1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1998, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "compiler/compileBroker.hpp"
  27 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
  28 #include "jfr/jfrEvents.hpp"
  29 #include "jfr/support/jfrThreadId.hpp"
  30 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  31 #include "logging/logConfiguration.hpp"
  32 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  33 #include "oops/method.hpp"
  34 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  35 #include "oops/verifyOopClosure.hpp"
  36 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
  37 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
  38 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  39 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
  40 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
  41 #include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
  42 #include "runtime/vm_operations.hpp"
  43 #include "services/runtimeService.hpp"
  44 #include "utilities/dtrace.hpp"
  45 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
  46 #include "utilities/vmError.hpp"
  47 #include "utilities/xmlstream.hpp"
  48 
  49 // Dummy VM operation to act as first element in our circular double-linked list
  50 class VM_None: public VM_Operation {
  51   VMOp_Type type() const { return VMOp_None; }
  52   void  doit() {};
  53 };
  54 
  55 VMOperationQueue::VMOperationQueue() {
  56   // The queue is a circular doubled-linked list, which always contains
  57   // one element (i.e., one element means empty).
  58   for(int i = 0; i < nof_priorities; i++) {
  59     _queue_length[i] = 0;
  60     _queue_counter = 0;
  61     _queue[i] = new VM_None();
  62     _queue[i]->set_next(_queue[i]);
  63     _queue[i]->set_prev(_queue[i]);
  64   }
  65   _drain_list = NULL;
  66 }
  67 
  68 
  69 bool VMOperationQueue::queue_empty(int prio) {
  70   // It is empty if there is exactly one element
  71   bool empty = (_queue[prio] == _queue[prio]->next());
  72   assert( (_queue_length[prio] == 0 && empty) ||
  73           (_queue_length[prio] > 0  && !empty), "sanity check");
  74   return _queue_length[prio] == 0;
  75 }
  76 
  77 // Inserts an element to the right of the q element
  78 void VMOperationQueue::insert(VM_Operation* q, VM_Operation* n) {
  79   assert(q->next()->prev() == q && q->prev()->next() == q, "sanity check");
  80   n->set_prev(q);
  81   n->set_next(q->next());
  82   q->next()->set_prev(n);
  83   q->set_next(n);
  84 }
  85 
  86 void VMOperationQueue::queue_add_front(int prio, VM_Operation *op) {
  87   _queue_length[prio]++;
  88   insert(_queue[prio]->next(), op);
  89 }
  90 
  91 void VMOperationQueue::queue_add_back(int prio, VM_Operation *op) {
  92   _queue_length[prio]++;
  93   insert(_queue[prio]->prev(), op);
  94 }
  95 
  96 
  97 void VMOperationQueue::unlink(VM_Operation* q) {
  98   assert(q->next()->prev() == q && q->prev()->next() == q, "sanity check");
  99   q->prev()->set_next(q->next());
 100   q->next()->set_prev(q->prev());
 101 }
 102 
 103 VM_Operation* VMOperationQueue::queue_remove_front(int prio) {
 104   if (queue_empty(prio)) return NULL;
 105   assert(_queue_length[prio] >= 0, "sanity check");
 106   _queue_length[prio]--;
 107   VM_Operation* r = _queue[prio]->next();
 108   assert(r != _queue[prio], "cannot remove base element");
 109   unlink(r);
 110   return r;
 111 }
 112 
 113 VM_Operation* VMOperationQueue::queue_drain(int prio) {
 114   if (queue_empty(prio)) return NULL;
 115   DEBUG_ONLY(int length = _queue_length[prio];);
 116   assert(length >= 0, "sanity check");
 117   _queue_length[prio] = 0;
 118   VM_Operation* r = _queue[prio]->next();
 119   assert(r != _queue[prio], "cannot remove base element");
 120   // remove links to base element from head and tail
 121   r->set_prev(NULL);
 122   _queue[prio]->prev()->set_next(NULL);
 123   // restore queue to empty state
 124   _queue[prio]->set_next(_queue[prio]);
 125   _queue[prio]->set_prev(_queue[prio]);
 126   assert(queue_empty(prio), "drain corrupted queue");
 127 #ifdef ASSERT
 128   int len = 0;
 129   VM_Operation* cur;
 130   for(cur = r; cur != NULL; cur=cur->next()) len++;
 131   assert(len == length, "drain lost some ops");
 132 #endif
 133   return r;
 134 }
 135 
 136 void VMOperationQueue::queue_oops_do(int queue, OopClosure* f) {
 137   VM_Operation* cur = _queue[queue];
 138   cur = cur->next();
