1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 *
9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
13 * accompanied this code).
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
18 *
19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
21 * questions.
22 *
23 */
24
25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
26 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
27 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
28 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
29 #if INCLUDE_CDS
30 #include "classfile/sharedClassUtil.hpp"
31 #endif
32 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
33 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
34 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
35 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
36 #include "code/dependencies.hpp"
37 #include "gc_interface/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
38 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
39 #include "memory/cardTableModRefBS.hpp"
40 #include "memory/filemap.hpp"
41 #include "memory/gcLocker.inline.hpp"
42 #include "memory/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
43 #include "memory/genRemSet.hpp"
44 #include "memory/generation.hpp"
45 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
46 #include "memory/metaspaceShared.hpp"
47 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
48 #include "memory/space.hpp"
49 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
50 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
51 #include "oops/constantPool.hpp"
52 #include "oops/instanceClassLoaderKlass.hpp"
53 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
54 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
55 #include "oops/instanceRefKlass.hpp"
56 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
57 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
58 #include "prims/jvmtiRedefineClassesTrace.hpp"
59 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
60 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
61 #include "runtime/fprofiler.hpp"
62 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
63 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
64 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
65 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
66 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
67 #include "runtime/synchronizer.hpp"
68 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
69 #include "runtime/timer.hpp"
70 #include "runtime/vm_operations.hpp"
71 #include "services/memoryService.hpp"
72 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
73 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
74 #include "utilities/hashtable.inline.hpp"
75 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
76 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
77 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
78 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/cmsAdaptiveSizePolicy.hpp"
79 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/cmsCollectorPolicy.hpp"
80 #include "gc_implementation/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"
81 #include "gc_implementation/g1/g1CollectorPolicy.hpp"
82 #include "gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/parallelScavengeHeap.hpp"
83 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
84
85 PRAGMA_FORMAT_MUTE_WARNINGS_FOR_GCC
86
87 // Known objects
88 Klass* Universe::_boolArrayKlassObj = NULL;
89 Klass* Universe::_byteArrayKlassObj = NULL;
90 Klass* Universe::_charArrayKlassObj = NULL;
91 Klass* Universe::_intArrayKlassObj = NULL;
92 Klass* Universe::_shortArrayKlassObj = NULL;
93 Klass* Universe::_longArrayKlassObj = NULL;
94 Klass* Universe::_singleArrayKlassObj = NULL;
95 Klass* Universe::_doubleArrayKlassObj = NULL;
96 Klass* Universe::_typeArrayKlassObjs[T_VOID+1] = { NULL /*, NULL...*/ };
97 Klass* Universe::_objectArrayKlassObj = NULL;
98 oop Universe::_int_mirror = NULL;
99 oop Universe::_float_mirror = NULL;
100 oop Universe::_double_mirror = NULL;
101 oop Universe::_byte_mirror = NULL;
102 oop Universe::_bool_mirror = NULL;
103 oop Universe::_char_mirror = NULL;
104 oop Universe::_long_mirror = NULL;
105 oop Universe::_short_mirror = NULL;
106 oop Universe::_void_mirror = NULL;
107 oop Universe::_mirrors[T_VOID+1] = { NULL /*, NULL...*/ };
108 oop Universe::_main_thread_group = NULL;
109 oop Universe::_system_thread_group = NULL;
110 objArrayOop Universe::_the_empty_class_klass_array = NULL;
111 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_array_interfaces_array = NULL;
112 oop Universe::_the_null_string = NULL;
113 oop Universe::_the_min_jint_string = NULL;
114 LatestMethodCache* Universe::_finalizer_register_cache = NULL;
115 LatestMethodCache* Universe::_loader_addClass_cache = NULL;
116 LatestMethodCache* Universe::_pd_implies_cache = NULL;
117 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap = NULL;
118 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace = NULL;
119 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace = NULL;
120 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size = NULL;
121 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit = NULL;
122 objArrayOop Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = NULL;
123 volatile jint Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = 0;
124 bool Universe::_verify_in_progress = false;
125 oop Universe::_null_ptr_exception_instance = NULL;
126 oop Universe::_arithmetic_exception_instance = NULL;
127 oop Universe::_virtual_machine_error_instance = NULL;
128 oop Universe::_vm_exception = NULL;
129 oop Universe::_allocation_context_notification_obj = NULL;
130
131 Method* Universe::_throw_illegal_access_error = NULL;
132 Array<int>* Universe::_the_empty_int_array = NULL;
133 Array<u2>* Universe::_the_empty_short_array = NULL;
134 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_empty_klass_array = NULL;
135 Array<Method*>* Universe::_the_empty_method_array = NULL;
136
137 // These variables are guarded by FullGCALot_lock.
138 debug_only(objArrayOop Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_array = NULL;)
139 debug_only(int Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_next = 0;)
140
141 // Heap
142 int Universe::_verify_count = 0;
143
144 int Universe::_base_vtable_size = 0;
145 bool Universe::_bootstrapping = false;
146 bool Universe::_fully_initialized = false;
147
148 size_t Universe::_heap_capacity_at_last_gc;
149 size_t Universe::_heap_used_at_last_gc = 0;
150
151 CollectedHeap* Universe::_collectedHeap = NULL;
152
153 NarrowPtrStruct Universe::_narrow_oop = { NULL, 0, true };
154 NarrowPtrStruct Universe::_narrow_klass = { NULL, 0, true };
155 address Universe::_narrow_ptrs_base;
156
157 void Universe::basic_type_classes_do(void f(Klass*)) {
158 f(boolArrayKlassObj());
159 f(byteArrayKlassObj());
160 f(charArrayKlassObj());
161 f(intArrayKlassObj());
162 f(shortArrayKlassObj());
163 f(longArrayKlassObj());
164 f(singleArrayKlassObj());
165 f(doubleArrayKlassObj());
166 }
167
168 void Universe::oops_do(OopClosure* f, bool do_all) {
169
170 f->do_oop((oop*) &_int_mirror);
171 f->do_oop((oop*) &_float_mirror);
172 f->do_oop((oop*) &_double_mirror);
173 f->do_oop((oop*) &_byte_mirror);
174 f->do_oop((oop*) &_bool_mirror);
175 f->do_oop((oop*) &_char_mirror);
176 f->do_oop((oop*) &_long_mirror);
177 f->do_oop((oop*) &_short_mirror);
178 f->do_oop((oop*) &_void_mirror);
179
180 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
181 f->do_oop((oop*) &_mirrors[i]);
182 }
183 assert(_mirrors[0] == NULL && _mirrors[T_BOOLEAN - 1] == NULL, "checking");
184
185 f->do_oop((oop*)&_the_empty_class_klass_array);
186 f->do_oop((oop*)&_the_null_string);
187 f->do_oop((oop*)&_the_min_jint_string);
188 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_java_heap);
189 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_metaspace);
190 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace);
191 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_array_size);
192 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit);
193 f->do_oop((oop*)&_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array);
194 f->do_oop((oop*)&_null_ptr_exception_instance);
195 f->do_oop((oop*)&_arithmetic_exception_instance);
196 f->do_oop((oop*)&_virtual_machine_error_instance);
197 f->do_oop((oop*)&_main_thread_group);
198 f->do_oop((oop*)&_system_thread_group);
199 f->do_oop((oop*)&_vm_exception);
200 f->do_oop((oop*)&_allocation_context_notification_obj);
201 debug_only(f->do_oop((oop*)&_fullgc_alot_dummy_array);)
202 }
203
204 // Serialize metadata in and out of CDS archive, not oops.
