make/data/tzdata/africa
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@@ -19,11 +19,10 @@
#
# Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
# or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
# questions.
#
-# <pre>
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
@@ -56,17 +55,17 @@
# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
#
# Previous editions of this database used WAT, CAT, SAT, and EAT
# for +0:00 through +3:00, respectively,
# but Mark R V Murray reports that
-# `SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,
-# `CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and
-# `WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for
-# the area that includes Nigeria is ``West Africa''.
-# He has heard of ``Western Sahara Time'' for +0:00 but can find no reference.
+# 'SAST' is the official abbreviation for +2:00 in the country of South Africa,
+# 'CAT' is commonly used for +2:00 in countries north of South Africa, and
+# 'WAT' is probably the best name for +1:00, as the common phrase for
+# the area that includes Nigeria is "West Africa".
+# He has heard of "Western Sahara Time" for +0:00 but can find no reference.
#
-# To make things confusing, `WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
+# To make things confusing, 'WAT' seems to have been used for -1:00 long ago;
# I'd guess that this was because people needed _some_ name for -1:00,
# and at the time, far west Africa was the only major land area in -1:00.
# This usage is now obsolete, as the last use of -1:00 on the African
# mainland seems to have been 1976 in Western Sahara.
#
@@ -75,11 +74,11 @@
# 0:00 GMT Greenwich Mean Time
# 2:00 CAT Central Africa Time
# 2:00 SAST South Africa Standard Time
# and Murray suggests the following abbreviation:
# 1:00 WAT West Africa Time
-# I realize that this leads to `WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
+# I realize that this leads to 'WAT' being used for both -1:00 and 1:00
# for times before 1976, but this is the best I can think of
# until we get more information.
#
# I invented the following abbreviations; corrections are welcome!
# 2:00 WAST West Africa Summer Time
@@ -152,13 +151,11 @@
2:00 - CAT 1943 Sep 19 2:00
2:00 1:00 CAST 1944 Mar 19 2:00
2:00 - CAT
# Burkina Faso
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Africa/Ouagadougou -0:06:04 - LMT 1912
- 0:00 - GMT
+# See Africa/Abidjan.
# Burundi
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Bujumbura 1:57:28 - LMT 1890
2:00 - CAT
@@ -182,11 +179,11 @@
Zone Africa/Bangui 1:14:20 - LMT 1912
1:00 - WAT
# Chad
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912
+Zone Africa/Ndjamena 1:00:12 - LMT 1912 # N'Djamena
1:00 - WAT 1979 Oct 14
1:00 1:00 WAST 1980 Mar 8
1:00 - WAT
# Comoros
@@ -204,14 +201,24 @@
# Republic of the Congo
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Brazzaville 1:01:08 - LMT 1912
1:00 - WAT
-# Cote D'Ivoire
+# Côte D'Ivoire / Ivory Coast
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Abidjan -0:16:08 - LMT 1912
0:00 - GMT
+Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Bamako # Mali
+Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Banjul # Gambia
+Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Conakry # Guinea
+Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Dakar # Senegal
+Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Freetown # Sierra Leone
+Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Lome # Togo
+Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Nouakchott # Mauritania
+Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Ouagadougou # Burkina Faso
+Link Africa/Abidjan Africa/Sao_Tome # São Tomé and Príncipe
+Link Africa/Abidjan Atlantic/St_Helena # St Helena
# Djibouti
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Djibouti 2:52:36 - LMT 1911 Jul
3:00 - EAT
@@ -252,34 +259,30 @@
# "...Egypt's interim cabinet decided on Wednesday to cancel daylight
# saving time after a poll posted on its website showed the majority of
# Egyptians would approve the cancellation."
#
# Egypt to cancel daylight saving time
-# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168">
# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/node/407168
-# </a>
# or
-# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt04.html
-# </a>
Rule Egypt 1995 2010 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Egypt 1995 2005 - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 -
# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-09-19):
# The Egyptian Gazette, issue 41,090 (2006-09-18), page 1, reports:
# Egypt will turn back clocks by one hour at the midnight of Thursday
# after observing the daylight saving time since May.
# http://news.gom.com.eg/gazette/pdf/2006/09/18/01.pdf
-Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Egypt 2006 only - Sep 21 24:00 0 -
# From Dirk Losch (2007-08-14):
# I received a mail from an airline which says that the daylight
# saving time in Egypt will end in the night of 2007-09-06 to 2007-09-07.
-# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:]
+# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2007-08-15): [The following agree:]
# http://www.nentjes.info/Bill/bill5.htm
# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/city.html?n=53
# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-04): The official information...:
# http://www.sis.gov.eg/En/EgyptOnline/Miscellaneous/000002/0207000000000000001580.htm
-Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Egypt 2007 only - Sep Thu>=1 24:00 0 -
