make/data/tzdata/europe

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  12 # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  13 # version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  14 # accompanied this code).
  15 #
  16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  17 # 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  18 # Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  19 #
  20 # Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  21 # or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  22 # questions.
  23 #
  24 # <pre>
  25 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
  26 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
  27 
  28 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
  29 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
  30 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future).
  31 
  32 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
  33 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
  34 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
  35 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
  36 #
  37 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
  38 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
  39 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
  40 # published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
  41 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
  42 #



  43 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
  44 # entries through 1991, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
  45 #
  46 # Other sources occasionally used include:
  47 #
  48 #       Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
  49 #       Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
  50 #       which I found in the UCLA library.
  51 #
  52 #       <a href="http://www.pettswoodvillage.co.uk/Daylight_Savings_William_Willett.pdf">
  53 #       William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
  54 #       </a> (1914-03)

  55 #
  56 #       Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
  57 #       <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.  He writes:
  58 #       "It is requested that corrections and additions to these tables
  59 #       may be sent to Mr. John Milne, Royal Geographical Society,
  60 #       Savile Row, London."  Nowadays please email them to tz@iana.org.
  61 #
  62 #       Brazil's Departamento Servico da Hora (DSH),
  63 #       <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HISTHV.htm">
  64 #       History of Summer Time
  65 #       </a> (1998-09-21, in Portuguese)
  66 
  67 #
  68 # I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table;
  69 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
  70 # Corrections are welcome!
  71 #                   std dst  2dst
  72 #                   LMT           Local Mean Time
  73 #       -4:00       AST ADT       Atlantic
  74 #       -3:00       WGT WGST      Western Greenland*
  75 #       -1:00       EGT EGST      Eastern Greenland*
  76 #        0:00       GMT BST  BDST Greenwich, British Summer
  77 #        0:00       GMT IST       Greenwich, Irish Summer
  78 #        0:00       WET WEST WEMT Western Europe
  79 #        0:19:32.13 AMT NST       Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)*
  80 #        0:20       NET NEST      Netherlands (1937-1940)*
  81 #        1:00       CET CEST CEMT Central Europe
  82 #        1:00:14    SET           Swedish (1879-1899)*
  83 #        2:00       EET EEST      Eastern Europe
  84 #        3:00       MSK MSD       Moscow
  85 #
  86 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones, especially in Britain,
  87 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
  88 
  89 # From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04),
  90 # The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy,
  91 # Luxembourg, the Netherlands.
  92 # Plus, from 1 Jan 73: Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom.
  93 # Plus, from 1 Jan 81: Greece.
  94 # Plus, from 1 Jan 86: Spain, Portugal.
  95 # Plus, from 1 Jan 95: Austria, Finland, Sweden. (Norway negotiated terms for
  96 # entry but in a referendum on 28 Nov 94 the people voted No by 52.2% to 47.8%
  97 # on a turnout of 88.6%. This was almost the same result as Norway's previous
  98 # referendum in 1972, they are the only country to have said No twice.
  99 # Referendums in the other three countries voted Yes.)
 100 # ...
 101 # Estonia ... uses EU dates but not at 01:00 GMT, they use midnight GMT.
 102 # I don't think they know yet what they will do from 1996 onwards.
 103 # ...
 104 # There shouldn't be any [current members who are not using EU rules].
 105 # A Directive has the force of law, member states are obliged to enact
 106 # national law to implement it. The only contentious issue was the
 107 # different end date for the UK and Ireland, and this was always allowed


