1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 
  27 package java.util.logging;
  28 
  29 import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
  30 import java.security.AccessController;
  31 import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
  32 import java.util.ArrayList;
  33 import java.util.Iterator;
  34 import java.util.Locale;
  35 import java.util.MissingResourceException;
  36 import java.util.ResourceBundle;
  37 import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
  38 import java.util.function.Supplier;
  39 import sun.reflect.CallerSensitive;
  40 import sun.reflect.Reflection;
  41 
  42 /**
  43  * A Logger object is used to log messages for a specific
  44  * system or application component.  Loggers are normally named,
  45  * using a hierarchical dot-separated namespace.  Logger names
  46  * can be arbitrary strings, but they should normally be based on
  47  * the package name or class name of the logged component, such
  48  * as java.net or javax.swing.  In addition it is possible to create
  49  * "anonymous" Loggers that are not stored in the Logger namespace.
  50  * <p>
  51  * Logger objects may be obtained by calls on one of the getLogger
  52  * factory methods.  These will either create a new Logger or
  53  * return a suitable existing Logger. It is important to note that
  54  * the Logger returned by one of the {@code getLogger} factory methods
  55  * may be garbage collected at any time if a strong reference to the
  56  * Logger is not kept.
  57  * <p>
  58  * Logging messages will be forwarded to registered Handler
  59  * objects, which can forward the messages to a variety of
  60  * destinations, including consoles, files, OS logs, etc.
  61  * <p>
  62  * Each Logger keeps track of a "parent" Logger, which is its
  63  * nearest existing ancestor in the Logger namespace.
  64  * <p>
  65  * Each Logger has a "Level" associated with it.  This reflects
  66  * a minimum Level that this logger cares about.  If a Logger's
  67  * level is set to <tt>null</tt>, then its effective level is inherited
  68  * from its parent, which may in turn obtain it recursively from its
  69  * parent, and so on up the tree.
  70  * <p>
  71  * The log level can be configured based on the properties from the
  72  * logging configuration file, as described in the description
  73  * of the LogManager class.  However it may also be dynamically changed
  74  * by calls on the Logger.setLevel method.  If a logger's level is
  75  * changed the change may also affect child loggers, since any child
  76  * logger that has <tt>null</tt> as its level will inherit its
  77  * effective level from its parent.
  78  * <p>
  79  * On each logging call the Logger initially performs a cheap
  80  * check of the request level (e.g., SEVERE or FINE) against the
  81  * effective log level of the logger.  If the request level is
  82  * lower than the log level, the logging call returns immediately.
  83  * <p>
  84  * After passing this initial (cheap) test, the Logger will allocate
  85  * a LogRecord to describe the logging message.  It will then call a
  86  * Filter (if present) to do a more detailed check on whether the
  87  * record should be published.  If that passes it will then publish
  88  * the LogRecord to its output Handlers.  By default, loggers also
  89  * publish to their parent's Handlers, recursively up the tree.
  90  * <p>
  91  * Each Logger may have a ResourceBundle name associated with it.
  92  * The named bundle will be used for localizing logging messages.
  93  * If a Logger does not have its own ResourceBundle name, then
  94  * it will inherit the ResourceBundle name from its parent,
  95  * recursively up the tree.
  96  * <p>
  97  * Most of the logger output methods take a "msg" argument.  This
  98  * msg argument may be either a raw value or a localization key.
  99  * During formatting, if the logger has (or inherits) a localization
 100  * ResourceBundle and if the ResourceBundle has a mapping for the msg
 101  * string, then the msg string is replaced by the localized value.
 102  * Otherwise the original msg string is used.  Typically, formatters use
 103  * java.text.MessageFormat style formatting to format parameters, so
 104  * for example a format string "{0} {1}" would format two parameters
 105  * as strings.
 106  * <p>
 107  * A set of methods alternatively take a "msgSupplier" instead of a "msg"
 108  * argument.  These methods take a {@link Supplier}{@code <String>} function
 109  * which is invoked to construct the desired log message only when the message
 110  * actually is to be logged based on the effective log level thus eliminating
 111  * unnecessary message construction. For example, if the developer wants to
 112  * log system health status for diagnosis, with the String-accepting version,
 113  * the code would look like:
 114  <pre><code>
 115 
 116    class DiagnosisMessages {
 117      static String systemHealthStatus() {
 118        // collect system health information
 119        ...
 120      }
 121    }
 122    ...
 123    logger.log(Level.FINER, DiagnosisMessages.systemHealthStatus());
 124 </code></pre>
 125  * With the above code, the health status is collected unnecessarily even when
 126  * the log level FINER is disabled. With the Supplier-accepting version as
 127  * below, the status will only be collected when the log level FINER is
 128  * enabled.
 129  <pre><code>
 130 
 131    logger.log(Level.FINER, DiagnosisMessages::systemHealthStatus);
 132 </code></pre>
 133  * <p>
 134  * When mapping ResourceBundle names to ResourceBundles, the Logger
 135  * will first try to use the Thread's ContextClassLoader.  If that
 136  * is null it will try the
 137  * {@linkplain java.lang.ClassLoader#getSystemClassLoader() system ClassLoader} instead.
 138  * <p>
 139  * Formatting (including localization) is the responsibility of
 140  * the output Handler, which will typically call a Formatter.
 141  * <p>
 142  * Note that formatting need not occur synchronously.  It may be delayed
 143  * until a LogRecord is actually written to an external sink.
 144  * <p>
 145  * The logging methods are grouped in five main categories:
 146  * <ul>
 147  * <li><p>
 148  *     There are a set of "log" methods that take a log level, a message
 149  *     string, and optionally some parameters to the message string.
 150  * <li><p>
 151  *     There are a set of "logp" methods (for "log precise") that are
 152  *     like the "log" methods, but also take an explicit source class name
 153  *     and method name.
 154  * <li><p>
 155  *     There are a set of "logrb" method (for "log with resource bundle")
 156  *     that are like the "logp" method, but also take an explicit resource
 157  *     bundle name for use in localizing the log message.
 158  * <li><p>
 159  *     There are convenience methods for tracing method entries (the
 160  *     "entering" methods), method returns (the "exiting" methods) and
 161  *     throwing exceptions (the "throwing" methods).
 162  * <li><p>
 163  *     Finally, there are a set of convenience methods for use in the
 164  *     very simplest cases, when a developer simply wants to log a
 165  *     simple string at a given log level.  These methods are named
 166  *     after the standard Level names ("severe", "warning", "info", etc.)
 167  *     and take a single argument, a message string.
 168  * </ul>
 169  * <p>
 170  * For the methods that do not take an explicit source name and
 171  * method name, the Logging framework will make a "best effort"
 172  * to determine which class and method called into the logging method.
 173  * However, it is important to realize that this automatically inferred
 174  * information may only be approximate (or may even be quite wrong!).
 175  * Virtual machines are allowed to do extensive optimizations when
 176  * JITing and may entirely remove stack frames, making it impossible
 177  * to reliably locate the calling class and method.
 178  * <P>
 179  * All methods on Logger are multi-thread safe.
 180  * <p>
 181  * <b>Subclassing Information:</b> Note that a LogManager class may
 182  * provide its own implementation of named Loggers for any point in
 183  * the namespace.  Therefore, any subclasses of Logger (unless they
 184  * are implemented in conjunction with a new LogManager class) should
 185  * take care to obtain a Logger instance from the LogManager class and
 186  * should delegate operations such as "isLoggable" and "log(LogRecord)"
 187  * to that instance.  Note that in order to intercept all logging
 188  * output, subclasses need only override the log(LogRecord) method.
 189  * All the other logging methods are implemented as calls on this
 190  * log(LogRecord) method.
 191  *
 192  * @since 1.4
 193  */
 194 public class Logger {
 195     private static final Handler emptyHandlers[] = new Handler[0];
 196     private static final int offValue = Level.OFF.intValue();
 197     private LogManager manager;
 198     private String name;
 199     private final CopyOnWriteArrayList<Handler> handlers =
 200         new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
 201     private String resourceBundleName;  // Base name of the bundle.
 202     private ResourceBundle userBundle;  // Bundle set through setResourceBundle.
