1 # 2 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. 3 # 4 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it 5 # under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as 6 # published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this 7 # particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided 8 # by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code. 9 # 10 # This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT 11 # ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or 12 # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License 13 # version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that 14 # accompanied this code). 15 # 16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version 17 # 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, 18 # Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. 19 # 20 # Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA 21 # or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any 22 # questions. 23 # 24 # <pre> 25 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 26 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 27 28 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, 29 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to 30 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). 31 32 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 33 # 34 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is 35 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), 36 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). 37 # 38 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source 39 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport 40 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), 41 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries 42 # of the IATA's data after 1990. 43 # 44 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for 45 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards. 46 # 47 # Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, 48 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which 49 # I found in the UCLA library. 50 # 51 # For data circa 1899, a common source is: 52 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94 53 # <http://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>. 54 # 55 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is 56 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). 57 # 58 # Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT 59 # for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively, 60 # but Mark R V Murray reports that 61 # `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa, 62 # `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and 63 # `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for 64 # the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''. 65 # He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference. 66 # 67 # To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago; 68 # I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00, 69 # and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00. 70 # This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African 71 # mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara. 72 # 73 # To summarize, the following abbreviations seem to have some currency: 74 # -1:00 WAT West Africa Time (no longer used) 75 # 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time 76 # 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time 77 # 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time 78 # and Murray suggests the following abbreviation: 79 # 1:00 WAT West Africa Time 80 # I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00 81 # for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of 82 # until we get more information. 83 # 84 # I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome! 85 # 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time 86 # 2:30 BEAT British East Africa Time (no longer used) 87 # 2:45 BEAUT British East Africa Unified Time (no longer used) 88 # 3:00 CAST Central Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 89 # 3:00 SAST South Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 90 # 3:00 EAT East Africa Time 91 # 4:00 EAST East Africa Summer Time (no longer used) 92 93 # Algeria 94 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 95 Rule Algeria 1916 only - Jun 14 23:00s 1:00 S 96 Rule Algeria 1916 1919 - Oct Sun>=1 23:00s 0 - 97 Rule Algeria 1917 only - Mar 24 23:00s 1:00 S 98 Rule Algeria 1918 only - Mar 9 23:00s 1:00 S 99 Rule Algeria 1919 only - Mar 1 23:00s 1:00 S 100 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Feb 14 23:00s 1:00 S 101 Rule Algeria 1920 only - Oct 23 23:00s 0 - 102 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Mar 14 23:00s 1:00 S 103 Rule Algeria 1921 only - Jun 21 23:00s 0 - 104 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Sep 11 23:00s 1:00 S 105 Rule Algeria 1939 only - Nov 19 1:00 0 - 106 Rule Algeria 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 107 Rule Algeria 1944 only - Oct 8 2:00 0 - 108 Rule Algeria 1945 only - Sep 16 1:00 0 - 109 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Apr 25 23:00s 1:00 S 110 Rule Algeria 1971 only - Sep 26 23:00s 0 - 111 Rule Algeria 1977 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 S 112 Rule Algeria 1977 only - Oct 21 0:00 0 - 113 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Mar 24 1:00 1:00 S 114 Rule Algeria 1978 only - Sep 22 3:00 0 - 115 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Apr 25 0:00 1:00 S 116 Rule Algeria 1980 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 - 117 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 118 # more precise 0:09:21. 119 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 120 Zone Africa/Algiers 0:12:12 - LMT 1891 Mar 15 0:01 121 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 122 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1940 Feb 25 2:00 123 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1946 Oct 7 124 0:00 - WET 1956 Jan 29 125 1:00 - CET 1963 Apr 14 126 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1977 Oct 21 127 1:00 Algeria CE%sT 1979 Oct 26 128 0:00 Algeria WE%sT 1981 May 129 1:00 - CET 130 131 # Angola 132 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 133 Zone Africa/Luanda 0:52:56 - LMT 1892 134 0:52:04 - AOT 1911 May 26 # Angola Time 135 1:00 - WAT 136 137 # Benin 138 # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1946, not 1934; 139 # go with Shanks & Pottenger. 140 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 141 Zone Africa/Porto-Novo 0:10:28 - LMT 1912 142 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 143 1:00 - WAT 144 145 # Botswana 146 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21): 147 # Milne says they were regulated by the Cape Town Signal in 1899; 148 # assume they switched to 2:00 when Cape Town did. 149 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 150 Zone Africa/Gaborone 1:43:40 - LMT 1885 151 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 152 2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00 153 2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 154 2:00 - CAT 155 156 # Burkina Faso 157 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 158 Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912 159 0:00 - GMT 160 161 # Burundi 162 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 163 Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890 164 2:00 - CAT 165 166 # Cameroon 167 # Whitman says they switched to 1:00 in 1920; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 168 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 169 Zone Africa/Douala 0:38:48 - LMT 1912 170 1:00 - WAT 171 172 # Cape Verde 173 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 174 Zone Atlantic/Cape_Verde -1:34:04 - LMT 1907 # Praia 175 -2:00 - CVT 1942 Sep 176 -2:00 1:00 CVST 1945 Oct 15 177 -2:00 - CVT 1975 Nov 25 2:00 178 -1:00 - CVT 179 180 # Central African Republic 181 