1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  30 #include "compiler/compilerOracle.hpp"
  31 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  32 #include "memory/cardTableRS.hpp"
  33 #include "memory/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
  34 #include "memory/referenceProcessor.hpp"
  35 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
  36 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  37 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  38 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  39 #include "runtime/arguments_ext.hpp"
  40 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  41 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  42 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  43 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
  44 #include "services/management.hpp"
  45 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
  46 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  47 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  48 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
  49 #include "utilities/taskqueue.hpp"
  50 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  51 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/compactibleFreeListSpace.hpp"
  52 #include "gc_implementation/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"
  53 #include "gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/parallelScavengeHeap.hpp"
  54 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  55 
  56 // Note: This is a special bug reporting site for the JVM
  57 #define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG "http://bugreport.sun.com/bugreport/crash.jsp"
  58 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER  "generic"
  59 
  60 // Disable options not supported in this release, with a warning if they
  61 // were explicitly requested on the command-line
  62 #define UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(opt, description)                    \
  63 do {                                                            \
  64   if (opt) {                                                    \
  65     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(opt)) {                                 \
  66       warning(description " is disabled in this release.");     \
  67     }                                                           \
  68     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(opt, false);                               \
  69   }                                                             \
  70 } while(0)
  71 
  72 #define UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(gc)                                     \
  73 do {                                                                  \
  74   if (gc) {                                                           \
  75     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(gc)) {                                        \
  76       warning(#gc " is not supported in this VM.  Using Serial GC."); \
  77     }                                                                 \
  78     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(gc, false);                                      \
  79   }                                                                   \
  80 } while(0)
  81 
  82 char**  Arguments::_jvm_flags_array             = NULL;
  83 int     Arguments::_num_jvm_flags               = 0;
  84 char**  Arguments::_jvm_args_array              = NULL;
  85 int     Arguments::_num_jvm_args                = 0;
  86 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = NULL;
  87 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = NULL;
  88 const char*  Arguments::_gc_log_filename        = NULL;
  89 bool   Arguments::_has_profile                  = false;
  90 size_t Arguments::_conservative_max_heap_alignment = 0;
  91 uintx  Arguments::_min_heap_size                = 0;
  92 uintx  Arguments::_min_heap_free_ratio          = 0;
  93 uintx  Arguments::_max_heap_free_ratio          = 0;
  94 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
  95 bool   Arguments::_java_compiler                = false;
  96 bool   Arguments::_xdebug_mode                  = false;
  97 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG;
  98 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
  99 int    Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_pid        = -1;
 100 bool   Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm  = false;
 101 
 102 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args(JavaVMInitArgs*)
 103 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
 104 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
 105 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
 106 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
 107 
 108 char*  Arguments::SharedArchivePath             = NULL;
 109 
 110 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_libraryList;
 111 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_agentList;
 112 
 113 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = NULL;
 114 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = NULL;
 115 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = NULL;
 116 
 117 
 118 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_ext_dirs = NULL;
 119 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_endorsed_dirs = NULL;
 120 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = NULL;
 121 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = NULL;
 122 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = NULL;
 123 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = NULL;
 124 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_class_path = NULL;
 125 
 126 char* Arguments::_meta_index_path = NULL;
 127 char* Arguments::_meta_index_dir = NULL;
 128 
 129 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' remaining part of option string
 130 
 131 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
 132                          const char** tail) {
 133   int len = (int)strlen(name);
 134   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
 135     *tail = option->optionString + len;
 136     return true;
 137   } else {
 138     return false;
 139   }
 140 }
 141 
 142 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
 143   if (PrintVMOptions) {
 144     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
 145   }
 146 }
 147 
 148 // Process java launcher properties.
 149 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 150   // See if sun.java.launcher, sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm or
 151   // sun.java.launcher.pid is defined.
 152   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 153   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 154   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 155     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 156     const char* tail;
 157 
 158     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 159       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 160       continue;
 161     }
 162     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.is_altjvm=", &tail)) {
 163       if (strcmp(tail, "true") == 0) {
 164         _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm = true;
 165       }
 166       continue;
 167     }
 168     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.pid=", &tail)) {
 169       _sun_java_launcher_pid = atoi(tail);
 170       continue;
 171     }
 172   }
 173 }
 174 
 175 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 176 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 177 
 178   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 179                                                                  "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 180   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 181   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 182   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(),  true));
 183 
 184   // Following are JVMTI agent writable properties.
 185   // Properties values are set to NULL and they are
 186   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 187   _java_ext_dirs = new SystemProperty("java.ext.dirs", NULL,  true);
 188   _java_endorsed_dirs = new SystemProperty("java.endorsed.dirs", NULL,  true);
 189   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", NULL,  true);
 190   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", NULL,  true);
 191   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", NULL,  true);
 192   _sun_boot_class_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.class.path", NULL,  true);
 193 
 194   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 195 
 196   // Add to System Property list.
 197   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_ext_dirs);
 198   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_endorsed_dirs);
 199   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 200   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 201   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 202   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 203   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_class_path);
 204 
 205   // Set OS specific system properties values
 206   os::init_system_properties_values();
 207 }
 208 
 209 
 210   // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
 211 void Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties() {
 212   enum { bufsz = 16 };
 213   char buffer[bufsz];
 214   const char* spec_vendor = "Sun Microsystems Inc.";
 215   uint32_t spec_version = 0;
 216 
 217   spec_vendor = "Oracle Corporation";
 218   spec_version = JDK_Version::current().major_version();
 219   jio_snprintf(buffer, bufsz, "1." UINT32_FORMAT, spec_version);
 220 
 221   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 222       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",  spec_vendor, false));
 223   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 224       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", buffer, false));
 225   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 226       new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 227 }
 228 
 229 /**
 230  * Provide a slightly more user-friendly way of eliminating -XX flags.
 231  * When a flag is eliminated, it can be added to this list in order to
 232  * continue accepting this flag on the command-line, while issuing a warning
 233  * and ignoring the value.  Once the JDK version reaches the 'accept_until'
 234  * limit, we flatly refuse to admit the existence of the flag.  This allows
 235  * a flag to die correctly over JDK releases using HSX.
 236  */
 237 typedef struct {
 238   const char* name;
 239   JDK_Version obsoleted_in; // when the flag went away
 240   JDK_Version accept_until; // which version to start denying the existence
 241 } ObsoleteFlag;
 242 
 243 static ObsoleteFlag obsolete_jvm_flags[] = {
 244   { "UseTrainGC",                    JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 245   { "UseSpecialLargeObjectHandling", JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 246   { "UseOversizedCarHandling",       JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 247   { "TraceCarAllocation",            JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 248   { "PrintTrainGCProcessingStats",   JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 249   { "LogOfCarSpaceSize",             JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 250   { "OversizedCarThreshold",         JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 251   { "MinTickInterval",               JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 252   { "DefaultTickInterval",           JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 253   { "MaxTickInterval",               JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 254   { "DelayTickAdjustment",           JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 255   { "ProcessingToTenuringRatio",     JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 256   { "MinTrainLength",                JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 257   { "AppendRatio",         JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,10), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 258   { "DefaultMaxRAM",       JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,18), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 259   { "DefaultInitialRAMFraction",
 260                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,18), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 261   { "UseDepthFirstScavengeOrder",
 262                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,22), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 263   { "HandlePromotionFailure",
 264                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,24), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 265   { "MaxLiveObjectEvacuationRatio",
 266                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,24), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 267   { "ForceSharedSpaces",   JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,25), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 268   { "UseParallelOldGCCompacting",
 269                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,27), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 270   { "UseParallelDensePrefixUpdate",
 271                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,27), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 272   { "UseParallelOldGCDensePrefix",
 273                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,27), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 274   { "AllowTransitionalJSR292",       JDK_Version::jdk(7), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 275   { "UseCompressedStrings",          JDK_Version::jdk(7), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 276   { "CMSPermGenPrecleaningEnabled", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 277   { "CMSTriggerPermRatio", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 278   { "CMSInitiatingPermOccupancyFraction", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 279   { "AdaptivePermSizeWeight", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 280   { "PermGenPadding", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 281   { "PermMarkSweepDeadRatio", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 282   { "PermSize", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 283   { "MaxPermSize", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 284   { "MinPermHeapExpansion", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 285   { "MaxPermHeapExpansion", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 286   { "CMSRevisitStackSize",           JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 287   { "PrintRevisitStats",             JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 288   { "UseVectoredExceptions",         JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 289   { "UseSplitVerifier",              JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 290   { "UseISM",                        JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 291   { "UsePermISM",                    JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 292   { "UseMPSS",                       JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 293   { "UseStringCache",                JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 294   { "UseOldInlining",                JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 295   { "SafepointPollOffset",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 296 #ifdef PRODUCT
 297   { "DesiredMethodLimit",
 298                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(7, 2), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 299 #endif // PRODUCT
 300   { "UseVMInterruptibleIO",          JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 301   { "UseBoundThreads",               JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 302   { "DefaultThreadPriority",         JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 303   { "NoYieldsInMicrolock",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 304   { "BackEdgeThreshold",             JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 305   { "UseNewReflection",              JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 306   { "ReflectionWrapResolutionErrors",JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 307   { "VerifyReflectionBytecodes",     JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 308   { "AutoShutdownNMT",               JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 309 #ifndef ZERO
 310   { "UseFastAccessorMethods",        JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 311   { "UseFastEmptyMethods",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 312 #endif // ZERO
 313   { NULL, JDK_Version(0), JDK_Version(0) }
 314 };
 315 
 316 // Returns true if the flag is obsolete and fits into the range specified
 317 // for being ignored.  In the case that the flag is ignored, the 'version'
 318 // value is filled in with the version number when the flag became
 319 // obsolete so that that value can be displayed to the user.
 320 bool Arguments::is_newly_obsolete(const char *s, JDK_Version* version) {
 321   int i = 0;
 322   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 323   while (obsolete_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL) {
 324     const ObsoleteFlag& flag_status = obsolete_jvm_flags[i];
 325     // <flag>=xxx form
 326     // [-|+]<flag> form
 327     if ((strncmp(flag_status.name, s, strlen(flag_status.name)) == 0) ||
 328         ((s[0] == '+' || s[0] == '-') &&
 329         (strncmp(flag_status.name, &s[1], strlen(flag_status.name)) == 0))) {
 330       if (JDK_Version::current().compare(flag_status.accept_until) == -1) {
 331           *version = flag_status.obsoleted_in;
 332           return true;
 333       }
 334     }
 335     i++;
 336   }
 337   return false;
 338 }
 339 
 340 // Constructs the system class path (aka boot class path) from the following
 341 // components, in order:
 342 //
 343 //     prefix           // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 344 //     endorsed         // the expansion of -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...
 345 //     base             // from os::get_system_properties() or -Xbootclasspath=
 346 //     suffix           // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 347 //
 348 // java.endorsed.dirs is a list of directories; any jar or zip files in the
 349 // directories are added to the sysclasspath just before the base.
 350 //
 351 // This could be AllStatic, but it isn't needed after argument processing is
 352 // complete.
 353 class SysClassPath: public StackObj {
 354 public:
 355   SysClassPath(const char* base);
 356   ~SysClassPath();
 357 
 358   inline void set_base(const char* base);
 359   inline void add_prefix(const char* prefix);
 360   inline void add_suffix_to_prefix(const char* suffix);
 361   inline void add_suffix(const char* suffix);
 362   inline void reset_path(const char* base);
 363 
 364   // Expand the jar/zip files in each directory listed by the java.endorsed.dirs
 365   // property.  Must be called after all command-line arguments have been
 366   // processed (in particular, -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...) and before calling
 367   // combined_path().
 368   void expand_endorsed();
 369 
 370   inline const char* get_base()     const { return _items[_scp_base]; }
 371   inline const char* get_prefix()   const { return _items[_scp_prefix]; }
 372   inline const char* get_suffix()   const { return _items[_scp_suffix]; }
 373   inline const char* get_endorsed() const { return _items[_scp_endorsed]; }
 374 
 375   // Combine all the components into a single c-heap-allocated string; caller
 376   // must free the string if/when no longer needed.
 377   char* combined_path();
 378 
 379 private:
 380   // Utility routines.
 381   static char* add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend);
 382   static char* add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory);
 383 
 384   inline void reset_item_at(int index);
 385 
 386   // Array indices for the items that make up the sysclasspath.  All except the
 387   // base are allocated in the C heap and freed by this class.
 388   enum {
 389     _scp_prefix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 390     _scp_endorsed,      // the expansion of -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...
 391     _scp_base,          // the default sysclasspath
 392     _scp_suffix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 393     _scp_nitems         // the number of items, must be last.
 394   };
 395 
 396   const char* _items[_scp_nitems];
 397   DEBUG_ONLY(bool _expansion_done;)
 398 };
 399 
 400 SysClassPath::SysClassPath(const char* base) {
 401   memset(_items, 0, sizeof(_items));
 402   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 403   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = false;)
 404 }
 405 
 406 SysClassPath::~SysClassPath() {
 407   // Free everything except the base.
 408   for (int i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 409     if (i != _scp_base) reset_item_at(i);
 410   }
 411   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = false;)
 412 }
 413 
 414 inline void SysClassPath::set_base(const char* base) {
 415   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 416 }
 417 
 418 inline void SysClassPath::add_prefix(const char* prefix) {
 419   _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], prefix, true);
 420 }
 421 
 422 inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix_to_prefix(const char* suffix) {
 423   _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], suffix, false);
 424 }
 425 
 426 inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix(const char* suffix) {
 427   _items[_scp_suffix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_suffix], suffix, false);
 428 }
 429 
 430 inline void SysClassPath::reset_item_at(int index) {
 431   assert(index < _scp_nitems && index != _scp_base, "just checking");
 432   if (_items[index] != NULL) {
 433     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, _items[index], mtInternal);
 434     _items[index] = NULL;
 435   }
 436 }
 437 
 438 inline void SysClassPath::reset_path(const char* base) {
 439   // Clear the prefix and suffix.
 440   reset_item_at(_scp_prefix);
 441   reset_item_at(_scp_suffix);
 442   set_base(base);
 443 }
 444 
 445 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 446 
 447 void SysClassPath::expand_endorsed() {
 448   assert(_items[_scp_endorsed] == NULL, "can only be called once.");
 449 
 450   const char* path = Arguments::get_property("java.endorsed.dirs");
 451   if (path == NULL) {
 452     path = Arguments::get_endorsed_dir();
 453     assert(path != NULL, "no default for java.endorsed.dirs");
 454   }
 455 
 456   char* expanded_path = NULL;
 457   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 458   const char* const end = path + strlen(path);
 459   while (path < end) {
 460     const char* tmp_end = strchr(path, separator);
 461     if (tmp_end == NULL) {
 462       expanded_path = add_jars_to_path(expanded_path, path);
 463       path = end;
 464     } else {
 465       char* dirpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, tmp_end - path + 1, mtInternal);
 466       memcpy(dirpath, path, tmp_end - path);
 467       dirpath[tmp_end - path] = '\0';
 468       expanded_path = add_jars_to_path(expanded_path, dirpath);
 469       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dirpath, mtInternal);
 470       path = tmp_end + 1;
 471     }
 472   }
 473   _items[_scp_endorsed] = expanded_path;
 474   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = true;)
 475 }
 476 
 477 // Combine the bootclasspath elements, some of which may be null, into a single
 478 // c-heap-allocated string.
 479 char* SysClassPath::combined_path() {
 480   assert(_items[_scp_base] != NULL, "empty default sysclasspath");
 481   assert(_expansion_done, "must call expand_endorsed() first.");
 482 
 483   size_t lengths[_scp_nitems];
 484   size_t total_len = 0;
 485 
 486   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 487 
 488   // Get the lengths.
 489   int i;
 490   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 491     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 492       lengths[i] = strlen(_items[i]);
 493       // Include space for the separator char (or a NULL for the last item).
 494       total_len += lengths[i] + 1;
 495     }
 496   }
 497   assert(total_len > 0, "empty sysclasspath not allowed");
 498 
 499   // Copy the _items to a single string.
 500   char* cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, total_len, mtInternal);
 501   char* cp_tmp = cp;
 502   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 503     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 504       memcpy(cp_tmp, _items[i], lengths[i]);
 505       cp_tmp += lengths[i];
 506       *cp_tmp++ = separator;
 507     }
 508   }
 509   *--cp_tmp = '\0';     // Replace the extra separator.
 510   return cp;
 511 }
 512 
 513 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 514 char*
 515 SysClassPath::add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend) {
 516   char *cp;
 517 
 518   assert(str != NULL, "just checking");
 519   if (path == NULL) {
 520     size_t len = strlen(str) + 1;
 521     cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtInternal);
 522     memcpy(cp, str, len);                       // copy the trailing null
 523   } else {
 524     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 525     size_t old_len = strlen(path);
 526     size_t str_len = strlen(str);
 527     size_t len = old_len + str_len + 2;
 528 
 529     if (prepend) {
 530       cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtInternal);
 531       char* cp_tmp = cp;
 532       memcpy(cp_tmp, str, str_len);
 533       cp_tmp += str_len;
 534       *cp_tmp = separator;
 535       memcpy(++cp_tmp, path, old_len + 1);      // copy the trailing null
 536       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path, mtInternal);
 537     } else {
 538       cp = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path, len, mtInternal);
 539       char* cp_tmp = cp + old_len;
 540       *cp_tmp = separator;
 541       memcpy(++cp_tmp, str, str_len + 1);       // copy the trailing null
 542     }
 543   }
 544   return cp;
 545 }
 546 
 547 // Scan the directory and append any jar or zip files found to path.
