1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1994, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 package java.lang;
  27 
  28 import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement;
  29 import java.lang.reflect.Array;
  30 import java.lang.reflect.GenericArrayType;
  31 import java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration;
  32 import java.lang.reflect.Member;
  33 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
  34 import java.lang.reflect.Executable;
  35 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
  36 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
  37 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
  38 import java.lang.reflect.Type;
  39 import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
  40 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
  41 import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedType;
  42 import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
  43 import java.io.InputStream;
  44 import java.io.ObjectStreamField;
  45 import java.security.AccessController;
  46 import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
  47 import java.util.ArrayList;
  48 import java.util.Arrays;
  49 import java.util.Collection;
  50 import java.util.HashSet;
  51 import java.util.List;
  52 import java.util.Set;
  53 import java.util.Map;
  54 import java.util.HashMap;
  55 import java.util.Objects;
  56 import sun.misc.Unsafe;
  57 import sun.reflect.CallerSensitive;
  58 import sun.reflect.ConstantPool;
  59 import sun.reflect.Reflection;
  60 import sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory;
  61 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.CoreReflectionFactory;
  62 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.GenericsFactory;
  63 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ClassRepository;
  64 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.MethodRepository;
  65 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ConstructorRepository;
  66 import sun.reflect.generics.scope.ClassScope;
  67 import sun.security.util.SecurityConstants;
  68 import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
  69 import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
  70 import sun.reflect.annotation.*;
  71 import sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil;
  72 
  73 /**
  74  * Instances of the class {@code Class} represent classes and
  75  * interfaces in a running Java application.  An enum is a kind of
  76  * class and an annotation is a kind of interface.  Every array also
  77  * belongs to a class that is reflected as a {@code Class} object
  78  * that is shared by all arrays with the same element type and number
  79  * of dimensions.  The primitive Java types ({@code boolean},
  80  * {@code byte}, {@code char}, {@code short},
  81  * {@code int}, {@code long}, {@code float}, and
  82  * {@code double}), and the keyword {@code void} are also
  83  * represented as {@code Class} objects.
  84  *
  85  * <p> {@code Class} has no public constructor. Instead {@code Class}
  86  * objects are constructed automatically by the Java Virtual Machine as classes
  87  * are loaded and by calls to the {@code defineClass} method in the class
  88  * loader.
  89  *
  90  * <p> The following example uses a {@code Class} object to print the
  91  * class name of an object:
  92  *
  93  * <p> <blockquote><pre>
  94  *     void printClassName(Object obj) {
  95  *         System.out.println("The class of " + obj +
  96  *                            " is " + obj.getClass().getName());
  97  *     }
  98  * </pre></blockquote>
  99  *
 100  * <p> It is also possible to get the {@code Class} object for a named
 101  * type (or for void) using a class literal.  See Section 15.8.2 of
 102  * <cite>The Java&trade; Language Specification</cite>.
 103  * For example:
 104  *
 105  * <p> <blockquote>
 106  *     {@code System.out.println("The name of class Foo is: "+Foo.class.getName());}
 107  * </blockquote>
 108  *
 109  * @param <T> the type of the class modeled by this {@code Class}
 110  * object.  For example, the type of {@code String.class} is {@code
 111  * Class<String>}.  Use {@code Class<?>} if the class being modeled is
 112  * unknown.
 113  *
 114  * @author  unascribed
 115  * @see     java.lang.ClassLoader#defineClass(byte[], int, int)
 116  * @since   JDK1.0
 117  */
 118 public final class Class<T> implements java.io.Serializable,
 119                               GenericDeclaration,
 120                               Type,
 121                               AnnotatedElement {
 122     private static final int ANNOTATION= 0x00002000;
 123     private static final int ENUM      = 0x00004000;
 124     private static final int SYNTHETIC = 0x00001000;
 125 
 126     private static native void registerNatives();
 127     static {
 128         registerNatives();
 129     }
 130 
 131     /*
 132      * Constructor. Only the Java Virtual Machine creates Class
 133      * objects.
 134      */
 135     private Class() {}
 136 
 137 
 138     /**
 139      * Converts the object to a string. The string representation is the
 140      * string "class" or "interface", followed by a space, and then by the
 141      * fully qualified name of the class in the format returned by
 142      * {@code getName}.  If this {@code Class} object represents a
 143      * primitive type, this method returns the name of the primitive type.  If
 144      * this {@code Class} object represents void this method returns
 145      * "void".
 146      *
 147      * @return a string representation of this class object.
 148      */
 149     public String toString() {
 150         return (isInterface() ? "interface " : (isPrimitive() ? "" : "class "))
 151             + getName();
 152     }
 153 
 154     /**
 155      * Returns a string describing this {@code Class}, including
 156      * information about modifiers and type parameters.
 157      *
 158      * The string is formatted as a list of type modifiers, if any,
 159      * followed by the kind of type (empty string for primitive types
 160      * and {@code class}, {@code enum}, {@code interface}, or {@code
 161      * &#64;interface}, as appropriate), followed by the type's name,
 162      * followed by an angle-bracketed comma-separated list of the
 163      * type's type parameters, if any.
 164      *
 165      * A space is used to separate modifiers from one another and to
 166      * separate any modifiers from the kind of type. The modifiers
 167      * occur in canonical order. If there are no type parameters, the
 168      * type parameter list is elided.
 169      *
 170      * <p>Note that since information about the runtime representation
 171      * of a type is being generated, modifiers not present on the
 172      * originating source code or illegal on the originating source
 173      * code may be present.
 174      *
 175      * @return a string describing this {@code Class}, including
 176      * information about modifiers and type parameters
 177      *
 178      * @since 1.8
 179      */
 180     public String toGenericString() {
 181         if (isPrimitive()) {
 182             return toString();
 183         } else {
 184             StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
 185 
 186             // Class modifiers are a superset of interface modifiers
 187             int modifiers = getModifiers() & Modifier.classModifiers();
 188             if (modifiers != 0) {
 189                 sb.append(Modifier.toString(modifiers));
 190                 sb.append(' ');
 191             }
 192 
 193             if (isAnnotation()) {
 194                 sb.append('@');
 195             }
 196             if (isInterface()) { // Note: all annotation types are interfaces
 197                 sb.append("interface");
 198             } else {
 199                 if (isEnum())
 200                     sb.append("enum");
 201                 else
 202                     sb.append("class");
 203             }
 204             sb.append(' ');
 205             sb.append(getName());
 206 
 207             TypeVariable<?>[] typeparms = getTypeParameters();
 208             if (typeparms.length > 0) {
 209                 boolean first = true;
 210                 sb.append('<');
 211                 for(TypeVariable<?> typeparm: typeparms) {
 212                     if (!first)
 213                         sb.append(',');
 214                     sb.append(typeparm.getTypeName());
 215                     first = false;
 216                 }
 217                 sb.append('>');
 218             }
 219 
 220             return sb.toString();
 221         }
 222     }
 223 
 224     /**
 225      * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
 226      * interface with the given string name.  Invoking this method is
 227      * equivalent to:
 228      *
 229      * <blockquote>
 230      *  {@code Class.forName(className, true, currentLoader)}
 231      * </blockquote>
 232      *
 233      * where {@code currentLoader} denotes the defining class loader of
 234      * the current class.
 235      *
 236      * <p> For example, the following code fragment returns the
 237      * runtime {@code Class} descriptor for the class named
 238      * {@code java.lang.Thread}:
 239      *
 240      * <blockquote>
 241      *   {@code Class t = Class.forName("java.lang.Thread")}
 242      * </blockquote>
 243      * <p>
 244      * A call to {@code forName("X")} causes the class named
 245      * {@code X} to be initialized.
 246      *
 247      * @param      className   the fully qualified name of the desired class.
 248      * @return     the {@code Class} object for the class with the
 249      *             specified name.
 250      * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
 251      * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
 252      *            by this method fails
 253      * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located
 254      */
 255     @CallerSensitive
 256     public static Class<?> forName(String className)
 257                 throws ClassNotFoundException {
 258         return forName0(className, true,
 259                         ClassLoader.getClassLoader(Reflection.getCallerClass()));
 260     }
 261 
 262 
 263     /**
 264      * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
 265      * interface with the given string name, using the given class loader.
 266      * Given the fully qualified name for a class or interface (in the same
 267      * format returned by {@code getName}) this method attempts to
 268      * locate, load, and link the class or interface.  The specified class
 269      * loader is used to load the class or interface.  If the parameter
 270      * {@code loader} is null, the class is loaded through the bootstrap
 271      * class loader.  The class is initialized only if the
 272      * {@code initialize} parameter is {@code true} and if it has
 273      * not been initialized earlier.
 274      *
 275      * <p> If {@code name} denotes a primitive type or void, an attempt
 276      * will be made to locate a user-defined class in the unnamed package whose
 277      * name is {@code name}. Therefore, this method cannot be used to
 278      * obtain any of the {@code Class} objects representing primitive
 279      * types or void.
 280      *
 281      * <p> If {@code name} denotes an array class, the component type of
 282      * the array class is loaded but not initialized.
 283      *
 284      * <p> For example, in an instance method the expression:
 285      *
 286      * <blockquote>
 287      *  {@code Class.forName("Foo")}
 288      * </blockquote>
 289      *
 290      * is equivalent to:
 291      *
 292      * <blockquote>
 293      *  {@code Class.forName("Foo", true, this.getClass().getClassLoader())}
 294      * </blockquote>
 295      *
 296      * Note that this method throws errors related to loading, linking or
 297      * initializing as specified in Sections 12.2, 12.3 and 12.4 of <em>The
 298      * Java Language Specification</em>.
 299      * Note that this method does not check whether the requested class
 300      * is accessible to its caller.
 301      *
 302      * <p> If the {@code loader} is {@code null}, and a security
 303      * manager is present, and the caller's class loader is not null, then this
 304      * method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission} method
 305      * with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")} permission to
 306      * ensure it's ok to access the bootstrap class loader.
 307      *
 308      * @param name       fully qualified name of the desired class
 309      * @param initialize if {@code true} the class will be initialized.
 310      *                   See Section 12.4 of <em>The Java Language Specification</em>.
 311      * @param loader     class loader from which the class must be loaded
 312      * @return           class object representing the desired class
 313      *
 314      * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
 315      * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
 316      *            by this method fails
 317      * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located by
 318      *            the specified class loader
 319      *
 320      * @see       java.lang.Class#forName(String)
 321      * @see       java.lang.ClassLoader
 322      * @since     1.2
 323      */
 324     @CallerSensitive
 325     public static Class<?> forName(String name, boolean initialize,
 326                                    ClassLoader loader)
 327         throws ClassNotFoundException
 328     {
 329         if (sun.misc.VM.isSystemDomainLoader(loader)) {
 330             SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
 331             if (sm != null) {
 332                 ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getClassLoader(Reflection.getCallerClass());
 333                 if (!sun.misc.VM.isSystemDomainLoader(ccl)) {
 334                     sm.checkPermission(
 335                         SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);
 336                 }
 337             }
 338         }
 339         return forName0(name, initialize, loader);
 340     }
 341 
 342     /** Called after security checks have been made. */
 343     private static native Class<?> forName0(String name, boolean initialize,
 344                                             ClassLoader loader)
 345         throws ClassNotFoundException;
 346 
 347     /**
 348      * Creates a new instance of the class represented by this {@code Class}
 349      * object.  The class is instantiated as if by a {@code new}
 350      * expression with an empty argument list.  The class is initialized if it
 351      * has not already been initialized.
 352      *
 353      * <p>Note that this method propagates any exception thrown by the
 354      * nullary constructor, including a checked exception.  Use of
 355      * this method effectively bypasses the compile-time exception
 356      * checking that would otherwise be performed by the compiler.
 357      * The {@link
 358      * java.lang.reflect.Constructor#newInstance(java.lang.Object...)
 359      * Constructor.newInstance} method avoids this problem by wrapping
 360      * any exception thrown by the constructor in a (checked) {@link
 361      * java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException}.
 362      *
 363      * @return     a newly allocated instance of the class represented by this
 364      *             object.
 365      * @exception  IllegalAccessException  if the class or its nullary
 366      *               constructor is not accessible.
 367      * @exception  InstantiationException
 368      *               if this {@code Class} represents an abstract class,
 369      *               an interface, an array class, a primitive type, or void;
 370      *               or if the class has no nullary constructor;
 371      *               or if the instantiation fails for some other reason.
 372      * @exception  ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization
 373      *               provoked by this method fails.
 374      * @exception  SecurityException
 375      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
 376      *             following conditions is met:
 377      *
 378      *             <ul>
 379      *
 380      *             <li> invocation of
 381      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
 382      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
 383      *             creation of new instances of this class
 384      *
 385      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
 386      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
 387      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
 388      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
 389      *             of this class
 390      *
 391      *             </ul>
 392      *
 393      */
 394     @CallerSensitive
 395     public T newInstance()
 396         throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
 397     {
 398         if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
 399             checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), false);
 400         }
 401 
 402         // NOTE: the following code may not be strictly correct under
 403         // the current Java memory model.