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 182 Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912 183 1:00 - WAT 184 185 # Chad 186 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 187 Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 188 1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14 189 1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8 190 1:00 - WAT 191 192 # Comoros 193 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 194 Zone Indian/Comoro 2:53:04 - LMT 1911 Jul # Moroni, Gran Comoro 195 3:00 - EAT 196 197 # Democratic Republic of Congo 198 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 199 Zone Africa/Kinshasa 1:01:12 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 200 1:00 - WAT 201 Zone Africa/Lubumbashi 1:49:52 - LMT 1897 Nov 9 202 2:00 - CAT 203 204 # Republic of the Congo 205 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 206 Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912 207 1:00 - WAT 208 209 # Cote D'Ivoire 210 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 211 Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912 212 0:00 - GMT 213 214 # Djibouti 215 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 216 Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 217 3:00 - EAT 218 219 ############################################################################### 220 221 # Egypt 222 223 # Milne says Cairo used 2:05:08.9, the local mean time of the Abbasizeh 224 # observatory; round to nearest. Milne also says that the official time for 225 # Egypt was mean noon at the Great Pyramid, 2:04:30.5, but apparently this 226 # did not apply to Cairo, Alexandria, or Port Said. 227 228 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 229 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Jul 15 0:00 1:00 S 230 Rule Egypt 1940 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 231 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Apr 15 0:00 1:00 S 232 Rule Egypt 1941 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 233 Rule Egypt 1942 1944 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 234 Rule Egypt 1942 only - Oct 27 0:00 0 - 235 Rule Egypt 1943 1945 - Nov 1 0:00 0 - 236 Rule Egypt 1945 only - Apr 16 0:00 1:00 S 237 Rule Egypt 1957 only - May 10 0:00 1:00 S 238 Rule Egypt 1957 1958 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 239 Rule Egypt 1958 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 240 Rule Egypt 1959 1981 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 241 Rule Egypt 1959 1965 - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 242 Rule Egypt 1966 1994 - Oct 1 3:00 0 - 243 Rule Egypt 1982 only - Jul 25 1:00 1:00 S 244 Rule Egypt 1983 only - Jul 12 1:00 1:00 S 245 Rule Egypt 1984 1988 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 246 Rule Egypt 1989 only - May 6 1:00 1:00 S 247 Rule Egypt 1990 1994 - May 1 1:00 1:00 S 248 # IATA (after 1990) says transitions are at 0:00. 249 # Go with IATA starting in 1995, except correct 1995 entry from 09-30 to 09-29. 250 251 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-04-20): 252 # "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight 253 # saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of 254 # Egyptians would approve the cancellation." 255 # 256 # Egypt to cancel daylight saving time 257 # <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168"> 258 # http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168 259 # </a> 260 # or 261 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html"> 262 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html 263 # </a> 264 Rule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 265 Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 266 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19): 267 # The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports: 268 # Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday 269 # after observing the daylight saving time since May. 270 # http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf 271 Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 - 272 # From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14): 273 # I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight 274 # saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07. 275 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:] 276 # http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm 277 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53 278 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...: 279 # http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm 280 Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 24:00 0 - 281 # From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06): 282 # Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter 283 # than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each 284 # year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite 285 # hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by 286 # shifting business hours one hour out of daytime heat. Consequently, 287 # unless discontinued, next DST may end Thursday 28 August 2008. 288 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17): 289 # For lack of better info, assume the new rule is last Thursday in August. 290 291 # From Petr Machata (2009-04-06): 292 # The following appeared in Red Hat bugzilla[1] (edited): 293 # 294 # > $ zdump -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo | grep 2009 295 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 21:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 296 # Apr 23 297 # > 23:59:59 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 298 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Apr 23 22:00:00 2009 UTC = Fri = 299 # Apr 24 300 # > 01:00:00 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 301 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 20:59:59 2009 UTC = Thu = 302 # Aug 27 303 # > 23:59:59 2009 EEST isdst=1 gmtoff=10800 304 # > /usr/share/zoneinfo/Africa/Cairo Thu Aug 27 21:00:00 2009 UTC = Thu = 305 # Aug 27 306 # > 23:00:00 2009 EET isdst=0 gmtoff=7200 307 # 308 # > end date should be Thu Sep 24 2009 (Last Thursday in September at 23:59= 309 # :59) 310 # > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/ 311 # 312 # timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that. 313 # 314 # [1] <a href="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263"> 315 # https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263 316 # </a> 317 # [2] <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53"> 318 # http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53 319 # </a> 320 # [3] <a href="http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/"> 321 # http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/ 322 # </a> 323 324 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20): 325 # In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth 326 # Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday 327 # in September. 328 329 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11): 330 # We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet 331 # Information and Decision Support Center: 332 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html"> 333 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html 334 # </a> 335 # 336 # The Middle East News Agency 337 # <a href="http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx"> 338 # http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx 339 # </a> 340 # also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21" 341 # today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT." 342 # Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service, 343 # and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine 344 # (at least today). 345 346 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-07-20): 347 # According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has 348 # decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during 349 # Ramadan. 