205 void Universe::serialize(SerializeClosure* f, bool do_all) {
206
207 f->do_ptr((void**)&_boolArrayKlassObj);
208 f->do_ptr((void**)&_byteArrayKlassObj);
209 f->do_ptr((void**)&_charArrayKlassObj);
210 f->do_ptr((void**)&_intArrayKlassObj);
211 f->do_ptr((void**)&_shortArrayKlassObj);
212 f->do_ptr((void**)&_longArrayKlassObj);
213 f->do_ptr((void**)&_singleArrayKlassObj);
214 f->do_ptr((void**)&_doubleArrayKlassObj);
215 f->do_ptr((void**)&_objectArrayKlassObj);
216
217 {
218 for (int i = 0; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
219 if (_typeArrayKlassObjs[i] != NULL) {
220 assert(i >= T_BOOLEAN, "checking");
221 f->do_ptr((void**)&_typeArrayKlassObjs[i]);
222 } else if (do_all) {
223 f->do_ptr((void**)&_typeArrayKlassObjs[i]);
224 }
225 }
226 }
227
228 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_array_interfaces_array);
229 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_int_array);
230 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_short_array);
231 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_method_array);
232 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_klass_array);
233 _finalizer_register_cache->serialize(f);
234 _loader_addClass_cache->serialize(f);
235 _pd_implies_cache->serialize(f);
236 }
237
238 void Universe::check_alignment(uintx size, uintx alignment, const char* name) {
239 if (size < alignment || size % alignment != 0) {
240 vm_exit_during_initialization(
241 err_msg("Size of %s (" UINTX_FORMAT " bytes) must be aligned to " UINTX_FORMAT " bytes", name, size, alignment));
242 }
243 }
244
245 void initialize_basic_type_klass(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
246 Klass* ok = SystemDictionary::Object_klass();
247 if (UseSharedSpaces) {
248 ClassLoaderData* loader_data = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
249 assert(k->super() == ok, "u3");
250 k->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), CHECK);
251 } else {
252 k->initialize_supers(ok, CHECK);
253 }
254 k->append_to_sibling_list();
255 }
256
257 void Universe::genesis(TRAPS) {
258 ResourceMark rm;
259
260 { FlagSetting fs(_bootstrapping, true);
261
262 { MutexLocker mc(Compile_lock);
263
264 // determine base vtable size; without that we cannot create the array klasses
265 compute_base_vtable_size();
266
267 if (!UseSharedSpaces) {
268 _boolArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_BOOLEAN, sizeof(jboolean), CHECK);
269 _charArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_CHAR, sizeof(jchar), CHECK);
270 _singleArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_FLOAT, sizeof(jfloat), CHECK);
271 _doubleArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_DOUBLE, sizeof(jdouble), CHECK);
272 _byteArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_BYTE, sizeof(jbyte), CHECK);
273 _shortArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_SHORT, sizeof(jshort), CHECK);
274 _intArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_INT, sizeof(jint), CHECK);
275 _longArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_LONG, sizeof(jlong), CHECK);
276
277 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_BOOLEAN] = _boolArrayKlassObj;
278 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_CHAR] = _charArrayKlassObj;
279 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_FLOAT] = _singleArrayKlassObj;
280 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_DOUBLE] = _doubleArrayKlassObj;
281 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_BYTE] = _byteArrayKlassObj;
282 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_SHORT] = _shortArrayKlassObj;
283 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_INT] = _intArrayKlassObj;
284 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_LONG] = _longArrayKlassObj;
285
286 ClassLoaderData* null_cld = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
287
288 _the_array_interfaces_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 2, NULL, CHECK);
289 _the_empty_int_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<int>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
290 _the_empty_short_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
291 _the_empty_method_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Method*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
292 _the_empty_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
293 }
294 }
295
296 vmSymbols::initialize(CHECK);
297
298 SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK);
299
300 Klass* ok = SystemDictionary::Object_klass();
301
302 _the_null_string = StringTable::intern("null", CHECK);
303 _the_min_jint_string = StringTable::intern("-2147483648", CHECK);
304
305 if (UseSharedSpaces) {
306 // Verify shared interfaces array.
307 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(0) ==
308 SystemDictionary::Cloneable_klass(), "u3");
309 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(1) ==
310 SystemDictionary::Serializable_klass(), "u3");
311 } else {
312 // Set up shared interfaces array. (Do this before supers are set up.)
313 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(0, SystemDictionary::Cloneable_klass());
314 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(1, SystemDictionary::Serializable_klass());
315 }
316
317 initialize_basic_type_klass(boolArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
318 initialize_basic_type_klass(charArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
319 initialize_basic_type_klass(singleArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
320 initialize_basic_type_klass(doubleArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
321 initialize_basic_type_klass(byteArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
322 initialize_basic_type_klass(shortArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
323 initialize_basic_type_klass(intArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
324 initialize_basic_type_klass(longArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
325 } // end of core bootstrapping
326
327 // Maybe this could be lifted up now that object array can be initialized
328 // during the bootstrapping.
329
330 // OLD
331 // Initialize _objectArrayKlass after core bootstraping to make
332 // sure the super class is set up properly for _objectArrayKlass.
333 // ---
334 // NEW
335 // Since some of the old system object arrays have been converted to
336 // ordinary object arrays, _objectArrayKlass will be loaded when
337 // SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK); is run. See the extra check
338 // for Object_klass_loaded in objArrayKlassKlass::allocate_objArray_klass_impl.
339 _objectArrayKlassObj = InstanceKlass::
340 cast(SystemDictionary::Object_klass())->array_klass(1, CHECK);
341 // OLD
342 // Add the class to the class hierarchy manually to make sure that
343 // its vtable is initialized after core bootstrapping is completed.
344 // ---
345 // New
346 // Have already been initialized.
347 _objectArrayKlassObj->append_to_sibling_list();
348
349 // Compute is_jdk version flags.
350 // Only 1.3 or later has the java.lang.Shutdown class.
351 // Only 1.4 or later has the java.lang.CharSequence interface.
352 // Only 1.5 or later has the java.lang.management.MemoryUsage class.
353 if (JDK_Version::is_partially_initialized()) {
354 uint8_t jdk_version;
355 Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(
356 vmSymbols::java_lang_management_MemoryUsage(), THREAD);
357 CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION; // ignore exceptions
358 if (k == NULL) {
359 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(
360 vmSymbols::java_lang_CharSequence(), THREAD);
361 CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION; // ignore exceptions
362 if (k == NULL) {
363 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(
364 vmSymbols::java_lang_Shutdown(), THREAD);
365 CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION; // ignore exceptions
366 if (k == NULL) {
367 jdk_version = 2;
368 } else {
369 jdk_version = 3;
370 }
371 } else {
372 jdk_version = 4;
373 }
374 } else {
375 jdk_version = 5;
376 }
377 JDK_Version::fully_initialize(jdk_version);
378 }
379
380 #ifdef ASSERT
381 if (FullGCALot) {
382 // Allocate an array of dummy objects.
