1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 
  27 package java.util.logging;
  28 
  29 import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
  30 import java.lang.reflect.Module;
  31 import java.security.AccessController;
  32 import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
  33 import java.util.ArrayList;
  34 import java.util.Iterator;
  35 import java.util.Locale;
  36 import java.util.MissingResourceException;
  37 import java.util.Objects;
  38 import java.util.ResourceBundle;
  39 import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
  40 import java.util.function.Supplier;
  41 import sun.reflect.CallerSensitive;
  42 import sun.reflect.Reflection;
  43 
  44 /**
  45  * A Logger object is used to log messages for a specific
  46  * system or application component.  Loggers are normally named,
  47  * using a hierarchical dot-separated namespace.  Logger names
  48  * can be arbitrary strings, but they should normally be based on
  49  * the package name or class name of the logged component, such
  50  * as java.net or javax.swing.  In addition it is possible to create
  51  * "anonymous" Loggers that are not stored in the Logger namespace.
  52  * <p>
  53  * Logger objects may be obtained by calls on one of the getLogger
  54  * factory methods.  These will either create a new Logger or
  55  * return a suitable existing Logger. It is important to note that
  56  * the Logger returned by one of the {@code getLogger} factory methods
  57  * may be garbage collected at any time if a strong reference to the
  58  * Logger is not kept.
  59  * <p>
  60  * Logging messages will be forwarded to registered Handler
  61  * objects, which can forward the messages to a variety of
  62  * destinations, including consoles, files, OS logs, etc.
  63  * <p>
  64  * Each Logger keeps track of a "parent" Logger, which is its
  65  * nearest existing ancestor in the Logger namespace.
  66  * <p>
  67  * Each Logger has a "Level" associated with it.  This reflects
  68  * a minimum Level that this logger cares about.  If a Logger's
  69  * level is set to {@code null}, then its effective level is inherited
  70  * from its parent, which may in turn obtain it recursively from its
  71  * parent, and so on up the tree.
  72  * <p>
  73  * The log level can be configured based on the properties from the
  74  * logging configuration file, as described in the description
  75  * of the LogManager class.  However it may also be dynamically changed
  76  * by calls on the Logger.setLevel method.  If a logger's level is
  77  * changed the change may also affect child loggers, since any child
  78  * logger that has {@code null} as its level will inherit its
  79  * effective level from its parent.
  80  * <p>
  81  * On each logging call the Logger initially performs a cheap
  82  * check of the request level (e.g., SEVERE or FINE) against the
  83  * effective log level of the logger.  If the request level is
  84  * lower than the log level, the logging call returns immediately.
  85  * <p>
  86  * After passing this initial (cheap) test, the Logger will allocate
  87  * a LogRecord to describe the logging message.  It will then call a
  88  * Filter (if present) to do a more detailed check on whether the
  89  * record should be published.  If that passes it will then publish
  90  * the LogRecord to its output Handlers.  By default, loggers also
  91  * publish to their parent's Handlers, recursively up the tree.
  92  * <p>
  93  * Each Logger may have a {@code ResourceBundle} associated with it.
  94  * The {@code ResourceBundle} may be specified by name, using the
  95  * {@link #getLogger(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)} factory
  96  * method, or by value - using the {@link
  97  * #setResourceBundle(java.util.ResourceBundle) setResourceBundle} method.
  98  * This bundle will be used for localizing logging messages.
  99  * If a Logger does not have its own {@code ResourceBundle} or resource bundle
 100  * name, then it will inherit the {@code ResourceBundle} or resource bundle name
 101  * from its parent, recursively up the tree.
 102  * <p>
 103  * Most of the logger output methods take a "msg" argument.  This
 104  * msg argument may be either a raw value or a localization key.
 105  * During formatting, if the logger has (or inherits) a localization
 106  * {@code ResourceBundle} and if the {@code ResourceBundle} has a mapping for
 107  * the msg string, then the msg string is replaced by the localized value.
 108  * Otherwise the original msg string is used.  Typically, formatters use
 109  * java.text.MessageFormat style formatting to format parameters, so
 110  * for example a format string "{0} {1}" would format two parameters
 111  * as strings.
 112  * <p>
 113  * A set of methods alternatively take a "msgSupplier" instead of a "msg"
 114  * argument.  These methods take a {@link Supplier}{@code <String>} function
 115  * which is invoked to construct the desired log message only when the message
 116  * actually is to be logged based on the effective log level thus eliminating
 117  * unnecessary message construction. For example, if the developer wants to
 118  * log system health status for diagnosis, with the String-accepting version,
 119  * the code would look like:
 120  * <pre>{@code
 121  *
 122  *  class DiagnosisMessages {
 123  *    static String systemHealthStatus() {
 124  *      // collect system health information
 125  *      ...
 126  *    }
 127  *  }
 128  *  ...
 129  *  logger.log(Level.FINER, DiagnosisMessages.systemHealthStatus());
 130  * }</pre>
 131  * With the above code, the health status is collected unnecessarily even when
 132  * the log level FINER is disabled. With the Supplier-accepting version as
 133  * below, the status will only be collected when the log level FINER is
 134  * enabled.
 135  * <pre>{@code
 136  *
 137  *  logger.log(Level.FINER, DiagnosisMessages::systemHealthStatus);
 138  * }</pre>
 139  * <p>
 140  * When looking for a {@code ResourceBundle}, the logger will first look at
 141  * whether a bundle was specified using {@link
 142  * #setResourceBundle(java.util.ResourceBundle) setResourceBundle}, and then
 143  * only whether a resource bundle name was specified through the {@link
 144  * #getLogger(java.lang.String, java.lang.String) getLogger} factory method.
 145  * If no {@code ResourceBundle} or no resource bundle name is found,
 146  * then it will use the nearest {@code ResourceBundle} or resource bundle
 147  * name inherited from its parent tree.<br>
 148  * When a {@code ResourceBundle} was inherited or specified through the
 149  * {@link
 150  * #setResourceBundle(java.util.ResourceBundle) setResourceBundle} method, then
 151  * that {@code ResourceBundle} will be used. Otherwise if the logger only
 152  * has or inherited a resource bundle name, then that resource bundle name
 153  * will be mapped to a {@code ResourceBundle} object, using the default Locale
 154  * at the time of logging.
 155  * <br id="ResourceBundleMapping">When mapping resource bundle names to
 156  * {@code ResourceBundle} objects, the logger will first try to use the
 157  * Thread's {@linkplain java.lang.Thread#getContextClassLoader() context class
 158  * loader} to map the given resource bundle name to a {@code ResourceBundle}.
 159  * If the thread context class loader is {@code null}, it will try the
 160  * {@linkplain java.lang.ClassLoader#getSystemClassLoader() system class loader}
 161  * instead.  If the {@code ResourceBundle} is still not found, it will use the
 162  * class loader of the first caller of the {@link
 163  * #getLogger(java.lang.String, java.lang.String) getLogger} factory method.
 164  * <p>
 165  * Formatting (including localization) is the responsibility of
 166  * the output Handler, which will typically call a Formatter.
 167  * <p>
 168  * Note that formatting need not occur synchronously.  It may be delayed
 169  * until a LogRecord is actually written to an external sink.
 170  * <p>
 171  * The logging methods are grouped in five main categories:
 172  * <ul>
 173  * <li><p>
 174  *     There are a set of "log" methods that take a log level, a message
 175  *     string, and optionally some parameters to the message string.
 176  * <li><p>
 177  *     There are a set of "logp" methods (for "log precise") that are
 178  *     like the "log" methods, but also take an explicit source class name
 179  *     and method name.
 180  * <li><p>
 181  *     There are a set of "logrb" method (for "log with resource bundle")
 182  *     that are like the "logp" method, but also take an explicit resource
 183  *     bundle object for use in localizing the log message.
 184  * <li><p>
 185  *     There are convenience methods for tracing method entries (the
 186  *     "entering" methods), method returns (the "exiting" methods) and
 187  *     throwing exceptions (the "throwing" methods).
 188  * <li><p>
 189  *     Finally, there are a set of convenience methods for use in the
 190  *     very simplest cases, when a developer simply wants to log a
 191  *     simple string at a given log level.  These methods are named
 192  *     after the standard Level names ("severe", "warning", "info", etc.)
 193  *     and take a single argument, a message string.
 194  * </ul>
 195  * <p>
 196  * For the methods that do not take an explicit source name and
 197  * method name, the Logging framework will make a "best effort"
 198  * to determine which class and method called into the logging method.
 199  * However, it is important to realize that this automatically inferred
 200  * information may only be approximate (or may even be quite wrong!).
 201  * Virtual machines are allowed to do extensive optimizations when
 202  * JITing and may entirely remove stack frames, making it impossible
 203  * to reliably locate the calling class and method.
 204  * <P>
 205  * All methods on Logger are multi-thread safe.
 206  * <p>
 207  * <b>Subclassing Information:</b> Note that a LogManager class may
 208  * provide its own implementation of named Loggers for any point in
 209  * the namespace.  Therefore, any subclasses of Logger (unless they
 210  * are implemented in conjunction with a new LogManager class) should
 211  * take care to obtain a Logger instance from the LogManager class and
 212  * should delegate operations such as "isLoggable" and "log(LogRecord)"
 213  * to that instance.  Note that in order to intercept all logging
 214  * output, subclasses need only override the log(LogRecord) method.
 215  * All the other logging methods are implemented as calls on this
 216  * log(LogRecord) method.
 217  *
 218  * @since 1.4
 219  */
 220 public class Logger {
 221     private static final Handler emptyHandlers[] = new Handler[0];
 222     private static final int offValue = Level.OFF.intValue();
 223 
 224     static final String SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME = "sun.util.logging.resources.logging";
 225 
 226     // This class is immutable and it is important that it remains so.
