1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2017 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
   4  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   5  *
   6  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   7  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   8  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   9  *
  10  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  11  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  12  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  13  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  14  * accompanied this code).
  15  *
  16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  17  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  18  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  19  *
  20  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  21  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  22  * questions.
  23  *
  24  */
  25 
  26 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  27 #include "asm/assembler.inline.hpp"
  28 #include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
  29 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
  30 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  31 #include "prims/jvm.h"
  32 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  33 #include "runtime/stubCodeGenerator.hpp"
  34 #include "vm_version_s390.hpp"
  35 
  36 # include <sys/sysinfo.h>
  37 
  38 bool VM_Version::_is_determine_features_test_running  = false;
  39 
  40 unsigned long VM_Version::_features[_features_buffer_len]           = {0, 0, 0, 0};
  41 unsigned long VM_Version::_cipher_features[_features_buffer_len]    = {0, 0, 0, 0};
  42 unsigned long VM_Version::_msgdigest_features[_features_buffer_len] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
  43 unsigned int  VM_Version::_nfeatures                                = 0;
  44 unsigned int  VM_Version::_ncipher_features                         = 0;
  45 unsigned int  VM_Version::_nmsgdigest_features                      = 0;
  46 unsigned int  VM_Version::_Dcache_lineSize                          = 256;
  47 unsigned int  VM_Version::_Icache_lineSize                          = 256;
  48 
  49 static const char* z_gen[]     = {"  ",   "G1",   "G2", "G3",    "G4",     "G5",      "G6",   "G7"   };
  50 static const char* z_machine[] = {"  ", "2064", "2084", "2094",  "2097",   "2817",    "  ",   "2964" };
  51 static const char* z_name[]    = {"  ", "z900", "z990", "z9 EC", "z10 EC", "z196 EC", "ec12", "z13"  };
  52 
  53 void VM_Version::initialize() {
  54   determine_features();      // Get processor capabilities.
  55   set_features_string();     // Set a descriptive feature indication.
  56 
  57   if (Verbose) {
  58     print_features();
  59   }
  60 
  61   intx cache_line_size = Dcache_lineSize(0);
  62 
  63   MaxVectorSize = 8;
  64 
  65   if (has_PrefetchRaw()) {
  66     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStyle)) {  // not preset
  67       // 0 = no prefetch.
  68       // 1 = Prefetch instructions for each allocation.
  69       // 2 = Use TLAB watermark to gate allocation prefetch.
  70       AllocatePrefetchStyle = 1;
  71     }
  72 
  73     if (AllocatePrefetchStyle > 0) {  // Prefetching turned on at all?
  74       // Distance to prefetch ahead of allocation pointer.
  75       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchDistance) || (AllocatePrefetchDistance < 0)) {  // not preset
  76         AllocatePrefetchDistance = 0;
  77       }
  78 
  79       // Number of lines to prefetch ahead of allocation pointer.
  80       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchLines) || (AllocatePrefetchLines <= 0)) {      // not preset
  81         AllocatePrefetchLines = 3;
  82       }
  83 
  84       // Step size in bytes of sequential prefetch instructions.
  85       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStepSize) || (AllocatePrefetchStepSize <= 0)) { // not preset
  86         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStepSize, cache_line_size);
  87       } else if (AllocatePrefetchStepSize < cache_line_size) {
  88         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStepSize, cache_line_size);
  89       } else {
  90         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStepSize, cache_line_size);
  91       }
  92     } else {
  93       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStyle, 0);
  94       AllocatePrefetchDistance = 0;
  95       AllocatePrefetchLines    = 0;
  96       // Can't be zero. Will SIGFPE during constraints checking.
  97       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStepSize, cache_line_size);
  98     }
  99 
 100   } else {
 101     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStyle, 0);
 102     AllocatePrefetchDistance = 0;
 103     AllocatePrefetchLines    = 0;
 104     // Can't be zero. Will SIGFPE during constraints checking.
 105     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStepSize, cache_line_size);
 106   }
 107 
 108   // TODO:
 109   // On z/Architecture, cache line size is significantly large (256 bytes). Do we really need
 110   // to keep contended members that far apart? Performance tests are required.
 111   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ContendedPaddingWidth) && (cache_line_size > ContendedPaddingWidth)) {
 112     ContendedPaddingWidth = cache_line_size;
 113   }
 114 
 115   // On z/Architecture, the CRC32/CRC32C intrinsics are implemented "by hand".
 116   // TODO: Provide implementation based on the vector instructions available from z13.
 117   // Note: The CHECKSUM instruction, which has been there since the very beginning
 118   //       (of z/Architecture), computes "some kind of" a checksum.
 119   //       It has nothing to do with the CRC32 algorithm.
 120   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCRC32Intrinsics)) {
 121     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCRC32Intrinsics, true);
 122   }
 123   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCRC32CIntrinsics)) {
 124     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCRC32CIntrinsics, true);
 125   }
 126 
 127   // TODO: Provide implementation.
 128   if (UseAdler32Intrinsics) {
 129     warning("Adler32Intrinsics not available on this CPU.");
 130     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAdler32Intrinsics, false);
 131   }
 132 
 133   // On z/Architecture, we take UseAES as the general switch to enable/disable the AES intrinsics.
 134   // The specific, and yet to be defined, switches UseAESxxxIntrinsics will then be set
 135   // depending on the actual machine capabilities.
 136   // Explicitly setting them via CmdLine option takes precedence, of course.
 137   // TODO: UseAESIntrinsics must be made keylength specific.
 138   // As of March 2015 and Java8, only AES128 is supported by the Java Cryptographic Extensions.
 139   // Therefore, UseAESIntrinsics is of minimal use at the moment.
 140   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseAES) && has_Crypto_AES()) {
 141     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAES, true);
 142   }
 143   if (UseAES && !has_Crypto_AES()) {
 144     warning("AES instructions are not available on this CPU");
 145     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAES, false);
 146   }
 147   if (UseAES) {
 148     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseAESIntrinsics)) {
 149       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAESIntrinsics, true);
 150     }
 151   }
 152   if (UseAESIntrinsics && !has_Crypto_AES()) {
 153     warning("AES intrinsics are not available on this CPU");
 154     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAESIntrinsics, false);
 155   }
 156   if (UseAESIntrinsics && !UseAES) {
 157     warning("AES intrinsics require UseAES flag to be enabled. Intrinsics will be disabled.");
 158     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAESIntrinsics, false);
 159   }
 160 
 161   // TODO: implement AES/CTR intrinsics
 162   if (UseAESCTRIntrinsics) {
 163     warning("AES/CTR intrinsics are not available on this CPU");
 164     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAESCTRIntrinsics, false);
 165   }
 166 
 167   // TODO: implement GHASH intrinsics
 168   if (UseGHASHIntrinsics) {
 169     warning("GHASH intrinsics are not available on this CPU");
 170     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseGHASHIntrinsics, false);
 171   }
 172 
 173   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseFMA)) {
 174     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseFMA, true);
 175   }
 176 
 177   // On z/Architecture, we take UseSHA as the general switch to enable/disable the SHA intrinsics.
 178   // The specific switches UseSHAxxxIntrinsics will then be set depending on the actual
 179   // machine capabilities.
 180   // Explicitly setting them via CmdLine option takes precedence, of course.
