1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "jvm.h"
  27 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/metadataOnStackMark.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  33 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
  34 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  35 #include "memory/heapInspection.hpp"
  36 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
  37 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
  38 #include "memory/metaspaceShared.hpp"
  39 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  40 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  41 #include "oops/array.inline.hpp"
  42 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "oops/cpCache.inline.hpp"
  44 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  45 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
  46 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  47 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  48 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/fieldType.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
  54 #include "runtime/vframe.hpp"
  55 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
  56 
  57 constantTag ConstantPool::tag_at(int which) const { return (constantTag)tags()->at_acquire(which); }
  58 
  59 void ConstantPool::release_tag_at_put(int which, jbyte t) { tags()->release_at_put(which, t); }
  60 
  61 ConstantPool* ConstantPool::allocate(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int length, TRAPS) {
  62   Array<u1>* tags = MetadataFactory::new_array<u1>(loader_data, length, 0, CHECK_NULL);
  63   int size = ConstantPool::size(length);
  64   return new (loader_data, size, MetaspaceObj::ConstantPoolType, THREAD) ConstantPool(tags);
  65 }
  66 
  67 #ifdef ASSERT
  68 
  69 // MetaspaceObj allocation invariant is calloc equivalent memory
  70 // simple verification of this here (JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid == 0 )
  71 static bool tag_array_is_zero_initialized(Array<u1>* tags) {
  72   assert(tags != NULL, "invariant");
  73   const int length = tags->length();
  74   for (int index = 0; index < length; ++index) {
  75     if (JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid != tags->at(index)) {
  76       return false;
  77     }
  78   }
  79   return true;
  80 }
  81 
  82 #endif
  83 
  84 ConstantPool::ConstantPool(Array<u1>* tags) :
  85   _tags(tags),
  86   _length(tags->length()) {
  87 
  88     assert(_tags != NULL, "invariant");
  89     assert(tags->length() == _length, "invariant");
  90     assert(tag_array_is_zero_initialized(tags), "invariant");
  91     assert(0 == flags(), "invariant");
  92     assert(0 == version(), "invariant");
  93     assert(NULL == _pool_holder, "invariant");
  94 }
  95 
  96 void ConstantPool::deallocate_contents(ClassLoaderData* loader_data) {
  97   if (cache() != NULL) {
  98     MetadataFactory::free_metadata(loader_data, cache());
  99     set_cache(NULL);
 100   }
 101 
 102   MetadataFactory::free_array<Klass*>(loader_data, resolved_klasses());
 103   set_resolved_klasses(NULL);
 104 
 105   MetadataFactory::free_array<jushort>(loader_data, operands());
 106   set_operands(NULL);
 107 
 108   release_C_heap_structures();
 109 
 110   // free tag array
 111   MetadataFactory::free_array<u1>(loader_data, tags());
 112   set_tags(NULL);
 113 }
 114 
 115 void ConstantPool::release_C_heap_structures() {
 116   // walk constant pool and decrement symbol reference counts
 117   unreference_symbols();
 118 }
 119 
 120 void ConstantPool::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
 121   log_trace(cds)("Iter(ConstantPool): %p", this);
 122 
 123   it->push(&_tags, MetaspaceClosure::_writable);
 124   it->push(&_cache);
 125   it->push(&_pool_holder);
 126   it->push(&_operands);
 127   it->push(&_resolved_klasses, MetaspaceClosure::_writable);
 128 
 129   for (int i = 0; i < length(); i++) {
 130     // The only MSO's embedded in the CP entries are Symbols:
 131     //   JVM_CONSTANT_String (normal and pseudo)
 132     //   JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8
 133     constantTag ctag = tag_at(i);
 134     if (ctag.is_string() || ctag.is_utf8()) {
 135       it->push(symbol_at_addr(i));
 136     }
 137   }
 138 }
 139 
 140 objArrayOop ConstantPool::resolved_references() const {
 141   return (objArrayOop)_cache->resolved_references();
 142 }
 143 
 144 // Called from outside constant pool resolution where a resolved_reference array
 145 // may not be present.
 146 objArrayOop ConstantPool::resolved_references_or_null() const {
 147   if (_cache == NULL) {
 148     return NULL;
 149   } else {
 150     return (objArrayOop)_cache->resolved_references();
 151   }
 152 }
 153 
 154 // Create resolved_references array and mapping array for original cp indexes
 155 // The ldc bytecode was rewritten to have the resolved reference array index so need a way
 156 // to map it back for resolving and some unlikely miscellaneous uses.
 157 // The objects created by invokedynamic are appended to this list.
 158 void ConstantPool::initialize_resolved_references(ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
 159                                                   const intStack& reference_map,
 160                                                   int constant_pool_map_length,
 161                                                   TRAPS) {
 162   // Initialized the resolved object cache.
 163   int map_length = reference_map.length();
 164   if (map_length > 0) {
 165     // Only need mapping back to constant pool entries.  The map isn't used for
 166     // invokedynamic resolved_reference entries.  For invokedynamic entries,
 167     // the constant pool cache index has the mapping back to both the constant
 168     // pool and to the resolved reference index.
 169     if (constant_pool_map_length > 0) {
 170       Array<u2>* om = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, constant_pool_map_length, CHECK);
 171 
 172       for (int i = 0; i < constant_pool_map_length; i++) {
 173         int x = reference_map.at(i);
 174         assert(x == (int)(jushort) x, "klass index is too big");
 175         om->at_put(i, (jushort)x);
 176       }
 177       set_reference_map(om);
 178     }
 179 
 180     // Create Java array for holding resolved strings, methodHandles,
 181     // methodTypes, invokedynamic and invokehandle appendix objects, etc.
 182     objArrayOop stom = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
 183     Handle refs_handle (THREAD, (oop)stom);  // must handleize.
 184     set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 185   }
 186 }
 187 
 188 void ConstantPool::allocate_resolved_klasses(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int num_klasses, TRAPS) {
 189   // A ConstantPool can't possibly have 0xffff valid class entries,
 190   // because entry #0 must be CONSTANT_Invalid, and each class entry must refer to a UTF8
 191   // entry for the class's name. So at most we will have 0xfffe class entries.
 192   // This allows us to use 0xffff (ConstantPool::_temp_resolved_klass_index) to indicate
 193   // UnresolvedKlass entries that are temporarily created during class redefinition.
 194   assert(num_klasses < CPKlassSlot::_temp_resolved_klass_index, "sanity");
 195   assert(resolved_klasses() == NULL, "sanity");
 196   Array<Klass*>* rk = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(loader_data, num_klasses, CHECK);
 197   set_resolved_klasses(rk);
 198 }
 199 
 200 void ConstantPool::initialize_unresolved_klasses(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, TRAPS) {
 201   int len = length();
 202   int num_klasses = 0;
 203   for (int i = 1; i <len; i++) {
 204     switch (tag_at(i).value()) {
 205     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
 206       {
 207         const int class_index = klass_index_at(i);
 208         unresolved_klass_at_put(i, class_index, num_klasses++);
 209       }
 210       break;
 211 #ifndef PRODUCT
 212     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 213     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 214     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
 215       // All of these should have been reverted back to ClassIndex before calling
 216       // this function.
 217       ShouldNotReachHere();
 218 #endif
 219     }
 220   }
 221   allocate_resolved_klasses(loader_data, num_klasses, THREAD);
 222 }
 223 
 224 // Anonymous class support:
 225 void ConstantPool::klass_at_put(int class_index, int name_index, int resolved_klass_index, Klass* k, Symbol* name) {
 226   assert(is_within_bounds(class_index), "index out of bounds");
 227   assert(is_within_bounds(name_index), "index out of bounds");
 228   assert((resolved_klass_index & 0xffff0000) == 0, "must be");
 229   *int_at_addr(class_index) =
 230     build_int_from_shorts((jushort)resolved_klass_index, (jushort)name_index);
 231 
 232   symbol_at_put(name_index, name);
 233   name->increment_refcount();
 234   Klass** adr = resolved_klasses()->adr_at(resolved_klass_index);
 235   OrderAccess::release_store(adr, k);
 236 
 237   // The interpreter assumes when the tag is stored, the klass is resolved
 238   // and the Klass* non-NULL, so we need hardware store ordering here.
 239   if (k != NULL) {
 240     release_tag_at_put(class_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
 241   } else {
 242     release_tag_at_put(class_index, JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass);
 243   }
 244 }
 245 
 246 // Anonymous class support:
 247 void ConstantPool::klass_at_put(int class_index, Klass* k) {
 248   assert(k != NULL, "must be valid klass");
 249   CPKlassSlot kslot = klass_slot_at(class_index);
 250   int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 251   Klass** adr = resolved_klasses()->adr_at(resolved_klass_index);
 252   OrderAccess::release_store(adr, k);
 253 
 254   // The interpreter assumes when the tag is stored, the klass is resolved
 255   // and the Klass* non-NULL, so we need hardware store ordering here.
 256   release_tag_at_put(class_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
 257 }
 258 
 259 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 260 // Archive the resolved references
 261 void ConstantPool::archive_resolved_references(Thread* THREAD) {
 262   if (_cache == NULL) {
 263     return; // nothing to do
 264   }
 265 
 266   InstanceKlass *ik = pool_holder();
 267   if (!(ik->is_shared_boot_class() || ik->is_shared_platform_class() ||
 268         ik->is_shared_app_class())) {
 269     // Archiving resolved references for classes from non-builtin loaders
 270     // is not yet supported.
 271     set_resolved_references(NULL);
 272     return;
 273   }
 274 
 275   objArrayOop rr = resolved_references();
 276   Array<u2>* ref_map = reference_map();
 277   if (rr != NULL) {
 278     int ref_map_len = ref_map == NULL ? 0 : ref_map->length();
 279     int rr_len = rr->length();
 280     for (int i = 0; i < rr_len; i++) {
 281       oop p = rr->obj_at(i);
 282       rr->obj_at_put(i, NULL);
 283       if (p != NULL && i < ref_map_len) {
 284         int index = object_to_cp_index(i);
 285         // Skip the entry if the string hash code is 0 since the string
 286         // is not included in the shared string_table, see StringTable::copy_shared_string.
 287         if (tag_at(index).is_string() && java_lang_String::hash_code(p) != 0) {
 288           oop op = StringTable::create_archived_string(p, THREAD);
 289           // If the String object is not archived (possibly too large),
 290           // NULL is returned. Also set it in the array, so we won't
 291           // have a 'bad' reference in the archived resolved_reference
 292           // array.
 293           rr->obj_at_put(i, op);
 294         }
 295       }
 296     }
 297 
 298     oop archived = MetaspaceShared::archive_heap_object(rr, THREAD);
 299     _cache->set_archived_references(archived);
 300     set_resolved_references(NULL);
 301   }
 302 }
 303 
 304 void ConstantPool::resolve_class_constants(TRAPS) {
 305   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "used during dump time only");
 306   // The _cache may be NULL if the _pool_holder klass fails verification
 307   // at dump time due to missing dependencies.
 308   if (cache() == NULL || reference_map() == NULL) {
 309     return; // nothing to do
 310   }
 311 
 312   constantPoolHandle cp(THREAD, this);
 313   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 314     if (tag_at(index).is_string() && !cp->is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
 315       int cache_index = cp->cp_to_object_index(index);
 316       string_at_impl(cp, index, cache_index, CHECK);
 317     }
 318   }
 319 }
 320 #endif
 321 
 322 // CDS support. Create a new resolved_references array.