383 // We'd like these to be at the bottom of the old generation,
384 // so that when we free one and then collect,
385 // (almost) the whole heap moves
386 // and we find out if we actually update all the oops correctly.
387 // But we can't allocate directly in the old generation,
388 // so we allocate wherever, and hope that the first collection
389 // moves these objects to the bottom of the old generation.
390 // We can allocate directly in the permanent generation, so we do.
391 int size;
392 if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
393 warning("Using +FullGCALot with concurrent mark sweep gc "
394 "will not force all objects to relocate");
395 size = FullGCALotDummies;
396 } else {
397 size = FullGCALotDummies * 2;
398 }
399 objArrayOop naked_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), size, CHECK);
400 objArrayHandle dummy_array(THREAD, naked_array);
401 int i = 0;
402 while (i < size) {
403 // Allocate dummy in old generation
404 oop dummy = InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::Object_klass())->allocate_instance(CHECK);
405 dummy_array->obj_at_put(i++, dummy);
406 }
407 {
408 // Only modify the global variable inside the mutex.
409 // If we had a race to here, the other dummy_array instances
410 // and their elements just get dropped on the floor, which is fine.
411 MutexLocker ml(FullGCALot_lock);
412 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_array == NULL) {
413 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = dummy_array();
414 }
415 }
416 assert(i == _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->length(), "just checking");
417 }
418 #endif
419
420 // Initialize dependency array for null class loader
421 ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data()->init_dependencies(CHECK);
422
423 }
424
425 // CDS support for patching vtables in metadata in the shared archive.
426 // All types inherited from Metadata have vtables, but not types inherited
427 // from MetaspaceObj, because the latter does not have virtual functions.
428 // If the metadata type has a vtable, it cannot be shared in the read-only
429 // section of the CDS archive, because the vtable pointer is patched.
430 static inline void add_vtable(void** list, int* n, void* o, int count) {
431 guarantee((*n) < count, "vtable list too small");
432 void* vtable = dereference_vptr(o);
433 assert(*(void**)(vtable) != NULL, "invalid vtable");
434 list[(*n)++] = vtable;
435 }
436
437 void Universe::init_self_patching_vtbl_list(void** list, int count) {
438 int n = 0;
439 { InstanceKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
440 { InstanceClassLoaderKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
441 { InstanceMirrorKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
442 { InstanceRefKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
443 { TypeArrayKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
444 { ObjArrayKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
445 { Method o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
446 { ConstantPool o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
447 }
448
449 void Universe::initialize_basic_type_mirrors(TRAPS) {
450 assert(_int_mirror==NULL, "basic type mirrors already initialized");
451 _int_mirror =
452 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("int", T_INT, CHECK);
453 _float_mirror =
454 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("float", T_FLOAT, CHECK);
455 _double_mirror =
456 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("double", T_DOUBLE, CHECK);
457 _byte_mirror =
458 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("byte", T_BYTE, CHECK);
459 _bool_mirror =
460 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("boolean",T_BOOLEAN, CHECK);
461 _char_mirror =
462 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("char", T_CHAR, CHECK);
463 _long_mirror =
464 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("long", T_LONG, CHECK);
465 _short_mirror =
466 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("short", T_SHORT, CHECK);
467 _void_mirror =
468 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("void", T_VOID, CHECK);
469
470 _mirrors[T_INT] = _int_mirror;
471 _mirrors[T_FLOAT] = _float_mirror;
472 _mirrors[T_DOUBLE] = _double_mirror;
473 _mirrors[T_BYTE] = _byte_mirror;
474 _mirrors[T_BOOLEAN] = _bool_mirror;
475 _mirrors[T_CHAR] = _char_mirror;
476 _mirrors[T_LONG] = _long_mirror;
477 _mirrors[T_SHORT] = _short_mirror;
478 _mirrors[T_VOID] = _void_mirror;
479 //_mirrors[T_OBJECT] = InstanceKlass::cast(_object_klass)->java_mirror();
480 //_mirrors[T_ARRAY] = InstanceKlass::cast(_object_klass)->java_mirror();
481 }
482
483 void Universe::fixup_mirrors(TRAPS) {
484 // Bootstrap problem: all classes gets a mirror (java.lang.Class instance) assigned eagerly,
485 // but we cannot do that for classes created before java.lang.Class is loaded. Here we simply
486 // walk over permanent objects created so far (mostly classes) and fixup their mirrors. Note
487 // that the number of objects allocated at this point is very small.
488 assert(SystemDictionary::Class_klass_loaded(), "java.lang.Class should be loaded");
489 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
490 // Cache the start of the static fields
491 InstanceMirrorKlass::init_offset_of_static_fields();
492
493 GrowableArray <Klass*>* list = java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
494 int list_length = list->length();
495 for (int i = 0; i < list_length; i++) {
496 Klass* k = list->at(i);
497 assert(k->is_klass(), "List should only hold classes");
498 EXCEPTION_MARK;
499 KlassHandle kh(THREAD, k);
500 java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror(kh, CATCH);
501 }
502 delete java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
503 java_lang_Class::set_fixup_mirror_list(NULL);
504 }
505
506 static bool has_run_finalizers_on_exit = false;
507
508 void Universe::run_finalizers_on_exit() {
509 if (has_run_finalizers_on_exit) return;
510 has_run_finalizers_on_exit = true;
511
512 // Called on VM exit. This ought to be run in a separate thread.
513 if (TraceReferenceGC) tty->print_cr("Callback to run finalizers on exit");
514 {
515 PRESERVE_EXCEPTION_MARK;
516 KlassHandle finalizer_klass(THREAD, SystemDictionary::Finalizer_klass());
517 JavaValue result(T_VOID);
518 JavaCalls::call_static(
519 &result,
520 finalizer_klass,
521 vmSymbols::run_finalizers_on_exit_name(),
522 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
523 THREAD
524 );
525 // Ignore any pending exceptions
526 CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
527 }
528 }
529
530
531 // initialize_vtable could cause gc if
532 // 1) we specified true to initialize_vtable and
533 // 2) this ran after gc was enabled
534 // In case those ever change we use handles for oops
535 void Universe::reinitialize_vtable_of(KlassHandle k_h, TRAPS) {
536 // init vtable of k and all subclasses
537 Klass* ko = k_h();
538 klassVtable* vt = ko->vtable();
539 if (vt) vt->initialize_vtable(false, CHECK);
540 if (ko->oop_is_instance()) {
541 InstanceKlass* ik = (InstanceKlass*)ko;
542 for (KlassHandle s_h(THREAD, ik->subklass());
543 s_h() != NULL;
544 s_h = KlassHandle(THREAD, s_h()->next_sibling())) {
545 reinitialize_vtable_of(s_h, CHECK);
546 }
547 }
548 }
549
550
551 void initialize_itable_for_klass(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
552 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->itable()->initialize_itable(false, CHECK);
553 }
554
555
556 void Universe::reinitialize_itables(TRAPS) {
557 SystemDictionary::classes_do(initialize_itable_for_klass, CHECK);
558
559 }
560
561
562 bool Universe::on_page_boundary(void* addr) {
563 return ((uintptr_t) addr) % os::vm_page_size() == 0;
564 }
565
566
567 bool Universe::should_fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable) {
568 // never attempt to fill in the stack trace of preallocated errors that do not have
569 // backtrace. These errors are kept alive forever and may be "re-used" when all
570 // preallocated errors with backtrace have been consumed. Also need to avoid
571 // a potential loop which could happen if an out of memory occurs when attempting
572 // to allocate the backtrace.