 227     private static final class LoggerBundle {
 228         final String resourceBundleName; // Base name of the bundle.
 229         final ResourceBundle userBundle; // Bundle set through setResourceBundle.
 230         private LoggerBundle(String resourceBundleName, ResourceBundle bundle) {
 231             this.resourceBundleName = resourceBundleName;
 232             this.userBundle = bundle;
 233         }
 234         boolean isSystemBundle() {
 235             return SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME.equals(resourceBundleName);
 236         }
 237         static LoggerBundle get(String name, ResourceBundle bundle) {
 238             if (name == null && bundle == null) {
 239                 return NO_RESOURCE_BUNDLE;
 240             } else if (SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME.equals(name) && bundle == null) {
 241                 return SYSTEM_BUNDLE;
 242             } else {
 243                 return new LoggerBundle(name, bundle);
 244             }
 245         }
 246     }
 247 
 248     // This instance will be shared by all loggers created by the system
 249     // code
 250     private static final LoggerBundle SYSTEM_BUNDLE =
 251             new LoggerBundle(SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME, null);
 252 
 253     // This instance indicates that no resource bundle has been specified yet,
 254     // and it will be shared by all loggers which have no resource bundle.
 255     private static final LoggerBundle NO_RESOURCE_BUNDLE =
 256             new LoggerBundle(null, null);
 257 
 258     private static final RuntimePermission GET_CLASS_LOADER_PERMISSION =
 259             new RuntimePermission("getClassLoader");
 260 
 261     private volatile LogManager manager;
 262     private String name;
 263     private final CopyOnWriteArrayList<Handler> handlers =
 264         new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
 265     private volatile LoggerBundle loggerBundle = NO_RESOURCE_BUNDLE;
 266     private volatile boolean useParentHandlers = true;
 267     private volatile Filter filter;
 268     private boolean anonymous;
 269 
 270     // Cache to speed up behavior of findResourceBundle:
 271     private ResourceBundle catalog;     // Cached resource bundle
 272     private String catalogName;         // name associated with catalog
 273     private Locale catalogLocale;       // locale associated with catalog
 274 
 275     // The fields relating to parent-child relationships and levels
 276     // are managed under a separate lock, the treeLock.
 277     private static final Object treeLock = new Object();
 278     // We keep weak references from parents to children, but strong
 279     // references from children to parents.
 280     private volatile Logger parent;    // our nearest parent.
 281     private ArrayList<LogManager.LoggerWeakRef> kids;   // WeakReferences to loggers that have us as parent
 282     private volatile Level levelObject;
 283     private volatile int levelValue;  // current effective level value
 284     private WeakReference<Module> callerModuleRef;
 285     private final boolean isSystemLogger;
 286 
 287     /**
 288      * GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME is a name for the global logger.
 289      *
 290      * @since 1.6
 291      */
 292     public static final String GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME = "global";
 293 
 294     /**
 295      * Return global logger object with the name Logger.GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME.
 296      *
 297      * @return global logger object
 298      * @since 1.7
 299      */
 300     public static final Logger getGlobal() {
 301         // In order to break a cyclic dependence between the LogManager
 302         // and Logger static initializers causing deadlocks, the global
 303         // logger is created with a special constructor that does not
 304         // initialize its log manager.
 305         //
 306         // If an application calls Logger.getGlobal() before any logger
 307         // has been initialized, it is therefore possible that the
 308         // LogManager class has not been initialized yet, and therefore
 309         // Logger.global.manager will be null.
 310         //
 311         // In order to finish the initialization of the global logger, we
 312         // will therefore call LogManager.getLogManager() here.
 313         //
 314         // To prevent race conditions we also need to call
 315         // LogManager.getLogManager() unconditionally here.
 316         // Indeed we cannot rely on the observed value of global.manager,
 317         // because global.manager will become not null somewhere during
 318         // the initialization of LogManager.
 319         // If two threads are calling getGlobal() concurrently, one thread
 320         // will see global.manager null and call LogManager.getLogManager(),
 321         // but the other thread could come in at a time when global.manager
 322         // is already set although ensureLogManagerInitialized is not finished
 323         // yet...
 324         // Calling LogManager.getLogManager() unconditionally will fix that.
 325 
 326         LogManager.getLogManager();
 327 
 328         // Now the global LogManager should be initialized,
 329         // and the global logger should have been added to
 330         // it, unless we were called within the constructor of a LogManager
 331         // subclass installed as LogManager, in which case global.manager
 332         // would still be null, and global will be lazily initialized later on.
 333 
 334         return global;
 335     }
 336 
 337     /**
 338      * The "global" Logger object is provided as a convenience to developers
 339      * who are making casual use of the Logging package.  Developers
 340      * who are making serious use of the logging package (for example
 341      * in products) should create and use their own Logger objects,
 342      * with appropriate names, so that logging can be controlled on a
 343      * suitable per-Logger granularity. Developers also need to keep a
 344      * strong reference to their Logger objects to prevent them from
 345      * being garbage collected.
 346      *
 347      * @deprecated Initialization of this field is prone to deadlocks.
 348      * The field must be initialized by the Logger class initialization
 349      * which may cause deadlocks with the LogManager class initialization.
 350      * In such cases two class initialization wait for each other to complete.
 351      * The preferred way to get the global logger object is via the call
 352      * {@code Logger.getGlobal()}.
 353      * For compatibility with old JDK versions where the
 354      * {@code Logger.getGlobal()} is not available use the call
 355      * {@code Logger.getLogger(Logger.GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME)}
 356      * or {@code Logger.getLogger("global")}.
 357      */
 358     @Deprecated
 359     public static final Logger global = new Logger(GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME);
 360 
 361     /**
 362      * Protected method to construct a logger for a named subsystem.
 363      * <p>
 364      * The logger will be initially configured with a null Level
 365      * and with useParentHandlers set to true.
 366      *
 367      * @param   name    A name for the logger.  This should
 368      *                          be a dot-separated name and should normally
 369      *                          be based on the package name or class name
 370      *                          of the subsystem, such as java.net
 371      *                          or javax.swing.  It may be null for anonymous Loggers.
 372      * @param   resourceBundleName  name of ResourceBundle to be used for localizing
 373      *                          messages for this logger.  May be null if none
 374      *                          of the messages require localization.
 375      * @throws MissingResourceException if the resourceBundleName is non-null and
 376      *             no corresponding resource can be found.
 377      */
 378     protected Logger(String name, String resourceBundleName) {
 379         this(name, resourceBundleName, null, LogManager.getLogManager(), false);
 380     }
 381 
 382     Logger(String name, String resourceBundleName, Class<?> caller, LogManager manager, boolean isSystemLogger) {
 383         this.manager = manager;
 384         this.isSystemLogger = isSystemLogger;
 385         setupResourceInfo(resourceBundleName, caller);
 386         this.name = name;
 387         levelValue = Level.INFO.intValue();
 388     }
 389 
 390     private void setCallerModuleRef(Class<?> caller) {
 391         Module callerModule = ((caller != null)
 392                                         ? caller.getModule()
 393                                         : null);
 394         if (callerModule != null) {
 395             this.callerModuleRef = new WeakReference<>(callerModule);
 396         }
 397     }
 398 
 399     private Module getCallerModule() {
 400         return (callerModuleRef != null)
 401                 ? callerModuleRef.get()
 402                 : null;
 403     }
 404 
 405     // This constructor is used only to create the global Logger.
 406     // It is needed to break a cyclic dependence between the LogManager
 407     // and Logger static initializers causing deadlocks.
 408     private Logger(String name) {
 409         // The manager field is not initialized here.
 410         this.name = name;
 411         this.isSystemLogger = true;
 412         levelValue = Level.INFO.intValue();
 413     }
 414 
 415     // It is called from LoggerContext.addLocalLogger() when the logger
 416     // is actually added to a LogManager.
 417     void setLogManager(LogManager manager) {
 418         this.manager = manager;
 419     }
 420 
 421     private void checkPermission() throws SecurityException {
 422         if (!anonymous) {
 423             if (manager == null) {
 424                 // Complete initialization of the global Logger.
 425                 manager = LogManager.getLogManager();
 426             }
 427             manager.checkPermission();
 428         }
 429     }
 430 
 431     // Until all JDK code converted to call sun.util.logging.PlatformLogger
 432     // (see 7054233), we need to determine if Logger.getLogger is to add
 433     // a system logger or user logger.
 434     //
 435     // As an interim solution, if the immediate caller whose caller loader is
 436     // null, we assume it's a system logger and add it to the system context.
 437     // These system loggers only set the resource bundle to the given
 438     // resource bundle name (rather than the default system resource bundle).
 439     private static class SystemLoggerHelper {
 440         static boolean disableCallerCheck = getBooleanProperty("sun.util.logging.disableCallerCheck");
 441         private static boolean getBooleanProperty(final String key) {
 442             String s = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<String>() {
 443                 @Override
 444                 public String run() {
 445                     return System.getProperty(key);
 446                 }
 447             });
 448             return Boolean.valueOf(s);
 449         }
 450     }
 451 
 452     private static Logger demandLogger(String name, String resourceBundleName, Class<?> caller) {
 453         LogManager manager = LogManager.getLogManager();
 454         if (!SystemLoggerHelper.disableCallerCheck) {
 455             if (caller.getClassLoader() == null) {
 456                 return manager.demandSystemLogger(name, resourceBundleName, caller);
 457             }
 458         }
 459         return manager.demandLogger(name, resourceBundleName, caller);
 460         // ends up calling new Logger(name, resourceBundleName, caller)
 461         // iff the logger doesn't exist already
 462     }
 463 
 464     /**
 465      * Find or create a logger for a named subsystem.  If a logger has
 466      * already been created with the given name it is returned.  Otherwise
 467      * a new logger is created.