 564 Rule    C-Eur   1977    only    -       Sep     lastSun  2:00s  0       -
 565 Rule    C-Eur   1978    only    -       Oct      1       2:00s  0       -
 566 Rule    C-Eur   1979    1995    -       Sep     lastSun  2:00s  0       -
 567 Rule    C-Eur   1981    max     -       Mar     lastSun  2:00s  1:00    S
 568 Rule    C-Eur   1996    max     -       Oct     lastSun  2:00s  0       -
 569 
 570 # E-Eur differs from EU only in that E-Eur switches at midnight local time.
 571 Rule    E-Eur   1977    1980    -       Apr     Sun>=1        0:00   1:00    S
 572 Rule    E-Eur   1977    only    -       Sep     lastSun  0:00   0       -
 573 Rule    E-Eur   1978    only    -       Oct      1       0:00   0       -
 574 Rule    E-Eur   1979    1995    -       Sep     lastSun  0:00   0       -
 575 Rule    E-Eur   1981    max     -       Mar     lastSun  0:00   1:00    S
 576 Rule    E-Eur   1996    max     -       Oct     lastSun  0:00   0       -
 577 
 578 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 579 Rule    Russia  1917    only    -       Jul      1      23:00   1:00    MST     # Moscow Summer Time
 580 Rule    Russia  1917    only    -       Dec     28       0:00   0       MMT     # Moscow Mean Time
 581 Rule    Russia  1918    only    -       May     31      22:00   2:00    MDST    # Moscow Double Summer Time
 582 Rule    Russia  1918    only    -       Sep     16       1:00   1:00    MST
 583 Rule    Russia  1919    only    -       May     31      23:00   2:00    MDST
 584 Rule    Russia  1919    only    -       Jul      1       2:00   1:00    S
 585 Rule    Russia  1919    only    -       Aug     16       0:00   0       -
 586 Rule    Russia  1921    only    -       Feb     14      23:00   1:00    S
 587 Rule    Russia  1921    only    -       Mar     20      23:00   2:00    M # Midsummer
 588 Rule    Russia  1921    only    -       Sep      1       0:00   1:00    S
 589 Rule    Russia  1921    only    -       Oct      1       0:00   0       -
 590 # Act No.925 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1980-10-24):
 591 Rule    Russia  1981    1984    -       Apr      1       0:00   1:00    S
 592 Rule    Russia  1981    1983    -       Oct      1       0:00   0       -
 593 # Act No.967 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1984-09-13), repeated in
 594 # Act No.227 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1989-03-14):
 595 Rule    Russia  1984    1991    -       Sep     lastSun  2:00s  0       -
 596 Rule    Russia  1985    1991    -       Mar     lastSun  2:00s  1:00    S
 597 #
 598 Rule    Russia  1992    only    -       Mar     lastSat  23:00  1:00    S
 599 Rule    Russia  1992    only    -       Sep     lastSat  23:00  0       -
 600 Rule    Russia  1993    2010    -       Mar     lastSun  2:00s  1:00    S
 601 Rule    Russia  1993    1995    -       Sep     lastSun  2:00s  0       -
 602 Rule    Russia  1996    2010    -       Oct     lastSun  2:00s  0       -
 603 
 604 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-06-14):
 605 # According to Kremlin press service, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev
 606 # signed a federal law "On calculation of time" on June 9, 2011.
 607 # According to the law Russia is abolishing daylight saving time.
 608 #


2223 # Vologodskaya oblast', Voronezhskaya oblast',
2224 # Respublika Dagestan, Ivanovskaya oblast', Respublika Ingushetiya,
2225 # Kabarbino-Balkarskaya Respublika, Respublika Kalmykiya,
2226 # Kalyzhskaya oblast', Respublika Karachaevo-Cherkessiya,
2227 # Respublika Kareliya, Respublika Komi,
2228 # Kostromskaya oblast', Krasnodarskij kraj, Kurskaya oblast',
2229 # Leningradskaya oblast', Lipetskaya oblast', Respublika Marij El,
2230 # Respublika Mordoviya, Moskva, Moskovskaya oblast',
2231 # Murmanskaya oblast', Nenetskij avtonomnyj okrug,
2232 # Nizhegorodskaya oblast', Novgorodskaya oblast', Orlovskaya oblast',
2233 # Penzenskaya oblast', Pskovskaya oblast', Rostovskaya oblast',
2234 # Ryazanskaya oblast', Sankt-Peterburg,
2235 # Respublika Severnaya Osetiya, Smolenskaya oblast',
2236 # Stavropol'skij kraj, Tambovskaya oblast', Respublika Tatarstan,
2237 # Tverskaya oblast', Tyl'skaya oblast', Ul'yanovskaya oblast',
2238 # Chechenskaya Respublika, Chuvashskaya oblast',
2239 # Yaroslavskaya oblast'
2240 Zone Europe/Moscow       2:30:20 -      LMT     1880
2241                          2:30   -       MMT     1916 Jul  3 # Moscow Mean Time
2242                          2:30:48 Russia %s      1919 Jul  1 2:00