 404 
 405         // Constructor lookup
 406         if (cachedConstructor == null) {
 407             if (this == Class.class) {
 408                 throw new IllegalAccessException(
 409                     "Can not call newInstance() on the Class for java.lang.Class"
 410                 );
 411             }
 412             try {
 413                 Class<?>[] empty = {};
 414                 final Constructor<T> c = getConstructor0(empty, Member.DECLARED);
 415                 // Disable accessibility checks on the constructor
 416                 // since we have to do the security check here anyway
 417                 // (the stack depth is wrong for the Constructor's
 418                 // security check to work)
 419                 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
 420                     new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
 421                         public Void run() {
 422                                 c.setAccessible(true);
 423                                 return null;
 424                             }
 425                         });
 426                 cachedConstructor = c;
 427             } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
 428                 throw (InstantiationException)
 429                     new InstantiationException(getName()).initCause(e);
 430             }
 431         }
 432         Constructor<T> tmpConstructor = cachedConstructor;
 433         // Security check (same as in java.lang.reflect.Constructor)
 434         int modifiers = tmpConstructor.getModifiers();
 435         if (!Reflection.quickCheckMemberAccess(this, modifiers)) {
 436             Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
 437             if (newInstanceCallerCache != caller) {
 438                 Reflection.ensureMemberAccess(caller, this, null, modifiers);
 439                 newInstanceCallerCache = caller;
 440             }
 441         }
 442         // Run constructor
 443         try {
 444             return tmpConstructor.newInstance((Object[])null);
 445         } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
 446             Unsafe.getUnsafe().throwException(e.getTargetException());
 447             // Not reached
 448             return null;
 449         }
 450     }
 451     private volatile transient Constructor<T> cachedConstructor;
 452     private volatile transient Class<?>       newInstanceCallerCache;
 453 
 454 
 455     /**
 456      * Determines if the specified {@code Object} is assignment-compatible
 457      * with the object represented by this {@code Class}.  This method is
 458      * the dynamic equivalent of the Java language {@code instanceof}
 459      * operator. The method returns {@code true} if the specified
 460      * {@code Object} argument is non-null and can be cast to the
 461      * reference type represented by this {@code Class} object without
 462      * raising a {@code ClassCastException.} It returns {@code false}
 463      * otherwise.
 464      *
 465      * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a
 466      * declared class, this method returns {@code true} if the specified
 467      * {@code Object} argument is an instance of the represented class (or
 468      * of any of its subclasses); it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
 469      * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, this method
 470      * returns {@code true} if the specified {@code Object} argument
 471      * can be converted to an object of the array class by an identity
 472      * conversion or by a widening reference conversion; it returns
 473      * {@code false} otherwise. If this {@code Class} object
 474      * represents an interface, this method returns {@code true} if the
 475      * class or any superclass of the specified {@code Object} argument
 476      * implements this interface; it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
 477      * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, this method
 478      * returns {@code false}.
 479      *
 480      * @param   obj the object to check
 481      * @return  true if {@code obj} is an instance of this class
 482      *
 483      * @since JDK1.1
 484      */
 485     public native boolean isInstance(Object obj);
 486 
 487 
 488     /**
 489      * Determines if the class or interface represented by this
 490      * {@code Class} object is either the same as, or is a superclass or
 491      * superinterface of, the class or interface represented by the specified
 492      * {@code Class} parameter. It returns {@code true} if so;
 493      * otherwise it returns {@code false}. If this {@code Class}
 494      * object represents a primitive type, this method returns
 495      * {@code true} if the specified {@code Class} parameter is
 496      * exactly this {@code Class} object; otherwise it returns
 497      * {@code false}.
 498      *
 499      * <p> Specifically, this method tests whether the type represented by the
 500      * specified {@code Class} parameter can be converted to the type
 501      * represented by this {@code Class} object via an identity conversion
 502      * or via a widening reference conversion. See <em>The Java Language
 503      * Specification</em>, sections 5.1.1 and 5.1.4 , for details.
 504      *
 505      * @param cls the {@code Class} object to be checked
 506      * @return the {@code boolean} value indicating whether objects of the
 507      * type {@code cls} can be assigned to objects of this class
 508      * @exception NullPointerException if the specified Class parameter is
 509      *            null.
 510      * @since JDK1.1
 511      */
 512     public native boolean isAssignableFrom(Class<?> cls);
 513 
 514 
 515     /**
 516      * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents an
 517      * interface type.
 518      *
 519      * @return  {@code true} if this object represents an interface;
 520      *          {@code false} otherwise.
 521      */
 522     public native boolean isInterface();
 523 
 524 
 525     /**
 526      * Determines if this {@code Class} object represents an array class.
 527      *
 528      * @return  {@code true} if this object represents an array class;
 529      *          {@code false} otherwise.
 530      * @since   JDK1.1
 531      */
 532     public native boolean isArray();
 533 
 534 
 535     /**
 536      * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents a
 537      * primitive type.
 538      *
 539      * <p> There are nine predefined {@code Class} objects to represent
 540      * the eight primitive types and void.  These are created by the Java
 541      * Virtual Machine, and have the same names as the primitive types that
 542      * they represent, namely {@code boolean}, {@code byte},
 543      * {@code char}, {@code short}, {@code int},
 544      * {@code long}, {@code float}, and {@code double}.
 545      *
 546      * <p> These objects may only be accessed via the following public static
 547      * final variables, and are the only {@code Class} objects for which
 548      * this method returns {@code true}.
 549      *
 550      * @return true if and only if this class represents a primitive type
 551      *
 552      * @see     java.lang.Boolean#TYPE
 553      * @see     java.lang.Character#TYPE
 554      * @see     java.lang.Byte#TYPE
 555      * @see     java.lang.Short#TYPE
 556      * @see     java.lang.Integer#TYPE
 557      * @see     java.lang.Long#TYPE
 558      * @see     java.lang.Float#TYPE
 559      * @see     java.lang.Double#TYPE
 560      * @see     java.lang.Void#TYPE
 561      * @since JDK1.1
 562      */
 563     public native boolean isPrimitive();
 564 
 565     /**
 566      * Returns true if this {@code Class} object represents an annotation
 567      * type.  Note that if this method returns true, {@link #isInterface()}
 568      * would also return true, as all annotation types are also interfaces.
 569      *
 570      * @return {@code true} if this class object represents an annotation
 571      *      type; {@code false} otherwise
 572      * @since 1.5
 573      */
 574     public boolean isAnnotation() {
 575         return (getModifiers() & ANNOTATION) != 0;
 576     }
 577 
 578     /**
 579      * Returns {@code true} if this class is a synthetic class;
 580      * returns {@code false} otherwise.
 581      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a synthetic class as
 582      *         defined by the Java Language Specification.
 583      * @jls 13.1 The Form of a Binary
 584      * @since 1.5
 585      */
 586     public boolean isSynthetic() {
 587         return (getModifiers() & SYNTHETIC) != 0;
 588     }
 589 
 590     /**
 591      * Returns the  name of the entity (class, interface, array class,
 592      * primitive type, or void) represented by this {@code Class} object,
 593      * as a {@code String}.
 594      *
 595      * <p> If this class object represents a reference type that is not an
 596      * array type then the binary name of the class is returned, as specified
 597      * by
 598      * <cite>The Java&trade; Language Specification</cite>.
 599      *
 600      * <p> If this class object represents a primitive type or void, then the
 601      * name returned is a {@code String} equal to the Java language
 602      * keyword corresponding to the primitive type or void.
 603      *
 604      * <p> If this class object represents a class of arrays, then the internal
 605      * form of the name consists of the name of the element type preceded by
 606      * one or more '{@code [}' characters representing the depth of the array
 607      * nesting.  The encoding of element type names is as follows:
 608      *
 609      * <blockquote><table summary="Element types and encodings">
 610      * <tr><th> Element Type <th> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <th> Encoding
 611      * <tr><td> boolean      <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> Z
 612      * <tr><td> byte         <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> B
 613      * <tr><td> char         <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> C
 614      * <tr><td> class or interface
 615      *                       <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> L<i>classname</i>;
 616      * <tr><td> double       <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> D
 617      * <tr><td> float        <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> F
 618      * <tr><td> int          <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> I
 619      * <tr><td> long         <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> J
 620      * <tr><td> short        <td> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <td align=center> S
 621      * </table></blockquote>
 622      *
 623      * <p> The class or interface name <i>classname</i> is the binary name of
 624      * the class specified above.
 625      *
 626      * <p> Examples:
 627      * <blockquote><pre>
 628      * String.class.getName()
 629      *     returns "java.lang.String"
 630      * byte.class.getName()
 631      *     returns "byte"
 632      * (new Object[3]).getClass().getName()
 633      *     returns "[Ljava.lang.Object;"
 634      * (new int[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]).getClass().getName()
 635      *     returns "[[[[[[[I"
 636      * </pre></blockquote>
 637      *
 638      * @return  the name of the class or interface
 639      *          represented by this object.
 640      */
 641     public String getName() {
 642         String name = this.name;
 643         if (name == null)
 644             this.name = name = getName0();
 645         return name;
 646     }
 647 
 648     // cache the name to reduce the number of calls into the VM
 649     private transient String name;
 650     private native String getName0();
 651 
 652     /**
 653      * Returns the class loader for the class.  Some implementations may use
 654      * null to represent the bootstrap class loader. This method will return
 655      * null in such implementations if this class was loaded by the bootstrap
 656      * class loader.
 657      *
 658      * <p> If a security manager is present, and the caller's class loader is
 659      * not null and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of
 660      * the class loader for the class whose class loader is requested, then
 661      * this method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission}
 662      * method with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")}
 663      * permission to ensure it's ok to access the class loader for the class.
 664      *
 665      * <p>If this object
 666      * represents a primitive type or void, null is returned.
 667      *
 668      * @return  the class loader that loaded the class or interface
 669      *          represented by this object.
 670      * @throws SecurityException
 671      *    if a security manager exists and its
 672      *    {@code checkPermission} method denies
 673      *    access to the class loader for the class.
 674      * @see java.lang.ClassLoader
 675      * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
 676      * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
 677      */
 678     @CallerSensitive
 679     public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
 680         ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
 681         if (cl == null)
 682             return null;
 683         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
 684         if (sm != null) {
 685             ClassLoader.checkClassLoaderPermission(cl, Reflection.getCallerClass());
 686         }
 687         return cl;
 688     }
 689 
 690     // Package-private to allow ClassLoader access
 691     native ClassLoader getClassLoader0();
 692 
 693 
 694     /**
 695      * Returns an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent the
 696      * type variables declared by the generic declaration represented by this
 697      * {@code GenericDeclaration} object, in declaration order.  Returns an
 698      * array of length 0 if the underlying generic declaration declares no type
 699      * variables.
 700      *
 701      * @return an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent
 702      *     the type variables declared by this generic declaration
 703      * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
 704      *     signature of this generic declaration does not conform to
 705      *     the format specified in
 706      *     <cite>The Java&trade; Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
 707      * @since 1.5
 708      */
 709     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 710     public TypeVariable<Class<T>>[] getTypeParameters() {
 711         if (getGenericSignature() != null)
 712             return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])getGenericInfo().getTypeParameters();
 713         else
 714             return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])new TypeVariable<?>[0];
 715     }
 716 
 717 
 718     /**
 719      * Returns the {@code Class} representing the superclass of the entity
 720      * (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by this
 721      * {@code Class}.  If this {@code Class} represents either the
 722      * {@code Object} class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then
 723      * null is returned.  If this object represents an array class then the
 724      * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
 725      * returned.
 726      *
 727      * @return the superclass of the class represented by this object.
 728      */
 729     public native Class<? super T> getSuperclass();
 730 
 731 
 732     /**
 733      * Returns the {@code Type} representing the direct superclass of
 734      * the entity (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by
 735      * this {@code Class}.
 736      *
 737      * <p>If the superclass is a parameterized type, the {@code Type}
 738      * object returned must accurately reflect the actual type
 739      * parameters used in the source code. The parameterized type
 740      * representing the superclass is created if it had not been
 741      * created before. See the declaration of {@link
 742      * java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType} for the
 743      * semantics of the creation process for parameterized types.  If
 744      * this {@code Class} represents either the {@code Object}
 745      * class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then null is
 746      * returned.  If this object represents an array class then the
 747      * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
 748      * returned.
 749      *
 750      * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
 751      *     class signature does not conform to the format specified in
 752      *     <cite>The Java&trade; Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
 753      * @throws TypeNotPresentException if the generic superclass
 754      *     refers to a non-existent type declaration
 755      * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException if the
 756      *     generic superclass refers to a parameterized type that cannot be
 757      *     instantiated  for any reason
 758      * @return the superclass of the class represented by this object
 759      * @since 1.5
 760      */
 761     public Type getGenericSuperclass() {
 762         if (getGenericSignature() != null) {
 763             // Historical irregularity:
 764             // Generic signature marks interfaces with superclass = Object
 765             // but this API returns null for interfaces
 766             if (isInterface())
 767                 return null;
 768             return getGenericInfo().getSuperclass();
 769         } else
 770             return getSuperclass();
 771     }
 772 
 773     /**
 774      * Gets the package for this class.  The class loader of this class is used
 775      * to find the package.  If the class was loaded by the bootstrap class
 776      * loader the set of packages loaded from CLASSPATH is searched to find the
 777      * package of the class. Null is returned if no package object was created
 778      * by the class loader of this class.