 139   while (cur != _queue[queue]) {
 140     cur->oops_do(f);
 141     cur = cur->next();
 142   }
 143 }
 144 
 145 void VMOperationQueue::drain_list_oops_do(OopClosure* f) {
 146   VM_Operation* cur = _drain_list;
 147   while (cur != NULL) {
 148     cur->oops_do(f);
 149     cur = cur->next();
 150   }
 151 }
 152 
 153 //-----------------------------------------------------------------
 154 // High-level interface
 155 bool VMOperationQueue::add(VM_Operation *op) {
 156 
 157   HOTSPOT_VMOPS_REQUEST(
 158                    (char *) op->name(), strlen(op->name()),
 159                    op->evaluation_mode());
 160 
 161   // Encapsulates VM queue policy. Currently, that
 162   // only involves putting them on the right list
 163   if (op->evaluate_at_safepoint()) {
 164     queue_add_back(SafepointPriority, op);
 165     return true;
 166   }
 167 
 168   queue_add_back(MediumPriority, op);
 169   return true;
 170 }
 171 
 172 VM_Operation* VMOperationQueue::remove_next() {
 173   // Assuming VMOperation queue is two-level priority queue. If there are
 174   // more than two priorities, we need a different scheduling algorithm.
 175   assert(SafepointPriority == 0 && MediumPriority == 1 && nof_priorities == 2,
 176          "current algorithm does not work");
 177 
 178   // simple counter based scheduling to prevent starvation of lower priority
 179   // queue. -- see 4390175
 180   int high_prio, low_prio;
 181   if (_queue_counter++ < 10) {
 182       high_prio = SafepointPriority;
 183       low_prio  = MediumPriority;
 184   } else {
 185       _queue_counter = 0;
 186       high_prio = MediumPriority;
 187       low_prio  = SafepointPriority;
 188   }
 189 
 190   return queue_remove_front(queue_empty(high_prio) ? low_prio : high_prio);
 191 }
 192 
 193 void VMOperationQueue::oops_do(OopClosure* f) {
 194   for(int i = 0; i < nof_priorities; i++) {
 195     queue_oops_do(i, f);
 196   }
 197   drain_list_oops_do(f);
 198 }
 199 
 200 
 201 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 202 // Implementation of VMThread stuff
 203 
 204 bool                VMThread::_should_terminate   = false;
 205 bool              VMThread::_terminated         = false;
 206 Monitor*          VMThread::_terminate_lock     = NULL;
 207 VMThread*         VMThread::_vm_thread          = NULL;
 208 VM_Operation*     VMThread::_cur_vm_operation   = NULL;
 209 VMOperationQueue* VMThread::_vm_queue           = NULL;
 210 PerfCounter*      VMThread::_perf_accumulated_vm_operation_time = NULL;
 211 const char*       VMThread::_no_op_reason       = NULL;
 212 
 213 
 214 void VMThread::create() {
 215   assert(vm_thread() == NULL, "we can only allocate one VMThread");
 216   _vm_thread = new VMThread();
 217 
 218   // Create VM operation queue
 219   _vm_queue = new VMOperationQueue();
 220   guarantee(_vm_queue != NULL, "just checking");
 221 
 222   _terminate_lock = new Monitor(Mutex::safepoint, "VMThread::_terminate_lock", true,
 223                                 Monitor::_safepoint_check_never);
 224 
 225   if (UsePerfData) {
 226     // jvmstat performance counters
 227     Thread* THREAD = Thread::current();
 228     _perf_accumulated_vm_operation_time =
 229                  PerfDataManager::create_counter(SUN_THREADS, "vmOperationTime",
 230                                                  PerfData::U_Ticks, CHECK);
 231   }
 232 }
 233 
 234 VMThread::VMThread() : NamedThread() {
 235   set_name("VM Thread");
 236 }
 237 
 238 void VMThread::destroy() {
 239   _vm_thread = NULL;      // VM thread is gone
 240 }
 241 
 242 void VMThread::run() {
 243   assert(this == vm_thread(), "check");
 244 
 245   this->initialize_named_thread();
 246   this->record_stack_base_and_size();
 247   // Notify_lock wait checks on active_handles() to rewait in
 248   // case of spurious wakeup, it should wait on the last
 249   // value set prior to the notify
 250   this->set_active_handles(JNIHandleBlock::allocate_block());
 251 
 252   {
 253     MutexLocker ml(Notify_lock);
 254     Notify_lock->notify();
 255   }
 256   // Notify_lock is destroyed by Threads::create_vm()
 257 
 258   int prio = (VMThreadPriority == -1)
 259     ? os::java_to_os_priority[NearMaxPriority]
 260     : VMThreadPriority;
 261   // Note that I cannot call os::set_priority because it expects Java
 262   // priorities and I am *explicitly* using OS priorities so that it's
 263   // possible to set the VM thread priority higher than any Java thread.