 323 void ConstantPool::restore_unshareable_info(TRAPS) {
 324   assert(is_constantPool(), "ensure C++ vtable is restored");
 325   assert(on_stack(), "should always be set for shared constant pools");
 326   assert(is_shared(), "should always be set for shared constant pools");
 327   assert(_cache != NULL, "constant pool _cache should not be NULL");
 328 
 329   // Only create the new resolved references array if it hasn't been attempted before
 330   if (resolved_references() != NULL) return;
 331 
 332   // restore the C++ vtable from the shared archive
 333   restore_vtable();
 334 
 335   if (SystemDictionary::Object_klass_loaded()) {
 336     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
 337 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 338     if (MetaspaceShared::open_archive_heap_region_mapped() &&
 339         _cache->archived_references() != NULL) {
 340       oop archived = _cache->archived_references();
 341       // Create handle for the archived resolved reference array object
 342       Handle refs_handle(THREAD, archived);
 343       set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 344     } else
 345 #endif
 346     {
 347       // No mapped archived resolved reference array
 348       // Recreate the object array and add to ClassLoaderData.
 349       int map_length = resolved_reference_length();
 350       if (map_length > 0) {
 351         objArrayOop stom = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
 352         Handle refs_handle(THREAD, (oop)stom);  // must handleize.
 353         set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 354       }
 355     }
 356   }
 357 }
 358 
 359 void ConstantPool::remove_unshareable_info() {
 360   // Resolved references are not in the shared archive.
 361   // Save the length for restoration.  It is not necessarily the same length
 362   // as reference_map.length() if invokedynamic is saved. It is needed when
 363   // re-creating the resolved reference array if archived heap data cannot be map
 364   // at runtime.
 365   set_resolved_reference_length(
 366     resolved_references() != NULL ? resolved_references()->length() : 0);
 367 
 368   // If archiving heap objects is not allowed, clear the resolved references.
 369   // Otherwise, it is cleared after the resolved references array is cached
 370   // (see archive_resolved_references()).
 371   if (!MetaspaceShared::is_heap_object_archiving_allowed()) {
 372     set_resolved_references(NULL);
 373   }
 374 
 375   // Shared ConstantPools are in the RO region, so the _flags cannot be modified.
 376   // The _on_stack flag is used to prevent ConstantPools from deallocation during
 377   // class redefinition. Since shared ConstantPools cannot be deallocated anyway,
 378   // we always set _on_stack to true to avoid having to change _flags during runtime.
 379   _flags |= (_on_stack | _is_shared);
 380   int num_klasses = 0;
 381   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 382     assert(!tag_at(index).is_unresolved_klass_in_error(), "This must not happen during dump time");
 383     if (tag_at(index).is_klass()) {
 384       // This class was resolved as a side effect of executing Java code
 385       // during dump time. We need to restore it back to an UnresolvedClass,
 386       // so that the proper class loading and initialization can happen
 387       // at runtime.
 388       CPKlassSlot kslot = klass_slot_at(index);
 389       int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 390       int name_index = kslot.name_index();
 391       assert(tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
 392       resolved_klasses()->at_put(resolved_klass_index, NULL);
 393       tag_at_put(index, JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass);
 394       assert(klass_name_at(index) == symbol_at(name_index), "sanity");
 395     }
 396   }
 397   if (cache() != NULL) {
 398     cache()->remove_unshareable_info();
 399   }
 400 }
 401 
 402 int ConstantPool::cp_to_object_index(int cp_index) {
 403   // this is harder don't do this so much.
 404   int i = reference_map()->find(cp_index);
 405   // We might not find the index for jsr292 call.
 406   return (i < 0) ? _no_index_sentinel : i;
 407 }
 408 
 409 void ConstantPool::string_at_put(int which, int obj_index, oop str) {
 410   resolved_references()->obj_at_put(obj_index, str);
 411 }
 412 
 413 void ConstantPool::trace_class_resolution(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, Klass* k) {
 414   ResourceMark rm;
 415   int line_number = -1;
 416   const char * source_file = NULL;
 417   if (JavaThread::current()->has_last_Java_frame()) {
 418     // try to identify the method which called this function.
 419     vframeStream vfst(JavaThread::current());
 420     if (!vfst.at_end()) {
 421       line_number = vfst.method()->line_number_from_bci(vfst.bci());
 422       Symbol* s = vfst.method()->method_holder()->source_file_name();
 423       if (s != NULL) {
 424         source_file = s->as_C_string();
 425       }
 426     }
 427   }
 428   if (k != this_cp->pool_holder()) {
 429     // only print something if the classes are different
 430     if (source_file != NULL) {
 431       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s %s:%d",
 432                  this_cp->pool_holder()->external_name(),
 433                  k->external_name(), source_file, line_number);
 434     } else {
 435       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s",
 436                  this_cp->pool_holder()->external_name(),
 437                  k->external_name());
 438     }
 439   }
 440 }
 441 
 442 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which,
 443                                    bool save_resolution_error, TRAPS) {
 444   assert(THREAD->is_Java_thread(), "must be a Java thread");
 445 
 446   // A resolved constantPool entry will contain a Klass*, otherwise a Symbol*.
 447   // It is not safe to rely on the tag bit's here, since we don't have a lock, and
 448   // the entry and tag is not updated atomicly.
 449   CPKlassSlot kslot = this_cp->klass_slot_at(which);
 450   int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 451   int name_index = kslot.name_index();
 452   assert(this_cp->tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
 453 
 454   Klass* klass = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
 455   if (klass != NULL) {
 456     return klass;
 457   }
 458 
 459   // This tag doesn't change back to unresolved class unless at a safepoint.
 460   if (this_cp->tag_at(which).is_unresolved_klass_in_error()) {
 461     // The original attempt to resolve this constant pool entry failed so find the
 462     // class of the original error and throw another error of the same class
 463     // (JVMS 5.4.3).
 464     // If there is a detail message, pass that detail message to the error.
 465     // The JVMS does not strictly require us to duplicate the same detail message,
 466     // or any internal exception fields such as cause or stacktrace.  But since the
 467     // detail message is often a class name or other literal string, we will repeat it
 468     // if we can find it in the symbol table.
 469     throw_resolution_error(this_cp, which, CHECK_0);
 470     ShouldNotReachHere();
 471   }
 472 
 473   Handle mirror_handle;
 474   Symbol* name = this_cp->symbol_at(name_index);
 475   Handle loader (THREAD, this_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader());
 476   Handle protection_domain (THREAD, this_cp->pool_holder()->protection_domain());
 477   Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(name, loader, protection_domain, true, THREAD);
 478   if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 479     // preserve the resolved klass from unloading
 480     mirror_handle = Handle(THREAD, k->java_mirror());
 481     // Do access check for klasses
 482     verify_constant_pool_resolve(this_cp, k, THREAD);
 483   }
 484 
 485   // Failed to resolve class. We must record the errors so that subsequent attempts
 486   // to resolve this constant pool entry fail with the same error (JVMS 5.4.3).
 487   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 488     if (save_resolution_error) {
 489       save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, which, constantTag(JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass), CHECK_NULL);
 490       // If CHECK_NULL above doesn't return the exception, that means that
 491       // some other thread has beaten us and has resolved the class.
 492       // To preserve old behavior, we return the resolved class.
 493       klass = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
 494       assert(klass != NULL, "must be resolved if exception was cleared");
 495       return klass;
 496     } else {
 497       return NULL;  // return the pending exception
 498     }
 499   }
 500 
 501   // Make this class loader depend upon the class loader owning the class reference
 502   ClassLoaderData* this_key = this_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
 503   this_key->record_dependency(k);
 504 
 505   // logging for class+resolve.
 506   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)){
 507     trace_class_resolution(this_cp, k);
 508   }
 509   Klass** adr = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->adr_at(resolved_klass_index);
 510   OrderAccess::release_store(adr, k);
 511   // The interpreter assumes when the tag is stored, the klass is resolved
 512   // and the Klass* stored in _resolved_klasses is non-NULL, so we need
 513   // hardware store ordering here.
 514   this_cp->release_tag_at_put(which, JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
 515   return k;
 516 }
 517 
 518 
 519 // Does not update ConstantPool* - to avoid any exception throwing. Used
 520 // by compiler and exception handling.  Also used to avoid classloads for
 521 // instanceof operations. Returns NULL if the class has not been loaded or
 522 // if the verification of constant pool failed
 523 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which) {
 524   CPKlassSlot kslot = this_cp->klass_slot_at(which);
 525   int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 526   int name_index = kslot.name_index();
 527   assert(this_cp->tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
 528 
 529   Klass* k = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
 530   if (k != NULL) {
 531     return k;
 532   } else {
 533     Thread *thread = Thread::current();
 534     Symbol* name = this_cp->symbol_at(name_index);
 535     oop loader = this_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader();
 536     oop protection_domain = this_cp->pool_holder()->protection_domain();
 537     Handle h_prot (thread, protection_domain);
 538     Handle h_loader (thread, loader);
 539     Klass* k = SystemDictionary::find(name, h_loader, h_prot, thread);
 540 
 541     if (k != NULL) {
 542       // Make sure that resolving is legal
 543       EXCEPTION_MARK;
 544       // return NULL if verification fails
 545       verify_constant_pool_resolve(this_cp, k, THREAD);
 546       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 547         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 548         return NULL;
 549       }
 550       return k;
 551     } else {
 552       return k;
 553     }
 554   }
 555 }
 556 
 557 Method* ConstantPool::method_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool,
 558                                                    int which) {
 559   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 560   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 561   if (!(cache_index >= 0 && cache_index < cpool->cache()->length())) {
 562     // FIXME: should be an assert
 563     log_debug(class, resolve)("bad operand %d in:", which); cpool->print();
 564     return NULL;
 565   }
 566   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 567   return e->method_if_resolved(cpool);
 568 }
 569 
 570 
 571 bool ConstantPool::has_appendix_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 572   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return false;  // nothing to load yet
 573   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 574   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 575   return e->has_appendix();
 576 }
 577 
 578 oop ConstantPool::appendix_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 579   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 580   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 581   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 582   return e->appendix_if_resolved(cpool);
 583 }
 584 
 585 
 586 bool ConstantPool::has_method_type_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 587   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return false;  // nothing to load yet
 588   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 589   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 590   return e->has_method_type();
 591 }
 592 
 593 oop ConstantPool::method_type_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 594   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 595   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 596   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 597   return e->method_type_if_resolved(cpool);
 598 }
 599 
 600 
 601 Symbol* ConstantPool::impl_name_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 602   int name_index = name_ref_index_at(impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which, uncached));
 603   return symbol_at(name_index);
 604 }
 605 
 606 
 607 Symbol* ConstantPool::impl_signature_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 608   int signature_index = signature_ref_index_at(impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which, uncached));
 609   return symbol_at(signature_index);
 610 }
 611 
 612 int ConstantPool::impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 613   int i = which;
 614   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 615     if (ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which)) {
 616       // Invokedynamic index is index into the constant pool cache