 779      *
 780      * <p> Packages have attributes for versions and specifications only if the
 781      * information was defined in the manifests that accompany the classes, and
 782      * if the class loader created the package instance with the attributes
 783      * from the manifest.
 784      *
 785      * @return the package of the class, or null if no package
 786      *         information is available from the archive or codebase.
 787      */
 788     public Package getPackage() {
 789         return Package.getPackage(this);
 790     }
 791 
 792 
 793     /**
 794      * Determines the interfaces implemented by the class or interface
 795      * represented by this object.
 796      *
 797      * <p> If this object represents a class, the return value is an array
 798      * containing objects representing all interfaces implemented by the
 799      * class. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to
 800      * the order of the interface names in the {@code implements} clause
 801      * of the declaration of the class represented by this object. For
 802      * example, given the declaration:
 803      * <blockquote>
 804      * {@code class Shimmer implements FloorWax, DessertTopping { ... }}
 805      * </blockquote>
 806      * suppose the value of {@code s} is an instance of
 807      * {@code Shimmer}; the value of the expression:
 808      * <blockquote>
 809      * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[0]}
 810      * </blockquote>
 811      * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
 812      * {@code FloorWax}; and the value of:
 813      * <blockquote>
 814      * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[1]}
 815      * </blockquote>
 816      * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
 817      * {@code DessertTopping}.
 818      *
 819      * <p> If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects
 820      * representing all interfaces extended by the interface. The order of the
 821      * interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of the interface
 822      * names in the {@code extends} clause of the declaration of the
 823      * interface represented by this object.
 824      *
 825      * <p> If this object represents a class or interface that implements no
 826      * interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0.
 827      *
 828      * <p> If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method
 829      * returns an array of length 0.
 830      *
 831      * @return an array of interfaces implemented by this class.
 832      */
 833     public native Class<?>[] getInterfaces();
 834 
 835     /**
 836      * Returns the {@code Type}s representing the interfaces
 837      * directly implemented by the class or interface represented by
 838      * this object.
 839      *
 840      * <p>If a superinterface is a parameterized type, the
 841      * {@code Type} object returned for it must accurately reflect
 842      * the actual type parameters used in the source code. The
 843      * parameterized type representing each superinterface is created
 844      * if it had not been created before. See the declaration of
 845      * {@link java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType}
 846      * for the semantics of the creation process for parameterized
 847      * types.
 848      *
 849      * <p> If this object represents a class, the return value is an
 850      * array containing objects representing all interfaces
 851      * implemented by the class. The order of the interface objects in
 852      * the array corresponds to the order of the interface names in
 853      * the {@code implements} clause of the declaration of the class
 854      * represented by this object.  In the case of an array class, the
 855      * interfaces {@code Cloneable} and {@code Serializable} are
 856      * returned in that order.
 857      *
 858      * <p>If this object represents an interface, the array contains
 859      * objects representing all interfaces directly extended by the
 860      * interface.  The order of the interface objects in the array
 861      * corresponds to the order of the interface names in the
 862      * {@code extends} clause of the declaration of the interface
 863      * represented by this object.
 864      *
 865      * <p>If this object represents a class or interface that
 866      * implements no interfaces, the method returns an array of length
 867      * 0.
 868      *
 869      * <p>If this object represents a primitive type or void, the
 870      * method returns an array of length 0.
 871      *
 872      * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError
 873      *     if the generic class signature does not conform to the format
 874      *     specified in
 875      *     <cite>The Java&trade; Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
 876      * @throws TypeNotPresentException if any of the generic
 877      *     superinterfaces refers to a non-existent type declaration
 878      * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException
 879      *     if any of the generic superinterfaces refer to a parameterized
 880      *     type that cannot be instantiated for any reason
 881      * @return an array of interfaces implemented by this class
 882      * @since 1.5
 883      */
 884     public Type[] getGenericInterfaces() {
 885         if (getGenericSignature() != null)
 886             return getGenericInfo().getSuperInterfaces();
 887         else
 888             return getInterfaces();
 889     }
 890 
 891 
 892     /**
 893      * Returns the {@code Class} representing the component type of an
 894      * array.  If this class does not represent an array class this method
 895      * returns null.
 896      *
 897      * @return the {@code Class} representing the component type of this
 898      * class if this class is an array
 899      * @see     java.lang.reflect.Array
 900      * @since JDK1.1
 901      */
 902     public native Class<?> getComponentType();
 903 
 904 
 905     /**
 906      * Returns the Java language modifiers for this class or interface, encoded
 907      * in an integer. The modifiers consist of the Java Virtual Machine's
 908      * constants for {@code public}, {@code protected},
 909      * {@code private}, {@code final}, {@code static},
 910      * {@code abstract} and {@code interface}; they should be decoded
 911      * using the methods of class {@code Modifier}.
 912      *
 913      * <p> If the underlying class is an array class, then its
 914      * {@code public}, {@code private} and {@code protected}
 915      * modifiers are the same as those of its component type.  If this
 916      * {@code Class} represents a primitive type or void, its
 917      * {@code public} modifier is always {@code true}, and its
 918      * {@code protected} and {@code private} modifiers are always
 919      * {@code false}. If this object represents an array class, a
 920      * primitive type or void, then its {@code final} modifier is always
 921      * {@code true} and its interface modifier is always
 922      * {@code false}. The values of its other modifiers are not determined
 923      * by this specification.
 924      *
 925      * <p> The modifier encodings are defined in <em>The Java Virtual Machine
 926      * Specification</em>, table 4.1.
 927      *
 928      * @return the {@code int} representing the modifiers for this class
 929      * @see     java.lang.reflect.Modifier
 930      * @since JDK1.1
 931      */
 932     public native int getModifiers();
 933 
 934 
 935     /**
 936      * Gets the signers of this class.
 937      *
 938      * @return  the signers of this class, or null if there are no signers.  In
 939      *          particular, this method returns null if this object represents
 940      *          a primitive type or void.
 941      * @since   JDK1.1
 942      */
 943     public native Object[] getSigners();
 944 
 945 
 946     /**
 947      * Set the signers of this class.
 948      */
 949     native void setSigners(Object[] signers);
 950 
 951 
 952     /**
 953      * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous
 954      * class within a method, returns a {@link
 955      * java.lang.reflect.Method Method} object representing the
 956      * immediately enclosing method of the underlying class. Returns
 957      * {@code null} otherwise.
 958      *
 959      * In particular, this method returns {@code null} if the underlying
 960      * class is a local or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type
 961      * declaration, instance initializer or static initializer.
 962      *
 963      * @return the immediately enclosing method of the underlying class, if
 964      *     that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.
 965      * @since 1.5
 966      */
 967     public Method getEnclosingMethod() {
 968         EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
 969 
 970         if (enclosingInfo == null)
 971             return null;
 972         else {
 973             if (!enclosingInfo.isMethod())
 974                 return null;
 975 
 976             MethodRepository typeInfo = MethodRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),
 977                                                               getFactory());
 978             Class<?>   returnType       = toClass(typeInfo.getReturnType());
 979             Type []    parameterTypes   = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();
 980             Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];
 981 
 982             // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*
 983             // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used
 984             // don't have generics information
 985             for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)
 986                 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);
 987 
 988             /*
 989              * Loop over all declared methods; match method name,
 990              * number of and type of parameters, *and* return
 991              * type.  Matching return type is also necessary
 992              * because of covariant returns, etc.
 993              */
 994             for(Method m: enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass().getDeclaredMethods()) {
 995                 if (m.getName().equals(enclosingInfo.getName()) ) {
 996                     Class<?>[] candidateParamClasses = m.getParameterTypes();
 997                     if (candidateParamClasses.length == parameterClasses.length) {
 998                         boolean matches = true;
 999                         for(int i = 0; i < candidateParamClasses.length; i++) {
1000                             if (!candidateParamClasses[i].equals(parameterClasses[i])) {
1001                                 matches = false;
1002                                 break;
1003                             }
1004                         }
1005 
1006                         if (matches) { // finally, check return type
1007                             if (m.getReturnType().equals(returnType) )
1008                                 return m;
1009                         }
1010                     }
1011                 }
1012             }
1013 
1014             throw new InternalError("Enclosing method not found");
1015         }
1016     }
1017 
1018     private native Object[] getEnclosingMethod0();
1019 
1020     private EnclosingMethodInfo getEnclosingMethodInfo() {
1021         Object[] enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethod0();
1022         if (enclosingInfo == null)
1023             return null;
1024         else {
1025             return new EnclosingMethodInfo(enclosingInfo);
1026         }
1027     }
1028 
1029     private final static class EnclosingMethodInfo {
1030         private Class<?> enclosingClass;
1031         private String name;
1032         private String descriptor;
1033 
1034         private EnclosingMethodInfo(Object[] enclosingInfo) {
1035             if (enclosingInfo.length != 3)
1036                 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");
1037             try {
1038                 // The array is expected to have three elements:
1039 
1040                 // the immediately enclosing class
1041                 enclosingClass = (Class<?>) enclosingInfo[0];
1042                 assert(enclosingClass != null);
1043 
1044                 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's
1045                 // name (can be null).
1046                 name            = (String)   enclosingInfo[1];
1047 
1048                 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's
1049                 // descriptor (null iff name is).
1050                 descriptor      = (String)   enclosingInfo[2];
1051                 assert((name != null && descriptor != null) || name == descriptor);
1052             } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
1053                 throw new InternalError("Invalid type in enclosing method information", cce);
1054             }
1055         }
1056 
1057         boolean isPartial() {
1058             return enclosingClass == null || name == null || descriptor == null;
1059         }
1060 
1061         boolean isConstructor() { return !isPartial() && "<init>".equals(name); }
1062 
1063         boolean isMethod() { return !isPartial() && !isConstructor() && !"<clinit>".equals(name); }
1064 
1065         Class<?> getEnclosingClass() { return enclosingClass; }
1066 
1067         String getName() { return name; }
1068 
1069         String getDescriptor() { return descriptor; }
1070 
1071     }
1072 
1073     private static Class<?> toClass(Type o) {
1074         if (o instanceof GenericArrayType)
1075             return Array.newInstance(toClass(((GenericArrayType)o).getGenericComponentType()),
1076                                      0)
1077                 .getClass();
1078         return (Class<?>)o;
1079      }
1080 
1081     /**
1082      * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous
1083      * class within a constructor, returns a {@link
1084      * java.lang.reflect.Constructor Constructor} object representing
1085      * the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying
1086      * class. Returns {@code null} otherwise.  In particular, this
1087      * method returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a local
1088      * or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type declaration,
1089      * instance initializer or static initializer.
1090      *
1091      * @return the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying class, if
1092      *     that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.
1093      * @since 1.5
1094      */
1095     public Constructor<?> getEnclosingConstructor() {
1096         EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1097 
1098         if (enclosingInfo == null)
1099             return null;
1100         else {
1101             if (!enclosingInfo.isConstructor())
1102                 return null;
1103 
1104             ConstructorRepository typeInfo = ConstructorRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),
1105                                                                         getFactory());
1106             Type []    parameterTypes   = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();
1107             Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];
1108 
1109             // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*
1110             // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used
1111             // don't have generics information
1112             for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)
1113                 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);
1114 
1115             /*
1116              * Loop over all declared constructors; match number
1117              * of and type of parameters.
1118              */
1119             for(Constructor<?> c: enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass().getDeclaredConstructors()) {
1120                 Class<?>[] candidateParamClasses = c.getParameterTypes();
1121                 if (candidateParamClasses.length == parameterClasses.length) {
1122                     boolean matches = true;
1123                     for(int i = 0; i < candidateParamClasses.length; i++) {
1124                         if (!candidateParamClasses[i].equals(parameterClasses[i])) {
1125                             matches = false;
1126                             break;
1127                         }
1128                     }
1129 
1130                     if (matches)
1131                         return c;
1132                 }
1133             }
1134 
1135             throw new InternalError("Enclosing constructor not found");
1136         }
1137     }
1138 
1139 
1140     /**
1141      * If the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} object
1142      * is a member of another class, returns the {@code Class} object
1143      * representing the class in which it was declared.  This method returns
1144      * null if this class or interface is not a member of any other class.  If
1145      * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, a primitive
1146      * type, or void,then this method returns null.
1147      *
1148      * @return the declaring class for this class
1149      * @since JDK1.1
1150      */
1151     public native Class<?> getDeclaringClass();
1152 
1153 
1154     /**
1155      * Returns the immediately enclosing class of the underlying
1156      * class.  If the underlying class is a top level class this
1157      * method returns {@code null}.
1158      * @return the immediately enclosing class of the underlying class
1159      * @since 1.5
1160      */
1161     public Class<?> getEnclosingClass() {
1162         // There are five kinds of classes (or interfaces):
1163         // a) Top level classes
1164         // b) Nested classes (static member classes)
1165         // c) Inner classes (non-static member classes)
1166         // d) Local classes (named classes declared within a method)
1167         // e) Anonymous classes
1168 
1169 
1170         // JVM Spec 4.8.6: A class must have an EnclosingMethod
1171         // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an
1172         // anonymous class.