 468      * <p>
 469      * If a new logger is created its log level will be configured
 470      * based on the LogManager configuration and it will configured
 471      * to also send logging output to its parent's Handlers.  It will
 472      * be registered in the LogManager global namespace.
 473      * <p>
 474      * Note: The LogManager may only retain a weak reference to the newly
 475      * created Logger. It is important to understand that a previously
 476      * created Logger with the given name may be garbage collected at any
 477      * time if there is no strong reference to the Logger. In particular,
 478      * this means that two back-to-back calls like
 479      * {@code getLogger("MyLogger").log(...)} may use different Logger
 480      * objects named "MyLogger" if there is no strong reference to the
 481      * Logger named "MyLogger" elsewhere in the program.
 482      *
 483      * @param   name            A name for the logger.  This should
 484      *                          be a dot-separated name and should normally
 485      *                          be based on the package name or class name
 486      *                          of the subsystem, such as java.net
 487      *                          or javax.swing
 488      * @return a suitable Logger
 489      * @throws NullPointerException if the name is null.
 490      */
 491 
 492     // Synchronization is not required here. All synchronization for
 493     // adding a new Logger object is handled by LogManager.addLogger().
 494     @CallerSensitive
 495     public static Logger getLogger(String name) {
 496         // This method is intentionally not a wrapper around a call
 497         // to getLogger(name, resourceBundleName). If it were then
 498         // this sequence:
 499         //
 500         //     getLogger("Foo", "resourceBundleForFoo");
 501         //     getLogger("Foo");
 502         //
 503         // would throw an IllegalArgumentException in the second call
 504         // because the wrapper would result in an attempt to replace
 505         // the existing "resourceBundleForFoo" with null.
 506         return Logger.getLogger(name, Reflection.getCallerClass());
 507     }
 508 
 509     /**
 510      * Find or create a logger for a named subsystem on behalf
 511      * of the given caller.
 512      *
 513      * This method is called by {@link #getLogger(java.lang.String)} after
 514      * it has obtained a reference to its caller's class.
 515      *
 516      * @param   name            A name for the logger.
 517      * @param   callerClass     The class that called {@link
 518      *                          #getLogger(java.lang.String)}.
 519      * @return a suitable Logger for {@code callerClass}.
 520      */
 521     private static Logger getLogger(String name, Class<?> callerClass) {
 522         return demandLogger(name, null, callerClass);
 523     }
 524 
 525     /**
 526      * Find or create a logger for a named subsystem.  If a logger has
 527      * already been created with the given name it is returned.  Otherwise
 528      * a new logger is created.
 529      *
 530      * <p>
 531      * If a new logger is created its log level will be configured
 532      * based on the LogManager and it will configured to also send logging
 533      * output to its parent's Handlers.  It will be registered in
 534      * the LogManager global namespace.
 535      * <p>
 536      * Note: The LogManager may only retain a weak reference to the newly
 537      * created Logger. It is important to understand that a previously
 538      * created Logger with the given name may be garbage collected at any
 539      * time if there is no strong reference to the Logger. In particular,
 540      * this means that two back-to-back calls like
 541      * {@code getLogger("MyLogger", ...).log(...)} may use different Logger
 542      * objects named "MyLogger" if there is no strong reference to the
 543      * Logger named "MyLogger" elsewhere in the program.
 544      * <p>
 545      * If the named Logger already exists and does not yet have a
 546      * localization resource bundle then the given resource bundle
 547      * name is used. If the named Logger already exists and has
 548      * a different resource bundle name then an IllegalArgumentException
 549      * is thrown.
 550      *
 551      * @param   name    A name for the logger.  This should
 552      *                          be a dot-separated name and should normally
 553      *                          be based on the package name or class name
 554      *                          of the subsystem, such as java.net
 555      *                          or javax.swing
 556      * @param   resourceBundleName  name of ResourceBundle to be used for localizing
 557      *                          messages for this logger. May be {@code null}
 558      *                          if none of the messages require localization.
 559      * @return a suitable Logger
 560      * @throws MissingResourceException if the resourceBundleName is non-null and
 561      *             no corresponding resource can be found.
 562      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the Logger already exists and uses
 563      *             a different resource bundle name; or if
 564      *             {@code resourceBundleName} is {@code null} but the named
 565      *             logger has a resource bundle set.
 566      * @throws NullPointerException if the name is null.
 567      */
 568 
 569     // Synchronization is not required here. All synchronization for
 570     // adding a new Logger object is handled by LogManager.addLogger().
 571     @CallerSensitive
 572     public static Logger getLogger(String name, String resourceBundleName) {
 573         return Logger.getLogger(name, resourceBundleName, Reflection.getCallerClass());
 574     }
 575 
 576     /**
 577      * Find or create a logger for a named subsystem on behalf
 578      * of the given caller.
 579      *
 580      * This method is called by {@link
 581      * #getLogger(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)} after
 582      * it has obtained a reference to its caller's class.
 583      *
 584      * @param   name            A name for the logger.
 585      * @param   resourceBundleName  name of ResourceBundle to be used for localizing
 586      *                          messages for this logger. May be {@code null}
 587      *                          if none of the messages require localization.
 588      * @param   callerClass     The class that called {@link
 589      *                          #getLogger(java.lang.String, java.lang.String)}.
 590      *                          This class will also be used for locating the
 591      *                          resource bundle if {@code resourceBundleName} is
 592      *                          not {@code null}.
 593      * @return a suitable Logger for {@code callerClass}.
 594      */
 595     private static Logger getLogger(String name, String resourceBundleName,
 596                                     Class<?> callerClass) {
 597         Logger result = demandLogger(name, resourceBundleName, callerClass);
 598 
 599         // MissingResourceException or IllegalArgumentException can be
 600         // thrown by setupResourceInfo().
 601         // We have to set the callers ClassLoader here in case demandLogger
 602         // above found a previously created Logger.  This can happen, for
 603         // example, if Logger.getLogger(name) is called and subsequently
 604         // Logger.getLogger(name, resourceBundleName) is called.  In this case
 605         // we won't necessarily have the correct classloader saved away, so
 606         // we need to set it here, too.
 607 
 608         result.setupResourceInfo(resourceBundleName, callerClass);
 609         return result;
 610     }
 611 
 612     // package-private
 613     // Add a platform logger to the system context.
 614     // i.e. caller of sun.util.logging.PlatformLogger.getLogger
 615     static Logger getPlatformLogger(String name) {
 616         LogManager manager = LogManager.getLogManager();
 617 
 618         // all loggers in the system context will default to
 619         // the system logger's resource bundle - therefore the caller won't
 620         // be needed and can be null.
 621         Logger result = manager.demandSystemLogger(name, SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME, null);
 622         return result;
 623     }
 624 
 625     /**
 626      * Create an anonymous Logger.  The newly created Logger is not
 627      * registered in the LogManager namespace.  There will be no
 628      * access checks on updates to the logger.
 629      * <p>
 630      * This factory method is primarily intended for use from applets.
 631      * Because the resulting Logger is anonymous it can be kept private
 632      * by the creating class.  This removes the need for normal security
 633      * checks, which in turn allows untrusted applet code to update
 634      * the control state of the Logger.  For example an applet can do
 635      * a setLevel or an addHandler on an anonymous Logger.
 636      * <p>
 637      * Even although the new logger is anonymous, it is configured
 638      * to have the root logger ("") as its parent.  This means that
 639      * by default it inherits its effective level and handlers
 640      * from the root logger. Changing its parent via the
 641      * {@link #setParent(java.util.logging.Logger) setParent} method
 642      * will still require the security permission specified by that method.
 643      *
 644      * @return a newly created private Logger
 645      */
 646     public static Logger getAnonymousLogger() {
 647         return getAnonymousLogger(null);
 648     }
 649 
 650     /**
 651      * Create an anonymous Logger.  The newly created Logger is not
 652      * registered in the LogManager namespace.  There will be no
 653      * access checks on updates to the logger.
 654      * <p>
 655      * This factory method is primarily intended for use from applets.
 656      * Because the resulting Logger is anonymous it can be kept private
 657      * by the creating class.  This removes the need for normal security
 658      * checks, which in turn allows untrusted applet code to update
 659      * the control state of the Logger.  For example an applet can do
 660      * a setLevel or an addHandler on an anonymous Logger.
 661      * <p>
 662      * Even although the new logger is anonymous, it is configured
 663      * to have the root logger ("") as its parent.  This means that
 664      * by default it inherits its effective level and handlers
 665      * from the root logger.  Changing its parent via the
 666      * {@link #setParent(java.util.logging.Logger) setParent} method
 667      * will still require the security permission specified by that method.
 668      *
 669      * @param   resourceBundleName  name of ResourceBundle to be used for localizing
 670      *                          messages for this logger.
 671      *          May be null if none of the messages require localization.
 672      * @return a newly created private Logger
 673      * @throws MissingResourceException if the resourceBundleName is non-null and
 674      *             no corresponding resource can be found.
 675      */
 676 
 677     // Synchronization is not required here. All synchronization for
 678     // adding a new anonymous Logger object is handled by doSetParent().
 679     @CallerSensitive
 680     public static Logger getAnonymousLogger(String resourceBundleName) {
 681         LogManager manager = LogManager.getLogManager();
 682         // cleanup some Loggers that have been GC'ed
 683         manager.drainLoggerRefQueueBounded();
 684         Logger result = new Logger(null, resourceBundleName,
 685                                    Reflection.getCallerClass(), manager, false);
 686         result.anonymous = true;
 687         Logger root = manager.getLogger("");
 688         result.doSetParent(root);
 689         return result;
 690     }
 691 
 692     /**
 693      * Retrieve the localization resource bundle for this
 694      * logger.