 181   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSHA) && has_Crypto_SHA()) {
 182     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA, true);
 183   }
 184   if (UseSHA && !has_Crypto_SHA()) {
 185     warning("SHA instructions are not available on this CPU");
 186     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA, false);
 187   }
 188   if (UseSHA && has_Crypto_SHA1()) {
 189     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSHA1Intrinsics)) {
 190       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA1Intrinsics, true);
 191     }
 192   } else if (UseSHA1Intrinsics) {
 193     warning("Intrinsics for SHA-1 crypto hash functions not available on this CPU.");
 194     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA1Intrinsics, false);
 195   }
 196   if (UseSHA && has_Crypto_SHA256()) {
 197     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSHA256Intrinsics)) {
 198       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA256Intrinsics, true);
 199     }
 200   } else if (UseSHA256Intrinsics) {
 201     warning("Intrinsics for SHA-224 and SHA-256 crypto hash functions not available on this CPU.");
 202     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA256Intrinsics, false);
 203   }
 204   if (UseSHA && has_Crypto_SHA512()) {
 205     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSHA512Intrinsics)) {
 206       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA512Intrinsics, true);
 207     }
 208   } else if (UseSHA512Intrinsics) {
 209     warning("Intrinsics for SHA-384 and SHA-512 crypto hash functions not available on this CPU.");
 210     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA512Intrinsics, false);
 211   }
 212 
 213   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseMultiplyToLenIntrinsic)) {
 214     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseMultiplyToLenIntrinsic, true);
 215   }
 216   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseMontgomeryMultiplyIntrinsic)) {
 217     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseMontgomeryMultiplyIntrinsic, true);
 218   }
 219   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseMontgomerySquareIntrinsic)) {
 220     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseMontgomerySquareIntrinsic, true);
 221   }
 222   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UsePopCountInstruction)) {
 223     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UsePopCountInstruction, true);
 224   }
 225 
 226   // z/Architecture supports 8-byte compare-exchange operations
 227   // (see Atomic::cmpxchg and StubGenerator::generate_atomic_cmpxchg_ptr)
 228   // and 'atomic long memory ops' (see Unsafe_GetLongVolatile).
 229   _supports_cx8 = true;
 230 
 231   _supports_atomic_getadd4 = VM_Version::has_LoadAndALUAtomicV1();
 232   _supports_atomic_getadd8 = VM_Version::has_LoadAndALUAtomicV1();
 233 
 234   // z/Architecture supports unaligned memory accesses.
 235   // Performance penalty is negligible. An additional tick or so
 236   // is lost if the accessed data spans a cache line boundary.
 237   // Unaligned accesses are not atomic, of course.
 238   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseUnalignedAccesses)) {
 239     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseUnalignedAccesses, true);
 240   }
 241 }
 242 
 243 
 244 void VM_Version::set_features_string() {
 245 
 246   unsigned int ambiguity = 0;
 247   if (is_z13()) {
 248     _features_string = "System z G7-z13  (LDISP_fast, ExtImm, PCrel Load/Store, CmpB, Cond Load/Store, Interlocked Update, TxM, VectorInstr)";
 249     ambiguity++;
 250   }
 251   if (is_ec12()) {
 252     _features_string = "System z G6-EC12 (LDISP_fast, ExtImm, PCrel Load/Store, CmpB, Cond Load/Store, Interlocked Update, TxM)";
 253     ambiguity++;
 254   }
 255   if (is_z196()) {
 256     _features_string = "System z G5-z196 (LDISP_fast, ExtImm, PCrel Load/Store, CmpB, Cond Load/Store, Interlocked Update)";
 257     ambiguity++;
 258   }
 259   if (is_z10()) {
 260     _features_string = "System z G4-z10  (LDISP_fast, ExtImm, PCrel Load/Store, CmpB)";
 261     ambiguity++;
 262   }
 263   if (is_z9()) {
 264     _features_string = "System z G3-z9   (LDISP_fast, ExtImm), out-of-support as of 2016-04-01";
 265     ambiguity++;
 266   }
 267   if (is_z990()) {
 268     _features_string = "System z G2-z990 (LDISP_fast), out-of-support as of 2014-07-01";
 269     ambiguity++;
 270   }
 271   if (is_z900()) {
 272     _features_string = "System z G1-z900 (LDISP), out-of-support as of 2014-07-01";
 273     ambiguity++;
 274   }
 275 
 276   if (ambiguity == 0) {
 277     _features_string = "z/Architecture (unknown generation)";
 278   } else if (ambiguity > 1) {
 279     tty->print_cr("*** WARNING *** Ambiguous z/Architecture detection, ambiguity = %d", ambiguity);
 280     tty->print_cr("                oldest detected generation is %s", _features_string);
 281     _features_string = "z/Architecture (ambiguous detection)";
 282   }
 283 
 284   if (has_Crypto_AES()) {
 285     char buf[256];
 286     assert(strlen(_features_string) + 4 + 3*4 + 1 < sizeof(buf), "increase buffer size");
 287     jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s aes%s%s%s", // String 'aes' must be surrounded by spaces so that jtreg tests recognize it.
 288                  _features_string,
 289                  has_Crypto_AES128() ? " 128" : "",
 290                  has_Crypto_AES192() ? " 192" : "",
 291                  has_Crypto_AES256() ? " 256" : "");
 292     _features_string = os::strdup(buf);
 293   }
 294 
 295   if (has_Crypto_SHA()) {
 296     char buf[256];
 297     assert(strlen(_features_string) + 4 + 2 + 2*4 + 6 + 1 < sizeof(buf), "increase buffer size");
 298     // String 'sha1' etc must be surrounded by spaces so that jtreg tests recognize it.
 299     jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s %s%s%s%s",
 300                  _features_string,
 301                  has_Crypto_SHA1()   ? " sha1"   : "",
 302                  has_Crypto_SHA256() ? " sha256" : "",
 303                  has_Crypto_SHA512() ? " sha512" : "",
 304                  has_Crypto_GHASH()  ? " ghash"  : "");
 305     if (has_Crypto_AES()) { os::free((void *)_features_string); }
 306     _features_string = os::strdup(buf);
 307   }
 308 }
 309 
 310 // featureBuffer - bit array indicating availability of various features
 311 // featureNum    - bit index of feature to be tested
 312 //                 Featurenum < 0 requests test for any nonzero bit in featureBuffer.
 313 // bufLen        - length of featureBuffer in bits
 314 bool VM_Version::test_feature_bit(unsigned long* featureBuffer, int featureNum, unsigned int bufLen) {
 315   assert(bufLen > 0,             "buffer len must be positive");
 316   assert((bufLen & 0x0007) == 0, "unaligned buffer len");
 317   assert(((intptr_t)featureBuffer&0x0007) == 0, "unaligned feature buffer");
 318   if (featureNum < 0) {
 319     // Any bit set at all?
 320     bool anyBit = false;
 321     for (size_t i = 0; i < bufLen/(8*sizeof(long)); i++) {
 322       anyBit = anyBit || (featureBuffer[i] != 0);
 323     }
 324     return anyBit;
 325   } else {
 326     assert((unsigned int)featureNum < bufLen,    "feature index out of range");
 327     unsigned char* byteBuffer = (unsigned char*)featureBuffer;
 328     int   byteIndex  = featureNum/(8*sizeof(char));
 329     int   bitIndex   = featureNum%(8*sizeof(char));
 330     // Indexed bit set?