1173         EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1174 
1175         if (enclosingInfo == null) {
1176             // This is a top level or a nested class or an inner class (a, b, or c)
1177             return getDeclaringClass();
1178         } else {
1179             Class<?> enclosingClass = enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass();
1180             // This is a local class or an anonymous class (d or e)
1181             if (enclosingClass == this || enclosingClass == null)
1182                 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");
1183             else
1184                 return enclosingClass;
1185         }
1186     }
1187 
1188     /**
1189      * Returns the simple name of the underlying class as given in the
1190      * source code. Returns an empty string if the underlying class is
1191      * anonymous.
1192      *
1193      * <p>The simple name of an array is the simple name of the
1194      * component type with "[]" appended.  In particular the simple
1195      * name of an array whose component type is anonymous is "[]".
1196      *
1197      * @return the simple name of the underlying class
1198      * @since 1.5
1199      */
1200     public String getSimpleName() {
1201         if (isArray())
1202             return getComponentType().getSimpleName()+"[]";
1203 
1204         String simpleName = getSimpleBinaryName();
1205         if (simpleName == null) { // top level class
1206             simpleName = getName();
1207             return simpleName.substring(simpleName.lastIndexOf(".")+1); // strip the package name
1208         }
1209         // According to JLS3 "Binary Compatibility" (13.1) the binary
1210         // name of non-package classes (not top level) is the binary
1211         // name of the immediately enclosing class followed by a '$' followed by:
1212         // (for nested and inner classes): the simple name.
1213         // (for local classes): 1 or more digits followed by the simple name.
1214         // (for anonymous classes): 1 or more digits.
1215 
1216         // Since getSimpleBinaryName() will strip the binary name of
1217         // the immediatly enclosing class, we are now looking at a
1218         // string that matches the regular expression "\$[0-9]*"
1219         // followed by a simple name (considering the simple of an
1220         // anonymous class to be the empty string).
1221 
1222         // Remove leading "\$[0-9]*" from the name
1223         int length = simpleName.length();
1224         if (length < 1 || simpleName.charAt(0) != '$')
1225             throw new InternalError("Malformed class name");
1226         int index = 1;
1227         while (index < length && isAsciiDigit(simpleName.charAt(index)))
1228             index++;
1229         // Eventually, this is the empty string iff this is an anonymous class
1230         return simpleName.substring(index);
1231     }
1232 
1233     /**
1234      * Return an informative string for the name of this type.
1235      *
1236      * @return an informative string for the name of this type
1237      * @since 1.8
1238      */
1239     public String getTypeName() {
1240         if (isArray()) {
1241             try {
1242                 Class<?> cl = this;
1243                 int dimensions = 0;
1244                 while (cl.isArray()) {
1245                     dimensions++;
1246                     cl = cl.getComponentType();
1247                 }
1248                 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
1249                 sb.append(cl.getName());
1250                 for (int i = 0; i < dimensions; i++) {
1251                     sb.append("[]");
1252                 }
1253                 return sb.toString();
1254             } catch (Throwable e) { /*FALLTHRU*/ }
1255         }
1256         return getName();
1257     }
1258 
1259     /**
1260      * Character.isDigit answers {@code true} to some non-ascii
1261      * digits.  This one does not.
1262      */
1263     private static boolean isAsciiDigit(char c) {
1264         return '0' <= c && c <= '9';
1265     }
1266 
1267     /**
1268      * Returns the canonical name of the underlying class as
1269      * defined by the Java Language Specification.  Returns null if
1270      * the underlying class does not have a canonical name (i.e., if
1271      * it is a local or anonymous class or an array whose component
1272      * type does not have a canonical name).
1273      * @return the canonical name of the underlying class if it exists, and
1274      * {@code null} otherwise.
1275      * @since 1.5
1276      */
1277     public String getCanonicalName() {
1278         if (isArray()) {
1279             String canonicalName = getComponentType().getCanonicalName();
1280             if (canonicalName != null)
1281                 return canonicalName + "[]";
1282             else
1283                 return null;
1284         }
1285         if (isLocalOrAnonymousClass())
1286             return null;
1287         Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();
1288         if (enclosingClass == null) { // top level class
1289             return getName();
1290         } else {
1291             String enclosingName = enclosingClass.getCanonicalName();
1292             if (enclosingName == null)
1293                 return null;
1294             return enclosingName + "." + getSimpleName();
1295         }
1296     }
1297 
1298     /**
1299      * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1300      * is an anonymous class.
1301      *
1302      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is an anonymous class.
1303      * @since 1.5
1304      */
1305     public boolean isAnonymousClass() {
1306         return "".equals(getSimpleName());
1307     }
1308 
1309     /**
1310      * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1311      * is a local class.
1312      *
1313      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a local class.
1314      * @since 1.5
1315      */
1316     public boolean isLocalClass() {
1317         return isLocalOrAnonymousClass() && !isAnonymousClass();
1318     }
1319 
1320     /**
1321      * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1322      * is a member class.
1323      *
1324      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a member class.
1325      * @since 1.5
1326      */
1327     public boolean isMemberClass() {
1328         return getSimpleBinaryName() != null && !isLocalOrAnonymousClass();
1329     }
1330 
1331     /**
1332      * Returns the "simple binary name" of the underlying class, i.e.,
1333      * the binary name without the leading enclosing class name.
1334      * Returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a top level
1335      * class.
1336      */
1337     private String getSimpleBinaryName() {
1338         Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();
1339         if (enclosingClass == null) // top level class
1340             return null;
1341         // Otherwise, strip the enclosing class' name
1342         try {
1343             return getName().substring(enclosingClass.getName().length());
1344         } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
1345             throw new InternalError("Malformed class name", ex);
1346         }
1347     }
1348 
1349     /**
1350      * Returns {@code true} if this is a local class or an anonymous
1351      * class.  Returns {@code false} otherwise.
1352      */
1353     private boolean isLocalOrAnonymousClass() {
1354         // JVM Spec 4.8.6: A class must have an EnclosingMethod
1355         // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an
1356         // anonymous class.
1357         return getEnclosingMethodInfo() != null;
1358     }
1359 
1360     /**
1361      * Returns an array containing {@code Class} objects representing all
1362      * the public classes and interfaces that are members of the class
1363      * represented by this {@code Class} object.  This includes public
1364      * class and interface members inherited from superclasses and public class
1365      * and interface members declared by the class.  This method returns an
1366      * array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object has no public member
1367      * classes or interfaces.  This method also returns an array of length 0 if
1368      * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, an array
1369      * class, or void.
1370      *
1371      * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing the public
1372      * members of this class
1373      * @exception  SecurityException
1374      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1375      *             following conditions is met:
1376      *
1377      *             <ul>
1378      *
1379      *             <li> invocation of
1380      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1381      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} method
1382      *             denies access to the classes within this class
1383      *
1384      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1385      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1386      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1387      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1388      *             of this class
1389      *
1390      *             </ul>
1391      *
1392      * @since JDK1.1
1393      */
1394     @CallerSensitive
1395     public Class<?>[] getClasses() {
1396         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), false);
1397 
1398         // Privileged so this implementation can look at DECLARED classes,
1399         // something the caller might not have privilege to do.  The code here
1400         // is allowed to look at DECLARED classes because (1) it does not hand
1401         // out anything other than public members and (2) public member access
1402         // has already been ok'd by the SecurityManager.
1403 
1404         return java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
1405             new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Class<?>[]>() {
1406                 public Class<?>[] run() {
1407                     List<Class<?>> list = new ArrayList<>();
1408                     Class<?> currentClass = Class.this;
1409                     while (currentClass != null) {
1410                         Class<?>[] members = currentClass.getDeclaredClasses();
1411                         for (int i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
1412                             if (Modifier.isPublic(members[i].getModifiers())) {
1413                                 list.add(members[i]);
1414                             }
1415                         }
1416                         currentClass = currentClass.getSuperclass();
1417                     }
1418                     return list.toArray(new Class<?>[0]);
1419                 }
1420             });
1421     }
1422 
1423 
1424     /**
1425      * Returns an array containing {@code Field} objects reflecting all
1426      * the accessible public fields of the class or interface represented by
1427      * this {@code Class} object.  The elements in the array returned are
1428      * not sorted and are not in any particular order.  This method returns an
1429      * array of length 0 if the class or interface has no accessible public
1430      * fields, or if it represents an array class, a primitive type, or void.
1431      *
1432      * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a class,
1433      * this method returns the public fields of this class and of all its
1434      * superclasses.  If this {@code Class} object represents an
1435      * interface, this method returns the fields of this interface and of all
1436      * its superinterfaces.
1437      *
1438      * <p> The implicit length field for array class is not reflected by this
1439      * method. User code should use the methods of class {@code Array} to
1440      * manipulate arrays.
1441      *
1442      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
1443      *
1444      * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing the
1445      * public fields
1446      * @exception  SecurityException
1447      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1448      *             following conditions is met:
1449      *
1450      *             <ul>
1451      *
1452      *             <li> invocation of
1453      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1454      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1455      *             access to the fields within this class
1456      *
1457      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1458      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1459      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1460      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1461      *             of this class
1462      *
1463      *             </ul>
1464      *
1465      * @since JDK1.1
1466      */
1467     @CallerSensitive
1468     public Field[] getFields() throws SecurityException {
1469         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1470         return copyFields(privateGetPublicFields(null));
1471     }
1472 
1473 
1474     /**
1475      * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all
1476      * the public <em>member</em> methods of the class or interface represented
1477      * by this {@code Class} object, including those declared by the class
1478      * or interface and those inherited from superclasses and
1479      * superinterfaces.  Array classes return all the (public) member methods
1480      * inherited from the {@code Object} class.  The elements in the array
1481      * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order.  This
1482      * method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object
1483      * represents a class or interface that has no public member methods, or if
1484      * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type or void.
1485      *
1486      * <p> The class initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not
1487      * included in the returned array. If the class declares multiple public
1488      * member methods with the same parameter types, they are all included in
1489      * the returned array.
1490      *
1491      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.
1492      *
1493      * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing the
1494      * public methods of this class
1495      * @exception  SecurityException
1496      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1497      *             following conditions is met:
1498      *
1499      *             <ul>
1500      *
1501      *             <li> invocation of
1502      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1503      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1504      *             access to the methods within this class
1505      *
1506      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1507      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1508      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1509      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1510      *             of this class
1511      *
1512      *             </ul>
1513      *
1514      * @since JDK1.1
1515      */
1516     @CallerSensitive
1517     public Method[] getMethods() throws SecurityException {
1518         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1519         return copyMethods(privateGetPublicMethods());
1520     }
1521 
1522 
1523     /**
1524      * Returns an array containing {@code Constructor} objects reflecting
1525      * all the public constructors of the class represented by this
1526      * {@code Class} object.  An array of length 0 is returned if the
1527      * class has no public constructors, or if the class is an array class, or
1528      * if the class reflects a primitive type or void.
1529      *
1530      * Note that while this method returns an array of {@code
1531      * Constructor<T>} objects (that is an array of constructors from
1532      * this class), the return type of this method is {@code
1533      * Constructor<?>[]} and <em>not</em> {@code Constructor<T>[]} as
1534      * might be expected.  This less informative return type is
1535      * necessary since after being returned from this method, the
1536      * array could be modified to hold {@code Constructor} objects for
1537      * different classes, which would violate the type guarantees of
1538      * {@code Constructor<T>[]}.
1539      *
1540      * @return the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing the
1541      *  public constructors of this class
1542      * @exception  SecurityException
1543      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1544      *             following conditions is met:
1545      *
1546      *             <ul>
1547      *
1548      *             <li> invocation of
1549      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1550      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1551      *             access to the constructors within this class
1552      *
1553      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1554      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1555      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1556      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1557      *             of this class
1558      *
1559      *             </ul>
1560      *
1561      * @since JDK1.1
1562      */
1563     @CallerSensitive
1564     public Constructor<?>[] getConstructors() throws SecurityException {
1565         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1566         return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(true));
1567     }
1568 
1569 
1570     /**
1571      * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified public
1572      * member field of the class or interface represented by this
1573      * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1574      * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired field.
1575      *
1576      * <p> The field to be reflected is determined by the algorithm that
1577      * follows.  Let C be the class represented by this object:
1578      * <OL>
1579      * <LI> If C declares a public field with the name specified, that is the
1580      *      field to be reflected.</LI>
1581      * <LI> If no field was found in step 1 above, this algorithm is applied
1582      *      recursively to each direct superinterface of C. The direct
1583      *      superinterfaces are searched in the order they were declared.</LI>
1584      * <LI> If no field was found in steps 1 and 2 above, and C has a
1585      *      superclass S, then this algorithm is invoked recursively upon S.
1586      *      If C has no superclass, then a {@code NoSuchFieldException}
1587      *      is thrown.</LI>
1588      * </OL>
1589      *
1590      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
1591      *
1592      * @param name the field name
1593      * @return  the {@code Field} object of this class specified by
1594      * {@code name}
1595      * @exception NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
1596      *              not found.
1597      * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1598      * @exception  SecurityException
1599      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1600      *             following conditions is met:
1601      *
1602      *             <ul>
1603      *
1604      *             <li> invocation of
1605      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1606      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1607      *             access to the field
1608      *
1609      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1610      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1611      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1612      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1613      *             of this class
1614      *
1615      *             </ul>
1616      *
1617      * @since JDK1.1
1618      */
1619     @CallerSensitive
1620     public Field getField(String name)
1621         throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {
1622         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1623         Field field = getField0(name);
1624         if (field == null) {
1625             throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
1626         }
1627         return field;
1628     }
1629 
1630 
1631     /**
1632      * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified public
1633      * member method of the class or interface represented by this
1634      * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1635      * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired method. The
1636      * {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of {@code Class}
1637      * objects that identify the method's formal parameter types, in declared
1638      * order. If {@code parameterTypes} is {@code null}, it is
1639      * treated as if it were an empty array.