# From Abdelrahman Hassan (2007-09-06):
# Due to the Hijri (lunar Islamic calendar) year being 11 days shorter
# than the year of the Gregorian calendar, Ramadan shifts earlier each
# year. This year it will be observed September 13 (September is quite
# hot in Egypt), and the idea is to make fasting easier for workers by
@@ -309,36 +312,26 @@
# :59)
# > http://support.microsoft.com/kb/958729/
#
# timeanddate[2] and another site I've found[3] also support that.
#
-# [1] <a href="https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263">
-# https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263
-# </a>
-# [2] <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53">
-# http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53
-# </a>
-# [3] <a href="http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/">
-# http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/
-# </a>
+# [1] https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=492263
+# [2] http://www.timeanddate.com/worldclock/clockchange.html?n=53
+# [3] http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/africa/egypt/
# From Arthur David Olson (2009-04-20):
# In 2009 (and for the next several years), Ramadan ends before the fourth
# Thursday in September; Egypt is expected to revert to the last Thursday
# in September.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-08-11):
# We have been able to confirm the August change with the Egyptian Cabinet
# Information and Decision Support Center:
-# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/egypt-dst-ends-2009.html
-# </a>
#
# The Middle East News Agency
-# <a href="http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx">
# http://www.mena.org.eg/index.aspx
-# </a>
# also reports "Egypt starts winter time on August 21"
# today in article numbered "71, 11/08/2009 12:25 GMT."
# Only the title above is available without a subscription to their service,
# and can be found by searching for "winter" in their search engine
# (at least today).
@@ -347,66 +340,92 @@
# According to News from Egypt - Al-Masry Al-Youm Egypt's cabinet has
# decided that Daylight Saving Time will not be used in Egypt during
# Ramadan.
#
# Arabic translation:
-# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan--and then forward again"
-# <a href="http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again">
+# "Clocks to go back during Ramadan - and then forward again"
# http://www.almasryalyoum.com/en/news/clocks-go-back-during-ramadan-and-then-forward-again
-# </a>
-# or
-# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_egypt02.html
-# </a>
# From Ahmad El-Dardiry (2014-05-07):
# Egypt is to change back to Daylight system on May 15
# http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContent/1/64/100735/Egypt/Politics-/Egypts-government-to-reapply-daylight-saving-time-.aspx
# From Gunther Vermier (2015-05-13):
# our Egypt office confirms that the change will be at 15 May "midnight" (24:00)
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-05-13):
+# From Imed Chihi (2014-06-04):
+# We have finally "located" a precise official reference about the DST changes
+# in Egypt. The Ministers Cabinet decision is explained at
+# http://www.cabinet.gov.eg/Media/CabinetMeetingsDetails.aspx?id=347 ...
+# [T]his (Arabic) site is not accessible outside Egypt, but the page ...
+# translates into: "With regard to daylight saving time, it is scheduled to
+# take effect at exactly twelve o'clock this evening, Thursday, 15 MAY 2014,
+# to be suspended by twelve o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 26 JUN 2014,
+# and re-established again at the end of the month of Ramadan, at twelve
+# o'clock on the evening of Thursday, 31 JUL 2014." This statement has been
+# reproduced by other (more accessible) sites[, e.g.,]...
+# http://elgornal.net/news/news.aspx?id=4699258
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-04):
# Sarah El Deeb and Lee Keath of AP report that the Egyptian government says
# the change is because of blackouts in Cairo, even though Ahram Online (cited
-# above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption. The AP story says
-# DST will not be observed during Ramadan. There is no information about when
-# DST will end. See:
+# above) says DST had no affect on electricity consumption. There is
+# no information about when DST will end this fall. See:
# http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/el-sissi-pushes-egyptians-line-23614833
#
-# For now, guess that later transitions will use 2010's rules, and that
-# Egypt will agree with Morocco (see below) about the date Ramadan starts and
-# ends, though (unlike Morocco) it will switch at 00:00 standard time. In
-# Egypt the spring-forward transitions are removed for 2020-2022, when the
-# guessed spring-forward date falls during the estimated Ramadan, and all
-# transitions removed for 2023-2038, where the estimated Ramadan falls entirely
-# outside the guessed daylight-saving time. Ramadan intrudes on the guessed
-# DST starting in 2039, but that's beyond our somewhat-arbitrary cutoff.
-
-Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 23:00s 0 -
-Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 23:00s 0 -
-Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 11 0:00 0 -
-Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 10 0:00 1:00 S
-Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 -
+# For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use
+# 2010's rules, and guess that Egypt will switch to standard time at
+# 24:00 the last Thursday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 00:00 the
+# first Friday after Ramadan. To implement this,
+# transition dates for 2015 through 2037 were determined by running
+# the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3, with the results integrated
+# by hand into the table below. Ramadan again intrudes on the guessed
+# DST starting in 2038, but that's beyond our somewhat-arbitrary cutoff.