573 return ((throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap) &&
574 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace) &&
575 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace) &&
576 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size) &&
577 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit));
578 }
579
580
581 oop Universe::gen_out_of_memory_error(oop default_err) {
582 // generate an out of memory error:
583 // - if there is a preallocated error with backtrace available then return it wth
584 // a filled in stack trace.
585 // - if there are no preallocated errors with backtrace available then return
586 // an error without backtrace.
587 int next;
588 if (_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count > 0) {
589 next = (int)Atomic::add(-1, &_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count);
590 assert(next < (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount, "avail count is corrupt");
591 } else {
592 next = -1;
593 }
594 if (next < 0) {
595 // all preallocated errors have been used.
596 // return default
597 return default_err;
598 } else {
599 // get the error object at the slot and set set it to NULL so that the
600 // array isn't keeping it alive anymore.
601 oop exc = preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(next);
602 assert(exc != NULL, "slot has been used already");
603 preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at_put(next, NULL);
604
605 // use the message from the default error
606 oop msg = java_lang_Throwable::message(default_err);
607 assert(msg != NULL, "no message");
608 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(exc, msg);
609
610 // populate the stack trace and return it.
611 java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(exc);
612 return exc;
613 }
614 }
615
616 intptr_t Universe::_non_oop_bits = 0;
617
618 void* Universe::non_oop_word() {
619 // Neither the high bits nor the low bits of this value is allowed
620 // to look like (respectively) the high or low bits of a real oop.
621 //
622 // High and low are CPU-specific notions, but low always includes
623 // the low-order bit. Since oops are always aligned at least mod 4,
624 // setting the low-order bit will ensure that the low half of the
625 // word will never look like that of a real oop.
626 //
627 // Using the OS-supplied non-memory-address word (usually 0 or -1)
628 // will take care of the high bits, however many there are.
629
630 if (_non_oop_bits == 0) {
631 _non_oop_bits = (intptr_t)os::non_memory_address_word() | 1;
632 }
633
634 return (void*)_non_oop_bits;
635 }
636
637 jint universe_init() {
638 assert(!Universe::_fully_initialized, "called after initialize_vtables");
639 guarantee(1 << LogHeapWordSize == sizeof(HeapWord),
640 "LogHeapWordSize is incorrect.");
641 guarantee(sizeof(oop) >= sizeof(HeapWord), "HeapWord larger than oop?");
642 guarantee(sizeof(oop) % sizeof(HeapWord) == 0,
643 "oop size is not not a multiple of HeapWord size");
644 TraceTime timer("Genesis", TraceStartupTime);
645 JavaClasses::compute_hard_coded_offsets();
646
647 jint status = Universe::initialize_heap();
648 if (status != JNI_OK) {
649 return status;
650 }
651
652 Metaspace::global_initialize();
653
654 // Create memory for metadata. Must be after initializing heap for
655 // DumpSharedSpaces.
656 ClassLoaderData::init_null_class_loader_data();
657
658 // We have a heap so create the Method* caches before
659 // Metaspace::initialize_shared_spaces() tries to populate them.
660 Universe::_finalizer_register_cache = new LatestMethodCache();
661 Universe::_loader_addClass_cache = new LatestMethodCache();
662 Universe::_pd_implies_cache = new LatestMethodCache();
663
664 if (UseSharedSpaces) {
665 // Read the data structures supporting the shared spaces (shared
666 // system dictionary, symbol table, etc.). After that, access to
667 // the file (other than the mapped regions) is no longer needed, and
668 // the file is closed. Closing the file does not affect the
669 // currently mapped regions.
670 MetaspaceShared::initialize_shared_spaces();
671 StringTable::create_table();
672 } else {
673 SymbolTable::create_table();
674 StringTable::create_table();
675 ClassLoader::create_package_info_table();
676
677 if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
678 MetaspaceShared::prepare_for_dumping();
679 }
680 }
681
682 return JNI_OK;
683 }
684
685 // Choose the heap base address and oop encoding mode
686 // when compressed oops are used:
687 // Unscaled - Use 32-bits oops without encoding when
688 // NarrowOopHeapBaseMin + heap_size < 4Gb
689 // ZeroBased - Use zero based compressed oops with encoding when
690 // NarrowOopHeapBaseMin + heap_size < 32Gb
691 // HeapBased - Use compressed oops with heap base + encoding.
692
693 // 4Gb
694 static const uint64_t UnscaledOopHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1);
695 // 32Gb
696 // OopEncodingHeapMax == UnscaledOopHeapMax << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
697
698 char* Universe::preferred_heap_base(size_t heap_size, size_t alignment, NARROW_OOP_MODE mode) {
699 assert(is_size_aligned((size_t)OopEncodingHeapMax, alignment), "Must be");
700 assert(is_size_aligned((size_t)UnscaledOopHeapMax, alignment), "Must be");
701 assert(is_size_aligned(heap_size, alignment), "Must be");
702
703 uintx heap_base_min_address_aligned = align_size_up(HeapBaseMinAddress, alignment);
704
705 size_t base = 0;
706 #ifdef _LP64
707 if (UseCompressedOops) {
708 assert(mode == UnscaledNarrowOop ||
709 mode == ZeroBasedNarrowOop ||
710 mode == HeapBasedNarrowOop, "mode is invalid");
711 const size_t total_size = heap_size + heap_base_min_address_aligned;
712 // Return specified base for the first request.
713 if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress) && (mode == UnscaledNarrowOop)) {
714 base = heap_base_min_address_aligned;
715
716 // If the total size is small enough to allow UnscaledNarrowOop then
717 // just use UnscaledNarrowOop.
718 } else if ((total_size <= OopEncodingHeapMax) && (mode != HeapBasedNarrowOop)) {
719 if ((total_size <= UnscaledOopHeapMax) && (mode == UnscaledNarrowOop) &&
720 (Universe::narrow_oop_shift() == 0)) {
721 // Use 32-bits oops without encoding and
722 // place heap's top on the 4Gb boundary
723 base = (UnscaledOopHeapMax - heap_size);
724 } else {
725 // Can't reserve with NarrowOopShift == 0
726 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes);
727
728 if (mode == UnscaledNarrowOop ||
729 mode == ZeroBasedNarrowOop && total_size <= UnscaledOopHeapMax) {
730
731 // Use zero based compressed oops with encoding and
732 // place heap's top on the 32Gb boundary in case
733 // total_size > 4Gb or failed to reserve below 4Gb.
734 uint64_t heap_top = OopEncodingHeapMax;
735
736 // For small heaps, save some space for compressed class pointer
737 // space so it can be decoded with no base.
738 if (UseCompressedClassPointers && !UseSharedSpaces &&
739 OopEncodingHeapMax <= 32*G) {
740
741 uint64_t class_space = align_size_up(CompressedClassSpaceSize, alignment);
742 assert(is_size_aligned((size_t)OopEncodingHeapMax-class_space,
743 alignment), "difference must be aligned too");
744 uint64_t new_top = OopEncodingHeapMax-class_space;
745
746 if (total_size <= new_top) {
747 heap_top = new_top;
748 }
749 }
750
751 // Align base to the adjusted top of the heap
752 base = heap_top - heap_size;
753 }
754 }
755 } else {
756 // UnscaledNarrowOop encoding didn't work, and no base was found for ZeroBasedOops or
757 // HeapBasedNarrowOop encoding was requested. So, can't reserve below 32Gb.