1640      *
1641      * <p> If the {@code name} is "{@code <init>};"or "{@code <clinit>}" a
1642      * {@code NoSuchMethodException} is raised. Otherwise, the method to
1643      * be reflected is determined by the algorithm that follows.  Let C be the
1644      * class represented by this object:
1645      * <OL>
1646      * <LI> C is searched for any <I>matching methods</I>. If no matching
1647      *      method is found, the algorithm of step 1 is invoked recursively on
1648      *      the superclass of C.</LI>
1649      * <LI> If no method was found in step 1 above, the superinterfaces of C
1650      *      are searched for a matching method. If any such method is found, it
1651      *      is reflected.</LI>
1652      * </OL>
1653      *
1654      * To find a matching method in a class C:&nbsp; If C declares exactly one
1655      * public method with the specified name and exactly the same formal
1656      * parameter types, that is the method reflected. If more than one such
1657      * method is found in C, and one of these methods has a return type that is
1658      * more specific than any of the others, that method is reflected;
1659      * otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily.
1660      *
1661      * <p>Note that there may be more than one matching method in a
1662      * class because while the Java language forbids a class to
1663      * declare multiple methods with the same signature but different
1664      * return types, the Java virtual machine does not.  This
1665      * increased flexibility in the virtual machine can be used to
1666      * implement various language features.  For example, covariant
1667      * returns can be implemented with {@linkplain
1668      * java.lang.reflect.Method#isBridge bridge methods}; the bridge
1669      * method and the method being overridden would have the same
1670      * signature but different return types.
1671      *
1672      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.
1673      *
1674      * @param name the name of the method
1675      * @param parameterTypes the list of parameters
1676      * @return the {@code Method} object that matches the specified
1677      * {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes}
1678      * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found
1679      *            or if the name is "&lt;init&gt;"or "&lt;clinit&gt;".
1680      * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1681      * @exception  SecurityException
1682      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1683      *             following conditions is met:
1684      *
1685      *             <ul>
1686      *
1687      *             <li> invocation of
1688      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1689      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1690      *             access to the method
1691      *
1692      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1693      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1694      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1695      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1696      *             of this class
1697      *
1698      *             </ul>
1699      *
1700      * @since JDK1.1
1701      */
1702     @CallerSensitive
1703     public Method getMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1704         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1705         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1706         Method method = getMethod0(name, parameterTypes);
1707         if (method == null) {
1708             throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + "." + name + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));
1709         }
1710         return method;
1711     }
1712 
1713 
1714     /**
1715      * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified
1716      * public constructor of the class represented by this {@code Class}
1717      * object. The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
1718      * {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's formal
1719      * parameter types, in declared order.
1720      *
1721      * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class
1722      * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types
1723      * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
1724      *
1725      * <p> The constructor to reflect is the public constructor of the class
1726      * represented by this {@code Class} object whose formal parameter
1727      * types match those specified by {@code parameterTypes}.
1728      *
1729      * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
1730      * @return the {@code Constructor} object of the public constructor that
1731      * matches the specified {@code parameterTypes}
1732      * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
1733      * @exception  SecurityException
1734      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1735      *             following conditions is met:
1736      *
1737      *             <ul>
1738      *
1739      *             <li> invocation of
1740      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1741      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1742      *             access to the constructor
1743      *
1744      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1745      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1746      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1747      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1748      *             of this class
1749      *
1750      *             </ul>
1751      *
1752      * @since JDK1.1
1753      */
1754     @CallerSensitive
1755     public Constructor<T> getConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1756         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1757         checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1758         return getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.PUBLIC);
1759     }
1760 
1761 
1762     /**
1763      * Returns an array of {@code Class} objects reflecting all the
1764      * classes and interfaces declared as members of the class represented by
1765      * this {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
1766      * (package) access, and private classes and interfaces declared by the
1767      * class, but excludes inherited classes and interfaces.  This method
1768      * returns an array of length 0 if the class declares no classes or
1769      * interfaces as members, or if this {@code Class} object represents a
1770      * primitive type, an array class, or void.
1771      *
1772      * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing all the
1773      * declared members of this class
1774      * @exception  SecurityException
1775      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1776      *             following conditions is met:
1777      *
1778      *             <ul>
1779      *
1780      *             <li> invocation of
1781      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1782      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1783      *             access to the declared classes within this class
1784      *
1785      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1786      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1787      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1788      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1789      *             of this class
1790      *
1791      *             </ul>
1792      *
1793      * @since JDK1.1
1794      */
1795     @CallerSensitive
1796     public Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses() throws SecurityException {
1797         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), false);
1798         return getDeclaredClasses0();
1799     }
1800 
1801 
1802     /**
1803      * Returns an array of {@code Field} objects reflecting all the fields
1804      * declared by the class or interface represented by this
1805      * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
1806      * (package) access, and private fields, but excludes inherited fields.
1807      * The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any
1808      * particular order.  This method returns an array of length 0 if the class
1809      * or interface declares no fields, or if this {@code Class} object
1810      * represents a primitive type, an array class, or void.
1811      *
1812      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
1813      *
1814      * @return    the array of {@code Field} objects representing all the
1815      * declared fields of this class
1816      * @exception  SecurityException
1817      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1818      *             following conditions is met:
1819      *
1820      *             <ul>
1821      *
1822      *             <li> invocation of
1823      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1824      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1825      *             access to the declared fields within this class
1826      *
1827      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1828      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1829      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1830      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1831      *             of this class
1832      *
1833      *             </ul>
1834      *
1835      * @since JDK1.1
1836      */
1837     @CallerSensitive
1838     public Field[] getDeclaredFields() throws SecurityException {
1839         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1840         return copyFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false));
1841     }
1842 
1843 
1844     /**
1845      * Returns an array of {@code Method} objects reflecting all the
1846      * methods declared by the class or interface represented by this
1847      * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
1848      * (package) access, and private methods, but excludes inherited methods.
1849      * The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any
1850      * particular order.  This method returns an array of length 0 if the class
1851      * or interface declares no methods, or if this {@code Class} object
1852      * represents a primitive type, an array class, or void.  The class
1853      * initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not included in the
1854      * returned array. If the class declares multiple public member methods
1855      * with the same parameter types, they are all included in the returned
1856      * array.
1857      *
1858      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.
1859      *
1860      * @return    the array of {@code Method} objects representing all the
1861      * declared methods of this class
1862      * @exception  SecurityException
1863      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1864      *             following conditions is met:
1865      *
1866      *             <ul>
1867      *
1868      *             <li> invocation of
1869      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1870      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1871      *             access to the declared methods within this class
1872      *
1873      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1874      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1875      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1876      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1877      *             of this class
1878      *
1879      *             </ul>
1880      *
1881      * @since JDK1.1
1882      */
1883     @CallerSensitive
1884     public Method[] getDeclaredMethods() throws SecurityException {
1885         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1886         return copyMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false));
1887     }
1888 
1889 
1890     /**
1891      * Returns an array of {@code Constructor} objects reflecting all the
1892      * constructors declared by the class represented by this
1893      * {@code Class} object. These are public, protected, default
1894      * (package) access, and private constructors.  The elements in the array
1895      * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order.  If the
1896      * class has a default constructor, it is included in the returned array.
1897      * This method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class}
1898      * object represents an interface, a primitive type, an array class, or
1899      * void.
1900      *
1901      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.
1902      *
1903      * @return    the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing all the
1904      * declared constructors of this class
1905      * @exception  SecurityException
1906      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1907      *             following conditions is met:
1908      *
1909      *             <ul>
1910      *
1911      *             <li> invocation of
1912      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1913      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1914      *             access to the declared constructors within this class
1915      *
1916      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1917      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1918      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1919      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1920      *             of this class
1921      *
1922      *             </ul>
1923      *
1924      * @since JDK1.1
1925      */
1926     @CallerSensitive
1927     public Constructor<?>[] getDeclaredConstructors() throws SecurityException {
1928         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1929         return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(false));
1930     }
1931 
1932 
1933     /**
1934      * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified declared
1935      * field of the class or interface represented by this {@code Class}
1936      * object. The {@code name} parameter is a {@code String} that
1937      * specifies the simple name of the desired field.  Note that this method
1938      * will not reflect the {@code length} field of an array class.
1939      *
1940      * @param name the name of the field
1941      * @return the {@code Field} object for the specified field in this
1942      * class
1943      * @exception NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
1944      *              not found.
1945      * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1946      * @exception  SecurityException
1947      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1948      *             following conditions is met:
1949      *
1950      *             <ul>
1951      *
1952      *             <li> invocation of
1953      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1954      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1955      *             access to the declared field
1956      *
1957      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1958      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1959      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1960      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1961      *             of this class
1962      *
1963      *             </ul>
1964      *
1965      * @since JDK1.1
1966      */
1967     @CallerSensitive
1968     public Field getDeclaredField(String name)
1969         throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {
1970         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1971         Field field = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false), name);
1972         if (field == null) {
1973             throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
1974         }
1975         return field;
1976     }
1977 
1978 
1979     /**
1980      * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified
1981      * declared method of the class or interface represented by this
1982      * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1983      * {@code String} that specifies the simple name of the desired
1984      * method, and the {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
1985      * {@code Class} objects that identify the method's formal parameter
1986      * types, in declared order.  If more than one method with the same
1987      * parameter types is declared in a class, and one of these methods has a
1988      * return type that is more specific than any of the others, that method is
1989      * returned; otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily.  If the
1990      * name is "&lt;init&gt;"or "&lt;clinit&gt;" a {@code NoSuchMethodException}
1991      * is raised.
1992      *
1993      * @param name the name of the method
1994      * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
1995      * @return    the {@code Method} object for the method of this class
1996      * matching the specified name and parameters
1997      * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
1998      * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1999      * @exception  SecurityException
2000      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2001      *             following conditions is met:
2002      *
2003      *             <ul>
2004      *
2005      *             <li> invocation of
2006      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
2007      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
2008      *             access to the declared method
2009      *
2010      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2011      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2012      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2013      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2014      *             of this class
2015      *
2016      *             </ul>
2017      *
2018      * @since JDK1.1
2019      */
2020     @CallerSensitive
2021     public Method getDeclaredMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
2022         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
2023         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2024         Method method = searchMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false), name, parameterTypes);
2025         if (method == null) {
2026             throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + "." + name + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));
2027         }
2028         return method;
2029     }
2030 
2031 
2032     /**
2033      * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified
2034      * constructor of the class or interface represented by this
2035      * {@code Class} object.  The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is
2036      * an array of {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's
2037      * formal parameter types, in declared order.
2038      *
2039      * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class
2040      * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types
2041      * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
2042      *
2043      * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
2044      * @return    The {@code Constructor} object for the constructor with the
2045      * specified parameter list
2046      * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
2047      * @exception  SecurityException
2048      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2049      *             following conditions is met:
2050      *
2051      *             <ul>
2052      *
2053      *             <li> invocation of
2054      *             {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
2055      *             s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
2056      *             access to the declared constructor
2057      *
2058      *             <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2059      *             ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2060      *             invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2061      *             s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2062      *             of this class
2063      *
2064      *             </ul>
2065      *
2066      * @since JDK1.1
2067      */
2068     @CallerSensitive
2069     public Constructor<T> getDeclaredConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
2070         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
2071         checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2072         return getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.DECLARED);
2073     }
2074 
2075     /**
2076      * Finds a resource with a given name.  The rules for searching resources
2077      * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining
2078      * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class.  This method
2079      * delegates to this object's class loader.  If this object was loaded by
2080      * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
2081      * ClassLoader#getSystemResourceAsStream}.
2082      *
2083      * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
2084      * given resource name using this algorithm:
2085      *
2086      * <ul>
2087      *
2088      * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
2089      * (<tt>'&#92;u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
2090      * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
2091      *
2092      * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
2093      *
2094      * <blockquote>
2095      *   {@code modified_package_name/name}
2096      * </blockquote>
2097      *
2098      * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
2099      * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
2100      * (<tt>'&#92;u002e'</tt>).
2101      *
2102      * </ul>
2103      *
2104      * @param  name name of the desired resource
2105      * @return      A {@link java.io.InputStream} object or {@code null} if
2106      *              no resource with this name is found
2107      * @throws  NullPointerException If {@code name} is {@code null}
2108      * @since  JDK1.1
2109      */
2110      public InputStream getResourceAsStream(String name) {
2111         name = resolveName(name);
2112         ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2113         if (cl==null) {
2114             // A system class.
2115             return ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name);
2116         }
2117         return cl.getResourceAsStream(name);
2118     }
2119 
2120     /**
2121      * Finds a resource with a given name.  The rules for searching resources
2122      * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining
2123      * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class.  This method
2124      * delegates to this object's class loader.  If this object was loaded by
2125      * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
2126      * ClassLoader#getSystemResource}.