 548 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 549 char* SysClassPath::add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory) {
 550   DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
 551   if (dir == NULL) return path;
 552 
 553   char dir_sep[2] = { '\0', '\0' };
 554   size_t directory_len = strlen(directory);
 555   const char fileSep = *os::file_separator();
 556   if (directory[directory_len - 1] != fileSep) dir_sep[0] = fileSep;
 557 
 558   /* Scan the directory for jars/zips, appending them to path. */
 559   struct dirent *entry;
 560   char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory), mtInternal);
 561   while ((entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
 562     const char* name = entry->d_name;
 563     const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
 564     bool isJarOrZip = ext > name &&
 565       (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0 ||
 566        os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".zip") == 0);
 567     if (isJarOrZip) {
 568       char* jarpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, directory_len + 2 + strlen(name), mtInternal);
 569       sprintf(jarpath, "%s%s%s", directory, dir_sep, name);
 570       path = add_to_path(path, jarpath, false);
 571       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, jarpath, mtInternal);
 572     }
 573   }
 574   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf, mtInternal);
 575   os::closedir(dir);
 576   return path;
 577 }
 578 
 579 // Parses a memory size specification string.
 580 static bool atomull(const char *s, julong* result) {
 581   julong n = 0;
 582   int args_read = 0;
 583   bool is_hex = false;
 584   // Skip leading 0[xX] for hexadecimal
 585   if (*s =='0' && (*(s+1) == 'x' || *(s+1) == 'X')) {
 586     s += 2;
 587     is_hex = true;
 588     args_read = sscanf(s, JULONG_FORMAT_X, &n);
 589   } else {
 590     args_read = sscanf(s, JULONG_FORMAT, &n);
 591   }
 592   if (args_read != 1) {
 593     return false;
 594   }
 595   while (*s != '\0' && (isdigit(*s) || (is_hex && isxdigit(*s)))) {
 596     s++;
 597   }
 598   // 4705540: illegal if more characters are found after the first non-digit
 599   if (strlen(s) > 1) {
 600     return false;
 601   }
 602   switch (*s) {
 603     case 'T': case 't':
 604       *result = n * G * K;
 605       // Check for overflow.
 606       if (*result/((julong)G * K) != n) return false;
 607       return true;
 608     case 'G': case 'g':
 609       *result = n * G;
 610       if (*result/G != n) return false;
 611       return true;
 612     case 'M': case 'm':
 613       *result = n * M;
 614       if (*result/M != n) return false;
 615       return true;
 616     case 'K': case 'k':
 617       *result = n * K;
 618       if (*result/K != n) return false;
 619       return true;
 620     case '\0':
 621       *result = n;
 622       return true;
 623     default:
 624       return false;
 625   }
 626 }
 627 
 628 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(julong size, julong min_size) {
 629   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 630   // Check that size will fit in a size_t (only relevant on 32-bit)
 631   if (size > max_uintx) return arg_too_big;
 632   return arg_in_range;
 633 }
 634 
 635 // Describe an argument out of range error
 636 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 637   switch(errcode) {
 638   case arg_too_big:
 639     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 640                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 641                 "representable size.\n");
 642     break;
 643   case arg_too_small:
 644   case arg_unreadable:
 645   case arg_in_range:
 646     // do nothing for now
 647     break;
 648   default:
 649     ShouldNotReachHere();
 650   }
 651 }
 652 
 653 static bool set_bool_flag(char* name, bool value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 654   return CommandLineFlags::boolAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 655 }
 656 
 657 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 658   double v;
 659   if (sscanf(value, "%lf", &v) != 1) {
 660     return false;
 661   }
 662 
 663   if (CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(name, &v, origin)) {
 664     return true;
 665   }
 666   return false;
 667 }
 668 
 669 static bool set_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 670   julong v;
 671   intx intx_v;
 672   bool is_neg = false;
 673   // Check the sign first since atomull() parses only unsigned values.
 674   if (*value == '-') {
 675     if (!CommandLineFlags::intxAt(name, &intx_v)) {
 676       return false;
 677     }
 678     value++;
 679     is_neg = true;
 680   }
 681   if (!atomull(value, &v)) {
 682     return false;
 683   }
 684   intx_v = (intx) v;
 685   if (is_neg) {
 686     intx_v = -intx_v;
 687   }
 688   if (CommandLineFlags::intxAtPut(name, &intx_v, origin)) {
 689     return true;
 690   }
 691   uintx uintx_v = (uintx) v;
 692   if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::uintxAtPut(name, &uintx_v, origin)) {
 693     return true;
 694   }
 695   uint64_t uint64_t_v = (uint64_t) v;
 696   if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::uint64_tAtPut(name, &uint64_t_v, origin)) {
 697     return true;
 698   }
 699   size_t size_t_v = (size_t) v;
 700   if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::size_tAtPut(name, &size_t_v, origin)) {
 701     return true;
 702   }
 703   return false;
 704 }
 705 
 706 static bool set_string_flag(char* name, const char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 707   if (!CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin))  return false;
 708   // Contract:  CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 709   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value, mtInternal);
 710   return true;
 711 }
 712 
 713 static bool append_to_string_flag(char* name, const char* new_value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 714   const char* old_value = "";
 715   if (!CommandLineFlags::ccstrAt(name, &old_value))  return false;
 716   size_t old_len = old_value != NULL ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 717   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 718   const char* value;
 719   char* free_this_too = NULL;
 720   if (old_len == 0) {
 721     value = new_value;
 722   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 723     value = old_value;
 724   } else {
 725     char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, old_len + 1 + new_len + 1, mtInternal);
 726     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 727     sprintf(buf, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 728     value = buf;
 729     free_this_too = buf;
 730   }
 731   (void) CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 732   // CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 733   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value, mtInternal);
 734   if (free_this_too != NULL) {
 735     // CommandLineFlags made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 736     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too, mtInternal);
 737   }
 738   return true;
 739 }
 740 
 741 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, Flag::Flags origin) {
 742 
 743   // range of acceptable characters spelled out for portability reasons
 744 #define NAME_RANGE  "[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_]"
 745 #define BUFLEN 255
 746   char name[BUFLEN+1];
 747   char dummy;
 748 
 749   if (sscanf(arg, "-%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 750     return set_bool_flag(name, false, origin);
 751   }
 752   if (sscanf(arg, "+%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 753     return set_bool_flag(name, true, origin);
 754   }
 755 
 756   char punct;
 757   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 758     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 759     Flag* flag = Flag::find_flag(name, strlen(name));
 760     if (flag != NULL && flag->is_ccstr()) {
 761       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
 762         return append_to_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 763       } else {
 764         if (value[0] == '\0') {
 765           value = NULL;
 766         }
 767         return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 768       }
 769     }
 770   }
 771 
 772   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE ":%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 773     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 774     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
 775     if (value[0] == '\0') {
 776       value = NULL;
 777     }
 778     return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 779   }
 780 
 781 #define SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "[-0123456789.]"
 782 #define SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE    "[-0123456789]"
 783 #define        NUMBER_RANGE    "[0123456789]"
 784   char value[BUFLEN + 1];
 785   char value2[BUFLEN + 1];
 786   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE "." "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, value2, &dummy) == 3) {
 787     // Looks like a floating-point number -- try again with more lenient format string
 788     if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 789       return set_fp_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 790     }
 791   }
 792 
 793 #define VALUE_RANGE "[-kmgtxKMGTX0123456789abcdefABCDEF]"
 794   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) VALUE_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 795     return set_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 796   }
 797 
 798   return false;
 799 }
 800 
 801 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
 802   assert(bldarray != NULL, "illegal argument");
 803 
 804   if (arg == NULL) {
 805     return;
 806   }
 807 
 808   int new_count = *count + 1;
 809 
 810   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
 811   if (*bldarray == NULL) {
 812     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, new_count, mtInternal);
 813   } else {
 814     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, new_count, mtInternal);
 815   }
 816   (*bldarray)[*count] = os::strdup_check_oom(arg);
 817   *count = new_count;
 818 }
 819 
 820 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
 821   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
 822 }
 823 
 824 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
 825   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
 826 }
 827 
 828 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
 829 // strings in a given char** array
 830 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
 831   if (args == NULL || count == 0) {
 832     return NULL;
 833   }
 834   size_t length = strlen(args[0]) + 1; // add 1 for the null terminator
 835   for (int i = 1; i < count; i++) {
 836     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space
 837   }
 838   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
 839   strcpy(s, args[0]);
 840   for (int j = 1; j < count; j++) {
 841     strcat(s, " ");
 842     strcat(s, args[j]);
 843   }
 844   return (const char*) s;
 845 }
 846 
 847 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
 848   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
 849   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
 850     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
 851   }
 852   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
 853     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
 854   }
 855   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
 856   if (_java_class_path != NULL) {
 857     char* path = _java_class_path->value();
 858     st->print_cr("java_class_path (initial): %s", strlen(path) == 0 ? "<not set>" : path );
 859   }
 860   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
 861 }
 862 
 863 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
 864   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
 865     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
 866       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
 867     }
 868     st->cr();
 869   }
 870 }
 871 
 872 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
 873   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
 874     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
 875       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
 876     }
 877     st->cr();
 878   }
 879 }
 880 
 881 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg,
 882     jboolean ignore_unrecognized, Flag::Flags origin) {
 883 
 884   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
 885 
 886   if (parse_argument(arg, origin) || ignore_unrecognized) {
 887     return true;
 888   }
 889 
 890   bool has_plus_minus = (*arg == '+' || *arg == '-');
 891   const char* const argname = has_plus_minus ? arg + 1 : arg;
 892   if (is_newly_obsolete(arg, &since)) {
 893     char version[256];
 894     since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
 895     warning("ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", argname, version);
 896     return true;
 897   }
 898 
 899   // For locked flags, report a custom error message if available.
 900   // Otherwise, report the standard unrecognized VM option.
 901 
 902   size_t arg_len;
 903   const char* equal_sign = strchr(argname, '=');
 904   if (equal_sign == NULL) {
 905     arg_len = strlen(argname);
 906   } else {
 907     arg_len = equal_sign - argname;
 908   }
 909 
 910   Flag* found_flag = Flag::find_flag((const char*)argname, arg_len, true, true);
 911   if (found_flag != NULL) {
 912     char locked_message_buf[BUFLEN];
 913     found_flag->get_locked_message(locked_message_buf, BUFLEN);
 914     if (strlen(locked_message_buf) == 0) {
 915       if (found_flag->is_bool() && !has_plus_minus) {
 916         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 917           "Missing +/- setting for VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 918       } else if (!found_flag->is_bool() && has_plus_minus) {
 919         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 920           "Unexpected +/- setting in VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 921       } else {
 922         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 923           "Improperly specified VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 924       }
 925     } else {
 926       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s", locked_message_buf);
 927     }
 928   } else {
 929     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 930                 "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 931     Flag* fuzzy_matched = Flag::fuzzy_match((const char*)argname, arg_len, true);
 932     if (fuzzy_matched != NULL) {
 933       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 934                   "Did you mean '%s%s%s'?\n",
 935                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "(+/-)" : "",
 936                   fuzzy_matched->_name,
 937                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "" : "=<value>");
 938     }
 939   }
 940 
 941   // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
 942   return arg[0] == '#';
 943 }
 944 
 945 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
 946   FILE* stream = fopen(file_name, "rb");
 947   if (stream == NULL) {
 948     if (should_exist) {
 949       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 950                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
 951       return false;
 952     } else {
 953       return true;
 954     }
 955   }
 956 
 957   char token[1024];
 958   int  pos = 0;
 959 
 960   bool in_white_space = true;
 961   bool in_comment     = false;
 962   bool in_quote       = false;
 963   char quote_c        = 0;
 964   bool result         = true;
 965 
 966   int c = getc(stream);
 967   while(c != EOF && pos < (int)(sizeof(token)-1)) {
 968     if (in_white_space) {
 969       if (in_comment) {
 970         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
 971       } else {
 972         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
 973         else if (!isspace(c)) {
 974           in_white_space = false;
 975           token[pos++] = c;
 976         }
 977       }
 978     } else {
 979       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace(c))) {
 980         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
 981         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
 982         token[pos] = '\0';
 983         logOption(token);
 984         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
 985         build_jvm_flags(token);
 986         pos = 0;
 987         in_white_space = true;
 988         in_quote = false;
 989       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
 990         in_quote = true;
 991         quote_c = c;
 992       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
 993         in_quote = false;
 994       } else {
 995         token[pos++] = c;
 996       }
 997     }
 998     c = getc(stream);
 999   }
1000   if (pos > 0) {
1001     token[pos] = '\0';
1002     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
1003     build_jvm_flags(token);
1004   }
1005   fclose(stream);
1006   return result;
1007 }
1008 
1009 //=============================================================================================================
1010 // Parsing of properties (-D)
1011 
1012 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
1013   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
1014 }
1015 
1016 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop) {
1017   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
1018   char* key;
1019   // ns must be static--its address may be stored in a SystemProperty object.
1020   const static char ns[1] = {0};
1021   char* value = (char *)ns;
1022 
1023   size_t key_len = (eq == NULL) ? strlen(prop) : (eq - prop);
1024   key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, mtInternal);
1025   strncpy(key, prop, key_len);
1026   key[key_len] = '\0';
1027 
1028   if (eq != NULL) {
1029     size_t value_len = strlen(prop) - key_len - 1;
1030     value = AllocateHeap(value_len + 1, mtInternal);
1031     strncpy(value, &prop[key_len + 1], value_len + 1);
1032   }
1033 
1034   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
1035     process_java_compiler_argument(value);
1036     FreeHeap(key);
1037     if (eq != NULL) {
1038       FreeHeap(value);
1039     }
1040     return true;
1041   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
1042     _java_command = value;
1043 
1044     // Record value in Arguments, but let it get passed to Java.
1045   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm") == 0 ||
1046              strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.pid") == 0) {
1047     // sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm and sun.java.launcher.pid property are
1048     // private and are processed in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
1049     // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
1050     FreeHeap(key);
1051     if (eq != NULL) {
1052       FreeHeap(value);
1053     }
1054     return true;
1055   } else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
1056     // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
1057     // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
1058     _java_vendor_url_bug = value;
1059   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.boot.library.path") == 0) {
1060     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, true);
1061     return true;
1062   }
1063   // Create new property and add at the end of the list
1064   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value);
1065   return true;
1066 }
1067 
1068 //===========================================================================================================
1069 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
1070 
1071 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
1072   // Set up default values for all flags.
1073   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
1074   // add a default value for it here.
1075   set_java_compiler(false);
1076   _mode                      = mode;
1077 
1078   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
1079   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
1080   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
1081                           (char*)VM_Version::vm_info_string(), false);
1082 
1083   UseInterpreter             = true;
1084   UseCompiler                = true;
1085   UseLoopCounter             = true;
1086 
1087   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
1088   // use the saved values
1089   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
1090   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1091   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
1092   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
1093 
1094   // Change from defaults based on mode
1095   switch (mode) {
1096   default:
1097     ShouldNotReachHere();
1098     break;
1099   case _int:
1100     UseCompiler              = false;
1101     UseLoopCounter           = false;
1102     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
1103     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
1104     break;
1105   case _mixed:
1106     // same as default
1107     break;
1108   case _comp:
1109     UseInterpreter           = false;
1110     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
1111     ClipInlining             = false;
1112     // Be much more aggressive in tiered mode with -Xcomp and exercise C2 more.
1113     // We will first compile a level 3 version (C1 with full profiling), then do one invocation of it and
1114     // compile a level 4 (C2) and then continue executing it.
1115     if (TieredCompilation) {
1116       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1117       Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1118     }
1119     break;
1120   }
1121 }
1122 
1123 #if defined(COMPILER2) || defined(_LP64) || !INCLUDE_CDS
1124 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
1125 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
1126 
1127 static void no_shared_spaces(const char* message) {
1128   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1129     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1130       "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
1131     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive.", message);
1132   } else {
1133     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
1134   }
1135 }
1136 #endif
1137 
1138 // Returns threshold scaled with CompileThresholdScaling
1139 intx Arguments::get_scaled_compile_threshold(intx threshold) {
1140   return (intx)(threshold * CompileThresholdScaling);
1141 }
1142 
1143 // Returns freq_log scaled with CompileThresholdScaling
1144 intx Arguments::get_scaled_freq_log(intx freq_log) {
1145   intx scaled_freq = get_scaled_compile_threshold((intx)1 << freq_log);
1146   if (scaled_freq == 0) {
1147     return 0;
1148   } else {
1149     return log2_intptr(scaled_freq);
1150   }
1151 }
1152 
1153 void Arguments::set_tiered_flags() {
1154   // With tiered, set default policy to AdvancedThresholdPolicy, which is 3.
1155   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice)) {
1156     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice, 3);
1157   }
1158   if (CompilationPolicyChoice < 2) {
1159     vm_exit_during_initialization(
1160       "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
1161   }
1162   // Increase the code cache size - tiered compiles a lot more.