 617       int pool_index = invokedynamic_cp_cache_entry_at(which)->constant_pool_index();
 618       pool_index = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(pool_index);
 619       assert(tag_at(pool_index).is_name_and_type(), "");
 620       return pool_index;
 621     }
 622     // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 623     i = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 624   } else {
 625     if (tag_at(which).is_invoke_dynamic() ||
 626         tag_at(which).is_dynamic_constant() ||
 627         tag_at(which).is_dynamic_constant_in_error()) {
 628       int pool_index = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which);
 629       assert(tag_at(pool_index).is_name_and_type(), "");
 630       return pool_index;
 631     }
 632   }
 633   assert(tag_at(i).is_field_or_method(), "Corrupted constant pool");
 634   assert(!tag_at(i).is_invoke_dynamic() &&
 635          !tag_at(i).is_dynamic_constant() &&
 636          !tag_at(i).is_dynamic_constant_in_error(), "Must be handled above");
 637   jint ref_index = *int_at_addr(i);
 638   return extract_high_short_from_int(ref_index);
 639 }
 640 
 641 constantTag ConstantPool::impl_tag_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 642   int pool_index = which;
 643   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 644     if (ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which)) {
 645       // Invokedynamic index is index into resolved_references
 646       pool_index = invokedynamic_cp_cache_entry_at(which)->constant_pool_index();
 647     } else {
 648       // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 649       pool_index = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 650     }
 651   }
 652   return tag_at(pool_index);
 653 }
 654 
 655 int ConstantPool::impl_klass_ref_index_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 656   guarantee(!ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which),
 657             "an invokedynamic instruction does not have a klass");
 658   int i = which;
 659   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 660     // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 661     i = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 662   }
 663   assert(tag_at(i).is_field_or_method(), "Corrupted constant pool");
 664   jint ref_index = *int_at_addr(i);
 665   return extract_low_short_from_int(ref_index);
 666 }
 667 
 668 
 669 
 670 int ConstantPool::remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(int operand) {
 671   int cpc_index = operand;
 672   DEBUG_ONLY(cpc_index -= CPCACHE_INDEX_TAG);
 673   assert((int)(u2)cpc_index == cpc_index, "clean u2");
 674   int member_index = cache()->entry_at(cpc_index)->constant_pool_index();
 675   return member_index;
 676 }
 677 
 678 
 679 void ConstantPool::verify_constant_pool_resolve(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, Klass* k, TRAPS) {
 680   if (!(k->is_instance_klass() || k->is_objArray_klass())) {
 681     return;  // short cut, typeArray klass is always accessible
 682   }
 683   Klass* holder = this_cp->pool_holder();
 684   bool fold_type_to_class = true;
 685   LinkResolver::check_klass_accessability(holder, k, fold_type_to_class, CHECK);
 686 }
 687 
 688 
 689 int ConstantPool::name_ref_index_at(int which_nt) {
 690   jint ref_index = name_and_type_at(which_nt);
 691   return extract_low_short_from_int(ref_index);
 692 }
 693 
 694 
 695 int ConstantPool::signature_ref_index_at(int which_nt) {
 696   jint ref_index = name_and_type_at(which_nt);
 697   return extract_high_short_from_int(ref_index);
 698 }
 699 
 700 
 701 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_ref_at(int which, TRAPS) {
 702   return klass_at(klass_ref_index_at(which), THREAD);
 703 }
 704 
 705 Symbol* ConstantPool::klass_name_at(int which) const {
 706   return symbol_at(klass_slot_at(which).name_index());
 707 }
 708 
 709 Symbol* ConstantPool::klass_ref_at_noresolve(int which) {
 710   jint ref_index = klass_ref_index_at(which);
 711   return klass_at_noresolve(ref_index);
 712 }
 713 
 714 Symbol* ConstantPool::uncached_klass_ref_at_noresolve(int which) {
 715   jint ref_index = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(which);
 716   return klass_at_noresolve(ref_index);
 717 }
 718 
 719 char* ConstantPool::string_at_noresolve(int which) {
 720   return unresolved_string_at(which)->as_C_string();
 721 }
 722 
 723 BasicType ConstantPool::basic_type_for_signature_at(int which) const {
 724   return FieldType::basic_type(symbol_at(which));
 725 }
 726 
 727 
 728 void ConstantPool::resolve_string_constants_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, TRAPS) {
 729   for (int index = 1; index < this_cp->length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 730     if (this_cp->tag_at(index).is_string()) {
 731       this_cp->string_at(index, CHECK);
 732     }
 733   }
 734 }
 735 
 736 Symbol* ConstantPool::exception_message(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, constantTag tag, oop pending_exception) {
 737   // Dig out the detailed message to reuse if possible
 738   Symbol* message = java_lang_Throwable::detail_message(pending_exception);
 739   if (message != NULL) {
 740     return message;
 741   }
 742 
 743   // Return specific message for the tag
 744   switch (tag.value()) {
 745   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 746     // return the class name in the error message
 747     message = this_cp->klass_name_at(which);
 748     break;
 749   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
 750     // return the method handle name in the error message
 751     message = this_cp->method_handle_name_ref_at(which);
 752     break;
 753   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
 754     // return the method type signature in the error message
 755     message = this_cp->method_type_signature_at(which);
 756     break;
 757   default:
 758     ShouldNotReachHere();
 759   }
 760 
 761   return message;
 762 }
 763 
 764 void ConstantPool::throw_resolution_error(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, TRAPS) {
 765   Symbol* message = NULL;
 766   Symbol* error = SystemDictionary::find_resolution_error(this_cp, which, &message);
 767   assert(error != NULL && message != NULL, "checking");
 768   CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 769   ResourceMark rm;
 770   THROW_MSG(error, message->as_C_string());
 771 }
 772 
 773 // If resolution for Class, Dynamic constant, MethodHandle or MethodType fails, save the
 774 // exception in the resolution error table, so that the same exception is thrown again.
 775 void ConstantPool::save_and_throw_exception(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which,
 776                                             constantTag tag, TRAPS) {
 777   Symbol* error = PENDING_EXCEPTION->klass()->name();
 778 
 779   int error_tag = tag.error_value();
 780 
 781   if (!PENDING_EXCEPTION->
 782     is_a(SystemDictionary::LinkageError_klass())) {
 783     // Just throw the exception and don't prevent these classes from
 784     // being loaded due to virtual machine errors like StackOverflow
 785     // and OutOfMemoryError, etc, or if the thread was hit by stop()
 786     // Needs clarification to section 5.4.3 of the VM spec (see 6308271)
 787   } else if (this_cp->tag_at(which).value() != error_tag) {
 788     Symbol* message = exception_message(this_cp, which, tag, PENDING_EXCEPTION);
 789     SystemDictionary::add_resolution_error(this_cp, which, error, message);
 790     // CAS in the tag.  If a thread beat us to registering this error that's fine.
 791     // If another thread resolved the reference, this is a race condition. This
 792     // thread may have had a security manager or something temporary.
 793     // This doesn't deterministically get an error.   So why do we save this?
 794     // We save this because jvmti can add classes to the bootclass path after
 795     // this error, so it needs to get the same error if the error is first.
 796     jbyte old_tag = Atomic::cmpxchg((jbyte)error_tag,
 797                             (jbyte*)this_cp->tag_addr_at(which), (jbyte)tag.value());
 798     if (old_tag != error_tag && old_tag != tag.value()) {
 799       // MethodHandles and MethodType doesn't change to resolved version.
 800       assert(this_cp->tag_at(which).is_klass(), "Wrong tag value");
 801       // Forget the exception and use the resolved class.
 802       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 803     }
 804   } else {
 805     // some other thread put this in error state
 806     throw_resolution_error(this_cp, which, CHECK);
 807   }
 808 }
 809 
 810 BasicType ConstantPool::basic_type_for_constant_at(int which) {
 811   constantTag tag = tag_at(which);
 812   if (tag.is_dynamic_constant() ||
 813       tag.is_dynamic_constant_in_error()) {
 814     // have to look at the signature for this one
 815     Symbol* constant_type = uncached_signature_ref_at(which);
 816     return FieldType::basic_type(constant_type);
 817   }
 818   return tag.basic_type();
 819 }
 820 
 821 // Called to resolve constants in the constant pool and return an oop.
 822 // Some constant pool entries cache their resolved oop. This is also
 823 // called to create oops from constants to use in arguments for invokedynamic
 824 oop ConstantPool::resolve_constant_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp,
 825                                            int index, int cache_index,
 826                                            bool* status_return, TRAPS) {
 827   oop result_oop = NULL;
 828   Handle throw_exception;
 829 
 830   if (cache_index == _possible_index_sentinel) {
 831     // It is possible that this constant is one which is cached in the objects.
 832     // We'll do a linear search.  This should be OK because this usage is rare.
 833     // FIXME: If bootstrap specifiers stress this code, consider putting in
 834     // a reverse index.  Binary search over a short array should do it.
 835     assert(index > 0, "valid index");
 836     cache_index = this_cp->cp_to_object_index(index);
 837   }
 838   assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel || cache_index >= 0, "");
 839   assert(index == _no_index_sentinel || index >= 0, "");
 840 
 841   if (cache_index >= 0) {
 842     result_oop = this_cp->resolved_references()->obj_at(cache_index);
 843     if (result_oop != NULL) {
 844       if (result_oop == Universe::the_null_sentinel()) {
 845         DEBUG_ONLY(int temp_index = (index >= 0 ? index : this_cp->object_to_cp_index(cache_index)));
 846         assert(this_cp->tag_at(temp_index).is_dynamic_constant(), "only condy uses the null sentinel");
 847         result_oop = NULL;
 848       }
 849       if (status_return != NULL)  (*status_return) = true;
 850       return result_oop;
 851       // That was easy...
 852     }
 853     index = this_cp->object_to_cp_index(cache_index);
 854   }
 855 
 856   jvalue prim_value;  // temp used only in a few cases below
 857 
 858   constantTag tag = this_cp->tag_at(index);
 859 
 860   if (status_return != NULL) {
 861     // don't trigger resolution if the constant might need it
 862     switch (tag.value()) {
 863     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 864     {
 865       CPKlassSlot kslot = this_cp->klass_slot_at(index);
 866       int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 867       if (this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index) == NULL) {
 868         (*status_return) = false;
 869         return NULL;
 870       }
 871       // the klass is waiting in the CP; go get it
 872       break;
 873     }
 874     case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
 875     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
 876     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
 877     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
 878     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
 879       // these guys trigger OOM at worst
 880       break;
 881     default:
 882       (*status_return) = false;
 883       return NULL;
 884     }
 885     // from now on there is either success or an OOME
 886     (*status_return) = true;
 887   }
 888 
 889   switch (tag.value()) {
 890 
 891   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 892   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
 893   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 894     {
 895       assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
 896       Klass* resolved = klass_at_impl(this_cp, index, true, CHECK_NULL);
 897       // ldc wants the java mirror.
 898       result_oop = resolved->java_mirror();
 899       break;
 900     }
 901 
 902   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
 903     {
 904       Klass* current_klass  = this_cp->pool_holder();
 905       Symbol* constant_name = this_cp->uncached_name_ref_at(index);
 906       Symbol* constant_type = this_cp->uncached_signature_ref_at(index);
 907 
 908       // The initial step in resolving an unresolved symbolic reference to a
 909       // dynamically-computed constant is to resolve the symbolic reference to a
 910       // method handle which will be the bootstrap method for the dynamically-computed
 911       // constant. If resolution of the java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle for the bootstrap
 912       // method fails, then a MethodHandleInError is stored at the corresponding
 913       // bootstrap method's CP index for the CONSTANT_MethodHandle_info. No need to
 914       // set a DynamicConstantInError here since any subsequent use of this
 915       // bootstrap method will encounter the resolution of MethodHandleInError.
 916       oop bsm_info = this_cp->resolve_bootstrap_specifier_at(index, THREAD);
 917       Exceptions::wrap_dynamic_exception(CHECK_NULL);
 918       assert(bsm_info != NULL, "");
 919       // FIXME: Cache this once per BootstrapMethods entry, not once per CONSTANT_Dynamic.
 920       Handle bootstrap_specifier = Handle(THREAD, bsm_info);
 921 
 922       // Resolve the Dynamically-Computed constant to invoke the BSM in order to obtain the resulting oop.
