src/share/classes/java/lang/Long.java

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*** 1,7 **** /* ! * Copyright (c) 1994, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. * * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this --- 1,7 ---- /* ! * Copyright (c) 1994, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. * * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
*** 23,32 **** --- 23,34 ---- * questions. */ package java.lang; + import java.math.*; + /** * The {@code Long} class wraps a value of the primitive type {@code * long} in an object. An object of type {@code Long} contains a * single field whose type is {@code long}. *
*** 138,160 **** return new String(buf, charPos, (65 - charPos)); } /** * Returns a string representation of the {@code long} * argument as an unsigned integer in base&nbsp;16. * * <p>The unsigned {@code long} value is the argument plus * 2<sup>64</sup> if the argument is negative; otherwise, it is * equal to the argument. This value is converted to a string of * ASCII digits in hexadecimal (base&nbsp;16) with no extra ! * leading {@code 0}s. If the unsigned magnitude is zero, it ! * is represented by a single zero character {@code '0'} ! * (<code>'&#92;u0030'</code>); otherwise, the first character of ! * the representation of the unsigned magnitude will not be the ! * zero character. The following characters are used as ! * hexadecimal digits: * * <blockquote> * {@code 0123456789abcdef} * </blockquote> * --- 140,245 ---- return new String(buf, charPos, (65 - charPos)); } /** + * Returns an unsigned string representation of the first argument + * in the radix specified by the second argument. + * + * <p>If the radix is smaller than {@code Character.MIN_RADIX} + * or larger than {@code Character.MAX_RADIX}, then the radix + * {@code 10} is used instead. + * + * <p>Note that since the first argument is treated as an unsigned + * value, no leading sign character is printed. + * + * <p>If the magnitude is zero, it is represented by a single zero + * character {@code '0'} (<code>'&#92;u0030'</code>); otherwise, + * the first character of the representation of the magnitude will + * not be the zero character. + * + * <p>The characters used as digits and the behavior of radixes + * is the same as {@link #toString(long, int) toString}. + * + * @param i an integer to be converted to an unsigned string. + * @param radix the radix to use in the string representation. + * @return an unsigned string representation of the argument in the specified radix. + * @see #toString(long, int) + * @since 1.8 + */ + public static String toUnsignedString(long i, int radix) { + if (i >= 0) + return toString(i, radix); + else { + switch (radix) { + case 2: + return toBinaryString(i); + + case 4: + return toUnsignedString0(i, 2); + + case 8: + return toOctalString(i); + + case 10: + /* + * We can get the effect of an unsigned division by 10 + * on a long value by first shifting right, yielding a + * positive value, and then dividing by 5. This + * allows the last digit and preceding digits to be + * isolated more quickly than by an initial conversion + * to BigInteger. + */ + long quot = (i >>> 1) / 5; + long rem = i - quot * 10; + return toString(quot) + rem; + + case 16: + return toHexString(i); + + case 32: + return toUnsignedString0(i, 5); + + default: + return toUnsignedBigInteger(i).toString(radix); + } + } + } + + /** + * Return a BigInteger equal to the unsigned value of the + * argument. + */ + private static BigInteger toUnsignedBigInteger(long i) { + int upper = (int) ((i >> 32) & 0xffffffff); + int lower = (int) i; + + // return (upper << 32) + lower + return (BigInteger.valueOf(Integer.toUnsignedLong(upper))).shiftLeft(32). + add(BigInteger.valueOf(Integer.toUnsignedLong(lower))); + } + + /** * Returns a string representation of the {@code long} * argument as an unsigned integer in base&nbsp;16. * * <p>The unsigned {@code long} value is the argument plus * 2<sup>64</sup> if the argument is negative; otherwise, it is * equal to the argument. This value is converted to a string of * ASCII digits in hexadecimal (base&nbsp;16) with no extra ! * leading {@code 0}s. ! * ! * <p>The value of the argument can be recovered from the returned ! * string {@code s} by calling {@link ! * Long#parseUnsignedLong(String, int) Long.parseUnsignedLong(s, ! * 16)}. ! * ! * <p>If the unsigned magnitude is zero, it is represented by a ! * single zero character {@code '0'} (<code>'&#92;u0030'</code>); ! * otherwise, the first character of the representation of the ! * unsigned magnitude will not be the zero character. The ! * following characters are used as hexadecimal digits: * * <blockquote> * {@code 0123456789abcdef} * </blockquote> *
*** 170,183 **** * * @param i a {@code long} to be converted to a string. * @return the string representation of the unsigned {@code long} * value represented by the argument in hexadecimal * (base&nbsp;16). * @since JDK 1.0.2 */ public static String toHexString(long i) { ! return toUnsignedString(i, 4); } /** * Returns a string representation of the {@code long} * argument as an unsigned integer in base&nbsp;8. --- 255,270 ---- * * @param i a {@code long} to be converted to a string. * @return the string representation of the unsigned {@code long} * value represented by the argument in hexadecimal * (base&nbsp;16). + * @see #parseUnsignedLong(String, int) + * @see #toUnsignedString(long, int) * @since JDK 1.0.2 */ public static String toHexString(long i) { ! return toUnsignedString0(i, 4); } /** * Returns a string representation of the {@code long} * argument as an unsigned integer in base&nbsp;8.