1163   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1164     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, ReservedCodeCacheSize * 5);
1165   }
1166   // Enable SegmentedCodeCache if TieredCompilation is enabled and ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240M
1167   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SegmentedCodeCache) && ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240*M) {
1168     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, SegmentedCodeCache, true);
1169 
1170     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1171       // Multiply sizes by 5 but fix NonNMethodCodeHeapSize (distribute among non-profiled and profiled code heap)
1172       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ProfiledCodeHeapSize)) {
1173         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, ProfiledCodeHeapSize, ProfiledCodeHeapSize * 5 + NonNMethodCodeHeapSize * 2);
1174       }
1175       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NonProfiledCodeHeapSize)) {
1176         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize * 5 + NonNMethodCodeHeapSize * 2);
1177       }
1178       // Check consistency of code heap sizes
1179       if ((NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize) != ReservedCodeCacheSize) {
1180         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1181                     "Invalid code heap sizes: NonNMethodCodeHeapSize(%dK) + ProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) = %dK. Must be equal to ReservedCodeCacheSize = %uK.\n",
1182                     NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K, ProfiledCodeHeapSize/K, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize/K,
1183                     (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize)/K, ReservedCodeCacheSize/K);
1184         vm_exit(1);
1185       }
1186     }
1187   }
1188   if (!UseInterpreter) { // -Xcomp
1189     Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1190     Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1191   }
1192   // Scale tiered compilation thresholds
1193   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling)) {
1194     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog, get_scaled_freq_log(Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1195     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, get_scaled_freq_log(Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1196 
1197     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvocationThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3InvocationThreshold));
1198     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3MinInvocationThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3MinInvocationThreshold));
1199     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3CompileThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3CompileThreshold));
1200     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackEdgeThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3BackEdgeThreshold));
1201 
1202     // Tier2{Invocation,MinInvocation,Compile,Backedge}Threshold should be scaled here
1203     // once these thresholds become supported.
1204 
1205     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog, get_scaled_freq_log(Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1206     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, get_scaled_freq_log(Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1207 
1208     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog, get_scaled_freq_log(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1209     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, get_scaled_freq_log(Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1210 
1211     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog, get_scaled_freq_log(Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog));
1212 
1213     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4InvocationThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4InvocationThreshold));
1214     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4MinInvocationThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4MinInvocationThreshold));
1215     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4CompileThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4CompileThreshold));
1216     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4BackEdgeThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4BackEdgeThreshold));
1217   }
1218 }
1219 
1220 /**
1221  * Returns the minimum number of compiler threads needed to run the JVM. The following
1222  * configurations are possible.
1223  *
1224  * 1) The JVM is build using an interpreter only. As a result, the minimum number of
1225  *    compiler threads is 0.
1226  * 2) The JVM is build using the compiler(s) and tiered compilation is disabled. As
1227  *    a result, either C1 or C2 is used, so the minimum number of compiler threads is 1.
1228  * 3) The JVM is build using the compiler(s) and tiered compilation is enabled. However,
1229  *    the option "TieredStopAtLevel < CompLevel_full_optimization". As a result, only
1230  *    C1 can be used, so the minimum number of compiler threads is 1.
1231  * 4) The JVM is build using the compilers and tiered compilation is enabled. The option
1232  *    'TieredStopAtLevel = CompLevel_full_optimization' (the default value). As a result,
1233  *    the minimum number of compiler threads is 2.
1234  */
1235 int Arguments::get_min_number_of_compiler_threads() {
1236 #if !defined(COMPILER1) && !defined(COMPILER2) && !defined(SHARK)
1237   return 0;   // case 1
1238 #else
1239   if (!TieredCompilation || (TieredStopAtLevel < CompLevel_full_optimization)) {
1240     return 1; // case 2 or case 3
1241   }
1242   return 2;   // case 4 (tiered)
1243 #endif
1244 }
1245 
1246 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1247 static void disable_adaptive_size_policy(const char* collector_name) {
1248   if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
1249     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy)) {
1250       warning("disabling UseAdaptiveSizePolicy; it is incompatible with %s.",
1251               collector_name);
1252     }
1253     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy, false);
1254   }
1255 }
1256 
1257 void Arguments::set_parnew_gc_flags() {
1258   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC && !UseG1GC,
1259          "control point invariant");
1260   assert(UseParNewGC, "Error");
1261 
1262   // Turn off AdaptiveSizePolicy for parnew until it is complete.
1263   disable_adaptive_size_policy("UseParNewGC");
1264 
1265   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads)) {
1266     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1267     assert(ParallelGCThreads > 0, "We should always have at least one thread by default");
1268   } else if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1269     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1270         "The ParNew GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0\n");
1271     vm_exit(1);
1272   }
1273 
1274   // By default YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize are set to 4096 and 1024 respectively,
1275   // these settings are default for Parallel Scavenger. For ParNew+Tenured configuration
1276   // we set them to 1024 and 1024.
1277   // See CR 6362902.
1278   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize)) {
1279     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1280   }
1281   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1282     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1283   }
1284 
1285   // When using compressed oops, we use local overflow stacks,
1286   // rather than using a global overflow list chained through
1287   // the klass word of the object's pre-image.
1288   if (UseCompressedOops && !ParGCUseLocalOverflow) {
1289     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow)) {
1290       warning("Forcing +ParGCUseLocalOverflow: needed if using compressed references");
1291     }
1292     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow, true);
1293   }
1294   assert(ParGCUseLocalOverflow || !UseCompressedOops, "Error");
1295 }
1296 
1297 // Adjust some sizes to suit CMS and/or ParNew needs; these work well on
1298 // sparc/solaris for certain applications, but would gain from
1299 // further optimization and tuning efforts, and would almost
1300 // certainly gain from analysis of platform and environment.
1301 void Arguments::set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags() {
1302   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC, "Error");
1303   assert(UseConcMarkSweepGC, "CMS is expected to be on here");
1304 
1305   // If we are using CMS, we prefer to UseParNewGC,
1306   // unless explicitly forbidden.
1307   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC)) {
1308     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParNewGC, true);
1309   }
1310 
1311   // Turn off AdaptiveSizePolicy by default for cms until it is complete.
1312   disable_adaptive_size_policy("UseConcMarkSweepGC");
1313 
1314   // In either case, adjust ParallelGCThreads and/or UseParNewGC
1315   // as needed.
1316   if (UseParNewGC) {
1317     set_parnew_gc_flags();
1318   }
1319 
1320   size_t max_heap = align_size_down(MaxHeapSize,
1321                                     CardTableRS::ct_max_alignment_constraint());
1322 
1323   // Now make adjustments for CMS
1324   intx   tenuring_default = (intx)6;
1325   size_t young_gen_per_worker = CMSYoungGenPerWorker;
1326 
1327   // Preferred young gen size for "short" pauses:
1328   // upper bound depends on # of threads and NewRatio.
1329   const uintx parallel_gc_threads =
1330     (ParallelGCThreads == 0 ? 1 : ParallelGCThreads);
1331   const size_t preferred_max_new_size_unaligned =
1332     MIN2(max_heap/(NewRatio+1), ScaleForWordSize(young_gen_per_worker * parallel_gc_threads));
1333   size_t preferred_max_new_size =
1334     align_size_up(preferred_max_new_size_unaligned, os::vm_page_size());
1335 
1336   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size young gen
1337   // for "short" pauses ~ CMSYoungGenPerWorker*ParallelGCThreads
1338 
1339   // If either MaxNewSize or NewRatio is set on the command line,
1340   // assume the user is trying to set the size of the young gen.
1341   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxNewSize) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewRatio)) {
1342 
1343     // Set MaxNewSize to our calculated preferred_max_new_size unless
1344     // NewSize was set on the command line and it is larger than
1345     // preferred_max_new_size.
1346     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {   // NewSize explicitly set at command-line
1347       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxNewSize, MAX2(NewSize, preferred_max_new_size));
1348     } else {
1349       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxNewSize, preferred_max_new_size);
1350     }
1351     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1352       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1353       tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set MaxNewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, MaxNewSize);
1354     }
1355 
1356     // Code along this path potentially sets NewSize and OldSize
1357     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1358       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1359       tty->print_cr("CMS set min_heap_size: " SIZE_FORMAT
1360            " initial_heap_size:  " SIZE_FORMAT
1361            " max_heap: " SIZE_FORMAT,
1362            min_heap_size(), InitialHeapSize, max_heap);
1363     }
1364     size_t min_new = preferred_max_new_size;
1365     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(NewSize)) {
1366       min_new = NewSize;
1367     }
1368     if (max_heap > min_new && min_heap_size() > min_new) {
1369       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, make young gen
1370       // at least min_new, and at most preferred_max_new_size.
1371       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1372         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NewSize, MAX2(NewSize, min_new));
1373         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NewSize, MIN2(preferred_max_new_size, NewSize));
1374         if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1375           // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1376           tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set NewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, NewSize);
1377         }
1378       }
1379       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size old gen
1380       // so it's NewRatio x of NewSize.
1381       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldSize)) {
1382         if (max_heap > NewSize) {
1383           FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, OldSize, MIN2(NewRatio*NewSize, max_heap - NewSize));
1384           if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1385             // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1386             tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set OldSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, OldSize);
1387           }
1388         }
1389       }
1390     }
1391   }
1392   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, definitely
1393   // promote all objects surviving "tenuring_default" scavenges.
1394   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxTenuringThreshold) &&
1395       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1396     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, tenuring_default);
1397   }
1398   // If we decided above (or user explicitly requested)
1399   // `promote all' (via MaxTenuringThreshold := 0),
1400   // prefer minuscule survivor spaces so as not to waste
1401   // space for (non-existent) survivors
1402   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio) && MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
1403     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, SurvivorRatio, MAX2((uintx)1024, SurvivorRatio));
1404   }
1405   // If OldPLABSize is set and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim is not,
1406   // set CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim equal to OldPLABSize.
1407   // This is done in order to make ParNew+CMS configuration to work
1408   // with YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize options.
1409   // See CR 6362902.
1410   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1411     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim)) {
1412       // OldPLABSize is not the default value but CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim
1413       // is.  In this situation let CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim follow
1414       // the value (either from the command line or ergonomics) of
1415       // OldPLABSize.  Following OldPLABSize is an ergonomics decision.
1416       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, OldPLABSize);
1417     } else {
1418       // OldPLABSize and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim are both set.
1419       // CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim is a collector-specific flag, so
1420       // we'll let it to take precedence.
1421       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1422                   "Both OldPLABSize and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim"
1423                   " options are specified for the CMS collector."
1424                   " CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim will take precedence.\n");
1425     }
1426   }
1427   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ResizeOldPLAB) && !ResizeOldPLAB) {
1428     // OldPLAB sizing manually turned off: Use a larger default setting,
1429     // unless it was manually specified. This is because a too-low value
1430     // will slow down scavenges.
1431     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim)) {
1432       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, 50); // default value before 6631166
1433     }
1434   }
1435   // Overwrite OldPLABSize which is the variable we will internally use everywhere.
1436   FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, OldPLABSize, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim);
1437   // If either of the static initialization defaults have changed, note this
1438   // modification.
1439   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABWeight)) {
1440     CFLS_LAB::modify_initialization(OldPLABSize, OldPLABWeight);
1441   }
1442   if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1443     tty->print_cr("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk",
1444       (unsigned int) (MarkStackSize / K), (uint) (MarkStackSizeMax / K));
1445     tty->print_cr("ConcGCThreads: %u", (uint) ConcGCThreads);
1446   }
1447 }
1448 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1449 
1450 void set_object_alignment() {
1451   // Object alignment.
1452   assert(is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes), "ObjectAlignmentInBytes must be power of 2");
1453   MinObjAlignmentInBytes     = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1454   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes >= HeapWordsPerLong * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is too small");
1455   MinObjAlignment            = MinObjAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
1456   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes == MinObjAlignment * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is incorrect");
1457   MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask = MinObjAlignmentInBytes - 1;
1458 
1459   LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes  = exact_log2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1460   LogMinObjAlignment         = LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
1461 
1462   // Oop encoding heap max
1463   OopEncodingHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1464 
1465 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1466   // Set CMS global values
1467   CompactibleFreeListSpace::set_cms_values();
1468 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1469 }
1470 
1471 bool verify_object_alignment() {
1472   // Object alignment.
1473   if (!is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes)) {
1474     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1475                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must be power of 2\n",
1476                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1477     return false;
1478   }
1479   if ((int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes < BytesPerLong) {
1480     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1481                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must be greater or equal %d\n",
1482                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes, BytesPerLong);
1483     return false;
1484   }
1485   // It does not make sense to have big object alignment
1486   // since a space lost due to alignment will be greater
1487   // then a saved space from compressed oops.
1488   if ((int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes > 256) {
1489     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1490                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must not be greater than 256\n",
1491                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1492     return false;
1493   }
1494   // In case page size is very small.
1495   if ((int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes >= os::vm_page_size()) {
1496     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1497                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must be less than page size %d\n",
1498                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes, os::vm_page_size());
1499     return false;
1500   }
1501   if(SurvivorAlignmentInBytes == 0) {
1502     SurvivorAlignmentInBytes = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1503   } else {
1504     if (!is_power_of_2(SurvivorAlignmentInBytes)) {
1505       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1506             "error: SurvivorAlignmentInBytes=%d must be power of 2\n",
1507             (int)SurvivorAlignmentInBytes);
1508       return false;
1509     }
1510     if (SurvivorAlignmentInBytes < ObjectAlignmentInBytes) {
1511       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1512           "error: SurvivorAlignmentInBytes=%d must be greater than ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d \n",
1513           (int)SurvivorAlignmentInBytes, (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1514       return false;
1515     }
1516   }
1517   return true;
1518 }
1519 
1520 size_t Arguments::max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1521   // Avoid sign flip.
1522   assert(OopEncodingHeapMax > (uint64_t)os::vm_page_size(), "Unusual page size");
1523   // We need to fit both the NULL page and the heap into the memory budget, while
1524   // keeping alignment constraints of the heap. To guarantee the latter, as the
1525   // NULL page is located before the heap, we pad the NULL page to the conservative
1526   // maximum alignment that the GC may ever impose upon the heap.
1527   size_t displacement_due_to_null_page = align_size_up_(os::vm_page_size(),
1528                                                         _conservative_max_heap_alignment);
1529 
1530   LP64_ONLY(return OopEncodingHeapMax - displacement_due_to_null_page);
1531   NOT_LP64(ShouldNotReachHere(); return 0);
1532 }
1533 
1534 bool Arguments::should_auto_select_low_pause_collector() {
1535   if (UseAutoGCSelectPolicy &&
1536       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxGCPauseMillis) &&
1537       (MaxGCPauseMillis <= AutoGCSelectPauseMillis)) {
1538     if (PrintGCDetails) {
1539       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1540       tty->print_cr("Automatic selection of the low pause collector"
1541        " based on pause goal of %d (ms)", (int) MaxGCPauseMillis);
1542     }
1543     return true;
1544   }
1545   return false;
1546 }
1547 
1548 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_oops() {
1549 #ifndef ZERO
1550 #ifdef _LP64
1551   // MaxHeapSize is not set up properly at this point, but
1552   // the only value that can override MaxHeapSize if we are
1553   // to use UseCompressedOops is InitialHeapSize.
1554   size_t max_heap_size = MAX2(MaxHeapSize, InitialHeapSize);
1555 
1556   if (max_heap_size <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1557 #if !defined(COMPILER1) || defined(TIERED)
1558     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1559       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedOops, true);
1560     }
1561 #endif
1562 #ifdef _WIN64
1563     if (UseLargePages && UseCompressedOops) {
1564       // Cannot allocate guard pages for implicit checks in indexed addressing
1565       // mode, when large pages are specified on windows.
1566       // This flag could be switched ON if narrow oop base address is set to 0,
1567       // see code in Universe::initialize_heap().
1568       Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(false);
1569     }
1570 #endif //  _WIN64
1571   } else {
1572     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1573       warning("Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1574       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1575       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1576     }
1577   }
1578 #endif // _LP64
1579 #endif // ZERO
1580 }
1581 
1582 
1583 // NOTE: set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1584 // set_use_compressed_oops().
1585 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() {
1586 #ifndef ZERO
1587 #ifdef _LP64
1588   // UseCompressedOops must be on for UseCompressedClassPointers to be on.
1589   if (!UseCompressedOops) {
1590     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1591       warning("UseCompressedClassPointers requires UseCompressedOops");
1592     }
1593     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1594   } else {
1595     // Turn on UseCompressedClassPointers too
1596     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers)) {
1597       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedClassPointers, true);
1598     }
1599     // Check the CompressedClassSpaceSize to make sure we use compressed klass ptrs.
1600     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1601       if (CompressedClassSpaceSize > KlassEncodingMetaspaceMax) {
1602         warning("CompressedClassSpaceSize is too large for UseCompressedClassPointers");
1603         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1604       }
1605     }
1606   }
1607 #endif // _LP64
1608 #endif // !ZERO
1609 }
1610 
1611 void Arguments::set_conservative_max_heap_alignment() {
1612   // The conservative maximum required alignment for the heap is the maximum of
1613   // the alignments imposed by several sources: any requirements from the heap
1614   // itself, the collector policy and the maximum page size we may run the VM
1615   // with.