 923       Handle value = SystemDictionary::link_dynamic_constant(current_klass,
 924                                                              index,
 925                                                              bootstrap_specifier,
 926                                                              constant_name,
 927                                                              constant_type,
 928                                                              THREAD);
 929       result_oop = value();
 930       Exceptions::wrap_dynamic_exception(THREAD);
 931       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 932         // Resolution failure of the dynamically-computed constant, save_and_throw_exception
 933         // will check for a LinkageError and store a DynamicConstantInError.
 934         save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, index, tag, CHECK_NULL);
 935       }
 936       BasicType type = FieldType::basic_type(constant_type);
 937       if (!is_reference_type(type)) {
 938         // Make sure the primitive value is properly boxed.
 939         // This is a JDK responsibility.
 940         const char* fail = NULL;
 941         if (result_oop == NULL) {
 942           fail = "null result instead of box";
 943         } else if (!is_java_primitive(type)) {
 944           // FIXME: support value types via unboxing
 945           fail = "can only handle references and primitives";
 946         } else if (!java_lang_boxing_object::is_instance(result_oop, type)) {
 947           fail = "primitive is not properly boxed";
 948         }
 949         if (fail != NULL) {
 950           // Since this exception is not a LinkageError, throw exception
 951           // but do not save a DynamicInError resolution result.
 952           // See section 5.4.3 of the VM spec.
 953           THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), fail);
 954         }
 955       }
 956       break;
 957     }
 958 
 959   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
 960     assert(cache_index != _no_index_sentinel, "should have been set");
 961     if (this_cp->is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
 962       result_oop = this_cp->pseudo_string_at(index, cache_index);
 963       break;
 964     }
 965     result_oop = string_at_impl(this_cp, index, cache_index, CHECK_NULL);
 966     break;
 967 
 968   case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError:
 969   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
 970   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
 971     {
 972       throw_resolution_error(this_cp, index, CHECK_NULL);
 973       break;
 974     }
 975 
 976   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
 977     {
 978       int ref_kind                 = this_cp->method_handle_ref_kind_at(index);
 979       int callee_index             = this_cp->method_handle_klass_index_at(index);
 980       Symbol*  name =      this_cp->method_handle_name_ref_at(index);
 981       Symbol*  signature = this_cp->method_handle_signature_ref_at(index);
 982       constantTag m_tag  = this_cp->tag_at(this_cp->method_handle_index_at(index));
 983       { ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 984         log_debug(class, resolve)("resolve JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:%d [%d/%d/%d] %s.%s",
 985                               ref_kind, index, this_cp->method_handle_index_at(index),
 986                               callee_index, name->as_C_string(), signature->as_C_string());
 987       }
 988 
 989       Klass* callee = klass_at_impl(this_cp, callee_index, true, CHECK_NULL);
 990 
 991       // Check constant pool method consistency
 992       if ((callee->is_interface() && m_tag.is_method()) ||
 993           ((!callee->is_interface() && m_tag.is_interface_method()))) {
 994         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 995         char buf[400];
 996         jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
 997           "Inconsistent constant pool data in classfile for class %s. "
 998           "Method %s%s at index %d is %s and should be %s",
 999           callee->name()->as_C_string(), name->as_C_string(), signature->as_C_string(), index,
1000           callee->is_interface() ? "CONSTANT_MethodRef" : "CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodRef",
1001           callee->is_interface() ? "CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodRef" : "CONSTANT_MethodRef");
1002         THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), buf);
1003       }
1004 
1005       Klass* klass = this_cp->pool_holder();
1006       Handle value = SystemDictionary::link_method_handle_constant(klass, ref_kind,
1007                                                                    callee, name, signature,
1008                                                                    THREAD);
1009       result_oop = value();
1010       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1011         save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, index, tag, CHECK_NULL);
1012       }
1013       break;
1014     }
1015 
1016   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1017     {
1018       Symbol*  signature = this_cp->method_type_signature_at(index);
1019       { ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1020         log_debug(class, resolve)("resolve JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType [%d/%d] %s",
1021                               index, this_cp->method_type_index_at(index),
1022                               signature->as_C_string());
1023       }
1024       Klass* klass = this_cp->pool_holder();
1025       Handle value = SystemDictionary::find_method_handle_type(signature, klass, THREAD);
1026       result_oop = value();
1027       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1028         save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, index, tag, CHECK_NULL);
1029       }
1030       break;
1031     }
1032 
1033   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1034     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1035     prim_value.i = this_cp->int_at(index);
1036     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_INT, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1037     break;
1038 
1039   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1040     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1041     prim_value.f = this_cp->float_at(index);
1042     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_FLOAT, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1043     break;
1044 
1045   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1046     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1047     prim_value.j = this_cp->long_at(index);
1048     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_LONG, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1049     break;
1050 
1051   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1052     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1053     prim_value.d = this_cp->double_at(index);
1054     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_DOUBLE, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1055     break;
1056 
1057   default:
1058     DEBUG_ONLY( tty->print_cr("*** %p: tag at CP[%d/%d] = %d",
1059                               this_cp(), index, cache_index, tag.value()));
1060     assert(false, "unexpected constant tag");
1061     break;
1062   }
1063 
1064   if (cache_index >= 0) {
1065     // Benign race condition:  resolved_references may already be filled in.
1066     // The important thing here is that all threads pick up the same result.
1067     // It doesn't matter which racing thread wins, as long as only one
1068     // result is used by all threads, and all future queries.
1069     oop new_result = (result_oop == NULL ? Universe::the_null_sentinel() : result_oop);
1070     oop old_result = this_cp->resolved_references()
1071       ->atomic_compare_exchange_oop(cache_index, new_result, NULL);
1072     if (old_result == NULL) {
1073       return result_oop;  // was installed
1074     } else {
1075       // Return the winning thread's result.  This can be different than
1076       // the result here for MethodHandles.
1077       if (old_result == Universe::the_null_sentinel())
1078         old_result = NULL;
1079       return old_result;
1080     }
1081   } else {
1082     assert(result_oop != Universe::the_null_sentinel(), "");
1083     return result_oop;
1084   }
1085 }
1086 
1087 oop ConstantPool::uncached_string_at(int which, TRAPS) {
1088   Symbol* sym = unresolved_string_at(which);
1089   oop str = StringTable::intern(sym, CHECK_(NULL));
1090   assert(java_lang_String::is_instance(str), "must be string");
1091   return str;
1092 }
1093 
1094 
1095 oop ConstantPool::resolve_bootstrap_specifier_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int index, TRAPS) {
1096   assert((this_cp->tag_at(index).is_invoke_dynamic() ||
1097           this_cp->tag_at(index).is_dynamic_constant()), "Corrupted constant pool");
1098   Handle bsm;
1099   int argc;
1100   {
1101     // JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic is an ordered pair of [bootm, name&mtype], plus optional arguments
1102     // JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic is an ordered pair of [bootm, name&ftype], plus optional arguments
1103     // In both cases, the bootm, being a JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle, has its own cache entry.
1104     // It is accompanied by the optional arguments.
1105     int bsm_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index);
1106     oop bsm_oop = this_cp->resolve_possibly_cached_constant_at(bsm_index, CHECK_NULL);
1107     if (!java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle::is_instance(bsm_oop)) {
1108       THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_LinkageError(), "BSM not an MethodHandle");
1109     }
1110 
1111     // Extract the optional static arguments.
1112     argc = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index);
1113 
1114     // if there are no static arguments, return the bsm by itself:
1115     if (argc == 0 && UseBootstrapCallInfo < 2)  return bsm_oop;
1116 
1117     bsm = Handle(THREAD, bsm_oop);
1118   }
1119 
1120   // We are going to return an ordered pair of {bsm, info}, using a 2-array.
1121   objArrayHandle info;
1122   {
1123     objArrayOop info_oop = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), 2, CHECK_NULL);
1124     info = objArrayHandle(THREAD, info_oop);
1125   }
1126 
1127   info->obj_at_put(0, bsm());
1128 
1129   bool use_BSCI;
1130   switch (UseBootstrapCallInfo) {
1131   default: use_BSCI = true;  break;  // stress mode
1132   case 0:  use_BSCI = false; break;  // stress mode
1133   case 1:                            // normal mode
1134     // If we were to support an alternative mode of BSM invocation,
1135     // we'd convert to pull mode here if the BSM could be a candidate
1136     // for that alternative mode.  We can't easily test for things
1137     // like varargs here, but we can get away with approximate testing,
1138     // since the JDK runtime will make up the difference either way.
1139     // For now, exercise the pull-mode path if the BSM is of arity 2,
1140     // or if there is a potential condy loop (see below).
1141     oop mt_oop = java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle::type(bsm());
1142     use_BSCI = (java_lang_invoke_MethodType::ptype_count(mt_oop) == 2);
1143     break;
1144   }
1145 
1146   // Here's a reason to use BSCI even if it wasn't requested:
1147   // If a condy uses a condy argument, we want to avoid infinite
1148   // recursion (condy loops) in the C code.  It's OK in Java,
1149   // because Java has stack overflow checking, so we punt
1150   // potentially cyclic cases from C to Java.
1151   if (!use_BSCI && this_cp->tag_at(index).is_dynamic_constant()) {
1152     bool found_unresolved_condy = false;
1153     for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1154       int arg_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, i);
1155       if (this_cp->tag_at(arg_index).is_dynamic_constant()) {
1156         // potential recursion point condy -> condy
1157         bool found_it = false;
1158         this_cp->find_cached_constant_at(arg_index, found_it, CHECK_NULL);
1159         if (!found_it) { found_unresolved_condy = true; break; }
1160       }
1161     }
1162     if (found_unresolved_condy)
1163       use_BSCI = true;
1164   }
1165 
1166   const int SMALL_ARITY = 5;
1167   if (use_BSCI && argc <= SMALL_ARITY && UseBootstrapCallInfo <= 2) {
1168     // If there are only a few arguments, and none of them need linking,
1169     // push them, instead of asking the JDK runtime to turn around and
1170     // pull them, saving a JVM/JDK transition in some simple cases.
1171     bool all_resolved = true;
1172     for (int i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
1173       bool found_it = false;
1174       int arg_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, i);
1175       this_cp->find_cached_constant_at(arg_index, found_it, CHECK_NULL);
1176       if (!found_it) { all_resolved = false; break; }
1177     }
1178     if (all_resolved)
1179       use_BSCI = false;
1180   }
1181 
1182   if (!use_BSCI) {
1183     // return {bsm, {arg...}}; resolution of arguments is done immediately, before JDK code is called
1184     objArrayOop args_oop = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), argc, CHECK_NULL);
1185     info->obj_at_put(1, args_oop);   // may overwrite with args[0] below
1186     objArrayHandle args(THREAD, args_oop);
1187     copy_bootstrap_arguments_at_impl(this_cp, index, 0, argc, args, 0, true, Handle(), CHECK_NULL);
1188     if (argc == 1) {
1189       // try to discard the singleton array
1190       oop arg_oop = args->obj_at(0);
1191       if (arg_oop != NULL && !arg_oop->is_array()) {
1192         // JVM treats arrays and nulls specially in this position,
1193         // but other things are just single arguments
1194         info->obj_at_put(1, arg_oop);
1195       }
1196     }
1197   } else {
1198     // return {bsm, {arg_count, pool_index}}; JDK code must pull the arguments as needed
1199     typeArrayOop ints_oop = oopFactory::new_typeArray(T_INT, 2, CHECK_NULL);
1200     ints_oop->int_at_put(0, argc);
1201     ints_oop->int_at_put(1, index);
1202     info->obj_at_put(1, ints_oop);
1203   }
1204   return info();
1205 }
1206 
1207 void ConstantPool::copy_bootstrap_arguments_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int index,
1208                                                     int start_arg, int end_arg,
1209                                                     objArrayHandle info, int pos,
1210                                                     bool must_resolve, Handle if_not_available,
1211                                                     TRAPS) {
1212   int argc;
1213   int limit = pos + end_arg - start_arg;
1214   // checks: index in range [0..this_cp->length),
1215   // tag at index, start..end in range [0..argc],
1216   // info array non-null, pos..limit in [0..info.length]
1217   if ((0 >= index    || index >= this_cp->length())  ||
1218       !(this_cp->tag_at(index).is_invoke_dynamic()    ||
1219         this_cp->tag_at(index).is_dynamic_constant()) ||
1220       (0 > start_arg || start_arg > end_arg) ||
1221       (end_arg > (argc = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index))) ||
1222       (0 > pos       || pos > limit)         ||
1223       (info.is_null() || limit > info->length())) {
1224     // An index or something else went wrong; throw an error.
