1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/metadataOnStackMark.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  32 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
  33 #include "memory/heapInspection.hpp"
  34 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
  35 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  36 #include "oops/constantPool.hpp"
  37 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  38 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
  39 #include "runtime/fieldType.hpp"
  40 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
  41 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  42 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
  43 #include "runtime/vframe.hpp"
  44 
  45 PRAGMA_FORMAT_MUTE_WARNINGS_FOR_GCC
  46 
  47 ConstantPool* ConstantPool::allocate(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int length, TRAPS) {
  48   // Tags are RW but comment below applies to tags also.
  49   Array<u1>* tags = MetadataFactory::new_writeable_array<u1>(loader_data, length, 0, CHECK_NULL);
  50 
  51   int size = ConstantPool::size(length);
  52 
  53   // CDS considerations:
  54   // Allocate read-write but may be able to move to read-only at dumping time
  55   // if all the klasses are resolved.  The only other field that is writable is
  56   // the resolved_references array, which is recreated at startup time.
  57   // But that could be moved to InstanceKlass (although a pain to access from
  58   // assembly code).  Maybe it could be moved to the cpCache which is RW.
  59   return new (loader_data, size, false, MetaspaceObj::ConstantPoolType, THREAD) ConstantPool(tags);
  60 }
  61 
  62 ConstantPool::ConstantPool(Array<u1>* tags) {
  63   set_length(tags->length());
  64   set_tags(NULL);
  65   set_cache(NULL);
  66   set_reference_map(NULL);
  67   set_resolved_references(NULL);
  68   set_operands(NULL);
  69   set_pool_holder(NULL);
  70   set_flags(0);
  71 
  72   // only set to non-zero if constant pool is merged by RedefineClasses
  73   set_version(0);
  74   set_lock(new Monitor(Monitor::nonleaf + 2, "A constant pool lock"));
  75 
  76   // initialize tag array
  77   int length = tags->length();
  78   for (int index = 0; index < length; index++) {
  79     tags->at_put(index, JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid);
  80   }
  81   set_tags(tags);
  82 }
  83 
  84 void ConstantPool::deallocate_contents(ClassLoaderData* loader_data) {
  85   MetadataFactory::free_metadata(loader_data, cache());
  86   set_cache(NULL);
  87   MetadataFactory::free_array<u2>(loader_data, reference_map());
  88   set_reference_map(NULL);
  89 
  90   MetadataFactory::free_array<jushort>(loader_data, operands());
  91   set_operands(NULL);
  92 
  93   release_C_heap_structures();
  94 
  95   // free tag array
  96   MetadataFactory::free_array<u1>(loader_data, tags());
  97   set_tags(NULL);
  98 }
  99 
 100 void ConstantPool::release_C_heap_structures() {
 101   // walk constant pool and decrement symbol reference counts
 102   unreference_symbols();
 103 
 104   delete _lock;
 105   set_lock(NULL);
 106 }
 107 
 108 objArrayOop ConstantPool::resolved_references() const {
 109   return (objArrayOop)JNIHandles::resolve(_resolved_references);
 110 }
 111 
 112 // Create resolved_references array and mapping array for original cp indexes
 113 // The ldc bytecode was rewritten to have the resolved reference array index so need a way
 114 // to map it back for resolving and some unlikely miscellaneous uses.
 115 // The objects created by invokedynamic are appended to this list.
 116 void ConstantPool::initialize_resolved_references(ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
 117                                                   intStack reference_map,
 118                                                   int constant_pool_map_length,
 119                                                   TRAPS) {
 120   // Initialized the resolved object cache.
 121   int map_length = reference_map.length();
 122   if (map_length > 0) {
 123     // Only need mapping back to constant pool entries.  The map isn't used for
 124     // invokedynamic resolved_reference entries.  For invokedynamic entries,
 125     // the constant pool cache index has the mapping back to both the constant
 126     // pool and to the resolved reference index.
 127     if (constant_pool_map_length > 0) {
 128       Array<u2>* om = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, constant_pool_map_length, CHECK);
 129 
 130       for (int i = 0; i < constant_pool_map_length; i++) {
 131         int x = reference_map.at(i);
 132         assert(x == (int)(jushort) x, "klass index is too big");
 133         om->at_put(i, (jushort)x);
 134       }
 135       set_reference_map(om);
 136     }
 137 
 138     // Create Java array for holding resolved strings, methodHandles,
 139     // methodTypes, invokedynamic and invokehandle appendix objects, etc.
 140     objArrayOop stom = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
 141     Handle refs_handle (THREAD, (oop)stom);  // must handleize.
 142     set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 143   }
 144 }
 145 
 146 // CDS support. Create a new resolved_references array.
 147 void ConstantPool::restore_unshareable_info(TRAPS) {
 148 
 149   // Only create the new resolved references array and lock if it hasn't been
 150   // attempted before
 151   if (resolved_references() != NULL) return;
 152 
 153   // restore the C++ vtable from the shared archive
 154   restore_vtable();
 155 
 156   if (SystemDictionary::Object_klass_loaded()) {
 157     // Recreate the object array and add to ClassLoaderData.
 158     int map_length = resolved_reference_length();
 159     if (map_length > 0) {
 160       objArrayOop stom = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
 161       Handle refs_handle (THREAD, (oop)stom);  // must handleize.
 162 
 163       ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
 164       set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 165     }
 166 
 167     // Also need to recreate the mutex.  Make sure this matches the constructor
 168     set_lock(new Monitor(Monitor::nonleaf + 2, "A constant pool lock"));
 169   }
 170 }
 171 
 172 void ConstantPool::remove_unshareable_info() {
 173   // Resolved references are not in the shared archive.
 174   // Save the length for restoration.  It is not necessarily the same length
 175   // as reference_map.length() if invokedynamic is saved.
 176   set_resolved_reference_length(
 177     resolved_references() != NULL ? resolved_references()->length() : 0);
 178   set_resolved_references(NULL);
 179   set_lock(NULL);
 180 }
 181 
 182 int ConstantPool::cp_to_object_index(int cp_index) {
 183   // this is harder don't do this so much.
 184   int i = reference_map()->find(cp_index);
 185   // We might not find the index for jsr292 call.
 186   return (i < 0) ? _no_index_sentinel : i;
 187 }
 188 
 189 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_at_impl(constantPoolHandle this_oop, int which, TRAPS) {
 190   // A resolved constantPool entry will contain a Klass*, otherwise a Symbol*.
 191   // It is not safe to rely on the tag bit's here, since we don't have a lock, and the entry and
 192   // tag is not updated atomicly.
 193 
 194   CPSlot entry = this_oop->slot_at(which);
 195   if (entry.is_resolved()) {
 196     assert(entry.get_klass()->is_klass(), "must be");
 197     // Already resolved - return entry.
 198     return entry.get_klass();
 199   }
 200 
 201   // Acquire lock on constant oop while doing update. After we get the lock, we check if another object
 202   // already has updated the object
 203   assert(THREAD->is_Java_thread(), "must be a Java thread");
 204   bool do_resolve = false;
 205   bool in_error = false;
 206 
 207   // Create a handle for the mirror. This will preserve the resolved class
 208   // until the loader_data is registered.
 209   Handle mirror_handle;
 210 
 211   Symbol* name = NULL;
 212   Handle       loader;
 213   {  MonitorLockerEx ml(this_oop->lock());
 214 
 215     if (this_oop->tag_at(which).is_unresolved_klass()) {
 216       if (this_oop->tag_at(which).is_unresolved_klass_in_error()) {
 217         in_error = true;
 218       } else {
 219         do_resolve = true;
 220         name   = this_oop->unresolved_klass_at(which);
 221         loader = Handle(THREAD, this_oop->pool_holder()->class_loader());
 222       }
 223     }
 224   } // unlocking constantPool
 225 
 226 
 227   // The original attempt to resolve this constant pool entry failed so find the
 228   // original error and throw it again (JVMS 5.4.3).
 229   if (in_error) {
 230     Symbol* error = SystemDictionary::find_resolution_error(this_oop, which);
 231     guarantee(error != (Symbol*)NULL, "tag mismatch with resolution error table");
 232     ResourceMark rm;
 233     // exception text will be the class name
 234     const char* className = this_oop->unresolved_klass_at(which)->as_C_string();
 235     THROW_MSG_0(error, className);
 236   }
 237 
 238   if (do_resolve) {
 239     // this_oop must be unlocked during resolve_or_fail
 240     oop protection_domain = this_oop->pool_holder()->protection_domain();
 241     Handle h_prot (THREAD, protection_domain);
 242     Klass* k_oop = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(name, loader, h_prot, true, THREAD);
 243     KlassHandle k;
 244     if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 245       k = KlassHandle(THREAD, k_oop);
 246       // preserve the resolved klass.
 247       mirror_handle = Handle(THREAD, k_oop->java_mirror());
 248       // Do access check for klasses
 249       verify_constant_pool_resolve(this_oop, k, THREAD);
 250     }
 251 
 252     // Failed to resolve class. We must record the errors so that subsequent attempts
 253     // to resolve this constant pool entry fail with the same error (JVMS 5.4.3).