1616   size_t heap_alignment = GenCollectedHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1617 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1618   if (UseParallelGC) {
1619     heap_alignment = ParallelScavengeHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1620   } else if (UseG1GC) {
1621     heap_alignment = G1CollectedHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1622   }
1623 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1624   _conservative_max_heap_alignment = MAX4(heap_alignment,
1625                                           (size_t)os::vm_allocation_granularity(),
1626                                           os::max_page_size(),
1627                                           CollectorPolicy::compute_heap_alignment());
1628 }
1629 
1630 void Arguments::select_gc_ergonomically() {
1631   if (os::is_server_class_machine()) {
1632     if (should_auto_select_low_pause_collector()) {
1633       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
1634     } else {
1635       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
1636     }
1637   }
1638 }
1639 
1640 void Arguments::select_gc() {
1641   if (!gc_selected()) {
1642     ArgumentsExt::select_gc_ergonomically();
1643   }
1644 }
1645 
1646 void Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1647   select_gc();
1648 
1649 #ifdef COMPILER2
1650   // Shared spaces work fine with other GCs but causes bytecode rewriting
1651   // to be disabled, which hurts interpreter performance and decreases
1652   // server performance.  When -server is specified, keep the default off
1653   // unless it is asked for.  Future work: either add bytecode rewriting
1654   // at link time, or rewrite bytecodes in non-shared methods.
1655   if (!DumpSharedSpaces && !RequireSharedSpaces &&
1656       (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces) || !UseSharedSpaces)) {
1657     no_shared_spaces("COMPILER2 default: -Xshare:auto | off, have to manually setup to on.");
1658   }
1659 #endif
1660 
1661   set_conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1662 
1663 #ifndef ZERO
1664 #ifdef _LP64
1665   set_use_compressed_oops();
1666 
1667   // set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1668   // set_use_compressed_oops().
1669   set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs();
1670 
1671   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1672   // in vm_version initialization code.
1673 #endif // _LP64
1674 #endif // !ZERO
1675 }
1676 
1677 void Arguments::set_parallel_gc_flags() {
1678   assert(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC, "Error");
1679   // Enable ParallelOld unless it was explicitly disabled (cmd line or rc file).
1680   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC)) {
1681     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC, true);
1682   }
1683   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC, true);
1684 
1685   // If no heap maximum was requested explicitly, use some reasonable fraction
1686   // of the physical memory, up to a maximum of 1GB.
1687   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
1688                    Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1689   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1690     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1691         "The Parallel GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0\n");
1692     vm_exit(1);
1693   }
1694 
1695   if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
1696     // We don't want to limit adaptive heap sizing's freedom to adjust the heap
1697     // unless the user actually sets these flags.
1698     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapFreeRatio)) {
1699       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapFreeRatio, 0);
1700       _min_heap_free_ratio = MinHeapFreeRatio;
1701     }
1702     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapFreeRatio)) {
1703       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxHeapFreeRatio, 100);
1704       _max_heap_free_ratio = MaxHeapFreeRatio;
1705     }
1706   }
1707 
1708   // If InitialSurvivorRatio or MinSurvivorRatio were not specified, but the
1709   // SurvivorRatio has been set, reset their default values to SurvivorRatio +
1710   // 2.  By doing this we make SurvivorRatio also work for Parallel Scavenger.
1711   // See CR 6362902 for details.
1712   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1713     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio)) {
1714        FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1715     }
1716     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio)) {
1717       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1718     }
1719   }
1720 
1721   if (UseParallelOldGC) {
1722     // Par compact uses lower default values since they are treated as
1723     // minimums.  These are different defaults because of the different
1724     // interpretation and are not ergonomically set.
1725     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio)) {
1726       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio, 1);
1727     }
1728   }
1729 }
1730 
1731 void Arguments::set_g1_gc_flags() {
1732   assert(UseG1GC, "Error");
1733 #ifdef COMPILER1
1734   FastTLABRefill = false;
1735 #endif
1736   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1737   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1738     assert(!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads), "The default value for ParallelGCThreads should not be 0.");
1739     vm_exit_during_initialization("The flag -XX:+UseG1GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0", NULL);
1740   }
1741 
1742 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1743   if (G1ConcRefinementThreads == 0) {
1744     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(G1ConcRefinementThreads, ParallelGCThreads);
1745   }
1746 #endif
1747 
1748   // MarkStackSize will be set (if it hasn't been set by the user)
1749   // when concurrent marking is initialized.
1750   // Its value will be based upon the number of parallel marking threads.
1751   // But we do set the maximum mark stack size here.
1752   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkStackSizeMax)) {
1753     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkStackSizeMax, 128 * TASKQUEUE_SIZE);
1754   }
1755 
1756   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio) || GCTimeRatio == 0) {
1757     // In G1, we want the default GC overhead goal to be higher than
1758     // say in PS. So we set it here to 10%. Otherwise the heap might
1759     // be expanded more aggressively than we would like it to. In
1760     // fact, even 10% seems to not be high enough in some cases
1761     // (especially small GC stress tests that the main thing they do
1762     // is allocation). We might consider increase it further.
1763     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio, 9);
1764   }
1765 
1766   if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1767     tty->print_cr("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk",
1768       (unsigned int) (MarkStackSize / K), (uint) (MarkStackSizeMax / K));
1769     tty->print_cr("ConcGCThreads: %u", (uint) ConcGCThreads);
1770   }
1771 }
1772 
1773 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1774 #ifdef ASSERT
1775 static bool verify_serial_gc_flags() {
1776   return (UseSerialGC &&
1777         !(UseParNewGC || (UseConcMarkSweepGC || CMSIncrementalMode) || UseG1GC ||
1778           UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC));
1779 }
1780 #endif // ASSERT
1781 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1782 
1783 void Arguments::set_gc_specific_flags() {
1784 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1785   // Set per-collector flags
1786   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
1787     set_parallel_gc_flags();
1788   } else if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) { // Should be done before ParNew check below
1789     set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags();
1790   } else if (UseParNewGC) {  // Skipped if CMS is set above
1791     set_parnew_gc_flags();
1792   } else if (UseG1GC) {
1793     set_g1_gc_flags();
1794   }
1795   check_deprecated_gcs();
1796   check_deprecated_gc_flags();
1797   if (AssumeMP && !UseSerialGC) {
1798     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads) && ParallelGCThreads == 1) {
1799       warning("If the number of processors is expected to increase from one, then"
1800               " you should configure the number of parallel GC threads appropriately"
1801               " using -XX:ParallelGCThreads=N");
1802     }
1803   }
1804   if (MinHeapFreeRatio == 100) {
1805     // Keeping the heap 100% free is hard ;-) so limit it to 99%.
1806     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, 99);
1807   }
1808 #else // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1809   assert(verify_serial_gc_flags(), "SerialGC unset");
1810 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1811 }
1812 
1813 julong Arguments::limit_by_allocatable_memory(julong limit) {
1814   julong max_allocatable;
1815   julong result = limit;
1816   if (os::has_allocatable_memory_limit(&max_allocatable)) {
1817     result = MIN2(result, max_allocatable / MaxVirtMemFraction);
1818   }
1819   return result;
1820 }
1821 
1822 // Use static initialization to get the default before parsing
1823 static const uintx DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress = HeapBaseMinAddress;
1824 
1825 void Arguments::set_heap_size() {
1826   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DefaultMaxRAMFraction)) {
1827     // Deprecated flag
1828     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxRAMFraction, DefaultMaxRAMFraction);
1829   }
1830 
1831   const julong phys_mem =
1832     FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM) ? MIN2(os::physical_memory(), (julong)MaxRAM)
1833                             : (julong)MaxRAM;
1834 
1835   // If the maximum heap size has not been set with -Xmx,
1836   // then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1837   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1838   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1839     julong reasonable_max = phys_mem / MaxRAMFraction;
1840 
1841     if (phys_mem <= MaxHeapSize * MinRAMFraction) {
1842       // Small physical memory, so use a minimum fraction of it for the heap
1843       reasonable_max = phys_mem / MinRAMFraction;
1844     } else {
1845       // Not-small physical memory, so require a heap at least
1846       // as large as MaxHeapSize
1847       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1848     }
1849     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ErgoHeapSizeLimit) && ErgoHeapSizeLimit != 0) {
1850       // Limit the heap size to ErgoHeapSizeLimit
1851       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, (julong)ErgoHeapSizeLimit);
1852     }
1853     if (UseCompressedOops) {
1854       // Limit the heap size to the maximum possible when using compressed oops
1855       julong max_coop_heap = (julong)max_heap_for_compressed_oops();
1856 
1857       // HeapBaseMinAddress can be greater than default but not less than.
1858       if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress)) {
1859         if (HeapBaseMinAddress < DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress) {
1860           // matches compressed oops printing flags
1861           if (PrintCompressedOopsMode || (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose)) {
1862             jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1863                         "HeapBaseMinAddress must be at least " UINTX_FORMAT
1864                         " (" UINTX_FORMAT "G) which is greater than value given "
1865                         UINTX_FORMAT "\n",
1866                         DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress,
1867                         DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress/G,
1868                         HeapBaseMinAddress);
1869           }
1870           FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, HeapBaseMinAddress, DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress);
1871         }
1872       }
1873 
1874       if (HeapBaseMinAddress + MaxHeapSize < max_coop_heap) {
1875         // Heap should be above HeapBaseMinAddress to get zero based compressed oops
1876         // but it should be not less than default MaxHeapSize.
1877         max_coop_heap -= HeapBaseMinAddress;
1878       }
1879       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, max_coop_heap);
1880     }
1881     reasonable_max = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_max);
1882 
1883     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
1884       // An initial heap size was specified on the command line,
1885       // so be sure that the maximum size is consistent.  Done
1886       // after call to limit_by_allocatable_memory because that
1887       // method might reduce the allocation size.
1888       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)InitialHeapSize);
1889     }
1890 
1891     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1892       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1893       tty->print_cr("  Maximum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t) reasonable_max);
1894     }
1895     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxHeapSize, (uintx)reasonable_max);
1896   }
1897 
1898   // If the minimum or initial heap_size have not been set or requested to be set
1899   // ergonomically, set them accordingly.
1900   if (InitialHeapSize == 0 || min_heap_size() == 0) {
1901     julong reasonable_minimum = (julong)(OldSize + NewSize);
1902 
1903     reasonable_minimum = MIN2(reasonable_minimum, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1904 
1905     reasonable_minimum = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_minimum);
1906 
1907     if (InitialHeapSize == 0) {
1908       julong reasonable_initial = phys_mem / InitialRAMFraction;
1909 
1910       reasonable_initial = MAX3(reasonable_initial, reasonable_minimum, (julong)min_heap_size());
1911       reasonable_initial = MIN2(reasonable_initial, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1912 
1913       reasonable_initial = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_initial);
1914 
1915       if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1916         // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1917         tty->print_cr("  Initial heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (uintx)reasonable_initial);
1918       }
1919       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialHeapSize, (uintx)reasonable_initial);
1920     }
1921     // If the minimum heap size has not been set (via -Xms),
1922     // synchronize with InitialHeapSize to avoid errors with the default value.
1923     if (min_heap_size() == 0) {
1924       set_min_heap_size(MIN2((uintx)reasonable_minimum, InitialHeapSize));
1925       if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1926         // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1927         tty->print_cr("  Minimum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, min_heap_size());
1928       }
1929     }
1930   }
1931 }
1932 
1933 // This must be called after ergonomics because we want bytecode rewriting
1934 // if the server compiler is used, or if UseSharedSpaces is disabled.
1935 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
1936   // Better not attempt to store into a read-only space.
1937   if (UseSharedSpaces) {
1938     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteBytecodes, false);
1939     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1940   }
1941 
1942   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
1943     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1944   }
1945 }
1946 
1947 // Aggressive optimization flags  -XX:+AggressiveOpts
1948 void Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
1949 #ifdef COMPILER2
1950   if (AggressiveUnboxing) {
1951     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1952       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1953     } else if (!EliminateAutoBox) {
1954       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because EliminateAutoBox is disabled");
1955       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1956     }
1957     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
1958       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
1959     } else if (!DoEscapeAnalysis) {
1960       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because DoEscapeAnalysis is disabled");
1961       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1962     }
1963   }
1964   if (AggressiveOpts || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1965     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1966       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1967     }
1968     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1969       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax, 20000);
1970     }
1971 
1972     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
1973     char buffer[1024];
1974     sprintf(buffer, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=" INTX_FORMAT, AutoBoxCacheMax);
1975     add_property(buffer);
1976   }
1977   if (AggressiveOpts && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay)) {
1978     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay, 500);
1979   }
1980 #endif
1981 
1982   if (AggressiveOpts) {
1983 // Sample flag setting code
1984 //    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing)) {
1985 //      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing, true);
1986 //    }
1987   }
1988 }
1989 
1990 //===========================================================================================================
1991 // Parsing of java.compiler property
1992 
1993 void Arguments::process_java_compiler_argument(char* arg) {
1994   // For backwards compatibility, Djava.compiler=NONE or ""
1995   // causes us to switch to -Xint mode UNLESS -Xdebug
1996   // is also specified.
1997   if (strlen(arg) == 0 || strcasecmp(arg, "NONE") == 0) {
1998     set_java_compiler(true);    // "-Djava.compiler[=...]" most recently seen.
1999   }
2000 }
2001 
2002 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
2003   _sun_java_launcher = os::strdup_check_oom(launcher);
2004 }
2005 
2006 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
2007   assert(_sun_java_launcher != NULL, "property must have value");
2008   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
2009 }
2010 
2011 bool Arguments::sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm() {
2012   return _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm;
2013 }
2014 
2015 //===========================================================================================================
2016 // Parsing of main arguments
2017 
2018 bool Arguments::verify_interval(uintx val, uintx min,
2019                                 uintx max, const char* name) {
2020   // Returns true iff value is in the inclusive interval [min..max]
2021   // false, otherwise.
2022   if (val >= min && val <= max) {
2023     return true;
2024   }
2025   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2026               "%s of " UINTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be between " UINTX_FORMAT
2027               " and " UINTX_FORMAT "\n",
2028               name, val, min, max);
2029   return false;
2030 }
2031 
2032 bool Arguments::verify_min_value(intx val, intx min, const char* name) {
2033   // Returns true if given value is at least specified min threshold
2034   // false, otherwise.
2035   if (val >= min ) {
2036       return true;
2037   }
2038   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2039               "%s of " INTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be at least " INTX_FORMAT "\n",
2040               name, val, min);
2041   return false;
2042 }
2043 
2044 bool Arguments::verify_percentage(uintx value, const char* name) {
2045   if (is_percentage(value)) {
2046     return true;
2047   }
2048   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2049               "%s of " UINTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be between 0 and 100\n",
2050               name, value);
2051   return false;
2052 }
2053 
2054 // check if do gclog rotation
2055 // +UseGCLogFileRotation is a must,
2056 // no gc log rotation when log file not supplied or
2057 // NumberOfGCLogFiles is 0
2058 void check_gclog_consistency() {
2059   if (UseGCLogFileRotation) {
2060     if ((Arguments::gc_log_filename() == NULL) || (NumberOfGCLogFiles == 0)) {
2061       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2062                   "To enable GC log rotation, use -Xloggc:<filename> -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=<num_of_files>\n"
2063                   "where num_of_file > 0\n"
2064                   "GC log rotation is turned off\n");
2065       UseGCLogFileRotation = false;
2066     }
2067   }
2068 
2069   if (UseGCLogFileRotation && (GCLogFileSize != 0) && (GCLogFileSize < 8*K)) {
2070     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, GCLogFileSize, 8*K);
2071     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2072                 "GCLogFileSize changed to minimum 8K\n");
2073   }
2074 }
2075 
2076 // This function is called for -Xloggc:<filename>, it can be used
2077 // to check if a given file name(or string) conforms to the following
2078 // specification:
2079 // A valid string only contains "[A-Z][a-z][0-9].-_%[p|t]"
2080 // %p and %t only allowed once. We only limit usage of filename not path
2081 bool is_filename_valid(const char *file_name) {
2082   const char* p = file_name;
2083   char file_sep = os::file_separator()[0];
2084   const char* cp;
2085   // skip prefix path
2086   for (cp = file_name; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
2087     if (*cp == '/' || *cp == file_sep) {
2088       p = cp + 1;
2089     }
2090   }
2091 
2092   int count_p = 0;
2093   int count_t = 0;
2094   while (*p != '\0') {
2095     if ((*p >= '0' && *p <= '9') ||
2096         (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z') ||
2097         (*p >= 'a' && *p <= 'z') ||
2098          *p == '-'               ||
2099          *p == '_'               ||
2100          *p == '.') {
2101        p++;
2102        continue;
2103     }
2104     if (*p == '%') {
2105       if(*(p + 1) == 'p') {
2106         p += 2;
2107         count_p ++;
2108         continue;
2109       }
2110       if (*(p + 1) == 't') {
2111         p += 2;
2112         count_t ++;
2113         continue;
2114       }
2115     }
2116     return false;
2117   }
2118   return count_p < 2 && count_t < 2;
2119 }
2120 
2121 bool Arguments::verify_MinHeapFreeRatio(FormatBuffer<80>& err_msg, uintx min_heap_free_ratio) {
2122   if (!is_percentage(min_heap_free_ratio)) {
2123     err_msg.print("MinHeapFreeRatio must have a value between 0 and 100");
2124     return false;
2125   }
2126   if (min_heap_free_ratio > MaxHeapFreeRatio) {
2127     err_msg.print("MinHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ") must be less than or "
2128                   "equal to MaxHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ")", min_heap_free_ratio,
2129                   MaxHeapFreeRatio);
2130     return false;
2131   }
2132   // This does not set the flag itself, but stores the value in a safe place for later usage.