 264   os::set_native_priority( this, prio );
 265 
 266   // Wait for VM_Operations until termination
 267   this->loop();
 268 
 269   // Note the intention to exit before safepointing.
 270   // 6295565  This has the effect of waiting for any large tty
 271   // outputs to finish.
 272   if (xtty != NULL) {
 273     ttyLocker ttyl;
 274     xtty->begin_elem("destroy_vm");
 275     xtty->stamp();
 276     xtty->end_elem();
 277     assert(should_terminate(), "termination flag must be set");
 278   }
 279 
 280   // 4526887 let VM thread exit at Safepoint
 281   _no_op_reason = "Halt";
 282   SafepointSynchronize::begin();
 283 
 284   if (VerifyBeforeExit) {
 285     HandleMark hm(VMThread::vm_thread());
 286     // Among other things, this ensures that Eden top is correct.
 287     Universe::heap()->prepare_for_verify();
 288     // Silent verification so as not to pollute normal output,
 289     // unless we really asked for it.
 290     Universe::verify();
 291   }
 292 
 293   CompileBroker::set_should_block();
 294 
 295   // wait for threads (compiler threads or daemon threads) in the
 296   // _thread_in_native state to block.
 297   VM_Exit::wait_for_threads_in_native_to_block();
 298 
 299   // signal other threads that VM process is gone
 300   {
 301     // Note: we must have the _no_safepoint_check_flag. Mutex::lock() allows
 302     // VM thread to enter any lock at Safepoint as long as its _owner is NULL.
 303     // If that happens after _terminate_lock->wait() has unset _owner
 304     // but before it actually drops the lock and waits, the notification below
 305     // may get lost and we will have a hang. To avoid this, we need to use
 306     // Mutex::lock_without_safepoint_check().
 307     MutexLockerEx ml(_terminate_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 308     _terminated = true;
 309     _terminate_lock->notify();
 310   }
 311 
 312   // We are now racing with the VM termination being carried out in
 313   // another thread, so we don't "delete this". Numerous threads don't
 314   // get deleted when the VM terminates
 315 
 316 }
 317 
 318 
 319 // Notify the VMThread that the last non-daemon JavaThread has terminated,
 320 // and wait until operation is performed.
 321 void VMThread::wait_for_vm_thread_exit() {
 322   { MutexLocker mu(VMOperationQueue_lock);
 323     _should_terminate = true;
 324     VMOperationQueue_lock->notify();
 325   }
 326 
 327   // Note: VM thread leaves at Safepoint. We are not stopped by Safepoint
 328   // because this thread has been removed from the threads list. But anything
 329   // that could get blocked by Safepoint should not be used after this point,
 330   // otherwise we will hang, since there is no one can end the safepoint.
 331 
 332   // Wait until VM thread is terminated
 333   // Note: it should be OK to use Terminator_lock here. But this is called
 334   // at a very delicate time (VM shutdown) and we are operating in non- VM
 335   // thread at Safepoint. It's safer to not share lock with other threads.