 331     return (byteBuffer[byteIndex] & (1U<<(7-bitIndex))) != 0;
 332   }
 333 }
 334 
 335 void VM_Version::print_features_internal(const char* text, bool print_anyway) {
 336   tty->print_cr("%s %s",       text, features_string());
 337   tty->print("%s", text);
 338   for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _nfeatures; i++) {
 339     tty->print("  0x%16.16lx", _features[i]);
 340   }
 341   tty->cr();
 342 
 343   if (Verbose || print_anyway) {
 344     // z900
 345     if (has_long_displacement()        ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "LongDispFacility");
 346     // z990
 347     if (has_long_displacement_fast()   ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "LongDispFacilityHighPerf");
 348     if (has_ETF2() && has_ETF3()       ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "ETF2 and ETF3");
 349     if (has_Crypto()                   ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "CryptoFacility");
 350     // z9
 351     if (has_extended_immediate()       ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "ExtImmedFacility");
 352     if (has_StoreFacilityListExtended()) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "StoreFacilityListExtended");
 353     if (has_StoreClockFast()           ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "StoreClockFast");
 354     if (has_ETF2Enhancements()         ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "ETF2 Enhancements");
 355     if (has_ETF3Enhancements()         ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "ETF3 Enhancements");
 356     if (has_HFPUnnormalized()          ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "HFPUnnormalizedFacility");
 357     if (has_HFPMultiplyAndAdd()        ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "HFPMultiplyAndAddFacility");
 358     // z10
 359     if (has_ParsingEnhancements()      ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Parsing Enhancements");
 360     if (has_ExtractCPUtime()           ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "ExtractCPUTime");
 361     if (has_CompareSwapStore()         ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "CompareSwapStore");
 362     if (has_GnrlInstrExtensions()      ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "General Instruction Extensions");
 363     if (has_CompareBranch()            ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Compare and Branch");
 364     if (has_CompareTrap()              ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Compare and Trap");
 365     if (has_RelativeLoadStore()        ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Relative Load/Store");
 366     if (has_MultiplySingleImm32()      ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "MultiplySingleImm32");
 367     if (has_Prefetch()                 ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Prefetch");
 368     if (has_MoveImmToMem()             ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Direct Moves Immediate to Memory");
 369     if (has_MemWithImmALUOps()         ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Direct ALU Ops Memory .op. Immediate");
 370     if (has_ExtractCPUAttributes()     ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Extract CPU Atributes");
 371     if (has_ExecuteExtensions()        ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "ExecuteExtensions");
 372     if (has_FPSupportEnhancements()    ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "FPSupportEnhancements");
 373     if (has_DecimalFloatingPoint()     ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "DecimalFloatingPoint");
 374     // z196
 375     if (has_DistinctOpnds()            ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Distinct Operands");
 376     if (has_InterlockedAccessV1()      ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "InterlockedAccess V1 (fast)");
 377     if (has_PopCount()                 ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "PopCount");
 378     if (has_LoadStoreConditional()     ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "LoadStoreConditional");
 379     if (has_HighWordInstr()            ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "HighWord Instructions");
 380     if (has_FastSync()                 ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "FastSync (bcr 14,0)");
 381     if (has_AtomicMemWithImmALUOps()   ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Atomic Direct ALU Ops Memory .op. Immediate");
 382     if (has_FPExtensions()             ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Floatingpoint Extensions");
 383     if (has_CryptoExt3()               ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Crypto Extensions 3");
 384     if (has_CryptoExt4()               ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Crypto Extensions 4");
 385     // EC12
 386     if (has_MiscInstrExt()             ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Miscelaneous Instruction Extensions");
 387     if (has_ExecutionHint()            ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Execution Hints (branch prediction)");
 388     if (has_ProcessorAssist()          ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Processor Assists");
 389     if (has_LoadAndTrap()              ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Load and Trap");
 390     if (has_TxMem()                    ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Transactional Memory");
 391     if (has_InterlockedAccessV2()      ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "InterlockedAccess V2 (fast)");
 392     if (has_DFPZonedConversion()       ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "DFP Zoned Conversions");
 393     // z13
 394     if (has_LoadStoreConditional2()    ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Load/Store Conditional 2");
 395     if (has_CryptoExt5()               ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Crypto Extensions 5");
 396     if (has_DFPPackedConversion()      ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "DFP Packed Conversions");
 397     if (has_VectorFacility()           ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Vector Facility");
 398     // test switches
 399     if (has_TestFeature1Impl()         ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "TestFeature1Impl");
 400     if (has_TestFeature2Impl()         ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "TestFeature2Impl");
 401     if (has_TestFeature4Impl()         ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "TestFeature4Impl");
 402     if (has_TestFeature8Impl()         ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "TestFeature8Impl");
 403 
 404     if (has_Crypto()) {
 405       tty->cr();
 406       tty->print_cr("detailed availability of %s capabilities:", "CryptoFacility");
 407       if (test_feature_bit(&_cipher_features[0], -1, 2*Cipher::_featureBits)) {
 408         tty->cr();
 409         tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Message Cipher Functions");
 410       }
 411       if (test_feature_bit(&_cipher_features[0], -1, (int)Cipher::_featureBits)) {
 412         tty->print_cr("    available Crypto Features of KM  (Cipher Message):");
 413         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < Cipher::_featureBits; i++) {
 414           if (test_feature_bit(&_cipher_features[0], i, (int)Cipher::_featureBits)) {
 415             switch (i) {
 416               case Cipher::_Query:              tty->print_cr("      available: KM   Query");                  break;
 417               case Cipher::_DEA:                tty->print_cr("      available: KM   DEA");                    break;
 418               case Cipher::_TDEA128:            tty->print_cr("      available: KM   TDEA-128");               break;
 419               case Cipher::_TDEA192:            tty->print_cr("      available: KM   TDEA-192");               break;