 254     if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 255       ResourceMark rm;
 256       Symbol* error = PENDING_EXCEPTION->klass()->name();
 257 
 258       bool throw_orig_error = false;
 259       {
 260         MonitorLockerEx ml(this_oop->lock());
 261 
 262         // some other thread has beaten us and has resolved the class.
 263         if (this_oop->tag_at(which).is_klass()) {
 264           CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 265           entry = this_oop->resolved_klass_at(which);
 266           return entry.get_klass();
 267         }
 268 
 269         if (!PENDING_EXCEPTION->
 270               is_a(SystemDictionary::LinkageError_klass())) {
 271           // Just throw the exception and don't prevent these classes from
 272           // being loaded due to virtual machine errors like StackOverflow
 273           // and OutOfMemoryError, etc, or if the thread was hit by stop()
 274           // Needs clarification to section 5.4.3 of the VM spec (see 6308271)
 275         }
 276         else if (!this_oop->tag_at(which).is_unresolved_klass_in_error()) {
 277           SystemDictionary::add_resolution_error(this_oop, which, error);
 278           this_oop->tag_at_put(which, JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError);
 279         } else {
 280           // some other thread has put the class in error state.
 281           error = SystemDictionary::find_resolution_error(this_oop, which);
 282           assert(error != NULL, "checking");
 283           throw_orig_error = true;
 284         }
 285       } // unlocked
 286 
 287       if (throw_orig_error) {
 288         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 289         ResourceMark rm;
 290         const char* className = this_oop->unresolved_klass_at(which)->as_C_string();
 291         THROW_MSG_0(error, className);
 292       }
 293 
 294       return 0;
 295     }
 296 
 297     if (TraceClassResolution && !k()->oop_is_array()) {
 298       // skip resolving the constant pool so that this code get's
 299       // called the next time some bytecodes refer to this class.
 300       ResourceMark rm;
 301       int line_number = -1;
 302       const char * source_file = NULL;
 303       if (JavaThread::current()->has_last_Java_frame()) {
 304         // try to identify the method which called this function.
 305         vframeStream vfst(JavaThread::current());
 306         if (!vfst.at_end()) {
 307           line_number = vfst.method()->line_number_from_bci(vfst.bci());
 308           Symbol* s = vfst.method()->method_holder()->source_file_name();
 309           if (s != NULL) {
 310             source_file = s->as_C_string();
 311           }
 312         }
 313       }
 314       if (k() != this_oop->pool_holder()) {
 315         // only print something if the classes are different
 316         if (source_file != NULL) {
 317           tty->print("RESOLVE %s %s %s:%d\n",
 318                      this_oop->pool_holder()->external_name(),
 319                      InstanceKlass::cast(k())->external_name(), source_file, line_number);
 320         } else {
 321           tty->print("RESOLVE %s %s\n",
 322                      this_oop->pool_holder()->external_name(),
 323                      InstanceKlass::cast(k())->external_name());
 324         }
 325       }
 326       return k();
 327     } else {
 328       MonitorLockerEx ml(this_oop->lock());
 329       // Only updated constant pool - if it is resolved.
 330       do_resolve = this_oop->tag_at(which).is_unresolved_klass();
 331       if (do_resolve) {
 332         ClassLoaderData* this_key = this_oop->pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
 333         this_key->record_dependency(k(), CHECK_NULL); // Can throw OOM
 334         this_oop->klass_at_put(which, k());
 335       }
 336     }
 337   }
 338 
 339   entry = this_oop->resolved_klass_at(which);
 340   assert(entry.is_resolved() && entry.get_klass()->is_klass(), "must be resolved at this point");
 341   return entry.get_klass();
 342 }
 343 
 344 
 345 // Does not update ConstantPool* - to avoid any exception throwing. Used
 346 // by compiler and exception handling.  Also used to avoid classloads for
 347 // instanceof operations. Returns NULL if the class has not been loaded or
 348 // if the verification of constant pool failed
 349 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_at_if_loaded(constantPoolHandle this_oop, int which) {
 350   CPSlot entry = this_oop->slot_at(which);
 351   if (entry.is_resolved()) {
 352     assert(entry.get_klass()->is_klass(), "must be");
 353     return entry.get_klass();
 354   } else {
 355     assert(entry.is_unresolved(), "must be either symbol or klass");
 356     Thread *thread = Thread::current();
 357     Symbol* name = entry.get_symbol();
 358     oop loader = this_oop->pool_holder()->class_loader();
 359     oop protection_domain = this_oop->pool_holder()->protection_domain();
 360     Handle h_prot (thread, protection_domain);
 361     Handle h_loader (thread, loader);
 362     Klass* k = SystemDictionary::find(name, h_loader, h_prot, thread);
 363 
 364     if (k != NULL) {
 365       // Make sure that resolving is legal
 366       EXCEPTION_MARK;
 367       KlassHandle klass(THREAD, k);
 368       // return NULL if verification fails
 369       verify_constant_pool_resolve(this_oop, klass, THREAD);
 370       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 371         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 372         return NULL;
 373       }
 374       return klass();
 375     } else {
 376       return k;
 377     }
 378   }
 379 }
 380 
 381 
 382 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_ref_at_if_loaded(constantPoolHandle this_oop, int which) {
 383   return klass_at_if_loaded(this_oop, this_oop->klass_ref_index_at(which));
 384 }
 385 
 386 
 387 Method* ConstantPool::method_at_if_loaded(constantPoolHandle cpool,
 388                                                    int which) {
 389   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 390   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 391   if (!(cache_index >= 0 && cache_index < cpool->cache()->length())) {
 392     // FIXME: should be an assert
 393     if (PrintMiscellaneous && (Verbose||WizardMode)) {
 394       tty->print_cr("bad operand %d in:", which); cpool->print();
 395     }
 396     return NULL;
 397   }
 398   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 399   return e->method_if_resolved(cpool);
 400 }
 401 
 402 
 403 bool ConstantPool::has_appendix_at_if_loaded(constantPoolHandle cpool, int which) {
 404   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return false;  // nothing to load yet
 405   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 406   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 407   return e->has_appendix();
 408 }
 409 
 410 oop ConstantPool::appendix_at_if_loaded(constantPoolHandle cpool, int which) {
 411   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 412   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 413   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 414   return e->appendix_if_resolved(cpool);
 415 }
 416 
 417 
 418 bool ConstantPool::has_method_type_at_if_loaded(constantPoolHandle cpool, int which) {
 419   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return false;  // nothing to load yet
 420   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 421   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 422   return e->has_method_type();
 423 }
 424 
 425 oop ConstantPool::method_type_at_if_loaded(constantPoolHandle cpool, int which) {
 426   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 427   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 428   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 429   return e->method_type_if_resolved(cpool);
 430 }
 431 
 432 
 433 Symbol* ConstantPool::impl_name_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 434   int name_index = name_ref_index_at(impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which, uncached));
 435   return symbol_at(name_index);
 436 }
 437 
 438 
 439 Symbol* ConstantPool::impl_signature_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 440   int signature_index = signature_ref_index_at(impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which, uncached));
 441   return symbol_at(signature_index);
 442 }
 443 
 444 
 445 int ConstantPool::impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 446   int i = which;
 447   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 448     if (ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which)) {
 449       // Invokedynamic index is index into resolved_references
 450       int pool_index = invokedynamic_cp_cache_entry_at(which)->constant_pool_index();
 451       pool_index = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(pool_index);
 452       assert(tag_at(pool_index).is_name_and_type(), "");
 453       return pool_index;
 454     }
 455     // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 456     i = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 457   } else {
 458     if (tag_at(which).is_invoke_dynamic()) {
 459       int pool_index = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which);
 460       assert(tag_at(pool_index).is_name_and_type(), "");
 461       return pool_index;
 462     }
 463   }
 464   assert(tag_at(i).is_field_or_method(), "Corrupted constant pool");
 465   assert(!tag_at(i).is_invoke_dynamic(), "Must be handled above");
 466   jint ref_index = *int_at_addr(i);
 467   return extract_high_short_from_int(ref_index);
 468 }
 469 
 470 
 471 int ConstantPool::impl_klass_ref_index_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 472   guarantee(!ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which),
 473             "an invokedynamic instruction does not have a klass");
 474   int i = which;
 475   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 476     // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 477     i = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 478   }
 479   assert(tag_at(i).is_field_or_method(), "Corrupted constant pool");
 480   jint ref_index = *int_at_addr(i);
 481   return extract_low_short_from_int(ref_index);
 482 }
 483 
 484 
 485 
 486 int ConstantPool::remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(int operand) {
 487   int cpc_index = operand;
 488   DEBUG_ONLY(cpc_index -= CPCACHE_INDEX_TAG);
 489   assert((int)(u2)cpc_index == cpc_index, "clean u2");
 490   int member_index = cache()->entry_at(cpc_index)->constant_pool_index();
 491   return member_index;
 492 }
 493 
 494 
 495 void ConstantPool::verify_constant_pool_resolve(constantPoolHandle this_oop, KlassHandle k, TRAPS) {
 496  if (k->oop_is_instance() || k->oop_is_objArray()) {
 497     instanceKlassHandle holder (THREAD, this_oop->pool_holder());
 498     Klass* elem_oop = k->oop_is_instance() ? k() : ObjArrayKlass::cast(k())->bottom_klass();
 499     KlassHandle element (THREAD, elem_oop);
 500 
 501     // The element type could be a typeArray - we only need the access check if it is
 502     // an reference to another class
 503     if (element->oop_is_instance()) {
 504       LinkResolver::check_klass_accessability(holder, element, CHECK);
 505     }
 506   }
 507 }
 508 
 509 
 510 int ConstantPool::name_ref_index_at(int which_nt) {
 511   jint ref_index = name_and_type_at(which_nt);
 512   return extract_low_short_from_int(ref_index);
 513 }
 514 
 515 
 516 int ConstantPool::signature_ref_index_at(int which_nt) {
 517   jint ref_index = name_and_type_at(which_nt);
 518   return extract_high_short_from_int(ref_index);
 519 }
 520 
 521 
 522 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_ref_at(int which, TRAPS) {
 523   return klass_at(klass_ref_index_at(which), CHECK_NULL);
 524 }
 525 
 526 
 527 Symbol* ConstantPool::klass_name_at(int which) {
 528   assert(tag_at(which).is_unresolved_klass() || tag_at(which).is_klass(),
 529          "Corrupted constant pool");
 530   // A resolved constantPool entry will contain a Klass*, otherwise a Symbol*.