 336   { MutexLockerEx ml(_terminate_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 337     while(!VMThread::is_terminated()) {
 338         _terminate_lock->wait(Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 339     }
 340   }
 341 }
 342 
 343 static void post_vm_operation_event(EventExecuteVMOperation* event, VM_Operation* op) {
 344   assert(event != NULL, "invariant");
 345   assert(event->should_commit(), "invariant");
 346   assert(op != NULL, "invariant");
 347   const bool is_concurrent = op->evaluate_concurrently();
 348   const bool evaluate_at_safepoint = op->evaluate_at_safepoint();
 349   event->set_operation(op->type());
 350   event->set_safepoint(evaluate_at_safepoint);
 351   event->set_blocking(!is_concurrent);
 352   // Only write caller thread information for non-concurrent vm operations.
 353   // For concurrent vm operations, the thread id is set to 0 indicating thread is unknown.
 354   // This is because the caller thread could have exited already.
 355   event->set_caller(is_concurrent ? 0 : JFR_THREAD_ID(op->calling_thread()));
 356   event->set_safepointId(evaluate_at_safepoint ? SafepointSynchronize::safepoint_counter() : 0);
 357   event->commit();
 358 }
 359 
 360 void VMThread::evaluate_operation(VM_Operation* op) {
 361   ResourceMark rm;
 362 
 363   {
 364     PerfTraceTime vm_op_timer(perf_accumulated_vm_operation_time());
 365     HOTSPOT_VMOPS_BEGIN(
 366                      (char *) op->name(), strlen(op->name()),
 367                      op->evaluation_mode());
 368 
 369     EventExecuteVMOperation event;
 370     op->evaluate();
 371     if (event.should_commit()) {
 372       post_vm_operation_event(&event, op);
 373     }
 374 
 375     HOTSPOT_VMOPS_END(
 376                      (char *) op->name(), strlen(op->name()),
 377                      op->evaluation_mode());
 378   }
 379 
 380   // Last access of info in _cur_vm_operation!
 381   bool c_heap_allocated = op->is_cheap_allocated();
 382 
 383   // Mark as completed
 384   if (!op->evaluate_concurrently()) {
 385     op->calling_thread()->increment_vm_operation_completed_count();
 386   }
 387   // It is unsafe to access the _cur_vm_operation after the 'increment_vm_operation_completed_count' call,
 388   // since if it is stack allocated the calling thread might have deallocated
 389   if (c_heap_allocated) {
 390     delete _cur_vm_operation;
 391   }
 392 }
 393 
 394 bool VMThread::no_op_safepoint_needed(bool check_time) {
 395   if (SafepointALot) {
 396     _no_op_reason = "SafepointALot";
 397     return true;
 398   }
 399   if (!SafepointSynchronize::is_cleanup_needed()) {
 400     return false;
 401   }
 402   if (check_time) {
 403     long interval = SafepointSynchronize::last_non_safepoint_interval();
 404     bool max_time_exceeded = GuaranteedSafepointInterval != 0 &&
 405                              (interval > GuaranteedSafepointInterval);
 406     if (!max_time_exceeded) {
 407       return false;
 408     }
 409   }
 410   _no_op_reason = "Cleanup";
 411   return true;
 412 }
 413 
 414 void VMThread::loop() {
 415   assert(_cur_vm_operation == NULL, "no current one should be executing");
 416 
 417   while(true) {
 418     VM_Operation* safepoint_ops = NULL;
 419     //
 420     // Wait for VM operation
 421     //
 422     // use no_safepoint_check to get lock without attempting to "sneak"
 423     { MutexLockerEx mu_queue(VMOperationQueue_lock,
 424                              Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 425 
 426       // Look for new operation
 427       assert(_cur_vm_operation == NULL, "no current one should be executing");
 428       _cur_vm_operation = _vm_queue->remove_next();
 429 
 430       // Stall time tracking code
 431       if (PrintVMQWaitTime && _cur_vm_operation != NULL &&
 432           !_cur_vm_operation->evaluate_concurrently()) {
 433         long stall = os::javaTimeMillis() - _cur_vm_operation->timestamp();
 434         if (stall > 0)
 435           tty->print_cr("%s stall: %ld",  _cur_vm_operation->name(), stall);
 436       }
 437 
 438       while (!should_terminate() && _cur_vm_operation == NULL) {
 439         // wait with a timeout to guarantee safepoints at regular intervals