 695      * This method will return a {@code ResourceBundle} that was either
 696      * set by the {@link
 697      * #setResourceBundle(java.util.ResourceBundle) setResourceBundle} method or
 698      * <a href="#ResourceBundleMapping">mapped from the
 699      * the resource bundle name</a> set via the {@link
 700      * Logger#getLogger(java.lang.String, java.lang.String) getLogger} factory
 701      * method for the current default locale.
 702      * <br>Note that if the result is {@code null}, then the Logger will use a resource
 703      * bundle or resource bundle name inherited from its parent.
 704      *
 705      * @return localization bundle (may be {@code null})
 706      */
 707     public ResourceBundle getResourceBundle() {
 708         return findResourceBundle(getResourceBundleName(), true);
 709     }
 710 
 711     /**
 712      * Retrieve the localization resource bundle name for this
 713      * logger.
 714      * This is either the name specified through the {@link
 715      * #getLogger(java.lang.String, java.lang.String) getLogger} factory method,
 716      * or the {@linkplain ResourceBundle#getBaseBundleName() base name} of the
 717      * ResourceBundle set through {@link
 718      * #setResourceBundle(java.util.ResourceBundle) setResourceBundle} method.
 719      * <br>Note that if the result is {@code null}, then the Logger will use a resource
 720      * bundle or resource bundle name inherited from its parent.
 721      *
 722      * @return localization bundle name (may be {@code null})
 723      */
 724     public String getResourceBundleName() {
 725         return loggerBundle.resourceBundleName;
 726     }
 727 
 728     /**
 729      * Set a filter to control output on this Logger.
 730      * <P>
 731      * After passing the initial "level" check, the Logger will
 732      * call this Filter to check if a log record should really
 733      * be published.
 734      *
 735      * @param   newFilter  a filter object (may be null)
 736      * @throws  SecurityException if a security manager exists,
 737      *          this logger is not anonymous, and the caller
 738      *          does not have LoggingPermission("control").
 739      */
 740     public void setFilter(Filter newFilter) throws SecurityException {
 741         checkPermission();
 742         filter = newFilter;
 743     }
 744 
 745     /**
 746      * Get the current filter for this Logger.
 747      *
 748      * @return  a filter object (may be null)
 749      */
 750     public Filter getFilter() {
 751         return filter;
 752     }
 753 
 754     /**
 755      * Log a LogRecord.
 756      * <p>
 757      * All the other logging methods in this class call through
 758      * this method to actually perform any logging.  Subclasses can
 759      * override this single method to capture all log activity.
 760      *
 761      * @param record the LogRecord to be published
 762      */
 763     public void log(LogRecord record) {
 764         if (!isLoggable(record.getLevel())) {
 765             return;
 766         }
 767         Filter theFilter = filter;
 768         if (theFilter != null && !theFilter.isLoggable(record)) {
 769             return;
 770         }
 771 
 772         // Post the LogRecord to all our Handlers, and then to
 773         // our parents' handlers, all the way up the tree.
 774 
 775         Logger logger = this;
 776         while (logger != null) {
 777             final Handler[] loggerHandlers = isSystemLogger
 778                 ? logger.accessCheckedHandlers()
 779                 : logger.getHandlers();
 780 
 781             for (Handler handler : loggerHandlers) {
 782                 handler.publish(record);
 783             }
 784 
 785             final boolean useParentHdls = isSystemLogger
 786                 ? logger.useParentHandlers
 787                 : logger.getUseParentHandlers();
 788 
 789             if (!useParentHdls) {
 790                 break;
 791             }
 792 
 793             logger = isSystemLogger ? logger.parent : logger.getParent();
 794         }
 795     }
 796 
 797     // private support method for logging.
 798     // We fill in the logger name, resource bundle name, and
 799     // resource bundle and then call "void log(LogRecord)".
 800     private void doLog(LogRecord lr) {
 801         lr.setLoggerName(name);
 802         final LoggerBundle lb = getEffectiveLoggerBundle();
 803         final ResourceBundle  bundle = lb.userBundle;
 804         final String ebname = lb.resourceBundleName;
 805         if (ebname != null && bundle != null) {
 806             lr.setResourceBundleName(ebname);
 807             lr.setResourceBundle(bundle);
 808         }
 809         log(lr);
 810     }
 811 
 812 
 813     //================================================================
 814     // Start of convenience methods WITHOUT className and methodName
 815     //================================================================
 816 
 817     /**
 818      * Log a message, with no arguments.
 819      * <p>
 820      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 821      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
 822      * registered output Handler objects.
 823      *
 824      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 825      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
 826      */
 827     public void log(Level level, String msg) {
 828         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 829             return;
 830         }
 831         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
 832         doLog(lr);
 833     }
 834 
 835     /**
 836      * Log a message, which is only to be constructed if the logging level
 837      * is such that the message will actually be logged.
 838      * <p>
 839      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 840      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
 841      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
 842      * Handler objects.
 843      *
 844      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 845      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
 846      *                        desired log message
 847      * @since 1.8
 848      */
 849     public void log(Level level, Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
 850         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 851             return;
 852         }
 853         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msgSupplier.get());
 854         doLog(lr);
 855     }
 856 
 857     /**
 858      * Log a message, with one object parameter.
 859      * <p>
 860      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 861      * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
 862      * to all the registered output Handler objects.
 863      *
 864      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 865      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
 866      * @param   param1  parameter to the message
 867      */
 868     public void log(Level level, String msg, Object param1) {
 869         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 870             return;
 871         }
 872         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
 873         Object params[] = { param1 };
 874         lr.setParameters(params);
 875         doLog(lr);
 876     }
 877 
 878     /**
 879      * Log a message, with an array of object arguments.
 880      * <p>
 881      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 882      * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
 883      * to all the registered output Handler objects.
 884      *
 885      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 886      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
 887      * @param   params  array of parameters to the message
 888      */
 889     public void log(Level level, String msg, Object params[]) {
 890         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 891             return;
 892         }
 893         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
 894         lr.setParameters(params);
 895         doLog(lr);
 896     }
 897 
 898     /**
 899      * Log a message, with associated Throwable information.
 900      * <p>
 901      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 902      * level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
 903      * which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
 904      * <p>
 905      * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
 906      * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus it is
 907      * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
 908      * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
 909      *
 910      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 911      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
 912      * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with log message.
 913      */
 914     public void log(Level level, String msg, Throwable thrown) {
 915         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 916             return;
 917         }
 918         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
 919         lr.setThrown(thrown);
 920         doLog(lr);
 921     }
 922 
 923     /**
 924      * Log a lazily constructed message, with associated Throwable information.
 925      * <p>
 926      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message level then the
 927      * message is constructed by invoking the provided supplier function. The
 928      * message and the given {@link Throwable} are then stored in a {@link
 929      * LogRecord} which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
 930      * <p>
 931      * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
 932      * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus it is
 933      * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
 934      * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
 935      *
 936      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 937      * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with log message.
 938      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
 939      *                        desired log message
 940      * @since   1.8
 941      */
 942     public void log(Level level, Throwable thrown, Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
 943         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 944             return;
 945         }
 946         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msgSupplier.get());
 947         lr.setThrown(thrown);
 948         doLog(lr);
 949     }
 950 
 951     //================================================================
 952     // Start of convenience methods WITH className and methodName
 953     //================================================================
 954 
 955     /**
 956      * Log a message, specifying source class and method,
 957      * with no arguments.
 958      * <p>
 959      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 960      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
 961      * registered output Handler objects.
 962      *
 963      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 964      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
 965      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
 966      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
 967      */
 968     public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod, String msg) {
 969         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 970             return;
 971         }
 972         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
 973         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
 974         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
 975         doLog(lr);
 976     }
 977 
 978     /**
 979      * Log a lazily constructed message, specifying source class and method,
 980      * with no arguments.
 981      * <p>
 982      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 983      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
 984      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
 985      * Handler objects.
 986      *
 987      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 988      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
 989      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
 990      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
 991      *                        desired log message
 992      * @since   1.8
 993      */
 994     public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
 995                      Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
 996         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 997             return;
 998         }
 999         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msgSupplier.get());
1000         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1001         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1002         doLog(lr);
1003     }
1004 
1005     /**
1006      * Log a message, specifying source class and method,
1007      * with a single object parameter to the log message.
1008      * <p>
1009      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1010      * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
1011      * to all the registered output Handler objects.
1012      *
1013      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1014      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1015      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1016      * @param   msg      The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1017      * @param   param1    Parameter to the log message.
1018      */
1019     public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1020                                                 String msg, Object param1) {
1021         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1022             return;
1023         }
1024         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1025         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1026         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1027         Object params[] = { param1 };
1028         lr.setParameters(params);
1029         doLog(lr);
1030     }
1031 
1032     /**
1033      * Log a message, specifying source class and method,
1034      * with an array of object arguments.
1035      * <p>
1036      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1037      * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
1038      * to all the registered output Handler objects.
1039      *
1040      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1041      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1042      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1043      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1044      * @param   params  Array of parameters to the message
1045      */
1046     public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1047                                                 String msg, Object params[]) {
1048         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1049             return;
1050         }
1051         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1052         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1053         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1054         lr.setParameters(params);
1055         doLog(lr);
1056     }
1057 
1058     /**
1059      * Log a message, specifying source class and method,
1060      * with associated Throwable information.
1061      * <p>
1062      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1063      * level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
1064      * which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
1065      * <p>
1066      * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
1067      * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus it is
1068      * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
1069      * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
1070      *
1071      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1072      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1073      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1074      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1075      * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with log message.