2243                          3:00   Russia  MSK/MSD 1922 Oct
2244                          2:00   -       EET     1930 Jun 21
2245                          3:00   Russia  MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2246                          2:00   Russia  EE%sT   1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2247                          3:00   Russia  MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2248                          4:00   -       MSK
2249 #
2250 # Astrakhanskaya oblast', Kirovskaya oblast', Saratovskaya oblast',
2251 # Volgogradskaya oblast'.  Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400
2252 # but Wikipedia (2006-05-09) says +0300.  Perhaps it switched after the
2253 # others?  But we have no data.
2254 Zone Europe/Volgograd    2:57:40 -      LMT     1920 Jan  3
2255                          3:00   -       TSAT    1925 Apr  6 # Tsaritsyn Time
2256                          3:00   -       STAT    1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time
2257                          4:00   -       STAT    1961 Nov 11
2258                          4:00   Russia  VOL%sT  1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T
2259                          3:00   Russia  VOL%sT  1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2260                          4:00   -       VOLT    1992 Mar 29 2:00s
2261                          3:00   Russia  VOL%sT  2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2262                          4:00   -       VOLT


2381 # Namskij, Nyurbinskij, Olenyokskij, Olyokminskij,
2382 # Suntarskij, Tattinskij, Ust'-Aldanskij, Khangalasskij,
2383 # Churapchinskij, Eveno-Bytantajskij Natsional'nij.
2384 
2385 Zone Asia/Yakutsk        8:38:40 -      LMT     1919 Dec 15
2386                          8:00   -       YAKT    1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
2387                          9:00   Russia  YAK%sT  1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2388                          8:00   Russia  YAK%sT  1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2389                          9:00   Russia  YAK%sT  2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2390                          10:00  -       YAKT
2391 #
2392 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of]
2393 # Evrejskaya avtonomnaya oblast', Khabarovskij kraj, Primorskij kraj,
2394 # [parts of] Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya).
2395 
2396 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
2397 # The Sakha districts are: Bulunskij, Verkhoyanskij, ... Ust'-Yanskij.
2398 Zone Asia/Vladivostok    8:47:44 -      LMT     1922 Nov 15
2399                          9:00   -       VLAT    1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time
2400                         10:00   Russia  VLA%sT  1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2401                          9:00   Russia  VLA%sST 1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2402                         10:00   Russia  VLA%sT  2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2403                         11:00   -       VLAT
2404 
2405 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09):
2406 # Tomponskij and Ust'-Majskij switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time
2407 # in 2011.
2408 #
2409 # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-25):
2410 # Shanks and Pottenger (2003) has Khandyga on Yakutsk time.
2411 # Make a wild guess that it switched to Vladivostok time in 2004.
2412 # This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info.
2413 #
2414 Zone Asia/Khandyga       9:02:13 -      LMT     1919 Dec 15
2415                          8:00   -       YAKT    1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
2416                          9:00   Russia  YAK%sT  1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2417                          8:00   Russia  YAK%sT  1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2418                          9:00   Russia  YAK%sT  2004
2419                         10:00   Russia  VLA%sT  2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2420                         11:00   -       VLAT    2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725?
2421                         10:00   -       YAKT




  12 # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  13 # version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  14 # accompanied this code).
  15 #
  16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  17 # 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  18 # Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  19 #
  20 # Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  21 # or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  22 # questions.
  23 #
  24 # <pre>
  25 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
  26 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
  27 
  28 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
  29 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
  30 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future).
  31 
  32 # From Paul Eggert (2014-05-31):
  33 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
  34 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
  35 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
  36 #
  37 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
  38 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
  39 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
  40 # published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
  41 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
  42 #
  43 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
  44 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
  45 #
  46 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
  47 # entries through 1991, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
  48 #
  49 # Other sources occasionally used include:
  50 #
  51 #       Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
  52 #       Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
  53 #       which I found in the UCLA library.
  54 #

