1 /*
  2  * Copyright (c) 2017, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
  4  *
  5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
  6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
  7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
  8  *
  9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 13  * accompanied this code).
 14  *
 15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 18  *
 19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 21  * questions.
 22  */
 23 
 24 #include "precompiled.hpp"
 25 #include "code/relocInfo.hpp"
 26 #include "code/nativeInst.hpp"
 27 #include "code/nmethod.hpp"
 28 #include "gc/z/zGlobals.hpp"
 29 #include "gc/z/zHash.inline.hpp"
 30 #include "gc/z/zNMethodTable.hpp"
 31 #include "logging/log.hpp"
 32 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
 33 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
 34 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
 35 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
 36 #include "utilities/debug.hpp"
 37 
 38 class ZNMethodWithImmediateOops {
 39 private:
 40   nmethod* const _nm;
 41   const size_t   _nimmediate_oops;
 42 
 43   static size_t header_size();
 44 
 45   ZNMethodWithImmediateOops(nmethod* nm, const GrowableArray<oop*>& immediate_oops);
 46 
 47 public:
 48   static ZNMethodWithImmediateOops* create(nmethod* nm, const GrowableArray<oop*>& immediate_oops);
 49   static void destroy(ZNMethodWithImmediateOops* nmi);
 50 
 51   nmethod* method() const;
 52   size_t immediate_oops_count() const;
 53   oop** immediate_oops_begin() const;
 54   oop** immediate_oops_begin_safe() const;
 55   oop** immediate_oops_end() const;
 56 };
 57 
 58 size_t ZNMethodWithImmediateOops::header_size() {
 59   const size_t size = sizeof(ZNMethodWithImmediateOops);
 60   assert(is_aligned(size, sizeof(oop*)), "Header misaligned");
 61   return size;
 62 }
 63 
 64 ZNMethodWithImmediateOops::ZNMethodWithImmediateOops(nmethod* nm, const GrowableArray<oop*>& immediate_oops) :
 65     _nm(nm),
 66     _nimmediate_oops(immediate_oops.length()) {
 67   // Save all immediate oops
 68   for (size_t i = 0; i < _nimmediate_oops; i++) {
 69     immediate_oops_begin()[i] = immediate_oops.at(i);
 70   }
 71 }
 72 
 73 ZNMethodWithImmediateOops* ZNMethodWithImmediateOops::create(nmethod* nm, const GrowableArray<oop*>& immediate_oops) {
 74   // Allocate memory for the ZNMethodWithImmediateOops object
 75   // plus the immediate oop* array that follows right after.
 76   const size_t size = header_size() + (sizeof(oop*) * immediate_oops.length());
 77   void* const method_with_immediate_oops = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(uint8_t, size, mtGC);
 78   return ::new (method_with_immediate_oops) ZNMethodWithImmediateOops(nm, immediate_oops);
 79 }
 80 
 81 void ZNMethodWithImmediateOops::destroy(ZNMethodWithImmediateOops* nmi) {
 82   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(uint8_t, nmi);
 83 }
 84 
 85 nmethod* ZNMethodWithImmediateOops::method() const {
 86   return _nm;
 87 }
 88 
 89 size_t ZNMethodWithImmediateOops::immediate_oops_count() const {
 90   return _nimmediate_oops;
 91 }
 92 
 93 oop** ZNMethodWithImmediateOops::immediate_oops_begin() const {
 94   // The immediate oop* array starts immediately after this object
 95   return (oop**)((uintptr_t)this + header_size());
 96 }
 97 
 98 oop** ZNMethodWithImmediateOops::immediate_oops_begin_safe() const {
 99   // Non-entrant nmethods have a jump instruction patched into the beginning
100   // of the verified entry point, which could have overwritten an immediate
101   // oop. If so, make sure we skip over that oop.