 440         bool timedout =
 441           VMOperationQueue_lock->wait(Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag,
 442                                       GuaranteedSafepointInterval);
 443 
 444         // Support for self destruction
 445         if ((SelfDestructTimer != 0) && !VMError::is_error_reported() &&
 446             (os::elapsedTime() > (double)SelfDestructTimer * 60.0)) {
 447           tty->print_cr("VM self-destructed");
 448           exit(-1);
 449         }
 450 
 451         if (timedout && VMThread::no_op_safepoint_needed(false)) {
 452           MutexUnlockerEx mul(VMOperationQueue_lock,
 453                               Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 454           // Force a safepoint since we have not had one for at least
 455           // 'GuaranteedSafepointInterval' milliseconds.  This will run all
 456           // the clean-up processing that needs to be done regularly at a
 457           // safepoint
 458           SafepointSynchronize::begin();
 459           #ifdef ASSERT
 460             if (GCALotAtAllSafepoints) InterfaceSupport::check_gc_alot();
 461           #endif
 462           SafepointSynchronize::end();
 463         }
 464         _cur_vm_operation = _vm_queue->remove_next();
 465 
 466         // If we are at a safepoint we will evaluate all the operations that
 467         // follow that also require a safepoint
 468         if (_cur_vm_operation != NULL &&
 469             _cur_vm_operation->evaluate_at_safepoint()) {
 470           safepoint_ops = _vm_queue->drain_at_safepoint_priority();
 471         }
 472       }
 473 
 474       if (should_terminate()) break;
 475     } // Release mu_queue_lock
 476 
 477     //
 478     // Execute VM operation
 479     //
 480     { HandleMark hm(VMThread::vm_thread());
 481 
 482       EventMark em("Executing VM operation: %s", vm_operation()->name());
 483       assert(_cur_vm_operation != NULL, "we should have found an operation to execute");
 484 
 485       // If we are at a safepoint we will evaluate all the operations that
 486       // follow that also require a safepoint
 487       if (_cur_vm_operation->evaluate_at_safepoint()) {
 488         log_debug(vmthread)("Evaluating safepoint VM operation: %s", _cur_vm_operation->name());
 489 
 490         _vm_queue->set_drain_list(safepoint_ops); // ensure ops can be scanned
 491 
 492         SafepointSynchronize::begin();
 493         evaluate_operation(_cur_vm_operation);
 494         // now process all queued safepoint ops, iteratively draining
 495         // the queue until there are none left
 496         do {
 497           _cur_vm_operation = safepoint_ops;
 498           if (_cur_vm_operation != NULL) {
 499             do {
 500               log_debug(vmthread)("Evaluating coalesced safepoint VM operation: %s", _cur_vm_operation->name());
 501               // evaluate_operation deletes the op object so we have
 502               // to grab the next op now
 503               VM_Operation* next = _cur_vm_operation->next();
 504               _vm_queue->set_drain_list(next);
 505               evaluate_operation(_cur_vm_operation);
 506               _cur_vm_operation = next;
 507               if (log_is_enabled(Debug, safepoint, stats)) {
 508                 SafepointSynchronize::inc_vmop_coalesced_count();
 509               }
 510             } while (_cur_vm_operation != NULL);
 511           }
 512           // There is a chance that a thread enqueued a safepoint op
 513           // since we released the op-queue lock and initiated the safepoint.
 514           // So we drain the queue again if there is anything there, as an
 515           // optimization to try and reduce the number of safepoints.
 516           // As the safepoint synchronizes us with JavaThreads we will see
 517           // any enqueue made by a JavaThread, but the peek will not
 518           // necessarily detect a concurrent enqueue by a GC thread, but
 519           // that simply means the op will wait for the next major cycle of the
 520           // VMThread - just as it would if the GC thread lost the race for
 521           // the lock.