2127      *
2128      * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
2129      * given resource name using this algorithm:
2130      *
2131      * <ul>
2132      *
2133      * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
2134      * (<tt>'&#92;u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
2135      * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
2136      *
2137      * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
2138      *
2139      * <blockquote>
2140      *   {@code modified_package_name/name}
2141      * </blockquote>
2142      *
2143      * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
2144      * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
2145      * (<tt>'&#92;u002e'</tt>).
2146      *
2147      * </ul>
2148      *
2149      * @param  name name of the desired resource
2150      * @return      A  {@link java.net.URL} object or {@code null} if no
2151      *              resource with this name is found
2152      * @since  JDK1.1
2153      */
2154     public java.net.URL getResource(String name) {
2155         name = resolveName(name);
2156         ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2157         if (cl==null) {
2158             // A system class.
2159             return ClassLoader.getSystemResource(name);
2160         }
2161         return cl.getResource(name);
2162     }
2163 
2164 
2165 
2166     /** protection domain returned when the internal domain is null */
2167     private static java.security.ProtectionDomain allPermDomain;
2168 
2169 
2170     /**
2171      * Returns the {@code ProtectionDomain} of this class.  If there is a
2172      * security manager installed, this method first calls the security
2173      * manager's {@code checkPermission} method with a
2174      * {@code RuntimePermission("getProtectionDomain")} permission to
2175      * ensure it's ok to get the
2176      * {@code ProtectionDomain}.
2177      *
2178      * @return the ProtectionDomain of this class
2179      *
2180      * @throws SecurityException
2181      *        if a security manager exists and its
2182      *        {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow
2183      *        getting the ProtectionDomain.
2184      *
2185      * @see java.security.ProtectionDomain
2186      * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
2187      * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
2188      * @since 1.2
2189      */
2190     public java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain() {
2191         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2192         if (sm != null) {
2193             sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_PD_PERMISSION);
2194         }
2195         java.security.ProtectionDomain pd = getProtectionDomain0();
2196         if (pd == null) {
2197             if (allPermDomain == null) {
2198                 java.security.Permissions perms =
2199                     new java.security.Permissions();
2200                 perms.add(SecurityConstants.ALL_PERMISSION);
2201                 allPermDomain =
2202                     new java.security.ProtectionDomain(null, perms);
2203             }
2204             pd = allPermDomain;
2205         }
2206         return pd;
2207     }
2208 
2209 
2210     /**
2211      * Returns the ProtectionDomain of this class.
2212      */
2213     private native java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain0();
2214 
2215 
2216     /**
2217      * Set the ProtectionDomain for this class. Called by
2218      * ClassLoader.defineClass.
2219      */
2220     native void setProtectionDomain0(java.security.ProtectionDomain pd);
2221 
2222 
2223     /*
2224      * Return the Virtual Machine's Class object for the named
2225      * primitive type.
2226      */
2227     static native Class<?> getPrimitiveClass(String name);
2228 
2229     private static boolean isCheckMemberAccessOverridden(SecurityManager smgr) {
2230         if (smgr.getClass() == SecurityManager.class) return false;
2231 
2232         Class<?>[] paramTypes = new Class<?>[] {Class.class, int.class};
2233         return smgr.getClass().getMethod0("checkMemberAccess", paramTypes).
2234                 getDeclaringClass() != SecurityManager.class;
2235     }
2236 
2237     /*
2238      * Check if client is allowed to access members.  If access is denied,
2239      * throw a SecurityException.
2240      *
2241      * <p> Default policy: allow all clients access with normal Java access
2242      * control.
2243      */
2244     private void checkMemberAccess(int which, Class<?> caller, boolean checkProxyInterfaces) {
2245         final SecurityManager s = System.getSecurityManager();
2246         if (s != null) {
2247             final ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getClassLoader(caller);
2248             final ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2249             if (!isCheckMemberAccessOverridden(s)) {
2250                 // Inlined SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
2251                 if (which != Member.PUBLIC) {
2252                     if (ccl != cl) {
2253                         s.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.CHECK_MEMBER_ACCESS_PERMISSION);
2254                     }
2255                 }
2256             } else {
2257                 // Don't refactor; otherwise break the stack depth for
2258                 // checkMemberAccess of subclasses of SecurityManager as specified.
2259                 s.checkMemberAccess(this, which);
2260             }
2261 
2262 
2263             if (ReflectUtil.needsPackageAccessCheck(ccl, cl)) {
2264                 String name = this.getName();
2265                 int i = name.lastIndexOf('.');
2266                 if (i != -1) {
2267                     // skip the package access check on a proxy class in default proxy package
2268                     String pkg = name.substring(0, i);
2269                     if (!Proxy.isProxyClass(this) || !pkg.equals(ReflectUtil.PROXY_PACKAGE)) {
2270                         s.checkPackageAccess(pkg);
2271                     }
2272                 }
2273             }
2274             // check package access on the proxy interfaces
2275             if (checkProxyInterfaces && Proxy.isProxyClass(this)) {
2276                 ReflectUtil.checkProxyPackageAccess(ccl, this.getInterfaces());
2277             }
2278         }
2279     }
2280 
2281     /**
2282      * Add a package name prefix if the name is not absolute Remove leading "/"
2283      * if name is absolute
2284      */
2285     private String resolveName(String name) {
2286         if (name == null) {
2287             return name;
2288         }
2289         if (!name.startsWith("/")) {
2290             Class<?> c = this;
2291             while (c.isArray()) {
2292                 c = c.getComponentType();
2293             }
2294             String baseName = c.getName();
2295             int index = baseName.lastIndexOf('.');
2296             if (index != -1) {
2297                 name = baseName.substring(0, index).replace('.', '/')
2298                     +"/"+name;
2299             }
2300         } else {
2301             name = name.substring(1);
2302         }
2303         return name;
2304     }
2305 
2306     /**
2307      * Reflection support.
2308      */
2309 
2310     // Caches for certain reflective results
2311     private static boolean useCaches = true;
2312 
2313     // reflection data that might get invalidated when JVM TI RedefineClasses() is called
2314     static class ReflectionData<T> {
2315         volatile Field[] declaredFields;
2316         volatile Field[] publicFields;
2317         volatile Method[] declaredMethods;
2318         volatile Method[] publicMethods;
2319         volatile Constructor<T>[] declaredConstructors;
2320         volatile Constructor<T>[] publicConstructors;
2321         // Intermediate results for getFields and getMethods
2322         volatile Field[] declaredPublicFields;
2323         volatile Method[] declaredPublicMethods;
2324         // Value of classRedefinedCount when we created this ReflectionData instance
2325         final int redefinedCount;
2326 
2327         ReflectionData(int redefinedCount) {
2328             this.redefinedCount = redefinedCount;
2329         }
2330 
2331         // initialize Unsafe machinery here, since we need to call Class.class instance method
2332         // and have to avoid calling it in the static initializer of the Class class...
2333         private static final Unsafe unsafe;
2334         // offset of Class.reflectionData instance field
2335         private static final long reflectionDataOffset;
2336 
2337         static {
2338             unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
2339             // bypass caches
2340             Field reflectionDataField = searchFields(Class.class.getDeclaredFields0(false),
2341                                                      "reflectionData");
2342             if (reflectionDataField == null) {
2343                 throw new Error("No reflectionData field found in java.lang.Class");
2344             }
2345             reflectionDataOffset = unsafe.objectFieldOffset(reflectionDataField);
2346         }
2347 
2348         static <T> boolean compareAndSwap(Class<?> clazz,
2349                                           SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> oldData,
2350                                           SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> newData) {
2351             return unsafe.compareAndSwapObject(clazz, reflectionDataOffset, oldData, newData);
2352         }
2353     }
2354 
2355     private volatile transient SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> reflectionData;
2356 
2357     // Incremented by the VM on each call to JVM TI RedefineClasses()
2358     // that redefines this class or a superclass.
2359     private volatile transient int classRedefinedCount = 0;
2360 
2361     // Lazily create and cache ReflectionData
2362     private ReflectionData<T> reflectionData() {
2363         SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> reflectionData = this.reflectionData;
2364         int classRedefinedCount = this.classRedefinedCount;
2365         ReflectionData<T> rd;
2366         if (useCaches &&
2367             reflectionData != null &&
2368             (rd = reflectionData.get()) != null &&
2369             rd.redefinedCount == classRedefinedCount) {
2370             return rd;
2371         }
2372         // else no SoftReference or cleared SoftReference or stale ReflectionData
2373         // -> create and replace new instance
2374         return newReflectionData(reflectionData, classRedefinedCount);
2375     }
2376 
2377     private ReflectionData<T> newReflectionData(SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> oldReflectionData,
2378                                                 int classRedefinedCount) {
2379         if (!useCaches) return null;
2380 
2381         while (true) {
2382             ReflectionData<T> rd = new ReflectionData<>(classRedefinedCount);
2383             // try to CAS it...
2384             if (ReflectionData.compareAndSwap(this, oldReflectionData, new SoftReference<>(rd))) {
2385                 return rd;
2386             }
2387             // else retry
2388             oldReflectionData = this.reflectionData;
2389             classRedefinedCount = this.classRedefinedCount;
2390             if (oldReflectionData != null &&
2391                 (rd = oldReflectionData.get()) != null &&
2392                 rd.redefinedCount == classRedefinedCount) {
2393                 return rd;
2394             }
2395         }
2396     }
2397 
2398     // Generic signature handling
2399     private native String getGenericSignature();
2400 
2401     // Generic info repository; lazily initialized
2402     private transient ClassRepository genericInfo;
2403 
2404     // accessor for factory
2405     private GenericsFactory getFactory() {
2406         // create scope and factory
2407         return CoreReflectionFactory.make(this, ClassScope.make(this));
2408     }
2409 
2410     // accessor for generic info repository
2411     private ClassRepository getGenericInfo() {
2412         // lazily initialize repository if necessary
2413         if (genericInfo == null) {
2414             // create and cache generic info repository
2415             genericInfo = ClassRepository.make(getGenericSignature(),
2416                                                getFactory());
2417         }
2418         return genericInfo; //return cached repository
2419     }
2420 
2421     // Annotations handling
2422     private native byte[] getRawAnnotations();
2423     // Since 1.8
2424     native byte[] getRawTypeAnnotations();
2425     static byte[] getExecutableTypeAnnotationBytes(Executable ex) {
2426         return getReflectionFactory().getExecutableTypeAnnotationBytes(ex);
2427     }
2428 
2429     native ConstantPool getConstantPool();
2430 
2431     //
2432     //
2433     // java.lang.reflect.Field handling
2434     //
2435     //
2436 
2437     // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT
2438     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2439     // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
2440     private Field[] privateGetDeclaredFields(boolean publicOnly) {
2441         checkInitted();
2442         Field[] res;
2443         ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
2444         if (rd != null) {
2445             res = publicOnly ? rd.declaredPublicFields : rd.declaredFields;
2446             if (res != null) return res;
2447         }
2448         // No cached value available; request value from VM
2449         res = Reflection.filterFields(this, getDeclaredFields0(publicOnly));
2450         if (rd != null) {
2451             if (publicOnly) {
2452                 rd.declaredPublicFields = res;
2453             } else {
2454                 rd.declaredFields = res;
2455             }
2456         }
2457         return res;
2458     }
2459 
2460     // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT
2461     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2462     // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
2463     private Field[] privateGetPublicFields(Set<Class<?>> traversedInterfaces) {
2464         checkInitted();
2465         Field[] res;
2466         ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
2467         if (rd != null) {
2468             res = rd.publicFields;
2469             if (res != null) return res;
2470         }
2471 
2472         // No cached value available; compute value recursively.
2473         // Traverse in correct order for getField().
2474         List<Field> fields = new ArrayList<>();
2475         if (traversedInterfaces == null) {
2476             traversedInterfaces = new HashSet<>();
2477         }
2478 
2479         // Local fields
2480         Field[] tmp = privateGetDeclaredFields(true);
2481         addAll(fields, tmp);
2482 
2483         // Direct superinterfaces, recursively
2484         for (Class<?> c : getInterfaces()) {
2485             if (!traversedInterfaces.contains(c)) {
2486                 traversedInterfaces.add(c);
2487                 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));
2488             }
2489         }
2490 
2491         // Direct superclass, recursively
2492         if (!isInterface()) {
2493             Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
2494             if (c != null) {
2495                 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));
2496             }
2497         }
2498 
2499         res = new Field[fields.size()];
2500         fields.toArray(res);
2501         if (rd != null) {
2502             rd.publicFields = res;
2503         }
2504         return res;
2505     }
2506 
2507     private static void addAll(Collection<Field> c, Field[] o) {
2508         for (int i = 0; i < o.length; i++) {
2509             c.add(o[i]);
2510         }
2511     }
2512 
2513 
2514     //
2515     //
2516     // java.lang.reflect.Constructor handling
2517     //
2518     //
2519 
2520     // Returns an array of "root" constructors. These Constructor
2521     // objects must NOT be propagated to the outside world, but must
2522     // instead be copied via ReflectionFactory.copyConstructor.