 531   // It is not safe to rely on the tag bit's here, since we don't have a lock, and the entry and
 532   // tag is not updated atomicly.
 533   CPSlot entry = slot_at(which);
 534   if (entry.is_resolved()) {
 535     // Already resolved - return entry's name.
 536     assert(entry.get_klass()->is_klass(), "must be");
 537     return entry.get_klass()->name();
 538   } else {
 539     assert(entry.is_unresolved(), "must be either symbol or klass");
 540     return entry.get_symbol();
 541   }
 542 }
 543 
 544 Symbol* ConstantPool::klass_ref_at_noresolve(int which) {
 545   jint ref_index = klass_ref_index_at(which);
 546   return klass_at_noresolve(ref_index);
 547 }
 548 
 549 Symbol* ConstantPool::uncached_klass_ref_at_noresolve(int which) {
 550   jint ref_index = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(which);
 551   return klass_at_noresolve(ref_index);
 552 }
 553 
 554 char* ConstantPool::string_at_noresolve(int which) {
 555   Symbol* s = unresolved_string_at(which);
 556   if (s == NULL) {
 557     return (char*)"<pseudo-string>";
 558   } else {
 559     return unresolved_string_at(which)->as_C_string();
 560   }
 561 }
 562 
 563 BasicType ConstantPool::basic_type_for_signature_at(int which) {
 564   return FieldType::basic_type(symbol_at(which));
 565 }
 566 
 567 
 568 void ConstantPool::resolve_string_constants_impl(constantPoolHandle this_oop, TRAPS) {
 569   for (int index = 1; index < this_oop->length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 570     if (this_oop->tag_at(index).is_string()) {
 571       this_oop->string_at(index, CHECK);
 572     }
 573   }
 574 }
 575 
 576 // Resolve all the classes in the constant pool.  If they are all resolved,
 577 // the constant pool is read-only.  Enhancement: allocate cp entries to
 578 // another metaspace, and copy to read-only or read-write space if this
 579 // bit is set.
 580 bool ConstantPool::resolve_class_constants(TRAPS) {
 581   constantPoolHandle cp(THREAD, this);
 582   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 583     if (tag_at(index).is_unresolved_klass() &&
 584         klass_at_if_loaded(cp, index) == NULL) {
 585       return false;
 586   }
 587   }
 588   // set_preresolution(); or some bit for future use
 589   return true;
 590 }
 591 
 592 // If resolution for MethodHandle or MethodType fails, save the exception
 593 // in the resolution error table, so that the same exception is thrown again.
 594 void ConstantPool::save_and_throw_exception(constantPoolHandle this_oop, int which,
 595                                      int tag, TRAPS) {
 596   ResourceMark rm;
 597   Symbol* error = PENDING_EXCEPTION->klass()->name();
 598   MonitorLockerEx ml(this_oop->lock());  // lock cpool to change tag.
 599 
 600   int error_tag = (tag == JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle) ?
 601            JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError : JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError;
 602 
 603   if (!PENDING_EXCEPTION->
 604     is_a(SystemDictionary::LinkageError_klass())) {
 605     // Just throw the exception and don't prevent these classes from
 606     // being loaded due to virtual machine errors like StackOverflow
 607     // and OutOfMemoryError, etc, or if the thread was hit by stop()
 608     // Needs clarification to section 5.4.3 of the VM spec (see 6308271)
 609 
 610   } else if (this_oop->tag_at(which).value() != error_tag) {
 611     SystemDictionary::add_resolution_error(this_oop, which, error);
 612     this_oop->tag_at_put(which, error_tag);
 613   } else {
 614     // some other thread has put the class in error state.
 615     error = SystemDictionary::find_resolution_error(this_oop, which);
 616     assert(error != NULL, "checking");
 617     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 618     THROW_MSG(error, "");
 619   }
 620 }
 621 
 622 
 623 // Called to resolve constants in the constant pool and return an oop.
 624 // Some constant pool entries cache their resolved oop. This is also
 625 // called to create oops from constants to use in arguments for invokedynamic
 626 oop ConstantPool::resolve_constant_at_impl(constantPoolHandle this_oop, int index, int cache_index, TRAPS) {
 627   oop result_oop = NULL;
 628   Handle throw_exception;
 629 
 630   if (cache_index == _possible_index_sentinel) {
 631     // It is possible that this constant is one which is cached in the objects.
 632     // We'll do a linear search.  This should be OK because this usage is rare.
 633     assert(index > 0, "valid index");
 634     cache_index = this_oop->cp_to_object_index(index);
 635   }
 636   assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel || cache_index >= 0, "");
 637   assert(index == _no_index_sentinel || index >= 0, "");
 638 
 639   if (cache_index >= 0) {
 640     result_oop = this_oop->resolved_references()->obj_at(cache_index);
 641     if (result_oop != NULL) {
 642       return result_oop;
 643       // That was easy...
 644     }
 645     index = this_oop->object_to_cp_index(cache_index);
 646   }
 647 
 648   jvalue prim_value;  // temp used only in a few cases below
 649 
 650   int tag_value = this_oop->tag_at(index).value();
 651 
 652   switch (tag_value) {
 653 
 654   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 655   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
 656   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 657     {
 658       assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
 659       Klass* resolved = klass_at_impl(this_oop, index, CHECK_NULL);
 660       // ldc wants the java mirror.
 661       result_oop = resolved->java_mirror();
 662       break;
 663     }
 664 
 665   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
 666     assert(cache_index != _no_index_sentinel, "should have been set");
 667     if (this_oop->is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
 668       result_oop = this_oop->pseudo_string_at(index, cache_index);
 669       break;
 670     }
 671     result_oop = string_at_impl(this_oop, index, cache_index, CHECK_NULL);
 672     break;
 673 
 674   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
 675   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
 676     {
 677       Symbol* error = SystemDictionary::find_resolution_error(this_oop, index);
 678       guarantee(error != (Symbol*)NULL, "tag mismatch with resolution error table");
 679       ResourceMark rm;
 680       THROW_MSG_0(error, "");
 681       break;
 682     }
 683 
 684   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
 685     {
 686       int ref_kind                 = this_oop->method_handle_ref_kind_at(index);
 687       int callee_index             = this_oop->method_handle_klass_index_at(index);
 688       Symbol*  name =      this_oop->method_handle_name_ref_at(index);
 689       Symbol*  signature = this_oop->method_handle_signature_ref_at(index);
 690       if (PrintMiscellaneous)
 691         tty->print_cr("resolve JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:%d [%d/%d/%d] %s.%s",
 692                       ref_kind, index, this_oop->method_handle_index_at(index),
 693                       callee_index, name->as_C_string(), signature->as_C_string());
 694       KlassHandle callee;
 695       { Klass* k = klass_at_impl(this_oop, callee_index, CHECK_NULL);
 696         callee = KlassHandle(THREAD, k);
 697       }
 698       KlassHandle klass(THREAD, this_oop->pool_holder());
 699       Handle value = SystemDictionary::link_method_handle_constant(klass, ref_kind,
 700                                                                    callee, name, signature,
 701                                                                    THREAD);
 702       result_oop = value();
 703       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 704         save_and_throw_exception(this_oop, index, tag_value, CHECK_NULL);
 705       }
 706       break;
 707     }
 708 
 709   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
 710     {
 711       Symbol*  signature = this_oop->method_type_signature_at(index);
 712       if (PrintMiscellaneous)
 713         tty->print_cr("resolve JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType [%d/%d] %s",
 714                       index, this_oop->method_type_index_at(index),
 715                       signature->as_C_string());
 716       KlassHandle klass(THREAD, this_oop->pool_holder());
 717       Handle value = SystemDictionary::find_method_handle_type(signature, klass, THREAD);
 718       result_oop = value();
 719       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 720         save_and_throw_exception(this_oop, index, tag_value, CHECK_NULL);
 721       }
 722       break;
 723     }
 724 
 725   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
 726     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
 727     prim_value.i = this_oop->int_at(index);
 728     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_INT, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
 729     break;
 730 
 731   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
 732     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
 733     prim_value.f = this_oop->float_at(index);
 734     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_FLOAT, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
 735     break;
 736 
 737   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
 738     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
 739     prim_value.j = this_oop->long_at(index);
 740     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_LONG, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
 741     break;
 742 
 743   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
 744     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
 745     prim_value.d = this_oop->double_at(index);
 746     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_DOUBLE, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
 747     break;
 748 
 749   default:
 750     DEBUG_ONLY( tty->print_cr("*** %p: tag at CP[%d/%d] = %d",
 751                               this_oop(), index, cache_index, tag_value) );
 752     assert(false, "unexpected constant tag");
 753     break;
 754   }
 755 
 756   if (cache_index >= 0) {
 757     // Cache the oop here also.