 203     private volatile boolean useParentHandlers = true;
 204     private volatile Filter filter;
 205     private boolean anonymous;
 206 
 207     // Cache to speed up behavior of findResourceBundle:
 208     private ResourceBundle catalog;     // Cached resource bundle
 209     private String catalogName;         // name associated with catalog
 210     private Locale catalogLocale;       // locale associated with catalog
 211 
 212     // The fields relating to parent-child relationships and levels
 213     // are managed under a separate lock, the treeLock.
 214     private static final Object treeLock = new Object();
 215     // We keep weak references from parents to children, but strong
 216     // references from children to parents.
 217     private volatile Logger parent;    // our nearest parent.
 218     private ArrayList<LogManager.LoggerWeakRef> kids;   // WeakReferences to loggers that have us as parent
 219     private volatile Level levelObject;
 220     private volatile int levelValue;  // current effective level value
 221     private WeakReference<ClassLoader> callersClassLoaderRef;
 222 
 223     /**
 224      * GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME is a name for the global logger.
 225      *
 226      * @since 1.6
 227      */
 228     public static final String GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME = "global";
 229 
 230     /**
 231      * Return global logger object with the name Logger.GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME.
 232      *
 233      * @return global logger object
 234      * @since 1.7
 235      */
 236     public static final Logger getGlobal() {
 237         // In order to break a cyclic dependence between the LogManager
 238         // and Logger static initializers causing deadlocks, the global
 239         // logger is created with a special constructor that does not
 240         // initialize its log manager.
 241         //
 242         // If an application calls Logger.getGlobal() before any logger
 243         // has been initialized, it is therefore possible that the
 244         // LogManager class has not been initialized yet, and therefore
 245         // Logger.global.manager will be null.
 246         //
 247         // In order to finish the initialization of the global logger, we
 248         // will therefore call LogManager.getLogManager() here.
 249         //
 250         // To prevent race conditions we also need to call
 251         // LogManager.getLogManager() unconditionally here.
 252         // Indeed we cannot rely on the observed value of global.manager,
 253         // because global.manager will become not null somewhere during
 254         // the initialization of LogManager.
 255         // If two threads are calling getGlobal() concurrently, one thread
 256         // will see global.manager null and call LogManager.getLogManager(),
 257         // but the other thread could come in at a time when global.manager
 258         // is already set although ensureLogManagerInitialized is not finished
 259         // yet...
 260         // Calling LogManager.getLogManager() unconditionally will fix that.
 261 
 262         LogManager.getLogManager();
 263 
 264         // Now the global LogManager should be initialized,
 265         // and the global logger should have been added to
 266         // it, unless we were called within the constructor of a LogManager
 267         // subclass installed as LogManager, in which case global.manager
 268         // would still be null, and global will be lazily initialized later on.
 269 
 270         return global;
 271     }
 272 
 273     /**
 274      * The "global" Logger object is provided as a convenience to developers
 275      * who are making casual use of the Logging package.  Developers
 276      * who are making serious use of the logging package (for example
 277      * in products) should create and use their own Logger objects,
 278      * with appropriate names, so that logging can be controlled on a
 279      * suitable per-Logger granularity. Developers also need to keep a
 280      * strong reference to their Logger objects to prevent them from
 281      * being garbage collected.
 282      * <p>
 283      * @deprecated Initialization of this field is prone to deadlocks.
 284      * The field must be initialized by the Logger class initialization
 285      * which may cause deadlocks with the LogManager class initialization.
 286      * In such cases two class initialization wait for each other to complete.
 287      * The preferred way to get the global logger object is via the call
 288      * <code>Logger.getGlobal()</code>.
 289      * For compatibility with old JDK versions where the
 290      * <code>Logger.getGlobal()</code> is not available use the call
 291      * <code>Logger.getLogger(Logger.GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME)</code>
 292      * or <code>Logger.getLogger("global")</code>.
 293      */
 294     @Deprecated
 295     public static final Logger global = new Logger(GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME);
 296 
 297     /**
 298      * Protected method to construct a logger for a named subsystem.
 299      * <p>
 300      * The logger will be initially configured with a null Level
 301      * and with useParentHandlers set to true.
 302      *
 303      * @param   name    A name for the logger.  This should
 304      *                          be a dot-separated name and should normally
 305      *                          be based on the package name or class name
 306      *                          of the subsystem, such as java.net
 307      *                          or javax.swing.  It may be null for anonymous Loggers.
 308      * @param   resourceBundleName  name of ResourceBundle to be used for localizing
 309      *                          messages for this logger.  May be null if none
 310      *                          of the messages require localization.
 311      * @throws MissingResourceException if the resourceBundleName is non-null and
 312      *             no corresponding resource can be found.
 313      */
 314     protected Logger(String name, String resourceBundleName) {
 315         this(name, resourceBundleName, null, LogManager.getLogManager());
 316     }
 317 
 318     Logger(String name, String resourceBundleName, Class<?> caller, LogManager manager) {
 319         this.manager = manager;
 320         setupResourceInfo(resourceBundleName, caller);
 321         this.name = name;
 322         levelValue = Level.INFO.intValue();
 323     }
 324 
 325     private void setCallersClassLoaderRef(Class<?> caller) {
 326         ClassLoader callersClassLoader = ((caller != null)
 327                                          ? caller.getClassLoader()
 328                                          : null);
 329         if (callersClassLoader != null) {
 330             this.callersClassLoaderRef = new WeakReference(callersClassLoader);
 331         }
 332     }
 333 
 334     private ClassLoader getCallersClassLoader() {
 335         return (callersClassLoaderRef != null)
 336                 ? callersClassLoaderRef.get()
 337                 : null;
 338     }
 339 
 340     // This constructor is used only to create the global Logger.
 341     // It is needed to break a cyclic dependence between the LogManager
 342     // and Logger static initializers causing deadlocks.
 343     private Logger(String name) {
 344         // The manager field is not initialized here.
 345         this.name = name;
 346         levelValue = Level.INFO.intValue();
 347     }
 348 
 349     // It is called from LoggerContext.addLocalLogger() when the logger
 350     // is actually added to a LogManager.
 351     void setLogManager(LogManager manager) {
 352         this.manager = manager;
 353     }
 354 
 355     private void checkPermission() throws SecurityException {
 356         if (!anonymous) {
 357             if (manager == null) {
 358                 // Complete initialization of the global Logger.
 359                 manager = LogManager.getLogManager();
 360             }
 361             manager.checkPermission();
 362         }
 363     }
 364 
 365     // Until all JDK code converted to call sun.util.logging.PlatformLogger
 366     // (see 7054233), we need to determine if Logger.getLogger is to add
 367     // a system logger or user logger.
 368     //
 369     // As an interim solution, if the immediate caller whose caller loader is
 370     // null, we assume it's a system logger and add it to the system context.
 371     // These system loggers only set the resource bundle to the given
 372     // resource bundle name (rather than the default system resource bundle).
 373     private static class SystemLoggerHelper {
 374         static boolean disableCallerCheck = getBooleanProperty("sun.util.logging.disableCallerCheck");
 375         private static boolean getBooleanProperty(final String key) {
 376             String s = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<String>() {
 377                 @Override
 378                 public String run() {
 379                     return System.getProperty(key);
 380                 }
 381             });
 382             return Boolean.valueOf(s);
 383         }
 384     }
 385 
 386     private static Logger demandLogger(String name, String resourceBundleName, Class<?> caller) {
 387         LogManager manager = LogManager.getLogManager();
 388         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
 389         if (sm != null && !SystemLoggerHelper.disableCallerCheck) {
 390             if (caller.getClassLoader() == null) {
 391                 return manager.demandSystemLogger(name, resourceBundleName);
 392             }
 393         }
 394         return manager.demandLogger(name, resourceBundleName, caller);
 395         // ends up calling new Logger(name, resourceBundleName, caller)
 396         // iff the logger doesn't exist already
 397     }
 398 
 399     /**
 400      * Find or create a logger for a named subsystem.  If a logger has
 401      * already been created with the given name it is returned.  Otherwise
 402      * a new logger is created.
 403      * <p>
 404      * If a new logger is created its log level will be configured
 405      * based on the LogManager configuration and it will configured
 406      * to also send logging output to its parent's Handlers.  It will
 407      * be registered in the LogManager global namespace.
 408      * <p>
 409      * Note: The LogManager may only retain a weak reference to the newly
 410      * created Logger. It is important to understand that a previously
 411      * created Logger with the given name may be garbage collected at any
 412      * time if there is no strong reference to the Logger. In particular,
 413      * this means that two back-to-back calls like
 414      * {@code getLogger("MyLogger").log(...)} may use different Logger
 415      * objects named "MyLogger" if there is no strong reference to the
 416      * Logger named "MyLogger" elsewhere in the program.
