1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1998, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/classFileStream.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/stackMapTable.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/stackMapFrame.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/stackMapTableFormat.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/verifier.hpp"
  33 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  34 #include "interpreter/bytecodes.hpp"
  35 #include "interpreter/bytecodeStream.hpp"
  36 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  37 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  38 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  39 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  40 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  41 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  42 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.hpp"
  43 #include "prims/jvm.h"
  44 #include "runtime/fieldDescriptor.hpp"
  45 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  48 #include "runtime/orderAccess.inline.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/thread.hpp"
  51 #include "services/threadService.hpp"
  52 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
  53 #include "utilities/bytes.hpp"
  54 
  55 #define NOFAILOVER_MAJOR_VERSION                       51
  56 #define NONZERO_PADDING_BYTES_IN_SWITCH_MAJOR_VERSION  51
  57 #define STATIC_METHOD_IN_INTERFACE_MAJOR_VERSION       52
  58 #define MAX_ARRAY_DIMENSIONS 255
  59 
  60 // Access to external entry for VerifyClassCodes - old byte code verifier
  61 
  62 extern "C" {
  63   typedef jboolean (*verify_byte_codes_fn_t)(JNIEnv *, jclass, char *, jint);
  64   typedef jboolean (*verify_byte_codes_fn_new_t)(JNIEnv *, jclass, char *, jint, jint);
  65 }
  66 
  67 static void* volatile _verify_byte_codes_fn = NULL;
  68 
  69 static volatile jint _is_new_verify_byte_codes_fn = (jint) true;
  70 
  71 static void* verify_byte_codes_fn() {
  72   if (OrderAccess::load_ptr_acquire(&_verify_byte_codes_fn) == NULL) {
  73     void *lib_handle = os::native_java_library();
  74     void *func = os::dll_lookup(lib_handle, "VerifyClassCodesForMajorVersion");
  75     OrderAccess::release_store_ptr(&_verify_byte_codes_fn, func);
  76     if (func == NULL) {
  77       _is_new_verify_byte_codes_fn = false;
  78       func = os::dll_lookup(lib_handle, "VerifyClassCodes");
  79       OrderAccess::release_store_ptr(&_verify_byte_codes_fn, func);
  80     }
  81   }
  82   return (void*)_verify_byte_codes_fn;
  83 }
  84 
  85 
  86 // Methods in Verifier
  87 
  88 bool Verifier::should_verify_for(oop class_loader, bool should_verify_class) {
  89   return (class_loader == NULL || !should_verify_class) ?
  90     BytecodeVerificationLocal : BytecodeVerificationRemote;
  91 }
  92 
  93 bool Verifier::relax_access_for(oop loader) {
  94   bool trusted = java_lang_ClassLoader::is_trusted_loader(loader);
  95   bool need_verify =
  96     // verifyAll
  97     (BytecodeVerificationLocal && BytecodeVerificationRemote) ||
  98     // verifyRemote
  99     (!BytecodeVerificationLocal && BytecodeVerificationRemote && !trusted);
 100   return !need_verify;
 101 }
 102 
 103 void Verifier::trace_class_resolution(Klass* resolve_class, InstanceKlass* verify_class) {
 104   assert(verify_class != NULL, "Unexpected null verify_class");
 105   ResourceMark rm;
 106   Symbol* s = verify_class->source_file_name();
 107   const char* source_file = (s != NULL ? s->as_C_string() : NULL);
 108   const char* verify = verify_class->external_name();
 109   const char* resolve = resolve_class->external_name();
 110   // print in a single call to reduce interleaving between threads
 111   if (source_file != NULL) {
 112     log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s %s (verification)", verify, resolve, source_file);
 113   } else {
 114     log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s (verification)", verify, resolve);
 115   }
 116 }
 117 
 118 // Prints the end-verification message to the appropriate output.
 119 void Verifier::log_end_verification(outputStream* st, const char* klassName, Symbol* exception_name, TRAPS) {
 120   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 121     st->print("Verification for %s has", klassName);
 122     st->print_cr(" exception pending %s ",
 123                  PENDING_EXCEPTION->klass()->external_name());
 124   } else if (exception_name != NULL) {
 125     st->print_cr("Verification for %s failed", klassName);
 126   }
 127   st->print_cr("End class verification for: %s", klassName);
 128 }
 129 
 130 bool Verifier::verify(InstanceKlass* klass, Verifier::Mode mode, bool should_verify_class, TRAPS) {
 131   HandleMark hm(THREAD);
 132   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 133 
 134   // Eagerly allocate the identity hash code for a klass. This is a fallout
 135   // from 6320749 and 8059924: hash code generator is not supposed to be called
 136   // during the safepoint, but it allows to sneak the hashcode in during
 137   // verification. Without this eager hashcode generation, we may end up
 138   // installing the hashcode during some other operation, which may be at
 139   // safepoint -- blowing up the checks. It was previously done as the side
 140   // effect (sic!) for external_name(), but instead of doing that, we opt to
 141   // explicitly push the hashcode in here. This is signify the following block
 142   // is IMPORTANT:
 143   if (klass->java_mirror() != NULL) {
 144     klass->java_mirror()->identity_hash();
 145   }
 146 
 147   if (!is_eligible_for_verification(klass, should_verify_class)) {
 148     return true;
 149   }
 150 
 151   // Timer includes any side effects of class verification (resolution,
 152   // etc), but not recursive calls to Verifier::verify().
 153   JavaThread* jt = (JavaThread*)THREAD;
 154   PerfClassTraceTime timer(ClassLoader::perf_class_verify_time(),
 155                            ClassLoader::perf_class_verify_selftime(),
 156                            ClassLoader::perf_classes_verified(),
 157                            jt->get_thread_stat()->perf_recursion_counts_addr(),
 158                            jt->get_thread_stat()->perf_timers_addr(),
 159                            PerfClassTraceTime::CLASS_VERIFY);
 160 
 161   // If the class should be verified, first see if we can use the split
 162   // verifier.  If not, or if verification fails and FailOverToOldVerifier
 163   // is set, then call the inference verifier.
 164 
 165   Symbol* exception_name = NULL;
 166   const size_t message_buffer_len = klass->name()->utf8_length() + 1024;
 167   char* message_buffer = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, message_buffer_len);
 168   char* exception_message = message_buffer;
 169 
 170   const char* klassName = klass->external_name();
 171   bool can_failover = FailOverToOldVerifier &&
 172      klass->major_version() < NOFAILOVER_MAJOR_VERSION;
 173 
 174   log_info(class, init)("Start class verification for: %s", klassName);
 175   if (klass->major_version() >= STACKMAP_ATTRIBUTE_MAJOR_VERSION) {
 176     ClassVerifier split_verifier(klass, THREAD);
 177     split_verifier.verify_class(THREAD);
 178     exception_name = split_verifier.result();
 179     if (can_failover && !HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION &&
 180         (exception_name == vmSymbols::java_lang_VerifyError() ||
 181          exception_name == vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError())) {
 182       log_info(verification)("Fail over class verification to old verifier for: %s", klassName);
 183       log_info(class, init)("Fail over class verification to old verifier for: %s", klassName);
 184       exception_name = inference_verify(
 185         klass, message_buffer, message_buffer_len, THREAD);
 186     }
 187     if (exception_name != NULL) {
 188       exception_message = split_verifier.exception_message();
 189     }
 190   } else {
 191     exception_name = inference_verify(
 192         klass, message_buffer, message_buffer_len, THREAD);
 193   }
 194 
 195   LogTarget(Info, class, init) lt1;
 196   if (lt1.is_enabled()) {
 197     LogStream ls(lt1);
 198     log_end_verification(&ls, klassName, exception_name, THREAD);
 199   }
 200   LogTarget(Info, verification) lt2;
 201   if (lt2.is_enabled()) {
 202     LogStream ls(lt2);
 203     log_end_verification(&ls, klassName, exception_name, THREAD);
 204   }
 205 
 206   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 207     return false; // use the existing exception
 208   } else if (exception_name == NULL) {
 209     return true; // verifcation succeeded
 210   } else { // VerifyError or ClassFormatError to be created and thrown
 211     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 212     Klass* kls =
 213       SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(exception_name, true, CHECK_false);
 214     if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)) {
 215       Verifier::trace_class_resolution(kls, klass);
 216     }
 217 
 218     while (kls != NULL) {
 219       if (kls == klass) {
 220         // If the class being verified is the exception we're creating
 221         // or one of it's superclasses, we're in trouble and are going
 222         // to infinitely recurse when we try to initialize the exception.
 223         // So bail out here by throwing the preallocated VM error.
 224         THROW_OOP_(Universe::virtual_machine_error_instance(), false);
 225       }
 226       kls = kls->super();
 227     }
 228     message_buffer[message_buffer_len - 1] = '\0'; // just to be sure
 229     THROW_MSG_(exception_name, exception_message, false);
 230   }
 231 }
 232 
 233 bool Verifier::is_eligible_for_verification(InstanceKlass* klass, bool should_verify_class) {
 234   Symbol* name = klass->name();
 235   Klass* refl_magic_klass = SystemDictionary::reflect_MagicAccessorImpl_klass();
 236 
 237   bool is_reflect = refl_magic_klass != NULL && klass->is_subtype_of(refl_magic_klass);
 238 
 239   return (should_verify_for(klass->class_loader(), should_verify_class) &&
 240     // return if the class is a bootstrapping class
 241     // or defineClass specified not to verify by default (flags override passed arg)
 242     // We need to skip the following few for bootstrapping
 243     name != vmSymbols::java_lang_Object() &&
 244     name != vmSymbols::java_lang____Value() &&
 245     name != vmSymbols::java_lang_Class() &&
 246     name != vmSymbols::java_lang_String() &&
 247     name != vmSymbols::java_lang_Throwable() &&
 248 
 249     // Can not verify the bytecodes for shared classes because they have
 250     // already been rewritten to contain constant pool cache indices,
 251     // which the verifier can't understand.