350 # 351 # Arabic translation: 352 # "Clocks to go back during Ramadan--and then forward again" 353 # <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again"> 354 # http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again 355 # </a> 356 # or 357 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html"> 358 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html 359 # </a> 360 361 # From Ahmad El-Dardiry (2014-05-07): 362 # Egypt is to change back to Daylight system on May 15 363 # http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/100735/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-government-to-reapply-daylight-saving-time-.aspx 364 365 # From Gunther Vermier (2015-05-13): 366 # our Egypt office confirms that the change will be at 15 May "midnight" (24:00) 367 368 # From Imed Chihi (2014-06-04): 369 # We have finally "located" a precise official reference about the DST changes 370 # in Egypt. The Ministers Cabinet decision is explained at 371 # http://www.cabinet.gov.eg/Media/CabinetMeetingsDetails.aspx?id=347 ... 372 # [T]his (Arabic) site is not accessible outside Egypt, but the page ... 373 # translates into: "With regard to daylight saving time, it is scheduled to 374 # take effect at exactly twelve o'clock this evening, Thursday, 15 MAY 2014, 375 # to be suspended by twelve o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 26 JUN 2014, 376 # and re-established again at the end of the month of Ramadan, at twelve 377 # o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 31 JUL 2014." This statement has been 378 # reproduced by other (more accessible) sites[, e.g.,]... 379 # http://elgornal.net/news/news.aspx?id=4699258 380 381 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-04): 382 # Sarah El Deeb and Lee Keath of AP report that the Egyptian government says 383 # the change is because of blackouts in Cairo, even though Ahram Online (cited 384 # above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption. There is 385 # no information about when DST will end this fall. See: 386 # http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/el-sissi-pushes-egyptians-line-23614833 387 # 388 # For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use 389 # 2010's rules, and guess that Egypt will switch to standard time at 390 # 24:00 the last Thursday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 00:00 the 391 # first Friday after Ramadan. To implement this, 392 # transition dates for 2015 through 2037 were determined by running 393 # the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3, with the results integrated 394 # by hand into the table below. Ramadan again intrudes on the guessed 395 # DST starting in 2038, but that's beyond our somewhat-arbitrary cutoff. 396 # (let ((islamic-year 1436)) 397 # (while (< islamic-year 1460) 398 # (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))) 399 # (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year))) 400 # (friday 5)) 401 # (while (/= friday (mod a 7)) 402 # (setq a (1- a))) 403 # (while (/= friday (mod b 7)) 404 # (setq b (1+ b))) 405 # (setq a (1- a)) 406 # (setq b (1- b)) 407 # (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a)) 408 # (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b)) 409 # (insert 410 # (format 411 # (concat "Rule\tEgypt\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t0\t-\n" 412 # "Rule\tEgypt\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t1:00\tS\n") 413 # (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) 414 # (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) 415 # (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) 416 Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 24:00 0 - 417 Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 24:00 0 - 418 Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 10 24:00 0 - 419 Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 9 24:00 1:00 S 420 Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 421 Rule Egypt 2014 only - May 15 24:00 1:00 S 422 Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jun 26 24:00 0 - 423 Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jul 31 24:00 1:00 S 424 Rule Egypt 2014 max - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 - 425 Rule Egypt 2015 2019 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 426 Rule Egypt 2015 only - Jun 11 24:00 0 - 427 Rule Egypt 2015 only - Jul 23 24:00 1:00 S 428 Rule Egypt 2016 only - Jun 2 24:00 0 - 429 Rule Egypt 2016 only - Jul 7 24:00 1:00 S 430 Rule Egypt 2017 only - May 25 24:00 0 - 431 Rule Egypt 2017 only - Jun 29 24:00 1:00 S 432 Rule Egypt 2018 only - May 10 24:00 0 - 433 Rule Egypt 2018 only - Jun 14 24:00 1:00 S 434 Rule Egypt 2019 only - May 2 24:00 0 - 435 Rule Egypt 2019 only - Jun 6 24:00 1:00 S 436 Rule Egypt 2020 only - May 28 24:00 1:00 S 437 Rule Egypt 2021 only - May 13 24:00 1:00 S 438 Rule Egypt 2022 only - May 5 24:00 1:00 S 439 Rule Egypt 2023 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S 440 441 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 442 Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:09 - LMT 1900 Oct 443 2:00 Egypt EE%sT 444 445 # Equatorial Guinea 446 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 447 Zone Africa/Malabo 0:35:08 - LMT 1912 448 0:00 - GMT 1963 Dec 15 449 1:00 - WAT 450 451 # Eritrea 452 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 453 Zone Africa/Asmara 2:35:32 - LMT 1870 454 2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time 455 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 456 3:00 - EAT 457 458 # Ethiopia 459 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 460 # Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones 461 # between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890. 462 # We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera. 463 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 464 Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870 465 2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT 466 3:00 - EAT 467 468 # Gabon 469 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 470 Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912 471 1:00 - WAT 472 473 # Gambia 474 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 475 Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912 476 -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time 477 -1:00 - WAT 1964 478 0:00 - GMT 479 480 # Ghana 481 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 482 # Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present''; 483 # go with Shanks & Pottenger. 484 Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST 485 Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT 486 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 487 Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918 488 0:00 Ghana %s 489 490 # Guinea 491 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 492 Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912 493 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 494 -1:00 - WAT 1960 495 0:00 - GMT 496 497 # Guinea-Bissau 498 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 499 Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26 500 -1:00 - WAT 1975 501 0:00 - GMT 502 503 # Kenya 504 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 505 Zone Africa/Nairobi 2:27:16 - LMT 1928 Jul 506 3:00 - EAT 1930 507 2:30 - BEAT 1940 508 2:45 - BEAUT 1960 509 3:00 - EAT 510 511 # Lesotho 512 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 513 Zone Africa/Maseru 1:50:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 514 2:00 - SAST 1943 Sep 19 2:00 515 2:00 1:00 SAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00 516 2:00 - SAST 517 518 # Liberia 519 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): 520 # In 1972 Liberia was the last country to switch 521 # from a UTC offset that was not a multiple of 15 or 20 minutes. 522 # Howse reports that it was in honor of their president's birthday. 