2133   _min_heap_free_ratio = min_heap_free_ratio;
2134   return true;
2135 }
2136 
2137 bool Arguments::verify_MaxHeapFreeRatio(FormatBuffer<80>& err_msg, uintx max_heap_free_ratio) {
2138   if (!is_percentage(max_heap_free_ratio)) {
2139     err_msg.print("MaxHeapFreeRatio must have a value between 0 and 100");
2140     return false;
2141   }
2142   if (max_heap_free_ratio < MinHeapFreeRatio) {
2143     err_msg.print("MaxHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ") must be greater than or "
2144                   "equal to MinHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ")", max_heap_free_ratio,
2145                   MinHeapFreeRatio);
2146     return false;
2147   }
2148   // This does not set the flag itself, but stores the value in a safe place for later usage.
2149   _max_heap_free_ratio = max_heap_free_ratio;
2150   return true;
2151 }
2152 
2153 // Check consistency of GC selection
2154 bool Arguments::check_gc_consistency_user() {
2155   check_gclog_consistency();
2156   bool status = true;
2157   // Ensure that the user has not selected conflicting sets
2158   // of collectors. [Note: this check is merely a user convenience;
2159   // collectors over-ride each other so that only a non-conflicting
2160   // set is selected; however what the user gets is not what they
2161   // may have expected from the combination they asked for. It's
2162   // better to reduce user confusion by not allowing them to
2163   // select conflicting combinations.
2164   uint i = 0;
2165   if (UseSerialGC)                       i++;
2166   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC || UseParNewGC) i++;
2167   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) i++;
2168   if (UseG1GC)                           i++;
2169   if (i > 1) {
2170     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2171                 "Conflicting collector combinations in option list; "
2172                 "please refer to the release notes for the combinations "
2173                 "allowed\n");
2174     status = false;
2175   }
2176   return status;
2177 }
2178 
2179 void Arguments::check_deprecated_gcs() {
2180   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && !UseParNewGC) {
2181     warning("Using the DefNew young collector with the CMS collector is deprecated "
2182         "and will likely be removed in a future release");
2183   }
2184 
2185   if (UseParNewGC && !UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
2186     // !UseConcMarkSweepGC means that we are using serial old gc. Unfortunately we don't
2187     // set up UseSerialGC properly, so that can't be used in the check here.
2188     warning("Using the ParNew young collector with the Serial old collector is deprecated "
2189         "and will likely be removed in a future release");
2190   }
2191 
2192   if (CMSIncrementalMode) {
2193     warning("Using incremental CMS is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release");
2194   }
2195 }
2196 
2197 void Arguments::check_deprecated_gc_flags() {
2198   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(MaxGCMinorPauseMillis)) {
2199     warning("Using MaxGCMinorPauseMillis as minor pause goal is deprecated"
2200             "and will likely be removed in future release");
2201   }
2202   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(DefaultMaxRAMFraction)) {
2203     warning("DefaultMaxRAMFraction is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release. "
2204         "Use MaxRAMFraction instead.");
2205   }
2206   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection)) {
2207     warning("UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release.");
2208   }
2209   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CMSFullGCsBeforeCompaction)) {
2210     warning("CMSFullGCsBeforeCompaction is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release.");
2211   }
2212   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseCMSCollectionPassing)) {
2213     warning("UseCMSCollectionPassing is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release.");
2214   }
2215 }
2216 
2217 // Check stack pages settings
2218 bool Arguments::check_stack_pages()
2219 {
2220   bool status = true;
2221   status = status && verify_min_value(StackYellowPages, 1, "StackYellowPages");
2222   status = status && verify_min_value(StackRedPages, 1, "StackRedPages");
2223   // greater stack shadow pages can't generate instruction to bang stack
2224   status = status && verify_interval(StackShadowPages, 1, 50, "StackShadowPages");
2225   return status;
2226 }
2227 
2228 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
2229 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
2230   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
2231   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
2232   // before returning an error.
2233   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
2234   bool status = true;
2235 
2236   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
2237     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2238                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
2239                 "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
2240                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
2241     status = false;
2242   }
2243 
2244   status = status && verify_interval(AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight, 0, 100,
2245                               "AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight");
2246   status = status && verify_percentage(ThresholdTolerance, "ThresholdTolerance");
2247 
2248   // Divide by bucket size to prevent a large size from causing rollover when
2249   // calculating amount of memory needed to be allocated for the String table.
2250   status = status && verify_interval(StringTableSize, minimumStringTableSize,
2251     (max_uintx / StringTable::bucket_size()), "StringTable size");
2252 
2253   status = status && verify_interval(SymbolTableSize, minimumSymbolTableSize,
2254     (max_uintx / SymbolTable::bucket_size()), "SymbolTable size");
2255 
2256   {
2257     // Using "else if" below to avoid printing two error messages if min > max.
2258     // This will also prevent us from reporting both min>100 and max>100 at the
2259     // same time, but that is less annoying than printing two identical errors IMHO.
2260     FormatBuffer<80> err_msg("%s","");
2261     if (!verify_MinHeapFreeRatio(err_msg, MinHeapFreeRatio)) {
2262       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s\n", err_msg.buffer());
2263       status = false;
2264     } else if (!verify_MaxHeapFreeRatio(err_msg, MaxHeapFreeRatio)) {
2265       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s\n", err_msg.buffer());
2266       status = false;
2267     }
2268   }
2269 
2270   // Min/MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio
2271   status = status && verify_percentage(MinMetaspaceFreeRatio, "MinMetaspaceFreeRatio");
2272   status = status && verify_percentage(MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio, "MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio");
2273 
2274   if (MinMetaspaceFreeRatio > MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio) {
2275     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2276                 "MinMetaspaceFreeRatio (%s" UINTX_FORMAT ") must be less than or "
2277                 "equal to MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio (%s" UINTX_FORMAT ")\n",
2278                 FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinMetaspaceFreeRatio) ? "Default: " : "",
2279                 MinMetaspaceFreeRatio,
2280                 FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio) ? "Default: " : "",
2281                 MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio);
2282     status = false;
2283   }
2284 
2285   // Trying to keep 100% free is not practical
2286   MinMetaspaceFreeRatio = MIN2(MinMetaspaceFreeRatio, (uintx) 99);
2287 
2288   if (FullGCALot && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount)) {
2289     MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount = 1;  // Move objects every gc.
2290   }
2291 
2292   if (UseParallelOldGC && ParallelOldGCSplitALot) {
2293     // Settings to encourage splitting.
2294     if (!FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(NewRatio)) {
2295       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewRatio, 2);
2296     }
2297     if (!FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
2298       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2299     }
2300   }
2301 
2302   if (!(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
2303     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2304   }
2305 
2306   status = status && verify_percentage(GCHeapFreeLimit, "GCHeapFreeLimit");
2307   status = status && verify_percentage(GCTimeLimit, "GCTimeLimit");
2308   if (GCTimeLimit == 100) {
2309     // Turn off gc-overhead-limit-exceeded checks
2310     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
2311   }
2312 
2313   status = status && ArgumentsExt::check_gc_consistency_user();
2314   status = status && check_stack_pages();
2315 
2316   if (CMSIncrementalMode) {
2317     if (!UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
2318       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2319                   "error:  invalid argument combination.\n"
2320                   "The CMS collector (-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC) must be "
2321                   "selected in order\nto use CMSIncrementalMode.\n");
2322       status = false;
2323     } else {
2324       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalDutyCycle,
2325                                   "CMSIncrementalDutyCycle");
2326       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalDutyCycleMin,
2327                                   "CMSIncrementalDutyCycleMin");
2328       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor,
2329                                   "CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor");
2330       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalOffset,
2331                                   "CMSIncrementalOffset");
2332       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSExpAvgFactor,
2333                                   "CMSExpAvgFactor");
2334       // If it was not set on the command line, set
2335       // CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction to 1 so icms can initiate cycles early.
2336       if (CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction < 0) {
2337         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction, 1);
2338       }
2339     }
2340   }
2341 
2342   // CMS space iteration, which FLSVerifyAllHeapreferences entails,
2343   // insists that we hold the requisite locks so that the iteration is
2344   // MT-safe. For the verification at start-up and shut-down, we don't
2345   // yet have a good way of acquiring and releasing these locks,
2346   // which are not visible at the CollectedHeap level. We want to
2347   // be able to acquire these locks and then do the iteration rather
2348   // than just disable the lock verification. This will be fixed under
2349   // bug 4788986.
2350   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences) {
2351     if (VerifyDuringStartup) {
2352       warning("Heap verification at start-up disabled "
2353               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2354       VerifyDuringStartup = false; // Disable verification at start-up
2355     }
2356 
2357     if (VerifyBeforeExit) {
2358       warning("Heap verification at shutdown disabled "
2359               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2360       VerifyBeforeExit = false; // Disable verification at shutdown
2361     }
2362   }
2363 
2364   // Note: only executed in non-PRODUCT mode
2365   if (!UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC &&
2366       (ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent ||
2367        ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses)) {
2368     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2369                 "error: +ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent[AndUnloadsClasses] conflicts"
2370                 " with -UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC");
2371     status = false;
2372   }
2373 
2374   status = status && verify_min_value(ParGCArrayScanChunk, 1, "ParGCArrayScanChunk");
2375 
2376 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
2377   if (UseG1GC) {
2378     status = status && verify_percentage(G1NewSizePercent, "G1NewSizePercent");
2379     status = status && verify_percentage(G1MaxNewSizePercent, "G1MaxNewSizePercent");
2380     status = status && verify_interval(G1NewSizePercent, 0, G1MaxNewSizePercent, "G1NewSizePercent");
2381 
2382     status = status && verify_percentage(InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent,
2383                                          "InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent");
2384     status = status && verify_min_value(G1RefProcDrainInterval, 1,
2385                                         "G1RefProcDrainInterval");
2386     status = status && verify_min_value((intx)G1ConcMarkStepDurationMillis, 1,
2387                                         "G1ConcMarkStepDurationMillis");
2388     status = status && verify_interval(G1ConcRSHotCardLimit, 0, max_jubyte,
2389                                        "G1ConcRSHotCardLimit");
2390     status = status && verify_interval(G1ConcRSLogCacheSize, 0, 31,
2391                                        "G1ConcRSLogCacheSize");
2392     status = status && verify_interval(StringDeduplicationAgeThreshold, 1, markOopDesc::max_age,
2393                                        "StringDeduplicationAgeThreshold");
2394   }
2395   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
2396     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSOldPLABNumRefills, 1, "CMSOldPLABNumRefills");
2397     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSOldPLABToleranceFactor, 1, "CMSOldPLABToleranceFactor");
2398     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSOldPLABMax, 1, "CMSOldPLABMax");
2399     status = status && verify_interval(CMSOldPLABMin, 1, CMSOldPLABMax, "CMSOldPLABMin");
2400 
2401     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSYoungGenPerWorker, 1, "CMSYoungGenPerWorker");
2402 
2403     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSSamplingGrain, 1, "CMSSamplingGrain");
2404     status = status && verify_interval(CMS_SweepWeight, 0, 100, "CMS_SweepWeight");
2405     status = status && verify_interval(CMS_FLSWeight, 0, 100, "CMS_FLSWeight");
2406 
2407     status = status && verify_interval(FLSCoalescePolicy, 0, 4, "FLSCoalescePolicy");
2408 
2409     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSRescanMultiple, 1, "CMSRescanMultiple");
2410     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSConcMarkMultiple, 1, "CMSConcMarkMultiple");
2411 
2412     status = status && verify_interval(CMSPrecleanIter, 0, 9, "CMSPrecleanIter");
2413     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSPrecleanDenominator, 1, "CMSPrecleanDenominator");
2414     status = status && verify_interval(CMSPrecleanNumerator, 0, CMSPrecleanDenominator - 1, "CMSPrecleanNumerator");
2415 
2416     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSBootstrapOccupancy, "CMSBootstrapOccupancy");
2417 
2418     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSPrecleanThreshold, 100, "CMSPrecleanThreshold");
2419 
2420     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSScheduleRemarkEdenPenetration, "CMSScheduleRemarkEdenPenetration");
2421     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSScheduleRemarkSamplingRatio, 1, "CMSScheduleRemarkSamplingRatio");
2422     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSBitMapYieldQuantum, 1, "CMSBitMapYieldQuantum");
2423     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSTriggerRatio, "CMSTriggerRatio");
2424     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIsTooFullPercentage, "CMSIsTooFullPercentage");
2425   }
2426 
2427   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
2428     status = status && verify_interval(ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterMean, 0, 100, "ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterMean");
2429     status = status && verify_interval(ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterStdDev, 0, 100, "ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterStdDev");
2430 
2431     status = status && verify_percentage(YoungGenerationSizeIncrement, "YoungGenerationSizeIncrement");
2432     status = status && verify_percentage(TenuredGenerationSizeIncrement, "TenuredGenerationSizeIncrement");
2433 
2434     status = status && verify_min_value(YoungGenerationSizeSupplementDecay, 1, "YoungGenerationSizeSupplementDecay");
2435     status = status && verify_min_value(TenuredGenerationSizeSupplementDecay, 1, "TenuredGenerationSizeSupplementDecay");
2436 
2437     status = status && verify_min_value(ParGCCardsPerStrideChunk, 1, "ParGCCardsPerStrideChunk");
2438 
2439     status = status && verify_min_value(ParallelOldGCSplitInterval, 0, "ParallelOldGCSplitInterval");
2440   }
2441 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
2442 
2443   status = status && verify_interval(RefDiscoveryPolicy,
2444                                      ReferenceProcessor::DiscoveryPolicyMin,
2445                                      ReferenceProcessor::DiscoveryPolicyMax,
2446                                      "RefDiscoveryPolicy");
2447 
2448   // Limit the lower bound of this flag to 1 as it is used in a division
2449   // expression.
2450   status = status && verify_interval(TLABWasteTargetPercent,
2451                                      1, 100, "TLABWasteTargetPercent");
2452 
2453   status = status && verify_object_alignment();
2454 
2455   status = status && verify_interval(CompressedClassSpaceSize, 1*M, 3*G,
2456                                       "CompressedClassSpaceSize");
2457 
2458   status = status && verify_interval(MarkStackSizeMax,
2459                                   1, (max_jint - 1), "MarkStackSizeMax");
2460   status = status && verify_interval(NUMAChunkResizeWeight, 0, 100, "NUMAChunkResizeWeight");
2461 
2462   status = status && verify_min_value(LogEventsBufferEntries, 1, "LogEventsBufferEntries");
2463 
2464   status = status && verify_min_value(HeapSizePerGCThread, (uintx) os::vm_page_size(), "HeapSizePerGCThread");
2465 
2466   status = status && verify_min_value(GCTaskTimeStampEntries, 1, "GCTaskTimeStampEntries");
2467 
2468   status = status && verify_percentage(ParallelGCBufferWastePct, "ParallelGCBufferWastePct");
2469   status = status && verify_interval(TargetPLABWastePct, 1, 100, "TargetPLABWastePct");
2470 
2471   status = status && verify_min_value(ParGCStridesPerThread, 1, "ParGCStridesPerThread");
2472 
2473   status = status && verify_min_value(MinRAMFraction, 1, "MinRAMFraction");
2474   status = status && verify_min_value(InitialRAMFraction, 1, "InitialRAMFraction");
2475   status = status && verify_min_value(MaxRAMFraction, 1, "MaxRAMFraction");
2476   status = status && verify_min_value(DefaultMaxRAMFraction, 1, "DefaultMaxRAMFraction");
2477 
2478   status = status && verify_interval(AdaptiveTimeWeight, 0, 100, "AdaptiveTimeWeight");
2479   status = status && verify_min_value(AdaptiveSizeDecrementScaleFactor, 1, "AdaptiveSizeDecrementScaleFactor");
2480 
2481   status = status && verify_interval(TLABAllocationWeight, 0, 100, "TLABAllocationWeight");
2482   status = status && verify_min_value(MinTLABSize, 1, "MinTLABSize");
2483   status = status && verify_min_value(TLABRefillWasteFraction, 1, "TLABRefillWasteFraction");
2484 
2485   status = status && verify_percentage(YoungGenerationSizeSupplement, "YoungGenerationSizeSupplement");
2486   status = status && verify_percentage(TenuredGenerationSizeSupplement, "TenuredGenerationSizeSupplement");
2487 
2488   status = status && verify_interval(MaxTenuringThreshold, 0, markOopDesc::max_age + 1, "MaxTenuringThreshold");
2489   status = status && verify_interval(InitialTenuringThreshold, 0, MaxTenuringThreshold, "InitialTenuringThreshold");
2490   status = status && verify_percentage(TargetSurvivorRatio, "TargetSurvivorRatio");
2491   status = status && verify_percentage(MarkSweepDeadRatio, "MarkSweepDeadRatio");
2492 
2493   status = status && verify_min_value(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount, 1, "MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount");
2494 #ifdef COMPILER1
2495   status = status && verify_min_value(ValueMapInitialSize, 1, "ValueMapInitialSize");
2496 #endif
2497 
2498   if (PrintNMTStatistics) {
2499 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2500     if (MemTracker::tracking_level() == NMT_off) {
2501 #endif // INCLUDE_NMT
2502       warning("PrintNMTStatistics is disabled, because native memory tracking is not enabled");
2503       PrintNMTStatistics = false;
2504 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2505     }
2506 #endif
2507   }
2508 
2509   // Need to limit the extent of the padding to reasonable size.
2510   // 8K is well beyond the reasonable HW cache line size, even with the
2511   // aggressive prefetching, while still leaving the room for segregating
2512   // among the distinct pages.
2513   if (ContendedPaddingWidth < 0 || ContendedPaddingWidth > 8192) {
2514     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2515                 "ContendedPaddingWidth=" INTX_FORMAT " must be in between %d and %d\n",
2516                 ContendedPaddingWidth, 0, 8192);
2517     status = false;
2518   }
2519 
2520   // Need to enforce the padding not to break the existing field alignments.