 420               case Cipher::_EncryptedDEA:       tty->print_cr("      available: KM   Encrypted DEA");          break;
 421               case Cipher::_EncryptedDEA128:    tty->print_cr("      available: KM   Encrypted DEA-128");      break;
 422               case Cipher::_EncryptedDEA192:    tty->print_cr("      available: KM   Encrypted DEA-192");      break;
 423               case Cipher::_AES128:             tty->print_cr("      available: KM   AES-128");                break;
 424               case Cipher::_AES192:             tty->print_cr("      available: KM   AES-192");                break;
 425               case Cipher::_AES256:             tty->print_cr("      available: KM   AES-256");                break;
 426               case Cipher::_EnccryptedAES128:   tty->print_cr("      available: KM   Encrypted-AES-128");      break;
 427               case Cipher::_EnccryptedAES192:   tty->print_cr("      available: KM   Encrypted-AES-192");      break;
 428               case Cipher::_EnccryptedAES256:   tty->print_cr("      available: KM   Encrypted-AES-256");      break;
 429               case Cipher::_XTSAES128:          tty->print_cr("      available: KM   XTS-AES-128");            break;
 430               case Cipher::_XTSAES256:          tty->print_cr("      available: KM   XTS-AES-256");            break;
 431               case Cipher::_EncryptedXTSAES128: tty->print_cr("      available: KM   XTS-Encrypted-AES-128");  break;
 432               case Cipher::_EncryptedXTSAES256: tty->print_cr("      available: KM   XTS-Encrypted-AES-256");  break;
 433               default: tty->print_cr("      available: unknown KM  code %d", i);      break;
 434             }
 435           }
 436         }
 437       }
 438       if (test_feature_bit(&_cipher_features[2], -1, (int)Cipher::_featureBits)) {
 439         tty->print_cr("    available Crypto Features of KMC (Cipher Message with Chaining):");
 440         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < Cipher::_featureBits; i++) {
 441             if (test_feature_bit(&_cipher_features[2], i, (int)Cipher::_featureBits)) {
 442             switch (i) {
 443               case Cipher::_Query:              tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  Query");                  break;
 444               case Cipher::_DEA:                tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  DEA");                    break;
 445               case Cipher::_TDEA128:            tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  TDEA-128");               break;
 446               case Cipher::_TDEA192:            tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  TDEA-192");               break;
 447               case Cipher::_EncryptedDEA:       tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  Encrypted DEA");          break;
 448               case Cipher::_EncryptedDEA128:    tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  Encrypted DEA-128");      break;
 449               case Cipher::_EncryptedDEA192:    tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  Encrypted DEA-192");      break;
 450               case Cipher::_AES128:             tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  AES-128");                break;
 451               case Cipher::_AES192:             tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  AES-192");                break;
 452               case Cipher::_AES256:             tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  AES-256");                break;
 453               case Cipher::_EnccryptedAES128:   tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  Encrypted-AES-128");      break;
 454               case Cipher::_EnccryptedAES192:   tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  Encrypted-AES-192");      break;
 455               case Cipher::_EnccryptedAES256:   tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  Encrypted-AES-256");      break;
 456               case Cipher::_PRNG:               tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  PRNG");                   break;
 457               default: tty->print_cr("      available: unknown KMC code %d", i);      break;
 458             }
 459           }
 460         }
 461       }
 462 
 463       if (test_feature_bit(&_msgdigest_features[0], -1, 2*MsgDigest::_featureBits)) {
 464         tty->cr();
 465         tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Message Digest Functions for SHA");
 466       }
 467       if (test_feature_bit(&_msgdigest_features[0], -1, (int)MsgDigest::_featureBits)) {
 468         tty->print_cr("    available Features of KIMD (Msg Digest):");
 469         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < MsgDigest::_featureBits; i++) {
 470             if (test_feature_bit(&_msgdigest_features[0], i, (int)MsgDigest::_featureBits)) {
 471             switch (i) {
 472               case MsgDigest::_Query:  tty->print_cr("      available: KIMD Query");   break;
 473               case MsgDigest::_SHA1:   tty->print_cr("      available: KIMD SHA-1");   break;
 474               case MsgDigest::_SHA256: tty->print_cr("      available: KIMD SHA-256"); break;
 475               case MsgDigest::_SHA512: tty->print_cr("      available: KIMD SHA-512"); break;
 476               case MsgDigest::_GHASH:  tty->print_cr("      available: KIMD GHASH");   break;
 477               default: tty->print_cr("      available: unknown code %d", i);  break;
 478             }
 479           }
 480         }
 481       }
 482       if (test_feature_bit(&_msgdigest_features[2], -1, (int)MsgDigest::_featureBits)) {
 483         tty->print_cr("    available Features of KLMD (Msg Digest):");
 484         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < MsgDigest::_featureBits; i++) {
 485           if (test_feature_bit(&_msgdigest_features[2], i, (int)MsgDigest::_featureBits)) {
 486             switch (i) {
 487               case MsgDigest::_Query:  tty->print_cr("      available: KLMD Query");   break;
 488               case MsgDigest::_SHA1:   tty->print_cr("      available: KLMD SHA-1");   break;
 489               case MsgDigest::_SHA256: tty->print_cr("      available: KLMD SHA-256"); break;
 490               case MsgDigest::_SHA512: tty->print_cr("      available: KLMD SHA-512"); break;
 491               default: tty->print_cr("      available: unknown code %d", i);  break;
 492             }
 493           }
 494         }
 495       }
 496     }
 497     if (ContendedPaddingWidth > 0) {
 498       tty->cr();
 499       tty->print_cr("ContendedPaddingWidth " INTX_FORMAT, ContendedPaddingWidth);
 500     }
 501   }
 502 }
 503 
 504 void VM_Version::print_features() {
 505   print_features_internal("Version:");
 506 }
 507 
 508 void VM_Version::reset_features(bool reset) {
 509   if (reset) {
 510     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _features_buffer_len; i++) {
 511       VM_Version::_features[i] = 0;
 512     }
 513   }
 514 }
 515 
 516 void VM_Version::set_features_z900(bool reset) {
 517   reset_features(reset);
 518 
 519   set_has_long_displacement();
 520   set_has_ETF2();
 521 }
 522 
 523 void VM_Version::set_features_z990(bool reset) {
 524   reset_features(reset);
 525 
 526   set_features_z900(false);
 527   set_has_ETF3();
 528   set_has_long_displacement_fast();
 529   set_has_HFPMultiplyAndAdd();
 530 }
 531 
 532 void VM_Version::set_features_z9(bool reset) {
 533   reset_features(reset);
 534 
 535   set_features_z990(false);
 536   set_has_StoreFacilityListExtended();
 537   // set_has_Crypto();   // Do not set, crypto features must be retrieved separately.
 538   set_has_ETF2Enhancements();
 539   set_has_ETF3Enhancements();
 540   set_has_extended_immediate();
 541   set_has_StoreClockFast();
 542   set_has_HFPUnnormalized();
 543 }
 544 
 545 void VM_Version::set_features_z10(bool reset) {
 546   reset_features(reset);
 547 
 548   set_features_z9(false);
 549   set_has_CompareSwapStore();
 550   set_has_RelativeLoadStore();
 551   set_has_CompareBranch();
 552   set_has_CompareTrap();