 252     // Shared classes shouldn't have stackmaps either.
 253     !klass->is_shared() &&
 254 
 255     // A MVT derived value type contains no code atrribute - no private static
 256     // methods, no instance methods, no <clinit>, no <init>.  So while format
 257     // checking is performed on it, verification is not.
 258     (!((EnableMVT || EnableValhalla) && klass->access_flags().is_value_type())) &&
 259 
 260     // As of the fix for 4486457 we disable verification for all of the
 261     // dynamically-generated bytecodes associated with the 1.4
 262     // reflection implementation, not just those associated with
 263     // jdk/internal/reflect/SerializationConstructorAccessor.
 264     // NOTE: this is called too early in the bootstrapping process to be
 265     // guarded by Universe::is_gte_jdk14x_version().
 266     // Also for lambda generated code, gte jdk8
 267     (!is_reflect));
 268 }
 269 
 270 Symbol* Verifier::inference_verify(
 271     InstanceKlass* klass, char* message, size_t message_len, TRAPS) {
 272   JavaThread* thread = (JavaThread*)THREAD;
 273   JNIEnv *env = thread->jni_environment();
 274 
 275   void* verify_func = verify_byte_codes_fn();
 276 
 277   if (verify_func == NULL) {
 278     jio_snprintf(message, message_len, "Could not link verifier");
 279     return vmSymbols::java_lang_VerifyError();
 280   }
 281 
 282   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 283   log_info(verification)("Verifying class %s with old format", klass->external_name());
 284 
 285   jclass cls = (jclass) JNIHandles::make_local(env, klass->java_mirror());
 286   jint result;
 287 
 288   {
 289     HandleMark hm(thread);
 290     ThreadToNativeFromVM ttn(thread);
 291     // ThreadToNativeFromVM takes care of changing thread_state, so safepoint
 292     // code knows that we have left the VM
 293 
 294     if (_is_new_verify_byte_codes_fn) {
 295       verify_byte_codes_fn_new_t func =
 296         CAST_TO_FN_PTR(verify_byte_codes_fn_new_t, verify_func);
 297       result = (*func)(env, cls, message, (int)message_len,
 298           klass->major_version());
 299     } else {
 300       verify_byte_codes_fn_t func =
 301         CAST_TO_FN_PTR(verify_byte_codes_fn_t, verify_func);
 302       result = (*func)(env, cls, message, (int)message_len);
 303     }
 304   }
 305 
 306   JNIHandles::destroy_local(cls);
 307 
 308   // These numbers are chosen so that VerifyClassCodes interface doesn't need
 309   // to be changed (still return jboolean (unsigned char)), and result is
 310   // 1 when verification is passed.
 311   if (result == 0) {
 312     return vmSymbols::java_lang_VerifyError();
 313   } else if (result == 1) {
 314     return NULL; // verified.
 315   } else if (result == 2) {
 316     THROW_MSG_(vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError(), message, NULL);
 317   } else if (result == 3) {
 318     return vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError();
 319   } else {
 320     ShouldNotReachHere();
 321     return NULL;
 322   }
 323 }
 324 
 325 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::null() {
 326   return TypeOrigin();
 327 }
 328 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::local(u2 index, StackMapFrame* frame) {
 329   assert(frame != NULL, "Must have a frame");
 330   return TypeOrigin(CF_LOCALS, index, StackMapFrame::copy(frame),
 331      frame->local_at(index));
 332 }
 333 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::stack(u2 index, StackMapFrame* frame) {
 334   assert(frame != NULL, "Must have a frame");
 335   return TypeOrigin(CF_STACK, index, StackMapFrame::copy(frame),
 336       frame->stack_at(index));
 337 }
 338 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::sm_local(u2 index, StackMapFrame* frame) {
 339   assert(frame != NULL, "Must have a frame");
 340   return TypeOrigin(SM_LOCALS, index, StackMapFrame::copy(frame),
 341       frame->local_at(index));
 342 }
 343 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::sm_stack(u2 index, StackMapFrame* frame) {
 344   assert(frame != NULL, "Must have a frame");
 345   return TypeOrigin(SM_STACK, index, StackMapFrame::copy(frame),
 346       frame->stack_at(index));
 347 }
 348 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::bad_index(u2 index) {
 349   return TypeOrigin(BAD_INDEX, index, NULL, VerificationType::bogus_type());
 350 }
 351 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::cp(u2 index, VerificationType vt) {
 352   return TypeOrigin(CONST_POOL, index, NULL, vt);
 353 }
 354 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::signature(VerificationType vt) {
 355   return TypeOrigin(SIG, 0, NULL, vt);
 356 }
 357 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::implicit(VerificationType t) {
 358   return TypeOrigin(IMPLICIT, 0, NULL, t);
 359 }
 360 TypeOrigin TypeOrigin::frame(StackMapFrame* frame) {
 361   return TypeOrigin(FRAME_ONLY, 0, StackMapFrame::copy(frame),
 362                     VerificationType::bogus_type());
 363 }
 364 
 365 void TypeOrigin::reset_frame() {
 366   if (_frame != NULL) {
 367     _frame->restore();
 368   }
 369 }
 370 
 371 void TypeOrigin::details(outputStream* ss) const {
 372   _type.print_on(ss);
 373   switch (_origin) {
 374     case CF_LOCALS:
 375       ss->print(" (current frame, locals[%d])", _index);
 376       break;
 377     case CF_STACK:
 378       ss->print(" (current frame, stack[%d])", _index);
 379       break;
 380     case SM_LOCALS:
 381       ss->print(" (stack map, locals[%d])", _index);
 382       break;
 383     case SM_STACK:
 384       ss->print(" (stack map, stack[%d])", _index);
 385       break;
 386     case CONST_POOL:
 387       ss->print(" (constant pool %d)", _index);
 388       break;
 389     case SIG:
 390       ss->print(" (from method signature)");
 391       break;
 392     case IMPLICIT:
 393     case FRAME_ONLY:
 394     case NONE:
 395     default:
 396       ;
 397   }
 398 }
 399 
 400 #ifdef ASSERT
 401 void TypeOrigin::print_on(outputStream* str) const {
 402   str->print("{%d,%d,%p:", _origin, _index, _frame);
 403   if (_frame != NULL) {
 404     _frame->print_on(str);
 405   } else {
 406     str->print("null");
 407   }
 408   str->print(",");
 409   _type.print_on(str);
 410   str->print("}");
 411 }
 412 #endif
 413 
 414 void ErrorContext::details(outputStream* ss, const Method* method) const {
 415   if (is_valid()) {
 416     ss->cr();
 417     ss->print_cr("Exception Details:");
 418     location_details(ss, method);
 419     reason_details(ss);
 420     frame_details(ss);
 421     bytecode_details(ss, method);
 422     handler_details(ss, method);
 423     stackmap_details(ss, method);
 424   }
 425 }
 426 
 427 void ErrorContext::reason_details(outputStream* ss) const {
 428   streamIndentor si(ss);
 429   ss->indent().print_cr("Reason:");
 430   streamIndentor si2(ss);
 431   ss->indent().print("%s", "");
 432   switch (_fault) {
 433     case INVALID_BYTECODE:
 434       ss->print("Error exists in the bytecode");
 435       break;
 436     case WRONG_TYPE:
 437       if (_expected.is_valid()) {
 438         ss->print("Type ");
 439         _type.details(ss);
 440         ss->print(" is not assignable to ");
 441         _expected.details(ss);
 442       } else {
 443         ss->print("Invalid type: ");
 444         _type.details(ss);
 445       }
 446       break;
 447     case FLAGS_MISMATCH:
 448       if (_expected.is_valid()) {
 449         ss->print("Current frame's flags are not assignable "
 450                   "to stack map frame's.");
 451       } else {
 452         ss->print("Current frame's flags are invalid in this context.");
 453       }
 454       break;
 455     case BAD_CP_INDEX:
 456       ss->print("Constant pool index %d is invalid", _type.index());
 457       break;
 458     case BAD_LOCAL_INDEX:
 459       ss->print("Local index %d is invalid", _type.index());
 460       break;
 461     case LOCALS_SIZE_MISMATCH:
 462       ss->print("Current frame's local size doesn't match stackmap.");
 463       break;
 464     case STACK_SIZE_MISMATCH:
 465       ss->print("Current frame's stack size doesn't match stackmap.");
 466       break;
 467     case STACK_OVERFLOW:
 468       ss->print("Exceeded max stack size.");
 469       break;
 470     case STACK_UNDERFLOW:
 471       ss->print("Attempt to pop empty stack.");
 472       break;
 473     case MISSING_STACKMAP:
 474       ss->print("Expected stackmap frame at this location.");
 475       break;
 476     case BAD_STACKMAP:
 477       ss->print("Invalid stackmap specification.");
 478       break;
 479     case UNKNOWN:
 480     default:
 481       ShouldNotReachHere();
 482       ss->print_cr("Unknown");
 483   }
 484   ss->cr();
 485 }
 486 
 487 void ErrorContext::location_details(outputStream* ss, const Method* method) const {
 488   if (_bci != -1 && method != NULL) {
 489     streamIndentor si(ss);
 490     const char* bytecode_name = "<invalid>";
 491     if (method->validate_bci(_bci) != -1) {
 492       Bytecodes::Code code = Bytecodes::code_or_bp_at(method->bcp_from(_bci));
 493       if (Bytecodes::is_defined(code)) {
 494           bytecode_name = Bytecodes::name(code);
 495       } else {
 496           bytecode_name = "<illegal>";
 497       }
 498     }
 499     InstanceKlass* ik = method->method_holder();