523 # Shank & Pottenger report the date as May 1, whereas Howse reports Jan; 524 # go with Shanks & Pottenger. 525 # For Liberia before 1972, Shanks & Pottenger report -0:44, whereas Howse and 526 # Whitman each report -0:44:30; go with the more precise figure. 527 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 528 Zone Africa/Monrovia -0:43:08 - LMT 1882 529 -0:43:08 - MMT 1919 Mar # Monrovia Mean Time 530 -0:44:30 - LRT 1972 May # Liberia Time 531 0:00 - GMT 532 533 ############################################################################### 534 535 # Libya 536 537 # From Even Scharning (2012-11-10): 538 # Libya set their time one hour back at 02:00 on Saturday November 10. 539 # http://www.libyaherald.com/2012/11/04/clocks-to-go-back-an-hour-on-saturday/ 540 # Here is an official source [in Arabic]: http://ls.ly/fb6Yc 541 # 542 # Steffen Thorsen forwarded a translation (2012-11-10) in 543 # http://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2012-November/018451.html 544 # 545 # From Tim Parenti (2012-11-11): 546 # Treat the 2012-11-10 change as a zone change from UTC+2 to UTC+1. 547 # The DST rules planned for 2013 and onward roughly mirror those of Europe 548 # (either two days before them or five days after them, so as to fall on 549 # lastFri instead of lastSun). 550 551 # From Even Scharning (2013-10-25): 552 # The scheduled end of DST in Libya on Friday, October 25, 2013 was 553 # cancelled yesterday.... 554 # http://www.libyaherald.com/2013/10/24/correction-no-time-change-tomorrow/ 555 # 556 # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-25): 557 # For now, assume they're reverting to the pre-2012 rules of permanent UTC+2. 558 559 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 560 Rule Libya 1951 only - Oct 14 2:00 1:00 S 561 Rule Libya 1952 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 562 Rule Libya 1953 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S 563 Rule Libya 1954 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 564 Rule Libya 1955 only - Sep 30 0:00 1:00 S 565 Rule Libya 1956 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 - 566 Rule Libya 1982 1984 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 567 Rule Libya 1982 1985 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 568 Rule Libya 1985 only - Apr 6 0:00 1:00 S 569 Rule Libya 1986 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 570 Rule Libya 1986 only - Oct 3 0:00 0 - 571 Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 S 572 Rule Libya 1987 1989 - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 573 Rule Libya 1997 only - Apr 4 0:00 1:00 S 574 Rule Libya 1997 only - Oct 4 0:00 0 - 575 Rule Libya 2013 only - Mar lastFri 1:00 1:00 S 576 Rule Libya 2013 only - Oct lastFri 2:00 0 - 577 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 578 Zone Africa/Tripoli 0:52:44 - LMT 1920 579 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1959 580 2:00 - EET 1982 581 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1990 May 4 582 # The 1996 and 1997 entries are from Shanks & Pottenger; 583 # the IATA SSIM data contain some obvious errors. 584 2:00 - EET 1996 Sep 30 585 1:00 Libya CE%sT 1997 Oct 4 586 2:00 - EET 2012 Nov 10 2:00 587 1:00 Libya CE%sT 2013 Oct 25 2:00 588 2:00 - EET 589 590 # Madagascar 591 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 592 Zone Indian/Antananarivo 3:10:04 - LMT 1911 Jul 593 3:00 - EAT 1954 Feb 27 23:00s 594 3:00 1:00 EAST 1954 May 29 23:00s 595 3:00 - EAT 596 597 # Malawi 598 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 599 Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar 600 2:00 - CAT 601 602 # Mali 603 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 604 Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912 605 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 606 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20 607 0:00 - GMT 608 609 # Mauritania 610 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 611 Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912 612 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26 613 -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28 614 0:00 - GMT 615 616 # Mauritius 617 618 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25): 619 # Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial 620 # basis.... 621 # It seems that Mauritius observed daylight saving time from 1982-10-10 to 622 # 1983-03-20 as well, but that was not successful.... 623 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-daylight-saving-time.html 624 625 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-25): 626 # http://economicdevelopment.gov.mu/portal/site/Mainhomepage/menuitem.a42b24128104d9845dabddd154508a0c/?content_id=0a7cee8b5d69a110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 627 628 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-06-30): 629 # The www.timeanddate.com article cited by Steffen Thorsen notes that "A 630 # final decision has yet to be made on the times that daylight saving 631 # would begin and end on these dates." As a place holder, use midnight. 632 633 # From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30): 634 # Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger. 635 636 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10): 637 # According to 638 # <a href="http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216"> 639 # http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216 640 # </a> 641 # (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier 642 # than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start 643 # date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time 644 # given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time). 645 # 646 # A little strange though, since the article says that they moved the date 647 # to align itself with Europe and USA which also change time on that date, 648 # but that means they have not paid attention to what happened in 649 # USA/Canada last year (DST ends first Sunday in November). I also wonder 650 # why that they end on a Friday, instead of aligning with Europe which 651 # changes two days later. 652 653 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-07-11): 654 # Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving 655 # time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally 656 # published on Monday, June 30, 2008... 657 # 658 # I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction 659 # de l'heure d'ete" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26 660 # and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one. 661 # ... 662 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html"> 663 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html 664 # </a> 665 666 # From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03): 667 # The Government of Mauritius weblink 668 # <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD"> 669 # http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD 670 # </a> 671 # Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows: 672 # 673 # 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly 674 # of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in 675 # Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of 676 # the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United 677 # States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the 678 # last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on 679 # the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the 680 # year 2008 - 2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008 681 # and end on 29 March 2009. 682 683 # From Ed Maste (2008-10-07): 684 # THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the 685 # beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the 686 # morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March. 687 # <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf"> 688 # http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf 689 # </a> 690 691 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05): 692 # According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe 693 # DST the coming summer... 