 553   set_has_MultiplySingleImm32();
 554   set_has_Prefetch();
 555   set_has_MoveImmToMem();
 556   set_has_MemWithImmALUOps();
 557   set_has_ExecuteExtensions();
 558   set_has_FPSupportEnhancements();
 559   set_has_DecimalFloatingPoint();
 560   set_has_ExtractCPUtime();
 561   set_has_CryptoExt3();
 562 }
 563 
 564 void VM_Version::set_features_z196(bool reset) {
 565   reset_features(reset);
 566 
 567   set_features_z10(false);
 568   set_has_InterlockedAccessV1();
 569   set_has_PopCount();
 570   set_has_LoadStoreConditional();
 571   set_has_HighWordInstr();
 572   set_has_FastSync();
 573   set_has_FPExtensions();
 574   set_has_DistinctOpnds();
 575   set_has_CryptoExt4();
 576 }
 577 
 578 void VM_Version::set_features_ec12(bool reset) {
 579   reset_features(reset);
 580 
 581   set_features_z196(false);
 582   set_has_MiscInstrExt();
 583   set_has_InterlockedAccessV2();
 584   set_has_LoadAndALUAtomicV2();
 585   set_has_TxMem();
 586 }
 587 
 588 void VM_Version::set_features_z13(bool reset) {
 589   reset_features(reset);
 590 
 591   set_features_ec12(false);
 592   set_has_LoadStoreConditional2();
 593   set_has_CryptoExt5();
 594   set_has_VectorFacility();
 595 }
 596 
 597 void VM_Version::set_features_from(const char* march) {
 598   bool err = false;
 599   bool prt = false;
 600 
 601   if ((march != NULL) && (march[0] != '\0')) {
 602     const int buf_len = 16;
 603     const int hdr_len =  5;
 604     char buf[buf_len];
 605     if (strlen(march) >= hdr_len) {
 606       memcpy(buf, march, hdr_len);
 607       buf[hdr_len] = '\00';
 608     } else {
 609       buf[0]       = '\00';
 610     }
 611 
 612     if (!strcmp(march, "z900")) {
 613       set_features_z900();
 614     } else if (!strcmp(march, "z990")) {
 615         set_features_z990();
 616     } else if (!strcmp(march, "z9")) {
 617         set_features_z9();
 618     } else if (!strcmp(march, "z10")) {
 619         set_features_z10();
 620     } else if (!strcmp(march, "z196")) {
 621         set_features_z196();
 622     } else if (!strcmp(march, "ec12")) {
 623         set_features_ec12();
 624     } else if (!strcmp(march, "z13")) {
 625         set_features_z13();
 626     } else if (!strcmp(buf, "ztest")) {
 627       assert(!has_TestFeaturesImpl(), "possible facility list flag conflict");
 628       if (strlen(march) > hdr_len) {
 629         int itest = 0;
 630         if ((strlen(march)-hdr_len) >= buf_len) err = true;
 631         if (!err) {
 632           memcpy(buf, &march[hdr_len], strlen(march)-hdr_len);
 633           buf[strlen(march)-hdr_len] = '\00';
 634           for (size_t i = 0; !err && (i < strlen(buf)); i++) {
 635             itest = itest*10 + buf[i]-'0';
 636             err   = err || ((buf[i]-'0') < 0) || ((buf[i]-'0') > 9) || (itest > 15);
 637           }
 638         }
 639         if (!err) {
 640           prt = true;
 641           if (itest & 0x01) { set_has_TestFeature1Impl(); }
 642           if (itest & 0x02) { set_has_TestFeature2Impl(); }
 643           if (itest & 0x04) { set_has_TestFeature4Impl(); }
 644           if (itest & 0x08) { set_has_TestFeature8Impl(); }
 645         }
 646       } else {
 647         prt = true;
 648         set_has_TestFeature1Impl();
 649         set_has_TestFeature2Impl();
 650         set_has_TestFeature4Impl();
 651         set_has_TestFeature8Impl();
 652       }
 653     } else {
 654       err = true;
 655     }
 656     if (!err) {
 657       set_features_string();
 658       if (prt || PrintAssembly) {
 659         print_features_internal("CPU Version as set by cmdline option:", prt);
 660       }
 661     } else {
 662       tty->print_cr("***Warning: Unsupported ProcessorArchitecture: %s, internal settings left undisturbed.", march);
 663     }
 664   }
 665 
 666 }
 667 
 668 static long (*getFeatures)(unsigned long*, int, int) = NULL;
 669 
 670 void VM_Version::set_getFeatures(address entryPoint) {
 671   if (getFeatures == NULL) {
 672     getFeatures = (long(*)(unsigned long*, int, int))entryPoint;
 673   }
 674 }
 675 
 676 long VM_Version::call_getFeatures(unsigned long* buffer, int buflen, int functionCode) {
 677   VM_Version::_is_determine_features_test_running = true;
 678   long functionResult = (*getFeatures)(buffer, buflen, functionCode);
 679   VM_Version::_is_determine_features_test_running = false;
 680   return functionResult;
 681 }
 682 
 683 // Helper function for "extract cache attribute" instruction.
 684 int VM_Version::calculate_ECAG_functionCode(unsigned int attributeIndication,
 685                                             unsigned int levelIndication,
 686                                             unsigned int typeIndication) {
 687   return (attributeIndication<<4) | (levelIndication<<1) | typeIndication;
 688 }
 689 
 690 void VM_Version::determine_features() {
 691 
 692   const int      cbuf_size = _code_buffer_len;
 693   const int      buf_len   = _features_buffer_len;
 694 
 695   // Allocate code buffer space for the detection code.
 696   ResourceMark    rm;
 697   CodeBuffer      cbuf("determine CPU features", cbuf_size, 0);
 698   MacroAssembler* a = new MacroAssembler(&cbuf);
 699 
 700   // Emit code.
 701   set_getFeatures(a->pc());
 702   address   code = a->pc();
 703 
 704   // Try STFLE. Possible INVOP will cause defaults to be used.
 705   Label    getFEATURES;
 706   Label    getCPUFEATURES;                   // fcode = -1 (cache)
 707   Label    getCIPHERFEATURES;                // fcode = -2 (cipher)
 708   Label    getMSGDIGESTFEATURES;             // fcode = -3 (SHA)
 709   Label    getVECTORFEATURES;                // fcode = -4 (OS support for vector instructions)
 710   Label    checkLongDispFast;
 711   Label    noLongDisp;
 712   Label    posDisp, negDisp;
 713   Label    errRTN;
 714   a->z_ltgfr(Z_R0, Z_ARG2);                  // Buf len to r0 and test.
 715   a->z_brl(getFEATURES);                     // negative -> Get machine features not covered by facility list.
 716   a->z_brz(checkLongDispFast);               // zero -> Check for high-speed Long Displacement Facility.
 717   a->z_aghi(Z_R0, -1);
 718   a->z_stfle(0, Z_ARG1);
 719   a->z_lg(Z_R1, 0, Z_ARG1);                  // Get first DW of facility list.
 720   a->z_lgr(Z_RET, Z_R0);                     // Calculate rtn value for success.
 721   a->z_la(Z_RET, 1, Z_RET);
 722   a->z_brnz(errRTN);                         // Instr failed if non-zero CC.
 723   a->z_ltgr(Z_R1, Z_R1);                     // Instr failed if first DW == 0.
 724   a->z_bcr(Assembler::bcondNotZero, Z_R14);  // Successful return.
 725 
 726   a->bind(errRTN);
 727   a->z_lngr(Z_RET, Z_RET);
 728   a->z_ltgr(Z_R1, Z_R1);
 729   a->z_bcr(Assembler::bcondNotZero, Z_R14);  // Return "buffer too small".
 730   a->z_xgr(Z_RET, Z_RET);
 731   a->z_br(Z_R14);                            // Return "operation aborted".
 732 
 733   a->bind(getFEATURES);
 734   a->z_cghi(Z_R0, -1);                       // -1: Extract CPU attributes, currently: cache layout only.
 735   a->z_bre(getCPUFEATURES);
 736   a->z_cghi(Z_R0, -2);                       // -2: Extract detailed crypto capabilities (cipher instructions).
 737   a->z_bre(getCIPHERFEATURES);
 738   a->z_cghi(Z_R0, -3);                       // -3: Extract detailed crypto capabilities (msg digest instructions).
 739   a->z_bre(getMSGDIGESTFEATURES);
 740   a->z_cghi(Z_R0, -4);                       // -4: Verify vector instruction availability (OS support).
 741   a->z_bre(getVECTORFEATURES);
 742 
 743   a->z_xgr(Z_RET, Z_RET);                    // Not a valid function code.
 744   a->z_br(Z_R14);                            // Return "operation aborted".
 745 
 746   // Try KIMD/KLMD query function to get details about msg digest (secure hash, SHA) instructions.
 747   a->bind(getMSGDIGESTFEATURES);
 748   a->z_lghi(Z_R0,(int)MsgDigest::_Query);    // query function code
 749   a->z_lgr(Z_R1,Z_R2);                       // param block addr, 2*16 bytes min size
 750   a->z_kimd(Z_R2,Z_R2);                      // Get available KIMD functions (bit pattern in param blk).