758 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes);
759 }
760
761 // Set narrow_oop_base and narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks
762 // used in ReservedHeapSpace() constructors.
763 // The final values will be set in initialize_heap() below.
764 if ((base != 0) && ((base + heap_size) <= OopEncodingHeapMax)) {
765 // Use zero based compressed oops
766 Universe::set_narrow_oop_base(NULL);
767 // Don't need guard page for implicit checks in indexed
768 // addressing mode with zero based Compressed Oops.
769 Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(true);
770 } else {
771 // Set to a non-NULL value so the ReservedSpace ctor computes
772 // the correct no-access prefix.
773 // The final value will be set in initialize_heap() below.
774 Universe::set_narrow_oop_base((address)UnscaledOopHeapMax);
775 #if defined(_WIN64) || defined(AIX)
776 if (UseLargePages) {
777 // Cannot allocate guard pages for implicit checks in indexed
778 // addressing mode when large pages are specified on windows.
779 Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(false);
780 }
781 #endif // _WIN64
782 }
783 }
784 #endif
785
786 assert(is_ptr_aligned((char*)base, alignment), "Must be");
787 return (char*)base; // also return NULL (don't care) for 32-bit VM
788 }
789
790 jint Universe::initialize_heap() {
791
792 if (UseParallelGC) {
793 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
794 Universe::_collectedHeap = new ParallelScavengeHeap();
795 #else // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
796 fatal("UseParallelGC not supported in this VM.");
797 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
798
799 } else if (UseG1GC) {
800 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
801 G1CollectorPolicy* g1p = new G1CollectorPolicy();
802 g1p->initialize_all();
803 G1CollectedHeap* g1h = new G1CollectedHeap(g1p);
804 Universe::_collectedHeap = g1h;
805 #else // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
806 fatal("UseG1GC not supported in java kernel vm.");
807 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
808
809 } else {
810 GenCollectorPolicy *gc_policy;
811
812 if (UseSerialGC) {
813 gc_policy = new MarkSweepPolicy();
814 } else if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
815 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
816 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
817 gc_policy = new ASConcurrentMarkSweepPolicy();
818 } else {
819 gc_policy = new ConcurrentMarkSweepPolicy();
820 }
821 #else // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
822 fatal("UseConcMarkSweepGC not supported in this VM.");
823 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
824 } else { // default old generation
825 gc_policy = new MarkSweepPolicy();
826 }
827 gc_policy->initialize_all();
828
829 Universe::_collectedHeap = new GenCollectedHeap(gc_policy);
830 }
831
832 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::set_max_size(Universe::heap()->max_tlab_size());
833
834 jint status = Universe::heap()->initialize();
835 if (status != JNI_OK) {
836 return status;
837 }
838
839 #ifdef _LP64
840 if (UseCompressedOops) {
841 // Subtract a page because something can get allocated at heap base.
842 // This also makes implicit null checking work, because the
843 // memory+1 page below heap_base needs to cause a signal.
844 // See needs_explicit_null_check.
845 // Only set the heap base for compressed oops because it indicates
846 // compressed oops for pstack code.
847 bool verbose = PrintCompressedOopsMode || (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose);
848 if (verbose) {
849 tty->cr();
850 tty->print("heap address: " PTR_FORMAT ", size: " SIZE_FORMAT " MB",
851 Universe::heap()->base(), Universe::heap()->reserved_region().byte_size()/M);
852 }
853 if (((uint64_t)Universe::heap()->reserved_region().end() > OopEncodingHeapMax)) {
854 // Can't reserve heap below 32Gb.
855 // keep the Universe::narrow_oop_base() set in Universe::reserve_heap()
856 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes);
857 #ifdef AIX
858 // There is no protected page before the heap. This assures all oops
859 // are decoded so that NULL is preserved, so this page will not be accessed.
860 Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(false);
861 #endif
862 if (verbose) {
863 tty->print(", %s: "PTR_FORMAT,
864 narrow_oop_mode_to_string(HeapBasedNarrowOop),
865 Universe::narrow_oop_base());
866 }
867 } else {
868 Universe::set_narrow_oop_base(0);
869 if (verbose) {
870 tty->print(", %s", narrow_oop_mode_to_string(ZeroBasedNarrowOop));
871 }
872 #ifdef _WIN64
873 if (!Universe::narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks()) {
874 // Don't need guard page for implicit checks in indexed addressing
875 // mode with zero based Compressed Oops.
876 Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(true);
877 }
878 #endif // _WIN64
879 if((uint64_t)Universe::heap()->reserved_region().end() > UnscaledOopHeapMax) {
880 // Can't reserve heap below 4Gb.
881 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes);
882 } else {
883 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(0);
884 if (verbose) {
885 tty->print(", %s", narrow_oop_mode_to_string(UnscaledNarrowOop));
886 }
887 }
888 }
889
890 if (verbose) {
891 tty->cr();
892 tty->cr();
893 }
894 Universe::set_narrow_ptrs_base(Universe::narrow_oop_base());
895 }
896 // Universe::narrow_oop_base() is one page below the heap.
897 assert((intptr_t)Universe::narrow_oop_base() <= (intptr_t)(Universe::heap()->base() -
898 os::vm_page_size()) ||
899 Universe::narrow_oop_base() == NULL, "invalid value");
900 assert(Universe::narrow_oop_shift() == LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes ||
901 Universe::narrow_oop_shift() == 0, "invalid value");
902 #endif
903
904 // We will never reach the CATCH below since Exceptions::_throw will cause
905 // the VM to exit if an exception is thrown during initialization
906
907 if (UseTLAB) {
908 assert(Universe::heap()->supports_tlab_allocation(),
909 "Should support thread-local allocation buffers");
910 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::startup_initialization();
911 }
912 return JNI_OK;
913 }
914
915
916 // Reserve the Java heap, which is now the same for all GCs.
917 ReservedSpace Universe::reserve_heap(size_t heap_size, size_t alignment) {
918 assert(alignment <= Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment(),
919 err_msg("actual alignment "SIZE_FORMAT" must be within maximum heap alignment "SIZE_FORMAT,
920 alignment, Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment()));
921 size_t total_reserved = align_size_up(heap_size, alignment);
922 assert(!UseCompressedOops || (total_reserved <= (OopEncodingHeapMax - os::vm_page_size())),
923 "heap size is too big for compressed oops");
924
925 bool use_large_pages = UseLargePages && is_size_aligned(alignment, os::large_page_size());
926 assert(!UseLargePages
927 || UseParallelGC
928 || use_large_pages, "Wrong alignment to use large pages");
929
930 char* addr = Universe::preferred_heap_base(total_reserved, alignment, Universe::UnscaledNarrowOop);
931
932 ReservedHeapSpace total_rs(total_reserved, alignment, use_large_pages, addr);
933
934 if (UseCompressedOops) {
935 if (addr != NULL && !total_rs.is_reserved()) {
936 // Failed to reserve at specified address - the requested memory
937 // region is taken already, for example, by 'java' launcher.
938 // Try again to reserver heap higher.