 417      *
 418      * @param   name            A name for the logger.  This should
 419      *                          be a dot-separated name and should normally
 420      *                          be based on the package name or class name
 421      *                          of the subsystem, such as java.net
 422      *                          or javax.swing
 423      * @return a suitable Logger
 424      * @throws NullPointerException if the name is null.
 425      */
 426 
 427     // Synchronization is not required here. All synchronization for
 428     // adding a new Logger object is handled by LogManager.addLogger().
 429     @CallerSensitive
 430     public static Logger getLogger(String name) {
 431         // This method is intentionally not a wrapper around a call
 432         // to getLogger(name, resourceBundleName). If it were then
 433         // this sequence:
 434         //
 435         //     getLogger("Foo", "resourceBundleForFoo");
 436         //     getLogger("Foo");
 437         //
 438         // would throw an IllegalArgumentException in the second call
 439         // because the wrapper would result in an attempt to replace
 440         // the existing "resourceBundleForFoo" with null.
 441         return demandLogger(name, null, Reflection.getCallerClass());
 442     }
 443 
 444     /**
 445      * Find or create a logger for a named subsystem.  If a logger has
 446      * already been created with the given name it is returned.  Otherwise
 447      * a new logger is created.
 448      * <p>
 449      * If a new logger is created its log level will be configured
 450      * based on the LogManager and it will configured to also send logging
 451      * output to its parent's Handlers.  It will be registered in
 452      * the LogManager global namespace.
 453      * <p>
 454      * Note: The LogManager may only retain a weak reference to the newly
 455      * created Logger. It is important to understand that a previously
 456      * created Logger with the given name may be garbage collected at any
 457      * time if there is no strong reference to the Logger. In particular,
 458      * this means that two back-to-back calls like
 459      * {@code getLogger("MyLogger", ...).log(...)} may use different Logger
 460      * objects named "MyLogger" if there is no strong reference to the
 461      * Logger named "MyLogger" elsewhere in the program.
 462      * <p>
 463      * If the named Logger already exists and does not yet have a
 464      * localization resource bundle then the given resource bundle
 465      * name is used.  If the named Logger already exists and has
 466      * a different resource bundle name then an IllegalArgumentException
 467      * is thrown.
 468      * <p>
 469      * @param   name    A name for the logger.  This should
 470      *                          be a dot-separated name and should normally
 471      *                          be based on the package name or class name
 472      *                          of the subsystem, such as java.net
 473      *                          or javax.swing
 474      * @param   resourceBundleName  name of ResourceBundle to be used for localizing
 475      *                          messages for this logger. May be {@code null}
 476      *                          if none of the messages require localization.
 477      * @return a suitable Logger
 478      * @throws MissingResourceException if the resourceBundleName is non-null and
 479      *             no corresponding resource can be found.
 480      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the Logger already exists and uses
 481      *             a different resource bundle name; or if
 482      *             {@code resourceBundleName} is {@code null} but the named
 483      *             logger has a resource bundle set.
 484      * @throws NullPointerException if the name is null.
 485      */
 486 
 487     // Synchronization is not required here. All synchronization for
 488     // adding a new Logger object is handled by LogManager.addLogger().
 489     @CallerSensitive
 490     public static Logger getLogger(String name, String resourceBundleName) {
 491         Class<?> callerClass = Reflection.getCallerClass();
 492         Logger result = demandLogger(name, resourceBundleName, callerClass);
 493 
 494         // MissingResourceException or IllegalArgumentException can be
 495         // thrown by setupResourceInfo().
 496         // We have to set the callers ClassLoader here in case demandLogger
 497         // above found a previously created Logger.  This can happen, for
 498         // example, if Logger.getLogger(name) is called and subsequently
 499         // Logger.getLogger(name, resourceBundleName) is called.  In this case
 500         // we won't necessarily have the correct classloader saved away, so
 501         // we need to set it here, too.
 502 
 503         result.setupResourceInfo(resourceBundleName, callerClass);
 504         return result;
 505     }
 506 
 507     // package-private
 508     // Add a platform logger to the system context.
 509     // i.e. caller of sun.util.logging.PlatformLogger.getLogger
 510     static Logger getPlatformLogger(String name) {
 511         LogManager manager = LogManager.getLogManager();
 512 
 513         // all loggers in the system context will default to
 514         // the system logger's resource bundle
 515         Logger result = manager.demandSystemLogger(name, SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME);
 516         return result;
 517     }
 518 
 519     /**
 520      * Create an anonymous Logger.  The newly created Logger is not
 521      * registered in the LogManager namespace.  There will be no
 522      * access checks on updates to the logger.
 523      * <p>
 524      * This factory method is primarily intended for use from applets.
 525      * Because the resulting Logger is anonymous it can be kept private
 526      * by the creating class.  This removes the need for normal security
 527      * checks, which in turn allows untrusted applet code to update
 528      * the control state of the Logger.  For example an applet can do
 529      * a setLevel or an addHandler on an anonymous Logger.
 530      * <p>
 531      * Even although the new logger is anonymous, it is configured
 532      * to have the root logger ("") as its parent.  This means that
 533      * by default it inherits its effective level and handlers
 534      * from the root logger.
 535      * <p>
 536      *
 537      * @return a newly created private Logger
 538      */
 539     public static Logger getAnonymousLogger() {
 540         return getAnonymousLogger(null);
 541     }
 542 
 543     /**
 544      * Create an anonymous Logger.  The newly created Logger is not
 545      * registered in the LogManager namespace.  There will be no
 546      * access checks on updates to the logger.
 547      * <p>
 548      * This factory method is primarily intended for use from applets.
 549      * Because the resulting Logger is anonymous it can be kept private
 550      * by the creating class.  This removes the need for normal security
 551      * checks, which in turn allows untrusted applet code to update
 552      * the control state of the Logger.  For example an applet can do
 553      * a setLevel or an addHandler on an anonymous Logger.
 554      * <p>
 555      * Even although the new logger is anonymous, it is configured
 556      * to have the root logger ("") as its parent.  This means that
 557      * by default it inherits its effective level and handlers
 558      * from the root logger.
 559      * <p>
 560      * @param   resourceBundleName  name of ResourceBundle to be used for localizing
 561      *                          messages for this logger.
 562      *          May be null if none of the messages require localization.
 563      * @return a newly created private Logger
 564      * @throws MissingResourceException if the resourceBundleName is non-null and
 565      *             no corresponding resource can be found.
 566      */
 567 
 568     // Synchronization is not required here. All synchronization for
 569     // adding a new anonymous Logger object is handled by doSetParent().
 570     @CallerSensitive
 571     public static Logger getAnonymousLogger(String resourceBundleName) {
 572         LogManager manager = LogManager.getLogManager();
 573         // cleanup some Loggers that have been GC'ed
 574         manager.drainLoggerRefQueueBounded();
 575         Logger result = new Logger(null, resourceBundleName,
 576                                    Reflection.getCallerClass(), manager);
 577         result.anonymous = true;
 578         Logger root = manager.getLogger("");
 579         result.doSetParent(root);
 580         return result;
 581     }
 582 
 583     /**
 584      * Retrieve the localization resource bundle for this
 585      * logger for the current default locale.  Note that if
 586      * the result is null, then the Logger will use a resource
 587      * bundle inherited from its parent.
 588      *
 589      * @return localization bundle (may be null)
 590      */
 591     public ResourceBundle getResourceBundle() {
 592         return findResourceBundle(getResourceBundleName(), true);
 593     }
 594 
 595     /**
 596      * Retrieve the localization resource bundle name for this
 597      * logger.  Note that if the result is null, then the Logger
 598      * will use a resource bundle name inherited from its parent.
 599      *
 600      * @return localization bundle name (may be null)
 601      */
 602     public String getResourceBundleName() {
 603         return resourceBundleName;
 604     }
 605 
 606     /**
 607      * Set a filter to control output on this Logger.
 608      * <P>
 609      * After passing the initial "level" check, the Logger will
 610      * call this Filter to check if a log record should really
 611      * be published.
 612      *
 613      * @param   newFilter  a filter object (may be null)
 614      * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and if
 615      *             the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control").