+# (let ((islamic-year 1436))
+# (while (< islamic-year 1460)
+# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year)))
+# (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))
+# (friday 5))
+# (while (/= friday (mod a 7))
+# (setq a (1- a)))
+# (while (/= friday (mod b 7))
+# (setq b (1+ b)))
+# (setq a (1- a))
+# (setq b (1- b))
+# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a))
+# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b))
+# (insert
+# (format
+# (concat "Rule\tEgypt\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t0\t-\n"
+# "Rule\tEgypt\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t24:00\t1:00\tS\n")
+# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a))
+# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b)))))
+# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year))))
+Rule Egypt 2008 only - Aug lastThu 24:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 2009 only - Aug 20 24:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 2010 only - Aug 10 24:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep 9 24:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 2010 only - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 -
Rule Egypt 2014 only - May 15 24:00 1:00 S
-Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jun 29 0:00s 0 -
-Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jul 29 0:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Egypt 2014 max - Sep lastThu 23:00s 0 -
+Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jun 26 24:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 2014 only - Jul 31 24:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 2014 max - Sep lastThu 24:00 0 -
Rule Egypt 2015 2019 - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Egypt 2015 only - Jun 18 0:00s 0 -
-Rule Egypt 2015 only - Jul 18 0:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Egypt 2016 only - Jun 7 0:00s 0 -
-Rule Egypt 2016 only - Jul 7 0:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Egypt 2017 only - May 27 0:00s 0 -
-Rule Egypt 2017 only - Jun 26 0:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Egypt 2018 only - May 16 0:00s 0 -
-Rule Egypt 2018 only - Jun 15 0:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Egypt 2019 only - May 6 0:00s 0 -
-Rule Egypt 2019 only - Jun 5 0:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Egypt 2020 only - May 24 0:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Egypt 2021 only - May 13 0:00s 1:00 S
-Rule Egypt 2022 only - May 3 0:00s 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 2015 only - Jun 11 24:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 2015 only - Jul 23 24:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 2016 only - Jun 2 24:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 2016 only - Jul 7 24:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 2017 only - May 25 24:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 2017 only - Jun 29 24:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 2018 only - May 10 24:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 2018 only - Jun 14 24:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 2019 only - May 2 24:00 0 -
+Rule Egypt 2019 only - Jun 6 24:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 2020 only - May 28 24:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 2021 only - May 13 24:00 1:00 S
+Rule Egypt 2022 only - May 5 24:00 1:00 S
Rule Egypt 2023 max - Apr lastFri 0:00s 1:00 S
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Cairo 2:05:09 - LMT 1900 Oct
2:00 Egypt EE%sT
@@ -423,14 +442,19 @@
2:35:32 - AMT 1890 # Asmara Mean Time
2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
3:00 - EAT
# Ethiopia
-# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
-# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time zones
-# between 1870 and 1890, and that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in 1890.
-# We'll guess that 38E50 is for Adis Dera.
+# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-31):
+# Like the Swahili of Kenya and Tanzania, many Ethiopians keep a
+# 12-hour clock starting at our 06:00, so their "8 o'clock" is our
+# 02:00 or 14:00. Keep this in mind when you ask the time in Amharic.
+#
+# Shanks & Pottenger write that Ethiopia had six narrowly-spaced time
+# zones between 1870 and 1890, that they merged to 38E50 (2:35:20) in
+# 1890, and that they switched to 3:00 on 1936-05-05. Perhaps 38E50
+# was for Adis Dera. Quite likely the Shanks data are wrong anyway.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Addis_Ababa 2:34:48 - LMT 1870
2:35:20 - ADMT 1936 May 5 # Adis Dera MT
3:00 - EAT
@@ -438,32 +462,28 @@
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Libreville 0:37:48 - LMT 1912
1:00 - WAT
# Gambia
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Africa/Banjul -1:06:36 - LMT 1912
- -1:06:36 - BMT 1935 # Banjul Mean Time
- -1:00 - WAT 1964
- 0:00 - GMT
+# See Africa/Abidjan.
# Ghana
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to ``the present'';
-# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST
-Rule Ghana 1936 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT
+# Whitman says DST was observed from 1931 to "the present";
+# Shanks & Pottenger say 1936 to 1942;
+# and September 1 to January 1 is given by:
+# Scott Keltie J, Epstein M (eds), The Statesman's Year-Book,
+# 57th ed. Macmillan, London (1920), OCLC 609408015, pp xxviii.
+# For lack of better info, assume DST was observed from 1920 to 1942.
+Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Sep 1 0:00 0:20 GHST
+Rule Ghana 1920 1942 - Dec 31 0:00 0 GMT
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Accra -0:00:52 - LMT 1918
0:00 Ghana %s
# Guinea
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Africa/Conakry -0:54:52 - LMT 1912
- 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
- -1:00 - WAT 1960
- 0:00 - GMT
+# See Africa/Abidjan.
# Guinea-Bissau
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Bissau -1:02:20 - LMT 1911 May 26
-1:00 - WAT 1975
@@ -567,22 +587,12 @@
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Blantyre 2:20:00 - LMT 1903 Mar
2:00 - CAT
# Mali
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Africa/Bamako -0:32:00 - LMT 1912
- 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
- -1:00 - WAT 1960 Jun 20
- 0:00 - GMT
-
# Mauritania
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Africa/Nouakchott -1:03:48 - LMT 1912
- 0:00 - GMT 1934 Feb 26
- -1:00 - WAT 1960 Nov 28
- 0:00 - GMT
+# See Africa/Abidjan.