 758     Handle result_handle(THREAD, result_oop);
 759     MonitorLockerEx ml(this_oop->lock());  // don't know if we really need this
 760     oop result = this_oop->resolved_references()->obj_at(cache_index);
 761     // Benign race condition:  resolved_references may already be filled in while we were trying to lock.
 762     // The important thing here is that all threads pick up the same result.
 763     // It doesn't matter which racing thread wins, as long as only one
 764     // result is used by all threads, and all future queries.
 765     // That result may be either a resolved constant or a failure exception.
 766     if (result == NULL) {
 767       this_oop->resolved_references()->obj_at_put(cache_index, result_handle());
 768       return result_handle();
 769     } else {
 770       // Return the winning thread's result.  This can be different than
 771       // result_handle() for MethodHandles.
 772       return result;
 773     }
 774   } else {
 775     return result_oop;
 776   }
 777 }
 778 
 779 oop ConstantPool::uncached_string_at(int which, TRAPS) {
 780   Symbol* sym = unresolved_string_at(which);
 781   oop str = StringTable::intern(sym, CHECK_(NULL));
 782   assert(java_lang_String::is_instance(str), "must be string");
 783   return str;
 784 }
 785 
 786 
 787 oop ConstantPool::resolve_bootstrap_specifier_at_impl(constantPoolHandle this_oop, int index, TRAPS) {
 788   assert(this_oop->tag_at(index).is_invoke_dynamic(), "Corrupted constant pool");
 789 
 790   Handle bsm;
 791   int argc;
 792   {
 793     // JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic is an ordered pair of [bootm, name&type], plus optional arguments
 794     // The bootm, being a JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle, has its own cache entry.
 795     // It is accompanied by the optional arguments.
 796     int bsm_index = this_oop->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index);
 797     oop bsm_oop = this_oop->resolve_possibly_cached_constant_at(bsm_index, CHECK_NULL);
 798     if (!java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle::is_instance(bsm_oop)) {
 799       THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_LinkageError(), "BSM not an MethodHandle");
 800     }
 801 
 802     // Extract the optional static arguments.
 803     argc = this_oop->invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index);
 804     if (argc == 0)  return bsm_oop;
 805 
 806     bsm = Handle(THREAD, bsm_oop);
 807   }
 808 
 809   objArrayHandle info;
 810   {
 811     objArrayOop info_oop = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), 1+argc, CHECK_NULL);
 812     info = objArrayHandle(THREAD, info_oop);
 813   }
 814 
 815   info->obj_at_put(0, bsm());
 816   for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 817     int arg_index = this_oop->invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, i);
 818     oop arg_oop = this_oop->resolve_possibly_cached_constant_at(arg_index, CHECK_NULL);
 819     info->obj_at_put(1+i, arg_oop);
 820   }
 821 
 822   return info();
 823 }
 824 
 825 oop ConstantPool::string_at_impl(constantPoolHandle this_oop, int which, int obj_index, TRAPS) {
 826   // If the string has already been interned, this entry will be non-null
 827   oop str = this_oop->resolved_references()->obj_at(obj_index);
 828   if (str != NULL) return str;
 829   Symbol* sym = this_oop->unresolved_string_at(which);
 830   str = StringTable::intern(sym, CHECK_(NULL));
 831   this_oop->string_at_put(which, obj_index, str);
 832   assert(java_lang_String::is_instance(str), "must be string");
 833   return str;
 834 }
 835 
 836 
 837 bool ConstantPool::klass_name_at_matches(instanceKlassHandle k,
 838                                                 int which) {
 839   // Names are interned, so we can compare Symbol*s directly
 840   Symbol* cp_name = klass_name_at(which);
 841   return (cp_name == k->name());
 842 }
 843 
 844 
 845 // Iterate over symbols and decrement ones which are Symbol*s.
 846 // This is done during GC so do not need to lock constantPool unless we
 847 // have per-thread safepoints.
 848 // Only decrement the UTF8 symbols. Unresolved classes and strings point to
 849 // these symbols but didn't increment the reference count.
 850 void ConstantPool::unreference_symbols() {
 851   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 852     constantTag tag = tag_at(index);
 853     if (tag.is_symbol()) {
 854       symbol_at(index)->decrement_refcount();
 855     }
 856   }
 857 }
 858 
 859 
 860 // Compare this constant pool's entry at index1 to the constant pool
 861 // cp2's entry at index2.
 862 bool ConstantPool::compare_entry_to(int index1, constantPoolHandle cp2,
 863        int index2, TRAPS) {
 864 
 865   // The error tags are equivalent to non-error tags when comparing
 866   jbyte t1 = tag_at(index1).non_error_value();
 867   jbyte t2 = cp2->tag_at(index2).non_error_value();
 868 
 869   if (t1 != t2) {
 870     // Not the same entry type so there is nothing else to check. Note
 871     // that this style of checking will consider resolved/unresolved
 872     // class pairs as different.
 873     // From the ConstantPool* API point of view, this is correct
 874     // behavior. See VM_RedefineClasses::merge_constant_pools() to see how this
 875     // plays out in the context of ConstantPool* merging.
 876     return false;
 877   }
 878 
 879   switch (t1) {
 880   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 881   {
 882     Klass* k1 = klass_at(index1, CHECK_false);
 883     Klass* k2 = cp2->klass_at(index2, CHECK_false);
 884     if (k1 == k2) {
 885       return true;
 886     }
 887   } break;
 888 
 889   case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
 890   {
 891     int recur1 = klass_index_at(index1);
 892     int recur2 = cp2->klass_index_at(index2);
 893     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
 894     if (match) {
 895       return true;
 896     }
 897   } break;
 898 
 899   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
 900   {
 901     jdouble d1 = double_at(index1);
 902     jdouble d2 = cp2->double_at(index2);
 903     if (d1 == d2) {
 904       return true;
 905     }
 906   } break;
 907 
 908   case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
 909   case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
 910   case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
 911   {
 912     int recur1 = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index1);
 913     int recur2 = cp2->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index2);
 914     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
 915     if (match) {
 916       recur1 = uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
 917       recur2 = cp2->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
 918       match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
 919       if (match) {
 920         return true;
 921       }
 922     }
 923   } break;
 924 
 925   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
 926   {
 927     jfloat f1 = float_at(index1);
 928     jfloat f2 = cp2->float_at(index2);
 929     if (f1 == f2) {
 930       return true;
 931     }
 932   } break;
 933 
 934   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
 935   {
 936     jint i1 = int_at(index1);
 937     jint i2 = cp2->int_at(index2);
 938     if (i1 == i2) {
 939       return true;
 940     }
 941   } break;
 942 
 943   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
 944   {
 945     jlong l1 = long_at(index1);
 946     jlong l2 = cp2->long_at(index2);
 947     if (l1 == l2) {
 948       return true;
 949     }
 950   } break;
 951 
 952   case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
 953   {
 954     int recur1 = name_ref_index_at(index1);
 955     int recur2 = cp2->name_ref_index_at(index2);
 956     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
 957     if (match) {
 958       recur1 = signature_ref_index_at(index1);
 959       recur2 = cp2->signature_ref_index_at(index2);
 960       match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
 961       if (match) {
 962         return true;
 963       }
 964     }
 965   } break;
 966 
 967   case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
 968   {
 969     int recur1 = string_index_at(index1);
 970     int recur2 = cp2->string_index_at(index2);
 971     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
 972     if (match) {
 973       return true;
 974     }
 975   } break;
 976 
 977   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 978   {
 979     Symbol* k1 = unresolved_klass_at(index1);
 980     Symbol* k2 = cp2->unresolved_klass_at(index2);
 981     if (k1 == k2) {
 982       return true;
 983     }
 984   } break;
 985 
 986   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
 987   {
 988     int k1 = method_type_index_at_error_ok(index1);
 989     int k2 = cp2->method_type_index_at_error_ok(index2);
 990     bool match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
 991     if (match) {
 992       return true;
 993     }
 994   } break;
 995 
 996   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
 997   {
 998     int k1 = method_handle_ref_kind_at_error_ok(index1);
 999     int k2 = cp2->method_handle_ref_kind_at_error_ok(index2);
1000     if (k1 == k2) {
1001       int i1 = method_handle_index_at_error_ok(index1);
1002       int i2 = cp2->method_handle_index_at_error_ok(index2);
1003       bool match = compare_entry_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1004       if (match) {
1005         return true;
1006       }
1007     }
1008   } break;
1009 
1010   case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
1011   {
1012     int k1 = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1013     int k2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1014     int i1 = invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index1);
1015     int i2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index2);
1016     // separate statements and variables because CHECK_false is used
1017     bool match_entry = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1018     bool match_operand = compare_operand_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1019     return (match_entry && match_operand);
1020   } break;
1021 
1022   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
1023   {
1024     Symbol* s1 = unresolved_string_at(index1);
1025     Symbol* s2 = cp2->unresolved_string_at(index2);
1026     if (s1 == s2) {
1027       return true;
1028     }
1029   } break;
1030 
1031   case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
1032   {
1033     Symbol* s1 = symbol_at(index1);
1034     Symbol* s2 = cp2->symbol_at(index2);
1035     if (s1 == s2) {
1036       return true;
1037     }
1038   } break;
1039 
1040   // Invalid is used as the tag for the second constant pool entry
1041   // occupied by JVM_CONSTANT_Double or JVM_CONSTANT_Long. It should
1042   // not be seen by itself.