694 # 695 # Some sources, in French: 696 # <a href="http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB"> 697 # http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB 698 # </a> 699 # <a href="http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-"> 700 # http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints- 701 # </a> 702 # 703 # Our wrap-up: 704 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html"> 705 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html 706 # </a> 707 708 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11): 709 # The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this: 710 # "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour 711 # at 2am (or 02:00) local time..." 712 713 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 714 Rule Mauritius 1982 only - Oct 10 0:00 1:00 S 715 Rule Mauritius 1983 only - Mar 21 0:00 0 - 716 Rule Mauritius 2008 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 717 Rule Mauritius 2009 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - 718 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 719 Zone Indian/Mauritius 3:50:00 - LMT 1907 # Port Louis 720 4:00 Mauritius MU%sT # Mauritius Time 721 # Agalega Is, Rodriguez 722 # no information; probably like Indian/Mauritius 723 724 # Mayotte 725 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 726 Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou 727 3:00 - EAT 728 729 # Morocco 730 # See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta). 731 732 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 733 # Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between 734 # 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008. 735 # 736 # "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will 737 # be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to 738 # Communication Minister and Gov ernment Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...." 739 # 740 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html"> 741 # http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html 742 # </a> 743 # OR 744 # <a href="http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html"> 745 # http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html 746 # </a> 747 748 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09): 749 # The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse: 750 # <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view"> 751 # http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view 752 # </a> 753 # 754 # Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt. 755 # spokesman. 756 757 # From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09): 758 # According to this article: 759 # <a href="http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html"> 760 # http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html 761 # </a> 762 # (and republished here: 763 # <a href="http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html"> 764 # http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html 765 # </a> 766 # ) 767 # the changes occurs at midnight: 768 # 769 # saturday night may 31st at midnight (which in french is to be 770 # intrepreted as the night between saturday and sunday) 771 # sunday night the 28th at midnight 772 # 773 # Seeing that the 28th is monday, I am guessing that she intends to say 774 # the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between sunday and 775 # monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive 776 # june1st to sept 27th. 777 # 778 # The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree 779 # published on the web. 780 # 781 # It's also confirmed here: 782 # <a href="http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm"> 783 # http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm 784 # </a> 785 # on a government portal as being between june 1st and sept 27th (not yet 786 # posted in english). 787 # 788 # The following google query will generate many relevant hits: 789 # <a href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search"> 790 # http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search 791 # </a> 792 793 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27): 794 # Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31 795 # and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end 796 # of September: 797 # 798 # One article about it (in French): 799 # <a href="http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default"> 800 # http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default 801 # </a> 802 # 803 # We have some further details posted here: 804 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html"> 805 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html 806 # </a> 807 808 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17): 809 # Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according 810 # to many sources, such as 811 # <a href="http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html"> 812 # http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html 813 # </a> 814 # <a href="http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312"> 815 # http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312 816 # </a> 817 # (French) 818 # 819 # Our summary: 820 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html"> 821 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html 822 # </a> 823 824 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 825 # Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre, 826 # Ministere de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics 827 # 828 # Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967) 829 # concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of 830 # Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be 831 # advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight. 832 # 833 # <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf"> 834 # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf 835 # </a> 836 # 837 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html"> 838 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html 839 # </a> 840 841 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13): 842 # Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization 843 # of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from 844 # 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08. 845 # 846 # Example: 847 # <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html"> 848 # http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html 849 # </a> 850 # (French) 851 # Our page: 852 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html"> 853 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html 854 # </a> 855 856 # From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30): 857 # ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format) 858 # The 3rd april 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd april 1:00:00 859 # The 31th july 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31th July 00:00:00 860 # ...Official links of change in morocco 861 # The change was broadcast on the FM Radio 862 # I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at 863 # +212.537.71.84.00 864 # <a href="http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/"> 865 # http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/ 866 # </a> 867 # They said that 868 # <a href="http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view"> 869 # http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view 870 # </a> 871 # is the official publication to look at. 872 # They said that the decision was already taken. 