 616      */
 617     public void setFilter(Filter newFilter) throws SecurityException {
 618         checkPermission();
 619         filter = newFilter;
 620     }
 621 
 622     /**
 623      * Get the current filter for this Logger.
 624      *
 625      * @return  a filter object (may be null)
 626      */
 627     public Filter getFilter() {
 628         return filter;
 629     }
 630 
 631     /**
 632      * Log a LogRecord.
 633      * <p>
 634      * All the other logging methods in this class call through
 635      * this method to actually perform any logging.  Subclasses can
 636      * override this single method to capture all log activity.
 637      *
 638      * @param record the LogRecord to be published
 639      */
 640     public void log(LogRecord record) {
 641         if (!isLoggable(record.getLevel())) {
 642             return;
 643         }
 644         Filter theFilter = filter;
 645         if (theFilter != null && !theFilter.isLoggable(record)) {
 646             return;
 647         }
 648 
 649         // Post the LogRecord to all our Handlers, and then to
 650         // our parents' handlers, all the way up the tree.
 651 
 652         Logger logger = this;
 653         while (logger != null) {
 654             for (Handler handler : logger.getHandlers()) {
 655                 handler.publish(record);
 656             }
 657 
 658             if (!logger.getUseParentHandlers()) {
 659                 break;
 660             }
 661 
 662             logger = logger.getParent();
 663         }
 664     }
 665 
 666     // private support method for logging.
 667     // We fill in the logger name, resource bundle name, and
 668     // resource bundle and then call "void log(LogRecord)".
 669     private void doLog(LogRecord lr) {
 670         lr.setLoggerName(name);
 671         final ResourceBundle bundle = getEffectiveResourceBundle();
 672         final String ebname = getEffectiveResourceBundleName();
 673         if (ebname != null && bundle != null) {
 674             lr.setResourceBundleName(ebname);
 675             lr.setResourceBundle(bundle);
 676         }
 677         log(lr);
 678     }
 679 
 680 
 681     //================================================================
 682     // Start of convenience methods WITHOUT className and methodName
 683     //================================================================
 684 
 685     /**
 686      * Log a message, with no arguments.
 687      * <p>
 688      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 689      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
 690      * registered output Handler objects.
 691      * <p>
 692      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 693      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
 694      */
 695     public void log(Level level, String msg) {
 696         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 697             return;
 698         }
 699         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
 700         doLog(lr);
 701     }
 702 
 703     /**
 704      * Log a message, which is only to be constructed if the logging level
 705      * is such that the message will actually be logged.
 706      * <p>
 707      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 708      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
 709      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
 710      * Handler objects.
 711      * <p>
 712      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 713      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
 714      *                        desired log message
 715      */
 716     public void log(Level level, Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
 717         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 718             return;
 719         }
 720         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msgSupplier.get());
 721         doLog(lr);
 722     }
 723 
 724     /**
 725      * Log a message, with one object parameter.
 726      * <p>
 727      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 728      * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
 729      * to all the registered output Handler objects.
 730      * <p>
 731      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 732      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
 733      * @param   param1  parameter to the message
 734      */
 735     public void log(Level level, String msg, Object param1) {
 736         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 737             return;
 738         }
 739         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
 740         Object params[] = { param1 };
 741         lr.setParameters(params);
 742         doLog(lr);
 743     }
 744 
 745     /**
 746      * Log a message, with an array of object arguments.
 747      * <p>
 748      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 749      * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
 750      * to all the registered output Handler objects.
 751      * <p>
 752      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 753      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
 754      * @param   params  array of parameters to the message
 755      */
 756     public void log(Level level, String msg, Object params[]) {
 757         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 758             return;
 759         }
 760         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
 761         lr.setParameters(params);
 762         doLog(lr);
 763     }
 764 
 765     /**
 766      * Log a message, with associated Throwable information.
 767      * <p>
 768      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 769      * level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
 770      * which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
 771      * <p>
 772      * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
 773      * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus it is
 774      * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
 775      * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
 776      * <p>
 777      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 778      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
 779      * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with log message.
 780      */
 781     public void log(Level level, String msg, Throwable thrown) {
 782         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 783             return;
 784         }
 785         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
 786         lr.setThrown(thrown);
 787         doLog(lr);
 788     }
 789 
 790     /**
 791      * Log a lazily constructed message, with associated Throwable information.
 792      * <p>
 793      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message level then the
 794      * message is constructed by invoking the provided supplier function. The
 795      * message and the given {@link Throwable} are then stored in a {@link
 796      * LogRecord} which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
 797      * <p>
 798      * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
 799      * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus it is
 800      * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
 801      * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
 802      * <p>
 803      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 804      * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with log message.
 805      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
 806      *                        desired log message
 807      * @since   1.8
 808      */
 809     public void log(Level level, Throwable thrown, Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
 810         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 811             return;
 812         }
 813         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msgSupplier.get());
 814         lr.setThrown(thrown);
 815         doLog(lr);
 816     }
 817 
 818     //================================================================
 819     // Start of convenience methods WITH className and methodName
 820     //================================================================
 821 
 822     /**
 823      * Log a message, specifying source class and method,
 824      * with no arguments.
 825      * <p>
 826      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 827      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
 828      * registered output Handler objects.
 829      * <p>
 830      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 831      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
 832      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
 833      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
 834      */
 835     public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod, String msg) {
 836         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 837             return;
 838         }
 839         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
 840         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
 841         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
 842         doLog(lr);
 843     }
 844 
 845     /**
 846      * Log a lazily constructed message, specifying source class and method,
 847      * with no arguments.
 848      * <p>
 849      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 850      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
 851      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
 852      * Handler objects.
 853      * <p>
 854      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 855      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
 856      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
 857      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
 858      *                        desired log message
 859      * @since   1.8
 860      */
 861     public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
 862                      Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
 863         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 864             return;
 865         }
 866         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msgSupplier.get());
 867         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
 868         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
 869         doLog(lr);
 870     }
 871 
 872     /**
 873      * Log a message, specifying source class and method,
 874      * with a single object parameter to the log message.
 875      * <p>
 876      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 877      * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
 878      * to all the registered output Handler objects.
 879      * <p>
 880      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 881      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
 882      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
 883      * @param   msg      The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
 884      * @param   param1    Parameter to the log message.
 885      */
 886     public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
 887                                                 String msg, Object param1) {
 888         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 889             return;
 890         }
 891         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
 892         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
 893         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
 894         Object params[] = { param1 };
 895         lr.setParameters(params);
 896         doLog(lr);
 897     }
 898 
 899     /**
 900      * Log a message, specifying source class and method,
 901      * with an array of object arguments.
 902      * <p>
 903      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 904      * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
 905      * to all the registered output Handler objects.
 906      * <p>
 907      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 908      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
 909      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
 910      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
 911      * @param   params  Array of parameters to the message
 912      */
 913     public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
 914                                                 String msg, Object params[]) {
 915         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 916             return;
 917         }
 918         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
 919         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
 920         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
 921         lr.setParameters(params);
 922         doLog(lr);
 923     }
 924 
 925     /**
 926      * Log a message, specifying source class and method,
 927      * with associated Throwable information.
 928      * <p>
 929      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
 930      * level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
 931      * which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
 932      * <p>
 933      * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
 934      * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus it is
 935      * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
 936      * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
 937      * <p>
 938      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 939      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
 940      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
 941      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
 942      * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with log message.
 943      */
 944     public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
 945                      String msg, Throwable thrown) {
 946         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 947             return;
 948         }
 949         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
 950         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
 951         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
 952         lr.setThrown(thrown);
 953         doLog(lr);
 954     }
 955 
 956     /**
 957      * Log a lazily constructed message, specifying source class and method,
 958      * with associated Throwable information.
 959      * <p>
 960      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message level then the
 961      * message is constructed by invoking the provided supplier function. The
 962      * message and the given {@link Throwable} are then stored in a {@link
 963      * LogRecord} which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
 964      * <p>
 965      * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
 966      * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus it is
 967      * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
 968      * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
 969      * <p>
 970      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
 971      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
 972      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
 973      * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with log message.
 974      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
 975      *                        desired log message
 976      * @since   1.8
 977      */
 978     public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
 979                      Throwable thrown, Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
 980         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
 981             return;
 982         }
 983         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msgSupplier.get());
 984         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
 985         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
 986         lr.setThrown(thrown);
 987         doLog(lr);
 988     }
 989 
 990 
 991     //=========================================================================
 992     // Start of convenience methods WITH className, methodName and bundle name.