1043   case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: // fall through
1044 
1045   default:
1046     ShouldNotReachHere();
1047     break;
1048   }
1049 
1050   return false;
1051 } // end compare_entry_to()
1052 
1053 
1054 // Resize the operands array with delta_len and delta_size.
1055 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1056 void ConstantPool::resize_operands(int delta_len, int delta_size, TRAPS) {
1057   int old_len  = operand_array_length(operands());
1058   int new_len  = old_len + delta_len;
1059   int min_len  = (delta_len > 0) ? old_len : new_len;
1060 
1061   int old_size = operands()->length();
1062   int new_size = old_size + delta_size;
1063   int min_size = (delta_size > 0) ? old_size : new_size;
1064 
1065   ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1066   Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, new_size, CHECK);
1067 
1068   // Set index in the resized array for existing elements only
1069   for (int idx = 0; idx < min_len; idx++) {
1070     int offset = operand_offset_at(idx);                       // offset in original array
1071     operand_offset_at_put(new_ops, idx, offset + 2*delta_len); // offset in resized array
1072   }
1073   // Copy the bootstrap specifiers only
1074   Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(operands()->adr_at(2*old_len),
1075                                new_ops->adr_at(2*new_len),
1076                                (min_size - 2*min_len) * sizeof(u2));
1077   // Explicitly deallocate old operands array.
1078   // Note, it is not needed for 7u backport.
1079   if ( operands() != NULL) { // the safety check
1080     MetadataFactory::free_array<u2>(loader_data, operands());
1081   }
1082   set_operands(new_ops);
1083 } // end resize_operands()
1084 
1085 
1086 // Extend the operands array with the length and size of the ext_cp operands.
1087 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1088 void ConstantPool::extend_operands(constantPoolHandle ext_cp, TRAPS) {
1089   int delta_len = operand_array_length(ext_cp->operands());
1090   if (delta_len == 0) {
1091     return; // nothing to do
1092   }
1093   int delta_size = ext_cp->operands()->length();
1094 
1095   assert(delta_len  > 0 && delta_size > 0, "extended operands array must be bigger");
1096 
1097   if (operand_array_length(operands()) == 0) {
1098     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1099     Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, delta_size, CHECK);
1100     // The first element index defines the offset of second part
1101     operand_offset_at_put(new_ops, 0, 2*delta_len); // offset in new array
1102     set_operands(new_ops);
1103   } else {
1104     resize_operands(delta_len, delta_size, CHECK);
1105   }
1106 
1107 } // end extend_operands()
1108 
1109 
1110 // Shrink the operands array to a smaller array with new_len length.
1111 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1112 void ConstantPool::shrink_operands(int new_len, TRAPS) {
1113   int old_len = operand_array_length(operands());
1114   if (new_len == old_len) {
1115     return; // nothing to do
1116   }
1117   assert(new_len < old_len, "shrunken operands array must be smaller");
1118 
1119   int free_base  = operand_next_offset_at(new_len - 1);
1120   int delta_len  = new_len - old_len;
1121   int delta_size = 2*delta_len + free_base - operands()->length();
1122 
1123   resize_operands(delta_len, delta_size, CHECK);
1124 
1125 } // end shrink_operands()
1126 
1127 
1128 void ConstantPool::copy_operands(constantPoolHandle from_cp,
1129                                  constantPoolHandle to_cp,
1130                                  TRAPS) {
1131 
1132   int from_oplen = operand_array_length(from_cp->operands());
1133   int old_oplen  = operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());
1134   if (from_oplen != 0) {
1135     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = to_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1136     // append my operands to the target's operands array
1137     if (old_oplen == 0) {
1138       // Can't just reuse from_cp's operand list because of deallocation issues
1139       int len = from_cp->operands()->length();
1140       Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, len, CHECK);
1141       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(
1142           from_cp->operands()->adr_at(0), new_ops->adr_at(0), len * sizeof(u2));
1143       to_cp->set_operands(new_ops);
1144     } else {
1145       int old_len  = to_cp->operands()->length();
1146       int from_len = from_cp->operands()->length();
1147       int old_off  = old_oplen * sizeof(u2);
1148       int from_off = from_oplen * sizeof(u2);
1149       // Use the metaspace for the destination constant pool
1150       Array<u2>* new_operands = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, old_len + from_len, CHECK);
1151       int fillp = 0, len = 0;
1152       // first part of dest
1153       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(to_cp->operands()->adr_at(0),
1154                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1155                                    (len = old_off) * sizeof(u2));
1156       fillp += len;
1157       // first part of src
1158       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(from_cp->operands()->adr_at(0),
1159                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1160                                    (len = from_off) * sizeof(u2));
1161       fillp += len;
1162       // second part of dest
1163       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(to_cp->operands()->adr_at(old_off),
1164                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1165                                    (len = old_len - old_off) * sizeof(u2));
1166       fillp += len;
1167       // second part of src
1168       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(from_cp->operands()->adr_at(from_off),
1169                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1170                                    (len = from_len - from_off) * sizeof(u2));
1171       fillp += len;
1172       assert(fillp == new_operands->length(), "");
1173 
1174       // Adjust indexes in the first part of the copied operands array.
1175       for (int j = 0; j < from_oplen; j++) {
1176         int offset = operand_offset_at(new_operands, old_oplen + j);
1177         assert(offset == operand_offset_at(from_cp->operands(), j), "correct copy");
1178         offset += old_len;  // every new tuple is preceded by old_len extra u2's
1179         operand_offset_at_put(new_operands, old_oplen + j, offset);
1180       }
1181 
1182       // replace target operands array with combined array
1183       to_cp->set_operands(new_operands);
1184     }
1185   }
1186 } // end copy_operands()
1187 
1188 
1189 // Copy this constant pool's entries at start_i to end_i (inclusive)
1190 // to the constant pool to_cp's entries starting at to_i. A total of
1191 // (end_i - start_i) + 1 entries are copied.
1192 void ConstantPool::copy_cp_to_impl(constantPoolHandle from_cp, int start_i, int end_i,
1193        constantPoolHandle to_cp, int to_i, TRAPS) {
1194 
1195 
1196   int dest_i = to_i;  // leave original alone for debug purposes
1197 
1198   for (int src_i = start_i; src_i <= end_i; /* see loop bottom */ ) {
1199     copy_entry_to(from_cp, src_i, to_cp, dest_i, CHECK);
1200 
1201     switch (from_cp->tag_at(src_i).value()) {
1202     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1203     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1204       // double and long take two constant pool entries
1205       src_i += 2;
1206       dest_i += 2;
1207       break;
1208 
1209     default:
1210       // all others take one constant pool entry
1211       src_i++;
1212       dest_i++;
1213       break;
1214     }
1215   }
1216   copy_operands(from_cp, to_cp, CHECK);
1217 
1218 } // end copy_cp_to_impl()
1219 
1220 
1221 // Copy this constant pool's entry at from_i to the constant pool
1222 // to_cp's entry at to_i.
1223 void ConstantPool::copy_entry_to(constantPoolHandle from_cp, int from_i,
1224                                         constantPoolHandle to_cp, int to_i,
1225                                         TRAPS) {
1226 
1227   int tag = from_cp->tag_at(from_i).value();
1228   switch (tag) {
1229   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
1230   {
1231     Klass* k = from_cp->klass_at(from_i, CHECK);
1232     to_cp->klass_at_put(to_i, k);
1233   } break;
1234 
1235   case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
1236   {
1237     jint ki = from_cp->klass_index_at(from_i);
1238     to_cp->klass_index_at_put(to_i, ki);
1239   } break;
1240 
1241   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1242   {
1243     jdouble d = from_cp->double_at(from_i);
1244     to_cp->double_at_put(to_i, d);
1245     // double takes two constant pool entries so init second entry's tag
1246     to_cp->tag_at_put(to_i + 1, JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid);
1247   } break;
1248 
1249   case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
1250   {
1251     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1252     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1253     to_cp->field_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1254   } break;
1255 
1256   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1257   {
1258     jfloat f = from_cp->float_at(from_i);
1259     to_cp->float_at_put(to_i, f);
1260   } break;
1261 
1262   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1263   {
1264     jint i = from_cp->int_at(from_i);
1265     to_cp->int_at_put(to_i, i);
1266   } break;
1267 
1268   case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
1269   {
1270     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1271     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1272     to_cp->interface_method_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1273   } break;
1274 
1275   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1276   {
1277     jlong l = from_cp->long_at(from_i);
1278     to_cp->long_at_put(to_i, l);
1279     // long takes two constant pool entries so init second entry's tag
1280     to_cp->tag_at_put(to_i + 1, JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid);
1281   } break;
1282 
1283   case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
1284   {
1285     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1286     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1287     to_cp->method_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1288   } break;
1289 
1290   case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
1291   {
1292     int name_ref_index = from_cp->name_ref_index_at(from_i);
1293     int signature_ref_index = from_cp->signature_ref_index_at(from_i);
1294     to_cp->name_and_type_at_put(to_i, name_ref_index, signature_ref_index);
1295   } break;
1296 
1297   case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
1298   {
1299     jint si = from_cp->string_index_at(from_i);
1300     to_cp->string_index_at_put(to_i, si);
1301   } break;
1302 
1303   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
1304   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
1305   {
1306     // Can be resolved after checking tag, so check the slot first.