2521   // It is sufficient to check against the largest type size.
2522   if ((ContendedPaddingWidth % BytesPerLong) != 0) {
2523     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2524                 "ContendedPaddingWidth=" INTX_FORMAT " must be a multiple of %d\n",
2525                 ContendedPaddingWidth, BytesPerLong);
2526     status = false;
2527   }
2528 
2529   // Check lower bounds of the code cache
2530   // Template Interpreter code is approximately 3X larger in debug builds.
2531   uint min_code_cache_size = (CodeCacheMinimumUseSpace DEBUG_ONLY(* 3)) + CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace;
2532   if (InitialCodeCacheSize < (uintx)os::vm_page_size()) {
2533     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2534                 "Invalid InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %dK.\n", InitialCodeCacheSize/K,
2535                 os::vm_page_size()/K);
2536     status = false;
2537   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < InitialCodeCacheSize) {
2538     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2539                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize: %dK. Must be at least InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK.\n",
2540                 ReservedCodeCacheSize/K, InitialCodeCacheSize/K);
2541     status = false;
2542   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < min_code_cache_size) {
2543     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2544                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/K,
2545                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2546     status = false;
2547   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize > 2*G) {
2548     // Code cache size larger than MAXINT is not supported.
2549     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2550                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dM. Must be at most %uM.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/M,
2551                 (2*G)/M);
2552     status = false;
2553   } else if (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize < min_code_cache_size){
2554     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2555                 "Invalid NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K,
2556                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2557     status = false;
2558   } else if ((!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NonNMethodCodeHeapSize) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ProfiledCodeHeapSize) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NonProfiledCodeHeapSize))
2559              && (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize) != ReservedCodeCacheSize) {
2560     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2561                 "Invalid code heap sizes: NonNMethodCodeHeapSize(%dK) + ProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) = %dK. Must be equal to ReservedCodeCacheSize = %uK.\n",
2562                 NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K, ProfiledCodeHeapSize/K, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize/K,
2563                 (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize)/K, ReservedCodeCacheSize/K);
2564     status = false;
2565   }
2566 
2567   status &= verify_interval(NmethodSweepFraction, 1, ReservedCodeCacheSize/K, "NmethodSweepFraction");
2568   status &= verify_interval(NmethodSweepActivity, 0, 2000, "NmethodSweepActivity");
2569   status &= verify_interval(CodeCacheMinBlockLength, 1, 100, "CodeCacheMinBlockLength");
2570   status &= verify_interval(CodeCacheSegmentSize, 1, 1024, "CodeCacheSegmentSize");
2571 
2572   int min_number_of_compiler_threads = get_min_number_of_compiler_threads();
2573   // The default CICompilerCount's value is CI_COMPILER_COUNT.
2574   assert(min_number_of_compiler_threads <= CI_COMPILER_COUNT, "minimum should be less or equal default number");
2575   // Check the minimum number of compiler threads
2576   status &=verify_min_value(CICompilerCount, min_number_of_compiler_threads, "CICompilerCount");
2577 
2578   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCount) && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCountPerCPU) && CICompilerCountPerCPU) {
2579     warning("The VM option CICompilerCountPerCPU overrides CICompilerCount.");
2580   }
2581 
2582   return status;
2583 }
2584 
2585 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
2586   const char* option_type) {
2587   if (ignore) return false;
2588 
2589   const char* spacer = " ";
2590   if (option_type == NULL) {
2591     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
2592   }
2593 
2594   if (os::obsolete_option(option)) {
2595     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2596                 "Obsolete %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2597       option->optionString);
2598     return false;
2599   } else {
2600     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2601                 "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2602       option->optionString);
2603     return true;
2604   }
2605 }
2606 
2607 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
2608   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", 0
2609 };
2610 
2611 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
2612   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", 0
2613 };
2614 
2615 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
2616 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
2617 // the option must match exactly.
2618 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
2619   bool tail_allowed) {
2620   for (/* empty */; *names != NULL; ++names) {
2621     if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
2622       if (**tail == '\0' || tail_allowed && **tail == ':') {
2623         return true;
2624       }
2625     }
2626   }
2627   return false;
2628 }
2629 
2630 bool Arguments::parse_uintx(const char* value,
2631                             uintx* uintx_arg,
2632                             uintx min_size) {
2633 
2634   // Check the sign first since atomull() parses only unsigned values.
2635   bool value_is_positive = !(*value == '-');
2636 
2637   if (value_is_positive) {
2638     julong n;
2639     bool good_return = atomull(value, &n);
2640     if (good_return) {
2641       bool above_minimum = n >= min_size;
2642       bool value_is_too_large = n > max_uintx;
2643 
2644       if (above_minimum && !value_is_too_large) {
2645         *uintx_arg = n;
2646         return true;
2647       }
2648     }
2649   }
2650   return false;
2651 }
2652 
2653 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
2654                                                   julong* long_arg,
2655                                                   julong min_size) {
2656   if (!atomull(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
2657   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size);
2658 }
2659 
2660 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
2661 
2662 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
2663   // For components of the system classpath.
2664   SysClassPath scp(Arguments::get_sysclasspath());
2665   bool scp_assembly_required = false;
2666 
2667   // Save default settings for some mode flags
2668   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
2669   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
2670   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
2671   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
2672 
2673   // Setup flags for mixed which is the default
2674   set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2675 
2676   // Parse JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment variable (if present)
2677   jint result = parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&scp, &scp_assembly_required);
2678   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2679     return result;
2680   }
2681 
2682   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in
2683   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(args, &scp, &scp_assembly_required, Flag::COMMAND_LINE);
2684   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2685     return result;
2686   }
2687 
2688   // Parse _JAVA_OPTIONS environment variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
2689   result = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&scp, &scp_assembly_required);
2690   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2691     return result;
2692   }
2693 
2694   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
2695   result = finalize_vm_init_args(&scp, scp_assembly_required);
2696   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2697     return result;
2698   }
2699 
2700   return JNI_OK;
2701 }
2702 
2703 // Checks if name in command-line argument -agent{lib,path}:name[=options]
2704 // represents a valid HPROF of JDWP agent.  is_path==true denotes that we
2705 // are dealing with -agentpath (case where name is a path), otherwise with
2706 // -agentlib
2707 bool valid_hprof_or_jdwp_agent(char *name, bool is_path) {
2708   char *_name;
2709   const char *_hprof = "hprof", *_jdwp = "jdwp";
2710   size_t _len_hprof, _len_jdwp, _len_prefix;
2711 
2712   if (is_path) {
2713     if ((_name = strrchr(name, (int) *os::file_separator())) == NULL) {
2714       return false;
2715     }
2716 
2717     _name++;  // skip past last path separator
2718     _len_prefix = strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX);
2719 
2720     if (strncmp(_name, JNI_LIB_PREFIX, _len_prefix) != 0) {
2721       return false;
2722     }
2723 
2724     _name += _len_prefix;
2725     _len_hprof = strlen(_hprof);
2726     _len_jdwp = strlen(_jdwp);
2727 
2728     if (strncmp(_name, _hprof, _len_hprof) == 0) {
2729       _name += _len_hprof;
2730     }
2731     else if (strncmp(_name, _jdwp, _len_jdwp) == 0) {
2732       _name += _len_jdwp;
2733     }
2734     else {
2735       return false;
2736     }
2737 
2738     if (strcmp(_name, JNI_LIB_SUFFIX) != 0) {
2739       return false;
2740     }
2741 
2742     return true;
2743   }
2744 
2745   if (strcmp(name, _hprof) == 0 || strcmp(name, _jdwp) == 0) {
2746     return true;
2747   }
2748 
2749   return false;
2750 }
2751 
2752 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
2753                                        SysClassPath* scp_p,
2754                                        bool* scp_assembly_required_p,
2755                                        Flag::Flags origin) {
2756   // Remaining part of option string
2757   const char* tail;
2758 
2759   // iterate over arguments
2760   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2761     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
2762 
2763     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
2764 
2765     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
2766         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
2767         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
2768 
2769         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
2770         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
2771         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
2772         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
2773         // string constant object.
2774         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
2775     }
2776 
2777     // -verbose:[class/gc/jni]
2778     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
2779       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
2780         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassLoading, true);
2781         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassUnloading, true);
2782       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
2783         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true);
2784       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2785         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintJNIResolving, true);
2786       }
2787     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
2788     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
2789     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
2790     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
2791       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2792       if (*tail == '\0') {
2793         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
2794       } else {
2795         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
2796         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
2797       }
2798     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
2799     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
2800       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2801       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
2802     // -bootclasspath:
2803     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
2804       scp_p->reset_path(tail);
2805       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2806     // -bootclasspath/a:
2807     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
2808       scp_p->add_suffix(tail);
2809       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2810     // -bootclasspath/p:
2811     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
2812       scp_p->add_prefix(tail);
2813       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2814     // -Xrun
2815     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
2816       if (tail != NULL) {
2817         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
2818         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2819         char* name = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtInternal), tail, len);
2820         name[len] = '\0';
2821 
2822         char *options = NULL;
2823         if(pos != NULL) {
2824           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
2825           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2, mtInternal), pos+1, len2);
2826         }
2827 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2828         if ((strcmp(name, "hprof") == 0) || (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0)) {
2829           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2830             "Profiling and debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2831           return JNI_ERR;
2832         }
2833 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2834         add_init_library(name, options);
2835       }
2836     // -agentlib and -agentpath
2837     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
2838           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
2839       if(tail != NULL) {
2840         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
2841         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2842         char* name = strncpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtInternal), tail, len);
2843         name[len] = '\0';
2844 
2845         char *options = NULL;
2846         if(pos != NULL) {
2847           options = strcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(pos + 1) + 1, mtInternal), pos + 1);
2848         }
2849 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2850         if (valid_hprof_or_jdwp_agent(name, is_absolute_path)) {
2851           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2852             "Profiling and debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2853           return JNI_ERR;
2854         }
2855 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2856         add_init_agent(name, options, is_absolute_path);
2857       }
2858     // -javaagent
2859     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
2860 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2861       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2862         "Instrumentation agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2863       return JNI_ERR;
2864 #else
2865       if(tail != NULL) {
2866         char *options = strcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(tail) + 1, mtInternal), tail);
2867         add_init_agent("instrument", options, false);
2868       }
2869 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2870     // -Xnoclassgc
2871     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc", &tail)) {
2872       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloading, false);
2873     // -Xincgc: i-CMS
2874     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xincgc", &tail)) {
2875       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
2876       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSIncrementalMode, true);
2877     // -Xnoincgc: no i-CMS
2878     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoincgc", &tail)) {
2879       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
2880       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSIncrementalMode, false);
2881     // -Xconcgc
2882     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcgc", &tail)) {
2883       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
2884     // -Xnoconcgc
2885     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoconcgc", &tail)) {
2886       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
2887     // -Xbatch
2888     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch", &tail)) {
2889       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
2890     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
2891     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
2892       julong long_initial_young_size = 0;
2893       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_young_size, 1);
2894       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2895         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2896                     "Invalid initial young generation size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2897         describe_range_error(errcode);
2898         return JNI_EINVAL;
2899       }
2900       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxNewSize, (uintx)long_initial_young_size);
2901       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSize, (uintx)long_initial_young_size);
2902     // -Xms
2903     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
2904       julong long_initial_heap_size = 0;
2905       // an initial heap size of 0 means automatically determine
2906       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_heap_size, 0);
2907       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2908         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2909                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2910         describe_range_error(errcode);
2911         return JNI_EINVAL;
2912       }
2913       set_min_heap_size((uintx)long_initial_heap_size);
2914       // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2915       // Can be overridden with -XX:InitialHeapSize.
2916       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, InitialHeapSize, (uintx)long_initial_heap_size);
2917     // -Xmx
2918     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail) || match_option(option, "-XX:MaxHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2919       julong long_max_heap_size = 0;
2920       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
2921       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2922         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2923                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2924         describe_range_error(errcode);
2925         return JNI_EINVAL;
2926       }
2927       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapSize, (uintx)long_max_heap_size);
2928     // Xmaxf
2929     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
2930       char* err;
2931       int maxf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2932       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0' || maxf < 0 || maxf > 100) {
2933         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2934                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2935                     option->optionString);
2936         return JNI_EINVAL;
2937       } else {
2938         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf);
2939       }
2940     // Xminf
2941     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
2942       char* err;
2943       int minf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2944       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0' || minf < 0 || minf > 100) {
2945         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2946                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2947                     option->optionString);
2948         return JNI_EINVAL;
2949       } else {
2950         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, minf);
2951       }
2952     // -Xss
2953     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
2954       julong long_ThreadStackSize = 0;
2955       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ThreadStackSize, 1000);
2956       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2957         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2958                     "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2959         describe_range_error(errcode);
2960         return JNI_EINVAL;
2961       }
2962       // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
2963       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, ThreadStackSize,
2964                               round_to((int)long_ThreadStackSize, K) / K);
2965     // -Xoss
2966     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoss", &tail)) {
2967           // HotSpot does not have separate native and Java stacks, ignore silently for compatibility
2968     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CodeCacheExpansionSize=", &tail)) {
2969       julong long_CodeCacheExpansionSize = 0;
2970       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_CodeCacheExpansionSize, os::vm_page_size());
2971       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2972         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2973                    "Invalid argument: %s. Must be at least %luK.\n", option->optionString,
2974                    os::vm_page_size()/K);
2975         return JNI_EINVAL;
2976       }
2977       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CodeCacheExpansionSize, (uintx)long_CodeCacheExpansionSize);
2978     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail) ||
2979                match_option(option, "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=", &tail)) {
2980       julong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
2981 
2982       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize, 1);
2983       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2984         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2985                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2986         return JNI_EINVAL;
2987       }
2988       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize);
2989       // -XX:NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=
2990     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2991       julong long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize = 0;
2992 
2993       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize, 1);
2994       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2995         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2996                     "Invalid maximum non-nmethod code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2997         return JNI_EINVAL;
2998       }
2999       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NonNMethodCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize);
3000       // -XX:ProfiledCodeHeapSize=
3001     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ProfiledCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
3002       julong long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize = 0;
3003 
3004       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize, 1);
3005       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3006         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3007                     "Invalid maximum profiled code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
3008         return JNI_EINVAL;
3009       }
3010       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ProfiledCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize);
3011       // -XX:NonProfiledCodeHeapSizee=
3012     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:NonProfiledCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
3013       julong long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize = 0;
3014 
3015       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, 1);
3016       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3017         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3018                     "Invalid maximum non-profiled code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
3019         return JNI_EINVAL;
3020       }
3021       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize);
3022       //-XX:IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt=
3023     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt=", &tail)) {
3024         uintx uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt = 0;
3025         if (!parse_uintx(tail, &uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt, 0) || uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt > 99) {
3026           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3027                       "Invalid value for IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt: %s. Should be between 0 and 99.\n",
3028                       option->optionString);
3029           return JNI_EINVAL;
3030         }
3031         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt, (uintx)uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt);
3032     // -green
3033     } else if (match_option(option, "-green", &tail)) {
3034       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3035                   "Green threads support not available\n");
3036           return JNI_EINVAL;
3037     // -native
3038     } else if (match_option(option, "-native", &tail)) {
3039           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
3040     // -Xsqnopause
3041     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xsqnopause", &tail)) {
3042           // EVM option, ignore silently for compatibility
3043     // -Xrs
3044     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs", &tail)) {
3045           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
3046       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, true);
3047     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xusealtsigs", &tail)) {
3048           // change default internal VM signals used - lower case for back compat
3049       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseAltSigs, true);
3050     // -Xoptimize
3051     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoptimize", &tail)) {
3052           // EVM option, ignore silently for compatibility
3053     // -Xprof
3054     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof", &tail)) {
3055 #if INCLUDE_FPROF
3056       _has_profile = true;
3057 #else // INCLUDE_FPROF
3058       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3059         "Flat profiling is not supported in this VM.\n");
3060       return JNI_ERR;
3061 #endif // INCLUDE_FPROF
3062     // -Xconcurrentio
3063     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcurrentio", &tail)) {
3064       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseLWPSynchronization, true);
3065       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
3066       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, DeferThrSuspendLoopCount, 1);
3067       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false);
3068       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSizeThreadIncrease, 16 * K);  // 20Kb per thread added to new generation
3069 
3070       // -Xinternalversion
3071     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion", &tail)) {
3072       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
3073                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
3074       vm_exit(0);
3075 #ifndef PRODUCT
3076     // -Xprintflags
3077     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags", &tail)) {
3078       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
3079       vm_exit(0);
3080 #endif
3081     // -D
3082     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
3083       if (!add_property(tail)) {
3084         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3085       }
3086       // Out of the box management support
3087       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
3088 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3089         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ManagementServer, true);
3090 #else
3091         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3092           "-Dcom.sun.management is not supported in this VM.\n");
3093         return JNI_ERR;
3094 #endif
3095       }
3096     // -Xint
3097     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint", &tail)) {
3098           set_mode_flags(_int);
3099     // -Xmixed
3100     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed", &tail)) {
3101           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
3102     // -Xcomp
3103     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp", &tail)) {
3104       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
3105           set_mode_flags(_comp);
3106     // -Xshare:dump
3107     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump", &tail)) {
3108       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true);
3109       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
3110     // -Xshare:on
3111     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on", &tail)) {
3112       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
3113       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true);
3114     // -Xshare:auto
3115     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto", &tail)) {
3116       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
3117       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false);
3118     // -Xshare:off
3119     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off", &tail)) {
3120       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, false);
3121       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false);
3122     // -Xverify
3123     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
3124       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
3125         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, true);
3126         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
3127       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
3128         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false);
3129         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
3130       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
3131         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false);
3132         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, false);
3133       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
3134         return JNI_EINVAL;
3135       }
3136     // -Xdebug
3137     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug", &tail)) {
3138       // note this flag has been used, then ignore
3139       set_xdebug_mode(true);
3140     // -Xnoagent
3141     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoagent", &tail)) {
3142       // For compatibility with classic. HotSpot refuses to load the old style agent.dll.