2523     private Constructor<T>[] privateGetDeclaredConstructors(boolean publicOnly) {
2524         checkInitted();
2525         Constructor<T>[] res;
2526         ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
2527         if (rd != null) {
2528             res = publicOnly ? rd.publicConstructors : rd.declaredConstructors;
2529             if (res != null) return res;
2530         }
2531         // No cached value available; request value from VM
2532         if (isInterface()) {
2533             @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
2534             Constructor<T>[] temporaryRes = (Constructor<T>[]) new Constructor<?>[0];
2535             res = temporaryRes;
2536         } else {
2537             res = getDeclaredConstructors0(publicOnly);
2538         }
2539         if (rd != null) {
2540             if (publicOnly) {
2541                 rd.publicConstructors = res;
2542             } else {
2543                 rd.declaredConstructors = res;
2544             }
2545         }
2546         return res;
2547     }
2548 
2549     //
2550     //
2551     // java.lang.reflect.Method handling
2552     //
2553     //
2554 
2555     // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT
2556     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2557     // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
2558     private Method[] privateGetDeclaredMethods(boolean publicOnly) {
2559         checkInitted();
2560         Method[] res;
2561         ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
2562         if (rd != null) {
2563             res = publicOnly ? rd.declaredPublicMethods : rd.declaredMethods;
2564             if (res != null) return res;
2565         }
2566         // No cached value available; request value from VM
2567         res = Reflection.filterMethods(this, getDeclaredMethods0(publicOnly));
2568         if (rd != null) {
2569             if (publicOnly) {
2570                 rd.declaredPublicMethods = res;
2571             } else {
2572                 rd.declaredMethods = res;
2573             }
2574         }
2575         return res;
2576     }
2577 
2578     static class MethodArray {
2579         private Method[] methods;
2580         private int length;
2581 
2582         MethodArray() {
2583             methods = new Method[20];
2584             length = 0;
2585         }
2586 
2587         void add(Method m) {
2588             if (length == methods.length) {
2589                 methods = Arrays.copyOf(methods, 2 * methods.length);
2590             }
2591             methods[length++] = m;
2592         }
2593 
2594         void addAll(Method[] ma) {
2595             for (int i = 0; i < ma.length; i++) {
2596                 add(ma[i]);
2597             }
2598         }
2599 
2600         void addAll(MethodArray ma) {
2601             for (int i = 0; i < ma.length(); i++) {
2602                 add(ma.get(i));
2603             }
2604         }
2605 
2606         void addIfNotPresent(Method newMethod) {
2607             for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
2608                 Method m = methods[i];
2609                 if (m == newMethod || (m != null && m.equals(newMethod))) {
2610                     return;
2611                 }
2612             }
2613             add(newMethod);
2614         }
2615 
2616         void addAllIfNotPresent(MethodArray newMethods) {
2617             for (int i = 0; i < newMethods.length(); i++) {
2618                 Method m = newMethods.get(i);
2619                 if (m != null) {
2620                     addIfNotPresent(m);
2621                 }
2622             }
2623         }
2624 
2625         int length() {
2626             return length;
2627         }
2628 
2629         Method get(int i) {
2630             return methods[i];
2631         }
2632 
2633         void removeByNameAndSignature(Method toRemove) {
2634             for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
2635                 Method m = methods[i];
2636                 if (m != null &&
2637                     m.getReturnType() == toRemove.getReturnType() &&
2638                     m.getName() == toRemove.getName() &&
2639                     arrayContentsEq(m.getParameterTypes(),
2640                                     toRemove.getParameterTypes())) {
2641                     methods[i] = null;
2642                 }
2643             }
2644         }
2645 
2646         void compactAndTrim() {
2647             int newPos = 0;
2648             // Get rid of null slots
2649             for (int pos = 0; pos < length; pos++) {
2650                 Method m = methods[pos];
2651                 if (m != null) {
2652                     if (pos != newPos) {
2653                         methods[newPos] = m;
2654                     }
2655                     newPos++;
2656                 }
2657             }
2658             if (newPos != methods.length) {
2659                 methods = Arrays.copyOf(methods, newPos);
2660             }
2661         }
2662 
2663         Method[] getArray() {
2664             return methods;
2665         }
2666     }
2667 
2668 
2669     // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT
2670     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2671     // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
2672     private Method[] privateGetPublicMethods() {
2673         checkInitted();
2674         Method[] res;
2675         ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
2676         if (rd != null) {
2677             res = rd.publicMethods;
2678             if (res != null) return res;
2679         }
2680 
2681         // No cached value available; compute value recursively.
2682         // Start by fetching public declared methods
2683         MethodArray methods = new MethodArray();
2684         {
2685             Method[] tmp = privateGetDeclaredMethods(true);
2686             methods.addAll(tmp);
2687         }
2688         // Now recur over superclass and direct superinterfaces.
2689         // Go over superinterfaces first so we can more easily filter
2690         // out concrete implementations inherited from superclasses at
2691         // the end.
2692         MethodArray inheritedMethods = new MethodArray();
2693         Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
2694         for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
2695             inheritedMethods.addAll(interfaces[i].privateGetPublicMethods());
2696         }
2697         if (!isInterface()) {
2698             Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
2699             if (c != null) {
2700                 MethodArray supers = new MethodArray();
2701                 supers.addAll(c.privateGetPublicMethods());
2702                 // Filter out concrete implementations of any
2703                 // interface methods
2704                 for (int i = 0; i < supers.length(); i++) {
2705                     Method m = supers.get(i);
2706                     if (m != null && !Modifier.isAbstract(m.getModifiers())) {
2707                         inheritedMethods.removeByNameAndSignature(m);
2708                     }
2709                 }
2710                 // Insert superclass's inherited methods before
2711                 // superinterfaces' to satisfy getMethod's search
2712                 // order
2713                 supers.addAll(inheritedMethods);
2714                 inheritedMethods = supers;
2715             }
2716         }
2717         // Filter out all local methods from inherited ones
2718         for (int i = 0; i < methods.length(); i++) {
2719             Method m = methods.get(i);
2720             inheritedMethods.removeByNameAndSignature(m);
2721         }
2722         methods.addAllIfNotPresent(inheritedMethods);
2723         methods.compactAndTrim();
2724         res = methods.getArray();
2725         if (rd != null) {
2726             rd.publicMethods = res;
2727         }
2728         return res;
2729     }
2730 
2731 
2732     //
2733     // Helpers for fetchers of one field, method, or constructor
2734     //
2735 
2736     private static Field searchFields(Field[] fields, String name) {
2737         String internedName = name.intern();
2738         for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
2739             if (fields[i].getName() == internedName) {
2740                 return getReflectionFactory().copyField(fields[i]);
2741             }
2742         }
2743         return null;
2744     }
2745 
2746     private Field getField0(String name) throws NoSuchFieldException {
2747         // Note: the intent is that the search algorithm this routine
2748         // uses be equivalent to the ordering imposed by
2749         // privateGetPublicFields(). It fetches only the declared
2750         // public fields for each class, however, to reduce the number
2751         // of Field objects which have to be created for the common
2752         // case where the field being requested is declared in the
2753         // class which is being queried.
2754         Field res;
2755         // Search declared public fields
2756         if ((res = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(true), name)) != null) {
2757             return res;
2758         }
2759         // Direct superinterfaces, recursively
2760         Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
2761         for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
2762             Class<?> c = interfaces[i];
2763             if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {
2764                 return res;
2765             }
2766         }
2767         // Direct superclass, recursively
2768         if (!isInterface()) {
2769             Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
2770             if (c != null) {
2771                 if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {
2772                     return res;
2773                 }
2774             }
2775         }
2776         return null;
2777     }
2778 
2779     private static Method searchMethods(Method[] methods,
2780                                         String name,
2781                                         Class<?>[] parameterTypes)
2782     {
2783         Method res = null;
2784         String internedName = name.intern();
2785         for (int i = 0; i < methods.length; i++) {
2786             Method m = methods[i];
2787             if (m.getName() == internedName
2788                 && arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes, m.getParameterTypes())
2789                 && (res == null
2790                     || res.getReturnType().isAssignableFrom(m.getReturnType())))
2791                 res = m;
2792         }
2793 
2794         return (res == null ? res : getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(res));
2795     }
2796 
2797 
2798     private Method getMethod0(String name, Class<?>[] parameterTypes) {
2799         // Note: the intent is that the search algorithm this routine
2800         // uses be equivalent to the ordering imposed by
2801         // privateGetPublicMethods(). It fetches only the declared
2802         // public methods for each class, however, to reduce the
2803         // number of Method objects which have to be created for the
2804         // common case where the method being requested is declared in
2805         // the class which is being queried.
2806         Method res;
2807         // Search declared public methods
2808         if ((res = searchMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(true),
2809                                  name,
2810                                  parameterTypes)) != null) {
2811             return res;
2812         }
2813         // Search superclass's methods
2814         if (!isInterface()) {
2815             Class<? super T> c = getSuperclass();
2816             if (c != null) {
2817                 if ((res = c.getMethod0(name, parameterTypes)) != null) {
2818                     return res;
2819                 }
2820             }
2821         }
2822         // Search superinterfaces' methods
2823         Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
2824         for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
2825             Class<?> c = interfaces[i];
2826             if ((res = c.getMethod0(name, parameterTypes)) != null) {
2827                 return res;
2828             }
2829         }
2830         // Not found
2831         return null;
2832     }
2833 
2834     private Constructor<T> getConstructor0(Class<?>[] parameterTypes,
2835                                         int which) throws NoSuchMethodException
2836     {
2837         Constructor<T>[] constructors = privateGetDeclaredConstructors((which == Member.PUBLIC));
2838         for (Constructor<T> constructor : constructors) {
2839             if (arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes,
2840                                 constructor.getParameterTypes())) {
2841                 return getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(constructor);
2842             }
2843         }
2844         throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + ".<init>" + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));
2845     }
2846 
2847     //
2848     // Other helpers and base implementation
2849     //
2850 
2851     private static boolean arrayContentsEq(Object[] a1, Object[] a2) {
2852         if (a1 == null) {
2853             return a2 == null || a2.length == 0;
2854         }
2855 
2856         if (a2 == null) {
2857             return a1.length == 0;
2858         }
2859 
2860         if (a1.length != a2.length) {
2861             return false;
2862         }
2863 
2864         for (int i = 0; i < a1.length; i++) {
2865             if (a1[i] != a2[i]) {
2866                 return false;
2867             }
2868         }
2869 
2870         return true;
2871     }
2872 
2873     private static Field[] copyFields(Field[] arg) {
2874         Field[] out = new Field[arg.length];
2875         ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
2876         for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
2877             out[i] = fact.copyField(arg[i]);
2878         }
2879         return out;
2880     }
2881 
2882     private static Method[] copyMethods(Method[] arg) {
2883         Method[] out = new Method[arg.length];
2884         ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
2885         for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
2886             out[i] = fact.copyMethod(arg[i]);
2887         }
2888         return out;
2889     }
2890 
2891     private static <U> Constructor<U>[] copyConstructors(Constructor<U>[] arg) {
2892         Constructor<U>[] out = arg.clone();
2893         ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
2894         for (int i = 0; i < out.length; i++) {
2895             out[i] = fact.copyConstructor(out[i]);
2896         }
2897         return out;
2898     }
2899 
2900     private native Field[]       getDeclaredFields0(boolean publicOnly);
2901     private native Method[]      getDeclaredMethods0(boolean publicOnly);
2902     private native Constructor<T>[] getDeclaredConstructors0(boolean publicOnly);
2903     private native Class<?>[]   getDeclaredClasses0();
2904 
2905     private static String        argumentTypesToString(Class<?>[] argTypes) {
2906         StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
2907         buf.append("(");
2908         if (argTypes != null) {
2909             for (int i = 0; i < argTypes.length; i++) {
2910                 if (i > 0) {
2911                     buf.append(", ");
2912                 }
2913                 Class<?> c = argTypes[i];
2914                 buf.append((c == null) ? "null" : c.getName());
2915             }
2916         }
2917         buf.append(")");
2918         return buf.toString();
2919     }
2920 
2921     /** use serialVersionUID from JDK 1.1 for interoperability */
2922     private static final long serialVersionUID = 3206093459760846163L;
2923 
2924 
2925     /**
2926      * Class Class is special cased within the Serialization Stream Protocol.
2927      *
2928      * A Class instance is written initially into an ObjectOutputStream in the
2929      * following format:
2930      * <pre>
2931      *      {@code TC_CLASS} ClassDescriptor
2932      *      A ClassDescriptor is a special cased serialization of
2933      *      a {@code java.io.ObjectStreamClass} instance.
2934      * </pre>
2935      * A new handle is generated for the initial time the class descriptor
2936      * is written into the stream. Future references to the class descriptor
2937      * are written as references to the initial class descriptor instance.
2938      *
2939      * @see java.io.ObjectStreamClass
2940      */
2941     private static final ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields =
2942         new ObjectStreamField[0];
2943 
2944 
2945     /**
2946      * Returns the assertion status that would be assigned to this
2947      * class if it were to be initialized at the time this method is invoked.
2948      * If this class has had its assertion status set, the most recent
2949      * setting will be returned; otherwise, if any package default assertion
2950      * status pertains to this class, the most recent setting for the most
2951      * specific pertinent package default assertion status is returned;
2952      * otherwise, if this class is not a system class (i.e., it has a
2953      * class loader) its class loader's default assertion status is returned;
2954      * otherwise, the system class default assertion status is returned.
2955      * <p>
2956      * Few programmers will have any need for this method; it is provided
2957      * for the benefit of the JRE itself.  (It allows a class to determine at
2958      * the time that it is initialized whether assertions should be enabled.)