1076      */
1077     public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1078                      String msg, Throwable thrown) {
1079         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1080             return;
1081         }
1082         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1083         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1084         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1085         lr.setThrown(thrown);
1086         doLog(lr);
1087     }
1088 
1089     /**
1090      * Log a lazily constructed message, specifying source class and method,
1091      * with associated Throwable information.
1092      * <p>
1093      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message level then the
1094      * message is constructed by invoking the provided supplier function. The
1095      * message and the given {@link Throwable} are then stored in a {@link
1096      * LogRecord} which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
1097      * <p>
1098      * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
1099      * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus it is
1100      * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
1101      * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
1102      *
1103      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1104      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1105      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1106      * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with log message.
1107      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
1108      *                        desired log message
1109      * @since   1.8
1110      */
1111     public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1112                      Throwable thrown, Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
1113         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1114             return;
1115         }
1116         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msgSupplier.get());
1117         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1118         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1119         lr.setThrown(thrown);
1120         doLog(lr);
1121     }
1122 
1123 
1124     //=========================================================================
1125     // Start of convenience methods WITH className, methodName and bundle name.
1126     //=========================================================================
1127 
1128     // Private support method for logging for "logrb" methods.
1129     // We fill in the logger name, resource bundle name, and
1130     // resource bundle and then call "void log(LogRecord)".
1131     private void doLog(LogRecord lr, String rbname) {
1132         lr.setLoggerName(name);
1133         if (rbname != null) {
1134             lr.setResourceBundleName(rbname);
1135             lr.setResourceBundle(findResourceBundle(rbname, false));
1136         }
1137         log(lr);
1138     }
1139 
1140     // Private support method for logging for "logrb" methods.
1141     private void doLog(LogRecord lr, ResourceBundle rb) {
1142         lr.setLoggerName(name);
1143         if (rb != null) {
1144             lr.setResourceBundleName(rb.getBaseBundleName());
1145             lr.setResourceBundle(rb);
1146         }
1147         log(lr);
1148     }
1149 
1150     /**
1151      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name
1152      * with no arguments.
1153      * <p>
1154      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1155      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1156      * registered output Handler objects.
1157      * <p>
1158      * The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
1159      * resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
1160      * then the msg string is not localized.
1161      *
1162      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1163      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1164      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1165      * @param   bundleName     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
1166      *                         can be null
1167      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1168      * @deprecated Use {@link #logrb(java.util.logging.Level, java.lang.String,
1169      * java.lang.String, java.util.ResourceBundle, java.lang.String,
1170      * java.lang.Object...)} instead.
1171      */
1172     @Deprecated
1173     public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1174                                 String bundleName, String msg) {
1175         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1176             return;
1177         }
1178         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1179         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1180         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1181         doLog(lr, bundleName);
1182     }
1183 
1184     /**
1185      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name,
1186      * with a single object parameter to the log message.
1187      * <p>
1188      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1189      * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
1190      * to all the registered output Handler objects.
1191      * <p>
1192      * The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
1193      * resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
1194      * then the msg string is not localized.
1195      *
1196      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1197      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1198      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1199      * @param   bundleName     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
1200      *                         can be null
1201      * @param   msg      The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1202      * @param   param1    Parameter to the log message.
1203      * @deprecated Use {@link #logrb(java.util.logging.Level, java.lang.String,
1204      *   java.lang.String, java.util.ResourceBundle, java.lang.String,
1205      *   java.lang.Object...)} instead
1206      */
1207     @Deprecated
1208     public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1209                                 String bundleName, String msg, Object param1) {
1210         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1211             return;
1212         }
1213         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1214         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1215         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1216         Object params[] = { param1 };
1217         lr.setParameters(params);
1218         doLog(lr, bundleName);
1219     }
1220 
1221     /**
1222      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name,
1223      * with an array of object arguments.
1224      * <p>
1225      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1226      * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
1227      * to all the registered output Handler objects.
1228      * <p>
1229      * The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
1230      * resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
1231      * then the msg string is not localized.
1232      *
1233      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1234      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1235      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1236      * @param   bundleName     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
1237      *                         can be null.
1238      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1239      * @param   params  Array of parameters to the message
1240      * @deprecated Use {@link #logrb(java.util.logging.Level, java.lang.String,
1241      *      java.lang.String, java.util.ResourceBundle, java.lang.String,
1242      *      java.lang.Object...)} instead.
1243      */
1244     @Deprecated
1245     public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1246                                 String bundleName, String msg, Object params[]) {
1247         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1248             return;
1249         }
1250         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1251         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1252         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1253         lr.setParameters(params);
1254         doLog(lr, bundleName);
1255     }
1256 
1257     /**
1258      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle,
1259      * with an optional list of message parameters.
1260      * <p>
1261      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1262      * {@code level} then a corresponding {@code LogRecord} is created and
1263      * forwarded to all the registered output {@code Handler} objects.
1264      * <p>
1265      * The {@code msg} string is localized using the given resource bundle.
1266      * If the resource bundle is {@code null}, then the {@code msg} string is not
1267      * localized.
1268      *
1269      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., {@code SEVERE}
1270      * @param   sourceClass    Name of the class that issued the logging request
1271      * @param   sourceMethod   Name of the method that issued the logging request
1272      * @param   bundle         Resource bundle to localize {@code msg},
1273      *                         can be {@code null}.
1274      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1275      * @param   params  Parameters to the message (optional, may be none).
1276      * @since 1.8
1277      */
1278     public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1279                       ResourceBundle bundle, String msg, Object... params) {
1280         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1281             return;
1282         }
1283         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1284         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1285         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1286         if (params != null && params.length != 0) {
1287             lr.setParameters(params);
1288         }
1289         doLog(lr, bundle);
1290     }
1291 
1292     /**
1293      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle,
1294      * with an optional list of message parameters.
1295      * <p>
1296      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1297      * {@code level} then a corresponding {@code LogRecord} is created
1298      * and forwarded to all the registered output {@code Handler} objects.
1299      * <p>
1300      * The {@code msg} string is localized using the given resource bundle.
1301      * If the resource bundle is {@code null}, then the {@code msg} string is not
1302      * localized.
1303      * <p>
1304      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., {@code SEVERE}
1305      * @param   bundle  Resource bundle to localize {@code msg};
1306      *                  can be {@code null}.
1307      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1308      * @param   params  Parameters to the message (optional, may be none).
1309      * @since 9
1310      */
1311     public void logrb(Level level, ResourceBundle bundle, String msg, Object... params) {
1312         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1313             return;
1314         }
1315         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1316         if (params != null && params.length != 0) {
1317             lr.setParameters(params);
1318         }
1319         doLog(lr, bundle);
1320     }
1321 
1322     /**
1323      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name,
1324      * with associated Throwable information.
1325      * <p>
1326      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1327      * level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
1328      * which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
1329      * <p>
1330      * The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
1331      * resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
1332      * then the msg string is not localized.
1333      * <p>
1334      * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
1335      * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus it is
1336      * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
1337      * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
1338      *
1339      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1340      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1341      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1342      * @param   bundleName     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
1343      *                         can be null
1344      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1345      * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with log message.
1346      * @deprecated Use {@link #logrb(java.util.logging.Level, java.lang.String,
1347      *     java.lang.String, java.util.ResourceBundle, java.lang.String,
1348      *     java.lang.Throwable)} instead.
1349      */
1350     @Deprecated
1351     public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1352                                         String bundleName, String msg, Throwable thrown) {
1353         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1354             return;
1355         }
1356         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1357         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1358         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1359         lr.setThrown(thrown);
1360         doLog(lr, bundleName);
1361     }
1362 
1363     /**
1364      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle,
1365      * with associated Throwable information.
1366      * <p>
1367      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1368      * {@code level} then the given arguments are stored in a {@code LogRecord}
1369      * which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
1370      * <p>
1371      * The {@code msg} string is localized using the given resource bundle.
1372      * If the resource bundle is {@code null}, then the {@code msg} string is not
1373      * localized.
1374      * <p>
1375      * Note that the {@code thrown} argument is stored in the {@code LogRecord}
1376      * {@code thrown} property, rather than the {@code LogRecord}
1377      * {@code parameters} property.  Thus it is
1378      * processed specially by output {@code Formatter} objects and is not treated
1379      * as a formatting parameter to the {@code LogRecord} {@code message} property.
1380      *
1381      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., {@code SEVERE}
1382      * @param   sourceClass    Name of the class that issued the logging request
1383      * @param   sourceMethod   Name of the method that issued the logging request
1384      * @param   bundle         Resource bundle to localize {@code msg},
1385      *                         can be {@code null}
1386      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1387      * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with the log message.
1388      * @since 1.8
1389      */
1390     public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1391                       ResourceBundle bundle, String msg, Throwable thrown) {
1392         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1393             return;
1394         }
1395         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1396         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1397         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1398         lr.setThrown(thrown);
1399         doLog(lr, bundle);
1400     }
1401 
1402     /**
1403      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle,
1404      * with associated Throwable information.
1405      * <p>
1406      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1407      * {@code level} then the given arguments are stored in a {@code LogRecord}
1408      * which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
1409      * <p>
1410      * The {@code msg} string is localized using the given resource bundle.
1411      * If the resource bundle is {@code null}, then the {@code msg} string is not
1412      * localized.
1413      * <p>
1414      * Note that the {@code thrown} argument is stored in the {@code LogRecord}
1415      * {@code thrown} property, rather than the {@code LogRecord}
1416      * {@code parameters} property.  Thus it is
1417      * processed specially by output {@code Formatter} objects and is not treated
1418      * as a formatting parameter to the {@code LogRecord} {@code message}
1419      * property.
1420      * <p>
1421      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., {@code SEVERE}
1422      * @param   bundle  Resource bundle to localize {@code msg};
1423      *                  can be {@code null}.