 993     //=========================================================================
 994 
 995     // Private support method for logging for "logrb" methods.
 996     // We fill in the logger name, resource bundle name, and
 997     // resource bundle and then call "void log(LogRecord)".
 998     private void doLog(LogRecord lr, String rbname) {
 999         lr.setLoggerName(name);
1000         if (rbname != null) {
1001             lr.setResourceBundleName(rbname);
1002             lr.setResourceBundle(findResourceBundle(rbname, false));
1003         }
1004         log(lr);
1005     }
1006 
1007     // Private support method for logging for "logrb" methods.
1008     private void doLog(LogRecord lr, ResourceBundle rb) {
1009         lr.setLoggerName(name);
1010         if (rb != null) {
1011             lr.setResourceBundleName(rb.getBaseBundleName());
1012             lr.setResourceBundle(rb);
1013         }
1014         log(lr);
1015     }
1016 
1017     /**
1018      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name
1019      * with no arguments.
1020      * <p>
1021      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1022      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1023      * registered output Handler objects.
1024      * <p>
1025      * The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
1026      * resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
1027      * then the msg string is not localized.
1028      * <p>
1029      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1030      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1031      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1032      * @param   bundleName     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
1033      *                         can be null
1034      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1035      * @deprecated Use {@link #logrb(java.util.logging.Level, java.lang.String,
1036      * java.lang.String, java.util.ResourceBundle, java.lang.String)} instead.
1037      */
1038     @Deprecated
1039     public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1040                                 String bundleName, String msg) {
1041         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1042             return;
1043         }
1044         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1045         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1046         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1047         doLog(lr, bundleName);
1048     }
1049 
1050     /**
1051      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle
1052      * with no arguments.
1053      * <p>
1054      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1055      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1056      * registered output Handler objects.
1057      * <p>
1058      * The msg string is localized using the given resource bundle.  If the
1059      * resource bundle is null, then the msg string is not localized.
1060      * <p>
1061      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1062      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1063      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1064      * @param   bundle         resource bundle to localize msg,
1065      *                         can be null
1066      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1067      * @since 1.8
1068      */
1069     public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1070                                 ResourceBundle bundle, String msg) {
1071         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1072             return;
1073         }
1074         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1075         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1076         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1077         doLog(lr, bundle);
1078     }
1079 
1080     /**
1081      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name,
1082      * with a single object parameter to the log message.
1083      * <p>
1084      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1085      * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
1086      * to all the registered output Handler objects.
1087      * <p>
1088      * The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
1089      * resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
1090      * then the msg string is not localized.
1091      * <p>
1092      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1093      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1094      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1095      * @param   bundleName     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
1096      *                         can be null
1097      * @param   msg      The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1098      * @param   param1    Parameter to the log message.
1099      * @deprecated Use {@link #logrb(java.util.logging.Level, java.lang.String,
1100      *   java.lang.String, java.util.ResourceBundle, java.lang.String,
1101      *   java.lang.Object)} instead
1102      */
1103     @Deprecated
1104     public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1105                                 String bundleName, String msg, Object param1) {
1106         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1107             return;
1108         }
1109         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1110         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1111         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1112         Object params[] = { param1 };
1113         lr.setParameters(params);
1114         doLog(lr, bundleName);
1115     }
1116 
1117     /**
1118      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle,
1119      * with a single object parameter to the log message.
1120      * <p>
1121      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1122      * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
1123      * to all the registered output Handler objects.
1124      * <p>
1125      * The msg string is localized using the given resource bundle.  If the
1126      * resource bundle is null, then the msg string is not localized.
1127      * <p>
1128      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1129      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1130      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1131      * @param   bundle         resource bundle to localize msg,
1132      *                         can be null
1133      * @param   msg       The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1134      * @param   param1    Parameter to the log message.
1135      * @since 1.8
1136      */
1137     public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1138                                ResourceBundle bundle, String msg, Object param1) {
1139         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1140             return;
1141         }
1142         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1143         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1144         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1145         Object params[] = { param1 };
1146         lr.setParameters(params);
1147         doLog(lr, bundle);
1148     }
1149 
1150     /**
1151      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name,
1152      * with an array of object arguments.
1153      * <p>
1154      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1155      * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
1156      * to all the registered output Handler objects.
1157      * <p>
1158      * The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
1159      * resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
1160      * then the msg string is not localized.
1161      * <p>
1162      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1163      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1164      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1165      * @param   bundleName     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
1166      *                         can be null.
1167      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1168      * @param   params  Array of parameters to the message
1169      * @deprecated Use {@link #logrb(java.util.logging.Level, java.lang.String,
1170      *      java.lang.String, java.util.ResourceBundle, java.lang.String,
1171      *      java.lang.Object[])} instead.
1172      */
1173     @Deprecated
1174     public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1175                                 String bundleName, String msg, Object params[]) {
1176         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1177             return;
1178         }
1179         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1180         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1181         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1182         lr.setParameters(params);
1183         doLog(lr, bundleName);
1184     }
1185 
1186     /**
1187      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle,
1188      * with an array of object arguments.
1189      * <p>
1190      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1191      * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
1192      * to all the registered output Handler objects.
1193      * <p>
1194      * The msg string is localized using the given resource bundle.  If the
1195      * resource bundle is null, then the msg string is not localized.
1196      * <p>
1197      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1198      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1199      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1200      * @param   bundle         resource bundle to localize msg,
1201      *                         can be null.
1202      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1203      * @param   params  Array of parameters to the message
1204      * @since 1.8
1205      */
1206     public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1207                                 ResourceBundle bundle, String msg, Object params[]) {
1208         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1209             return;
1210         }
1211         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1212         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1213         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1214         lr.setParameters(params);
1215         doLog(lr, bundle);
1216     }
1217 
1218     /**
1219      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name,
1220      * with associated Throwable information.
1221      * <p>
1222      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1223      * level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
1224      * which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
1225      * <p>
1226      * The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
1227      * resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
1228      * then the msg string is not localized.
1229      * <p>
1230      * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
1231      * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus it is
1232      * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
1233      * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
1234      * <p>
1235      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1236      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1237      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1238      * @param   bundleName     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
1239      *                         can be null
1240      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1241      * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with log message.
1242      * @deprecated Use {@link #logrb(java.util.logging.Level, java.lang.String,
1243      *     java.lang.String, java.util.ResourceBundle, java.lang.String,
1244      *     java.lang.Throwable)} instead.
1245      */
1246     @Deprecated
1247     public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1248                                         String bundleName, String msg, Throwable thrown) {
1249         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1250             return;
1251         }
1252         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1253         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1254         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1255         lr.setThrown(thrown);
1256         doLog(lr, bundleName);
1257     }
1258 
1259     /**
1260      * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle,
1261      * with associated Throwable information.
1262      * <p>
1263      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1264      * level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
1265      * which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
1266      * <p>
1267      * The msg string is localized using the given resource bundle.  If the
1268      * resource bundle is null, then the msg string is not localized.
1269      * <p>
1270      * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
1271      * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus it is
1272      * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
1273      * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
1274      * <p>
1275      * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
1276      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1277      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
1278      * @param   bundleName     resource bundle to localize msg,
1279      *                         can be null
1280      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1281      * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with log message.
1282      * @since 1.8
1283      */
1284     public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
1285                                         ResourceBundle bundle, String msg, Throwable thrown) {
1286         if (!isLoggable(level)) {
1287             return;
1288         }
1289         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
1290         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1291         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1292         lr.setThrown(thrown);
1293         doLog(lr, bundle);
1294     }
1295 
1296     //======================================================================
1297     // Start of convenience methods for logging method entries and returns.
1298     //======================================================================
1299 
1300     /**
1301      * Log a method entry.
1302      * <p>
1303      * This is a convenience method that can be used to log entry
1304      * to a method.  A LogRecord with message "ENTRY", log level
1305      * FINER, and the given sourceMethod and sourceClass is logged.
1306      * <p>
1307      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1308      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that is being entered
1309      */
1310     public void entering(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod) {
1311         logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, "ENTRY");
1312     }
1313 
1314     /**
1315      * Log a method entry, with one parameter.
1316      * <p>
1317      * This is a convenience method that can be used to log entry
1318      * to a method.  A LogRecord with message "ENTRY {0}", log level
1319      * FINER, and the given sourceMethod, sourceClass, and parameter
1320      * is logged.