 500     ss->indent().print_cr("Location:");
 501     streamIndentor si2(ss);
 502     ss->indent().print_cr("%s.%s%s @%d: %s",
 503         ik->name()->as_C_string(), method->name()->as_C_string(),
 504         method->signature()->as_C_string(), _bci, bytecode_name);
 505   }
 506 }
 507 
 508 void ErrorContext::frame_details(outputStream* ss) const {
 509   streamIndentor si(ss);
 510   if (_type.is_valid() && _type.frame() != NULL) {
 511     ss->indent().print_cr("Current Frame:");
 512     streamIndentor si2(ss);
 513     _type.frame()->print_on(ss);
 514   }
 515   if (_expected.is_valid() && _expected.frame() != NULL) {
 516     ss->indent().print_cr("Stackmap Frame:");
 517     streamIndentor si2(ss);
 518     _expected.frame()->print_on(ss);
 519   }
 520 }
 521 
 522 void ErrorContext::bytecode_details(outputStream* ss, const Method* method) const {
 523   if (method != NULL) {
 524     streamIndentor si(ss);
 525     ss->indent().print_cr("Bytecode:");
 526     streamIndentor si2(ss);
 527     ss->print_data(method->code_base(), method->code_size(), false);
 528   }
 529 }
 530 
 531 void ErrorContext::handler_details(outputStream* ss, const Method* method) const {
 532   if (method != NULL) {
 533     streamIndentor si(ss);
 534     ExceptionTable table(method);
 535     if (table.length() > 0) {
 536       ss->indent().print_cr("Exception Handler Table:");
 537       streamIndentor si2(ss);
 538       for (int i = 0; i < table.length(); ++i) {
 539         ss->indent().print_cr("bci [%d, %d] => handler: %d", table.start_pc(i),
 540             table.end_pc(i), table.handler_pc(i));
 541       }
 542     }
 543   }
 544 }
 545 
 546 void ErrorContext::stackmap_details(outputStream* ss, const Method* method) const {
 547   if (method != NULL && method->has_stackmap_table()) {
 548     streamIndentor si(ss);
 549     ss->indent().print_cr("Stackmap Table:");
 550     Array<u1>* data = method->stackmap_data();
 551     stack_map_table* sm_table =
 552         stack_map_table::at((address)data->adr_at(0));
 553     stack_map_frame* sm_frame = sm_table->entries();
 554     streamIndentor si2(ss);
 555     int current_offset = -1;
 556     address end_of_sm_table = (address)sm_table + method->stackmap_data()->length();
 557     for (u2 i = 0; i < sm_table->number_of_entries(); ++i) {
 558       ss->indent();
 559       if (!sm_frame->verify((address)sm_frame, end_of_sm_table)) {
 560         sm_frame->print_truncated(ss, current_offset);
 561         return;
 562       }
 563       sm_frame->print_on(ss, current_offset);
 564       ss->cr();
 565       current_offset += sm_frame->offset_delta();
 566       sm_frame = sm_frame->next();
 567     }
 568   }
 569 }
 570 
 571 // Methods in ClassVerifier
 572 
 573 ClassVerifier::ClassVerifier(
 574     InstanceKlass* klass, TRAPS)
 575     : _thread(THREAD), _exception_type(NULL), _message(NULL), _klass(klass) {
 576   _this_type = VerificationType::reference_type(klass->name());
 577   // Create list to hold symbols in reference area.
 578   _symbols = new GrowableArray<Symbol*>(100, 0, NULL);
 579 }
 580 
 581 ClassVerifier::~ClassVerifier() {
 582   // Decrement the reference count for any symbols created.
 583   for (int i = 0; i < _symbols->length(); i++) {
 584     Symbol* s = _symbols->at(i);
 585     s->decrement_refcount();
 586   }
 587 }
 588 
 589 VerificationType ClassVerifier::object_type() const {
 590   return VerificationType::reference_type(vmSymbols::java_lang_Object());
 591 }
 592 
 593 VerificationType ClassVerifier::__value_type() const {
 594   return VerificationType::valuetype_type(vmSymbols::java_lang____Value());
 595 }
 596 
 597 TypeOrigin ClassVerifier::ref_ctx(const char* sig, TRAPS) {
 598   VerificationType vt = VerificationType::reference_type(
 599       create_temporary_symbol(sig, (int)strlen(sig), THREAD));
 600   return TypeOrigin::implicit(vt);
 601 }
 602 
 603 TypeOrigin ClassVerifier::valuetype_ctx(const char* sig, TRAPS) {
 604   VerificationType vt = VerificationType::valuetype_type(
 605       create_temporary_symbol(sig, (int)strlen(sig), THREAD));
 606   return TypeOrigin::implicit(vt);
 607 }
 608 
 609 void ClassVerifier::verify_class(TRAPS) {
 610   log_info(verification)("Verifying class %s with new format", _klass->external_name());
 611 
 612   Array<Method*>* methods = _klass->methods();
 613   int num_methods = methods->length();
 614 
 615   for (int index = 0; index < num_methods; index++) {
 616     // Check for recursive re-verification before each method.
 617     if (was_recursively_verified())  return;
 618 
 619     Method* m = methods->at(index);
 620     if (m->is_native() || m->is_abstract() || m->is_overpass()) {
 621       // If m is native or abstract, skip it.  It is checked in class file
 622       // parser that methods do not override a final method.  Overpass methods
 623       // are trusted since the VM generates them.
 624       continue;
 625     }
 626     verify_method(methodHandle(THREAD, m), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 627   }
 628 
 629   if (was_recursively_verified()){
 630     log_info(verification)("Recursive verification detected for: %s", _klass->external_name());
 631     log_info(class, init)("Recursive verification detected for: %s",
 632                         _klass->external_name());
 633   }
 634 }
 635 
 636 void ClassVerifier::verify_method(const methodHandle& m, TRAPS) {
 637   HandleMark hm(THREAD);
 638   _method = m;   // initialize _method
 639   log_info(verification)("Verifying method %s", m->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
 640 
 641 // For clang, the only good constant format string is a literal constant format string.
 642 #define bad_type_msg "Bad type on operand stack in %s"
 643 
 644   int32_t max_stack = m->verifier_max_stack();
 645   int32_t max_locals = m->max_locals();
 646   constantPoolHandle cp(THREAD, m->constants());
 647 
 648   if (!SignatureVerifier::is_valid_method_signature(m->signature())) {
 649     class_format_error("Invalid method signature");
 650     return;
 651   }
 652 
 653   // Verify value type bytecodes if enabled and class file version supports them.
 654   // Commented check out for now until class file version 54.1 is generated.
 655   bool vbytecodes_allowed = (EnableMVT || EnableValhalla);
 656                              //_klass->major_version() >= Verifier::VALUETYPE_MAJOR_VERSION &&
 657                              //_klass->minor_version() >= Verifier::VALUETYPE_MINOR_VERSION);
 658 
 659   // Initial stack map frame: offset is 0, stack is initially empty.
 660   StackMapFrame current_frame(max_locals, max_stack, this);
 661   // Set initial locals
 662   VerificationType return_type = current_frame.set_locals_from_arg(
 663     m, current_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 664 
 665   int32_t stackmap_index = 0; // index to the stackmap array
 666 
 667   u4 code_length = m->code_size();
 668 
 669   // Scan the bytecode and map each instruction's start offset to a number.
 670   char* code_data = generate_code_data(m, code_length, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 671 
 672   int ex_min = code_length;
 673   int ex_max = -1;
 674   // Look through each item on the exception table. Each of the fields must refer
 675   // to a legal instruction.
 676   if (was_recursively_verified()) return;
 677   verify_exception_handler_table(
 678     code_length, code_data, ex_min, ex_max, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 679 
 680   // Look through each entry on the local variable table and make sure
 681   // its range of code array offsets is valid. (4169817)
 682   if (m->has_localvariable_table()) {
 683     verify_local_variable_table(code_length, code_data, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 684   }
 685 
 686   Array<u1>* stackmap_data = m->stackmap_data();
 687   StackMapStream stream(stackmap_data);
 688   StackMapReader reader(this, &stream, code_data, code_length, THREAD);
 689   StackMapTable stackmap_table(&reader, &current_frame, max_locals, max_stack,
 690                                code_data, code_length, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 691 
 692   LogTarget(Info, verification) lt;
 693   if (lt.is_enabled()) {
 694     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 695     LogStream ls(lt);
 696     stackmap_table.print_on(&ls);
 697   }
 698 
 699   RawBytecodeStream bcs(m);
 700 
 701   // Scan the byte code linearly from the start to the end
 702   bool no_control_flow = false; // Set to true when there is no direct control
 703                                 // flow from current instruction to the next
 704                                 // instruction in sequence
 705 
 706   Bytecodes::Code opcode;
 707   while (!bcs.is_last_bytecode()) {
 708     // Check for recursive re-verification before each bytecode.
 709     if (was_recursively_verified())  return;
 710 
 711     opcode = bcs.raw_next();
 712     u2 bci = bcs.bci();
 713 
 714     // Set current frame's offset to bci
 715     current_frame.set_offset(bci);
 716     current_frame.set_mark();
 717 
 718     // Make sure every offset in stackmap table point to the beginning to
 719     // an instruction. Match current_frame to stackmap_table entry with
 720     // the same offset if exists.
