1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1994, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 package java.lang;
  27 
  28 /**
  29  * The class {@code Exception} and its subclasses are a form of
  30  * {@code Throwable} that indicates conditions that a reasonable
  31  * application might want to catch.
  32  *
  33  * <p>The class {@code Exception} and any subclasses that are not also
  34  * subclasses of {@link RuntimeException} are <em>checked
  35  * exceptions</em>.  Checked exceptions need to be declared in a
  36  * method or constructor's {@code throws} clause if they can be thrown
  37  * by the execution of the method or constructor and propagate outside
  38  * the method or constructor boundary.
  39  *
  40  * @author  Frank Yellin
  41  * @see     java.lang.Error
  42  * @jls3 11.2 Compile-Time Checking of Exceptions
  43  * @since   JDK1.0
  44  */
  45 public class Exception extends Throwable {
  46     static final long serialVersionUID = -3387516993124229948L;
  47 
  48     /**
  49      * Constructs a new exception with {@code null} as its detail message.
  50      * The cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be initialized by a
  51      * call to {@link #initCause}.
  52      */
  53     public Exception() {
  54         super();
  55     }
  56 
  57     /**
  58      * Constructs a new exception with the specified detail message.  The
  59      * cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be initialized by
  60      * a call to {@link #initCause}.
  61      *
  62      * @param   message   the detail message. The detail message is saved for
  63      *          later retrieval by the {@link #getMessage()} method.
  64      */
  65     public Exception(String message) {
  66         super(message);
  67     }
  68 
  69     /**
  70      * Constructs a new exception with the specified detail message and
  71      * cause.  <p>Note that the detail message associated with
  72      * {@code cause} is <i>not</i> automatically incorporated in
  73      * this exception's detail message.
  74      *
  75      * @param  message the detail message (which is saved for later retrieval
  76      *         by the {@link #getMessage()} method).
  77      * @param  cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the
  78      *         {@link #getCause()} method).  (A <tt>null</tt> value is
  79      *         permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or
  80      *         unknown.)
  81      * @since  1.4
  82      */
  83     public Exception(String message, Throwable cause) {
  84         super(message, cause);
  85     }
  86 
  87     /**
  88      * Constructs a new exception with the specified cause and a detail
  89      * message of <tt>(cause==null ? null : cause.toString())</tt> (which
  90      * typically contains the class and detail message of <tt>cause</tt>).
  91      * This constructor is useful for exceptions that are little more than
  92      * wrappers for other throwables (for example, {@link
  93      * java.security.PrivilegedActionException}).
  94      *
  95      * @param  cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the
  96      *         {@link #getCause()} method).  (A <tt>null</tt> value is
  97      *         permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or
  98      *         unknown.)
  99      * @since  1.4
 100      */
 101     public Exception(Throwable cause) {
 102         super(cause);
 103     }
 104 
 105     /**
 106      * Constructs a new exception with the specified detail message,
 107      * cause, suppression enabled or disabled, and writable stack
 108      * trace enabled or disabled.
 109      *
 110      * @param  message the detail message.
 111      * @param cause the cause.  (A {@code null} value is permitted,
 112      * and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or unknown.)
 113      * @param enableSuppression whether or not suppression is enabled
 114      *                          or disabled
 115      * @param writableStackTrace whether or not the stack trace should
 116      *                           be writable
 117      * @since 1.7
 118      */
 119     protected Exception(String message, Throwable cause,
 120                         boolean enableSuppression,
 121                         boolean writableStackTrace) {
 122         super(message, cause, enableSuppression, writableStackTrace);
 123     }
 124 }