1321      * <p>
1322      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1323      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that is being entered
1324      * @param   param1         parameter to the method being entered
1325      */
1326     public void entering(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod, Object param1) {
1327         logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, "ENTRY {0}", param1);
1328     }
1329 
1330     /**
1331      * Log a method entry, with an array of parameters.
1332      * <p>
1333      * This is a convenience method that can be used to log entry
1334      * to a method.  A LogRecord with message "ENTRY" (followed by a
1335      * format {N} indicator for each entry in the parameter array),
1336      * log level FINER, and the given sourceMethod, sourceClass, and
1337      * parameters is logged.
1338      * <p>
1339      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1340      * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that is being entered
1341      * @param   params         array of parameters to the method being entered
1342      */
1343     public void entering(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod, Object params[]) {
1344         String msg = "ENTRY";
1345         if (params == null ) {
1346            logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, msg);
1347            return;
1348         }
1349         if (!isLoggable(Level.FINER)) return;
1350         for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
1351             msg = msg + " {" + i + "}";
1352         }
1353         logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, msg, params);
1354     }
1355 
1356     /**
1357      * Log a method return.
1358      * <p>
1359      * This is a convenience method that can be used to log returning
1360      * from a method.  A LogRecord with message "RETURN", log level
1361      * FINER, and the given sourceMethod and sourceClass is logged.
1362      * <p>
1363      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1364      * @param   sourceMethod   name of the method
1365      */
1366     public void exiting(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod) {
1367         logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, "RETURN");
1368     }
1369 
1370 
1371     /**
1372      * Log a method return, with result object.
1373      * <p>
1374      * This is a convenience method that can be used to log returning
1375      * from a method.  A LogRecord with message "RETURN {0}", log level
1376      * FINER, and the gives sourceMethod, sourceClass, and result
1377      * object is logged.
1378      * <p>
1379      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1380      * @param   sourceMethod   name of the method
1381      * @param   result  Object that is being returned
1382      */
1383     public void exiting(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod, Object result) {
1384         logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, "RETURN {0}", result);
1385     }
1386 
1387     /**
1388      * Log throwing an exception.
1389      * <p>
1390      * This is a convenience method to log that a method is
1391      * terminating by throwing an exception.  The logging is done
1392      * using the FINER level.
1393      * <p>
1394      * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
1395      * level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
1396      * which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.  The
1397      * LogRecord's message is set to "THROW".
1398      * <p>
1399      * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
1400      * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus it is
1401      * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
1402      * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
1403      * <p>
1404      * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
1405      * @param   sourceMethod  name of the method.
1406      * @param   thrown  The Throwable that is being thrown.
1407      */
1408     public void throwing(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod, Throwable thrown) {
1409         if (!isLoggable(Level.FINER)) {
1410             return;
1411         }
1412         LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(Level.FINER, "THROW");
1413         lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
1414         lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
1415         lr.setThrown(thrown);
1416         doLog(lr);
1417     }
1418 
1419     //=======================================================================
1420     // Start of simple convenience methods using level names as method names
1421     //=======================================================================
1422 
1423     /**
1424      * Log a SEVERE message.
1425      * <p>
1426      * If the logger is currently enabled for the SEVERE message
1427      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1428      * registered output Handler objects.
1429      * <p>
1430      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1431      */
1432     public void severe(String msg) {
1433         log(Level.SEVERE, msg);
1434     }
1435 
1436     /**
1437      * Log a WARNING message.
1438      * <p>
1439      * If the logger is currently enabled for the WARNING message
1440      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1441      * registered output Handler objects.
1442      * <p>
1443      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1444      */
1445     public void warning(String msg) {
1446         log(Level.WARNING, msg);
1447     }
1448 
1449     /**
1450      * Log an INFO message.
1451      * <p>
1452      * If the logger is currently enabled for the INFO message
1453      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1454      * registered output Handler objects.
1455      * <p>
1456      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1457      */
1458     public void info(String msg) {
1459         log(Level.INFO, msg);
1460     }
1461 
1462     /**
1463      * Log a CONFIG message.
1464      * <p>
1465      * If the logger is currently enabled for the CONFIG message
1466      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1467      * registered output Handler objects.
1468      * <p>
1469      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1470      */
1471     public void config(String msg) {
1472         log(Level.CONFIG, msg);
1473     }
1474 
1475     /**
1476      * Log a FINE message.
1477      * <p>
1478      * If the logger is currently enabled for the FINE message
1479      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1480      * registered output Handler objects.
1481      * <p>
1482      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1483      */
1484     public void fine(String msg) {
1485         log(Level.FINE, msg);
1486     }
1487 
1488     /**
1489      * Log a FINER message.
1490      * <p>
1491      * If the logger is currently enabled for the FINER message
1492      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1493      * registered output Handler objects.
1494      * <p>
1495      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1496      */
1497     public void finer(String msg) {
1498         log(Level.FINER, msg);
1499     }
1500 
1501     /**
1502      * Log a FINEST message.
1503      * <p>
1504      * If the logger is currently enabled for the FINEST message
1505      * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
1506      * registered output Handler objects.
1507      * <p>
1508      * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
1509      */
1510     public void finest(String msg) {
1511         log(Level.FINEST, msg);
1512     }
1513 
1514     //=======================================================================
1515     // Start of simple convenience methods using level names as method names
1516     // and use Supplier<String>
1517     //=======================================================================
1518 
1519     /**
1520      * Log a SEVERE message, which is only to be constructed if the logging
1521      * level is such that the message will actually be logged.
1522      * <p>
1523      * If the logger is currently enabled for the SEVERE message
1524      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
1525      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
1526      * Handler objects.
1527      * <p>
1528      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
1529      *                        desired log message
1530      * @since   1.8
1531      */
1532     public void severe(Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
1533         log(Level.SEVERE, msgSupplier);
1534     }
1535 
1536     /**
1537      * Log a WARNING message, which is only to be constructed if the logging
1538      * level is such that the message will actually be logged.
1539      * <p>
1540      * If the logger is currently enabled for the WARNING message
1541      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
1542      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
1543      * Handler objects.
1544      * <p>
1545      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
1546      *                        desired log message
1547      * @since   1.8
1548      */
1549     public void warning(Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
1550         log(Level.WARNING, msgSupplier);
1551     }
1552 
1553     /**
1554      * Log a INFO message, which is only to be constructed if the logging
1555      * level is such that the message will actually be logged.
1556      * <p>
1557      * If the logger is currently enabled for the INFO message
1558      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
1559      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
1560      * Handler objects.
1561      * <p>
1562      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
1563      *                        desired log message
1564      * @since   1.8
1565      */
1566     public void info(Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
1567         log(Level.INFO, msgSupplier);
1568     }
1569 
1570     /**
1571      * Log a CONFIG message, which is only to be constructed if the logging
1572      * level is such that the message will actually be logged.
1573      * <p>
1574      * If the logger is currently enabled for the CONFIG message
1575      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
1576      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
1577      * Handler objects.
1578      * <p>
1579      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
1580      *                        desired log message
1581      * @since   1.8
1582      */
1583     public void config(Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
1584         log(Level.CONFIG, msgSupplier);
1585     }
1586 
1587     /**
1588      * Log a FINE message, which is only to be constructed if the logging
1589      * level is such that the message will actually be logged.
1590      * <p>
1591      * If the logger is currently enabled for the FINE message
1592      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
1593      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
1594      * Handler objects.
1595      * <p>
1596      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
1597      *                        desired log message
1598      * @since   1.8
1599      */
1600     public void fine(Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
1601         log(Level.FINE, msgSupplier);
1602     }
1603 
1604     /**
1605      * Log a FINER message, which is only to be constructed if the logging
1606      * level is such that the message will actually be logged.
1607      * <p>
1608      * If the logger is currently enabled for the FINER message
1609      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
1610      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
1611      * Handler objects.
1612      * <p>
1613      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
1614      *                        desired log message
1615      * @since   1.8
1616      */
1617     public void finer(Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
1618         log(Level.FINER, msgSupplier);
1619     }
1620 
1621     /**
1622      * Log a FINEST message, which is only to be constructed if the logging
1623      * level is such that the message will actually be logged.
1624      * <p>
1625      * If the logger is currently enabled for the FINEST message
1626      * level then the message is constructed by invoking the provided
1627      * supplier function and forwarded to all the registered output
1628      * Handler objects.