 522           if (_vm_queue->peek_at_safepoint_priority()) {
 523             // must hold lock while draining queue
 524             MutexLockerEx mu_queue(VMOperationQueue_lock,
 525                                      Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 526             safepoint_ops = _vm_queue->drain_at_safepoint_priority();
 527           } else {
 528             safepoint_ops = NULL;
 529           }
 530         } while(safepoint_ops != NULL);
 531 
 532         _vm_queue->set_drain_list(NULL);
 533 
 534         // Complete safepoint synchronization
 535         SafepointSynchronize::end();
 536 
 537       } else {  // not a safepoint operation
 538         log_debug(vmthread)("Evaluating non-safepoint VM operation: %s", _cur_vm_operation->name());
 539         if (TraceLongCompiles) {
 540           elapsedTimer t;
 541           t.start();
 542           evaluate_operation(_cur_vm_operation);
 543           t.stop();
 544           double secs = t.seconds();
 545           if (secs * 1e3 > LongCompileThreshold) {
 546             // XXX - _cur_vm_operation should not be accessed after
 547             // the completed count has been incremented; the waiting
 548             // thread may have already freed this memory.
 549             tty->print_cr("vm %s: %3.7f secs]", _cur_vm_operation->name(), secs);
 550           }
 551         } else {
 552           evaluate_operation(_cur_vm_operation);
 553         }
 554 
 555         _cur_vm_operation = NULL;
 556       }
 557     }
 558 
 559     //
 560     //  Notify (potential) waiting Java thread(s) - lock without safepoint
 561     //  check so that sneaking is not possible
 562     { MutexLockerEx mu(VMOperationRequest_lock,
 563                        Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 564       VMOperationRequest_lock->notify_all();
 565     }
 566 
 567     //
 568     // We want to make sure that we get to a safepoint regularly.
 569     //
 570     if (VMThread::no_op_safepoint_needed(true)) {
 571       HandleMark hm(VMThread::vm_thread());
 572       SafepointSynchronize::begin();
 573       SafepointSynchronize::end();
 574     }
 575   }
 576 }
 577 
 578 // A SkipGCALot object is used to elide the usual effect of gc-a-lot
 579 // over a section of execution by a thread. Currently, it's used only to
 580 // prevent re-entrant calls to GC.
 581 class SkipGCALot : public StackObj {
 582   private:
 583    bool _saved;
 584    Thread* _t;
 585 
 586   public:
 587 #ifdef ASSERT
 588     SkipGCALot(Thread* t) : _t(t) {
 589       _saved = _t->skip_gcalot();
 590       _t->set_skip_gcalot(true);
 591     }
 592 
 593     ~SkipGCALot() {
 594       assert(_t->skip_gcalot(), "Save-restore protocol invariant");
 595       _t->set_skip_gcalot(_saved);
 596     }
 597 #else
 598     SkipGCALot(Thread* t) { }
 599     ~SkipGCALot() { }
 600 #endif
 601 };
 602 
 603 void VMThread::execute(VM_Operation* op) {
 604   Thread* t = Thread::current();
 605 
 606   if (!t->is_VM_thread()) {
 607     SkipGCALot sgcalot(t);    // avoid re-entrant attempts to gc-a-lot
 608     // JavaThread or WatcherThread
 609     bool concurrent = op->evaluate_concurrently();
 610     // only blocking VM operations need to verify the caller's safepoint state:
 611     if (!concurrent) {
 612       t->check_for_valid_safepoint_state(true);
 613     }
 614 
 615     // New request from Java thread, evaluate prologue
 616     if (!op->doit_prologue()) {
 617       return;   // op was cancelled
 618     }
 619 
 620     // Setup VM_operations for execution
 621     op->set_calling_thread(t, Thread::get_priority(t));
 622 
 623     // It does not make sense to execute the epilogue, if the VM operation object is getting
 624     // deallocated by the VM thread.