1307     CPSlot entry = from_cp->slot_at(from_i);
1308     if (entry.is_resolved()) {
1309       assert(entry.get_klass()->is_klass(), "must be");
1310       // Already resolved
1311       to_cp->klass_at_put(to_i, entry.get_klass());
1312     } else {
1313       to_cp->unresolved_klass_at_put(to_i, entry.get_symbol());
1314     }
1315   } break;
1316 
1317   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
1318   {
1319     Symbol* s = from_cp->unresolved_string_at(from_i);
1320     to_cp->unresolved_string_at_put(to_i, s);
1321   } break;
1322 
1323   case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
1324   {
1325     Symbol* s = from_cp->symbol_at(from_i);
1326     // Need to increase refcount, the old one will be thrown away and deferenced
1327     s->increment_refcount();
1328     to_cp->symbol_at_put(to_i, s);
1329   } break;
1330 
1331   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1332   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
1333   {
1334     jint k = from_cp->method_type_index_at_error_ok(from_i);
1335     to_cp->method_type_index_at_put(to_i, k);
1336   } break;
1337 
1338   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
1339   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
1340   {
1341     int k1 = from_cp->method_handle_ref_kind_at_error_ok(from_i);
1342     int k2 = from_cp->method_handle_index_at_error_ok(from_i);
1343     to_cp->method_handle_index_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1344   } break;
1345 
1346   case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
1347   {
1348     int k1 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(from_i);
1349     int k2 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1350     k1 += operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());  // to_cp might already have operands
1351     to_cp->invoke_dynamic_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1352   } break;
1353 
1354   // Invalid is used as the tag for the second constant pool entry
1355   // occupied by JVM_CONSTANT_Double or JVM_CONSTANT_Long. It should
1356   // not be seen by itself.
1357   case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: // fall through
1358 
1359   default:
1360   {
1361     ShouldNotReachHere();
1362   } break;
1363   }
1364 } // end copy_entry_to()
1365 
1366 
1367 // Search constant pool search_cp for an entry that matches this
1368 // constant pool's entry at pattern_i. Returns the index of a
1369 // matching entry or zero (0) if there is no matching entry.
1370 int ConstantPool::find_matching_entry(int pattern_i,
1371       constantPoolHandle search_cp, TRAPS) {
1372 
1373   // index zero (0) is not used
1374   for (int i = 1; i < search_cp->length(); i++) {
1375     bool found = compare_entry_to(pattern_i, search_cp, i, CHECK_0);
1376     if (found) {
1377       return i;
1378     }
1379   }
1380 
1381   return 0;  // entry not found; return unused index zero (0)
1382 } // end find_matching_entry()
1383 
1384 
1385 // Compare this constant pool's bootstrap specifier at idx1 to the constant pool
1386 // cp2's bootstrap specifier at idx2.
1387 bool ConstantPool::compare_operand_to(int idx1, constantPoolHandle cp2, int idx2, TRAPS) {
1388   int k1 = operand_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(idx1);
1389   int k2 = cp2->operand_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(idx2);
1390   bool match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1391 
1392   if (!match) {
1393     return false;
1394   }
1395   int argc = operand_argument_count_at(idx1);
1396   if (argc == cp2->operand_argument_count_at(idx2)) {
1397     for (int j = 0; j < argc; j++) {
1398       k1 = operand_argument_index_at(idx1, j);
1399       k2 = cp2->operand_argument_index_at(idx2, j);
1400       match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1401       if (!match) {
1402         return false;
1403       }
1404     }
1405     return true;           // got through loop; all elements equal
1406   }
1407   return false;
1408 } // end compare_operand_to()
1409 
1410 // Search constant pool search_cp for a bootstrap specifier that matches
1411 // this constant pool's bootstrap specifier at pattern_i index.
1412 // Return the index of a matching bootstrap specifier or (-1) if there is no match.
1413 int ConstantPool::find_matching_operand(int pattern_i,
1414                     constantPoolHandle search_cp, int search_len, TRAPS) {
1415   for (int i = 0; i < search_len; i++) {
1416     bool found = compare_operand_to(pattern_i, search_cp, i, CHECK_(-1));
1417     if (found) {
1418       return i;
1419     }
1420   }
1421   return -1;  // bootstrap specifier not found; return unused index (-1)
1422 } // end find_matching_operand()
1423 
1424 
1425 #ifndef PRODUCT
1426 
1427 const char* ConstantPool::printable_name_at(int which) {
1428 
1429   constantTag tag = tag_at(which);
1430 
1431   if (tag.is_string()) {
1432     return string_at_noresolve(which);
1433   } else if (tag.is_klass() || tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
1434     return klass_name_at(which)->as_C_string();
1435   } else if (tag.is_symbol()) {
1436     return symbol_at(which)->as_C_string();
1437   }
1438   return "";
1439 }
1440 
1441 #endif // PRODUCT
1442 
1443 
1444 // JVMTI GetConstantPool support
1445 
1446 // For debugging of constant pool
1447 const bool debug_cpool = false;
1448 
1449 #define DBG(code) do { if (debug_cpool) { (code); } } while(0)
1450 
1451 static void print_cpool_bytes(jint cnt, u1 *bytes) {
1452   const char* WARN_MSG = "Must not be such entry!";
1453   jint size = 0;
1454   u2   idx1, idx2;
1455 
1456   for (jint idx = 1; idx < cnt; idx++) {
1457     jint ent_size = 0;
1458     u1   tag  = *bytes++;
1459     size++;                       // count tag
1460 
1461     printf("const #%03d, tag: %02d ", idx, tag);
1462     switch(tag) {
1463       case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: {
1464         printf("Invalid");
1465         break;
1466       }
1467       case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode: {
1468         printf("Unicode      %s", WARN_MSG);
1469         break;
1470       }
1471       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
1472         u2 len = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1473         char str[128];
1474         if (len > 127) {
1475            len = 127;
1476         }
1477         strncpy(str, (char *) (bytes+2), len);
1478         str[len] = '\0';
1479         printf("Utf8          \"%s\"", str);
1480         ent_size = 2 + len;
1481         break;
1482       }
1483       case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer: {
1484         u4 val = Bytes::get_Java_u4(bytes);
1485         printf("int          %d", *(int *) &val);
1486         ent_size = 4;
1487         break;
1488       }
1489       case JVM_CONSTANT_Float: {
1490         u4 val = Bytes::get_Java_u4(bytes);
1491         printf("float        %5.3ff", *(float *) &val);
1492         ent_size = 4;
1493         break;
1494       }
1495       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long: {
1496         u8 val = Bytes::get_Java_u8(bytes);
1497         printf("long         "INT64_FORMAT, (int64_t) *(jlong *) &val);
1498         ent_size = 8;
1499         idx++; // Long takes two cpool slots
1500         break;
1501       }
1502       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
1503         u8 val = Bytes::get_Java_u8(bytes);
1504         printf("double       %5.3fd", *(jdouble *)&val);
1505         ent_size = 8;
1506         idx++; // Double takes two cpool slots
1507         break;
1508       }
1509       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class: {
1510         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1511         printf("class        #%03d", idx1);
1512         ent_size = 2;
1513         break;
1514       }
1515       case JVM_CONSTANT_String: {
1516         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1517         printf("String       #%03d", idx1);
1518         ent_size = 2;
1519         break;
1520       }
1521       case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref: {
1522         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1523         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1524         printf("Field        #%03d, #%03d", (int) idx1, (int) idx2);
1525         ent_size = 4;
1526         break;
1527       }
1528       case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref: {
1529         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1530         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1531         printf("Method       #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1532         ent_size = 4;
1533         break;
1534       }
1535       case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: {
1536         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1537         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1538         printf("InterfMethod #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1539         ent_size = 4;
1540         break;
1541       }
1542       case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
1543         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1544         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1545         printf("NameAndType  #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1546         ent_size = 4;
1547         break;
1548       }
1549       case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
1550         printf("ClassIndex  %s", WARN_MSG);
1551         break;
1552       }
1553       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass: {
1554         printf("UnresolvedClass: %s", WARN_MSG);
1555         break;
1556       }
1557       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
1558         printf("UnresolvedClassInErr: %s", WARN_MSG);
1559         break;
1560       }
1561       case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: {
1562         printf("StringIndex: %s", WARN_MSG);
1563         break;
1564       }
1565     }
1566     printf(";\n");
1567     bytes += ent_size;
1568     size  += ent_size;
1569   }
1570   printf("Cpool size: %d\n", size);
1571   fflush(0);
1572   return;
1573 } /* end print_cpool_bytes */
1574 
1575 
1576 // Returns size of constant pool entry.