102   if (_nm->is_not_entrant()) {
103     oop* const first_immediate_oop = *immediate_oops_begin();
104     oop* const safe_begin = (oop*)(_nm->verified_entry_point() + NativeJump::instruction_size);
105     if (first_immediate_oop < safe_begin) {
106       // First immediate oop overwritten, skip it
107       return immediate_oops_begin() + 1;
108     }
109   }
110 
111   // First immediate oop not overwritten
112   return immediate_oops_begin();
113 }
114 
115 
116 oop** ZNMethodWithImmediateOops::immediate_oops_end() const {
117   return immediate_oops_begin() + immediate_oops_count();
118 }
119 
120 ZNMethodTableEntry* ZNMethodTable::_table = NULL;
121 size_t ZNMethodTable::_size = 0;
122 size_t ZNMethodTable::_nregistered = 0;
123 size_t ZNMethodTable::_nunregistered = 0;
124 volatile size_t ZNMethodTable::_claimed = 0;
125 
126 ZNMethodTableEntry ZNMethodTable::create_entry(nmethod* nm) {
127   GrowableArray<oop*> immediate_oops;
128   bool non_immediate_oops = false;
129 
130   // Find all oops relocations
131   RelocIterator iter(nm);
132   while (iter.next()) {
133     if (iter.type() != relocInfo::oop_type) {
134       // Not an oop
135       continue;
136     }
137 
138     oop_Relocation* r = iter.oop_reloc();
139 
140     if (!r->oop_is_immediate()) {
141       // Non-immediate oop found
142       non_immediate_oops = true;
143       continue;
144     }
145 
146     if (r->oop_value() != NULL) {
147       // Non-NULL immediate oop found. NULL oops can safely be
148       // ignored since the method will be re-registered if they
149       // are later patched to be non-NULL.
150       immediate_oops.push(r->oop_addr());
151     }
152   }
153 
154   // oops_count() returns the number of oops in the oop table plus one
155   if (immediate_oops.is_empty() && nm->oops_count() == 1) {
156     // No oops found, return empty entry
157     return ZNMethodTableEntry();
158   }
159 
160   if (immediate_oops.is_empty()) {
161     // No immediate oops found, return entry without immediate oops
162     return ZNMethodTableEntry(nm, non_immediate_oops);
163   }
164 
165   // Return entry with immediate oops
166   return ZNMethodTableEntry(ZNMethodWithImmediateOops::create(nm, immediate_oops), non_immediate_oops);
167 }
168 
169 void ZNMethodTable::destroy_entry(ZNMethodTableEntry entry) {
170   if (entry.immediate_oops()) {
171     ZNMethodWithImmediateOops::destroy(entry.method_with_immediate_oops());
172   }
173 }
174 
175 nmethod* ZNMethodTable::method(ZNMethodTableEntry entry) {
176   return entry.immediate_oops() ? entry.method_with_immediate_oops()->method() : entry.method();
177 }
178 
179 size_t ZNMethodTable::first_index(const nmethod* nm, size_t size) {
180   assert(is_power_of_2(size), "Invalid size");
181   const size_t mask = size - 1;
182   const size_t hash = ZHash::address_to_uint32((uintptr_t)nm);
183   return hash & mask;
184 }
185 
186 size_t ZNMethodTable::next_index(size_t prev_index, size_t size) {
187   assert(is_power_of_2(size), "Invalid size");
188   const size_t mask = size - 1;
189   return (prev_index + 1) & mask;
190 }
191 
192 bool ZNMethodTable::register_entry(ZNMethodTableEntry* table, size_t size, ZNMethodTableEntry entry) {
193   const nmethod* const nm = method(entry);
194   size_t index = first_index(nm, size);
195 
196   for (;;) {
197     const ZNMethodTableEntry table_entry = table[index];
198 
199     if (!table_entry.registered() && !table_entry.unregistered()) {
200       // Insert new entry
201       table[index] = entry;
202       return true;
203     }
204 
205     if (table_entry.registered() && method(table_entry) == nm) {
206       // Replace existing entry
207       destroy_entry(table_entry);
208       table[index] = entry;
209       return false;
210     }
211 
212     index = next_index(index, size);
213   }
214 }
215 
216 bool ZNMethodTable::unregister_entry(ZNMethodTableEntry* table, size_t size, const nmethod* nm) {
217   if (size == 0) {
218     // Table is empty
219     return false;
220   }
221 
222   size_t index = first_index(nm, size);
223 
224   for (;;) {
225     const ZNMethodTableEntry table_entry = table[index];