873 # 874 # More articles in the press 875 # <a href="http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev"> 876 # http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev 877 # </a> 878 # e.html 879 # <a href="http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923"> 880 # http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923 881 # </a> 882 # <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim"> 883 # http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim 884 # anche-prochain-5538.html 885 # </a> 886 887 # From Petr Machata (2011-03-30): 888 # They have it written in English here: 889 # <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view"> 890 # http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view 891 # </a> 892 # 893 # It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31, 894 # 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of 895 # wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has 896 # also been like that in the past. 897 898 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09): 899 # According to Infomédiaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma), 900 # on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure légale: 901 # Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'été 902 # <a href="http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9"> 903 # http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9 904 # </a> 905 # Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on 906 # the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on 907 # last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012) 908 # except the month of Ramadan. 909 # or (brief) 910 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html"> 911 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html 912 # </a> 913 914 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10): 915 # The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in 916 # effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day; 917 # it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX. 918 # Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about 919 # start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX. 920 921 # From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16): 922 # Seen Morocco change again: 923 # <a href="http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php"> 924 # http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php 925 # </a> 926 # "...à partir du dernier dimance d'avril et non fins mars, 927 # comme annoncé précédemment." 928 929 # From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17): 930 # The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government: 931 # <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288"> 932 # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French] 933 # </a> 934 # 935 # Google translation, lightly edited: 936 # Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT) 937 # Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18, 938 # 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the 939 # Government No. 3-47-12 issued on 24 Sha'ban (11 July 2012), the Ministry 940 # of Public Service and Administration Modernization announces the return 941 # of the legal time of the Kingdom (GMT) from Friday, July 20, 2012 until 942 # Monday, August 20, 2012. So the time will be delayed by 60 minutes from 943 # 3:00 am Friday, July 20, 2012 and will again be advanced by 60 minutes 944 # August 20, 2012 from 2:00 am. 945 946 # From Paul Eggert (2013-03-06): 947 # Morocco's daylight-saving transitions due to Ramadan seem to be 948 # announced a bit in advance. On 2012-07-11 the Moroccan government 949 # announced that year's Ramadan daylight-saving transitions would be 950 # 2012-07-20 and 2012-08-20; see 951 # <http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288>. 952 953 # From Andrew Paprocki (2013-07-02): 954 # Morocco announced that the year's Ramadan daylight-savings 955 # transitions would be 2013-07-07 and 2013-08-10; see: 956 # http://www.maroc.ma/en/news/morocco-suspends-daylight-saving-time-july-7-aug10 957 958 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-09-28): 959 # Morocco extends DST by one month, on very short notice, just 1 day 960 # before it was going to end. There is a new decree (2.13.781) for 961 # this, where DST from now on goes from last Sunday of March at 02:00 962 # to last Sunday of October at 03:00, similar to EU rules. Official 963 # source (French): 964 # http://www.maroc.gov.ma/fr/actualites/lhoraire-dete-gmt1-maintenu-jusquau-27-octobre-2013 965 # Another source (specifying the time for start and end in the decree): 966 # http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html 967 968 # From Sebastien Willemijns (2014-03-18): 969 # http://www.afriquinfos.com/articles/2014/3/18/maroc-heure-dete-avancez-tous-horloges-247891.asp 970 971 # From Milamber Space Network (2014-06-05): 972 # The Moroccan government has recently announced that the country will return 973 # to standard time at 03:00 on Saturday, June 28, 2014 local time.... DST 974 # will resume again at 02:00 on Saturday, August 2, 2014.... 975 # http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=586 976 977 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-05): 978 # For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use 2014's rules, 979 # and guess that Morocco will switch to standard time at 03:00 the last 980 # Saturday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 02:00 the first Saturday after 981 # Ramadan. To implement this, transition dates for 2015 through 2037 were 982 # determined by running the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3, with the 983 # results integrated by hand into the table below. 984 # (let ((islamic-year 1436)) 985 # (while (< islamic-year 1460) 986 # (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))) 987 # (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year))) 988 # (saturday 6)) 989 # (while (/= saturday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7))) 990 # (while (/= saturday (mod b 7)) 991 # (setq b (1+ b))) 992 # (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a)) 993 # (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b)) 994 # (insert 995 # (format 996 # (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 3:00\t0\t-\n" 997 # "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 2:00\t1:00\tS\n") 998 # (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a)) 999 # (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b))))) 1000 # (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year)))) 1001 1002 # RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1003 1004 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S 1005 Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 - 1006 Rule Morocco 1940 only - Feb 25 0:00 1:00 S 1007 Rule Morocco 1945 only - Nov 18 0:00 0 - 1008 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Jun 11 0:00 1:00 S 1009 Rule Morocco 1950 only - Oct 29 0:00 0 - 1010 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Jun 3 12:00 1:00 S 1011 Rule Morocco 1967 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 - 1012 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Jun 24 0:00 1:00 S 1013 Rule Morocco 1974 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 1014 Rule Morocco 1976 1977 - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1015 Rule Morocco 1976 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 - 1016 Rule Morocco 1977 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 - 1017 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1018 Rule Morocco 1978 only - Aug 4 0:00 0 - 1019 Rule Morocco 2008 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1020 Rule Morocco 2008 only - Sep 1 0:00 0 - 1021 Rule Morocco 2009 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 S 1022 Rule Morocco 2009 only - Aug 21 0:00 0 - 1023 Rule Morocco 2010 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S 1024 Rule Morocco 2010 only - Aug 8 0:00 0 - 1025 Rule Morocco 2011 only - Apr 3 0:00 1:00 S 1026 Rule Morocco 2011 only - Jul 31 0 0 - 1027 Rule Morocco 2012 2013 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 1028 Rule Morocco 2012 