 625     bool execute_epilog = !op->is_cheap_allocated();
 626     assert(!concurrent || op->is_cheap_allocated(), "concurrent => cheap_allocated");
 627 
 628     // Get ticket number for non-concurrent VM operations
 629     int ticket = 0;
 630     if (!concurrent) {
 631       ticket = t->vm_operation_ticket();
 632     }
 633 
 634     // Add VM operation to list of waiting threads. We are guaranteed not to block while holding the
 635     // VMOperationQueue_lock, so we can block without a safepoint check. This allows vm operation requests
 636     // to be queued up during a safepoint synchronization.
 637     {
 638       VMOperationQueue_lock->lock_without_safepoint_check();
 639       log_debug(vmthread)("Adding VM operation: %s", op->name());
 640       bool ok = _vm_queue->add(op);
 641       op->set_timestamp(os::javaTimeMillis());
 642       VMOperationQueue_lock->notify();
 643       VMOperationQueue_lock->unlock();
 644       // VM_Operation got skipped
 645       if (!ok) {
 646         assert(concurrent, "can only skip concurrent tasks");
 647         if (op->is_cheap_allocated()) delete op;
 648         return;
 649       }
 650     }
 651 
 652     if (!concurrent) {
 653       // Wait for completion of request (non-concurrent)
 654       // Note: only a JavaThread triggers the safepoint check when locking
 655       MutexLocker mu(VMOperationRequest_lock);
 656       while(t->vm_operation_completed_count() < ticket) {
 657         VMOperationRequest_lock->wait(!t->is_Java_thread());
 658       }
 659     }
 660 
 661     if (execute_epilog) {
 662       op->doit_epilogue();
 663     }
 664   } else {
 665     // invoked by VM thread; usually nested VM operation
 666     assert(t->is_VM_thread(), "must be a VM thread");
 667     VM_Operation* prev_vm_operation = vm_operation();
 668     if (prev_vm_operation != NULL) {
 669       // Check the VM operation allows nested VM operation. This normally not the case, e.g., the compiler
 670       // does not allow nested scavenges or compiles.
 671       if (!prev_vm_operation->allow_nested_vm_operations()) {
 672         fatal("Nested VM operation %s requested by operation %s",
 673               op->name(), vm_operation()->name());
 674       }
 675       op->set_calling_thread(prev_vm_operation->calling_thread(), prev_vm_operation->priority());
 676     }
 677 
 678     EventMark em("Executing %s VM operation: %s", prev_vm_operation ? "nested" : "", op->name());
 679 
 680     // Release all internal handles after operation is evaluated
 681     HandleMark hm(t);
 682     _cur_vm_operation = op;
 683 
 684     if (op->evaluate_at_safepoint() && !SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint()) {
 685       SafepointSynchronize::begin();
 686       op->evaluate();
 687       SafepointSynchronize::end();
 688     } else {
 689       op->evaluate();
 690     }
 691 
 692     // Free memory if needed
 693     if (op->is_cheap_allocated()) delete op;
 694 
 695     _cur_vm_operation = prev_vm_operation;
 696   }
 697 }
 698 
 699 
 700 void VMThread::oops_do(OopClosure* f, CodeBlobClosure* cf) {
 701   Thread::oops_do(f, cf);
 702   _vm_queue->oops_do(f);
 703 }
 704 
 705 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 706 #ifndef PRODUCT
 707 
 708 void VMOperationQueue::verify_queue(int prio) {
 709   // Check that list is correctly linked
 710   int length = _queue_length[prio];
 711   VM_Operation *cur = _queue[prio];
 712   int i;
 713 
 714   // Check forward links
 715   for(i = 0; i < length; i++) {
 716     cur = cur->next();
 717     assert(cur != _queue[prio], "list to short (forward)");
 718   }
 719   assert(cur->next() == _queue[prio], "list to long (forward)");
 720 
 721   // Check backwards links
 722   cur = _queue[prio];
 723   for(i = 0; i < length; i++) {
 724     cur = cur->prev();
 725     assert(cur != _queue[prio], "list to short (backwards)");
 726   }
 727   assert(cur->prev() == _queue[prio], "list to long (backwards)");
 728 }
 729 
 730 #endif
 731 
 732 void VMThread::verify() {
 733   oops_do(&VerifyOopClosure::verify_oop, NULL);
 734 }