2959      * Note that this method is not guaranteed to return the actual
2960      * assertion status that was (or will be) associated with the specified
2961      * class when it was (or will be) initialized.
2962      *
2963      * @return the desired assertion status of the specified class.
2964      * @see    java.lang.ClassLoader#setClassAssertionStatus
2965      * @see    java.lang.ClassLoader#setPackageAssertionStatus
2966      * @see    java.lang.ClassLoader#setDefaultAssertionStatus
2967      * @since  1.4
2968      */
2969     public boolean desiredAssertionStatus() {
2970         ClassLoader loader = getClassLoader();
2971         // If the loader is null this is a system class, so ask the VM
2972         if (loader == null)
2973             return desiredAssertionStatus0(this);
2974 
2975         // If the classloader has been initialized with the assertion
2976         // directives, ask it. Otherwise, ask the VM.
2977         synchronized(loader.assertionLock) {
2978             if (loader.classAssertionStatus != null) {
2979                 return loader.desiredAssertionStatus(getName());
2980             }
2981         }
2982         return desiredAssertionStatus0(this);
2983     }
2984 
2985     // Retrieves the desired assertion status of this class from the VM
2986     private static native boolean desiredAssertionStatus0(Class<?> clazz);
2987 
2988     /**
2989      * Returns true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
2990      * source code.
2991      *
2992      * @return true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
2993      *     source code
2994      * @since 1.5
2995      */
2996     public boolean isEnum() {
2997         // An enum must both directly extend java.lang.Enum and have
2998         // the ENUM bit set; classes for specialized enum constants
2999         // don't do the former.
3000         return (this.getModifiers() & ENUM) != 0 &&
3001         this.getSuperclass() == java.lang.Enum.class;
3002     }
3003 
3004     // Fetches the factory for reflective objects
3005     private static ReflectionFactory getReflectionFactory() {
3006         if (reflectionFactory == null) {
3007             reflectionFactory =
3008                 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged
3009                     (new sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory.GetReflectionFactoryAction());
3010         }
3011         return reflectionFactory;
3012     }
3013     private static ReflectionFactory reflectionFactory;
3014 
3015     // To be able to query system properties as soon as they're available
3016     private static boolean initted = false;
3017     private static void checkInitted() {
3018         if (initted) return;
3019         AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
3020                 public Void run() {
3021                     // Tests to ensure the system properties table is fully
3022                     // initialized. This is needed because reflection code is
3023                     // called very early in the initialization process (before
3024                     // command-line arguments have been parsed and therefore
3025                     // these user-settable properties installed.) We assume that
3026                     // if System.out is non-null then the System class has been
3027                     // fully initialized and that the bulk of the startup code
3028                     // has been run.
3029 
3030                     if (System.out == null) {
3031                         // java.lang.System not yet fully initialized
3032                         return null;
3033                     }
3034 
3035                     // Doesn't use Boolean.getBoolean to avoid class init.
3036                     String val =
3037                         System.getProperty("sun.reflect.noCaches");
3038                     if (val != null && val.equals("true")) {
3039                         useCaches = false;
3040                     }
3041 
3042                     initted = true;
3043                     return null;
3044                 }
3045             });
3046     }
3047 
3048     /**
3049      * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this
3050      * Class object does not represent an enum type.
3051      *
3052      * @return an array containing the values comprising the enum class
3053      *     represented by this Class object in the order they're
3054      *     declared, or null if this Class object does not
3055      *     represent an enum type
3056      * @since 1.5
3057      */
3058     public T[] getEnumConstants() {
3059         T[] values = getEnumConstantsShared();
3060         return (values != null) ? values.clone() : null;
3061     }
3062 
3063     /**
3064      * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this
3065      * Class object does not represent an enum type;
3066      * identical to getEnumConstants except that the result is
3067      * uncloned, cached, and shared by all callers.
3068      */
3069     T[] getEnumConstantsShared() {
3070         if (enumConstants == null) {
3071             if (!isEnum()) return null;
3072             try {
3073                 final Method values = getMethod("values");
3074                 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
3075                     new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
3076                         public Void run() {
3077                                 values.setAccessible(true);
3078                                 return null;
3079                             }
3080                         });
3081                 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3082                 T[] temporaryConstants = (T[])values.invoke(null);
3083                 enumConstants = temporaryConstants;
3084             }
3085             // These can happen when users concoct enum-like classes
3086             // that don't comply with the enum spec.
3087             catch (InvocationTargetException | NoSuchMethodException |
3088                    IllegalAccessException ex) { return null; }
3089         }
3090         return enumConstants;
3091     }
3092     private volatile transient T[] enumConstants = null;
3093 
3094     /**
3095      * Returns a map from simple name to enum constant.  This package-private
3096      * method is used internally by Enum to implement
3097      * {@code public static <T extends Enum<T>> T valueOf(Class<T>, String)}
3098      * efficiently.  Note that the map is returned by this method is
3099      * created lazily on first use.  Typically it won't ever get created.
3100      */
3101     Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory() {
3102         if (enumConstantDirectory == null) {
3103             T[] universe = getEnumConstantsShared();
3104             if (universe == null)
3105                 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
3106                     getName() + " is not an enum type");
3107             Map<String, T> m = new HashMap<>(2 * universe.length);
3108             for (T constant : universe)
3109                 m.put(((Enum<?>)constant).name(), constant);
3110             enumConstantDirectory = m;
3111         }
3112         return enumConstantDirectory;
3113     }
3114     private volatile transient Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory = null;
3115 
3116     /**
3117      * Casts an object to the class or interface represented
3118      * by this {@code Class} object.
3119      *
3120      * @param obj the object to be cast
3121      * @return the object after casting, or null if obj is null
3122      *
3123      * @throws ClassCastException if the object is not
3124      * null and is not assignable to the type T.
3125      *
3126      * @since 1.5
3127      */
3128     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3129     public T cast(Object obj) {
3130         if (obj != null && !isInstance(obj))
3131             throw new ClassCastException(cannotCastMsg(obj));
3132         return (T) obj;
3133     }
3134 
3135     private String cannotCastMsg(Object obj) {
3136         return "Cannot cast " + obj.getClass().getName() + " to " + getName();
3137     }
3138 
3139     /**
3140      * Casts this {@code Class} object to represent a subclass of the class
3141      * represented by the specified class object.  Checks that the cast
3142      * is valid, and throws a {@code ClassCastException} if it is not.  If
3143      * this method succeeds, it always returns a reference to this class object.
3144      *
3145      * <p>This method is useful when a client needs to "narrow" the type of
3146      * a {@code Class} object to pass it to an API that restricts the
3147      * {@code Class} objects that it is willing to accept.  A cast would
3148      * generate a compile-time warning, as the correctness of the cast
3149      * could not be checked at runtime (because generic types are implemented
3150      * by erasure).
3151      *
3152      * @return this {@code Class} object, cast to represent a subclass of
3153      *    the specified class object.
3154      * @throws ClassCastException if this {@code Class} object does not
3155      *    represent a subclass of the specified class (here "subclass" includes
3156      *    the class itself).
3157      * @since 1.5
3158      */
3159     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3160     public <U> Class<? extends U> asSubclass(Class<U> clazz) {
3161         if (clazz.isAssignableFrom(this))
3162             return (Class<? extends U>) this;
3163         else
3164             throw new ClassCastException(this.toString());
3165     }
3166 
3167     /**
3168      * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3169      * @since 1.5
3170      */
3171     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3172     public <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3173         Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass);
3174 
3175         initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3176         return (A) annotations.get(annotationClass);
3177     }
3178 
3179     /**
3180      * {@inheritDoc}
3181      * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3182      * @since 1.5
3183      */
3184     @Override
3185     public boolean isAnnotationPresent(Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass) {
3186         return GenericDeclaration.super.isAnnotationPresent(annotationClass);
3187     }
3188 
3189     /**
3190      * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3191      * @since 1.8
3192      */
3193     @Override
3194     public <A extends Annotation> A[] getAnnotationsByType(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3195         Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass);
3196 
3197         initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3198         return AnnotationSupport.getMultipleAnnotations(annotations, annotationClass);
3199     }
3200 
3201     /**
3202      * @since 1.5
3203      */
3204     public Annotation[] getAnnotations() {
3205         initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3206         return AnnotationParser.toArray(annotations);
3207     }
3208 
3209     /**
3210      * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3211      * @since 1.8
3212      */
3213     @Override
3214     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3215     public <A extends Annotation> A getDeclaredAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3216         Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass);
3217 
3218         initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3219         return (A) declaredAnnotations.get(annotationClass);
3220     }
3221 
3222     /**
3223      * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3224      * @since 1.8
3225      */
3226     @Override
3227     public <A extends Annotation> A[] getDeclaredAnnotationsByType(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3228         Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass);
3229 
3230         initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3231         return AnnotationSupport.getMultipleAnnotations(declaredAnnotations, annotationClass);
3232     }
3233 
3234     /**
3235      * @since 1.5
3236      */
3237     public Annotation[] getDeclaredAnnotations()  {
3238         initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3239         return AnnotationParser.toArray(declaredAnnotations);
3240     }
3241 
3242     // Annotations cache
3243     private transient Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations;
3244     private transient Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declaredAnnotations;
3245     // Value of classRedefinedCount when we last cleared the cached annotations and declaredAnnotations fields
3246     private  transient int lastAnnotationsRedefinedCount = 0;
3247 
3248     // Clears cached values that might possibly have been obsoleted by
3249     // a class redefinition.
3250     private void clearAnnotationCachesOnClassRedefinition() {
3251         if (lastAnnotationsRedefinedCount != classRedefinedCount) {
3252             annotations = declaredAnnotations = null;
3253             lastAnnotationsRedefinedCount = classRedefinedCount;
3254         }
3255     }
3256 
3257     private synchronized void initAnnotationsIfNecessary() {
3258         clearAnnotationCachesOnClassRedefinition();
3259         if (annotations != null)
3260             return;
3261         declaredAnnotations = AnnotationParser.parseAnnotations(
3262             getRawAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this);
3263         Class<?> superClass = getSuperclass();
3264         if (superClass == null) {
3265             annotations = declaredAnnotations;
3266         } else {
3267             annotations = new HashMap<>();
3268             superClass.initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3269             for (Map.Entry<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> e : superClass.annotations.entrySet()) {
3270                 Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass = e.getKey();
3271                 if (AnnotationType.getInstance(annotationClass).isInherited())
3272                     annotations.put(annotationClass, e.getValue());
3273             }
3274             annotations.putAll(declaredAnnotations);
3275         }
3276     }
3277 
3278     // Annotation types cache their internal (AnnotationType) form
3279 
3280     private AnnotationType annotationType;
3281 
3282     void setAnnotationType(AnnotationType type) {
3283         annotationType = type;
3284     }
3285 
3286     AnnotationType getAnnotationType() {
3287         return annotationType;
3288     }
3289 
3290     /* Backing store of user-defined values pertaining to this class.
3291      * Maintained by the ClassValue class.
3292      */
3293     transient ClassValue.ClassValueMap classValueMap;
3294 
3295     /**
3296      * Returns an AnnotatedType object that represents the use of a type to specify
3297      * the superclass of the entity represented by this Class. (The <em>use</em> of type
3298      * Foo to specify the superclass in '... extends Foo' is distinct from the
3299      * <em>declaration</em> of type Foo.)
3300      *
3301      * If this Class represents a class type whose declaration does not explicitly
3302      * indicate an annotated superclass, the return value is null.
3303      *
3304      * If this Class represents either the Object class, an interface type, an
3305      * array type, a primitive type, or void, the return value is null.
3306      *
3307      * @since 1.8
3308      */
3309     public AnnotatedType getAnnotatedSuperclass() {
3310          return TypeAnnotationParser.buildAnnotatedSuperclass(getRawTypeAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this);
3311 }
3312 
3313     /**
3314      * Returns an array of AnnotatedType objects that represent the use of types to
3315      * specify superinterfaces of the entity represented by this Class. (The <em>use</em>
3316      * of type Foo to specify a superinterface in '... implements Foo' is
3317      * distinct from the <em>declaration</em> of type Foo.)
3318      *
3319      * If this Class represents a class, the return value is an array
3320      * containing objects representing the uses of interface types to specify
3321      * interfaces implemented by the class. The order of the objects in the
3322      * array corresponds to the order of the interface types used in the
3323      * 'implements' clause of the declaration of this Class.
3324      *
3325      * If this Class represents an interface, the return value is an array
3326      * containing objects representing the uses of interface types to specify
3327      * interfaces directly extended by the interface. The order of the objects in
3328      * the array corresponds to the order of the interface types used in the
3329      * 'extends' clause of the declaration of this Class.
3330      *
3331      * If this Class represents a class or interface whose declaration does not
3332      * explicitly indicate any annotated superinterfaces, the return value is an
3333      * array of length 0.
3334      *
3335      * If this Class represents either the Object class, an array type, a
3336      * primitive type, or void, the return value is an array of length 0.
3337      *
3338      * @since 1.8
3339      */
3340     public AnnotatedType[] getAnnotatedInterfaces() {
3341          return TypeAnnotationParser.buildAnnotatedInterfaces(getRawTypeAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this);
3342     }
3343 }