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 - 1029 Rule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 - 1030 Rule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 S 1031 Rule Morocco 2013 only - Jul 7 3:00 0 - 1032 Rule Morocco 2013 only - Aug 10 2:00 1:00 S 1033 Rule Morocco 2013 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 - 1034 Rule Morocco 2014 2022 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 1035 Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 28 3:00 0 - 1036 Rule Morocco 2014 only - Aug 2 2:00 1:00 S 1037 Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 13 3:00 0 - 1038 Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jul 18 2:00 1:00 S 1039 Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 4 3:00 0 - 1040 Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 9 2:00 1:00 S 1041 Rule Morocco 2017 only - May 20 3:00 0 - 1042 Rule Morocco 2017 only - Jul 1 2:00 1:00 S 1043 Rule Morocco 2018 only - May 12 3:00 0 - 1044 Rule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 16 2:00 1:00 S 1045 Rule Morocco 2019 only - May 4 3:00 0 - 1046 Rule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 8 2:00 1:00 S 1047 Rule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 18 3:00 0 - 1048 Rule Morocco 2020 only - May 30 2:00 1:00 S 1049 Rule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 10 3:00 0 - 1050 Rule Morocco 2021 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 S 1051 Rule Morocco 2022 only - Apr 2 3:00 0 - 1052 Rule Morocco 2022 only - May 7 2:00 1:00 S 1053 Rule Morocco 2023 only - Apr 22 2:00 1:00 S 1054 Rule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 13 2:00 1:00 S 1055 Rule Morocco 2025 only - Apr 5 2:00 1:00 S 1056 Rule Morocco 2026 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S 1057 Rule Morocco 2035 only - Oct 27 3:00 0 - 1058 Rule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 18 3:00 0 - 1059 Rule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 10 3:00 0 - 1060 1061 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1062 Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26 1063 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16 1064 1:00 - CET 1986 1065 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1066 1067 # Western Sahara 1068 # 1069 # From Gwillim Law (2013-10-22): 1070 # A correspondent who is usually well informed about time zone matters 1071 # ... says that Western Sahara observes daylight saving time, just as 1072 # Morocco does. 1073 # 1074 # From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23): 1075 # Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT, 1076 # since most of it was then controlled by Morocco. 1077 1078 Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan 1079 -1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14 1080 0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1081 1082 # Mozambique 1083 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1084 Zone Africa/Maputo 2:10:20 - LMT 1903 Mar 1085 2:00 - CAT 1086 1087 # Namibia 1088 # The 1994-04-03 transition is from Shanks & Pottenger. 1089 # Shanks & Pottenger report no DST after 1998-04; go with IATA. 1090 1091 # From Petronella Sibeene (2007-03-30) in 1092 # <http://allafrica.com/stories/200703300178.html>: 1093 # While the entire country changes its time, Katima Mulilo and other 1094 # settlements in Caprivi unofficially will not because the sun there 1095 # rises and sets earlier compared to other regions. Chief of 1096 # Forecasting Riaan van Zyl explained that the far eastern parts of 1097 # the country are close to 40 minutes earlier in sunrise than the rest 1098 # of the country. 1099 # 1100 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-31): 1101 # Apparently the Caprivi Strip informally observes Botswana time, but 1102 # we have no details. In the meantime people there can use Africa/Gaborone. 1103 1104 # RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1105 Rule Namibia 1994 max - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S 1106 Rule Namibia 1995 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - 1107 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1108 Zone Africa/Windhoek 1:08:24 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 1109 1:30 - SWAT 1903 Mar # SW Africa Time 1110 2:00 - SAST 1942 Sep 20 2:00 1111 2:00 1:00 SAST 1943 Mar 21 2:00 1112 2:00 - SAST 1990 Mar 21 # independence 1113 2:00 - CAT 1994 Apr 3 1114 1:00 Namibia WA%sT 1115 1116 # Niger 1117 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1118 Zone Africa/Niamey 0:08:28 - LMT 1912 1119 -1:00 - WAT 1934 Feb 26 1120 0:00 - GMT 1960 1121 1:00 - WAT 1122 1123 # Nigeria 1124 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1125 Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep 1126 1:00 - WAT 1127 1128 # Reunion 1129 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1130 Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis 1131 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time 1132 # 1133 # Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows. 1134 # The following information about them is taken from 1135 # Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French; 1136 # no longer available as of 1999-08-17). 1137 # We have no info about their time zone histories. 1138 # 1139 # Bassas da India - uninhabited 1140 # Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families 1141 # Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958 1142 # Juan de Nova - uninhabited 1143 # Tromelin - inhabited until at least 1958 1144 1145 # Rwanda 1146 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1147 Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun 1148 2:00 - CAT 1149 1150 # St Helena 1151 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1152 Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown 1153 -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time 1154 0:00 - GMT 1155 # The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar: 1156 # Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA 1157 # Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA 1158 # Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously): 1159 # on GMT, says the CIA 1160 # Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT 1161 1162 # Sao Tome and Principe 1163 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1164 Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884 1165 -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time 1166 0:00 - GMT 1167 1168 # Senegal 1169 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1170 Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912 1171 -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun 1172 0:00 - GMT 1173 1174 # Seychelles 1175 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1176 Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria 1177 4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time 1178 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30): 1179 # Aldabra, Farquhar, and Desroches, originally dependencies of the 1180 # Seychelles, were transferred to the British Indian Ocean Territory 1181 # in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know 1182 # whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now. 1183 # Possibly the islands were uninhabited. 