939 addr = Universe::preferred_heap_base(total_reserved, alignment, Universe::ZeroBasedNarrowOop);
940
941 ReservedHeapSpace total_rs0(total_reserved, alignment,
942 use_large_pages, addr);
943
944 if (addr != NULL && !total_rs0.is_reserved()) {
945 // Failed to reserve at specified address again - give up.
946 addr = Universe::preferred_heap_base(total_reserved, alignment, Universe::HeapBasedNarrowOop);
947 assert(addr == NULL, "");
948
949 ReservedHeapSpace total_rs1(total_reserved, alignment,
950 use_large_pages, addr);
951 total_rs = total_rs1;
952 } else {
953 total_rs = total_rs0;
954 }
955 }
956 }
957
958 if (!total_rs.is_reserved()) {
959 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("Could not reserve enough space for " SIZE_FORMAT "KB object heap", total_reserved/K));
960 return total_rs;
961 }
962
963 if (UseCompressedOops) {
964 // Universe::initialize_heap() will reset this to NULL if unscaled
965 // or zero-based narrow oops are actually used.
966 address base = (address)(total_rs.base() - os::vm_page_size());
967 Universe::set_narrow_oop_base(base);
968 }
969 return total_rs;
970 }
971
972
973 // It's the caller's responsibility to ensure glitch-freedom
974 // (if required).
975 void Universe::update_heap_info_at_gc() {
976 _heap_capacity_at_last_gc = heap()->capacity();
977 _heap_used_at_last_gc = heap()->used();
978 }
979
980
981 const char* Universe::narrow_oop_mode_to_string(Universe::NARROW_OOP_MODE mode) {
982 switch (mode) {
983 case UnscaledNarrowOop:
984 return "32-bits Oops";
985 case ZeroBasedNarrowOop:
986 return "zero based Compressed Oops";
987 case HeapBasedNarrowOop:
988 return "Compressed Oops with base";
989 }
990
991 ShouldNotReachHere();
992 return "";
993 }
994
995
996 Universe::NARROW_OOP_MODE Universe::narrow_oop_mode() {
997 if (narrow_oop_base() != 0) {
998 return HeapBasedNarrowOop;
999 }
1000
1001 if (narrow_oop_shift() != 0) {
1002 return ZeroBasedNarrowOop;
1003 }
1004
1005 return UnscaledNarrowOop;
1006 }
1007
1008
1009 void universe2_init() {
1010 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1011 Universe::genesis(CATCH);
1012 }
1013
1014
1015 // This function is defined in JVM.cpp
1016 extern void initialize_converter_functions();
1017
1018 bool universe_post_init() {
1019 assert(!is_init_completed(), "Error: initialization not yet completed!");
1020 Universe::_fully_initialized = true;
1021 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1022 { ResourceMark rm;
1023 Interpreter::initialize(); // needed for interpreter entry points
1024 if (!UseSharedSpaces) {
1025 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1026 KlassHandle ok_h(THREAD, SystemDictionary::Object_klass());
1027 Universe::reinitialize_vtable_of(ok_h, CHECK_false);
1028 Universe::reinitialize_itables(CHECK_false);
1029 }
1030 }
1031
1032 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1033 Klass* k;
1034 instanceKlassHandle k_h;
1035 // Setup preallocated empty java.lang.Class array
1036 Universe::_the_empty_class_klass_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Class_klass(), 0, CHECK_false);
1037
1038 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
1039 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError(), true, CHECK_false);
1040 k_h = instanceKlassHandle(THREAD, k);
1041 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1042 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1043 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1044 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1045 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit =
1046 k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1047
1048 // Setup preallocated NullPointerException
1049 // (this is currently used for a cheap & dirty solution in compiler exception handling)
1050 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), true, CHECK_false);
1051 Universe::_null_ptr_exception_instance = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1052 // Setup preallocated ArithmeticException
1053 // (this is currently used for a cheap & dirty solution in compiler exception handling)
1054 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArithmeticException(), true, CHECK_false);
1055 Universe::_arithmetic_exception_instance = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1056 // Virtual Machine Error for when we get into a situation we can't resolve
1057 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(
1058 vmSymbols::java_lang_VirtualMachineError(), true, CHECK_false);
1059 bool linked = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->link_class_or_fail(CHECK_false);
1060 if (!linked) {
1061 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify VirtualMachineError class");
1062 return false; // initialization failed
1063 }
1064 Universe::_virtual_machine_error_instance =
1065 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1066
1067 Universe::_vm_exception = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1068
1069 if (!DumpSharedSpaces) {
1070 // These are the only Java fields that are currently set during shared space dumping.
1071 // We prefer to not handle this generally, so we always reinitialize these detail messages.
1072 Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space", CHECK_false);
1073 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap, msg());
1074
1075 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Metaspace", CHECK_false);
1076 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace, msg());
1077 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Compressed class space", CHECK_false);
1078 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace, msg());
1079
1080 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Requested array size exceeds VM limit", CHECK_false);
1081 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size, msg());
1082
1083 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("GC overhead limit exceeded", CHECK_false);
1084 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit, msg());
1085
1086 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("/ by zero", CHECK_false);
1087 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_arithmetic_exception_instance, msg());
1088
1089 // Setup the array of errors that have preallocated backtrace
1090 k = Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap->klass();
1091 assert(k->name() == vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError(), "should be out of memory error");
1092 k_h = instanceKlassHandle(THREAD, k);
1093
1094 int len = (StackTraceInThrowable) ? (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount : 0;
1095 Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(k_h(), len, CHECK_false);
1096 for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
1097 oop err = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1098 Handle err_h = Handle(THREAD, err);
1099 java_lang_Throwable::allocate_backtrace(err_h, CHECK_false);
1100 Universe::preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at_put(i, err_h());
1101 }
1102 Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = (jint)len;
1103 }
1104
1105
1106 // Setup static method for registering finalizers
1107 // The finalizer klass must be linked before looking up the method, in
1108 // case it needs to get rewritten.
1109 InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::Finalizer_klass())->link_class(CHECK_false);
1110 Method* m = InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::Finalizer_klass())->find_method(
1111 vmSymbols::register_method_name(),
1112 vmSymbols::register_method_signature());
1113 if (m == NULL || !m->is_static()) {
1114 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify Finalizer.register method");
1115 return false; // initialization failed (cannot throw exception yet)
1116 }
1117 Universe::_finalizer_register_cache->init(
1118 SystemDictionary::Finalizer_klass(), m);
1119
1120 InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::misc_Unsafe_klass())->link_class(CHECK_false);
1121 m = InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::misc_Unsafe_klass())->find_method(
1122 vmSymbols::throwIllegalAccessError_name(),
1123 vmSymbols::void_method_signature());
1124 if (m != NULL && !m->is_static()) {
1125 // Note null is okay; this method is used in itables, and if it is null,
1126 // then AbstractMethodError is thrown instead.