1225     // Since this is an internal API, we don't expect this,
1226     // so we don't bother to craft a nice message.
1227     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_LinkageError(), "bad BSM argument access");
1228   }
1229   // now we can loop safely
1230   int info_i = pos;
1231   for (int i = start_arg; i < end_arg; i++) {
1232     int arg_index = this_cp->invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, i);
1233     oop arg_oop;
1234     if (must_resolve) {
1235       arg_oop = this_cp->resolve_possibly_cached_constant_at(arg_index, CHECK);
1236     } else {
1237       bool found_it = false;
1238       arg_oop = this_cp->find_cached_constant_at(arg_index, found_it, CHECK);
1239       if (!found_it)  arg_oop = if_not_available();
1240     }
1241     info->obj_at_put(info_i++, arg_oop);
1242   }
1243 }
1244 
1245 oop ConstantPool::string_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, int obj_index, TRAPS) {
1246   // If the string has already been interned, this entry will be non-null
1247   oop str = this_cp->resolved_references()->obj_at(obj_index);
1248   assert(str != Universe::the_null_sentinel(), "");
1249   if (str != NULL) return str;
1250   Symbol* sym = this_cp->unresolved_string_at(which);
1251   str = StringTable::intern(sym, CHECK_(NULL));
1252   this_cp->string_at_put(which, obj_index, str);
1253   assert(java_lang_String::is_instance(str), "must be string");
1254   return str;
1255 }
1256 
1257 
1258 bool ConstantPool::klass_name_at_matches(const InstanceKlass* k, int which) {
1259   // Names are interned, so we can compare Symbol*s directly
1260   Symbol* cp_name = klass_name_at(which);
1261   return (cp_name == k->name());
1262 }
1263 
1264 
1265 // Iterate over symbols and decrement ones which are Symbol*s
1266 // This is done during GC.
1267 // Only decrement the UTF8 symbols. Strings point to
1268 // these symbols but didn't increment the reference count.
1269 void ConstantPool::unreference_symbols() {
1270   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
1271     constantTag tag = tag_at(index);
1272     if (tag.is_symbol()) {
1273       symbol_at(index)->decrement_refcount();
1274     }
1275   }
1276 }
1277 
1278 
1279 // Compare this constant pool's entry at index1 to the constant pool
1280 // cp2's entry at index2.
1281 bool ConstantPool::compare_entry_to(int index1, const constantPoolHandle& cp2,
1282        int index2, TRAPS) {
1283 
1284   // The error tags are equivalent to non-error tags when comparing
1285   jbyte t1 = tag_at(index1).non_error_value();
1286   jbyte t2 = cp2->tag_at(index2).non_error_value();
1287 
1288   if (t1 != t2) {
1289     // Not the same entry type so there is nothing else to check. Note
1290     // that this style of checking will consider resolved/unresolved
1291     // class pairs as different.
1292     // From the ConstantPool* API point of view, this is correct
1293     // behavior. See VM_RedefineClasses::merge_constant_pools() to see how this
1294     // plays out in the context of ConstantPool* merging.
1295     return false;
1296   }
1297 
1298   switch (t1) {
1299   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
1300   {
1301     Klass* k1 = klass_at(index1, CHECK_false);
1302     Klass* k2 = cp2->klass_at(index2, CHECK_false);
1303     if (k1 == k2) {
1304       return true;
1305     }
1306   } break;
1307 
1308   case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
1309   {
1310     int recur1 = klass_index_at(index1);
1311     int recur2 = cp2->klass_index_at(index2);
1312     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1313     if (match) {
1314       return true;
1315     }
1316   } break;
1317 
1318   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1319   {
1320     jdouble d1 = double_at(index1);
1321     jdouble d2 = cp2->double_at(index2);
1322     if (d1 == d2) {
1323       return true;
1324     }
1325   } break;
1326 
1327   case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
1328   case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
1329   case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
1330   {
1331     int recur1 = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index1);
1332     int recur2 = cp2->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index2);
1333     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1334     if (match) {
1335       recur1 = uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1336       recur2 = cp2->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1337       match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1338       if (match) {
1339         return true;
1340       }
1341     }
1342   } break;
1343 
1344   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1345   {
1346     jfloat f1 = float_at(index1);
1347     jfloat f2 = cp2->float_at(index2);
1348     if (f1 == f2) {
1349       return true;
1350     }
1351   } break;
1352 
1353   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1354   {
1355     jint i1 = int_at(index1);
1356     jint i2 = cp2->int_at(index2);
1357     if (i1 == i2) {
1358       return true;
1359     }
1360   } break;
1361 
1362   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1363   {
1364     jlong l1 = long_at(index1);
1365     jlong l2 = cp2->long_at(index2);
1366     if (l1 == l2) {
1367       return true;
1368     }
1369   } break;
1370 
1371   case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
1372   {
1373     int recur1 = name_ref_index_at(index1);
1374     int recur2 = cp2->name_ref_index_at(index2);
1375     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1376     if (match) {
1377       recur1 = signature_ref_index_at(index1);
1378       recur2 = cp2->signature_ref_index_at(index2);
1379       match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1380       if (match) {
1381         return true;
1382       }
1383     }
1384   } break;
1385 
1386   case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
1387   {
1388     int recur1 = string_index_at(index1);
1389     int recur2 = cp2->string_index_at(index2);
1390     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1391     if (match) {
1392       return true;
1393     }
1394   } break;
1395 
1396   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
1397   {
1398     Symbol* k1 = klass_name_at(index1);
1399     Symbol* k2 = cp2->klass_name_at(index2);
1400     if (k1 == k2) {
1401       return true;
1402     }
1403   } break;
1404 
1405   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1406   {
1407     int k1 = method_type_index_at(index1);
1408     int k2 = cp2->method_type_index_at(index2);
1409     bool match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1410     if (match) {
1411       return true;
1412     }
1413   } break;
1414 
1415   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
1416   {
1417     int k1 = method_handle_ref_kind_at(index1);
1418     int k2 = cp2->method_handle_ref_kind_at(index2);
1419     if (k1 == k2) {
1420       int i1 = method_handle_index_at(index1);
1421       int i2 = cp2->method_handle_index_at(index2);
1422       bool match = compare_entry_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1423       if (match) {
1424         return true;
1425       }
1426     }
1427   } break;
1428 
1429   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
1430   {
1431     int k1 = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1432     int k2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1433     int i1 = invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index1);
1434     int i2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index2);
1435     // separate statements and variables because CHECK_false is used
1436     bool match_entry = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1437     bool match_operand = compare_operand_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1438     return (match_entry && match_operand);
1439   } break;
1440 
1441   case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
1442   {
1443     int k1 = invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1444     int k2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1445     int i1 = invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index1);
1446     int i2 = cp2->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(index2);
1447     // separate statements and variables because CHECK_false is used
1448     bool match_entry = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1449     bool match_operand = compare_operand_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1450     return (match_entry && match_operand);
1451   } break;
1452 
1453   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
1454   {
1455     Symbol* s1 = unresolved_string_at(index1);
1456     Symbol* s2 = cp2->unresolved_string_at(index2);
1457     if (s1 == s2) {
1458       return true;
1459     }
1460   } break;
1461 
1462   case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
1463   {
1464     Symbol* s1 = symbol_at(index1);
1465     Symbol* s2 = cp2->symbol_at(index2);
1466     if (s1 == s2) {
1467       return true;
1468     }
1469   } break;
1470 
1471   // Invalid is used as the tag for the second constant pool entry
1472   // occupied by JVM_CONSTANT_Double or JVM_CONSTANT_Long. It should
1473   // not be seen by itself.
1474   case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: // fall through
1475 
1476   default:
1477     ShouldNotReachHere();
1478     break;
1479   }
1480 
1481   return false;
1482 } // end compare_entry_to()
1483 
1484 
1485 // Resize the operands array with delta_len and delta_size.
1486 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1487 void ConstantPool::resize_operands(int delta_len, int delta_size, TRAPS) {
1488   int old_len  = operand_array_length(operands());
1489   int new_len  = old_len + delta_len;
1490   int min_len  = (delta_len > 0) ? old_len : new_len;
1491 
1492   int old_size = operands()->length();
1493   int new_size = old_size + delta_size;
1494   int min_size = (delta_size > 0) ? old_size : new_size;
1495 
1496   ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1497   Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, new_size, CHECK);
1498 
1499   // Set index in the resized array for existing elements only
1500   for (int idx = 0; idx < min_len; idx++) {
1501     int offset = operand_offset_at(idx);                       // offset in original array
1502     operand_offset_at_put(new_ops, idx, offset + 2*delta_len); // offset in resized array
1503   }
1504   // Copy the bootstrap specifiers only
1505   Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(operands()->adr_at(2*old_len),
1506                                new_ops->adr_at(2*new_len),
1507                                (min_size - 2*min_len) * sizeof(u2));
1508   // Explicitly deallocate old operands array.
1509   // Note, it is not needed for 7u backport.
1510   if ( operands() != NULL) { // the safety check
1511     MetadataFactory::free_array<u2>(loader_data, operands());
1512   }
1513   set_operands(new_ops);
1514 } // end resize_operands()
1515 
1516 
1517 // Extend the operands array with the length and size of the ext_cp operands.
1518 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1519 void ConstantPool::extend_operands(const constantPoolHandle& ext_cp, TRAPS) {
1520   int delta_len = operand_array_length(ext_cp->operands());
1521   if (delta_len == 0) {
1522     return; // nothing to do
1523   }
1524   int delta_size = ext_cp->operands()->length();
1525 
1526   assert(delta_len  > 0 && delta_size > 0, "extended operands array must be bigger");
1527 
1528   if (operand_array_length(operands()) == 0) {
1529     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1530     Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, delta_size, CHECK);
1531     // The first element index defines the offset of second part
1532     operand_offset_at_put(new_ops, 0, 2*delta_len); // offset in new array
1533     set_operands(new_ops);
1534   } else {
1535     resize_operands(delta_len, delta_size, CHECK);
1536   }
1537 
1538 } // end extend_operands()
1539 
1540 
1541 // Shrink the operands array to a smaller array with new_len length.