 721     stackmap_index = verify_stackmap_table(
 722       stackmap_index, bci, &current_frame, &stackmap_table,
 723       no_control_flow, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 724 
 725 
 726     bool this_uninit = false;  // Set to true when invokespecial <init> initialized 'this'
 727     bool verified_exc_handlers = false;
 728 
 729     // Merge with the next instruction
 730     {
 731       u2 index;
 732       int target;
 733       VerificationType type, type2;
 734       VerificationType atype;
 735 
 736       LogTarget(Info, verification) lt;
 737       if (lt.is_enabled()) {
 738         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 739         LogStream ls(lt);
 740         current_frame.print_on(&ls);
 741         lt.print("offset = %d,  opcode = %s", bci, Bytecodes::name(opcode));
 742       }
 743 
 744       // Make sure wide instruction is in correct format
 745       if (bcs.is_wide()) {
 746         if (opcode != Bytecodes::_iinc   && opcode != Bytecodes::_iload  &&
 747             opcode != Bytecodes::_aload  && opcode != Bytecodes::_lload  &&
 748             opcode != Bytecodes::_istore && opcode != Bytecodes::_astore &&
 749             opcode != Bytecodes::_lstore && opcode != Bytecodes::_fload  &&
 750             opcode != Bytecodes::_dload  && opcode != Bytecodes::_fstore &&
 751             opcode != Bytecodes::_dstore && opcode != Bytecodes::_vstore &&
 752             opcode != Bytecodes::_vload) {
 753           /* Unreachable?  RawBytecodeStream's raw_next() returns 'illegal'
 754            * if we encounter a wide instruction that modifies an invalid
 755            * opcode (not one of the ones listed above) */
 756           verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci), "Bad wide instruction");
 757           return;
 758         }
 759       }
 760 
 761       // Look for possible jump target in exception handlers and see if it
 762       // matches current_frame.  Do this check here for astore*, dstore*,
 763       // fstore*, istore*, and lstore* opcodes because they can change the type
 764       // state by adding a local.  JVM Spec says that the incoming type state
 765       // should be used for this check.  So, do the check here before a possible
 766       // local is added to the type state.
 767       if (Bytecodes::is_store_into_local(opcode) && bci >= ex_min && bci < ex_max) {
 768         if (was_recursively_verified()) return;
 769         verify_exception_handler_targets(
 770           bci, this_uninit, &current_frame, &stackmap_table, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 771         verified_exc_handlers = true;
 772       }
 773 
 774       if (was_recursively_verified()) return;
 775 
 776       switch (opcode) {
 777         case Bytecodes::_nop :
 778           no_control_flow = false; break;
 779         case Bytecodes::_aconst_null :
 780           current_frame.push_stack(
 781             VerificationType::null_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 782           no_control_flow = false; break;
 783         case Bytecodes::_iconst_m1 :
 784         case Bytecodes::_iconst_0 :
 785         case Bytecodes::_iconst_1 :
 786         case Bytecodes::_iconst_2 :
 787         case Bytecodes::_iconst_3 :
 788         case Bytecodes::_iconst_4 :
 789         case Bytecodes::_iconst_5 :
 790           current_frame.push_stack(
 791             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 792           no_control_flow = false; break;
 793         case Bytecodes::_lconst_0 :
 794         case Bytecodes::_lconst_1 :
 795           current_frame.push_stack_2(
 796             VerificationType::long_type(),
 797             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 798           no_control_flow = false; break;
 799         case Bytecodes::_fconst_0 :
 800         case Bytecodes::_fconst_1 :
 801         case Bytecodes::_fconst_2 :
 802           current_frame.push_stack(
 803             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 804           no_control_flow = false; break;
 805         case Bytecodes::_dconst_0 :
 806         case Bytecodes::_dconst_1 :
 807           current_frame.push_stack_2(
 808             VerificationType::double_type(),
 809             VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 810           no_control_flow = false; break;
 811         case Bytecodes::_sipush :
 812         case Bytecodes::_bipush :
 813           current_frame.push_stack(
 814             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 815           no_control_flow = false; break;
 816         case Bytecodes::_ldc :
 817           verify_ldc(
 818             opcode, bcs.get_index_u1(), &current_frame,
 819             cp, bci, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 820           no_control_flow = false; break;
 821         case Bytecodes::_ldc_w :
 822         case Bytecodes::_ldc2_w :
 823           verify_ldc(
 824             opcode, bcs.get_index_u2(), &current_frame,
 825             cp, bci, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 826           no_control_flow = false; break;
 827         case Bytecodes::_iload :
 828           verify_iload(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 829           no_control_flow = false; break;
 830         case Bytecodes::_iload_0 :
 831         case Bytecodes::_iload_1 :
 832         case Bytecodes::_iload_2 :
 833         case Bytecodes::_iload_3 :
 834           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_iload_0;
 835           verify_iload(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 836           no_control_flow = false; break;
 837         case Bytecodes::_lload :
 838           verify_lload(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 839           no_control_flow = false; break;
 840         case Bytecodes::_lload_0 :
 841         case Bytecodes::_lload_1 :
 842         case Bytecodes::_lload_2 :
 843         case Bytecodes::_lload_3 :
 844           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_lload_0;
 845           verify_lload(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 846           no_control_flow = false; break;
 847         case Bytecodes::_fload :
 848           verify_fload(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 849           no_control_flow = false; break;
 850         case Bytecodes::_fload_0 :
 851         case Bytecodes::_fload_1 :
 852         case Bytecodes::_fload_2 :
 853         case Bytecodes::_fload_3 :
 854           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_fload_0;
 855           verify_fload(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 856           no_control_flow = false; break;
 857         case Bytecodes::_dload :
 858           verify_dload(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 859           no_control_flow = false; break;
 860         case Bytecodes::_dload_0 :
 861         case Bytecodes::_dload_1 :
 862         case Bytecodes::_dload_2 :
 863         case Bytecodes::_dload_3 :
 864           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_dload_0;
 865           verify_dload(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 866           no_control_flow = false; break;
 867         case Bytecodes::_vload :
 868           if (!vbytecodes_allowed) {
 869             class_format_error(
 870               "vload not supported by this class file version (%d.%d), class %s",
 871               _klass->major_version(), _klass->minor_version(), _klass->external_name());
 872             return;
 873           }
 874           verify_vload(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 875           no_control_flow = false; break;
 876         case Bytecodes::_aload :
 877           verify_aload(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 878           no_control_flow = false; break;
 879         case Bytecodes::_aload_0 :
 880         case Bytecodes::_aload_1 :
 881         case Bytecodes::_aload_2 :
 882         case Bytecodes::_aload_3 :
 883           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_aload_0;
 884           verify_aload(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 885           no_control_flow = false; break;
 886         case Bytecodes::_iaload :
 887           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 888             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 889           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 890             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 891           if (!atype.is_int_array()) {
 892             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 893                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[I", THREAD)),
 894                 bad_type_msg, "iaload");
 895             return;
 896           }
 897           current_frame.push_stack(
 898             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 899           no_control_flow = false; break;
 900         case Bytecodes::_baload :
 901           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 902             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 903           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 904             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 905           if (!atype.is_bool_array() && !atype.is_byte_array()) {
 906             verify_error(
 907                 ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
 908                 bad_type_msg, "baload");
 909             return;
 910           }
 911           current_frame.push_stack(
 912             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 913           no_control_flow = false; break;
 914         case Bytecodes::_caload :
 915           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 916             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 917           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 918             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 919           if (!atype.is_char_array()) {
 920             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 921                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[C", THREAD)),
 922                 bad_type_msg, "caload");
 923             return;
 924           }
 925           current_frame.push_stack(
 926             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 927           no_control_flow = false; break;
 928         case Bytecodes::_saload :
 929           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 930             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 931           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 932             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 933           if (!atype.is_short_array()) {
 934             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 935                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[S", THREAD)),
 936                 bad_type_msg, "saload");
 937             return;
 938           }
 939           current_frame.push_stack(
 940             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 941           no_control_flow = false; break;
 942         case Bytecodes::_laload :
 943           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 944             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 945           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 946             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 947           if (!atype.is_long_array()) {
 948             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 949                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[J", THREAD)),
 950                 bad_type_msg, "laload");
 951             return;
 952           }
 953           current_frame.push_stack_2(
 954             VerificationType::long_type(),
 955             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 956           no_control_flow = false; break;
 957         case Bytecodes::_faload :
 958           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 959             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 960           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 961             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 962           if (!atype.is_float_array()) {
 963             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 964                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[F", THREAD)),
 965                 bad_type_msg, "faload");
 966             return;
 967           }
 968           current_frame.push_stack(
 969             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 970           no_control_flow = false; break;
 971         case Bytecodes::_daload :
 972           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 973             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 974           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 975             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 976           if (!atype.is_double_array()) {
 977             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 978                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[D", THREAD)),
 979                 bad_type_msg, "daload");
 980             return;
 981           }
 982           current_frame.push_stack_2(
 983             VerificationType::double_type(),
 984             VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 985           no_control_flow = false; break;
 986         case Bytecodes::_aaload : {
 987           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
 988             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 989           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
 990             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
 991           if (!atype.is_reference_array()) {
 992             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
 993                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(),
 994                 TypeOrigin::implicit(VerificationType::reference_check())),
 995                 bad_type_msg, "aaload");
 996             return;
 997           }
 998           if (atype.is_null()) {
 999             current_frame.push_stack(
1000               VerificationType::null_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1001           } else {
1002             VerificationType component =
1003               atype.get_component(this, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1004             current_frame.push_stack(component, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1005           }
1006           no_control_flow = false; break;
1007         }
1008         case Bytecodes::_vaload : {
1009           if (!vbytecodes_allowed) {
1010             class_format_error(
1011               "vaload not supported by this class file version (%d.%d), class %s",
1012               _klass->major_version(), _klass->minor_version(), _klass->external_name());
1013             return;
1014           }
1015           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1016             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1017           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
1018             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1019           // The null check is strictly not be necessary, left in for future proofing.
1020           // Will be reconsidered if type indexes are removed.