1424      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1425      * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with the log message.
1426      * @since 9
1427      */
1428     public void logrb(Level level, ResourceBundle bundle, String msg,
1429             Throwable thrown) {
1430         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1431             return;
1432         }
1433         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1434         lr.setThrown(thrown);
1435         doLog(lr, bundle);
1436     }
1437 
1438     //======================================================================
1439     // Start of convenience methods for logging method entries and returns.
1440     //======================================================================
1441 
1442     /**
1443      * Log a method entry.
1444      * <p>
1445      * This is a convenience method that can be used to log entry
1446      * to a method.  A LogRecord with message "ENTRY", log level
1447      * FINER, and the given sourceMethod and sourceClass is logged.
1448      *
1449      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1450      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that is being entered
1451      */
1452     public void entering(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod) {
1453         logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, "ENTRY");
1454     }
1455 
1456     /**
1457      * Log a method entry, with one parameter.
1458      * <p>
1459      * This is a convenience method that can be used to log entry
1460      * to a method.  A LogRecord with message "ENTRY {0}", log level
1461      * FINER, and the given sourceMethod, sourceClass, and parameter
1462      * is logged.
1463      *
1464      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1465      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that is being entered
1466      * @param   param1         parameter to the method being entered
1467      */
1468     public void entering(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod, Object param1) {
1469         logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, "ENTRY {0}", param1);
1470     }
1471 
1472     /**
1473      * Log a method entry, with an array of parameters.
1474      * <p>
1475      * This is a convenience method that can be used to log entry
1476      * to a method.  A LogRecord with message "ENTRY" (followed by a
1477      * format {N} indicator for each entry in the parameter array),
1478      * log level FINER, and the given sourceMethod, sourceClass, and
1479      * parameters is logged.
1480      *
1481      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1482      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that is being entered
1483      * @param   params         array of parameters to the method being entered
1484      */
1485     public void entering(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod, Object params[]) {
1486         String msg = "ENTRY";
1487         if (params == null ) {
1488            logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, msg);
1489            return;
1490         }
1491         if (!isLoggable(Level.FINER)) return;
1492         if (params.length > 0) {
1493             final StringBuilder b = new StringBuilder(msg);
1494             for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
1495                 b.append(' ').append('{').append(i).append('}');
1496             }
1497             msg = b.toString();
1498         }
1499         logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, msg, params);
1500     }
1501 
1502     /**
1503      * Log a method return.
1504      * <p>
1505      * This is a convenience method that can be used to log returning
1506      * from a method.  A LogRecord with message "RETURN", log level
1507      * FINER, and the given sourceMethod and sourceClass is logged.
1508      *
1509      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1510      * @param   sourceMethod   name of the method
1511      */
1512     public void exiting(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod) {
1513         logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, "RETURN");
1514     }
1515 
1516 
1517     /**
1518      * Log a method return, with result object.
1519      * <p>
1520      * This is a convenience method that can be used to log returning
1521      * from a method.  A LogRecord with message "RETURN {0}", log level
1522      * FINER, and the gives sourceMethod, sourceClass, and result
1523      * object is logged.
1524      *
1525      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1526      * @param   sourceMethod   name of the method
1527      * @param   result  Object that is being returned
1528      */
1529     public void exiting(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod, Object result) {
1530         logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, "RETURN {0}", result);
1531     }
1532 
1533     /**
1534      * Log throwing an exception.
1535      * <p>
1536      * This is a convenience method to log that a method is
1537      * terminating by throwing an exception.  The logging is done
1538      * using the FINER level.
1539      * <p>
1540      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1541      * level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
1542      * which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.  The
1543      * LogRecord's message is set to "THROW".
1544      * <p>
1545      * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
1546      * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus it is
1547      * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
1548      * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
1549      *
1550      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1551      * @param   sourceMethod  name of the method.
1552      * @param   thrown  The Throwable that is being thrown.
1553      */
1554     public void throwing(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod, Throwable thrown) {
1555         if (!isLoggable(Level.FINER)) {
1556             return;
1557         }
1558         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(Level.FINER, "THROW");
1559         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1560         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1561         lr.setThrown(thrown);
1562         doLog(lr);
1563     }
1564 
1565     //=======================================================================
1566     // Start of simple convenience methods using level names as method names
1567     //=======================================================================
1568 
1569     /**
1570      * Log a SEVERE message.
1571      * <p>
1572      * If the logger is currently enabled for the SEVERE message
1573      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1574      * registered output Handler objects.
1575      *
1576      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1577      */
1578     public void severe(String msg) {
1579         log(Level.SEVERE, msg);
1580     }
1581 
1582     /**
1583      * Log a WARNING message.
1584      * <p>
1585      * If the logger is currently enabled for the WARNING message
1586      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1587      * registered output Handler objects.
1588      *
1589      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1590      */
1591     public void warning(String msg) {
1592         log(Level.WARNING, msg);
1593     }
1594 
1595     /**
1596      * Log an INFO message.
1597      * <p>
1598      * If the logger is currently enabled for the INFO message
1599      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1600      * registered output Handler objects.
1601      *
1602      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1603      */
1604     public void info(String msg) {
1605         log(Level.INFO, msg);
1606     }
1607 
1608     /**
1609      * Log a CONFIG message.
1610      * <p>
1611      * If the logger is currently enabled for the CONFIG message
1612      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1613      * registered output Handler objects.
1614      *
1615      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1616      */
1617     public void config(String msg) {
1618         log(Level.CONFIG, msg);
1619     }
1620 
1621     /**
1622      * Log a FINE message.
1623      * <p>
1624      * If the logger is currently enabled for the FINE message
1625      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1626      * registered output Handler objects.
1627      *
1628      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1629      */
1630     public void fine(String msg) {
1631         log(Level.FINE, msg);
1632     }
1633 
1634     /**
1635      * Log a FINER message.
1636      * <p>
1637      * If the logger is currently enabled for the FINER message
1638      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1639      * registered output Handler objects.
1640      *
1641      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1642      */
1643     public void finer(String msg) {
1644         log(Level.FINER, msg);
1645     }
1646 
1647     /**
1648      * Log a FINEST message.
1649      * <p>
1650      * If the logger is currently enabled for the FINEST message
1651      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1652      * registered output Handler objects.
1653      *
1654      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1655      */
1656     public void finest(String msg) {
1657         log(Level.FINEST, msg);
1658     }
1659 
1660     //=======================================================================
1661     // Start of simple convenience methods using level names as method names
1662     // and use Supplier<String>
1663     //=======================================================================
1664 
1665     /**
1666      * Log a SEVERE message, which is only to be constructed if the logging
1667      * level is such that the message will actually be logged.
1668      * <p>
1669      * If the logger is currently enabled for the SEVERE message
1670      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
1671      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
1672      * Handler objects.
1673      *
1674      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
1675      *                        desired log message
1676      * @since   1.8
1677      */
1678     public void severe(Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
1679         log(Level.SEVERE, msgSupplier);
1680     }
1681 
1682     /**
1683      * Log a WARNING message, which is only to be constructed if the logging
1684      * level is such that the message will actually be logged.
1685      * <p>
1686      * If the logger is currently enabled for the WARNING message
1687      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
1688      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
1689      * Handler objects.
1690      *
1691      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
1692      *                        desired log message
1693      * @since   1.8
1694      */
1695     public void warning(Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
1696         log(Level.WARNING, msgSupplier);
1697     }
1698 
1699     /**
1700      * Log a INFO message, which is only to be constructed if the logging
1701      * level is such that the message will actually be logged.
1702      * <p>
1703      * If the logger is currently enabled for the INFO message
1704      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
1705      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
1706      * Handler objects.
1707      *
1708      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
1709      *                        desired log message
1710      * @since   1.8
1711      */
1712     public void info(Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
1713         log(Level.INFO, msgSupplier);
1714     }
1715 
1716     /**
1717      * Log a CONFIG message, which is only to be constructed if the logging
1718      * level is such that the message will actually be logged.
1719      * <p>
1720      * If the logger is currently enabled for the CONFIG message
1721      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
1722      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
1723      * Handler objects.
1724      *
1725      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
1726      *                        desired log message
1727      * @since   1.8
1728      */
1729     public void config(Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
1730         log(Level.CONFIG, msgSupplier);
1731     }
1732 
1733     /**
1734      * Log a FINE message, which is only to be constructed if the logging
1735      * level is such that the message will actually be logged.
1736      * <p>
1737      * If the logger is currently enabled for the FINE message
1738      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
1739      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
1740      * Handler objects.
1741      *
1742      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
1743      *                        desired log message
1744      * @since   1.8
1745      */
1746     public void fine(Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
1747         log(Level.FINE, msgSupplier);
1748     }
1749 
1750     /**
1751      * Log a FINER message, which is only to be constructed if the logging
1752      * level is such that the message will actually be logged.
1753      * <p>
1754      * If the logger is currently enabled for the FINER message
1755      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
1756      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
1757      * Handler objects.
1758      *
1759      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
1760      *                        desired log message
1761      * @since   1.8
1762      */
1763     public void finer(Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
1764         log(Level.FINER, msgSupplier);
1765     }
1766 
1767     /**
1768      * Log a FINEST message, which is only to be constructed if the logging
1769      * level is such that the message will actually be logged.
1770      * <p>
1771      * If the logger is currently enabled for the FINEST message
1772      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
1773      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
1774      * Handler objects.
1775      *
1776      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
1777      *                        desired log message
1778      * @since   1.8
1779      */
1780     public void finest(Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
1781         log(Level.FINEST, msgSupplier);
1782     }
1783 
1784     //================================================================
1785     // End of convenience methods
1786     //================================================================
1787 
1788     /**
1789      * Set the log level specifying which message levels will be
1790      * logged by this logger.  Message levels lower than this
1791      * value will be discarded.  The level value Level.OFF
1792      * can be used to turn off logging.