1542 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1543 void ConstantPool::shrink_operands(int new_len, TRAPS) {
1544   int old_len = operand_array_length(operands());
1545   if (new_len == old_len) {
1546     return; // nothing to do
1547   }
1548   assert(new_len < old_len, "shrunken operands array must be smaller");
1549 
1550   int free_base  = operand_next_offset_at(new_len - 1);
1551   int delta_len  = new_len - old_len;
1552   int delta_size = 2*delta_len + free_base - operands()->length();
1553 
1554   resize_operands(delta_len, delta_size, CHECK);
1555 
1556 } // end shrink_operands()
1557 
1558 
1559 void ConstantPool::copy_operands(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp,
1560                                  const constantPoolHandle& to_cp,
1561                                  TRAPS) {
1562 
1563   int from_oplen = operand_array_length(from_cp->operands());
1564   int old_oplen  = operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());
1565   if (from_oplen != 0) {
1566     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = to_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1567     // append my operands to the target's operands array
1568     if (old_oplen == 0) {
1569       // Can't just reuse from_cp's operand list because of deallocation issues
1570       int len = from_cp->operands()->length();
1571       Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, len, CHECK);
1572       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(
1573           from_cp->operands()->adr_at(0), new_ops->adr_at(0), len * sizeof(u2));
1574       to_cp->set_operands(new_ops);
1575     } else {
1576       int old_len  = to_cp->operands()->length();
1577       int from_len = from_cp->operands()->length();
1578       int old_off  = old_oplen * sizeof(u2);
1579       int from_off = from_oplen * sizeof(u2);
1580       // Use the metaspace for the destination constant pool
1581       Array<u2>* new_operands = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, old_len + from_len, CHECK);
1582       int fillp = 0, len = 0;
1583       // first part of dest
1584       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(to_cp->operands()->adr_at(0),
1585                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1586                                    (len = old_off) * sizeof(u2));
1587       fillp += len;
1588       // first part of src
1589       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(from_cp->operands()->adr_at(0),
1590                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1591                                    (len = from_off) * sizeof(u2));
1592       fillp += len;
1593       // second part of dest
1594       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(to_cp->operands()->adr_at(old_off),
1595                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1596                                    (len = old_len - old_off) * sizeof(u2));
1597       fillp += len;
1598       // second part of src
1599       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(from_cp->operands()->adr_at(from_off),
1600                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1601                                    (len = from_len - from_off) * sizeof(u2));
1602       fillp += len;
1603       assert(fillp == new_operands->length(), "");
1604 
1605       // Adjust indexes in the first part of the copied operands array.
1606       for (int j = 0; j < from_oplen; j++) {
1607         int offset = operand_offset_at(new_operands, old_oplen + j);
1608         assert(offset == operand_offset_at(from_cp->operands(), j), "correct copy");
1609         offset += old_len;  // every new tuple is preceded by old_len extra u2's
1610         operand_offset_at_put(new_operands, old_oplen + j, offset);
1611       }
1612 
1613       // replace target operands array with combined array
1614       to_cp->set_operands(new_operands);
1615     }
1616   }
1617 } // end copy_operands()
1618 
1619 
1620 // Copy this constant pool's entries at start_i to end_i (inclusive)
1621 // to the constant pool to_cp's entries starting at to_i. A total of
1622 // (end_i - start_i) + 1 entries are copied.
1623 void ConstantPool::copy_cp_to_impl(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp, int start_i, int end_i,
1624        const constantPoolHandle& to_cp, int to_i, TRAPS) {
1625 
1626 
1627   int dest_i = to_i;  // leave original alone for debug purposes
1628 
1629   for (int src_i = start_i; src_i <= end_i; /* see loop bottom */ ) {
1630     copy_entry_to(from_cp, src_i, to_cp, dest_i, CHECK);
1631 
1632     switch (from_cp->tag_at(src_i).value()) {
1633     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1634     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1635       // double and long take two constant pool entries
1636       src_i += 2;
1637       dest_i += 2;
1638       break;
1639 
1640     default:
1641       // all others take one constant pool entry
1642       src_i++;
1643       dest_i++;
1644       break;
1645     }
1646   }
1647   copy_operands(from_cp, to_cp, CHECK);
1648 
1649 } // end copy_cp_to_impl()
1650 
1651 
1652 // Copy this constant pool's entry at from_i to the constant pool
1653 // to_cp's entry at to_i.
1654 void ConstantPool::copy_entry_to(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp, int from_i,
1655                                         const constantPoolHandle& to_cp, int to_i,
1656                                         TRAPS) {
1657 
1658   int tag = from_cp->tag_at(from_i).value();
1659   switch (tag) {
1660   case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
1661   {
1662     jint ki = from_cp->klass_index_at(from_i);
1663     to_cp->klass_index_at_put(to_i, ki);
1664   } break;
1665 
1666   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1667   {
1668     jdouble d = from_cp->double_at(from_i);
1669     to_cp->double_at_put(to_i, d);
1670     // double takes two constant pool entries so init second entry's tag
1671     to_cp->tag_at_put(to_i + 1, JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid);
1672   } break;
1673 
1674   case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
1675   {
1676     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1677     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1678     to_cp->field_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1679   } break;
1680 
1681   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1682   {
1683     jfloat f = from_cp->float_at(from_i);
1684     to_cp->float_at_put(to_i, f);
1685   } break;
1686 
1687   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1688   {
1689     jint i = from_cp->int_at(from_i);
1690     to_cp->int_at_put(to_i, i);
1691   } break;
1692 
1693   case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
1694   {
1695     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1696     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1697     to_cp->interface_method_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1698   } break;
1699 
1700   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1701   {
1702     jlong l = from_cp->long_at(from_i);
1703     to_cp->long_at_put(to_i, l);
1704     // long takes two constant pool entries so init second entry's tag
1705     to_cp->tag_at_put(to_i + 1, JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid);
1706   } break;
1707 
1708   case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
1709   {
1710     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1711     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1712     to_cp->method_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1713   } break;
1714 
1715   case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
1716   {
1717     int name_ref_index = from_cp->name_ref_index_at(from_i);
1718     int signature_ref_index = from_cp->signature_ref_index_at(from_i);
1719     to_cp->name_and_type_at_put(to_i, name_ref_index, signature_ref_index);
1720   } break;
1721 
1722   case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
1723   {
1724     jint si = from_cp->string_index_at(from_i);
1725     to_cp->string_index_at_put(to_i, si);
1726   } break;
1727 
1728   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
1729   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
1730   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
1731   {
1732     // Revert to JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex
1733     int name_index = from_cp->klass_slot_at(from_i).name_index();
1734     assert(from_cp->tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
1735     to_cp->klass_index_at_put(to_i, name_index);
1736   } break;
1737 
1738   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
1739   {
1740     Symbol* s = from_cp->unresolved_string_at(from_i);
1741     to_cp->unresolved_string_at_put(to_i, s);
1742   } break;
1743 
1744   case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
1745   {
1746     Symbol* s = from_cp->symbol_at(from_i);
1747     // Need to increase refcount, the old one will be thrown away and deferenced
1748     s->increment_refcount();
1749     to_cp->symbol_at_put(to_i, s);
1750   } break;
1751 
1752   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1753   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
1754   {
1755     jint k = from_cp->method_type_index_at(from_i);
1756     to_cp->method_type_index_at_put(to_i, k);
1757   } break;
1758 
1759   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
1760   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
1761   {
1762     int k1 = from_cp->method_handle_ref_kind_at(from_i);
1763     int k2 = from_cp->method_handle_index_at(from_i);
1764     to_cp->method_handle_index_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1765   } break;
1766 
1767   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
1768   case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError:
1769   {
1770     int k1 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(from_i);
1771     int k2 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1772     k1 += operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());  // to_cp might already have operands
1773     to_cp->dynamic_constant_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1774   } break;
1775 
1776   case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
1777   {
1778     int k1 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_specifier_index(from_i);
1779     int k2 = from_cp->invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1780     k1 += operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());  // to_cp might already have operands
1781     to_cp->invoke_dynamic_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1782   } break;
1783 
1784   // Invalid is used as the tag for the second constant pool entry
1785   // occupied by JVM_CONSTANT_Double or JVM_CONSTANT_Long. It should
1786   // not be seen by itself.
1787   case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: // fall through
1788 
1789   default:
1790   {
1791     ShouldNotReachHere();
1792   } break;
1793   }
1794 } // end copy_entry_to()
1795 
1796 // Search constant pool search_cp for an entry that matches this
1797 // constant pool's entry at pattern_i. Returns the index of a
1798 // matching entry or zero (0) if there is no matching entry.
1799 int ConstantPool::find_matching_entry(int pattern_i,
1800       const constantPoolHandle& search_cp, TRAPS) {
1801 
1802   // index zero (0) is not used
1803   for (int i = 1; i < search_cp->length(); i++) {
1804     bool found = compare_entry_to(pattern_i, search_cp, i, CHECK_0);
1805     if (found) {
1806       return i;
1807     }
1808   }
1809 
1810   return 0;  // entry not found; return unused index zero (0)
1811 } // end find_matching_entry()
1812 
1813 
1814 // Compare this constant pool's bootstrap specifier at idx1 to the constant pool
1815 // cp2's bootstrap specifier at idx2.
1816 bool ConstantPool::compare_operand_to(int idx1, const constantPoolHandle& cp2, int idx2, TRAPS) {
1817   int k1 = operand_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(idx1);
1818   int k2 = cp2->operand_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(idx2);
1819   bool match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1820 
1821   if (!match) {
1822     return false;
1823   }
1824   int argc = operand_argument_count_at(idx1);
1825   if (argc == cp2->operand_argument_count_at(idx2)) {
1826     for (int j = 0; j < argc; j++) {
1827       k1 = operand_argument_index_at(idx1, j);
1828       k2 = cp2->operand_argument_index_at(idx2, j);
1829       match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1830       if (!match) {
1831         return false;
1832       }
1833     }
1834     return true;           // got through loop; all elements equal
1835   }
1836   return false;
1837 } // end compare_operand_to()
1838 
1839 // Search constant pool search_cp for a bootstrap specifier that matches
1840 // this constant pool's bootstrap specifier at pattern_i index.
1841 // Return the index of a matching bootstrap specifier or (-1) if there is no match.