1021           if (atype.is_null() || !atype.is_value_array()) {
1022             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1023                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(),
1024                 TypeOrigin::implicit(VerificationType::reference_check())),
1025                 bad_type_msg, "vaload");
1026             return;
1027           }
1028           VerificationType component = atype.get_component(this, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1029           if (!component.is_valuetype()) {
1030             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1031                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(),
1032                 TypeOrigin::implicit(VerificationType::valuetype_check())),
1033                 bad_type_msg, "vaload");
1034             return;  
1035           } 
1036           current_frame.push_stack(component, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1037           no_control_flow = false; break;
1038         }
1039         case Bytecodes::_istore :
1040           verify_istore(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1041           no_control_flow = false; break;
1042         case Bytecodes::_istore_0 :
1043         case Bytecodes::_istore_1 :
1044         case Bytecodes::_istore_2 :
1045         case Bytecodes::_istore_3 :
1046           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_istore_0;
1047           verify_istore(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1048           no_control_flow = false; break;
1049         case Bytecodes::_lstore :
1050           verify_lstore(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1051           no_control_flow = false; break;
1052         case Bytecodes::_lstore_0 :
1053         case Bytecodes::_lstore_1 :
1054         case Bytecodes::_lstore_2 :
1055         case Bytecodes::_lstore_3 :
1056           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_lstore_0;
1057           verify_lstore(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1058           no_control_flow = false; break;
1059         case Bytecodes::_fstore :
1060           verify_fstore(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1061           no_control_flow = false; break;
1062         case Bytecodes::_fstore_0 :
1063         case Bytecodes::_fstore_1 :
1064         case Bytecodes::_fstore_2 :
1065         case Bytecodes::_fstore_3 :
1066           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_fstore_0;
1067           verify_fstore(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1068           no_control_flow = false; break;
1069         case Bytecodes::_dstore :
1070           verify_dstore(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1071           no_control_flow = false; break;
1072         case Bytecodes::_dstore_0 :
1073         case Bytecodes::_dstore_1 :
1074         case Bytecodes::_dstore_2 :
1075         case Bytecodes::_dstore_3 :
1076           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_dstore_0;
1077           verify_dstore(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1078           no_control_flow = false; break;
1079         case Bytecodes::_vstore :
1080           if (!vbytecodes_allowed) {
1081             class_format_error(
1082               "vstore not supported by this class file version (%d.%d), class %s",
1083               _klass->major_version(), _klass->minor_version(), _klass->external_name());
1084             return;
1085           }
1086           verify_vstore(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1087           no_control_flow = false; break;
1088         case Bytecodes::_astore :
1089           verify_astore(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1090           no_control_flow = false; break;
1091         case Bytecodes::_astore_0 :
1092         case Bytecodes::_astore_1 :
1093         case Bytecodes::_astore_2 :
1094         case Bytecodes::_astore_3 :
1095           index = opcode - Bytecodes::_astore_0;
1096           verify_astore(index, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1097           no_control_flow = false; break;
1098         case Bytecodes::_iastore :
1099           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1100             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1101           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1102             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1103           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
1104             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1105           if (!atype.is_int_array()) {
1106             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1107                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[I", THREAD)),
1108                 bad_type_msg, "iastore");
1109             return;
1110           }
1111           no_control_flow = false; break;
1112         case Bytecodes::_bastore :
1113           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1114             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1115           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1116             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1117           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
1118             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1119           if (!atype.is_bool_array() && !atype.is_byte_array()) {
1120             verify_error(
1121                 ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
1122                 bad_type_msg, "bastore");
1123             return;
1124           }
1125           no_control_flow = false; break;
1126         case Bytecodes::_castore :
1127           current_frame.pop_stack(
1128             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1129           current_frame.pop_stack(
1130             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1131           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
1132             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1133           if (!atype.is_char_array()) {
1134             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1135                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[C", THREAD)),
1136                 bad_type_msg, "castore");
1137             return;
1138           }
1139           no_control_flow = false; break;
1140         case Bytecodes::_sastore :
1141           current_frame.pop_stack(
1142             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1143           current_frame.pop_stack(
1144             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1145           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
1146             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1147           if (!atype.is_short_array()) {
1148             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1149                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[S", THREAD)),
1150                 bad_type_msg, "sastore");
1151             return;
1152           }
1153           no_control_flow = false; break;
1154         case Bytecodes::_lastore :
1155           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1156             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1157             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1158           current_frame.pop_stack(
1159             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1160           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
1161             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1162           if (!atype.is_long_array()) {
1163             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1164                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[J", THREAD)),
1165                 bad_type_msg, "lastore");
1166             return;
1167           }
1168           no_control_flow = false; break;
1169         case Bytecodes::_fastore :
1170           current_frame.pop_stack(
1171             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1172           current_frame.pop_stack
1173             (VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1174           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
1175             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1176           if (!atype.is_float_array()) {
1177             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1178                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[F", THREAD)),
1179                 bad_type_msg, "fastore");
1180             return;
1181           }
1182           no_control_flow = false; break;
1183         case Bytecodes::_dastore :
1184           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1185             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1186             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1187           current_frame.pop_stack(
1188             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1189           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
1190             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1191           if (!atype.is_double_array()) {
1192             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1193                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(), ref_ctx("[D", THREAD)),
1194                 bad_type_msg, "dastore");
1195             return;
1196           }
1197           no_control_flow = false; break;
1198         case Bytecodes::_aastore :
1199           type = current_frame.pop_stack(object_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1200           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1201             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1202           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
1203             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1204           // more type-checking is done at runtime
1205           if (!atype.is_reference_array()) {
1206             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1207                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(),
1208                 TypeOrigin::implicit(VerificationType::reference_check())),
1209                 bad_type_msg, "aastore");
1210             return;
1211           }
1212           // 4938384: relaxed constraint in JVMS 3nd edition.
1213           no_control_flow = false; break;
1214         case Bytecodes::_vastore :
1215           if (!vbytecodes_allowed) {
1216             class_format_error(
1217               "vastore not supported by this class file version (%d.%d), class %s",
1218               _klass->major_version(), _klass->minor_version(), _klass->external_name());
1219             return;
1220           }
1221           type = current_frame.pop_stack(__value_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1222           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1223             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1224           atype = current_frame.pop_stack(
1225             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1226           // The null check is strictly not be necessary, left in for future proofing.
1227           // Will be reconsidered if type indexes are removed.
1228           if (atype.is_null() || !atype.is_value_array()) {
1229             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1230                 current_frame.stack_top_ctx(),
1231                 TypeOrigin::implicit(VerificationType::reference_check())),
1232                 bad_type_msg, "vastore");
1233             return;
1234           }
1235           no_control_flow = false; break;
1236         case Bytecodes::_pop :
1237           current_frame.pop_stack(
1238             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1239           no_control_flow = false; break;
1240         case Bytecodes::_pop2 :
1241           type = current_frame.pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1242           if (type.is_category1()) {
1243             current_frame.pop_stack(
1244               VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1245           } else if (type.is_category2_2nd()) {
1246             current_frame.pop_stack(
1247               VerificationType::category2_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1248           } else {
1249             /* Unreachable? Would need a category2_1st on TOS
1250              * which does not appear possible. */
1251             verify_error(
1252                 ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
1253                 bad_type_msg, "pop2");
1254             return;
1255           }
1256           no_control_flow = false; break;
1257         case Bytecodes::_dup :
1258           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1259             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1260           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1261           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1262           no_control_flow = false; break;
1263         case Bytecodes::_dup_x1 :
1264           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1265             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1266           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1267             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1268           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1269           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1270           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1271           no_control_flow = false; break;
1272         case Bytecodes::_dup_x2 :
1273         {
1274           VerificationType type3;
1275           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1276             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1277           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1278           if (type2.is_category1()) {
1279             type3 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1280               VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1281           } else if (type2.is_category2_2nd()) {
1282             type3 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1283               VerificationType::category2_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1284           } else {
1285             /* Unreachable? Would need a category2_1st at stack depth 2 with
1286              * a category1 on TOS which does not appear possible. */
1287             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(
1288                 bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()), bad_type_msg, "dup_x2");
1289             return;
1290           }
1291           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1292           current_frame.push_stack(type3, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1293           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1294           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1295           no_control_flow = false; break;
1296         }
1297         case Bytecodes::_dup2 :
1298           type = current_frame.pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1299           if (type.is_category1()) {
1300             type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1301               VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1302           } else if (type.is_category2_2nd()) {
1303             type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1304               VerificationType::category2_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1305           } else {
1306             /* Unreachable?  Would need a category2_1st on TOS which does not
1307              * appear possible. */
1308             verify_error(
1309                 ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
1310                 bad_type_msg, "dup2");
1311             return;
1312           }
1313           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1314           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1315           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1316           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1317           no_control_flow = false; break;
1318         case Bytecodes::_dup2_x1 :
1319         {
1320           VerificationType type3;
1321           type = current_frame.pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1322           if (type.is_category1()) {
1323             type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1324               VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1325           } else if (type.is_category2_2nd()) {
1326             type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1327               VerificationType::category2_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1328           } else {
1329             /* Unreachable?  Would need a category2_1st on TOS which does
1330              * not appear possible. */
1331             verify_error(
1332                 ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
1333                 bad_type_msg, "dup2_x1");
1334             return;
1335           }
1336           type3 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1337             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1338           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1339           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1340           current_frame.push_stack(type3, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1341           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1342           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1343           no_control_flow = false; break;
1344         }
1345         case Bytecodes::_dup2_x2 :
1346         {
1347           VerificationType type3, type4;
1348           type = current_frame.pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1349           if (type.is_category1()) {
1350             type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1351               VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1352           } else if (type.is_category2_2nd()) {
1353             type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1354               VerificationType::category2_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1355           } else {
1356             /* Unreachable?  Would need a category2_1st on TOS which does
1357              * not appear possible. */