226 
227     if (!table_entry.registered() && !table_entry.unregistered()) {
228       // Entry not found
229       return false;
230     }
231 
232     if (table_entry.registered() && method(table_entry) == nm) {
233       // Remove entry
234       destroy_entry(table_entry);
235       table[index] = ZNMethodTableEntry(true /* unregistered */);
236       return true;
237     }
238 
239     index = next_index(index, size);
240   }
241 }
242 
243 void ZNMethodTable::rebuild(size_t new_size) {
244   assert(is_power_of_2(new_size), "Invalid size");
245 
246   log_debug(gc, nmethod)("Rebuilding NMethod Table: "
247                          SIZE_FORMAT "->" SIZE_FORMAT " entries, "
248                          SIZE_FORMAT "(%.0lf%%->%.0lf%%) registered, "
249                          SIZE_FORMAT "(%.0lf%%->%.0lf%%) unregistered",
250                          _size, new_size,
251                          _nregistered, percent_of(_nregistered, _size), percent_of(_nregistered, new_size),
252                          _nunregistered, percent_of(_nunregistered, _size), 0.0);
253 
254   // Allocate new table
255   ZNMethodTableEntry* const new_table = new ZNMethodTableEntry[new_size];
256 
257   // Transfer all registered entries
258   for (size_t i = 0; i < _size; i++) {
259     const ZNMethodTableEntry entry = _table[i];
260     if (entry.registered()) {
261       register_entry(new_table, new_size, entry);
262     }
263   }
264 
265   // Delete old table
266   delete [] _table;
267 
268   // Install new table
269   _table = new_table;
270   _size = new_size;
271   _nunregistered = 0;
272 }
273 
274 void ZNMethodTable::rebuild_if_needed() {
275   // The hash table uses linear probing. To avoid wasting memory while
276   // at the same time maintaining good hash collision behavior we want
277   // to keep the table occupancy between 30% and 70%. The table always
278   // grows/shrinks by doubling/halving its size. Pruning of unregistered
279   // entries is done by rebuilding the table with or without resizing it.
280   const size_t min_size = 1024;
281   const size_t shrink_threshold = _size * 0.30;
282   const size_t prune_threshold = _size * 0.65;
283   const size_t grow_threshold = _size * 0.70;
284 
285   if (_size == 0) {
286     // Initialize table
287     rebuild(min_size);
288   } else if (_nregistered < shrink_threshold && _size > min_size) {
289     // Shrink table
290     rebuild(_size / 2);
291   } else if (_nregistered + _nunregistered > grow_threshold) {
292     // Prune or grow table
293     if (_nregistered < prune_threshold) {
294       // Prune table
295       rebuild(_size);
296     } else {
297       // Grow table
298       rebuild(_size * 2);
299     }
300   }
301 }
302 
303 void ZNMethodTable::log_register(const nmethod* nm, ZNMethodTableEntry entry) {
304   LogTarget(Trace, gc, nmethod) log;
305   if (!log.is_enabled()) {
306     return;
307   }
308 
309   log.print("Register NMethod: %s.%s (" PTR_FORMAT "), "
310             "Compiler: %s, Oops: %d, ImmediateOops: " SIZE_FORMAT ", NonImmediateOops: %s",
311             nm->method()->method_holder()->external_name(),
312             nm->method()->name()->as_C_string(),
313             p2i(nm),
314             nm->compiler_name(),
315             nm->oops_count() - 1,
316             entry.immediate_oops() ? entry.method_with_immediate_oops()->immediate_oops_count() : 0,
317             BOOL_TO_STR(entry.non_immediate_oops()));
318 
319   LogTarget(Trace, gc, nmethod, oops) log_oops;
320   if (!log_oops.is_enabled()) {
321     return;
322   }
323 
324   // Print nmethod oops table
325   oop* const begin = nm->oops_begin();
326   oop* const end = nm->oops_end();
327   for (oop* p = begin; p < end; p++) {
328     log_oops.print("           Oop[" SIZE_FORMAT "] " PTR_FORMAT " (%s)",
329                    (p - begin), p2i(*p), (*p)->klass()->external_name());
330   }
331 
332   if (entry.immediate_oops()) {
333     // Print nmethod immediate oops
334     const ZNMethodWithImmediateOops* const nmi = entry.method_with_immediate_oops();
335     oop** const begin = nmi->immediate_oops_begin();