 751   a->z_la(Z_R1,16,Z_R1);                     // next param block addr
 752   a->z_klmd(Z_R2,Z_R2);                      // Get available KLMD functions (bit pattern in param blk).
 753   a->z_lghi(Z_RET,4);
 754   a->z_br(Z_R14);
 755 
 756   // Try KM/KMC query function to get details about crypto instructions.
 757   a->bind(getCIPHERFEATURES);
 758   a->z_lghi(Z_R0,(int)Cipher::_Query);       // query function code
 759   a->z_lgr(Z_R1,Z_R2);                       // param block addr, 2*16 bytes min size (KIMD/KLMD output)
 760   a->z_km(Z_R2,Z_R2);                        // get available KM functions
 761   a->z_la(Z_R1,16,Z_R1);                     // next param block addr
 762   a->z_kmc(Z_R2,Z_R2);                       // get available KMC functions
 763   a->z_lghi(Z_RET,4);
 764   a->z_br(Z_R14);
 765 
 766   // Use EXTRACT CPU ATTRIBUTE instruction to get information about cache layout.
 767   a->bind(getCPUFEATURES);
 768   a->z_xgr(Z_R0,Z_R0);                       // as recommended in instruction documentation
 769   a->z_ecag(Z_RET,Z_R0,0,Z_ARG3);            // Extract information as requested by Z_ARG1 contents.
 770   a->z_br(Z_R14);
 771 
 772   // Use a vector instruction to verify OS support. Will fail with SIGFPE if OS support is missing.
 773   a->bind(getVECTORFEATURES);
 774   a->z_vtm(Z_V0,Z_V0);                       // non-destructive vector instruction. Will cause SIGFPE if not supported.
 775   a->z_br(Z_R14);
 776 
 777   // Check the performance of the Long Displacement Facility, i.e. find out if we are running on z900 or newer.
 778   a->bind(checkLongDispFast);
 779   a->z_llill(Z_R0, 0xffff);                  // preset #iterations
 780   a->z_larl(Z_R1, posDisp);
 781   a->z_stck(0, Z_ARG1);                      // Get begin timestamp.
 782 
 783   a->bind(posDisp);                          // Positive disp loop.
 784   a->z_lg(Z_ARG2, 0, Z_ARG1);
 785   a->z_bctgr(Z_R0, Z_R1);
 786 
 787   a->z_stck(0, Z_ARG1);                      // Get end timestamp.
 788   a->z_sg(Z_ARG2, 0, Z_R0, Z_ARG1);          // Calculate elapsed time.
 789   a->z_lcgr(Z_ARG2, Z_ARG2);
 790   a->z_srlg(Z_ARG2, Z_ARG2, 12);             // LSB: now microseconds
 791   a->z_stg(Z_ARG2, 8, Z_ARG1);               // Store difference in buffer[1].
 792 
 793   a->z_llill(Z_R0, 0xffff);                  // preset #iterations
 794   a->z_larl(Z_R1, negDisp);
 795   a->z_xgr(Z_ARG2, Z_ARG2);                  // Clear to detect absence of LongDisp facility.
 796   a->z_stck(0, Z_ARG1);                      // Get begin timestamp.
 797   a->z_la(Z_ARG1, 8, Z_ARG1);
 798 
 799   a->bind(negDisp);                          // Negative disp loop.
 800   a->z_lg(Z_ARG2, -8, Z_ARG1);
 801   a->z_bctgr(Z_R0, Z_R1);
 802 
 803   a->z_aghi(Z_ARG1, -8);
 804   a->z_stck(0, Z_ARG1);                      // Get end timestamp.
 805   a->z_ltgr(Z_ARG2, Z_ARG2);                 // Check for absence of LongDisp facility.
 806   a->z_brz(noLongDisp);
 807   a->z_sg(Z_ARG2, 0, Z_R0, Z_ARG1);          // Calc elapsed time.
 808   a->z_lcgr(Z_ARG2, Z_ARG2);
 809   a->z_srlg(Z_ARG2, Z_ARG2, 12);             // LSB: now microseconds
 810   a->z_stg(Z_ARG2, 0, Z_ARG1);               // store difference in buffer[0]
 811 
 812   a->z_llill(Z_RET,0xffff);
 813   a->z_br(Z_R14);
 814 
 815   a->bind(noLongDisp);
 816   a->z_lghi(Z_RET,-1);
 817   a->z_br(Z_R14);
 818 
 819   address code_end = a->pc();
 820   a->flush();
 821 
 822   // Print the detection code.
 823   bool printVerbose = Verbose || PrintAssembly || PrintStubCode;
 824   if (printVerbose) {
 825     ttyLocker ttyl;
 826     tty->print_cr("Decoding CPU feature detection stub at " INTPTR_FORMAT " before execution:", p2i(code));
 827     tty->print_cr("Stub length is %ld bytes, codebuffer reserves %d bytes, %ld bytes spare.",
 828                   code_end-code, cbuf_size, cbuf_size-(code_end-code));
 829 
 830     // Use existing decode function. This enables the [Code] format which is needed to DecodeErrorFile.
 831     Disassembler::decode((u_char*)code, (u_char*)code_end, tty);
 832   }
 833 
 834   // Prepare for detection code execution and clear work buffer.
 835   _nfeatures        = 0;
 836   _ncipher_features = 0;
 837   unsigned long  buffer[buf_len];
 838 
 839   for (int i = 0; i < buf_len; i++) {
 840     buffer[i] = 0L;
 841   }
 842 
 843   // execute code
 844   // Illegal instructions will be replaced by 0 in signal handler.
 845   // In case of problems, call_getFeatures will return a not-positive result.
 846   long used_len = call_getFeatures(buffer, buf_len, 0);
 847 
 848   bool ok;
 849   if (used_len == 1) {
 850     ok = true;
 851   } else if (used_len > 1) {
 852     unsigned int used_lenU = (unsigned int)used_len;
 853     ok = true;
 854     for (unsigned int i = 1; i < used_lenU; i++) {
 855       ok = ok && (buffer[i] == 0L);
 856     }
 857     if (printVerbose && !ok) {
 858       bool compact = false;
 859       tty->print_cr("Note: feature list has %d (i.e. more than one) array elements.", used_lenU);
 860       if (compact) {
 861         tty->print("non-zero feature list elements:");
 862         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < used_lenU; i++) {
 863           tty->print("  [%d]: 0x%16.16lx", i, buffer[i]);
 864         }
 865         tty->cr();
 866       } else {
 867         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < used_lenU; i++) {
 868           tty->print_cr("non-zero feature list[%d]: 0x%16.16lx", i, buffer[i]);
 869         }
 870       }
 871 
 872       if (compact) {
 873         tty->print_cr("Active features (compact view):");
 874         for (unsigned int k = 0; k < used_lenU; k++) {
 875           tty->print_cr("  buffer[%d]:", k);
 876           for (unsigned int j = k*sizeof(long); j < (k+1)*sizeof(long); j++) {
 877             bool line = false;
 878             for (unsigned int i = j*8; i < (j+1)*8; i++) {
 879               bool bit  = test_feature_bit(buffer, i, used_lenU*sizeof(long)*8);
 880               if (bit) {
 881                 if (!line) {
 882                   tty->print("    byte[%d]:", j);
 883                   line = true;
 884                 }
 885                 tty->print("  [%3.3d]", i);
 886               }
 887             }
 888             if (line) {
 889               tty->cr();
 890             }
 891           }
 892         }
 893       } else {
 894         tty->print_cr("Active features (full view):");
 895         for (unsigned int k = 0; k < used_lenU; k++) {
 896           tty->print_cr("  buffer[%d]:", k);
 897           for (unsigned int j = k*sizeof(long); j < (k+1)*sizeof(long); j++) {
 898             tty->print("    byte[%d]:", j);
 899             for (unsigned int i = j*8; i < (j+1)*8; i++) {
 900               bool bit  = test_feature_bit(buffer, i, used_lenU*sizeof(long)*8);
 901               if (bit) {
 902                 tty->print("  [%3.3d]", i);
 903               } else {
 904                 tty->print("       ");
 905               }
 906             }
 907             tty->cr();
 908           }
 909         }
 910       }
 911     }
 912     ok = true;
 913   } else {  // No features retrieved if we reach here. Buffer too short or instr not available.