  55 #       William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
  56 #       <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
  57 #       [PDF] (1914-03)
  58 #
  59 #       Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
  60 #       <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.  He writes:
  61 #       "It is requested that corrections and additions to these tables
  62 #       may be sent to Mr. John Milne, Royal Geographical Society,
  63 #       Savile Row, London."  Nowadays please email them to tz@iana.org.
  64 #
  65 #       Brazil's Departamento Servico da Hora (DSH),
  66 #       <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HISTHV.htm">
  67 #       History of Summer Time
  68 #       </a> (1998-09-21, in Portuguese)
  69 
  70 #
  71 # I invented the abbreviations marked '*' in the following table;
  72 # the rest are from earlier versions of this file, or from other sources.
  73 # Corrections are welcome!
  74 #                   std dst  2dst
  75 #                   LMT           Local Mean Time
  76 #       -4:00       AST ADT       Atlantic
  77 #       -3:00       WGT WGST      Western Greenland*
  78 #       -1:00       EGT EGST      Eastern Greenland*
  79 #        0:00       GMT BST  BDST Greenwich, British Summer
  80 #        0:00       GMT IST       Greenwich, Irish Summer
  81 #        0:00       WET WEST WEMT Western Europe
  82 #        0:19:32.13 AMT NST       Amsterdam, Netherlands Summer (1835-1937)*
  83 #        0:20       NET NEST      Netherlands (1937-1940)*
  84 #        1:00       CET CEST CEMT Central Europe
  85 #        1:00:14    SET           Swedish (1879-1899)*
  86 #        2:00       EET EEST      Eastern Europe
  87 #        3:00       MSK MSD  MSM* Moscow



  88 
  89 # From Peter Ilieve (1994-12-04),
  90 # The original six [EU members]: Belgium, France, (West) Germany, Italy,
  91 # Luxembourg, the Netherlands.
  92 # Plus, from 1 Jan 73: Denmark, Ireland, United Kingdom.
  93 # Plus, from 1 Jan 81: Greece.
  94 # Plus, from 1 Jan 86: Spain, Portugal.
  95 # Plus, from 1 Jan 95: Austria, Finland, Sweden. (Norway negotiated terms for
  96 # entry but in a referendum on 28 Nov 94 the people voted No by 52.2% to 47.8%
  97 # on a turnout of 88.6%. This was almost the same result as Norway's previous
  98 # referendum in 1972, they are the only country to have said No twice.
  99 # Referendums in the other three countries voted Yes.)
 100 # ...
 101 # Estonia ... uses EU dates but not at 01:00 GMT, they use midnight GMT.
 102 # I don't think they know yet what they will do from 1996 onwards.
 103 # ...
 104 # There shouldn't be any [current members who are not using EU rules].
 105 # A Directive has the force of law, member states are obliged to enact
 106 # national law to implement it. The only contentious issue was the
 107 # different end date for the UK and Ireland, and this was always allowed