3143     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xboundthreads", &tail)) {
3144       // Bind user level threads to kernel threads (Solaris only)
3145       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseBoundThreads, true);
3146     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
3147       // Redirect GC output to the file. -Xloggc:<filename>
3148       // ostream_init_log(), when called will use this filename
3149       // to initialize a fileStream.
3150       _gc_log_filename = os::strdup_check_oom(tail);
3151      if (!is_filename_valid(_gc_log_filename)) {
3152        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3153                   "Invalid file name for use with -Xloggc: Filename can only contain the "
3154                   "characters [A-Z][a-z][0-9]-_.%%[p|t] but it has been %s\n"
3155                   "Note %%p or %%t can only be used once\n", _gc_log_filename);
3156         return JNI_EINVAL;
3157       }
3158       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true);
3159       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGCTimeStamps, true);
3160 
3161     // JNI hooks
3162     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
3163       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
3164 #if !INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3165         warning("JNI CHECKING is not supported in this VM");
3166 #else
3167         CheckJNICalls = true;
3168 #endif // INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3169       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
3170                                      "check")) {
3171         return JNI_EINVAL;
3172       }
3173     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf", &tail)) {
3174       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3175     } else if (match_option(option, "exit", &tail)) {
3176       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3177     } else if (match_option(option, "abort", &tail)) {
3178       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3179     // -XX:+AggressiveHeap
3180     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AggressiveHeap", &tail)) {
3181 
3182       // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
3183       // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
3184       // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
3185       // amounts of cpu and memory.
3186 
3187       // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
3188       // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
3189       // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
3190       // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
3191       // calculations.
3192       julong initHeapSize;
3193       julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
3194 
3195       if (total_memory < (julong)256*M) {
3196         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3197                     "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
3198         vm_exit(1);
3199       }
3200 
3201       // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
3202       // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
3203       // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
3204       // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
3205 
3206       initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong)2,
3207                           total_memory - (julong)160*M);
3208 
3209       initHeapSize = limit_by_allocatable_memory(initHeapSize);
3210 
3211       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
3212          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize);
3213          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, InitialHeapSize, initHeapSize);
3214          // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
3215          set_min_heap_size(initHeapSize);
3216       }
3217       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
3218          // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
3219          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSize,
3220                                 ((julong)MaxHeapSize / (julong)8) * (julong)3);
3221          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxNewSize, NewSize);
3222       }
3223 
3224 #ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD.
3225       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
3226 #endif
3227 
3228       // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
3229       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, BaseFootPrintEstimate, MaxHeapSize);
3230       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false);
3231       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, TLABSize, 256*K);
3232 
3233       // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
3234       // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
3235       // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
3236       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, YoungPLABSize, 256*K);      // Note: this is in words
3237 
3238       // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
3239       // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
3240       // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
3241       // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
3242       // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
3243       // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
3244       // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
3245       // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
3246       // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
3247       // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
3248       // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
3249       // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
3250       // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
3251       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, OldPLABSize, 8*K);  // Note: this is in words
3252 
3253       // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
3254       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
3255       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
3256                        Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
3257 
3258       // Encourage steady state memory management
3259       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ThresholdTolerance, 100);
3260 
3261       // This appears to improve mutator locality
3262       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
3263 
3264       // Get around early Solaris scheduling bug
3265       // (affinity vs other jobs on system)
3266       // but disallow DR and offlining (5008695).
3267       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs, true);
3268 
3269     // Need to keep consistency of MaxTenuringThreshold and AlwaysTenure/NeverTenure;
3270     // and the last option wins.
3271     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure", &tail)) {
3272       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, true);
3273       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false);
3274       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, markOopDesc::max_age + 1);
3275     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure", &tail)) {
3276       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false);
3277       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true);
3278       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, 0);
3279     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=", &tail)) {
3280       uintx max_tenuring_thresh = 0;
3281       if(!parse_uintx(tail, &max_tenuring_thresh, 0)) {
3282         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3283                     "Invalid MaxTenuringThreshold: %s\n", option->optionString);
3284       }
3285       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, max_tenuring_thresh);
3286 
3287       if (MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
3288         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false);
3289         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true);
3290       } else {
3291         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false);
3292         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false);
3293       }
3294     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled", &tail) ||
3295                match_option(option, "-XX:-CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled", &tail)) {
3296       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3297         "Please use CMSClassUnloadingEnabled in place of "
3298         "CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled in the future\n");
3299     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseGCTimeLimit", &tail)) {
3300       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseGCOverheadLimit, true);
3301       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3302         "Please use -XX:+UseGCOverheadLimit in place of "
3303         "-XX:+UseGCTimeLimit in the future\n");
3304     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UseGCTimeLimit", &tail)) {
3305       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
3306       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3307         "Please use -XX:-UseGCOverheadLimit in place of "
3308         "-XX:-UseGCTimeLimit in the future\n");
3309     // The TLE options are for compatibility with 1.3 and will be
3310     // removed without notice in a future release.  These options
3311     // are not to be documented.
3312     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTLERatio=", &tail)) {
3313       // No longer used.
3314     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ResizeTLE", &tail)) {
3315       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, true);
3316     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-ResizeTLE", &tail)) {
3317       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false);
3318     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintTLE", &tail)) {
3319       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintTLAB, true);
3320     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintTLE", &tail)) {
3321       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintTLAB, false);
3322     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLEFragmentationRatio=", &tail)) {
3323       // No longer used.
3324     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLESize=", &tail)) {
3325       julong long_tlab_size = 0;
3326       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_tlab_size, 1);
3327       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3328         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3329                     "Invalid TLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3330         describe_range_error(errcode);
3331         return JNI_EINVAL;
3332       }
3333       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, TLABSize, long_tlab_size);
3334     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLEThreadRatio=", &tail)) {
3335       // No longer used.
3336     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseTLE", &tail)) {
3337       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, true);
3338     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UseTLE", &tail)) {
3339       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false);
3340     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr", &tail)) {
3341       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false);
3342       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true);
3343     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout", &tail)) {
3344       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false);
3345       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true);
3346     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExtendedDTraceProbes", &tail)) {
3347 #if defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3348       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes, true);
3349       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, true);
3350       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, true);
3351       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, true);
3352 #else // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3353       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3354                   "ExtendedDTraceProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
3355       return JNI_EINVAL;
3356 #endif // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3357 #ifdef ASSERT
3358     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot", &tail)) {
3359       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, FullGCALot, true);
3360       // disable scavenge before parallel mark-compact
3361       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
3362 #endif
3363     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim=", &tail)) {
3364       julong cms_blocks_to_claim = (julong)atol(tail);
3365       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, cms_blocks_to_claim);
3366       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3367         "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
3368         "-XX:CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim in the future\n");
3369     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParCMSPromoteBlocksToClaim=", &tail)) {
3370       julong cms_blocks_to_claim = (julong)atol(tail);
3371       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, cms_blocks_to_claim);
3372       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3373         "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
3374         "-XX:ParCMSPromoteBlocksToClaim in the future\n");
3375     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelGCOldGenAllocBufferSize=", &tail)) {
3376       julong old_plab_size = 0;
3377       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &old_plab_size, 1);
3378       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3379         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3380                     "Invalid old PLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3381         describe_range_error(errcode);
3382         return JNI_EINVAL;
3383       }
3384       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, OldPLABSize, old_plab_size);
3385       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3386                   "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
3387                   "-XX:ParallelGCOldGenAllocBufferSize in the future\n");
3388     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelGCToSpaceAllocBufferSize=", &tail)) {
3389       julong young_plab_size = 0;
3390       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &young_plab_size, 1);
3391       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3392         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3393                     "Invalid young PLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3394         describe_range_error(errcode);
3395         return JNI_EINVAL;
3396       }
3397       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, YoungPLABSize, young_plab_size);
3398       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3399                   "Please use -XX:YoungPLABSize in place of "
3400                   "-XX:ParallelGCToSpaceAllocBufferSize in the future\n");
3401     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSMarkStackSize=", &tail) ||
3402                match_option(option, "-XX:G1MarkStackSize=", &tail)) {
3403       julong stack_size = 0;
3404       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &stack_size, 1);
3405       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3406         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3407                     "Invalid mark stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3408         describe_range_error(errcode);
3409         return JNI_EINVAL;
3410       }
3411       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MarkStackSize, stack_size);
3412     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSMarkStackSizeMax=", &tail)) {
3413       julong max_stack_size = 0;
3414       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &max_stack_size, 1);
3415       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3416         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3417                     "Invalid maximum mark stack size: %s\n",
3418                     option->optionString);
3419         describe_range_error(errcode);
3420         return JNI_EINVAL;
3421       }
3422       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MarkStackSizeMax, max_stack_size);
3423     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelMarkingThreads=", &tail) ||
3424                match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelCMSThreads=", &tail)) {
3425       uintx conc_threads = 0;
3426       if (!parse_uintx(tail, &conc_threads, 1)) {
3427         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3428                     "Invalid concurrent threads: %s\n", option->optionString);
3429         return JNI_EINVAL;
3430       }
3431       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ConcGCThreads, conc_threads);
3432     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=", &tail)) {
3433       julong max_direct_memory_size = 0;
3434       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &max_direct_memory_size, 0);
3435       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3436         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3437                     "Invalid maximum direct memory size: %s\n",
3438                     option->optionString);
3439         describe_range_error(errcode);
3440         return JNI_EINVAL;
3441       }
3442       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxDirectMemorySize, max_direct_memory_size);
3443 #if !INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3444     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ManagementServer", &tail)) {
3445         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3446           "ManagementServer is not supported in this VM.\n");
3447         return JNI_ERR;
3448 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3449     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
3450       // Skip -XX:Flags= since that case has already been handled
3451       if (strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) {
3452         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
3453           return JNI_EINVAL;
3454         }
3455       }
3456     // Unknown option
3457     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3458       return JNI_ERR;
3459     }
3460   }
3461 
3462   // PrintSharedArchiveAndExit will turn on
3463   //   -Xshare:on
3464   //   -XX:+TraceClassPaths
3465   if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
3466     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
3467     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true);
3468     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassPaths, true);
3469   }
3470 
3471   // Change the default value for flags  which have different default values
3472   // when working with older JDKs.
3473 #ifdef LINUX
3474  if (JDK_Version::current().compare_major(6) <= 0 &&
3475       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks)) {
3476     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks, false);
3477   }
3478 #endif // LINUX
3479   fix_appclasspath();
3480   return JNI_OK;
3481 }
3482 
3483 // Remove all empty paths from the app classpath (if IgnoreEmptyClassPaths is enabled)
3484 //
3485 // This is necessary because some apps like to specify classpath like -cp foo.jar:${XYZ}:bar.jar
3486 // in their start-up scripts. If XYZ is empty, the classpath will look like "-cp foo.jar::bar.jar".
3487 // Java treats such empty paths as if the user specified "-cp foo.jar:.:bar.jar". I.e., an empty
3488 // path is treated as the current directory.
3489 //
3490 // This causes problems with CDS, which requires that all directories specified in the classpath
3491 // must be empty. In most cases, applications do NOT want to load classes from the current
3492 // directory anyway. Adding -XX:+IgnoreEmptyClassPaths will make these applications' start-up
3493 // scripts compatible with CDS.
3494 void Arguments::fix_appclasspath() {
3495   if (IgnoreEmptyClassPaths) {
3496     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3497     const char* src = _java_class_path->value();
3498 
3499     // skip over all the leading empty paths
3500     while (*src == separator) {
3501       src ++;
3502     }
3503 
3504     char* copy = AllocateHeap(strlen(src) + 1, mtInternal);
3505     strncpy(copy, src, strlen(src) + 1);
3506 
3507     // trim all trailing empty paths
3508     for (char* tail = copy + strlen(copy) - 1; tail >= copy && *tail == separator; tail--) {
3509       *tail = '\0';
3510     }
3511 
3512     char from[3] = {separator, separator, '\0'};
3513     char to  [2] = {separator, '\0'};
3514     while (StringUtils::replace_no_expand(copy, from, to) > 0) {
3515       // Keep replacing "::" -> ":" until we have no more "::" (non-windows)
3516       // Keep replacing ";;" -> ";" until we have no more ";;" (windows)
3517     }
3518 
3519     _java_class_path->set_value(copy);
3520     FreeHeap(copy); // a copy was made by set_value, so don't need this anymore
3521   }
3522 
3523   if (!PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
3524     ClassLoader::trace_class_path("[classpath: ", _java_class_path->value());
3525   }
3526 }
3527 
3528 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool scp_assembly_required) {
3529   // This must be done after all -D arguments have been processed.
3530   scp_p->expand_endorsed();
3531 
3532   if (scp_assembly_required || scp_p->get_endorsed() != NULL) {
3533     // Assemble the bootclasspath elements into the final path.
3534     Arguments::set_sysclasspath(scp_p->combined_path());
3535   }
3536 
3537   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed.
3538   // java_compiler() true means set to "NONE" or empty.
3539   if (java_compiler() && !xdebug_mode()) {
3540     // For backwards compatibility, we switch to interpreted mode if
3541     // -Djava.compiler="NONE" or "" is specified AND "-Xdebug" was
3542     // not specified.
3543     set_mode_flags(_int);
3544   }
3545 
3546   if ((TieredCompilation && CompileThresholdScaling == 0)
3547       || (!TieredCompilation && get_scaled_compile_threshold(CompileThreshold) == 0)) {
3548     set_mode_flags(_int);
3549   }
3550 
3551   // eventually fix up InitialTenuringThreshold if only MaxTenuringThreshold is set
3552   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialTenuringThreshold) && (InitialTenuringThreshold > MaxTenuringThreshold)) {
3553     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialTenuringThreshold, MaxTenuringThreshold);
3554   }
3555 
3556 #ifndef COMPILER2
3557   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
3558   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
3559       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
3560     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
3561     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
3562     // Java heap and the code cache.
3563     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
3564   }
3565 
3566 #else
3567   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OptoLoopAlignment) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad)) {
3568     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad, OptoLoopAlignment-1);
3569   }
3570 #endif
3571 
3572 #ifndef TIERED
3573   // Tiered compilation is undefined.
3574   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TieredCompilation, "TieredCompilation");
3575 #endif
3576 
3577   // If we are running in a headless jre, force java.awt.headless property
3578   // to be true unless the property has already been set.
3579   // Also allow the OS environment variable JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS to set headless state.
3580   if (os::is_headless_jre()) {
3581     const char* headless = Arguments::get_property("java.awt.headless");
3582     if (headless == NULL) {
3583       char envbuffer[128];
3584       if (!os::getenv("JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS", envbuffer, sizeof(envbuffer))) {
3585         if (!add_property("java.awt.headless=true")) {
3586           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3587         }
3588       } else {
3589         char buffer[256];
3590         strcpy(buffer, "java.awt.headless=");
3591         strcat(buffer, envbuffer);
3592         if (!add_property(buffer)) {
3593           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3594         }
3595       }
3596     }
3597   }
3598 
3599   if (!ArgumentsExt::check_vm_args_consistency()) {
3600     return JNI_ERR;
3601   }
3602 
3603   return JNI_OK;
3604 }
3605 
3606 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
3607   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", scp_p,
3608                                             scp_assembly_required_p);
3609 }
3610 
3611 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
3612   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", scp_p,
3613                                             scp_assembly_required_p);
3614 }
3615 
3616 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name, SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
3617   const int N_MAX_OPTIONS = 64;
3618   const int OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
3619   char buffer[OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE];
3620 
3621   // The variable will be ignored if it exceeds the length of the buffer.
3622   // Don't check this variable if user has special privileges
3623   // (e.g. unix su command).
3624   if (os::getenv(name, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) &&
3625       !os::have_special_privileges()) {
3626     JavaVMOption options[N_MAX_OPTIONS];      // Construct option array
3627     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3628                 "Picked up %s: %s\n", name, buffer);
3629     char* rd = buffer;                        // pointer to the input string (rd)
3630     int i;
3631     for (i = 0; i < N_MAX_OPTIONS;) {         // repeat for all options in the input string
3632       while (isspace(*rd)) rd++;              // skip whitespace
3633       if (*rd == 0) break;                    // we re done when the input string is read completely
3634 
3635       // The output, option string, overwrites the input string.
3636       // Because of quoting, the pointer to the option string (wrt) may lag the pointer to
3637       // input string (rd).
3638       char* wrt = rd;
3639 
3640       options[i++].optionString = wrt;        // Fill in option
3641       while (*rd != 0 && !isspace(*rd)) {     // unquoted strings terminate with a space or NULL
3642         if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
3643           int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
3644           rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
3645           while (*rd != quote) {              // include everything (even spaces) up until quote
3646             if (*rd == 0) {                   // string termination means unmatched string
3647               jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3648                           "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
3649               return JNI_ERR;
3650             }
3651             *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
3652           }
3653           rd++;                               // don't copy close quote
3654         } else {
3655           *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
3656         }
3657       }
3658       // Need to check if we're done before writing a NULL,
3659       // because the write could be to the byte that rd is pointing to.