1842 int ConstantPool::find_matching_operand(int pattern_i,
1843                     const constantPoolHandle& search_cp, int search_len, TRAPS) {
1844   for (int i = 0; i < search_len; i++) {
1845     bool found = compare_operand_to(pattern_i, search_cp, i, CHECK_(-1));
1846     if (found) {
1847       return i;
1848     }
1849   }
1850   return -1;  // bootstrap specifier not found; return unused index (-1)
1851 } // end find_matching_operand()
1852 
1853 
1854 #ifndef PRODUCT
1855 
1856 const char* ConstantPool::printable_name_at(int which) {
1857 
1858   constantTag tag = tag_at(which);
1859 
1860   if (tag.is_string()) {
1861     return string_at_noresolve(which);
1862   } else if (tag.is_klass() || tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
1863     return klass_name_at(which)->as_C_string();
1864   } else if (tag.is_symbol()) {
1865     return symbol_at(which)->as_C_string();
1866   }
1867   return "";
1868 }
1869 
1870 #endif // PRODUCT
1871 
1872 
1873 // JVMTI GetConstantPool support
1874 
1875 // For debugging of constant pool
1876 const bool debug_cpool = false;
1877 
1878 #define DBG(code) do { if (debug_cpool) { (code); } } while(0)
1879 
1880 static void print_cpool_bytes(jint cnt, u1 *bytes) {
1881   const char* WARN_MSG = "Must not be such entry!";
1882   jint size = 0;
1883   u2   idx1, idx2;
1884 
1885   for (jint idx = 1; idx < cnt; idx++) {
1886     jint ent_size = 0;
1887     u1   tag  = *bytes++;
1888     size++;                       // count tag
1889 
1890     printf("const #%03d, tag: %02d ", idx, tag);
1891     switch(tag) {
1892       case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: {
1893         printf("Invalid");
1894         break;
1895       }
1896       case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode: {
1897         printf("Unicode      %s", WARN_MSG);
1898         break;
1899       }
1900       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
1901         u2 len = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1902         char str[128];
1903         if (len > 127) {
1904            len = 127;
1905         }
1906         strncpy(str, (char *) (bytes+2), len);
1907         str[len] = '\0';
1908         printf("Utf8          \"%s\"", str);
1909         ent_size = 2 + len;
1910         break;
1911       }
1912       case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer: {
1913         u4 val = Bytes::get_Java_u4(bytes);
1914         printf("int          %d", *(int *) &val);
1915         ent_size = 4;
1916         break;
1917       }
1918       case JVM_CONSTANT_Float: {
1919         u4 val = Bytes::get_Java_u4(bytes);
1920         printf("float        %5.3ff", *(float *) &val);
1921         ent_size = 4;
1922         break;
1923       }
1924       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long: {
1925         u8 val = Bytes::get_Java_u8(bytes);
1926         printf("long         " INT64_FORMAT, (int64_t) *(jlong *) &val);
1927         ent_size = 8;
1928         idx++; // Long takes two cpool slots
1929         break;
1930       }
1931       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
1932         u8 val = Bytes::get_Java_u8(bytes);
1933         printf("double       %5.3fd", *(jdouble *)&val);
1934         ent_size = 8;
1935         idx++; // Double takes two cpool slots
1936         break;
1937       }
1938       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class: {
1939         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1940         printf("class        #%03d", idx1);
1941         ent_size = 2;
1942         break;
1943       }
1944       case JVM_CONSTANT_String: {
1945         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1946         printf("String       #%03d", idx1);
1947         ent_size = 2;
1948         break;
1949       }
1950       case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref: {
1951         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1952         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1953         printf("Field        #%03d, #%03d", (int) idx1, (int) idx2);
1954         ent_size = 4;
1955         break;
1956       }
1957       case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref: {
1958         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1959         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1960         printf("Method       #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1961         ent_size = 4;
1962         break;
1963       }
1964       case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: {
1965         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1966         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1967         printf("InterfMethod #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1968         ent_size = 4;
1969         break;
1970       }
1971       case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
1972         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1973         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1974         printf("NameAndType  #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1975         ent_size = 4;
1976         break;
1977       }
1978       case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
1979         printf("ClassIndex  %s", WARN_MSG);
1980         break;
1981       }
1982       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass: {
1983         printf("UnresolvedClass: %s", WARN_MSG);
1984         break;
1985       }
1986       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
1987         printf("UnresolvedClassInErr: %s", WARN_MSG);
1988         break;
1989       }
1990       case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: {
1991         printf("StringIndex: %s", WARN_MSG);
1992         break;
1993       }
1994     }
1995     printf(";\n");
1996     bytes += ent_size;
1997     size  += ent_size;
1998   }
1999   printf("Cpool size: %d\n", size);
2000   fflush(0);
2001   return;
2002 } /* end print_cpool_bytes */
2003 
2004 
2005 // Returns size of constant pool entry.
2006 jint ConstantPool::cpool_entry_size(jint idx) {
2007   switch(tag_at(idx).value()) {
2008     case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid:
2009     case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode:
2010       return 1;
2011 
2012     case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
2013       return 3 + symbol_at(idx)->utf8_length();
2014 
2015     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
2016     case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
2017     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
2018     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
2019     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
2020     case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
2021     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
2022     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
2023       return 3;
2024 
2025     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
2026     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
2027       return 4; //tag, ref_kind, ref_index
2028 
2029     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
2030     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
2031     case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
2032     case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
2033     case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
2034     case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
2035       return 5;
2036 
2037     case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
2038     case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError:
2039     case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
2040       // u1 tag, u2 bsm, u2 nt
2041       return 5;
2042 
2043     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
2044     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
2045       return 9;
2046   }
2047   assert(false, "cpool_entry_size: Invalid constant pool entry tag");
2048   return 1;
2049 } /* end cpool_entry_size */
2050 
2051 
2052 // SymbolHashMap is used to find a constant pool index from a string.
2053 // This function fills in SymbolHashMaps, one for utf8s and one for
2054 // class names, returns size of the cpool raw bytes.
2055 jint ConstantPool::hash_entries_to(SymbolHashMap *symmap,
2056                                           SymbolHashMap *classmap) {
2057   jint size = 0;
2058 
2059   for (u2 idx = 1; idx < length(); idx++) {
2060     u2 tag = tag_at(idx).value();
2061     size += cpool_entry_size(idx);
2062 
2063     switch(tag) {
2064       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
2065         Symbol* sym = symbol_at(idx);
2066         symmap->add_entry(sym, idx);
2067         DBG(printf("adding symbol entry %s = %d\n", sym->as_utf8(), idx));
2068         break;
2069       }
2070       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
2071       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
2072       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2073         Symbol* sym = klass_name_at(idx);
2074         classmap->add_entry(sym, idx);
2075         DBG(printf("adding class entry %s = %d\n", sym->as_utf8(), idx));
2076         break;
2077       }
2078       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
2079       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
2080         idx++; // Both Long and Double take two cpool slots
2081         break;
2082       }
2083     }
2084   }
2085   return size;
2086 } /* end hash_utf8_entries_to */
2087 
2088 
2089 // Copy cpool bytes.
2090 // Returns:
2091 //    0, in case of OutOfMemoryError
2092 //   -1, in case of internal error
2093 //  > 0, count of the raw cpool bytes that have been copied
2094 int ConstantPool::copy_cpool_bytes(int cpool_size,
2095                                           SymbolHashMap* tbl,
2096                                           unsigned char *bytes) {
2097   u2   idx1, idx2;
2098   jint size  = 0;
2099   jint cnt   = length();
2100   unsigned char *start_bytes = bytes;
2101 
2102   for (jint idx = 1; idx < cnt; idx++) {
2103     u1   tag      = tag_at(idx).value();
2104     jint ent_size = cpool_entry_size(idx);
2105 
2106     assert(size + ent_size <= cpool_size, "Size mismatch");
2107 
2108     *bytes = tag;
2109     DBG(printf("#%03hd tag=%03hd, ", (short)idx, (short)tag));
2110     switch(tag) {
2111       case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: {
2112         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid"));
2113         break;
2114       }
2115       case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode: {
2116         assert(false, "Wrong constant pool tag: JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode");
2117         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode"));
2118         break;
2119       }
2120       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
2121         Symbol* sym = symbol_at(idx);
2122         char*     str = sym->as_utf8();
2123         // Warning! It's crashing on x86 with len = sym->utf8_length()
2124         int       len = (int) strlen(str);
2125         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), (u2) len);
2126         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
2127             bytes[3+i] = (u1) str[i];
2128         }
2129         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: %s ", str));
2130         break;
2131       }
2132       case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer: {
2133         jint val = int_at(idx);
2134         Bytes::put_Java_u4((address) (bytes+1), *(u4*)&val);
2135         break;
2136       }
2137       case JVM_CONSTANT_Float: {
2138         jfloat val = float_at(idx);
2139         Bytes::put_Java_u4((address) (bytes+1), *(u4*)&val);
2140         break;
2141       }
2142       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long: {
2143         jlong val = long_at(idx);
2144         Bytes::put_Java_u8((address) (bytes+1), *(u8*)&val);
2145         idx++;             // Long takes two cpool slots
2146         break;
2147       }
2148       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
2149         jdouble val = double_at(idx);
2150         Bytes::put_Java_u8((address) (bytes+1), *(u8*)&val);
2151         idx++;             // Double takes two cpool slots
2152         break;
2153       }
2154       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
2155       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
2156       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2157         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_Class;
2158         Symbol* sym = klass_name_at(idx);
2159         idx1 = tbl->symbol_to_value(sym);
2160         assert(idx1 != 0, "Have not found a hashtable entry");
2161         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2162         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Class: idx=#%03hd, %s", idx1, sym->as_utf8()));
2163         break;
2164       }
2165       case JVM_CONSTANT_String: {
2166         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_String;
2167         Symbol* sym = unresolved_string_at(idx);
2168         idx1 = tbl->symbol_to_value(sym);
2169         assert(idx1 != 0, "Have not found a hashtable entry");
2170         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2171         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_String: idx=#%03hd, %s", idx1, sym->as_utf8()));
2172         break;
2173       }
2174       case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
2175       case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
2176       case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: {
2177         idx1 = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(idx);
2178         idx2 = uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx);
2179         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2180         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2181         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2182         break;
2183       }
2184       case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
2185         idx1 = name_ref_index_at(idx);
2186         idx2 = signature_ref_index_at(idx);
2187         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2188         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2189         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2190         break;
2191       }
2192       case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
2193         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_Class;
2194         idx1 = klass_index_at(idx);
2195         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2196         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: %hd", idx1));
2197         break;
2198       }
2199       case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: {
2200         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_String;
2201         idx1 = string_index_at(idx);
2202         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2203         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: %hd", idx1));
2204         break;
2205       }
2206       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
2207       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError: {
2208         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle;
2209         int kind = method_handle_ref_kind_at(idx);
2210         idx1 = method_handle_index_at(idx);
2211         *(bytes+1) = (unsigned char) kind;
2212         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+2), idx1);
2213         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle: %d %hd", kind, idx1));
2214         break;
2215       }
2216       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
2217       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError: {
2218         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType;
2219         idx1 = method_type_index_at(idx);
2220         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2221         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType: %hd", idx1));
2222         break;
2223       }
2224       case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
2225       case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError: {
2226         *bytes = tag;
2227         idx1 = extract_low_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2228         idx2 = extract_high_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2229         assert(idx2 == invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx), "correct half of u4");
2230         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2231         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2232         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2233         break;
2234       }
2235       case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic: {
2236         *bytes = tag;
2237         idx1 = extract_low_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2238         idx2 = extract_high_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2239         assert(idx2 == invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx), "correct half of u4");
2240         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2241         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2242         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2243         break;
2244       }
2245     }
2246     DBG(printf("\n"));
2247     bytes += ent_size;
2248     size  += ent_size;
2249   }
2250   assert(size == cpool_size, "Size mismatch");
2251 
2252   // Keep temorarily for debugging until it's stable.
2253   DBG(print_cpool_bytes(cnt, start_bytes));
2254   return (int)(bytes - start_bytes);
2255 } /* end copy_cpool_bytes */
2256 
2257 #undef DBG
2258 
2259 
2260 void ConstantPool::set_on_stack(const bool value) {
2261   if (value) {
2262     // Only record if it's not already set.
2263     if (!on_stack()) {
2264       assert(!is_shared(), "should always be set for shared constant pools");
2265       _flags |= _on_stack;
2266       MetadataOnStackMark::record(this);
2267     }
2268   } else {
2269     // Clearing is done single-threadedly.
2270     if (!is_shared()) {
2271       _flags &= ~_on_stack;
2272     }
2273   }
2274 }
2275 
2276 // JSR 292 support for patching constant pool oops after the class is linked and
2277 // the oop array for resolved references are created.
2278 // We can't do this during classfile parsing, which is how the other indexes are
2279 // patched.  The other patches are applied early for some error checking
2280 // so only defer the pseudo_strings.
2281 void ConstantPool::patch_resolved_references(GrowableArray<Handle>* cp_patches) {
2282   for (int index = 1; index < cp_patches->length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
2283     Handle patch = cp_patches->at(index);
2284     if (patch.not_null()) {
2285       assert (tag_at(index).is_string(), "should only be string left");
2286       // Patching a string means pre-resolving it.