 564 Rule    C-Eur   1977    only    -       Sep     lastSun  2:00s  0       -
 565 Rule    C-Eur   1978    only    -       Oct      1       2:00s  0       -
 566 Rule    C-Eur   1979    1995    -       Sep     lastSun  2:00s  0       -
 567 Rule    C-Eur   1981    max     -       Mar     lastSun  2:00s  1:00    S
 568 Rule    C-Eur   1996    max     -       Oct     lastSun  2:00s  0       -
 569 
 570 # E-Eur differs from EU only in that E-Eur switches at midnight local time.
 571 Rule    E-Eur   1977    1980    -       Apr     Sun>=1        0:00   1:00    S
 572 Rule    E-Eur   1977    only    -       Sep     lastSun  0:00   0       -
 573 Rule    E-Eur   1978    only    -       Oct      1       0:00   0       -
 574 Rule    E-Eur   1979    1995    -       Sep     lastSun  0:00   0       -
 575 Rule    E-Eur   1981    max     -       Mar     lastSun  0:00   1:00    S
 576 Rule    E-Eur   1996    max     -       Oct     lastSun  0:00   0       -
 577 
 578 # Rule  NAME    FROM    TO      TYPE    IN      ON      AT      SAVE    LETTER/S
 579 Rule    Russia  1917    only    -       Jul      1      23:00   1:00    MST     # Moscow Summer Time
 580 Rule    Russia  1917    only    -       Dec     28       0:00   0       MMT     # Moscow Mean Time
 581 Rule    Russia  1918    only    -       May     31      22:00   2:00    MDST    # Moscow Double Summer Time
 582 Rule    Russia  1918    only    -       Sep     16       1:00   1:00    MST
 583 Rule    Russia  1919    only    -       May     31      23:00   2:00    MDST
 584 Rule    Russia  1919    only    -       Jul      1       2:00   1:00    MSD
 585 Rule    Russia  1919    only    -       Aug     16       0:00   0       MSK
 586 Rule    Russia  1921    only    -       Feb     14      23:00   1:00    MSD
 587 Rule    Russia  1921    only    -       Mar     20      23:00   2:00    MSM # Midsummer
 588 Rule    Russia  1921    only    -       Sep      1       0:00   1:00    MSD
 589 Rule    Russia  1921    only    -       Oct      1       0:00   0       -
 590 # Act No.925 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1980-10-24):
 591 Rule    Russia  1981    1984    -       Apr      1       0:00   1:00    S
 592 Rule    Russia  1981    1983    -       Oct      1       0:00   0       -
 593 # Act No.967 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1984-09-13), repeated in
 594 # Act No.227 of the Council of Ministers of the USSR (1989-03-14):
 595 Rule    Russia  1984    1991    -       Sep     lastSun  2:00s  0       -
 596 Rule    Russia  1985    1991    -       Mar     lastSun  2:00s  1:00    S
 597 #
 598 Rule    Russia  1992    only    -       Mar     lastSat  23:00  1:00    S
 599 Rule    Russia  1992    only    -       Sep     lastSat  23:00  0       -
 600 Rule    Russia  1993    2010    -       Mar     lastSun  2:00s  1:00    S
 601 Rule    Russia  1993    1995    -       Sep     lastSun  2:00s  0       -
 602 Rule    Russia  1996    2010    -       Oct     lastSun  2:00s  0       -
 603 
 604 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-06-14):
 605 # According to Kremlin press service, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev
 606 # signed a federal law "On calculation of time" on June 9, 2011.
 607 # According to the law Russia is abolishing daylight saving time.
 608 #