1358             verify_error(
1359                 ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
1360                 bad_type_msg, "dup2_x2");
1361             return;
1362           }
1363           type3 = current_frame.pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1364           if (type3.is_category1()) {
1365             type4 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1366               VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1367           } else if (type3.is_category2_2nd()) {
1368             type4 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1369               VerificationType::category2_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1370           } else {
1371             /* Unreachable?  Would need a category2_1st on TOS after popping
1372              * a long/double or two category 1's, which does not
1373              * appear possible. */
1374             verify_error(
1375                 ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
1376                 bad_type_msg, "dup2_x2");
1377             return;
1378           }
1379           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1380           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1381           current_frame.push_stack(type4, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1382           current_frame.push_stack(type3, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1383           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1384           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1385           no_control_flow = false; break;
1386         }
1387         case Bytecodes::_swap :
1388           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1389             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1390           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1391             VerificationType::category1_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1392           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1393           current_frame.push_stack(type2, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1394           no_control_flow = false; break;
1395         case Bytecodes::_iadd :
1396         case Bytecodes::_isub :
1397         case Bytecodes::_imul :
1398         case Bytecodes::_idiv :
1399         case Bytecodes::_irem :
1400         case Bytecodes::_ishl :
1401         case Bytecodes::_ishr :
1402         case Bytecodes::_iushr :
1403         case Bytecodes::_ior :
1404         case Bytecodes::_ixor :
1405         case Bytecodes::_iand :
1406           current_frame.pop_stack(
1407             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1408           // fall through
1409         case Bytecodes::_ineg :
1410           current_frame.pop_stack(
1411             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1412           current_frame.push_stack(
1413             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1414           no_control_flow = false; break;
1415         case Bytecodes::_ladd :
1416         case Bytecodes::_lsub :
1417         case Bytecodes::_lmul :
1418         case Bytecodes::_ldiv :
1419         case Bytecodes::_lrem :
1420         case Bytecodes::_land :
1421         case Bytecodes::_lor :
1422         case Bytecodes::_lxor :
1423           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1424             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1425             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1426           // fall through
1427         case Bytecodes::_lneg :
1428           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1429             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1430             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1431           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1432             VerificationType::long_type(),
1433             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1434           no_control_flow = false; break;
1435         case Bytecodes::_lshl :
1436         case Bytecodes::_lshr :
1437         case Bytecodes::_lushr :
1438           current_frame.pop_stack(
1439             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1440           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1441             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1442             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1443           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1444             VerificationType::long_type(),
1445             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1446           no_control_flow = false; break;
1447         case Bytecodes::_fadd :
1448         case Bytecodes::_fsub :
1449         case Bytecodes::_fmul :
1450         case Bytecodes::_fdiv :
1451         case Bytecodes::_frem :
1452           current_frame.pop_stack(
1453             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1454           // fall through
1455         case Bytecodes::_fneg :
1456           current_frame.pop_stack(
1457             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1458           current_frame.push_stack(
1459             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1460           no_control_flow = false; break;
1461         case Bytecodes::_dadd :
1462         case Bytecodes::_dsub :
1463         case Bytecodes::_dmul :
1464         case Bytecodes::_ddiv :
1465         case Bytecodes::_drem :
1466           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1467             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1468             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1469           // fall through
1470         case Bytecodes::_dneg :
1471           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1472             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1473             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1474           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1475             VerificationType::double_type(),
1476             VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1477           no_control_flow = false; break;
1478         case Bytecodes::_iinc :
1479           verify_iinc(bcs.get_index(), &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1480           no_control_flow = false; break;
1481         case Bytecodes::_i2l :
1482           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1483             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1484           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1485             VerificationType::long_type(),
1486             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1487           no_control_flow = false; break;
1488        case Bytecodes::_l2i :
1489           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1490             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1491             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1492           current_frame.push_stack(
1493             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1494           no_control_flow = false; break;
1495         case Bytecodes::_i2f :
1496           current_frame.pop_stack(
1497             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1498           current_frame.push_stack(
1499             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1500           no_control_flow = false; break;
1501         case Bytecodes::_i2d :
1502           current_frame.pop_stack(
1503             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1504           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1505             VerificationType::double_type(),
1506             VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1507           no_control_flow = false; break;
1508         case Bytecodes::_l2f :
1509           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1510             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1511             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1512           current_frame.push_stack(
1513             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1514           no_control_flow = false; break;
1515         case Bytecodes::_l2d :
1516           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1517             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1518             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1519           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1520             VerificationType::double_type(),
1521             VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1522           no_control_flow = false; break;
1523         case Bytecodes::_f2i :
1524           current_frame.pop_stack(
1525             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1526           current_frame.push_stack(
1527             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1528           no_control_flow = false; break;
1529         case Bytecodes::_f2l :
1530           current_frame.pop_stack(
1531             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1532           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1533             VerificationType::long_type(),
1534             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1535           no_control_flow = false; break;
1536         case Bytecodes::_f2d :
1537           current_frame.pop_stack(
1538             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1539           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1540             VerificationType::double_type(),
1541             VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1542           no_control_flow = false; break;
1543         case Bytecodes::_d2i :
1544           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1545             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1546             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1547           current_frame.push_stack(
1548             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1549           no_control_flow = false; break;
1550         case Bytecodes::_d2l :
1551           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1552             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1553             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1554           current_frame.push_stack_2(
1555             VerificationType::long_type(),
1556             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1557           no_control_flow = false; break;
1558         case Bytecodes::_d2f :
1559           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1560             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1561             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1562           current_frame.push_stack(
1563             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1564           no_control_flow = false; break;
1565         case Bytecodes::_i2b :
1566         case Bytecodes::_i2c :
1567         case Bytecodes::_i2s :
1568           current_frame.pop_stack(
1569             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1570           current_frame.push_stack(
1571             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1572           no_control_flow = false; break;
1573         case Bytecodes::_lcmp :
1574           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1575             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1576             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1577           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1578             VerificationType::long2_type(),
1579             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1580           current_frame.push_stack(
1581             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1582           no_control_flow = false; break;
1583         case Bytecodes::_fcmpl :
1584         case Bytecodes::_fcmpg :
1585           current_frame.pop_stack(
1586             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1587           current_frame.pop_stack(
1588             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1589           current_frame.push_stack(
1590             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1591           no_control_flow = false; break;
1592         case Bytecodes::_dcmpl :
1593         case Bytecodes::_dcmpg :
1594           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1595             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1596             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1597           current_frame.pop_stack_2(
1598             VerificationType::double2_type(),
1599             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1600           current_frame.push_stack(
1601             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1602           no_control_flow = false; break;
1603         case Bytecodes::_if_icmpeq:
1604         case Bytecodes::_if_icmpne:
1605         case Bytecodes::_if_icmplt:
1606         case Bytecodes::_if_icmpge:
1607         case Bytecodes::_if_icmpgt:
1608         case Bytecodes::_if_icmple:
1609           current_frame.pop_stack(
1610             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1611           // fall through
1612         case Bytecodes::_ifeq:
1613         case Bytecodes::_ifne:
1614         case Bytecodes::_iflt:
1615         case Bytecodes::_ifge:
1616         case Bytecodes::_ifgt:
1617         case Bytecodes::_ifle:
1618           current_frame.pop_stack(
1619             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1620           target = bcs.dest();
1621           stackmap_table.check_jump_target(
1622             &current_frame, target, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1623           no_control_flow = false; break;
1624         case Bytecodes::_if_acmpeq :
1625         case Bytecodes::_if_acmpne :
1626           current_frame.pop_stack(
1627             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1628           // fall through
1629         case Bytecodes::_ifnull :
1630         case Bytecodes::_ifnonnull :
1631           current_frame.pop_stack(
1632             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1633           target = bcs.dest();
1634           stackmap_table.check_jump_target
1635             (&current_frame, target, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1636           no_control_flow = false; break;
1637         case Bytecodes::_goto :
1638           target = bcs.dest();
1639           stackmap_table.check_jump_target(
1640             &current_frame, target, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1641           no_control_flow = true; break;
1642         case Bytecodes::_goto_w :
1643           target = bcs.dest_w();
1644           stackmap_table.check_jump_target(
1645             &current_frame, target, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1646           no_control_flow = true; break;
1647         case Bytecodes::_tableswitch :
1648         case Bytecodes::_lookupswitch :
1649           verify_switch(
1650             &bcs, code_length, code_data, &current_frame,
1651             &stackmap_table, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1652           no_control_flow = true; break;
1653         case Bytecodes::_ireturn :
1654           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1655             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1656           verify_return_value(return_type, type, bci,
1657                               &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1658           no_control_flow = true; break;
1659         case Bytecodes::_lreturn :
1660           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1661             VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1662           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1663             VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1664           verify_return_value(return_type, type, bci,
1665                               &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1666           no_control_flow = true; break;
1667         case Bytecodes::_freturn :
1668           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1669             VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1670           verify_return_value(return_type, type, bci,
1671                               &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1672           no_control_flow = true; break;
1673         case Bytecodes::_dreturn :
1674           type2 = current_frame.pop_stack(
1675             VerificationType::double2_type(),  CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1676           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1677             VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1678           verify_return_value(return_type, type, bci,
1679                               &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1680           no_control_flow = true; break;
1681         case Bytecodes::_areturn :
1682           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1683             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1684           verify_return_value(return_type, type, bci,
1685                               &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1686           no_control_flow = true; break;
1687         case Bytecodes::_vreturn :
1688           if (!vbytecodes_allowed) {
1689             class_format_error(
1690               "vreturn not supported by this class file version (%d.%d), class %s",
1691               _klass->major_version(), _klass->minor_version(), _klass->external_name());
1692             return;
1693           }
1694           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1695             VerificationType::valuetype_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1696           verify_return_value(return_type, type, bci,
1697                               &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1698           no_control_flow = true; break;
1699         case Bytecodes::_return :
1700           if (return_type != VerificationType::bogus_type()) {
1701             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
1702                          "Method expects a return value");
1703             return;
1704           }
1705           // Make sure "this" has been initialized if current method is an
1706           // <init>.