# Mauritius
# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-06-25):
# Mauritius plans to observe DST from 2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31 on a trial
@@ -602,13 +612,11 @@
# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30):
# Follow Thorsen on DST in 1982/1983, instead of Shanks & Pottenger.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-07-10):
# According to
-# <a href="http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216">
# http://www.lexpress.mu/display_article.php?news_id=111216
-# </a>
# (in French), Mauritius will start and end their DST a few days earlier
# than previously announced (2008-11-01 to 2009-03-31). The new start
# date is 2008-10-26 at 02:00 and the new end date is 2009-03-27 (no time
# given, but it is probably at either 2 or 3 wall clock time).
#
@@ -623,58 +631,45 @@
# Seems that English language article "The revival of daylight saving
# time: Energy conservation?"-# No. 16578 (07/11/2008) was originally
# published on Monday, June 30, 2008...
#
# I guess that article in French "Le gouvernement avance l'introduction
-# de l'heure d'ete" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26
-# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one.
-# ...
-# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html">
+# de l'heure d'été" stating that DST in Mauritius starting on October 26
+# and ending on March 27, 2009 is the most recent one....
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mauritius02.html
-# </a>
# From Riad M. Hossen Ally (2008-08-03):
# The Government of Mauritius weblink
-# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD">
# http://www.gov.mu/portal/site/pmosite/menuitem.4ca0efdee47462e7440a600248a521ca/?content_id=4728ca68b2a5b110VgnVCM1000000a04a8c0RCRD
-# </a>
# Cabinet Decision of July 18th, 2008 states as follows:
#
# 4. ...Cabinet has agreed to the introduction into the National Assembly
# of the Time Bill which provides for the introduction of summer time in
# Mauritius. The summer time period which will be of one hour ahead of
# the standard time, will be aligned with that in Europe and the United
# States of America. It will start at two o'clock in the morning on the
# last Sunday of October and will end at two o'clock in the morning on
# the last Sunday of March the following year. The summer time for the
-# year 2008 - 2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008
+# year 2008-2009 will, therefore, be effective as from 26 October 2008
# and end on 29 March 2009.
# From Ed Maste (2008-10-07):
# THE TIME BILL (No. XXVII of 2008) Explanatory Memorandum states the
# beginning / ending of summer time is 2 o'clock standard time in the
# morning of the last Sunday of October / last Sunday of March.
-# <a href="http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf">
# http://www.gov.mu/portal/goc/assemblysite/file/bill2708.pdf
-# </a>
# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-06-05):
# According to several sources, Mauritius will not continue to observe
# DST the coming summer...
#
# Some sources, in French:
-# <a href="http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB">
# http://www.defimedia.info/news/946/Rashid-Beebeejaun-:-%C2%AB-L%E2%80%99heure-d%E2%80%99%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ne-sera-pas-appliqu%C3%A9e-cette-ann%C3%A9e-%C2%BB
-# </a>
-# <a href="http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-">
# http://lexpress.mu/Story/3398~Beebeejaun---Les-objectifs-d-%C3%A9conomie-d-%C3%A9nergie-de-l-heure-d-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-ont-%C3%A9t%C3%A9-atteints-
-# </a>
#
# Our wrap-up:
-# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat.html
-# </a>
# From Arthur David Olson (2009-07-11):
# The "mauritius-dst-will-not-repeat" wrapup includes this:
# "The trial ended on March 29, 2009, when the clocks moved back by one hour
# at 2am (or 02:00) local time..."
@@ -694,214 +689,156 @@
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Indian/Mayotte 3:00:56 - LMT 1911 Jul # Mamoutzou
3:00 - EAT
# Morocco
-# See the `europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
+# See the 'europe' file for Spanish Morocco (Africa/Ceuta).
# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
# Here is an article that Morocco plan to introduce Daylight Saving Time between
# 1 June, 2008 and 27 September, 2008.
#
# "... Morocco is to save energy by adjusting its clock during summer so it will
# be one hour ahead of GMT between 1 June and 27 September, according to
-# Communication Minister and Gov ernment Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...."
+# Communication Minister and Government Spokesman, Khalid Naciri...."
#
-# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_morocco01.html
-# </a>
-# OR
-# <a href="http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html">
# http://en.afrik.com/news11892.html
-# </a>
# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-05-09):
# The Morocco time change can be confirmed on Morocco web site Maghreb Arabe Presse:
-# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view">
# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/box3/morocco_shifts_to_da/view
-# </a>
#
# Morocco shifts to daylight time on June 1st through September 27, Govt.
# spokesman.
# From Patrice Scattolin (2008-05-09):
# According to this article:
-# <a href="http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html">
# http://www.avmaroc.com/actualite/heure-dete-comment-a127896.html
-# </a>
-# (and republished here:
-# <a href="http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html">
-# http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html
-# </a>
-# )
-# the changes occurs at midnight:
-#
-# saturday night may 31st at midnight (which in french is to be
-# intrepreted as the night between saturday and sunday)
-# sunday night the 28th at midnight
-#
-# Seeing that the 28th is monday, I am guessing that she intends to say
-# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between sunday and
-# monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive
-# june1st to sept 27th.