1793      * <p>
1794      * If the new level is null, it means that this node should
1795      * inherit its level from its nearest ancestor with a specific
1796      * (non-null) level value.
1797      *
1798      * @param newLevel   the new value for the log level (may be null)
1799      * @throws  SecurityException if a security manager exists,
1800      *          this logger is not anonymous, and the caller
1801      *          does not have LoggingPermission("control").
1802      */
1803     public void setLevel(Level newLevel) throws SecurityException {
1804         checkPermission();
1805         synchronized (treeLock) {
1806             levelObject = newLevel;
1807             updateEffectiveLevel();
1808         }
1809     }
1810 
1811     final boolean isLevelInitialized() {
1812         return levelObject != null;
1813     }
1814 
1815     /**
1816      * Get the log Level that has been specified for this Logger.
1817      * The result may be null, which means that this logger's
1818      * effective level will be inherited from its parent.
1819      *
1820      * @return  this Logger's level
1821      */
1822     public Level getLevel() {
1823         return levelObject;
1824     }
1825 
1826     /**
1827      * Check if a message of the given level would actually be logged
1828      * by this logger.  This check is based on the Loggers effective level,
1829      * which may be inherited from its parent.
1830      *
1831      * @param   level   a message logging level
1832      * @return  true if the given message level is currently being logged.
1833      */
1834     public boolean isLoggable(Level level) {
1835         if (level.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
1836             return false;
1837         }
1838         return true;
1839     }
1840 
1841     /**
1842      * Get the name for this logger.
1843      * @return logger name.  Will be null for anonymous Loggers.
1844      */
1845     public String getName() {
1846         return name;
1847     }
1848 
1849     /**
1850      * Add a log Handler to receive logging messages.
1851      * <p>
1852      * By default, Loggers also send their output to their parent logger.
1853      * Typically the root Logger is configured with a set of Handlers
1854      * that essentially act as default handlers for all loggers.
1855      *
1856      * @param   handler a logging Handler
1857      * @throws  SecurityException if a security manager exists,
1858      *          this logger is not anonymous, and the caller
1859      *          does not have LoggingPermission("control").
1860      */
1861     public void addHandler(Handler handler) throws SecurityException {
1862         Objects.requireNonNull(handler);
1863         checkPermission();
1864         handlers.add(handler);
1865     }
1866 
1867     /**
1868      * Remove a log Handler.
1869      * <P>
1870      * Returns silently if the given Handler is not found or is null
1871      *
1872      * @param   handler a logging Handler
1873      * @throws  SecurityException if a security manager exists,
1874      *          this logger is not anonymous, and the caller
1875      *          does not have LoggingPermission("control").
1876      */
1877     public void removeHandler(Handler handler) throws SecurityException {
1878         checkPermission();
1879         if (handler == null) {
1880             return;
1881         }
1882         handlers.remove(handler);
1883     }
1884 
1885     /**
1886      * Get the Handlers associated with this logger.
1887      *
1888      * @return  an array of all registered Handlers
1889      */
1890     public Handler[] getHandlers() {
1891         return accessCheckedHandlers();
1892     }
1893 
1894     // This method should ideally be marked final - but unfortunately
1895     // it needs to be overridden by LogManager.RootLogger
1896     Handler[] accessCheckedHandlers() {
1897         return handlers.toArray(emptyHandlers);
1898     }
1899 
1900     /**
1901      * Specify whether or not this logger should send its output
1902      * to its parent Logger.  This means that any LogRecords will
1903      * also be written to the parent's Handlers, and potentially
1904      * to its parent, recursively up the namespace.
1905      *
1906      * @param useParentHandlers   true if output is to be sent to the
1907      *          logger's parent.
1908      * @throws  SecurityException if a security manager exists,
1909      *          this logger is not anonymous, and the caller
1910      *          does not have LoggingPermission("control").
1911      */
1912     public void setUseParentHandlers(boolean useParentHandlers) {
1913         checkPermission();
1914         this.useParentHandlers = useParentHandlers;
1915     }
1916 
1917     /**
1918      * Discover whether or not this logger is sending its output
1919      * to its parent logger.
1920      *
1921      * @return  true if output is to be sent to the logger's parent
1922      */
1923     public boolean getUseParentHandlers() {
1924         return useParentHandlers;
1925     }
1926 
1927     /**
1928      * Private utility method to map a resource bundle name to an
1929      * actual resource bundle, using a simple one-entry cache.
1930      * Returns null for a null name.
1931      * May also return null if we can't find the resource bundle and
1932      * there is no suitable previous cached value.
1933      *
1934      * @param name the ResourceBundle to locate
1935      * @param useCallersModule if true search using the caller's module.
1936      * @return ResourceBundle specified by name or null if not found
1937      */
1938     private synchronized ResourceBundle findResourceBundle(String name,
1939                                                            boolean useCallersModule) {
1940         // When this method is called from logrb, useCallersModule==false, and
1941         // the resource bundle 'name' is the argument provided to logrb.
1942         // It may, or may not be, equal to lb.resourceBundleName.
1943         // Otherwise, useCallersModule==true, and name is the resource bundle
1944         // name that is set (or will be set) in this logger.
1945         //
1946         // When useCallersModule is false, or when the caller's module is
1947         // null, or when the caller's module is an unnamed module, we look
1948         // first in the TCCL (or the System ClassLoader if the TCCL is null)
1949         // to locate the resource bundle.
1950         //
1951         // Otherwise, if useCallersModule is true, and the caller's module is not
1952         // null, and the caller's module is named, we look in the caller's module
1953         // to locate the resource bundle.
1954         //
1955         // Finally, if the caller's module is not null and is unnamed, and
1956         // useCallersModule is true, we look in the caller's module class loader
1957         // (unless we already looked there in step 1).
1958 
1959         // Return a null bundle for a null name.
1960         if (name == null) {
1961             return null;
1962         }
1963 
1964         Locale currentLocale = Locale.getDefault();
1965         final LoggerBundle lb = loggerBundle;
1966 
1967         // Normally we should hit on our simple one entry cache.
1968         if (lb.userBundle != null &&
1969                 name.equals(lb.resourceBundleName)) {
1970             return lb.userBundle;
1971         } else if (catalog != null && currentLocale.equals(catalogLocale)
1972                 && name.equals(catalogName)) {
1973             return catalog;
1974         }
1975 
1976         // Use the thread's context ClassLoader.  If there isn't one, use the
1977         // {@linkplain java.lang.ClassLoader#getSystemClassLoader() system ClassLoader}.
1978         ClassLoader cl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
1979         if (cl == null) {
1980             cl = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
1981         }
1982 
1983         final Module callerModule = getCallerModule();
1984 
1985         // If useCallersModule is false, we are called by logrb, with a name
1986         // that is provided by the user. In that case we will look in the TCCL.
1987         // We also look in the TCCL if callerModule is null or unnamed.
1988         if (!useCallersModule || callerModule == null || !callerModule.isNamed()) {
1989             try {
1990                 Module mod = cl.getUnnamedModule();
1991                 PrivilegedAction<ResourceBundle> pa = () ->
1992                     ResourceBundle.getBundle(name, currentLocale, mod);
1993                 catalog = AccessController.doPrivileged(pa, null, GET_CLASS_LOADER_PERMISSION);
1994                 catalogName = name;
1995                 catalogLocale = currentLocale;
1996                 return catalog;
1997             } catch (MissingResourceException ex) {
1998                 // We can't find the ResourceBundle in the default
1999                 // ClassLoader.  Drop through.
2000                 if (useCallersModule && callerModule != null) {
2001                     try {
2002                         // We are called by an unnamed module: try with the
2003                         // unnamed module class loader:
2004                         PrivilegedAction<ClassLoader> getModuleClassLoader =
2005                                 () -> callerModule.getClassLoader();
2006                         ClassLoader moduleCL =
2007                                 AccessController.doPrivileged(getModuleClassLoader);
2008                         // moduleCL can be null if the logger is created by a class
2009                         // appended to the bootclasspath.
2010                         // If moduleCL is null we would use cl, but we already tried
2011                         // that above (we first looked in the TCCL for unnamed
2012                         // caller modules) - so there no point in trying again: we
2013                         // won't find anything more this second time.
2014                         // In this case just return null.
2015                         if (moduleCL == cl || moduleCL == null) return null;
2016 
2017                         // we already tried the TCCL and found nothing - so try
2018                         // with the module's loader this time.
2019                         catalog = ResourceBundle.getBundle(name, currentLocale,
2020                                                            moduleCL);
2021                         catalogName = name;
2022                         catalogLocale = currentLocale;
2023                         return catalog;
2024                     } catch (MissingResourceException x) {
2025                         return null; // no luck
2026                     }
2027                 } else {
2028                     return null;
2029                 }
2030             }
2031         } else {
2032             // we should have:
2033             //  useCallersModule && callerModule != null && callerModule.isNamed();
2034             // Try with the caller's module
2035             try {
2036                 // Use the caller's module
2037                 PrivilegedAction<ResourceBundle> pa = () ->
2038                     ResourceBundle.getBundle(name, currentLocale, callerModule);
2039                 catalog = AccessController.doPrivileged(pa, null, GET_CLASS_LOADER_PERMISSION);
2040                 catalogName = name;
2041                 catalogLocale = currentLocale;
2042                 return catalog;
2043             } catch (MissingResourceException ex) {
2044                 return null; // no luck
2045             }
2046         }
2047     }
2048 
2049     // Private utility method to initialize our one entry
2050     // resource bundle name cache and the callers Module
2051     // Note: for consistency reasons, we are careful to check
2052     // that a suitable ResourceBundle exists before setting the
2053     // resourceBundleName field.