*** 186,201 **** * 2<sup>64</sup> if the argument is negative; otherwise, it is * equal to the argument. This value is converted to a string of * ASCII digits in octal (base&nbsp;8) with no extra leading * {@code 0}s. * * <p>If the unsigned magnitude is zero, it is represented by a ! * single zero character {@code '0'} ! * (<code>'&#92;u0030'</code>); otherwise, the first character of ! * the representation of the unsigned magnitude will not be the ! * zero character. The following characters are used as octal ! * digits: * * <blockquote> * {@code 01234567} * </blockquote> * --- 273,292 ---- * 2<sup>64</sup> if the argument is negative; otherwise, it is * equal to the argument. This value is converted to a string of * ASCII digits in octal (base&nbsp;8) with no extra leading * {@code 0}s. * + * <p>The value of the argument can be recovered from the returned + * string {@code s} by calling {@link + * Long#parseUnsignedLong(String, int) Long.parseUnsignedLong(s, + * 8)}. + * * <p>If the unsigned magnitude is zero, it is represented by a ! * single zero character {@code '0'} (<code>'&#92;u0030'</code>); ! * otherwise, the first character of the representation of the ! * unsigned magnitude will not be the zero character. The ! * following characters are used as octal digits: * * <blockquote> * {@code 01234567} * </blockquote> *
*** 203,247 **** * <code>'&#92;u0037'</code>. * * @param i a {@code long} to be converted to a string. * @return the string representation of the unsigned {@code long} * value represented by the argument in octal (base&nbsp;8). * @since JDK 1.0.2 */ public static String toOctalString(long i) { ! return toUnsignedString(i, 3); } /** * Returns a string representation of the {@code long} * argument as an unsigned integer in base&nbsp;2. * * <p>The unsigned {@code long} value is the argument plus * 2<sup>64</sup> if the argument is negative; otherwise, it is * equal to the argument. This value is converted to a string of * ASCII digits in binary (base&nbsp;2) with no extra leading ! * {@code 0}s. If the unsigned magnitude is zero, it is ! * represented by a single zero character {@code '0'} ! * (<code>'&#92;u0030'</code>); otherwise, the first character of ! * the representation of the unsigned magnitude will not be the ! * zero character. The characters {@code '0'} ! * (<code>'&#92;u0030'</code>) and {@code '1'} ! * (<code>'&#92;u0031'</code>) are used as binary digits. * * @param i a {@code long} to be converted to a string. * @return the string representation of the unsigned {@code long} * value represented by the argument in binary (base&nbsp;2). * @since JDK 1.0.2 */ public static String toBinaryString(long i) { ! return toUnsignedString(i, 1); } /** * Convert the integer to an unsigned number. */ ! private static String toUnsignedString(long i, int shift) { char[] buf = new char[64]; int charPos = 64; int radix = 1 << shift; long mask = radix - 1; do { --- 294,348 ---- * <code>'&#92;u0037'</code>. * * @param i a {@code long} to be converted to a string. * @return the string representation of the unsigned {@code long} * value represented by the argument in octal (base&nbsp;8). + * @see #parseUnsignedLong(String, int) + * @see #toUnsignedString(long, int) * @since JDK 1.0.2 */ public static String toOctalString(long i) { ! return toUnsignedString0(i, 3); } /** * Returns a string representation of the {@code long} * argument as an unsigned integer in base&nbsp;2. * * <p>The unsigned {@code long} value is the argument plus * 2<sup>64</sup> if the argument is negative; otherwise, it is * equal to the argument. This value is converted to a string of * ASCII digits in binary (base&nbsp;2) with no extra leading ! * {@code 0}s. ! * ! * <p>The value of the argument can be recovered from the returned ! * string {@code s} by calling {@link ! * Long#parseUnsignedLong(String, int) Long.parseUnsignedLong(s, ! * 2)}. ! * ! * <p>If the unsigned magnitude is zero, it is represented by a ! * single zero character {@code '0'} (<code>'&#92;u0030'</code>); ! * otherwise, the first character of the representation of the ! * unsigned magnitude will not be the zero character. The ! * characters {@code '0'} (<code>'&#92;u0030'</code>) and {@code ! * '1'} (<code>'&#92;u0031'</code>) are used as binary digits. * * @param i a {@code long} to be converted to a string. * @return the string representation of the unsigned {@code long} * value represented by the argument in binary (base&nbsp;2). + * @see #parseUnsignedLong(String, int) + * @see #toUnsignedString(long, int) * @since JDK 1.0.2 */ public static String toBinaryString(long i) { ! return toUnsignedString0(i, 1); } /** * Convert the integer to an unsigned number. */ ! private static String toUnsignedString0(long i, int shift) { char[] buf = new char[64]; int charPos = 64; int radix = 1 << shift; long mask = radix - 1; do {
*** 269,278 **** --- 370,396 ---- getChars(i, size, buf); return new String(0, size, buf); } /** + * Returns an unsigned string representation of the argument. + * + * The argument is converted to unsigned decimal representation + * and returned as a string exactly as if the argument and radix + * 10 were given as arguments to the {@link #toUnsignedString(long, + * int)} method. + * + * @param i an integer to be converted to an unsigned string. + * @return an unsigned string representation of the argument. + * @see #toUnsignedString(long, int) + * @since 1.8 + */ + public static String toUnsignedString(long i) { + return toUnsignedString(i, 10); + } + + /** * Places characters representing the integer i into the * character array buf. The characters are placed into * the buffer backwards starting with the least significant * digit at the specified index (exclusive), and working * backwards from there.
*** 483,492 **** --- 601,709 ---- public static long parseLong(String s) throws NumberFormatException { return parseLong(s, 10); } /** + * Parses the string argument as an unsigned integer in the radix + * specified by the second argument. + * + * The characters in the string must all be digits of the + * specified radix (as determined by whether {@link + * java.lang.Character#digit(char, int)} returns a nonnegative + * value), except that the first character may be an ASCII plus + * sign {@code '+'} (<code>'&#92;u002B'</code>). The resulting + * integer value is returned. + * + * <p>An exception of type {@code NumberFormatException} is + * thrown if any of the following situations occurs: + * <ul> + * <li>The first argument is {@code null} or is a string of + * length zero. + * + * <li>The radix is either smaller than + * {@link java.lang.Character#MIN_RADIX} or + * larger than {@link java.lang.Character#MAX_RADIX}. + * + * <li>Any character of the string is not a digit of the specified + * radix, except that the first character may be a plus sign + * {@code '+'} (<code>'&#92;u002B'</code>) provided that the + * string is longer than length 1. + * + * <li>The value represented by the string is larger than the + * largest unsigned {@code long}, 2<sup>64</sup>-1. + * + * </ul> + * + * + * @param s the {@code String} containing the unsigned integer + * representation to be parsed + * @param radix the radix to be used while parsing {@code s}. + * @return the integer represented by the string argument in the + * specified radix. + * @throws NumberFormatException if the {@code String} + * does not contain a parsable {@code long}. + * @since 1.8 + */ + public static long parseUnsignedLong(String s, int radix) + throws NumberFormatException { + if (s == null) { + throw new NumberFormatException("null"); + } + + int len = s.length(); + if (len > 0) { + char firstChar = s.charAt(0); + if (firstChar == '-') { + throw new + NumberFormatException(String.format("Illegal leading minus sign " + + "on unsigned string %s.", s)); + } else { + if (len <= 12 || // Long.MAX_VALUE in Character.MAX_RADIX is 13 digits + (radix == 10 && len <= 18) ) { // Long.MAX_VALUE in base 10 is 19 digits + return parseLong(s, radix); + } + + // For simplicty, use BigInteger for parsing + BigInteger bi = new BigInteger(s, radix); + + // Largest *unsigned* value is all ones in binary + BigInteger limit = toUnsignedBigInteger(-1L); + + if (bi.compareTo(limit) <= 0) { + return bi.longValue(); + } else { + throw new + NumberFormatException(String.format("String value %s exceeds " + + "range of unsigned long.", s)); + } + } + } else { + throw NumberFormatException.forInputString(s); + } + } + + /** + * Parses the string argument as an unsigned decimal integer. The + * characters in the string must all be decimal digits, except + * that the first character may be an an ASCII plus sign {@code + * '+'} (<code>'&#92;u002B'</code>). The resulting integer value + * is returned, exactly as if the argument and the radix 10 were + * given as arguments to the {@link + * #parseUnsignedLong(java.lang.String, int)} method. + * + * @param s a {@code String} containing the unsigned {@code long} + * representation to be parsed + * @return the unsigned integer value represented by the argument in decimal. + * @throws NumberFormatException if the string does not contain a + * parsable unsigned integer. + * @since 1.8 + */ + public static long parseUnsignedLong(String s) throws NumberFormatException { + return parseUnsignedLong(s, 10); + } + + /** * Returns a {@code Long} object holding the value * extracted from the specified {@code String} when parsed * with the radix given by the second argument. The first * argument is interpreted as representing a signed * {@code long} in the radix specified by the second
*** 975,984 **** --- 1192,1267 ---- */ public static int compare(long x, long y) { return (x < y) ? -1 : ((x == y) ? 0 : 1); } + /** + * Compares two {@code long} values numerically treating the values + * as unsigned. + * + * @param x the first {@code long} to compare + * @param y the second {@code long} to compare + * @return the value {@code 0} if {@code x == y}; a value less + * than {@code 0} if {@code x < y} as unsigned values; and + * a value greater than {@code 0} if {@code x > y} as + * unsigned values + * @since 1.8 + */ + public static int compareUnsigned(long x, long y) { + return compare(x + MIN_VALUE, y + MIN_VALUE); + } + + + /** + * Returns the unsigned quotient of dividing the first argument by + * the second where each argument is interpreted as an unsigned + * value. + * + * In other words, return the unsigned value of {@code + * (dividend / divisor)}. + * + * @return the unsigned quotient of the first argument divided by + * the second argument + * @param dividend the value to be divided + * @param divisor the value doing the dividing + * @since 1.8 + */ + public static long divideUnsigned(long dividend, long divisor) { + if (divisor < 0L) { // signed comparison + // Answer must be 0 or 1 depending on relative magnitude + // of dividiend and divisor. + return (compareUnsigned(dividend, divisor)) < 0 ? 0L :1L; + } + + /* + * For simple code, leveraging BigInteger. Longer and faster + * code written directly in terms of operations on longs is + * possible; see "Hacker's Delight" for divide and remainder + * algorithms. + */ + return toUnsignedBigInteger(dividend). + divide(toUnsignedBigInteger(divisor)).longValue(); + } + + /** + * Returns the unsigned remainder from dividing the first argument by + * the second where each argument is interpreted as an unsigned + * value. + * + * In other words, return the unsigned value of {@code + * (dividend % divisor)}. + * + * @return the unsigned remainder of the first argument divided by + * the second argument + * @param dividend the value to be divided + * @param divisor the value doing the dividing + * @since 1.8 + */ + public static long remainderUnsigned(long dividend, long divisor) { + return toUnsignedBigInteger(dividend). + remainder(toUnsignedBigInteger(divisor)).longValue(); + } // Bit Twiddling /** * The number of bits used to represent a {@code long} value in two's