+# (and republished here: <http://www.actu.ma/heure-dete-comment_i127896_0.html>)
+# the changes occur at midnight:
+#
+# Saturday night May 31st at midnight (which in French is to be
+# interpreted as the night between Saturday and Sunday)
+# Sunday night the 28th at midnight
+#
+# Seeing that the 28th is Monday, I am guessing that she intends to say
+# the midnight of the 28th which is the midnight between Sunday and
+# Monday, which jives with other sources that say that it's inclusive
+# June 1st to Sept 27th.
#
# The decision was taken by decree *2-08-224 *but I can't find the decree
# published on the web.
#
# It's also confirmed here:
-# <a href="http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm">
# http://www.maroc.ma/NR/exeres/FACF141F-D910-44B0-B7FA-6E03733425D1.htm
-# </a>
-# on a government portal as being between june 1st and sept 27th (not yet
-# posted in english).
+# on a government portal as being between June 1st and Sept 27th (not yet
+# posted in English).
#
-# The following google query will generate many relevant hits:
-# <a href="http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search">
+# The following Google query will generate many relevant hits:
# http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=Conseil+de+gouvernement+maroc+heure+avance&btnG=Search
-# </a>
# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-27):
# Morocco will change the clocks back on the midnight between August 31
# and September 1. They originally planned to observe DST to near the end
# of September:
#
# One article about it (in French):
-# <a href="http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default">
# http://www.menara.ma/fr/Actualites/Maroc/Societe/ci.retour_a_l_heure_gmt_a_partir_du_dimanche_31_aout_a_minuit_officiel_.default
-# </a>
#
# We have some further details posted here:
-# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-ends-dst-early-2008.html
-# </a>
# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-17):
# Morocco will observe DST from 2009-06-01 00:00 to 2009-08-21 00:00 according
# to many sources, such as
-# <a href="http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html">
# http://news.marweb.com/morocco/entertainment/morocco-daylight-saving.html
-# </a>
-# <a href="http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312">
# http://www.medi1sat.ma/fr/depeche.aspx?idp=2312
-# </a>
# (French)
#
# Our summary:
-# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2009.html
-# </a>
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17):
# Here is a link to official document from Royaume du Maroc Premier Ministre,
-# Ministere de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics
+# Ministère de la Modernisation des Secteurs Publics
#
# Under Article 1 of Royal Decree No. 455-67 of Act 23 safar 1387 (2 june 1967)
# concerning the amendment of the legal time, the Ministry of Modernization of
# Public Sectors announced that the official time in the Kingdom will be
# advanced 60 minutes from Sunday 31 May 2009 at midnight.
#
-# <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf">
# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/francais/Actualites_fr/PDF_Actualites_Fr/HeureEte_FR.pdf
-# </a>
-#
-# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco03.html
-# </a>
# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-04-13):
# Several news media in Morocco report that the Ministry of Modernization
# of Public Sectors has announced that Morocco will have DST from
# 2010-05-02 to 2010-08-08.
#
# Example:
-# <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html">
# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualites/4099-le-maroc-passera-a-l-heure-d-ete-gmt1-le-2-mai.html
-# </a>
# (French)
# Our page:
-# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/morocco-starts-dst-2010.html
-# </a>
# From Dan Abitol (2011-03-30):
# ...Rules for Africa/Casablanca are the following (24h format)
# The 3rd april 2011 at 00:00:00, [it] will be 3rd april 1:00:00
# The 31th july 2011 at 00:59:59, [it] will be 31th July 00:00:00
# ...Official links of change in morocco
# The change was broadcast on the FM Radio
# I ve called ANRT (telecom regulations in Morocco) at
# +212.537.71.84.00
-# <a href="http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/">
# http://www.anrt.net.ma/fr/
-# </a>
# They said that
-# <a href="http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view">
# http://www.map.ma/fr/sections/accueil/l_heure_legale_au_ma/view
-# </a>
# is the official publication to look at.
# They said that the decision was already taken.
#
# More articles in the press
-# <a href="http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev">
-# http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-lev
-# </a>
-# e.html
-# <a href="http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923">
+# http://www.yabiladi.com/articles/details/5058/secret-l-heure-d-ete-maroc-leve.html