1184 1185 # Sierra Leone 1186 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1187 # Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger. 1188 Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST 1189 Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT 1190 Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST 1191 Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT 1192 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1193 Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882 1194 -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time 1195 -1:00 SL %s 1957 1196 0:00 SL %s 1197 1198 # Somalia 1199 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1200 Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov 1201 3:00 - EAT 1931 1202 2:30 - BEAT 1957 1203 3:00 - EAT 1204 1205 # South Africa 1206 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1207 Rule SA 1942 1943 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 - 1208 Rule SA 1943 1944 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - 1209 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1210 Zone Africa/Johannesburg 1:52:00 - LMT 1892 Feb 8 1211 1:30 - SAST 1903 Mar 1212 2:00 SA SAST 1213 # Marion and Prince Edward Is 1214 # scientific station since 1947 1215 # no information 1216 1217 # Sudan 1218 # 1219 # From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html"> 1220 # Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13) 1221 # </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen: 1222 # Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon 1223 # Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for 1224 # Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin. 1225 # 1226 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1227 Rule Sudan 1970 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 S 1228 Rule Sudan 1970 1985 - Oct 15 0:00 0 - 1229 Rule Sudan 1971 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 S 1230 Rule Sudan 1972 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 S 1231 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1232 Zone Africa/Khartoum 2:10:08 - LMT 1931 1233 2:00 Sudan CA%sT 2000 Jan 15 12:00 1234 3:00 - EAT 1235 1236 # South Sudan 1237 Link Africa/Khartoum Africa/Juba 1238 1239 # Swaziland 1240 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1241 Zone Africa/Mbabane 2:04:24 - LMT 1903 Mar 1242 2:00 - SAST 1243 1244 # Tanzania 1245 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1246 Zone Africa/Dar_es_Salaam 2:37:08 - LMT 1931 1247 3:00 - EAT 1948 1248 2:45 - BEAUT 1961 1249 3:00 - EAT 1250 1251 # Togo 1252 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1253 Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893 1254 0:00 - GMT 1255 1256 # Tunisia 1257 1258 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30): 1259 # My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST, 1260 # this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News 1261 # <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP 1262 # and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by 1263 # one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be 1264 # UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next 1265 # Saturday." (My translation) 1266 # 1267 # From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02): 1268 # LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ... 1269 # <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html> 1270 # ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30, 1271 # 1h standard time. 1272 # 1273 # From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28): 1274 # The daylight saving time will be the same each year: 1275 # Beginning : the last Sunday of March at 02:00 1276 # Ending : the last Sunday of October at 03:00 ... 1277 # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50 1278 1279 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16): 1280 # According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year. 1281 # (Arabic) 1282 # <a href="http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546"> 1283 # http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546 1284 # </a> 1285 # <a href="http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp"> 1286 # http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp 1287 # </a> 1288 # 1289 # We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia. 1290 # We have a wrap-up about this on the following page: 1291 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html"> 1292 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html 1293 # </a> 1294 1295 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17): 1296 # Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency 1297 # 1298 # Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn): 1299 # 1300 # (in English) 1301 # <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157"> 1302 # http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157 1303 # </a> 1304 # 1305 # (in Arabic) 1306 # <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1"> 1307 # http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1 1308 # </a> 1309 1310 # From Arthur David Olson (2009--3-18): 1311 # The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is due to the fact 1312 # that the fasting month of ramadan coincides with the period concerned by summer time. 1313 # Therefore, the standard time will be kept unchanged the whole year long." 1314 # So foregoing DST seems to be an exception (albeit one that may be repeated in the future). 1315 1316 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27): 1317 # According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010 1318 # 1319 # (translation): 1320 # "The Tunisian government has decided to abandon DST, which was scheduled on 1321 # Sunday... 1322 # Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also 1323 # coincided with the month of Ramadan..." 1324 # 1325 # (in Arabic) 1326 # <a href="http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1"> 1327 # http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1 1328 # <a href="http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036"> 1329 # http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036 1330 # or 1331 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html"> 1332 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html 1333 1334 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 1335 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S 1336 Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 - 1337 Rule Tunisia 1940 only - Feb 25 23:00s 1:00 S 1338 Rule Tunisia 1941 only - Oct 6 0:00 0 - 1339 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Mar 9 0:00 1:00 S 1340 Rule Tunisia 1942 only - Nov 2 3:00 0 - 1341 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Mar 29 2:00 1:00 S 1342 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 17 2:00 0 - 1343 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Apr 25 2:00 1:00 S 1344 Rule Tunisia 1943 only - Oct 4 2:00 0 - 1345 Rule Tunisia 1944 1945 - Apr Mon>=1 2:00 1:00 S 1346 Rule Tunisia 1944 only - Oct 8 0:00 0 - 1347 Rule Tunisia 1945 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 - 1348 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Apr 30 0:00s 1:00 S 1349 Rule Tunisia 1977 only - Sep 24 0:00s 0 - 1350 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1351 Rule Tunisia 1978 only - Oct 1 0:00s 0 - 1352 Rule Tunisia 1988 only - Jun 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1353 Rule Tunisia 1988 1990 - Sep lastSun 0:00s 0 - 1354 Rule Tunisia 1989 only - Mar 26 0:00s 1:00 S 1355 Rule Tunisia 1990 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1356 Rule Tunisia 2005 only - May 1 0:00s 1:00 S 1357 Rule Tunisia 2005 only - Sep 30 1:00s 0 - 1358 Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 S 1359 Rule Tunisia 2006 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 - 1360 1361 # Shanks & Pottenger give 0:09:20 for Paris Mean Time; go with Howse's 1362 # more precise 0:09:21. 1363 # Shanks & Pottenger say the 1911 switch was on Mar 9; go with Howse's Mar 11. 1364 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1365 Zone Africa/Tunis 0:40:44 - LMT 1881 May 12 1366 0:09:21 - PMT 1911 Mar 11 # Paris Mean Time 1367 1:00 Tunisia CE%sT 1368 1369 # Uganda 1370 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1371 Zone Africa/Kampala 2:09:40 - LMT 1928 Jul 1372 3:00 - EAT 1930 1373 2:30 - BEAT 1948 1374 2:45 - BEAUT 1957 1375 3:00 - EAT 1376 1377 # Zambia 1378 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1379 Zone Africa/Lusaka 1:53:08 - LMT 1903 Mar 1380 2:00 - CAT 1381 1382 # Zimbabwe 1383 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 1384 Zone Africa/Harare 2:04:12 - LMT 1903 Mar 1385 2:00 - CAT