2287       // The spelling in the constant pool is ignored.
2288       // The constant reference may be any object whatever.
2289       // If it is not a real interned string, the constant is referred
2290       // to as a "pseudo-string", and must be presented to the CP
2291       // explicitly, because it may require scavenging.
2292       int obj_index = cp_to_object_index(index);
2293       pseudo_string_at_put(index, obj_index, patch());
2294      DEBUG_ONLY(cp_patches->at_put(index, Handle());)
2295     }
2296   }
2297 #ifdef ASSERT
2298   // Ensure that all the patches have been used.
2299   for (int index = 0; index < cp_patches->length(); index++) {
2300     assert(cp_patches->at(index).is_null(),
2301            "Unused constant pool patch at %d in class file %s",
2302            index,
2303            pool_holder()->external_name());
2304   }
2305 #endif // ASSERT
2306 }
2307 
2308 #ifndef PRODUCT
2309 
2310 // CompileTheWorld support. Preload all classes loaded references in the passed in constantpool
2311 void ConstantPool::preload_and_initialize_all_classes(ConstantPool* obj, TRAPS) {
2312   guarantee(obj->is_constantPool(), "object must be constant pool");
2313   constantPoolHandle cp(THREAD, (ConstantPool*)obj);
2314   guarantee(cp->pool_holder() != NULL, "must be fully loaded");
2315 
2316   for (int i = 0; i< cp->length();  i++) {
2317     if (cp->tag_at(i).is_unresolved_klass()) {
2318       // This will force loading of the class
2319       Klass* klass = cp->klass_at(i, CHECK);
2320       if (klass->is_instance_klass()) {
2321         // Force initialization of class
2322         InstanceKlass::cast(klass)->initialize(CHECK);
2323       }
2324     }
2325   }
2326 }
2327 
2328 #endif
2329 
2330 
2331 // Printing
2332 
2333 void ConstantPool::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
2334   assert(is_constantPool(), "must be constantPool");
2335   st->print_cr("%s", internal_name());
2336   if (flags() != 0) {
2337     st->print(" - flags: 0x%x", flags());
2338     if (has_preresolution()) st->print(" has_preresolution");
2339     if (on_stack()) st->print(" on_stack");
2340     st->cr();
2341   }
2342   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2343     st->print_cr(" - holder: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(pool_holder()));
2344   }
2345   st->print_cr(" - cache: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(cache()));
2346   st->print_cr(" - resolved_references: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(resolved_references()));
2347   st->print_cr(" - reference_map: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(reference_map()));
2348   st->print_cr(" - resolved_klasses: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(resolved_klasses()));
2349 
2350   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) {      // Index 0 is unused
2351     ((ConstantPool*)this)->print_entry_on(index, st);
2352     switch (tag_at(index).value()) {
2353       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long :
2354       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double :
2355         index++;   // Skip entry following eigth-byte constant
2356     }
2357 
2358   }
2359   st->cr();
2360 }
2361 
2362 // Print one constant pool entry
2363 void ConstantPool::print_entry_on(const int index, outputStream* st) {
2364   EXCEPTION_MARK;
2365   st->print(" - %3d : ", index);
2366   tag_at(index).print_on(st);
2367   st->print(" : ");
2368   switch (tag_at(index).value()) {
2369     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class :
2370       { Klass* k = klass_at(index, CATCH);
2371         guarantee(k != NULL, "need klass");
2372         k->print_value_on(st);
2373         st->print(" {" PTR_FORMAT "}", p2i(k));
2374       }
2375       break;
2376     case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref :
2377     case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref :
2378     case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref :
2379       st->print("klass_index=%d", uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index));
2380       st->print(" name_and_type_index=%d", uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
2381       break;
2382     case JVM_CONSTANT_String :
2383       if (is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
2384         oop anObj = pseudo_string_at(index);
2385         anObj->print_value_on(st);
2386         st->print(" {" PTR_FORMAT "}", p2i(anObj));
2387       } else {
2388         unresolved_string_at(index)->print_value_on(st);
2389       }
2390       break;
2391     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer :
2392       st->print("%d", int_at(index));
2393       break;
2394     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float :
2395       st->print("%f", float_at(index));
2396       break;
2397     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long :
2398       st->print_jlong(long_at(index));
2399       break;
2400     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double :
2401       st->print("%lf", double_at(index));
2402       break;
2403     case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType :
2404       st->print("name_index=%d", name_ref_index_at(index));
2405       st->print(" signature_index=%d", signature_ref_index_at(index));
2406       break;
2407     case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8 :
2408       symbol_at(index)->print_value_on(st);
2409       break;
2410     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
2411         int name_index = *int_at_addr(index);
2412         st->print("klass_index=%d ", name_index);
2413         symbol_at(name_index)->print_value_on(st);
2414       }
2415       break;
2416     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass :               // fall-through
2417     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2418         CPKlassSlot kslot = klass_slot_at(index);
2419         int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
2420         int name_index = kslot.name_index();
2421         assert(tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
2422 
2423         Klass* klass = resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
2424         if (klass != NULL) {
2425           klass->print_value_on(st);
2426         } else {
2427           symbol_at(name_index)->print_value_on(st);
2428         }
2429       }
2430       break;
2431     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle :
2432     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError :
2433       st->print("ref_kind=%d", method_handle_ref_kind_at(index));
2434       st->print(" ref_index=%d", method_handle_index_at(index));
2435       break;
2436     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType :
2437     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError :
2438       st->print("signature_index=%d", method_type_index_at(index));
2439       break;
2440     case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic :
2441     case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError :
2442       {
2443         st->print("bootstrap_method_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index));
2444         st->print(" type_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
2445         int argc = invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index);
2446         if (argc > 0) {
2447           for (int arg_i = 0; arg_i < argc; arg_i++) {
2448             int arg = invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, arg_i);
2449             st->print((arg_i == 0 ? " arguments={%d" : ", %d"), arg);
2450           }
2451           st->print("}");
2452         }
2453       }
2454       break;
2455     case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic :
2456       {
2457         st->print("bootstrap_method_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index));
2458         st->print(" name_and_type_index=%d", invoke_dynamic_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
2459         int argc = invoke_dynamic_argument_count_at(index);
2460         if (argc > 0) {
2461           for (int arg_i = 0; arg_i < argc; arg_i++) {
2462             int arg = invoke_dynamic_argument_index_at(index, arg_i);
2463             st->print((arg_i == 0 ? " arguments={%d" : ", %d"), arg);
2464           }
2465           st->print("}");
2466         }
2467       }
2468       break;
2469     default:
2470       ShouldNotReachHere();
2471       break;
2472   }
2473   st->cr();
2474 }
2475 
2476 void ConstantPool::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
2477   assert(is_constantPool(), "must be constantPool");
2478   st->print("constant pool [%d]", length());
2479   if (has_preresolution()) st->print("/preresolution");
2480   if (operands() != NULL)  st->print("/operands[%d]", operands()->length());
2481   print_address_on(st);
2482   st->print(" for ");
2483   pool_holder()->print_value_on(st);
2484   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2485     bool extra = (pool_holder()->constants() != this);
2486     if (extra)  st->print(" (extra)");
2487   }
2488   if (cache() != NULL) {
2489     st->print(" cache=" PTR_FORMAT, p2i(cache()));
2490   }
2491 }
2492 
2493 #if INCLUDE_SERVICES
2494 // Size Statistics
2495 void ConstantPool::collect_statistics(KlassSizeStats *sz) const {
2496   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_bytes          = sz->count(this));
2497   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_tags_bytes     = sz->count_array(tags()));
2498   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_cache_bytes    = sz->count(cache()));
2499   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_operands_bytes = sz->count_array(operands()));
2500   sz->_cp_all_bytes += (sz->_cp_refmap_bytes   = sz->count_array(reference_map()));
2501 
2502   sz->_ro_bytes += sz->_cp_operands_bytes + sz->_cp_tags_bytes +
2503                    sz->_cp_refmap_bytes;
2504   sz->_rw_bytes += sz->_cp_bytes + sz->_cp_cache_bytes;
2505 }
2506 #endif // INCLUDE_SERVICES
2507 
2508 // Verification
2509 
2510 void ConstantPool::verify_on(outputStream* st) {
2511   guarantee(is_constantPool(), "object must be constant pool");
2512   for (int i = 0; i< length();  i++) {
2513     constantTag tag = tag_at(i);
2514     if (tag.is_klass() || tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
2515       guarantee(klass_name_at(i)->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2516     } else if (tag.is_symbol()) {
2517       CPSlot entry = slot_at(i);
2518       guarantee(entry.get_symbol()->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2519     } else if (tag.is_string()) {
2520       CPSlot entry = slot_at(i);
2521       guarantee(entry.get_symbol()->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2522     }
2523   }
2524   if (cache() != NULL) {
2525     // Note: cache() can be NULL before a class is completely setup or
2526     // in temporary constant pools used during constant pool merging
2527     guarantee(cache()->is_constantPoolCache(), "should be constant pool cache");
2528   }
2529   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2530     // Note: pool_holder() can be NULL in temporary constant pools
2531     // used during constant pool merging
2532     guarantee(pool_holder()->is_klass(),    "should be klass");
2533   }
2534 }
2535 
2536 
2537 SymbolHashMap::~SymbolHashMap() {
2538   SymbolHashMapEntry* next;
2539   for (int i = 0; i < _table_size; i++) {
2540     for (SymbolHashMapEntry* cur = bucket(i); cur != NULL; cur = next) {
2541       next = cur->next();
2542       delete(cur);
2543     }
2544   }
2545   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(SymbolHashMapBucket, _buckets);
2546 }
2547 
2548 void SymbolHashMap::add_entry(Symbol* sym, u2 value) {
2549   char *str = sym->as_utf8();
2550   unsigned int hash = compute_hash(str, sym->utf8_length());
2551   unsigned int index = hash % table_size();
2552 
2553   // check if already in map
2554   // we prefer the first entry since it is more likely to be what was used in
2555   // the class file
2556   for (SymbolHashMapEntry *en = bucket(index); en != NULL; en = en->next()) {
2557     assert(en->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2558     if (en->hash() == hash && en->symbol() == sym) {
2559         return;  // already there
2560     }
2561   }
2562 
2563   SymbolHashMapEntry* entry = new SymbolHashMapEntry(hash, sym, value);
2564   entry->set_next(bucket(index));
2565   _buckets[index].set_entry(entry);
2566   assert(entry->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2567 }
2568 
2569 SymbolHashMapEntry* SymbolHashMap::find_entry(Symbol* sym) {
2570   assert(sym != NULL, "SymbolHashMap::find_entry - symbol is NULL");
2571   char *str = sym->as_utf8();
2572   int   len = sym->utf8_length();
2573   unsigned int hash = SymbolHashMap::compute_hash(str, len);
2574   unsigned int index = hash % table_size();
2575   for (SymbolHashMapEntry *en = bucket(index); en != NULL; en = en->next()) {
2576     assert(en->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2577     if (en->hash() == hash && en->symbol() == sym) {
2578       return en;
2579     }
2580   }
2581   return NULL;
2582 }
2583 
2584 void SymbolHashMap::initialize_table(int table_size) {
2585   _table_size = table_size;
2586   _buckets = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(SymbolHashMapBucket, table_size, mtSymbol);
2587   for (int index = 0; index < table_size; index++) {
2588     _buckets[index].clear();
2589   }
2590 }