3660       if (*rd++ == 0) {
3661         *wrt = 0;
3662         break;
3663       }
3664       *wrt = 0;                               // Zero terminate option
3665     }
3666     // Construct JavaVMInitArgs structure and parse as if it was part of the command line
3667     JavaVMInitArgs vm_args;
3668     vm_args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
3669     vm_args.options = options;
3670     vm_args.nOptions = i;
3671     vm_args.ignoreUnrecognized = IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions;
3672 
3673     if (PrintVMOptions) {
3674       const char* tail;
3675       for (int i = 0; i < vm_args.nOptions; i++) {
3676         const JavaVMOption *option = vm_args.options + i;
3677         if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3678           logOption(tail);
3679         }
3680       }
3681     }
3682 
3683     return(parse_each_vm_init_arg(&vm_args, scp_p, scp_assembly_required_p, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR));
3684   }
3685   return JNI_OK;
3686 }
3687 
3688 void Arguments::set_shared_spaces_flags() {
3689   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3690     if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
3691       warning("cannot dump shared archive while using shared archive");
3692     }
3693     UseSharedSpaces = false;
3694 #ifdef _LP64
3695     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3696       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3697         "Cannot dump shared archive when UseCompressedOops or UseCompressedClassPointers is off.", NULL);
3698     }
3699   } else {
3700     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3701       no_shared_spaces("UseCompressedOops and UseCompressedClassPointers must be on for UseSharedSpaces.");
3702     }
3703 #endif
3704   }
3705 }
3706 
3707 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3708 static void force_serial_gc() {
3709   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSerialGC, true);
3710   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CMSIncrementalMode, false);  // special CMS suboption
3711   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseG1GC);
3712   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParallelGC);
3713   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParallelOldGC);
3714   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseConcMarkSweepGC);
3715   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParNewGC);
3716 }
3717 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3718 
3719 // Sharing support
3720 // Construct the path to the archive
3721 static char* get_shared_archive_path() {
3722   char *shared_archive_path;
3723   if (SharedArchiveFile == NULL) {
3724     char jvm_path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3725     os::jvm_path(jvm_path, sizeof(jvm_path));
3726     char *end = strrchr(jvm_path, *os::file_separator());
3727     if (end != NULL) *end = '\0';
3728     size_t jvm_path_len = strlen(jvm_path);
3729     size_t file_sep_len = strlen(os::file_separator());
3730     shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, jvm_path_len +
3731         file_sep_len + 20, mtInternal);
3732     if (shared_archive_path != NULL) {
3733       strncpy(shared_archive_path, jvm_path, jvm_path_len + 1);
3734       strncat(shared_archive_path, os::file_separator(), file_sep_len);
3735       strncat(shared_archive_path, "classes.jsa", 11);
3736     }
3737   } else {
3738     shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(SharedArchiveFile) + 1, mtInternal);
3739     if (shared_archive_path != NULL) {
3740       strncpy(shared_archive_path, SharedArchiveFile, strlen(SharedArchiveFile) + 1);
3741     }
3742   }
3743   return shared_archive_path;
3744 }
3745 
3746 #ifndef PRODUCT
3747 // Determine whether LogVMOutput should be implicitly turned on.
3748 static bool use_vm_log() {
3749   if (LogCompilation || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogFile) ||
3750       PrintCompilation || PrintInlining || PrintDependencies || PrintNativeNMethods ||
3751       PrintDebugInfo || PrintRelocations || PrintNMethods || PrintExceptionHandlers ||
3752       PrintAssembly || TraceDeoptimization || TraceDependencies ||
3753       (VerifyDependencies && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(VerifyDependencies))) {
3754     return true;
3755   }
3756 
3757 #ifdef COMPILER1
3758   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
3759     return true;
3760   }
3761 #endif // COMPILER1
3762 
3763 #ifdef COMPILER2
3764   if (PrintOptoAssembly || PrintOptoStatistics) {
3765     return true;
3766   }
3767 #endif // COMPILER2
3768 
3769   return false;
3770 }
3771 #endif // PRODUCT
3772 
3773 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
3774 
3775 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
3776 
3777   // Remaining part of option string
3778   const char* tail;
3779 
3780   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
3781   const char* hotspotrc = ".hotspotrc";
3782   bool settings_file_specified = false;
3783   bool needs_hotspotrc_warning = false;
3784 
3785   const char* flags_file;
3786   int index;
3787   for (index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3788     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3789     if (ArgumentsExt::process_options(option)) {
3790       continue;
3791     }
3792     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
3793       flags_file = tail;
3794       settings_file_specified = true;
3795       continue;
3796     }
3797     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions", &tail)) {
3798       PrintVMOptions = true;
3799       continue;
3800     }
3801     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintVMOptions", &tail)) {
3802       PrintVMOptions = false;
3803       continue;
3804     }
3805     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", &tail)) {
3806       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = true;
3807       continue;
3808     }
3809     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", &tail)) {
3810       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false;
3811       continue;
3812     }
3813     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial", &tail)) {
3814       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
3815       vm_exit(0);
3816     }
3817 #if INCLUDE_NMT
3818     if (match_option(option, "-XX:NativeMemoryTracking", &tail)) {
3819       // The launcher did not setup nmt environment variable properly.
3820       if (!MemTracker::check_launcher_nmt_support(tail)) {
3821         warning("Native Memory Tracking did not setup properly, using wrong launcher?");
3822       }
3823 
3824       // Verify if nmt option is valid.
3825       if (MemTracker::verify_nmt_option()) {
3826         // Late initialization, still in single-threaded mode.
3827         if (MemTracker::tracking_level() >= NMT_summary) {
3828           MemTracker::init();
3829         }
3830       } else {
3831         vm_exit_during_initialization("Syntax error, expecting -XX:NativeMemoryTracking=[off|summary|detail]", NULL);
3832       }
3833       continue;
3834     }
3835 #endif
3836 
3837 
3838 #ifndef PRODUCT
3839     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsWithComments", &tail)) {
3840       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, true);
3841       vm_exit(0);
3842     }
3843 #endif
3844   }
3845 
3846   if (IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions) {
3847     // uncast const to modify the flag args->ignoreUnrecognized
3848     *(jboolean*)(&args->ignoreUnrecognized) = true;
3849   }
3850 
3851   // Parse specified settings file
3852   if (settings_file_specified) {
3853     if (!process_settings_file(flags_file, true, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3854       return JNI_EINVAL;
3855     }
3856   } else {
3857 #ifdef ASSERT
3858     // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
3859     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3860       return JNI_EINVAL;
3861     }
3862 #else
3863     struct stat buf;
3864     if (os::stat(hotspotrc, &buf) == 0) {
3865       needs_hotspotrc_warning = true;
3866     }
3867 #endif
3868   }
3869 
3870   if (PrintVMOptions) {
3871     for (index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3872       const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3873       if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3874         logOption(tail);
3875       }
3876     }
3877   }
3878 
3879   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
3880   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(args);
3881   if (result != JNI_OK) {
3882     return result;
3883   }
3884 
3885   // Call get_shared_archive_path() here, after possible SharedArchiveFile option got parsed.
3886   SharedArchivePath = get_shared_archive_path();
3887   if (SharedArchivePath == NULL) {
3888     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3889   }
3890 
3891   // Set up VerifySharedSpaces
3892   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(VerifySharedSpaces) && SharedArchiveFile != NULL) {
3893     VerifySharedSpaces = true;
3894   }
3895 
3896   // Delay warning until here so that we've had a chance to process
3897   // the -XX:-PrintWarnings flag
3898   if (needs_hotspotrc_warning) {
3899     warning("%s file is present but has been ignored.  "
3900             "Run with -XX:Flags=%s to load the file.",
3901             hotspotrc, hotspotrc);
3902   }
3903 
3904 #ifdef _ALLBSD_SOURCE  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD.
3905   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseLargePages, "-XX:+UseLargePages");
3906 #endif
3907 
3908 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3909   #if (defined JAVASE_EMBEDDED || defined ARM)
3910     UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseG1GC, "G1 GC");
3911   #endif
3912 #endif
3913 
3914 #ifndef PRODUCT
3915   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
3916     TraceBytecodes = true;
3917   }
3918   if (CountCompiledCalls) {
3919     if (UseCounterDecay) {
3920       warning("UseCounterDecay disabled because CountCalls is set");
3921       UseCounterDecay = false;
3922     }
3923   }
3924 #endif // PRODUCT
3925 
3926   if (ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
3927     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
3928       warning("forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero");
3929     }
3930     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
3931   }
3932 
3933   if (PrintGCDetails) {
3934     // Turn on -verbose:gc options as well
3935     PrintGC = true;
3936   }
3937 
3938   // Set object alignment values.
3939   set_object_alignment();
3940 
3941 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3942   force_serial_gc();
3943 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3944 #if !INCLUDE_CDS
3945   if (DumpSharedSpaces || RequireSharedSpaces) {
3946     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3947       "Shared spaces are not supported in this VM\n");
3948     return JNI_ERR;
3949   }
3950   if ((UseSharedSpaces && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseSharedSpaces)) || PrintSharedSpaces) {
3951     warning("Shared spaces are not supported in this VM");
3952     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
3953     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(PrintSharedSpaces, false);
3954   }
3955   no_shared_spaces("CDS Disabled");
3956 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
3957 
3958   return JNI_OK;
3959 }
3960 
3961 jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
3962 
3963   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
3964   set_ergonomics_flags();
3965 
3966   set_shared_spaces_flags();
3967 
3968   // Check the GC selections again.
3969   if (!ArgumentsExt::check_gc_consistency_ergo()) {
3970     return JNI_EINVAL;
3971   }
3972 
3973   if (TieredCompilation) {
3974     set_tiered_flags();
3975   } else {
3976     // Check if the policy is valid. Policies 0 and 1 are valid for non-tiered setup.
3977     if (CompilationPolicyChoice >= 2) {
3978       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3979         "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
3980     }
3981     // Scale CompileThreshold
3982     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling)) {
3983       FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, CompileThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(CompileThreshold));
3984     }
3985   }
3986 
3987 #ifdef COMPILER2
3988 #ifndef PRODUCT
3989   if (PrintIdealGraphLevel > 0) {
3990     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, PrintIdealGraph, true);
3991   }
3992 #endif
3993 #endif
3994 
3995   // Set NmethodSweepFraction after the size of the code cache is adapted (in case of tiered)
3996   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NmethodSweepFraction)) {
3997     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(NmethodSweepFraction, 1 + ReservedCodeCacheSize / (16 * M));
3998   }
3999 
4000 
4001   // Set heap size based on available physical memory
4002   set_heap_size();
4003 
4004   set_gc_specific_flags();
4005 
4006   // Initialize Metaspace flags and alignments
4007   Metaspace::ergo_initialize();
4008 
4009   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
4010   set_bytecode_flags();
4011 
4012   // Set flags if Aggressive optimization flags (-XX:+AggressiveOpts) enabled
4013   set_aggressive_opts_flags();
4014 
4015   // Turn off biased locking for locking debug mode flags,
4016   // which are subtly different from each other but neither works with
4017   // biased locking
4018   if (UseHeavyMonitors
4019 #ifdef COMPILER1
4020       || !UseFastLocking
4021 #endif // COMPILER1
4022     ) {
4023     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking) && UseBiasedLocking) {
4024       // flag set to true on command line; warn the user that they
4025       // can't enable biased locking here
4026       warning("Biased Locking is not supported with locking debug flags"
4027               "; ignoring UseBiasedLocking flag." );
4028     }
4029     UseBiasedLocking = false;
4030   }
4031 
4032 #ifdef ZERO
4033   // Clear flags not supported on zero.
4034   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ProfileInterpreter, false);
4035   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking, false);
4036   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false));
4037   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false));
4038 #endif // CC_INTERP
4039 
4040 #ifdef COMPILER2
4041   if (!EliminateLocks) {
4042     EliminateNestedLocks = false;
4043   }
4044   if (!Inline) {
4045     IncrementalInline = false;
4046   }
4047 #ifndef PRODUCT
4048   if (!IncrementalInline) {
4049     AlwaysIncrementalInline = false;
4050   }
4051 #endif
4052   if (!UseTypeSpeculation && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel)) {
4053     // nothing to use the profiling, turn if off
4054     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel, 0);
4055   }
4056 #endif
4057 
4058   if (PrintAssembly && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DebugNonSafepoints)) {
4059     warning("PrintAssembly is enabled; turning on DebugNonSafepoints to gain additional output");
4060     DebugNonSafepoints = true;
4061   }
4062 
4063   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CompressedClassSpaceSize) && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
4064     warning("Setting CompressedClassSpaceSize has no effect when compressed class pointers are not used");
4065   }
4066 
4067 #ifndef PRODUCT
4068   if (CompileTheWorld) {
4069     // Force NmethodSweeper to sweep whole CodeCache each time.
4070     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NmethodSweepFraction)) {
4071       NmethodSweepFraction = 1;
4072     }
4073   }
4074 
4075   if (!LogVMOutput && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogVMOutput)) {
4076     if (use_vm_log()) {
4077       LogVMOutput = true;
4078     }
4079   }
4080 #endif // PRODUCT
4081 
4082   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
4083     CommandLineFlags::printSetFlags(tty);
4084   }
4085 
4086   // Apply CPU specific policy for the BiasedLocking
4087   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
4088     if (!VM_Version::use_biased_locking() &&
4089         !(FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseBiasedLocking))) {
4090       UseBiasedLocking = false;
4091     }
4092   }
4093 #ifdef COMPILER2
4094   if (!UseBiasedLocking || EmitSync != 0) {
4095     UseOptoBiasInlining = false;
4096   }
4097 #endif
4098 
4099   return JNI_OK;
4100 }
4101 
4102 jint Arguments::adjust_after_os() {
4103   if (UseNUMA) {
4104     if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
4105       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes)) {
4106          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes, 64*M);
4107       }
4108     }
4109     // UseNUMAInterleaving is set to ON for all collectors and
4110     // platforms when UseNUMA is set to ON. NUMA-aware collectors
4111     // such as the parallel collector for Linux and Solaris will
4112     // interleave old gen and survivor spaces on top of NUMA
4113     // allocation policy for the eden space.
4114     // Non NUMA-aware collectors such as CMS, G1 and Serial-GC on
4115     // all platforms and ParallelGC on Windows will interleave all
4116     // of the heap spaces across NUMA nodes.
4117     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving)) {
4118       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseNUMAInterleaving, true);
4119     }
4120   }
4121   return JNI_OK;
4122 }
4123 
4124 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
4125   int count = 0;
4126   while(pl != NULL) {
4127     count++;
4128     pl = pl->next();
4129   }
4130   return count;
4131 }
4132 
4133 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
4134   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
4135   SystemProperty* prop;
4136   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4137     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
4138   }
4139   return NULL;
4140 }
4141 
4142 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_key_at(SystemProperty *pl, int index) {
4143   int count = 0;
4144   const char* ret_val = NULL;
4145 
4146   while(pl != NULL) {
4147     if(count >= index) {
4148       ret_val = pl->key();
4149       break;
4150     }
4151     count++;
4152     pl = pl->next();
4153   }
4154 
4155   return ret_val;
4156 }
4157 
4158 char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value_at(SystemProperty* pl, int index) {
4159   int count = 0;
4160   char* ret_val = NULL;
4161 
4162   while(pl != NULL) {
4163     if(count >= index) {
4164       ret_val = pl->value();
4165       break;
4166     }
4167     count++;
4168     pl = pl->next();
4169   }
4170 
4171   return ret_val;
4172 }
4173 
4174 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
4175   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
4176   if (p == NULL) {
4177     *plist = new_p;
4178   } else {
4179     while (p->next() != NULL) {
4180       p = p->next();
4181     }
4182     p->set_next(new_p);
4183   }
4184 }
4185 
4186 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v) {
4187   if (plist == NULL)
4188     return;
4189 
4190   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, true);
4191   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
4192 }
4193 
4194 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
4195 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v, jboolean append) {
4196   if (plist == NULL)
4197     return;
4198 
4199   // If property key exist then update with new value.
4200   SystemProperty* prop;
4201   for (prop = *plist; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4202     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
4203       if (append) {
4204         prop->append_value(v);
4205       } else {
4206         prop->set_value(v);
4207       }
4208       return;
4209     }
4210   }
4211 
4212   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v);
4213 }
4214 
4215 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
4216 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
4217 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
4218 // Notes:
4219 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
4220 // NULL terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
4221 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
4222 // expanded one.
4223 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
4224 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
4225                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
4226   const char* p = src;
4227   char* b = buf;
4228   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
4229   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
4230 
4231   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
4232     if (*p == '%') {
4233       switch (*(++p)) {
4234       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
4235         *b++ = *p++;
4236         break;
4237       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
4238         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
4239         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
4240         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
4241         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
4242 
4243         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
4244         // the expanded pid, returns false.
4245         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
4246           return false;
4247         } else {
4248           b += ret;
4249           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
4250           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
4251             // reach the end of the buffer.
4252             return true;
4253           }
4254         }
4255         p++;
4256         break;
4257       }
4258       default :
4259         *b++ = '%';
4260       }
4261     } else {
4262       *b++ = *p++;
4263     }
4264   }
4265   *b = '\0';
4266   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
4267 }