# http://www.lematin.ma/Actualite/Express/Article.asp?id=148923
-# </a>
-# <a href="http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim">
# http://www.lavieeco.com/actualite/Le-Maroc-passe-sur-GMT%2B1-a-partir-de-dim
-# anche-prochain-5538.html
-# </a>
# From Petr Machata (2011-03-30):
# They have it written in English here:
-# <a href="http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view">
# http://www.map.ma/eng/sections/home/morocco_to_spring_fo/view
-# </a>
#
# It says there that "Morocco will resume its standard time on July 31,
# 2011 at midnight." Now they don't say whether they mean midnight of
# wall clock time (i.e. 11pm UTC), but that's what I would assume. It has
# also been like that in the past.
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2012-03-09):
-# According to Infomédiaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma),
-# on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure légale:
-# Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'été
-# <a href="http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9">
+# According to Infomédiaire web site from Morocco (infomediaire.ma),
+# on March 9, 2012, (in French) Heure légale:
+# Le Maroc adopte officiellement l'heure d'été
# http://www.infomediaire.ma/news/maroc/heure-l%C3%A9gale-le-maroc-adopte-officiellement-lheure-d%C3%A9t%C3%A9
-# </a>
# Governing Council adopted draft decree, that Morocco DST starts on
# the last Sunday of March (March 25, 2012) and ends on
# last Sunday of September (September 30, 2012)
# except the month of Ramadan.
# or (brief)
-# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_morocco06.html
-# </a>
# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-10):
# The infomediaire.ma source indicates that the system is to be in
# effect every year. It gives 03H00 as the "fall back" time of day;
# it lacks a "spring forward" time of day; assume 2:00 XXX.
# Wait on specifying the Ramadan exception for details about
# start date, start time of day, end date, and end time of day XXX.
# From Christophe Tropamer (2012-03-16):
# Seen Morocco change again:
-# <a href="http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php">
# http://www.le2uminutes.com/actualite.php
-# </a>
-# "...à partir du dernier dimance d'avril et non fins mars,
-# comme annoncé précédemment."
+# "...à partir du dernier dimanche d'avril et non fins mars,
+# comme annoncé précédemment."
# From Milamber Space Network (2012-07-17):
# The official return to GMT is announced by the Moroccan government:
-# <a href="http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288">
# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=288 [in French]
-# </a>
#
# Google translation, lightly edited:
# Back to the standard time of the Kingdom (GMT)
# Pursuant to Decree No. 2-12-126 issued on 26 Jumada (I) 1433 (April 18,
# 2012) and in accordance with the order of Mr. President of the
@@ -935,43 +872,40 @@
# http://www.lemag.ma/Heure-d-ete-au-Maroc-jusqu-au-27-octobre_a75620.html
# From Sebastien Willemijns (2014-03-18):
# http://www.afriquinfos.com/articles/2014/3/18/maroc-heure-dete-avancez-tous-horloges-247891.asp
-# From Paul Eggert (2014-03-19):
-# To estimate what the Moroccan government will do in future years,
-# transition dates for 2014 through 2038 were determined by running
-# the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3:
-#
-# (let ((islamic-year 1435))
-# (while (< islamic-year 1461)
-# (let ((a
-# (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute
-# (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year))))
-# (b
-# (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute
-# (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))))
+# From Milamber Space Network (2014-06-05):
+# The Moroccan government has recently announced that the country will return
+# to standard time at 03:00 on Saturday, June 28, 2014 local time.... DST
+# will resume again at 02:00 on Saturday, August 2, 2014....
+# http://www.mmsp.gov.ma/fr/actualites.aspx?id=586
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-05):
+# For now, guess that later spring and fall transitions will use 2014's rules,
+# and guess that Morocco will switch to standard time at 03:00 the last
+# Saturday before Ramadan, and back to DST at 02:00 the first Saturday after
+# Ramadan. To implement this, transition dates for 2015 through 2037 were
+# determined by running the following program under GNU Emacs 24.3, with the
+# results integrated by hand into the table below.
+# (let ((islamic-year 1436))
+# (while (< islamic-year 1460)
+# (let ((a (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 9 1 islamic-year)))
+# (b (calendar-islamic-to-absolute (list 10 1 islamic-year)))
+# (saturday 6))
+# (while (/= saturday (mod (setq a (1- a)) 7)))
+# (while (/= saturday (mod b 7))
+# (setq b (1+ b)))
+# (setq a (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute a))
+# (setq b (calendar-gregorian-from-absolute b))
# (insert
# (format
-# (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t %2d\t 3:00\t0\t-\n"
-# "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t %2d\t 2:00\t1:00\tS\n")
+# (concat "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 3:00\t0\t-\n"
+# "Rule\tMorocco\t%d\tonly\t-\t%s\t%2d\t 2:00\t1:00\tS\n")
# (car (cdr (cdr a))) (calendar-month-name (car a) t) (car (cdr a))
# (car (cdr (cdr b))) (calendar-month-name (car b) t) (car (cdr b)))))
# (setq islamic-year (+ 1 islamic-year))))
-#
-# with spring-forward transitions removed for 2023-2025, when the
-# normal spring-forward date falls during the estimated Ramadan; with
-# all transitions removed for 2026-2035, where the estimated Ramadan
-# falls entirely outside daylight-saving time; and with fall-back
-# transitions removed for 2036-2037, where the normal fall-back
-# date falls during the estimated Ramadan. Normally, the table would
-# stop after 2037 because 32-bit time_t values roll around early in 2038,
-# but that would imply a prediction of perpetual DST after March 2038
-# due to the year-2037 glitches. So, this table instead stops after
-# 2038, the first non-glitchy year after the 32-bit rollover.
-# An advantage of stopping after 2038 is that it lets zic guess
-# TZ='WET0WEST,M3.5.0,M10.5.0/3' for time stamps far in the future.