1127 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify Unsafe.throwIllegalAccessError method");
1128 return false; // initialization failed (cannot throw exception yet)
1129 }
1130 Universe::_throw_illegal_access_error = m;
1131
1132 // Setup method for registering loaded classes in class loader vector
1133 InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::ClassLoader_klass())->link_class(CHECK_false);
1134 m = InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::ClassLoader_klass())->find_method(vmSymbols::addClass_name(), vmSymbols::class_void_signature());
1135 if (m == NULL || m->is_static()) {
1136 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify ClassLoader.addClass method");
1137 return false; // initialization failed (cannot throw exception yet)
1138 }
1139 Universe::_loader_addClass_cache->init(
1140 SystemDictionary::ClassLoader_klass(), m);
1141
1142 // Setup method for checking protection domain
1143 InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::ProtectionDomain_klass())->link_class(CHECK_false);
1144 m = InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::ProtectionDomain_klass())->
1145 find_method(vmSymbols::impliesCreateAccessControlContext_name(),
1146 vmSymbols::void_boolean_signature());
1147 // Allow NULL which should only happen with bootstrapping.
1148 if (m != NULL) {
1149 if (m->is_static()) {
1150 // NoSuchMethodException doesn't actually work because it tries to run the
1151 // <init> function before java_lang_Class is linked. Print error and exit.
1152 tty->print_cr("ProtectionDomain.impliesCreateAccessControlContext() has the wrong linkage");
1153 return false; // initialization failed
1154 }
1155 Universe::_pd_implies_cache->init(
1156 SystemDictionary::ProtectionDomain_klass(), m);;
1157 }
1158
1159 // The folowing is initializing converter functions for serialization in
1160 // JVM.cpp. If we clean up the StrictMath code above we may want to find
1161 // a better solution for this as well.
1162 initialize_converter_functions();
1163
1164 // This needs to be done before the first scavenge/gc, since
1165 // it's an input to soft ref clearing policy.
1166 {
1167 MutexLocker x(Heap_lock);
1168 Universe::update_heap_info_at_gc();
1169 }
1170
1171 // ("weak") refs processing infrastructure initialization
1172 Universe::heap()->post_initialize();
1173
1174 // Initialize performance counters for metaspaces
1175 MetaspaceCounters::initialize_performance_counters();
1176 CompressedClassSpaceCounters::initialize_performance_counters();
1177
1178 MemoryService::add_metaspace_memory_pools();
1179
1180 MemoryService::set_universe_heap(Universe::_collectedHeap);
1181 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1182 if (UseSharedSpaces) {
1183 SharedClassUtil::initialize(CHECK_false);
1184 }
1185 #endif
1186 return true;
1187 }
1188
1189
1190 void Universe::compute_base_vtable_size() {
1191 _base_vtable_size = ClassLoader::compute_Object_vtable();
1192 }
1193
1194
1195 // %%% The Universe::flush_foo methods belong in CodeCache.
1196
1197 // Flushes compiled methods dependent on dependee.
1198 void Universe::flush_dependents_on(instanceKlassHandle dependee) {
1199 assert_lock_strong(Compile_lock);
1200
1201 if (CodeCache::number_of_nmethods_with_dependencies() == 0) return;
1202
1203 // CodeCache can only be updated by a thread_in_VM and they will all be
1204 // stopped dring the safepoint so CodeCache will be safe to update without
1205 // holding the CodeCache_lock.
1206
1207 KlassDepChange changes(dependee);
1208
1209 // Compute the dependent nmethods
1210 if (CodeCache::mark_for_deoptimization(changes) > 0) {
1211 // At least one nmethod has been marked for deoptimization
1212 VM_Deoptimize op;
1213 VMThread::execute(&op);
1214 }
1215 }
1216
1217 // Flushes compiled methods dependent on a particular CallSite
1218 // instance when its target is different than the given MethodHandle.
1219 void Universe::flush_dependents_on(Handle call_site, Handle method_handle) {
1220 assert_lock_strong(Compile_lock);
1221
1222 if (CodeCache::number_of_nmethods_with_dependencies() == 0) return;
1223
1224 // CodeCache can only be updated by a thread_in_VM and they will all be
1225 // stopped dring the safepoint so CodeCache will be safe to update without
1226 // holding the CodeCache_lock.
1227
1228 CallSiteDepChange changes(call_site(), method_handle());
1229
1230 // Compute the dependent nmethods that have a reference to a
1231 // CallSite object. We use InstanceKlass::mark_dependent_nmethod
1232 // directly instead of CodeCache::mark_for_deoptimization because we
1233 // want dependents on the call site class only not all classes in
1234 // the ContextStream.
1235 int marked = 0;
1236 {
1237 MutexLockerEx mu(CodeCache_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1238 InstanceKlass* call_site_klass = InstanceKlass::cast(call_site->klass());
1239 marked = call_site_klass->mark_dependent_nmethods(changes);
1240 }
1241 if (marked > 0) {
1242 // At least one nmethod has been marked for deoptimization
1243 VM_Deoptimize op;
1244 VMThread::execute(&op);
1245 }
1246 }
1247
1248 #ifdef HOTSWAP
1249 // Flushes compiled methods dependent on dependee in the evolutionary sense
1250 void Universe::flush_evol_dependents_on(instanceKlassHandle ev_k_h) {
1251 // --- Compile_lock is not held. However we are at a safepoint.
1252 assert_locked_or_safepoint(Compile_lock);
1253 if (CodeCache::number_of_nmethods_with_dependencies() == 0) return;
1254
1255 // CodeCache can only be updated by a thread_in_VM and they will all be
1256 // stopped dring the safepoint so CodeCache will be safe to update without
1257 // holding the CodeCache_lock.
1258
1259 // Compute the dependent nmethods
1260 if (CodeCache::mark_for_evol_deoptimization(ev_k_h) > 0) {
1261 // At least one nmethod has been marked for deoptimization
1262
1263 // All this already happens inside a VM_Operation, so we'll do all the work here.
1264 // Stuff copied from VM_Deoptimize and modified slightly.
1265
1266 // We do not want any GCs to happen while we are in the middle of this VM operation
1267 ResourceMark rm;
1268 DeoptimizationMarker dm;
1269
1270 // Deoptimize all activations depending on marked nmethods
1271 Deoptimization::deoptimize_dependents();
1272
1273 // Make the dependent methods not entrant (in VM_Deoptimize they are made zombies)
1274 CodeCache::make_marked_nmethods_not_entrant();
1275 }
1276 }
1277 #endif // HOTSWAP
1278
1279
1280 // Flushes compiled methods dependent on dependee
1281 void Universe::flush_dependents_on_method(methodHandle m_h) {
1282 // --- Compile_lock is not held. However we are at a safepoint.
1283 assert_locked_or_safepoint(Compile_lock);
1284
1285 // CodeCache can only be updated by a thread_in_VM and they will all be
1286 // stopped dring the safepoint so CodeCache will be safe to update without
1287 // holding the CodeCache_lock.
1288
1289 // Compute the dependent nmethods
1290 if (CodeCache::mark_for_deoptimization(m_h()) > 0) {
1291 // At least one nmethod has been marked for deoptimization
1292
1293 // All this already happens inside a VM_Operation, so we'll do all the work here.
1294 // Stuff copied from VM_Deoptimize and modified slightly.