1629      * <p>
1630      * @param   msgSupplier   A function, which when called, produces the
1631      *                        desired log message
1632      * @since   1.8
1633      */
1634     public void finest(Supplier<String> msgSupplier) {
1635         log(Level.FINEST, msgSupplier);
1636     }
1637 
1638     //================================================================
1639     // End of convenience methods
1640     //================================================================
1641 
1642     /**
1643      * Set the log level specifying which message levels will be
1644      * logged by this logger.  Message levels lower than this
1645      * value will be discarded.  The level value Level.OFF
1646      * can be used to turn off logging.
1647      * <p>
1648      * If the new level is null, it means that this node should
1649      * inherit its level from its nearest ancestor with a specific
1650      * (non-null) level value.
1651      *
1652      * @param newLevel   the new value for the log level (may be null)
1653      * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and if
1654      *             the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control").
1655      */
1656     public void setLevel(Level newLevel) throws SecurityException {
1657         checkPermission();
1658         synchronized (treeLock) {
1659             levelObject = newLevel;
1660             updateEffectiveLevel();
1661         }
1662     }
1663 
1664     /**
1665      * Get the log Level that has been specified for this Logger.
1666      * The result may be null, which means that this logger's
1667      * effective level will be inherited from its parent.
1668      *
1669      * @return  this Logger's level
1670      */
1671     public Level getLevel() {
1672         return levelObject;
1673     }
1674 
1675     /**
1676      * Check if a message of the given level would actually be logged
1677      * by this logger.  This check is based on the Loggers effective level,
1678      * which may be inherited from its parent.
1679      *
1680      * @param   level   a message logging level
1681      * @return  true if the given message level is currently being logged.
1682      */
1683     public boolean isLoggable(Level level) {
1684         if (level.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
1685             return false;
1686         }
1687         return true;
1688     }
1689 
1690     /**
1691      * Get the name for this logger.
1692      * @return logger name.  Will be null for anonymous Loggers.
1693      */
1694     public String getName() {
1695         return name;
1696     }
1697 
1698     /**
1699      * Add a log Handler to receive logging messages.
1700      * <p>
1701      * By default, Loggers also send their output to their parent logger.
1702      * Typically the root Logger is configured with a set of Handlers
1703      * that essentially act as default handlers for all loggers.
1704      *
1705      * @param   handler a logging Handler
1706      * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and if
1707      *             the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control").
1708      */
1709     public void addHandler(Handler handler) throws SecurityException {
1710         // Check for null handler
1711         handler.getClass();
1712         checkPermission();
1713         handlers.add(handler);
1714     }
1715 
1716     /**
1717      * Remove a log Handler.
1718      * <P>
1719      * Returns silently if the given Handler is not found or is null
1720      *
1721      * @param   handler a logging Handler
1722      * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and if
1723      *             the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control").
1724      */
1725     public void removeHandler(Handler handler) throws SecurityException {
1726         checkPermission();
1727         if (handler == null) {
1728             return;
1729         }
1730         handlers.remove(handler);
1731     }
1732 
1733     /**
1734      * Get the Handlers associated with this logger.
1735      * <p>
1736      * @return  an array of all registered Handlers
1737      */
1738     public Handler[] getHandlers() {
1739         return handlers.toArray(emptyHandlers);
1740     }
1741 
1742     /**
1743      * Specify whether or not this logger should send its output
1744      * to its parent Logger.  This means that any LogRecords will
1745      * also be written to the parent's Handlers, and potentially
1746      * to its parent, recursively up the namespace.
1747      *
1748      * @param useParentHandlers   true if output is to be sent to the
1749      *          logger's parent.
1750      * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and if
1751      *             the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control").
1752      */
1753     public void setUseParentHandlers(boolean useParentHandlers) {
1754         checkPermission();
1755         this.useParentHandlers = useParentHandlers;
1756     }
1757 
1758     /**
1759      * Discover whether or not this logger is sending its output
1760      * to its parent logger.
1761      *
1762      * @return  true if output is to be sent to the logger's parent
1763      */
1764     public boolean getUseParentHandlers() {
1765         return useParentHandlers;
1766     }
1767 
1768     static final String SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME = "sun.util.logging.resources.logging";
1769 
1770     private static ResourceBundle findSystemResourceBundle(final Locale locale) {
1771         // the resource bundle is in a restricted package
1772         return AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<ResourceBundle>() {
1773             @Override
1774             public ResourceBundle run() {
1775                 try {
1776                     return ResourceBundle.getBundle(SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME,
1777                                                     locale,
1778                                                     ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader());
1779                 } catch (MissingResourceException e) {
1780                     throw new InternalError(e.toString());
1781                 }
1782             }
1783         });
1784     }
1785 
1786     /**
1787      * Private utility method to map a resource bundle name to an
1788      * actual resource bundle, using a simple one-entry cache.
1789      * Returns null for a null name.
1790      * May also return null if we can't find the resource bundle and
1791      * there is no suitable previous cached value.
1792      *
1793      * @param name the ResourceBundle to locate
1794      * @param userCallersClassLoader if true search using the caller's ClassLoader
1795      * @return ResourceBundle specified by name or null if not found
1796      */
1797     private synchronized ResourceBundle findResourceBundle(String name,
1798                                                            boolean useCallersClassLoader) {
1799         // For all lookups, we first check the thread context class loader
1800         // if it is set.  If not, we use the system classloader.  If we
1801         // still haven't found it we use the callersClassLoaderRef if it
1802         // is set and useCallersClassLoader is true.  We set
1803         // callersClassLoaderRef initially upon creating the logger with a
1804         // non-null resource bundle name.
1805 
1806         // Return a null bundle for a null name.
1807         if (name == null) {
1808             return null;
1809         }
1810 
1811         Locale currentLocale = Locale.getDefault();
1812 
1813         // Normally we should hit on our simple one entry cache.
1814         if (userBundle != null &&
1815                 name.equals(resourceBundleName)) {
1816             return userBundle;
1817         } else if (catalog != null && currentLocale.equals(catalogLocale)
1818                 && name.equals(catalogName)) {
1819             return catalog;
1820         }
1821 
1822         if (name.equals(SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME)) {
1823             catalog = findSystemResourceBundle(currentLocale);
1824             catalogName = name;
1825             catalogLocale = currentLocale;
1826             return catalog;
1827         }
1828 
1829         // Use the thread's context ClassLoader.  If there isn't one, use the
1830         // {@linkplain java.lang.ClassLoader#getSystemClassLoader() system ClassLoader}.
1831         ClassLoader cl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
1832         if (cl == null) {
1833             cl = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
1834         }
1835         try {
1836             catalog = ResourceBundle.getBundle(name, currentLocale, cl);
1837             catalogName = name;
1838             catalogLocale = currentLocale;
1839             return catalog;
1840         } catch (MissingResourceException ex) {
1841             // We can't find the ResourceBundle in the default
1842             // ClassLoader.  Drop through.
1843         }
1844 
1845         if (useCallersClassLoader) {
1846             // Try with the caller's ClassLoader
1847             ClassLoader callersClassLoader = getCallersClassLoader();
1848 
1849             if (callersClassLoader == null || callersClassLoader == cl) {
1850                 return null;
1851             }
1852 
1853             try {
1854                 catalog = ResourceBundle.getBundle(name, currentLocale,
1855                                                    callersClassLoader);
1856                 catalogName = name;
1857                 catalogLocale = currentLocale;
1858                 return catalog;
1859             } catch (MissingResourceException ex) {
1860                 return null; // no luck
1861             }
1862         } else {
1863             return null;
1864         }
1865     }
1866 
1867     // Private utility method to initialize our one entry
1868     // resource bundle name cache and the callers ClassLoader
1869     // Note: for consistency reasons, we are careful to check
1870     // that a suitable ResourceBundle exists before setting the
1871     // resourceBundleName field.
1872     // Synchronized to prevent races in setting the fields.
1873     private synchronized void setupResourceInfo(String name,
1874                                                 Class<?> callersClass) {
1875         if (resourceBundleName != null) {
1876             // this Logger already has a ResourceBundle
1877 
1878             if (resourceBundleName.equals(name)) {
1879                 // the names match so there is nothing more to do
1880                 return;
1881             }
1882 
1883             // cannot change ResourceBundles once they are set
1884             throw new IllegalArgumentException(
1885                 resourceBundleName + " != " + name);
1886         }
1887 
1888         if (name == null) {
1889             return;
1890         }
1891 
1892         setCallersClassLoaderRef(callersClass);
1893         if (findResourceBundle(name, true) == null) {
1894             // We've failed to find an expected ResourceBundle.