# RULE NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Morocco 1939 only - Sep 12 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Morocco 1939 only - Nov 19 0:00 0 -
@@ -1000,39 +934,37 @@
Rule Morocco 2012 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
Rule Morocco 2012 only - Jul 20 3:00 0 -
Rule Morocco 2012 only - Aug 20 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Morocco 2013 only - Jul 7 3:00 0 -
Rule Morocco 2013 only - Aug 10 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Morocco 2013 2035 - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 2013 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 -
Rule Morocco 2014 2022 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 29 3:00 0 -
-Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jul 29 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 18 3:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 2014 only - Jun 28 3:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 2014 only - Aug 2 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jun 13 3:00 0 -
Rule Morocco 2015 only - Jul 18 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 7 3:00 0 -
-Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 7 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Morocco 2017 only - May 27 3:00 0 -
-Rule Morocco 2017 only - Jun 26 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Morocco 2018 only - May 16 3:00 0 -
-Rule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 15 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Morocco 2019 only - May 6 3:00 0 -
-Rule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 5 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 24 3:00 0 -
-Rule Morocco 2020 only - May 24 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 13 3:00 0 -
-Rule Morocco 2021 only - May 13 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Morocco 2022 only - Apr 3 3:00 0 -
-Rule Morocco 2022 only - May 3 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jun 4 3:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 2016 only - Jul 9 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 2017 only - May 20 3:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 2017 only - Jul 1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 2018 only - May 12 3:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 2018 only - Jun 16 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 2019 only - May 4 3:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 2019 only - Jun 8 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 2020 only - Apr 18 3:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 2020 only - May 30 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 2021 only - Apr 10 3:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 2021 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 2022 only - Apr 2 3:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 2022 only - May 7 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Morocco 2023 only - Apr 22 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 10 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Morocco 2025 only - Mar 31 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 2024 only - Apr 13 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Morocco 2025 only - Apr 5 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Morocco 2026 max - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 21 3:00 0 -
-Rule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 11 3:00 0 -
-Rule Morocco 2038 only - Sep 30 3:00 0 -
-Rule Morocco 2038 only - Oct 30 2:00 1:00 S
-Rule Morocco 2038 max - Oct lastSun 3:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 2035 only - Oct 27 3:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 2036 only - Oct 18 3:00 0 -
+Rule Morocco 2037 only - Oct 10 3:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Casablanca -0:30:20 - LMT 1913 Oct 26
0:00 Morocco WE%sT 1984 Mar 16
1:00 - CET 1986
@@ -1047,11 +979,11 @@
#
# From Paul Eggert (2013-10-23):
# Assume that this has been true since Western Sahara switched to GMT,
# since most of it was then controlled by Morocco.
-Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan
+Zone Africa/El_Aaiun -0:52:48 - LMT 1934 Jan # El Aaiún
-1:00 - WAT 1976 Apr 14
0:00 Morocco WE%sT
# Mozambique
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
@@ -1097,19 +1029,21 @@
# Nigeria
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Lagos 0:13:36 - LMT 1919 Sep
1:00 - WAT
-# Reunion
+# Réunion
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Indian/Reunion 3:41:52 - LMT 1911 Jun # Saint-Denis
- 4:00 - RET # Reunion Time
+ 4:00 - RET # Réunion Time
+#
+# Crozet Islands also observes Réunion time; see the 'antarctica' file.
#
-# Scattered Islands (Iles Eparses) administered from Reunion are as follows.
+# Scattered Islands (Îles Éparses) administered from Réunion are as follows.
# The following information about them is taken from
-# Iles Eparses (www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm, 1997-07-22, in French;
-# no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
+# Îles Éparses (<http://www.outre-mer.gouv.fr/domtom/ile.htm>, 1997-07-22,
+# in French; no longer available as of 1999-08-17).
# We have no info about their time zone histories.
#
# Bassas da India - uninhabited
# Europa Island - inhabited from 1905 to 1910 by two families
# Glorioso Is - inhabited until at least 1958
@@ -1120,32 +1054,21 @@
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Kigali 2:00:16 - LMT 1935 Jun
2:00 - CAT
# St Helena
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Atlantic/St_Helena -0:22:48 - LMT 1890 # Jamestown
- -0:22:48 - JMT 1951 # Jamestown Mean Time
- 0:00 - GMT
+# See Africa/Abidjan.
# The other parts of the St Helena territory are similar:
# Tristan da Cunha: on GMT, say Whitman and the CIA
-# Ascension: on GMT, says usno1995 and the CIA
+# Ascension: on GMT, say the USNO (1995-12-21) and the CIA
# Gough (scientific station since 1955; sealers wintered previously):
# on GMT, says the CIA
-# Inaccessible, Nightingale: no information, but probably GMT
-
-# Sao Tome and Principe
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Africa/Sao_Tome 0:26:56 - LMT 1884
- -0:36:32 - LMT 1912 # Lisbon Mean Time
- 0:00 - GMT
+# Inaccessible, Nightingale: uninhabited
+# São Tomé and Príncipe
# Senegal
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Africa/Dakar -1:09:44 - LMT 1912
- -1:00 - WAT 1941 Jun
- 0:00 - GMT
+# See Africa/Abidjan.