1295
1296 // We do not want any GCs to happen while we are in the middle of this VM operation
1297 ResourceMark rm;
1298 DeoptimizationMarker dm;
1299
1300 // Deoptimize all activations depending on marked nmethods
1301 Deoptimization::deoptimize_dependents();
1302
1303 // Make the dependent methods not entrant (in VM_Deoptimize they are made zombies)
1304 CodeCache::make_marked_nmethods_not_entrant();
1305 }
1306 }
1307
1308 void Universe::print() {
1309 print_on(gclog_or_tty);
1310 }
1311
1312 void Universe::print_on(outputStream* st, bool extended) {
1313 st->print_cr("Heap");
1314 if (!extended) {
1315 heap()->print_on(st);
1316 } else {
1317 heap()->print_extended_on(st);
1318 }
1319 }
1320
1321 void Universe::print_heap_at_SIGBREAK() {
1322 if (PrintHeapAtSIGBREAK) {
1323 MutexLocker hl(Heap_lock);
1324 print_on(tty);
1325 tty->cr();
1326 tty->flush();
1327 }
1328 }
1329
1330 void Universe::print_heap_before_gc(outputStream* st, bool ignore_extended) {
1331 st->print_cr("{Heap before GC invocations=%u (full %u):",
1332 heap()->total_collections(),
1333 heap()->total_full_collections());
1334 if (!PrintHeapAtGCExtended || ignore_extended) {
1335 heap()->print_on(st);
1336 } else {
1337 heap()->print_extended_on(st);
1338 }
1339 }
1340
1341 void Universe::print_heap_after_gc(outputStream* st, bool ignore_extended) {
1342 st->print_cr("Heap after GC invocations=%u (full %u):",
1343 heap()->total_collections(),
1344 heap()->total_full_collections());
1345 if (!PrintHeapAtGCExtended || ignore_extended) {
1346 heap()->print_on(st);
1347 } else {
1348 heap()->print_extended_on(st);
1349 }
1350 st->print_cr("}");
1351 }
1352
1353 void Universe::verify(VerifyOption option, const char* prefix, bool silent) {
1354 // The use of _verify_in_progress is a temporary work around for
1355 // 6320749. Don't bother with a creating a class to set and clear
1356 // it since it is only used in this method and the control flow is
1357 // straight forward.
1358 _verify_in_progress = true;
1359
1360 COMPILER2_PRESENT(
1361 assert(!DerivedPointerTable::is_active(),
1362 "DPT should not be active during verification "
1363 "(of thread stacks below)");
1364 )
1365
1366 ResourceMark rm;
1367 HandleMark hm; // Handles created during verification can be zapped
1368 _verify_count++;
1369
1370 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("%s", prefix);
1371 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("[Verifying ");
1372 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("threads ");
1373 Threads::verify();
1374 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("heap ");
1375 heap()->verify(silent, option);
1376 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("syms ");
1377 SymbolTable::verify();
1378 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("strs ");
1379 StringTable::verify();
1380 {
1381 MutexLockerEx mu(CodeCache_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1382 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("zone ");
1383 CodeCache::verify();
1384 }
1385 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("dict ");
1386 SystemDictionary::verify();
1387 #ifndef PRODUCT
1388 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("cldg ");
1389 ClassLoaderDataGraph::verify();
1390 #endif
1391 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("metaspace chunks ");
1392 MetaspaceAux::verify_free_chunks();
1393 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("hand ");
1394 JNIHandles::verify();
1395 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("C-heap ");
1396 os::check_heap();
1397 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("code cache ");
1398 CodeCache::verify_oops();
1399 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print_cr("]");
1400
1401 _verify_in_progress = false;
1402 }
1403
1404 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
1405
1406 static uintptr_t _verify_oop_data[2] = {0, (uintptr_t)-1};
1407 static uintptr_t _verify_klass_data[2] = {0, (uintptr_t)-1};
1408
1409
1410 #ifndef PRODUCT
1411
1412 static void calculate_verify_data(uintptr_t verify_data[2],
1413 HeapWord* low_boundary,
1414 HeapWord* high_boundary) {
1415 assert(low_boundary < high_boundary, "bad interval");
1416
1417 // decide which low-order bits we require to be clear:
1418 size_t alignSize = MinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1419 size_t min_object_size = CollectedHeap::min_fill_size();
1420
1421 // make an inclusive limit:
1422 uintptr_t max = (uintptr_t)high_boundary - min_object_size*wordSize;
1423 uintptr_t min = (uintptr_t)low_boundary;
1424 assert(min < max, "bad interval");
1425 uintptr_t diff = max ^ min;
1426
1427 // throw away enough low-order bits to make the diff vanish
1428 uintptr_t mask = (uintptr_t)(-1);
1429 while ((mask & diff) != 0)
1430 mask <<= 1;
1431 uintptr_t bits = (min & mask);
1432 assert(bits == (max & mask), "correct mask");
1433 // check an intermediate value between min and max, just to make sure:
1434 assert(bits == ((min + (max-min)/2) & mask), "correct mask");
1435
1436 // require address alignment, too:
1437 mask |= (alignSize - 1);
1438
1439 if (!(verify_data[0] == 0 && verify_data[1] == (uintptr_t)-1)) {
1440 assert(verify_data[0] == mask && verify_data[1] == bits, "mask stability");
1441 }
1442 verify_data[0] = mask;
1443 verify_data[1] = bits;
1444 }
1445
1446 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
1447
1448 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_mask() {
1449 MemRegion m = heap()->reserved_region();
1450 calculate_verify_data(_verify_oop_data,
1451 m.start(),
1452 m.end());
1453 return _verify_oop_data[0];
1454 }
1455
1456
1457
1458 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_bits() {
1459 verify_oop_mask();
1460 return _verify_oop_data[1];
1461 }
1462
1463 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_mask() {
1464 return markOopDesc::lock_mask_in_place;
1465 }
1466
1467 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_bits() {
1468 intptr_t mask = verify_mark_mask();
1469 intptr_t bits = (intptr_t)markOopDesc::prototype();
1470 assert((bits & ~mask) == 0, "no stray header bits");
1471 return bits;
1472 }
1473 #endif // PRODUCT
1474
1475
1476 void Universe::compute_verify_oop_data() {
1477 verify_oop_mask();
1478 verify_oop_bits();
1479 verify_mark_mask();
1480 verify_mark_bits();
1481 }
1482
1483
1484 void LatestMethodCache::init(Klass* k, Method* m) {
1485 if (!UseSharedSpaces) {
1486 _klass = k;
1487 }
1488 #ifndef PRODUCT
1489 else {
1490 // sharing initilization should have already set up _klass
1491 assert(_klass != NULL, "just checking");
1492 }
1493 #endif
1494
1495 _method_idnum = m->method_idnum();
1496 assert(_method_idnum >= 0, "sanity check");
1497 }
1498
1499
1500 Method* LatestMethodCache::get_method() {
1501 if (klass() == NULL) return NULL;
1502 InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(klass());
1503 Method* m = ik->method_with_idnum(method_idnum());
1504 assert(m != NULL, "sanity check");
1505 return m;
1506 }
1507
1508
1509 #ifdef ASSERT
1510 // Release dummy object(s) at bottom of heap
1511 bool Universe::release_fullgc_alot_dummy() {
1512 MutexLocker ml(FullGCALot_lock);
1513 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_array != NULL) {
1514 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_next >= _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->length()) {
1515 // No more dummies to release, release entire array instead
1516 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = NULL;
1517 return false;
1518 }
1519 if (!UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
1520 // Release dummy at bottom of old generation
1521 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->obj_at_put(_fullgc_alot_dummy_next++, NULL);
1522 }
1523 // Release dummy at bottom of permanent generation
1524 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->obj_at_put(_fullgc_alot_dummy_next++, NULL);
1525 }
1526 return true;
1527 }
1528
1529 #endif // ASSERT