 914     if (used_len < 0) {
 915       ok = false;
 916       if (printVerbose) {
 917         tty->print_cr("feature list buffer[%d] too short, required: buffer[%ld]", buf_len, -used_len);
 918       }
 919     } else {
 920       if (printVerbose) {
 921         tty->print_cr("feature list could not be retrieved. Running on z900 or z990? Trying to find out...");
 922       }
 923       used_len = call_getFeatures(buffer, 0, 0);       // Must provide at least two DW buffer elements!!!!
 924 
 925       ok = used_len > 0;
 926       if (ok) {
 927         if (buffer[1]*10 < buffer[0]) {
 928           set_features_z900();
 929         } else {
 930           set_features_z990();
 931         }
 932 
 933         if (printVerbose) {
 934           tty->print_cr("Note: high-speed long displacement test used %ld iterations.", used_len);
 935           tty->print_cr("      Positive displacement loads took %8.8lu microseconds.", buffer[1]);
 936           tty->print_cr("      Negative displacement loads took %8.8lu microseconds.", buffer[0]);
 937           if (has_long_displacement_fast()) {
 938             tty->print_cr("      assuming high-speed long displacement IS     available.");
 939           } else {
 940             tty->print_cr("      assuming high-speed long displacement is NOT available.");
 941           }
 942         }
 943       } else {
 944         if (printVerbose) {
 945           tty->print_cr("Note: high-speed long displacement test was not successful.");
 946           tty->print_cr("      assuming long displacement is NOT available.");
 947         }
 948       }
 949       return; // Do not copy buffer to _features, no test for cipher features.
 950     }
 951   }
 952 
 953   if (ok) {
 954     // Fill features buffer.
 955     // Clear work buffer.
 956     for (int i = 0; i < buf_len; i++) {
 957       _features[i]           = buffer[i];
 958       _cipher_features[i]    = 0;
 959       _msgdigest_features[i] = 0;
 960       buffer[i]              = 0L;
 961     }
 962     _nfeatures = used_len;
 963   } else {
 964     for (int i = 0; i < buf_len; i++) {
 965       _features[i]           = 0;
 966       _cipher_features[i]    = 0;
 967       _msgdigest_features[i] = 0;
 968       buffer[i]              = 0L;
 969     }
 970     _nfeatures = 0;
 971   }
 972 
 973   if (has_VectorFacility()) {
 974     // Verify that feature can actually be used. OS support required.
 975     call_getFeatures(buffer, -4, 0);
 976     if (printVerbose) {
 977       ttyLocker ttyl;
 978       if (has_VectorFacility()) {
 979         tty->print_cr("  Vector Facility has been verified to be supported by OS");
 980       } else {
 981         tty->print_cr("  Vector Facility has been disabled - not supported by OS");
 982       }
 983     }
 984   }
 985 
 986   // Extract Crypto Facility details.
 987   if (has_Crypto()) {
 988     // Get cipher features.
 989     used_len = call_getFeatures(buffer, -2, 0);
 990     for (int i = 0; i < buf_len; i++) {
 991       _cipher_features[i] = buffer[i];
 992     }
 993     _ncipher_features = used_len;
 994 
 995     // Get msg digest features.
 996     used_len = call_getFeatures(buffer, -3, 0);
 997     for (int i = 0; i < buf_len; i++) {
 998       _msgdigest_features[i] = buffer[i];
 999     }
1000     _nmsgdigest_features = used_len;
1001   }
1002 
1003   static int   levelProperties[_max_cache_levels];     // All property indications per level.
1004   static int   levelScope[_max_cache_levels];          // private/shared
1005   static const char* levelScopeText[4] = {"No cache   ",
1006                                           "CPU private",
1007                                           "shared     ",
1008                                           "reserved   "};
1009 
1010   static int   levelType[_max_cache_levels];           // D/I/mixed
1011   static const char* levelTypeText[4]  = {"separate D and I caches",
1012                                           "I cache only           ",
1013                                           "D-cache only           ",
1014                                           "combined D/I cache     "};
1015 
1016   static unsigned int levelReserved[_max_cache_levels];    // reserved property bits
1017   static unsigned int levelLineSize[_max_cache_levels];
1018   static unsigned int levelTotalSize[_max_cache_levels];
1019   static unsigned int levelAssociativity[_max_cache_levels];
1020 
1021 
1022   // Extract Cache Layout details.
1023   if (has_ExtractCPUAttributes() && printVerbose) { // For information only, as of now.
1024     bool         lineSize_mismatch;
1025     bool         print_something;
1026     long         functionResult;
1027     unsigned int attributeIndication = 0; // 0..15
1028     unsigned int levelIndication     = 0; // 0..8
1029     unsigned int typeIndication      = 0; // 0..1 (D-Cache, I-Cache)
1030     int          functionCode        = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, levelIndication, typeIndication);
1031 
1032     // Get cache topology.
1033     functionResult = call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1034 
1035     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _max_cache_levels; i++) {
1036       if (functionResult > 0) {
1037         int shiftVal          = 8*(_max_cache_levels-(i+1));
1038         levelProperties[i]    = (functionResult & (0xffUL<<shiftVal)) >> shiftVal;
1039         levelReserved[i]      = (levelProperties[i] & 0xf0) >> 4;
1040         levelScope[i]         = (levelProperties[i] & 0x0c) >> 2;
1041         levelType[i]          = (levelProperties[i] & 0x03);
1042       } else {
1043         levelProperties[i]    = 0;
1044         levelReserved[i]      = 0;
1045         levelScope[i]         = 0;
1046         levelType[i]          = 0;
1047       }
1048       levelLineSize[i]      = 0;
1049       levelTotalSize[i]     = 0;
1050       levelAssociativity[i] = 0;
1051     }
1052 
1053     tty->cr();
1054     tty->print_cr("------------------------------------");
1055     tty->print_cr("---  Cache Topology Information  ---");
1056     tty->print_cr("------------------------------------");
1057     for (unsigned int i = 0; (i < _max_cache_levels) && (levelProperties[i] != 0); i++) {
1058       tty->print_cr("  Cache Level %d: <scope>  %s | <type>  %s",
1059                     i+1, levelScopeText[levelScope[i]], levelTypeText[levelType[i]]);
1060     }
1061 
1062     // Get D-cache details per level.