1577 jint ConstantPool::cpool_entry_size(jint idx) {
1578   switch(tag_at(idx).value()) {
1579     case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid:
1580     case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode:
1581       return 1;
1582 
1583     case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
1584       return 3 + symbol_at(idx)->utf8_length();
1585 
1586     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
1587     case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
1588     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
1589     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
1590     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
1591     case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
1592     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1593     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
1594       return 3;
1595 
1596     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
1597     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
1598       return 4; //tag, ref_kind, ref_index
1599 
1600     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1601     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1602     case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
1603     case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
1604     case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
1605     case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
1606       return 5;
1607 
1608     case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
1609       // u1 tag, u2 bsm, u2 nt
1610       return 5;
1611 
1612     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1613     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1614       return 9;
1615   }
1616   assert(false, "cpool_entry_size: Invalid constant pool entry tag");
1617   return 1;
1618 } /* end cpool_entry_size */
1619 
1620 
1621 // SymbolHashMap is used to find a constant pool index from a string.
1622 // This function fills in SymbolHashMaps, one for utf8s and one for
1623 // class names, returns size of the cpool raw bytes.
1624 jint ConstantPool::hash_entries_to(SymbolHashMap *symmap,
1625                                           SymbolHashMap *classmap) {
1626   jint size = 0;
1627 
1628   for (u2 idx = 1; idx < length(); idx++) {
1629     u2 tag = tag_at(idx).value();
1630     size += cpool_entry_size(idx);
1631 
1632     switch(tag) {
1633       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
1634         Symbol* sym = symbol_at(idx);
1635         symmap->add_entry(sym, idx);
1636         DBG(printf("adding symbol entry %s = %d\n", sym->as_utf8(), idx));
1637         break;
1638       }
1639       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
1640       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
1641       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
1642         Symbol* sym = klass_name_at(idx);
1643         classmap->add_entry(sym, idx);
1644         DBG(printf("adding class entry %s = %d\n", sym->as_utf8(), idx));
1645         break;
1646       }
1647       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1648       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
1649         idx++; // Both Long and Double take two cpool slots
1650         break;
1651       }
1652     }
1653   }
1654   return size;
1655 } /* end hash_utf8_entries_to */
1656 
1657 
1658 // Copy cpool bytes.
1659 // Returns:
1660 //    0, in case of OutOfMemoryError
1661 //   -1, in case of internal error
1662 //  > 0, count of the raw cpool bytes that have been copied
1663 int ConstantPool::copy_cpool_bytes(int cpool_size,
1664                                           SymbolHashMap* tbl,
1665                                           unsigned char *bytes) {
1666   u2   idx1, idx2;
1667   jint size  = 0;
1668   jint cnt   = length();
1669   unsigned char *start_bytes = bytes;
1670 
1671   for (jint idx = 1; idx < cnt; idx++) {
1672     u1   tag      = tag_at(idx).value();
1673     jint ent_size = cpool_entry_size(idx);
1674 
1675     assert(size + ent_size <= cpool_size, "Size mismatch");
1676 
1677     *bytes = tag;
1678     DBG(printf("#%03hd tag=%03hd, ", idx, tag));
1679     switch(tag) {
1680       case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: {
1681         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid"));
1682         break;
1683       }
1684       case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode: {
1685         assert(false, "Wrong constant pool tag: JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode");
1686         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode"));
1687         break;
1688       }
1689       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
1690         Symbol* sym = symbol_at(idx);
1691         char*     str = sym->as_utf8();
1692         // Warning! It's crashing on x86 with len = sym->utf8_length()
1693         int       len = (int) strlen(str);
1694         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), (u2) len);
1695         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
1696             bytes[3+i] = (u1) str[i];
1697         }
1698         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: %s ", str));
1699         break;
1700       }
1701       case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer: {
1702         jint val = int_at(idx);
1703         Bytes::put_Java_u4((address) (bytes+1), *(u4*)&val);
1704         break;
1705       }
1706       case JVM_CONSTANT_Float: {
1707         jfloat val = float_at(idx);
1708         Bytes::put_Java_u4((address) (bytes+1), *(u4*)&val);
1709         break;
1710       }
1711       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long: {
1712         jlong val = long_at(idx);
1713         Bytes::put_Java_u8((address) (bytes+1), *(u8*)&val);
1714         idx++;             // Long takes two cpool slots
1715         break;
1716       }
1717       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
1718         jdouble val = double_at(idx);
1719         Bytes::put_Java_u8((address) (bytes+1), *(u8*)&val);
1720         idx++;             // Double takes two cpool slots
1721         break;
1722       }
1723       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
1724       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
1725       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
1726         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_Class;
1727         Symbol* sym = klass_name_at(idx);
1728         idx1 = tbl->symbol_to_value(sym);
1729         assert(idx1 != 0, "Have not found a hashtable entry");
1730         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
1731         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Class: idx=#%03hd, %s", idx1, sym->as_utf8()));
1732         break;
1733       }
1734       case JVM_CONSTANT_String: {
1735         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_String;
1736         Symbol* sym = unresolved_string_at(idx);
1737         idx1 = tbl->symbol_to_value(sym);
1738         assert(idx1 != 0, "Have not found a hashtable entry");
1739         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
1740         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_String: idx=#%03hd, %s", idx1, sym->as_utf8()));
1741         break;
1742       }
1743       case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
1744       case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
1745       case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: {
1746         idx1 = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(idx);
1747         idx2 = uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx);
1748         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
1749         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
1750         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
1751         break;
1752       }
1753       case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
1754         idx1 = name_ref_index_at(idx);
1755         idx2 = signature_ref_index_at(idx);
1756         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
1757         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
1758         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
1759         break;
1760       }
1761       case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
1762         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_Class;
1763         idx1 = klass_index_at(idx);
1764         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
1765         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: %hd", idx1));
1766         break;
1767       }
1768       case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: {
1769         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_String;
1770         idx1 = string_index_at(idx);
1771         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
1772         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: %hd", idx1));
1773         break;
1774       }
1775       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
1776       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError: {
1777         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle;
1778         int kind = method_handle_ref_kind_at_error_ok(idx);
1779         idx1 = method_handle_index_at_error_ok(idx);
1780         *(bytes+1) = (unsigned char) kind;
1781         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+2), idx1);
1782         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle: %d %hd", kind, idx1));
1783         break;
1784       }
1785       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1786       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError: {
1787         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType;
1788         idx1 = method_type_index_at_error_ok(idx);
1789         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
1790         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType: %hd", idx1));
1791         break;
1792       }
1793       case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic: {
1794         *bytes = tag;
1795         idx1 = extract_low_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
1796         idx2 = extract_high_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
1797         assert(idx2 == invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx), "correct half of u4");
1798         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
1799         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
1800         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
1801         break;
1802       }
1803     }
1804     DBG(printf("\n"));
1805     bytes += ent_size;
1806     size  += ent_size;
1807   }
1808   assert(size == cpool_size, "Size mismatch");
1809 
1810   // Keep temorarily for debugging until it's stable.
1811   DBG(print_cpool_bytes(cnt, start_bytes));
1812   return (int)(bytes - start_bytes);
1813 } /* end copy_cpool_bytes */
1814 
1815 #undef DBG
1816 
1817 
1818 void ConstantPool::set_on_stack(const bool value) {
1819   if (value) {
1820     _flags |= _on_stack;
1821   } else {
1822     _flags &= ~_on_stack;
1823   }
1824   if (value) MetadataOnStackMark::record(this);
1825 }
1826 
1827 // JSR 292 support for patching constant pool oops after the class is linked and
1828 // the oop array for resolved references are created.
1829 // We can't do this during classfile parsing, which is how the other indexes are
1830 // patched.  The other patches are applied early for some error checking
1831 // so only defer the pseudo_strings.
1832 void ConstantPool::patch_resolved_references(
1833                                             GrowableArray<Handle>* cp_patches) {
1834   assert(EnableInvokeDynamic, "");
1835   for (int index = 1; index < cp_patches->length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
1836     Handle patch = cp_patches->at(index);
1837     if (patch.not_null()) {
1838       assert (tag_at(index).is_string(), "should only be string left");
1839       // Patching a string means pre-resolving it.
1840       // The spelling in the constant pool is ignored.
1841       // The constant reference may be any object whatever.
1842       // If it is not a real interned string, the constant is referred
1843       // to as a "pseudo-string", and must be presented to the CP
1844       // explicitly, because it may require scavenging.
1845       int obj_index = cp_to_object_index(index);
1846       pseudo_string_at_put(index, obj_index, patch());
1847       DEBUG_ONLY(cp_patches->at_put(index, Handle());)
1848     }
1849   }
1850 #ifdef ASSERT
1851   // Ensure that all the patches have been used.