# Seychelles
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Indian/Mahe 3:41:48 - LMT 1906 Jun # Victoria
4:00 - SCT # Seychelles Time
@@ -1155,21 +1078,11 @@
# in 1965 and returned to Seychelles control in 1976. We don't know
# whether this affected their time zone, so omit this for now.
# Possibly the islands were uninhabited.
# Sierra Leone
-# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-# Whitman gives Mar 31 - Aug 31 for 1931 on; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
-Rule SL 1935 1942 - Jun 1 0:00 0:40 SLST
-Rule SL 1935 1942 - Oct 1 0:00 0 WAT
-Rule SL 1957 1962 - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 SLST
-Rule SL 1957 1962 - Sep 1 0:00 0 GMT
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Africa/Freetown -0:53:00 - LMT 1882
- -0:53:00 - FMT 1913 Jun # Freetown Mean Time
- -1:00 SL %s 1957
- 0:00 SL %s
+# See Africa/Abidjan.
# Somalia
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone Africa/Mogadishu 3:01:28 - LMT 1893 Nov
3:00 - EAT 1931
@@ -1188,13 +1101,13 @@
# scientific station since 1947
# no information
# Sudan
#
-# From <a href="http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html">
-# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13)
-# </a>, also reported by Michael De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen:
+# From <http://www.sunanews.net/sn13jane.html>
+# Sudan News Agency (2000-01-13),
+# also reported by Michaël De Beukelaer-Dossche via Steffen Thorsen:
# Clocks will be moved ahead for 60 minutes all over the Sudan as of noon
# Saturday.... This was announced Thursday by Caretaker State Minister for
# Manpower Abdul-Rahman Nur-Eddin.
#
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
@@ -1221,27 +1134,25 @@
3:00 - EAT 1948
2:45 - BEAUT 1961
3:00 - EAT
# Togo
-# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone Africa/Lome 0:04:52 - LMT 1893
- 0:00 - GMT
+# See Africa/Abidjan.
# Tunisia
# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-30):
-# My correspondent, Risto Nykanen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST,
+# My correspondent, Risto Nykänen, has alerted me to another adoption of DST,
# this time in Tunisia. According to Yahoo France News
# <http://fr.news.yahoo.com/050426/5/4dumk.html>, in a story attributed to AP
# and dated 2005-04-26, "Tunisia has decided to advance its official time by
# one hour, starting on Sunday, May 1. Henceforth, Tunisian time will be
# UTC+2 instead of UTC+1. The change will take place at 23:00 UTC next
# Saturday." (My translation)
#
# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2005-05-02):
-# LaPresse, the first national daily newspaper ...
+# La Presse, the first national daily newspaper ...
# <http://www.lapresse.tn/archives/archives280405/actualites/lheure.html>
# ... DST for 2005: on: Sun May 1 0h standard time, off: Fri Sept. 30,
# 1h standard time.
#
# From Atef Loukil (2006-03-28):
@@ -1251,43 +1162,34 @@
# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=1188&Itemid=50
# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-16):
# According to several news sources, Tunisia will not observe DST this year.
# (Arabic)
-# <a href="http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546">
# http://www.elbashayer.com/?page=viewn&nid=42546
-# </a>
-# <a href="http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp">
# http://www.babnet.net/kiwidetail-15295.asp
-# </a>
#
# We have also confirmed this with the US embassy in Tunisia.
# We have a wrap-up about this on the following page:
-# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html">
# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/tunisia-cancels-dst-2009.html
-# </a>
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-17):
# Here is a link to Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency
#
# Standard time to be kept the whole year long (tap.info.tn):
#
# (in English)
-# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157">
# http://www.tap.info.tn/en/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=26813&Itemid=157
-# </a>
#
# (in Arabic)
-# <a href="http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1">
# http://www.tap.info.tn/ar/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=61240&Itemid=1
-# </a>
-# From Arthur David Olson (2009--3-18):
-# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is due to the fact
-# that the fasting month of ramadan coincides with the period concerned by summer time.
-# Therefore, the standard time will be kept unchanged the whole year long."
-# So foregoing DST seems to be an exception (albeit one that may be repeated in the future).
+# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-18):
+# The Tunis Afrique Presse News Agency notice contains this: "This measure is
+# due to the fact that the fasting month of Ramadan coincides with the period
+# concerned by summer time. Therefore, the standard time will be kept
+# unchanged the whole year long." So foregoing DST seems to be an exception
+# (albeit one that may be repeated in the future).
# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-03-27):
# According to some news reports Tunis confirmed not to use DST in 2010
#
# (translation):
@@ -1295,16 +1197,12 @@
# Sunday...
# Tunisian authorities had suspended the DST for the first time last year also
# coincided with the month of Ramadan..."
#
# (in Arabic)
-# <a href="http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1">
# http://www.moheet.com/show_news.aspx?nid=358861&pg=1
-# <a href="http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036">
# http://www.almadenahnews.com/newss/news.php?c=118&id=38036
-# or
-# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html">
# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_tunis02.html
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Apr 15 23:00s 1:00 S
Rule Tunisia 1939 only - Nov 18 23:00s 0 -