1063     _Dcache_lineSize   = 0;
1064     lineSize_mismatch  = false;
1065     print_something    = false;
1066     typeIndication     = 0; // 0..1 (D-Cache, I-Cache)
1067     for (unsigned int i = 0; (i < _max_cache_levels) && (levelProperties[i] != 0); i++) {
1068       if ((levelType[i] == 0) || (levelType[i] == 2)) {
1069         print_something     = true;
1070 
1071         // Get cache line size of level i.
1072         attributeIndication   = 1;
1073         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1074         levelLineSize[i]      = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1075 
1076         // Get cache total size of level i.
1077         attributeIndication   = 2;
1078         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1079         levelTotalSize[i]     = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1080 
1081         // Get cache associativity of level i.
1082         attributeIndication   = 3;
1083         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1084         levelAssociativity[i] = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1085 
1086         _Dcache_lineSize      = _Dcache_lineSize == 0 ? levelLineSize[i] : _Dcache_lineSize;
1087         lineSize_mismatch     = lineSize_mismatch || (_Dcache_lineSize != levelLineSize[i]);
1088       } else {
1089         levelLineSize[i]      = 0;
1090       }
1091     }
1092 
1093     if (print_something) {
1094       tty->cr();
1095       tty->print_cr("------------------------------------");
1096       tty->print_cr("---  D-Cache Detail Information  ---");
1097       tty->print_cr("------------------------------------");
1098       if (lineSize_mismatch) {
1099         tty->print_cr("WARNING: D-Cache line size mismatch!");
1100       }
1101       for (unsigned int i = 0; (i < _max_cache_levels) && (levelProperties[i] != 0); i++) {
1102         if (levelLineSize[i] > 0) {
1103           tty->print_cr("  D-Cache Level %d: line size = %4d,  total size = %6dKB,  associativity = %2d",
1104                         i+1, levelLineSize[i], levelTotalSize[i]/(int)K, levelAssociativity[i]);
1105         }
1106       }
1107     }
1108 
1109     // Get I-cache details per level.
1110     _Icache_lineSize   = 0;
1111     lineSize_mismatch  = false;
1112     print_something    = false;
1113     typeIndication     = 1; // 0..1 (D-Cache, I-Cache)
1114     for (unsigned int i = 0; (i < _max_cache_levels) && (levelProperties[i] != 0); i++) {
1115       if ((levelType[i] == 0) || (levelType[i] == 1)) {
1116         print_something     = true;
1117 
1118         // Get cache line size of level i.
1119         attributeIndication   = 1;
1120         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1121         levelLineSize[i]      = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1122 
1123         // Get cache total size of level i.
1124         attributeIndication   = 2;
1125         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1126         levelTotalSize[i]     = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1127 
1128         // Get cache associativity of level i.
1129         attributeIndication   = 3;
1130         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1131         levelAssociativity[i] = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1132 
1133         _Icache_lineSize      = _Icache_lineSize == 0 ? levelLineSize[i] : _Icache_lineSize;
1134         lineSize_mismatch     = lineSize_mismatch || (_Icache_lineSize != levelLineSize[i]);
1135       } else {
1136         levelLineSize[i]      = 0;
1137       }
1138     }
1139 
1140     if (print_something) {
1141       tty->cr();
1142       tty->print_cr("------------------------------------");
1143       tty->print_cr("---  I-Cache Detail Information  ---");
1144       tty->print_cr("------------------------------------");
1145       if (lineSize_mismatch) {
1146         tty->print_cr("WARNING: I-Cache line size mismatch!");
1147       }
1148       for (unsigned int i = 0; (i < _max_cache_levels) && (levelProperties[i] != 0); i++) {
1149         if (levelLineSize[i] > 0) {
1150           tty->print_cr("  I-Cache Level %d: line size = %4d,  total size = %6dKB,  associativity = %2d",
1151                         i+1, levelLineSize[i], levelTotalSize[i]/(int)K, levelAssociativity[i]);
1152         }
1153       }
1154     }
1155 
1156     // Get D/I-cache details per level.
1157     lineSize_mismatch  = false;
1158     print_something    = false;
1159     typeIndication     = 0; // 0..1 (D-Cache, I-Cache)
1160     for (unsigned int i = 0; (i < _max_cache_levels) && (levelProperties[i] != 0); i++) {
1161       if (levelType[i] == 3) {
1162         print_something     = true;
1163 
1164         // Get cache line size of level i.
1165         attributeIndication   = 1;
1166         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1167         levelLineSize[i]      = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1168 
1169         // Get cache total size of level i.
1170         attributeIndication   = 2;
1171         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1172         levelTotalSize[i]     = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1173 
1174         // Get cache associativity of level i.
1175         attributeIndication   = 3;
1176         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1177         levelAssociativity[i] = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1178 
1179         _Dcache_lineSize      = _Dcache_lineSize == 0 ? levelLineSize[i] : _Dcache_lineSize;
1180         _Icache_lineSize      = _Icache_lineSize == 0 ? levelLineSize[i] : _Icache_lineSize;
1181         lineSize_mismatch     = lineSize_mismatch || (_Dcache_lineSize != levelLineSize[i])
1182                                                   || (_Icache_lineSize != levelLineSize[i]);
1183       } else {
1184         levelLineSize[i]      = 0;
1185       }
1186     }
1187 
1188     if (print_something) {
1189       tty->cr();
1190       tty->print_cr("--------------------------------------");
1191       tty->print_cr("---  D/I-Cache Detail Information  ---");
1192       tty->print_cr("--------------------------------------");
1193       if (lineSize_mismatch) {
1194         tty->print_cr("WARNING: D/I-Cache line size mismatch!");
1195       }
1196       for (unsigned int i = 0; (i < _max_cache_levels) && (levelProperties[i] != 0); i++) {
1197         if (levelLineSize[i] > 0) {
1198           tty->print_cr("  D/I-Cache Level %d: line size = %4d,  total size = %6dKB,  associativity = %2d",
1199                         i+1, levelLineSize[i], levelTotalSize[i]/(int)K, levelAssociativity[i]);
1200         }
1201       }
1202     }
1203     tty->cr();
1204   }
1205   return;
1206 }
1207 
1208 unsigned long VM_Version::z_SIGILL() {
1209   unsigned long   ZeroBuffer = 0;
1210   unsigned long   work;
1211   asm(
1212     "     LA      %[work],%[buffer]  \n\t"   // Load address of buffer.
1213     "     LARL    14,+6              \n\t"   // Load address of faulting instruction.
1214     "     BCR     15,%[work]         \n\t"   // Branch into buffer, execute whatever is in there.
1215     : [buffer]  "+Q"  (ZeroBuffer)   /* outputs   */
1216     , [work]   "=&a"  (work)         /* outputs   */
1217     :                                /* inputs    */
1218     : "cc"                           /* clobbered */
1219  );
1220   return ZeroBuffer;
1221 }
1222 
1223 unsigned long VM_Version::z_SIGSEGV() {
1224   unsigned long   ZeroBuffer = 0;
1225   unsigned long   work;
1226   asm(
1227     "     LG      %[work],%[buffer]  \n\t"   // Load zero address.
1228     "     STG     %[work],0(,%[work])\n\t"   // Store to address zero.
1229     : [buffer]  "+Q"  (ZeroBuffer)   /* outputs   */
1230     , [work]   "=&a"  (work)         /* outputs   */
1231     :                                /* inputs    */
1232     : "cc"                           /* clobbered */
1233  );
1234   return ZeroBuffer;
1235 }
1236