1707           if (_method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name() &&
1708               current_frame.flag_this_uninit()) {
1709             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
1710                          "Constructor must call super() or this() "
1711                          "before return");
1712             return;
1713           }
1714           no_control_flow = true; break;
1715         case Bytecodes::_getstatic :
1716         case Bytecodes::_putstatic :
1717           // pass TRUE, operand can be an array type for getstatic/putstatic.
1718           verify_field_instructions(
1719             &bcs, &current_frame, cp, true, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1720           no_control_flow = false; break;
1721         case Bytecodes::_getfield :
1722         case Bytecodes::_putfield :
1723           // pass FALSE, operand can't be an array type for getfield/putfield.
1724           verify_field_instructions(
1725             &bcs, &current_frame, cp, false, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1726           no_control_flow = false; break;
1727         case Bytecodes::_vwithfield :
1728           if (!vbytecodes_allowed) {
1729             class_format_error(
1730               "vwithfield not supported by this class file version (%d.%d), class %s",
1731               _klass->major_version(), _klass->minor_version(), _klass->external_name());
1732             return;
1733           }
1734           verify_vwithfield(&bcs, &current_frame, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1735           no_control_flow = false; break;
1736         case Bytecodes::_invokevirtual :
1737         case Bytecodes::_invokespecial :
1738         case Bytecodes::_invokestatic :
1739           verify_invoke_instructions(
1740             &bcs, code_length, &current_frame, (bci >= ex_min && bci < ex_max),
1741             &this_uninit, return_type, cp, &stackmap_table, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1742           no_control_flow = false; break;
1743         case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface :
1744         case Bytecodes::_invokedynamic :
1745           verify_invoke_instructions(
1746             &bcs, code_length, &current_frame, (bci >= ex_min && bci < ex_max),
1747             &this_uninit, return_type, cp, &stackmap_table, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1748           no_control_flow = false; break;
1749         case Bytecodes::_new :
1750         {
1751           index = bcs.get_index_u2();
1752           verify_cp_class_type(bci, index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1753           VerificationType new_class_type =
1754             cp_index_to_reference_type(index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1755           if (!new_class_type.is_object()) {
1756             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1757                 TypeOrigin::cp(index, new_class_type)),
1758                 "Illegal new instruction");
1759             return;
1760           }
1761           type = VerificationType::uninitialized_type(bci);
1762           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1763           no_control_flow = false; break;
1764         }
1765         case Bytecodes::_vdefault :
1766         {
1767           if (!vbytecodes_allowed) {
1768             class_format_error(
1769               "vdefault not supported by this class file version (%d.%d), class %s",
1770               _klass->major_version(), _klass->minor_version(), _klass->external_name());
1771             return;
1772           }
1773           index = bcs.get_index_u2();
1774           verify_cp_value_type(bci, index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1775           VerificationType new_value_type =
1776             cp_index_to_valuetype(index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1777           if (!new_value_type.is_valuetype()) {
1778             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1779                 TypeOrigin::cp(index, new_value_type)),
1780                 "Illegal vdefault instruction");
1781             return;
1782           }
1783           current_frame.push_stack(new_value_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1784           no_control_flow = false; break;
1785         }
1786         case Bytecodes::_newarray :
1787           type = get_newarray_type(bcs.get_index(), bci, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1788           current_frame.pop_stack(
1789             VerificationType::integer_type(),  CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1790           current_frame.push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1791           no_control_flow = false; break;
1792         case Bytecodes::_anewarray :
1793           verify_anewarray(
1794             bci, bcs.get_index_u2(), cp, &current_frame, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1795           no_control_flow = false; break;
1796         case Bytecodes::_arraylength :
1797           type = current_frame.pop_stack(
1798             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1799           if (!(type.is_null() || type.is_array())) {
1800             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(
1801                 bci, current_frame.stack_top_ctx()),
1802                 bad_type_msg, "arraylength");
1803           }
1804           current_frame.push_stack(
1805             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1806           no_control_flow = false; break;
1807         case Bytecodes::_checkcast :
1808         {
1809           index = bcs.get_index_u2();
1810           verify_cp_class_type(bci, index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1811           current_frame.pop_stack(object_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1812           VerificationType klass_type = cp_index_to_reference_type(
1813             index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1814           current_frame.push_stack(klass_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1815           no_control_flow = false; break;
1816         }
1817         case Bytecodes::_instanceof : {
1818           index = bcs.get_index_u2();
1819           verify_cp_class_type(bci, index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1820           current_frame.pop_stack(object_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1821           current_frame.push_stack(
1822             VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1823           no_control_flow = false; break;
1824         }
1825         case Bytecodes::_vbox : {
1826           if (!EnableMVT || !vbytecodes_allowed) {
1827             class_format_error(
1828               "vbox not supported by this class file version (%d.%d), class %s",
1829               _klass->major_version(), _klass->minor_version(), _klass->external_name());
1830             return;
1831           }
1832           index = bcs.get_index_u2();
1833           verify_cp_class_type(bci, index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1834           current_frame.pop_stack(VerificationType::valuetype_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1835           VerificationType klass_type = cp_index_to_reference_type(
1836             index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1837           current_frame.push_stack(klass_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1838           no_control_flow = false; break;
1839         }
1840         case Bytecodes::_vunbox : {
1841           if (!EnableMVT || !vbytecodes_allowed) {
1842             class_format_error(
1843               "vunbox not supported by this class file version (%d.%d), class %s",
1844               _klass->major_version(), _klass->minor_version(), _klass->external_name());
1845             return;
1846           }
1847           index = bcs.get_index_u2();
1848           verify_cp_value_type(bci, index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1849           current_frame.pop_stack(object_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1850           VerificationType value_type = cp_index_to_valuetype(
1851             index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1852           current_frame.push_stack(value_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1853           no_control_flow = false; break;
1854         }
1855         case Bytecodes::_monitorenter :
1856         case Bytecodes::_monitorexit :
1857           current_frame.pop_stack(
1858             VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1859           no_control_flow = false; break;
1860         case Bytecodes::_multianewarray :
1861         {
1862           index = bcs.get_index_u2();
1863           u2 dim = *(bcs.bcp()+3);
1864           verify_cp_class_or_value_type(bci, index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1865           VerificationType new_array_type =
1866             cp_index_to_reference_type(index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1867           if (!new_array_type.is_array()) {
1868             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
1869                 TypeOrigin::cp(index, new_array_type)),
1870                 "Illegal constant pool index in multianewarray instruction");
1871             return;
1872           }
1873           if (dim < 1 || new_array_type.dimensions() < dim) {
1874             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
1875                 "Illegal dimension in multianewarray instruction: %d", dim);
1876             return;
1877           }
1878           for (int i = 0; i < dim; i++) {
1879             current_frame.pop_stack(
1880               VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1881           }
1882           current_frame.push_stack(new_array_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1883           no_control_flow = false; break;
1884         }
1885         case Bytecodes::_athrow :
1886           type = VerificationType::reference_type(
1887             vmSymbols::java_lang_Throwable());
1888           current_frame.pop_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1889           no_control_flow = true; break;
1890         default:
1891           // We only need to check the valid bytecodes in class file.
1892           // And jsr and ret are not in the new class file format in JDK1.5.
1893           verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
1894               "Bad instruction: %02x", opcode);
1895           no_control_flow = false;
1896           return;
1897       }  // end switch
1898     }  // end Merge with the next instruction
1899 
1900     // Look for possible jump target in exception handlers and see if it matches
1901     // current_frame.  Don't do this check if it has already been done (for
1902     // ([a,d,f,i,l]store* opcodes).  This check cannot be done earlier because
1903     // opcodes, such as invokespecial, may set the this_uninit flag.
1904     assert(!(verified_exc_handlers && this_uninit),
1905       "Exception handler targets got verified before this_uninit got set");
1906     if (!verified_exc_handlers && bci >= ex_min && bci < ex_max) {
1907       if (was_recursively_verified()) return;
1908       verify_exception_handler_targets(
1909         bci, this_uninit, &current_frame, &stackmap_table, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1910     }
1911   } // end while
1912 
1913   // Make sure that control flow does not fall through end of the method
1914   if (!no_control_flow) {
1915     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(code_length),
1916         "Control flow falls through code end");
1917     return;
1918   }
1919 }
1920 
1921 #undef bad_type_message
1922 
1923 char* ClassVerifier::generate_code_data(const methodHandle& m, u4 code_length, TRAPS) {
1924   char* code_data = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, code_length);
1925   memset(code_data, 0, sizeof(char) * code_length);
1926   RawBytecodeStream bcs(m);
1927 
1928   while (!bcs.is_last_bytecode()) {
1929     if (bcs.raw_next() != Bytecodes::_illegal) {
1930       int bci = bcs.bci();
1931       if (bcs.raw_code() == Bytecodes::_new) {
1932         code_data[bci] = NEW_OFFSET;
1933       } else {
1934         code_data[bci] = BYTECODE_OFFSET;
1935       }
1936     } else {
1937       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bcs.bci()), "Bad instruction");
1938       return NULL;
1939     }
1940   }
1941 
1942   return code_data;
1943 }
1944 
1945 // Since this method references the constant pool, call was_recursively_verified()
1946 // before calling this method to make sure a prior class load did not cause the
1947 // current class to get verified.