2054     // Synchronized to prevent races in setting the fields.
2055     private synchronized void setupResourceInfo(String name,
2056                                                 Class<?> callerClass) {
2057         final LoggerBundle lb = loggerBundle;
2058         if (lb.resourceBundleName != null) {
2059             // this Logger already has a ResourceBundle
2060 
2061             if (lb.resourceBundleName.equals(name)) {
2062                 // the names match so there is nothing more to do
2063                 return;
2064             }
2065 
2066             // cannot change ResourceBundles once they are set
2067             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
2068                 lb.resourceBundleName + " != " + name);
2069         }
2070 
2071         if (name == null) {
2072             return;
2073         }
2074 
2075         setCallerModuleRef(callerClass);
2076         if (isSystemLogger && (callerClass != null && callerClass.getClassLoader() != null)) {
2077             checkPermission();
2078         }
2079 
2080         if (name.equals(SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME)) {
2081             loggerBundle = SYSTEM_BUNDLE;
2082         } else {
2083             ResourceBundle bundle = findResourceBundle(name, true);
2084             if (bundle == null) {
2085                 // We've failed to find an expected ResourceBundle.
2086                 // unset the caller's module since we were unable to find the
2087                 // the bundle using it
2088                 this.callerModuleRef = null;
2089                 throw new MissingResourceException("Can't find " + name + " bundle from ",
2090                         name, "");
2091             }
2092 
2093             loggerBundle = LoggerBundle.get(name, null);
2094         }
2095     }
2096 
2097     /**
2098      * Sets a resource bundle on this logger.
2099      * All messages will be logged using the given resource bundle for its
2100      * specific {@linkplain ResourceBundle#getLocale locale}.
2101      * @param bundle The resource bundle that this logger shall use.
2102      * @throws NullPointerException if the given bundle is {@code null}.
2103      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given bundle doesn't have a
2104      *         {@linkplain ResourceBundle#getBaseBundleName base name},
2105      *         or if this logger already has a resource bundle set but
2106      *         the given bundle has a different base name.
2107      * @throws SecurityException if a security manager exists,
2108      *         this logger is not anonymous, and the caller
2109      *         does not have LoggingPermission("control").
2110      * @since 1.8
2111      */
2112     public void setResourceBundle(ResourceBundle bundle) {
2113         checkPermission();
2114 
2115         // Will throw NPE if bundle is null.
2116         final String baseName = bundle.getBaseBundleName();
2117 
2118         // bundle must have a name
2119         if (baseName == null || baseName.isEmpty()) {
2120             throw new IllegalArgumentException("resource bundle must have a name");
2121         }
2122 
2123         synchronized (this) {
2124             LoggerBundle lb = loggerBundle;
2125             final boolean canReplaceResourceBundle = lb.resourceBundleName == null
2126                     || lb.resourceBundleName.equals(baseName);
2127 
2128             if (!canReplaceResourceBundle) {
2129                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("can't replace resource bundle");
2130             }
2131 
2132 
2133             loggerBundle = LoggerBundle.get(baseName, bundle);
2134         }
2135     }
2136 
2137     /**
2138      * Return the parent for this Logger.
2139      * <p>
2140      * This method returns the nearest extant parent in the namespace.
2141      * Thus if a Logger is called "a.b.c.d", and a Logger called "a.b"
2142      * has been created but no logger "a.b.c" exists, then a call of
2143      * getParent on the Logger "a.b.c.d" will return the Logger "a.b".
2144      * <p>
2145      * The result will be null if it is called on the root Logger
2146      * in the namespace.
2147      *
2148      * @return nearest existing parent Logger
2149      */
2150     public Logger getParent() {
2151         // Note: this used to be synchronized on treeLock.  However, this only
2152         // provided memory semantics, as there was no guarantee that the caller
2153         // would synchronize on treeLock (in fact, there is no way for external
2154         // callers to so synchronize).  Therefore, we have made parent volatile
2155         // instead.
2156         return parent;
2157     }
2158 
2159     /**
2160      * Set the parent for this Logger.  This method is used by
2161      * the LogManager to update a Logger when the namespace changes.
2162      * <p>
2163      * It should not be called from application code.
2164      *
2165      * @param  parent   the new parent logger
2166      * @throws  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and if
2167      *          the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control").
2168      */
2169     public void setParent(Logger parent) {
2170         if (parent == null) {
2171             throw new NullPointerException();
2172         }
2173 
2174         // check permission for all loggers, including anonymous loggers
2175         if (manager == null) {
2176             manager = LogManager.getLogManager();
2177         }
2178         manager.checkPermission();
2179 
2180         doSetParent(parent);
2181     }
2182 
2183     // Private method to do the work for parenting a child
2184     // Logger onto a parent logger.
2185     private void doSetParent(Logger newParent) {
2186 
2187         // System.err.println("doSetParent \"" + getName() + "\" \""
2188         //                              + newParent.getName() + "\"");
2189 
2190         synchronized (treeLock) {
2191 
2192             // Remove ourself from any previous parent.
2193             LogManager.LoggerWeakRef ref = null;
2194             if (parent != null) {
2195                 // assert parent.kids != null;
2196                 for (Iterator<LogManager.LoggerWeakRef> iter = parent.kids.iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
2197                     ref = iter.next();
2198                     Logger kid =  ref.get();
2199                     if (kid == this) {
2200                         // ref is used down below to complete the reparenting
2201                         iter.remove();
2202                         break;
2203                     } else {
2204                         ref = null;
2205                     }
2206                 }
2207                 // We have now removed ourself from our parents' kids.
2208             }
2209 
2210             // Set our new parent.
2211             parent = newParent;
2212             if (parent.kids == null) {
2213                 parent.kids = new ArrayList<>(2);
2214             }
2215             if (ref == null) {
2216                 // we didn't have a previous parent
2217                 ref = manager.new LoggerWeakRef(this);
2218             }
2219             ref.setParentRef(new WeakReference<>(parent));
2220             parent.kids.add(ref);
2221 
2222             // As a result of the reparenting, the effective level
2223             // may have changed for us and our children.
2224             updateEffectiveLevel();
2225 
2226         }
2227     }
2228 
2229     // Package-level method.
2230     // Remove the weak reference for the specified child Logger from the
2231     // kid list. We should only be called from LoggerWeakRef.dispose().
2232     final void removeChildLogger(LogManager.LoggerWeakRef child) {
2233         synchronized (treeLock) {
2234             for (Iterator<LogManager.LoggerWeakRef> iter = kids.iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
2235                 LogManager.LoggerWeakRef ref = iter.next();
2236                 if (ref == child) {
2237                     iter.remove();
2238                     return;
2239                 }
2240             }
2241         }
2242     }
2243 
2244     // Recalculate the effective level for this node and
2245     // recursively for our children.
2246 
2247     private void updateEffectiveLevel() {
2248         // assert Thread.holdsLock(treeLock);
2249 
2250         // Figure out our current effective level.
2251         int newLevelValue;
2252         if (levelObject != null) {
2253             newLevelValue = levelObject.intValue();
2254         } else {
2255             if (parent != null) {
2256                 newLevelValue = parent.levelValue;
2257             } else {
2258                 // This may happen during initialization.
2259                 newLevelValue = Level.INFO.intValue();
2260             }
2261         }
2262 
2263         // If our effective value hasn't changed, we're done.
2264         if (levelValue == newLevelValue) {
2265             return;
2266         }
2267 
2268         levelValue = newLevelValue;
2269 
2270         // System.err.println("effective level: \"" + getName() + "\" := " + level);
2271 
2272         // Recursively update the level on each of our kids.
2273         if (kids != null) {
2274             for (LogManager.LoggerWeakRef ref : kids) {
2275                 Logger kid = ref.get();
2276                 if (kid != null) {
2277                     kid.updateEffectiveLevel();
2278                 }
2279             }
2280         }
2281     }
2282 
2283 
2284     // Private method to get the potentially inherited
2285     // resource bundle and resource bundle name for this Logger.
2286     // This method never returns null.
2287     private LoggerBundle getEffectiveLoggerBundle() {
2288         final LoggerBundle lb = loggerBundle;
2289         if (lb.isSystemBundle()) {
2290             return SYSTEM_BUNDLE;
2291         }
2292 
2293         // first take care of this logger
2294         final ResourceBundle b = getResourceBundle();
2295         if (b != null && b == lb.userBundle) {
2296             return lb;
2297         } else if (b != null) {
2298             // either lb.userBundle is null or getResourceBundle() is
2299             // overriden
2300             final String rbName = getResourceBundleName();
2301             return LoggerBundle.get(rbName, b);
2302         }
2303 
2304         // no resource bundle was specified on this logger, look up the
2305         // parent stack.
2306         Logger target = this.parent;
2307         while (target != null) {
2308             final LoggerBundle trb = target.loggerBundle;
2309             if (trb.isSystemBundle()) {
2310                 return SYSTEM_BUNDLE;
2311             }
2312             if (trb.userBundle != null) {
2313                 return trb;
2314             }
2315             final String rbName = isSystemLogger
2316                 // ancestor of a system logger is expected to be a system logger.
2317                 // ignore resource bundle name if it's not.
2318                 ? (target.isSystemLogger ? trb.resourceBundleName : null)
2319                 : target.getResourceBundleName();
2320             if (rbName != null) {
2321                 return LoggerBundle.get(rbName,
2322                         findResourceBundle(rbName, true));
2323             }
2324             target = isSystemLogger ? target.parent : target.getParent();
2325         }
2326         return NO_RESOURCE_BUNDLE;
2327     }
2328 
2329 }