336     oop** const end = nmi->immediate_oops_end();
337     for (oop** p = begin; p < end; p++) {
338       log_oops.print("  ImmediateOop[" SIZE_FORMAT "] " PTR_FORMAT " @ " PTR_FORMAT " (%s)",
339                      (p - begin), p2i(**p), p2i(*p), (**p)->klass()->external_name());
340     }
341   }
342 }
343 
344 void ZNMethodTable::log_unregister(const nmethod* nm) {
345   LogTarget(Debug, gc, nmethod) log;
346   if (!log.is_enabled()) {
347     return;
348   }
349 
350   log.print("Unregister NMethod: %s.%s (" PTR_FORMAT ")",
351             nm->method()->method_holder()->external_name(),
352             nm->method()->name()->as_C_string(),
353             p2i(nm));
354 }
355 
356 size_t ZNMethodTable::registered_nmethods() {
357   return _nregistered;
358 }
359 
360 size_t ZNMethodTable::unregistered_nmethods() {
361   return _nunregistered;
362 }
363 
364 void ZNMethodTable::register_nmethod(nmethod* nm) {
365   ResourceMark rm;
366 
367   // Create entry
368   const ZNMethodTableEntry entry = create_entry(nm);
369 
370   log_register(nm, entry);
371 
372   if (!entry.registered()) {
373     // Method doesn't have any oops, ignore it
374     return;
375   }
376 
377   // Grow/Shrink/Prune table if needed
378   rebuild_if_needed();
379 
380   // Insert new entry
381   if (register_entry(_table, _size, entry)) {
382     // New entry registered. When register_entry() instead returns
383     // false the nmethod was already in the table so we do not want
384     // to increase number of registered entries in that case.
385     _nregistered++;
386   }
387 }
388 
389 void ZNMethodTable::unregister_nmethod(nmethod* nm) {
390   ResourceMark rm;
391 
392   log_unregister(nm);
393 
394   // Remove entry
395   if (unregister_entry(_table, _size, nm)) {
396     // Entry was unregistered. When unregister_entry() instead returns
397     // false the nmethod was not in the table (because it didn't have
398     // any oops) so we do not want to decrease the number of registered
399     // entries in that case.
400     _nregistered--;
401     _nunregistered++;
402   }
403 }
404 
405 void ZNMethodTable::gc_prologue() {
406   _claimed = 0;
407 }
408 
409 void ZNMethodTable::gc_epilogue() {
410   assert(_claimed >= _size, "Failed to claim all table entries");
411 }
412 
413 void ZNMethodTable::entry_oops_do(ZNMethodTableEntry entry, OopClosure* cl) {
414   nmethod* const nm = method(entry);
415   if (!nm->is_alive()) {
416     // No need to visit oops
417     return;
418   }
419 
420   // Process oops table
421   oop* const begin = nm->oops_begin();
422   oop* const end = nm->oops_end();
423   for (oop* p = begin; p < end; p++) {
424     if (*p != Universe::non_oop_word()) {
425       cl->do_oop(p);
426     }
427   }
428 
429   if (entry.immediate_oops()) {
430     // Process immediate oops
431     const ZNMethodWithImmediateOops* const nmi = entry.method_with_immediate_oops();
432     oop** const begin = nmi->immediate_oops_begin_safe();
433     oop** const end = nmi->immediate_oops_end();
434     for (oop** p = begin; p < end; p++) {
435       cl->do_oop(*p);
436     }
437   }
438 
439   if (entry.non_immediate_oops()) {
440     // Process non-immediate oops
441     nm->fix_oop_relocations();
442   }
443 }
444 
445 void ZNMethodTable::oops_do(OopClosure* cl) {
446   for (;;) {
447     // Claim table partition. Each partition is currently sized to span
448     // two cache lines. This number is just a guess, but seems to work well.
449     const size_t partition_size = (ZCacheLineSize * 2) / sizeof(ZNMethodTableEntry);
450     const size_t partition_start = MIN2(Atomic::add(partition_size, &_claimed) - partition_size, _size);
451     const size_t partition_end = MIN2(partition_start + partition_size, _size);
452     if (partition_start == partition_end) {
453       // End of table
454       break;
455     }
456 
457     // Process table partition
458     for (size_t i = partition_start; i < partition_end; i++) {
459       const ZNMethodTableEntry entry = _table[i];
460       if (entry.registered()) {
461         entry_oops_do(entry, cl);
462       }
463     }
464   }
465 }