1852   for (int index = 0; index < cp_patches->length(); index++) {
1853     assert(cp_patches->at(index).is_null(),
1854            err_msg("Unused constant pool patch at %d in class file %s",
1855                    index,
1856                    pool_holder()->external_name()));
1857   }
1858 #endif // ASSERT
1859 }
1860 
1861 #ifndef PRODUCT
1862 
1863 // CompileTheWorld support. Preload all classes loaded references in the passed in constantpool
1864 void ConstantPool::preload_and_initialize_all_classes(ConstantPool* obj, TRAPS) {
1865   guarantee(obj->is_constantPool(), "object must be constant pool");
1866   constantPoolHandle cp(THREAD, (ConstantPool*)obj);
1867   guarantee(cp->pool_holder() != NULL, "must be fully loaded");
1868 
1869   for (int i = 0; i< cp->length();  i++) {
1870     if (cp->tag_at(i).is_unresolved_klass()) {
1871       // This will force loading of the class
1872       Klass* klass = cp->klass_at(i, CHECK);
1873       if (klass->oop_is_instance()) {
1874         // Force initialization of class
1875         InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->initialize(CHECK);
1876       }
1877     }
1878   }
1879 }
1880 
1881 #endif
1882 
1883 
1884 // Printing
1885 
1886 void ConstantPool::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
1887   EXCEPTION_MARK;
1888   assert(is_constantPool(), "must be constantPool");
1889   st->print_cr("%s", internal_name());
1890   if (flags() != 0) {
1891     st->print(" - flags: 0x%x", flags());
1892     if (has_preresolution()) st->print(" has_preresolution");
1893     if (on_stack()) st->print(" on_stack");
1894     st->cr();
1895   }
1896   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
1897     st->print_cr(" - holder: " INTPTR_FORMAT, pool_holder());
1898   }
1899   st->print_cr(" - cache: " INTPTR_FORMAT, cache());
1900   st->print_cr(" - resolved_references: " INTPTR_FORMAT, (void *)resolved_references());
1901   st->print_cr(" - reference_map: " INTPTR_FORMAT, reference_map());
1902 
1903   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) {      // Index 0 is unused
1904     ((ConstantPool*)this)->print_entry_on(index, st);
1905     switch (tag_at(index).value()) {
1906       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long :
1907       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double :
1908         index++;   // Skip entry following eigth-byte constant
1909     }
1910 
1911   }
1912   st->cr();
1913 }
1914 
1915 // Print one constant pool entry
1916 void ConstantPool::print_entry_on(const int index, outputStream* st) {
1917   EXCEPTION_MARK;
1918   st->print(" - %3d : ", index);
1919   tag_at(index).print_on(st);
1920   st->print(" : ");
1921   switch (tag_at(index).value()) {
1922     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class :
1923       { Klass* k = klass_at(index, CATCH);
1924         guarantee(k != NULL, "need klass");
1925         k->print_value_on(st);
1926         st->print(" {0x%lx}", (address)k);
1927       }
1928       break;
1929     case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref :
1930     case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref :
1931     case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref :
1932       st->print("klass_index=%d", uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index));
1933       st->print(" name_and_type_index=%d", uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
1934       break;
1935     case JVM_CONSTANT_String :
1936       if (is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
1937         oop anObj = pseudo_string_at(index);
1938         anObj->print_value_on(st);
1939         st->print(" {0x%lx}", (address)anObj);
1940       } else {
1941         unresolved_string_at(index)->print_value_on(st);
1942       }
1943       break;
1944     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer :
1945       st->print("%d", int_at(index));
1946       break;
1947     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float :
1948       st->print("%f", float_at(index));
1949       break;
1950     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long :
1951       st->print_jlong(long_at(index));
1952       break;
1953     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double :
1954       st->print("%lf", double_at(index));
1955       break;
1956     case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType :
1957       st->print("name_index=%d", name_ref_index_at(index));
1958       st->print(" signature_index=%d", signature_ref_index_at(index));
1959       break;
1960     case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8 :
1961       symbol_at(index)->print_value_on(st);
1962       break;
1963     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass :               // fall-through
1964     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
1965       // unresolved_klass_at requires lock or safe world.
1966       CPSlot entry = slot_at(index);
1967       if (entry.is_resolved()) {
1968         entry.get_klass()->print_value_on(st);
1969       } else {
1970         entry.get_symbol()->print_value_on(st);
1971       }
1972       }
1973       break;
1974     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle :
1975     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError :
1976       st->print("ref_kind=%d", method_handle_ref_kind_at_error_ok(index));
1977       st->print(" ref_index=%d", method_handle_index_at_error_ok(index));
1978       break;
1979     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType :
1980     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError :
1981       st->print("signature_index=%d", method_type_index_at_error_ok(index));
1982       break;
1983     case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic :
1984       {
1985         st->print("bootstrap_method_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index));
1986         st->print(" name_and_type_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
1987         int argc = invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index);
1988         if (argc > 0) {
1989           for (int arg_i = 0; arg_i < argc; arg_i++) {
1990             int arg = invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, arg_i);
1991             st->print((arg_i == 0 ? " arguments={%d" : ", %d"), arg);
1992           }
1993           st->print("}");
1994         }
1995       }
1996       break;
1997     default:
1998       ShouldNotReachHere();
1999       break;
2000   }
2001   st->cr();
2002 }
2003 
2004 void ConstantPool::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
2005   assert(is_constantPool(), "must be constantPool");
2006   st->print("constant pool [%d]", length());
2007   if (has_preresolution()) st->print("/preresolution");
2008   if (operands() != NULL)  st->print("/operands[%d]", operands()->length());
2009   print_address_on(st);
2010   st->print(" for ");
2011   pool_holder()->print_value_on(st);
2012   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2013     bool extra = (pool_holder()->constants() != this);
2014     if (extra)  st->print(" (extra)");
2015   }
2016   if (cache() != NULL) {
2017     st->print(" cache=" PTR_FORMAT, cache());
2018   }
2019 }
2020 
2021 #if INCLUDE_SERVICES
2022 // Size Statistics
2023 void ConstantPool::collect_statistics(KlassSizeStats *sz) const {
2024   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_bytes          = sz->count(this));
2025   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_tags_bytes     = sz->count_array(tags()));
2026   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_cache_bytes    = sz->count(cache()));
2027   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_operands_bytes = sz->count_array(operands()));
2028   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_refmap_bytes   = sz->count_array(reference_map()));
2029 
2030   sz->_ro_bytes += sz->_cp_operands_bytes + sz->_cp_tags_bytes +
2031                    sz->_cp_refmap_bytes;
2032   sz->_rw_bytes += sz->_cp_bytes + sz->_cp_cache_bytes;
2033 }
2034 #endif // INCLUDE_SERVICES
2035 
2036 // Verification
2037 
2038 void ConstantPool::verify_on(outputStream* st) {
2039   guarantee(is_constantPool(), "object must be constant pool");
2040   for (int i = 0; i< length();  i++) {
2041     constantTag tag = tag_at(i);
2042     CPSlot entry = slot_at(i);
2043     if (tag.is_klass()) {
2044       if (entry.is_resolved()) {
2045         guarantee(entry.get_klass()->is_klass(),    "should be klass");
2046       }
2047     } else if (tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
2048       if (entry.is_resolved()) {
2049         guarantee(entry.get_klass()->is_klass(),    "should be klass");
2050       }
2051     } else if (tag.is_symbol()) {
2052       guarantee(entry.get_symbol()->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2053     } else if (tag.is_string()) {
2054       guarantee(entry.get_symbol()->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2055     }
2056   }
2057   if (cache() != NULL) {
2058     // Note: cache() can be NULL before a class is completely setup or
2059     // in temporary constant pools used during constant pool merging
2060     guarantee(cache()->is_constantPoolCache(), "should be constant pool cache");
2061   }
2062   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2063     // Note: pool_holder() can be NULL in temporary constant pools
2064     // used during constant pool merging
2065     guarantee(pool_holder()->is_klass(),    "should be klass");
2066   }
2067 }
2068 
2069 
2070 void SymbolHashMap::add_entry(Symbol* sym, u2 value) {
2071   char *str = sym->as_utf8();
2072   unsigned int hash = compute_hash(str, sym->utf8_length());
2073   unsigned int index = hash % table_size();
2074 
2075   // check if already in map
2076   // we prefer the first entry since it is more likely to be what was used in
2077   // the class file
2078   for (SymbolHashMapEntry *en = bucket(index); en != NULL; en = en->next()) {
2079     assert(en->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2080     if (en->hash() == hash && en->symbol() == sym) {
2081         return;  // already there
2082     }
2083   }
2084 
2085   SymbolHashMapEntry* entry = new SymbolHashMapEntry(hash, sym, value);
2086   entry->set_next(bucket(index));
2087   _buckets[index].set_entry(entry);
2088   assert(entry->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2089 }
2090 
2091 SymbolHashMapEntry* SymbolHashMap::find_entry(Symbol* sym) {
2092   assert(sym != NULL, "SymbolHashMap::find_entry - symbol is NULL");
2093   char *str = sym->as_utf8();
2094   int   len = sym->utf8_length();
2095   unsigned int hash = SymbolHashMap::compute_hash(str, len);
2096   unsigned int index = hash % table_size();
2097   for (SymbolHashMapEntry *en = bucket(index); en != NULL; en = en->next()) {
2098     assert(en->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2099     if (en->hash() == hash && en->symbol() == sym) {
2100       return en;
2101     }
2102   }
2103   return NULL;
2104 }