2223 # Vologodskaya oblast', Voronezhskaya oblast',
2224 # Respublika Dagestan, Ivanovskaya oblast', Respublika Ingushetiya,
2225 # Kabarbino-Balkarskaya Respublika, Respublika Kalmykiya,
2226 # Kalyzhskaya oblast', Respublika Karachaevo-Cherkessiya,
2227 # Respublika Kareliya, Respublika Komi,
2228 # Kostromskaya oblast', Krasnodarskij kraj, Kurskaya oblast',
2229 # Leningradskaya oblast', Lipetskaya oblast', Respublika Marij El,
2230 # Respublika Mordoviya, Moskva, Moskovskaya oblast',
2231 # Murmanskaya oblast', Nenetskij avtonomnyj okrug,
2232 # Nizhegorodskaya oblast', Novgorodskaya oblast', Orlovskaya oblast',
2233 # Penzenskaya oblast', Pskovskaya oblast', Rostovskaya oblast',
2234 # Ryazanskaya oblast', Sankt-Peterburg,
2235 # Respublika Severnaya Osetiya, Smolenskaya oblast',
2236 # Stavropol'skij kraj, Tambovskaya oblast', Respublika Tatarstan,
2237 # Tverskaya oblast', Tyl'skaya oblast', Ul'yanovskaya oblast',
2238 # Chechenskaya Respublika, Chuvashskaya oblast',
2239 # Yaroslavskaya oblast'
2240 Zone Europe/Moscow       2:30:20 -      LMT     1880
2241                          2:30   -       MMT     1916 Jul  3 # Moscow Mean Time
2242                          2:30:48 Russia %s      1919 Jul  1 2:00
2243                          3:00   Russia  %s      1921 Oct
2244                          3:00   Russia  MSK/MSD 1922 Oct
2245                          2:00   -       EET     1930 Jun 21
2246                          3:00   Russia  MSK/MSD 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2247                          2:00   Russia  EE%sT   1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2248                          3:00   Russia  MSK/MSD 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2249                          4:00   -       MSK
2250 #
2251 # Astrakhanskaya oblast', Kirovskaya oblast', Saratovskaya oblast',
2252 # Volgogradskaya oblast'.  Shanks & Pottenger say Kirov is still at +0400
2253 # but Wikipedia (2006-05-09) says +0300.  Perhaps it switched after the
2254 # others?  But we have no data.
2255 Zone Europe/Volgograd    2:57:40 -      LMT     1920 Jan  3
2256                          3:00   -       TSAT    1925 Apr  6 # Tsaritsyn Time
2257                          3:00   -       STAT    1930 Jun 21 # Stalingrad Time
2258                          4:00   -       STAT    1961 Nov 11
2259                          4:00   Russia  VOL%sT  1989 Mar 26 2:00s # Volgograd T
2260                          3:00   Russia  VOL%sT  1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2261                          4:00   -       VOLT    1992 Mar 29 2:00s
2262                          3:00   Russia  VOL%sT  2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2263                          4:00   -       VOLT


2382 # Namskij, Nyurbinskij, Olenyokskij, Olyokminskij,
2383 # Suntarskij, Tattinskij, Ust'-Aldanskij, Khangalasskij,
2384 # Churapchinskij, Eveno-Bytantajskij Natsional'nij.
2385 
2386 Zone Asia/Yakutsk        8:38:40 -      LMT     1919 Dec 15
2387                          8:00   -       YAKT    1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
2388                          9:00   Russia  YAK%sT  1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2389                          8:00   Russia  YAK%sT  1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2390                          9:00   Russia  YAK%sT  2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2391                          10:00  -       YAKT
2392 #
2393 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2003-10-18): [This region consists of]
2394 # Evrejskaya avtonomnaya oblast', Khabarovskij kraj, Primorskij kraj,
2395 # [parts of] Respublika Sakha (Yakutiya).
2396 
2397 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2009-11-29):
2398 # The Sakha districts are: Bulunskij, Verkhoyanskij, ... Ust'-Yanskij.
2399 Zone Asia/Vladivostok    8:47:44 -      LMT     1922 Nov 15
2400                          9:00   -       VLAT    1930 Jun 21 # Vladivostok Time
2401                         10:00   Russia  VLA%sT  1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2402                          9:00   Russia  VLA%sT  1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2403                         10:00   Russia  VLA%sT  2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2404                         11:00   -       VLAT
2405 
2406 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-05-09):
2407 # Tomponskij and Ust'-Majskij switched from Vladivostok time to Yakutsk time
2408 # in 2011.
2409 #
2410 # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-25):
2411 # Shanks and Pottenger (2003) has Khandyga on Yakutsk time.
2412 # Make a wild guess that it switched to Vladivostok time in 2004.
2413 # This transition is no doubt wrong, but we have no better info.
2414 #
2415 Zone Asia/Khandyga       9:02:13 -      LMT     1919 Dec 15
2416                          8:00   -       YAKT    1930 Jun 21 # Yakutsk Time
2417                          9:00   Russia  YAK%sT  1991 Mar 31 2:00s
2418                          8:00   Russia  YAK%sT  1992 Jan 19 2:00s
2419                          9:00   Russia  YAK%sT  2004
2420                         10:00   Russia  VLA%sT  2011 Mar 27 2:00s
2421                         11:00   -       VLAT    2011 Sep 13 0:00s # Decree 725?
2422                         10:00   -       YAKT