1895             // unset the caller's ClassLoader since we were unable to find the
1896             // the bundle using it
1897             this.callersClassLoaderRef = null;
1898             throw new MissingResourceException("Can't find " + name + " bundle",
1899                                                 name, "");
1900         }
1901         resourceBundleName = name;
1902     }
1903 
1904     private boolean canReplaceResourceBundle(ResourceBundle bundle, String basename) {
1905         return resourceBundleName == null || resourceBundleName.equals(basename);
1906     }
1907 
1908     /**
1909      * Sets a resource bundle on this logger.
1910      * @param bundle The resource bundle that this logger shall use.
1911      *        All messages will be logged using the provided bundle, with the
1912      *        locale for that bundle.
1913      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given bundle doesn't have a name,
1914      *         or if the Logger already uses a resource bundle that has a
1915      *         different base name, or if {@code bundle} is {@code null} but the
1916      *         logger has a resource bundle set.
1917      * @throws SecurityException  if a security manager exists and if
1918      *         the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control").
1919      * @since 1.8
1920      */
1921     public void setResourceBundle(ResourceBundle bundle) {
1922         checkPermission();
1923         final String baseName = (bundle == null ? null : bundle.getBaseBundleName());
1924         synchronized (this) {
1925             final boolean canReplaceResourceBundle =
1926                     canReplaceResourceBundle(bundle, baseName);
1927 
1928             if (!canReplaceResourceBundle) {
1929                 if (bundle == null) {
1930                     throw new IllegalArgumentException("can't remove resource bundle");
1931                 } else {
1932                     throw new IllegalArgumentException("can't replace resource bundle");
1933                 }
1934             }
1935 
1936             // bundle must have a name
1937             if (bundle != null && (baseName == null || baseName.isEmpty())) {
1938                 throw new IllegalArgumentException("resource bundle must have a name");
1939             }
1940 
1941             // either both bundle & bundleName are null or both are not null.
1942             assert bundle == null && baseName == null
1943                     || bundle != null && baseName != null;
1944             userBundle = bundle;
1945             resourceBundleName = baseName;
1946         }
1947     }
1948 
1949     /**
1950      * Return the parent for this Logger.
1951      * <p>
1952      * This method returns the nearest extant parent in the namespace.
1953      * Thus if a Logger is called "a.b.c.d", and a Logger called "a.b"
1954      * has been created but no logger "a.b.c" exists, then a call of
1955      * getParent on the Logger "a.b.c.d" will return the Logger "a.b".
1956      * <p>
1957      * The result will be null if it is called on the root Logger
1958      * in the namespace.
1959      *
1960      * @return nearest existing parent Logger
1961      */
1962     public Logger getParent() {
1963         // Note: this used to be synchronized on treeLock.  However, this only
1964         // provided memory semantics, as there was no guarantee that the caller
1965         // would synchronize on treeLock (in fact, there is no way for external
1966         // callers to so synchronize).  Therefore, we have made parent volatile
1967         // instead.
1968         return parent;
1969     }
1970 
1971     /**
1972      * Set the parent for this Logger.  This method is used by
1973      * the LogManager to update a Logger when the namespace changes.
1974      * <p>
1975      * It should not be called from application code.
1976      * <p>
1977      * @param  parent   the new parent logger
1978      * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and if
1979      *             the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control").
1980      */
1981     public void setParent(Logger parent) {
1982         if (parent == null) {
1983             throw new NullPointerException();
1984         }
1985         checkPermission();
1986         doSetParent(parent);
1987     }
1988 
1989     // Private method to do the work for parenting a child
1990     // Logger onto a parent logger.
1991     private void doSetParent(Logger newParent) {
1992 
1993         // System.err.println("doSetParent \"" + getName() + "\" \""
1994         //                              + newParent.getName() + "\"");
1995 
1996         synchronized (treeLock) {
1997 
1998             // Remove ourself from any previous parent.
1999             LogManager.LoggerWeakRef ref = null;
2000             if (parent != null) {
2001                 // assert parent.kids != null;
2002                 for (Iterator<LogManager.LoggerWeakRef> iter = parent.kids.iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
2003                     ref = iter.next();
2004                     Logger kid =  ref.get();
2005                     if (kid == this) {
2006                         // ref is used down below to complete the reparenting
2007                         iter.remove();
2008                         break;
2009                     } else {
2010                         ref = null;
2011                     }
2012                 }
2013                 // We have now removed ourself from our parents' kids.
2014             }
2015 
2016             // Set our new parent.
2017             parent = newParent;
2018             if (parent.kids == null) {
2019                 parent.kids = new ArrayList<>(2);
2020             }
2021             if (ref == null) {
2022                 // we didn't have a previous parent
2023                 ref = manager.new LoggerWeakRef(this);
2024             }
2025             ref.setParentRef(new WeakReference<>(parent));
2026             parent.kids.add(ref);
2027 
2028             // As a result of the reparenting, the effective level
2029             // may have changed for us and our children.
2030             updateEffectiveLevel();
2031 
2032         }
2033     }
2034 
2035     // Package-level method.
2036     // Remove the weak reference for the specified child Logger from the
2037     // kid list. We should only be called from LoggerWeakRef.dispose().
2038     final void removeChildLogger(LogManager.LoggerWeakRef child) {
2039         synchronized (treeLock) {
2040             for (Iterator<LogManager.LoggerWeakRef> iter = kids.iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
2041                 LogManager.LoggerWeakRef ref = iter.next();
2042                 if (ref == child) {
2043                     iter.remove();
2044                     return;
2045                 }
2046             }
2047         }
2048     }
2049 
2050     // Recalculate the effective level for this node and
2051     // recursively for our children.
2052 
2053     private void updateEffectiveLevel() {
2054         // assert Thread.holdsLock(treeLock);
2055 
2056         // Figure out our current effective level.
2057         int newLevelValue;
2058         if (levelObject != null) {
2059             newLevelValue = levelObject.intValue();
2060         } else {
2061             if (parent != null) {
2062                 newLevelValue = parent.levelValue;
2063             } else {
2064                 // This may happen during initialization.
2065                 newLevelValue = Level.INFO.intValue();
2066             }
2067         }
2068 
2069         // If our effective value hasn't changed, we're done.
2070         if (levelValue == newLevelValue) {
2071             return;
2072         }
2073 
2074         levelValue = newLevelValue;
2075 
2076         // System.err.println("effective level: \"" + getName() + "\" := " + level);
2077 
2078         // Recursively update the level on each of our kids.
2079         if (kids != null) {
2080             for (int i = 0; i < kids.size(); i++) {
2081                 LogManager.LoggerWeakRef ref = kids.get(i);
2082                 Logger kid =  ref.get();
2083                 if (kid != null) {
2084                     kid.updateEffectiveLevel();
2085                 }
2086             }
2087         }
2088     }
2089 
2090 
2091     // Private method to get the potentially inherited
2092     // resource bundle name for this Logger.
2093     // May return null
2094     private String getEffectiveResourceBundleName() {
2095         Logger target = this;
2096         while (target != null) {
2097             String rbn = target.getResourceBundleName();
2098             if (rbn != null) {
2099                 return rbn;
2100             }
2101             target = target.getParent();
2102         }
2103         return null;
2104     }
2105 
2106 
2107     private ResourceBundle getEffectiveResourceBundle() {
2108         Logger target = this;
2109         if (SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME.equals(resourceBundleName)) return null;
2110         ResourceBundle localRB = getResourceBundle();
2111         if (localRB != null) {
2112             return localRB;
2113         }
2114 
2115         while (target != null) {
2116             final ResourceBundle rb = target.userBundle;
2117             if (rb != null) {
2118                 return rb;
2119             }
2120             final String rbn = target.getResourceBundleName();
2121             if (rbn != null) {
2122                 if (!SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME.equals(rbn)) {
2123                     return findResourceBundle(rbn, true);
2124                 } else {
2125                     return null;
2126                 }
2127             }
2128             target = target.getParent();
2129         }
2130         return null;
2131     }
2132 
2133 }