1948 void ClassVerifier::verify_exception_handler_table(u4 code_length, char* code_data, int& min, int& max, TRAPS) {
1949   ExceptionTable exhandlers(_method());
1950   int exlength = exhandlers.length();
1951   constantPoolHandle cp (THREAD, _method->constants());
1952 
1953   for(int i = 0; i < exlength; i++) {
1954     u2 start_pc = exhandlers.start_pc(i);
1955     u2 end_pc = exhandlers.end_pc(i);
1956     u2 handler_pc = exhandlers.handler_pc(i);
1957     if (start_pc >= code_length || code_data[start_pc] == 0) {
1958       class_format_error("Illegal exception table start_pc %d", start_pc);
1959       return;
1960     }
1961     if (end_pc != code_length) {   // special case: end_pc == code_length
1962       if (end_pc > code_length || code_data[end_pc] == 0) {
1963         class_format_error("Illegal exception table end_pc %d", end_pc);
1964         return;
1965       }
1966     }
1967     if (handler_pc >= code_length || code_data[handler_pc] == 0) {
1968       class_format_error("Illegal exception table handler_pc %d", handler_pc);
1969       return;
1970     }
1971     int catch_type_index = exhandlers.catch_type_index(i);
1972     if (catch_type_index != 0) {
1973       VerificationType catch_type = cp_index_to_reference_type(
1974         catch_type_index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1975       VerificationType throwable =
1976         VerificationType::reference_type(vmSymbols::java_lang_Throwable());
1977       bool is_subclass = throwable.is_assignable_from(
1978         catch_type, this, false, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
1979       if (!is_subclass) {
1980         // 4286534: should throw VerifyError according to recent spec change
1981         verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(handler_pc,
1982             TypeOrigin::cp(catch_type_index, catch_type),
1983             TypeOrigin::implicit(throwable)),
1984             "Catch type is not a subclass "
1985             "of Throwable in exception handler %d", handler_pc);
1986         return;
1987       }
1988     }
1989     if (start_pc < min) min = start_pc;
1990     if (end_pc > max) max = end_pc;
1991   }
1992 }
1993 
1994 void ClassVerifier::verify_local_variable_table(u4 code_length, char* code_data, TRAPS) {
1995   int localvariable_table_length = _method->localvariable_table_length();
1996   if (localvariable_table_length > 0) {
1997     LocalVariableTableElement* table = _method->localvariable_table_start();
1998     for (int i = 0; i < localvariable_table_length; i++) {
1999       u2 start_bci = table[i].start_bci;
2000       u2 length = table[i].length;
2001 
2002       if (start_bci >= code_length || code_data[start_bci] == 0) {
2003         class_format_error(
2004           "Illegal local variable table start_pc %d", start_bci);
2005         return;
2006       }
2007       u4 end_bci = (u4)(start_bci + length);
2008       if (end_bci != code_length) {
2009         if (end_bci >= code_length || code_data[end_bci] == 0) {
2010           class_format_error( "Illegal local variable table length %d", length);
2011           return;
2012         }
2013       }
2014     }
2015   }
2016 }
2017 
2018 u2 ClassVerifier::verify_stackmap_table(u2 stackmap_index, u2 bci,
2019                                         StackMapFrame* current_frame,
2020                                         StackMapTable* stackmap_table,
2021                                         bool no_control_flow, TRAPS) {
2022   if (stackmap_index < stackmap_table->get_frame_count()) {
2023     u2 this_offset = stackmap_table->get_offset(stackmap_index);
2024     if (no_control_flow && this_offset > bci) {
2025       verify_error(ErrorContext::missing_stackmap(bci),
2026                    "Expecting a stack map frame");
2027       return 0;
2028     }
2029     if (this_offset == bci) {
2030       ErrorContext ctx;
2031       // See if current stack map can be assigned to the frame in table.
2032       // current_frame is the stackmap frame got from the last instruction.
2033       // If matched, current_frame will be updated by this method.
2034       bool matches = stackmap_table->match_stackmap(
2035         current_frame, this_offset, stackmap_index,
2036         !no_control_flow, true, &ctx, CHECK_VERIFY_(this, 0));
2037       if (!matches) {
2038         // report type error
2039         verify_error(ctx, "Instruction type does not match stack map");
2040         return 0;
2041       }
2042       stackmap_index++;
2043     } else if (this_offset < bci) {
2044       // current_offset should have met this_offset.
2045       class_format_error("Bad stack map offset %d", this_offset);
2046       return 0;
2047     }
2048   } else if (no_control_flow) {
2049     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci), "Expecting a stack map frame");
2050     return 0;
2051   }
2052   return stackmap_index;
2053 }
2054 
2055 // Since this method references the constant pool, call was_recursively_verified()
2056 // before calling this method to make sure a prior class load did not cause the
2057 // current class to get verified.
2058 void ClassVerifier::verify_exception_handler_targets(u2 bci, bool this_uninit,
2059                                                      StackMapFrame* current_frame,
2060                                                      StackMapTable* stackmap_table, TRAPS) {
2061   constantPoolHandle cp (THREAD, _method->constants());
2062   ExceptionTable exhandlers(_method());
2063   int exlength = exhandlers.length();
2064   for(int i = 0; i < exlength; i++) {
2065     u2 start_pc = exhandlers.start_pc(i);
2066     u2 end_pc = exhandlers.end_pc(i);
2067     u2 handler_pc = exhandlers.handler_pc(i);
2068     int catch_type_index = exhandlers.catch_type_index(i);
2069     if(bci >= start_pc && bci < end_pc) {
2070       u1 flags = current_frame->flags();
2071       if (this_uninit) {  flags |= FLAG_THIS_UNINIT; }
2072       StackMapFrame* new_frame = current_frame->frame_in_exception_handler(flags);
2073       if (catch_type_index != 0) {
2074         if (was_recursively_verified()) return;
2075         // We know that this index refers to a subclass of Throwable
2076         VerificationType catch_type = cp_index_to_reference_type(
2077           catch_type_index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2078         new_frame->push_stack(catch_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2079       } else {
2080         VerificationType throwable =
2081           VerificationType::reference_type(vmSymbols::java_lang_Throwable());
2082         new_frame->push_stack(throwable, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2083       }
2084       ErrorContext ctx;
2085       bool matches = stackmap_table->match_stackmap(
2086         new_frame, handler_pc, true, false, &ctx, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2087       if (!matches) {
2088         verify_error(ctx, "Stack map does not match the one at "
2089             "exception handler %d", handler_pc);
2090         return;
2091       }
2092     }
2093   }
2094 }
2095 
2096 void ClassVerifier::verify_cp_index(
2097     u2 bci, const constantPoolHandle& cp, int index, TRAPS) {
2098   int nconstants = cp->length();
2099   if ((index <= 0) || (index >= nconstants)) {
2100     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_cp_index(bci, index),
2101         "Illegal constant pool index %d in class %s",
2102         index, cp->pool_holder()->external_name());
2103     return;
2104   }
2105 }
2106 
2107 void ClassVerifier::verify_cp_type(
2108     u2 bci, int index, const constantPoolHandle& cp, unsigned int types, TRAPS) {
2109 
2110   // In some situations, bytecode rewriting may occur while we're verifying.
2111   // In this case, a constant pool cache exists and some indices refer to that
2112   // instead.  Be sure we don't pick up such indices by accident.
2113   // We must check was_recursively_verified() before we get here.
2114   guarantee(cp->cache() == NULL, "not rewritten yet");
2115 
2116   verify_cp_index(bci, cp, index, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2117   unsigned int tag = cp->tag_at(index).value();
2118 
2119   if (tag == JVM_CONSTANT_Value) {
2120     tag = SAFE_JVM_CONSTANT_Value; //avoid overflow
2121   }
2122 
2123   if ((types & (1 << tag)) == 0) {
2124     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_cp_index(bci, index),
2125       "Illegal type at constant pool entry %d in class %s",
2126       index, cp->pool_holder()->external_name());
2127     return;
2128   }
2129 }
2130 
2131 void ClassVerifier::verify_cp_class_type(
2132     u2 bci, int index, const constantPoolHandle& cp, TRAPS) {
2133   verify_cp_index(bci, cp, index, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2134   constantTag tag = cp->tag_at(index);
2135   if (!tag.is_klass() && !tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
2136     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_cp_index(bci, index),
2137         "Illegal type at constant pool entry %d in class %s",
2138         index, cp->pool_holder()->external_name());
2139     return;
2140   }
2141 }
2142 
2143 void ClassVerifier::verify_cp_value_type(
2144     u2 bci, int index, const constantPoolHandle& cp, TRAPS) {
2145   verify_cp_index(bci, cp, index, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2146   constantTag tag = cp->tag_at(index);
2147   if (!tag.is_value_type() && !tag.is_unresolved_value_type()) {
2148     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_cp_index(bci, index),
2149         "Illegal type at constant pool entry %d in class %s",
2150         index, cp->pool_holder()->external_name());
2151     return;
2152   }
2153 }
2154 
2155 // Used for MVT value type overloaded bytecodes (anewarray, getfield, multianewarray)
2156 void ClassVerifier::verify_cp_class_or_value_type(
2157     u2 bci, int index, const constantPoolHandle& cp, TRAPS) {
2158   verify_cp_index(bci, cp, index, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2159   constantTag tag = cp->tag_at(index);
2160   if (!tag.is_klass() && !tag.is_unresolved_klass() &&
2161       !tag.is_value_type() && !tag.is_unresolved_value_type()) {
2162     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_cp_index(bci, index),
2163         "Illegal type at constant pool entry %d in class %s",
2164         index, cp->pool_holder()->external_name());
2165     return;
2166   }
2167 }
2168 
2169 void ClassVerifier::verify_error(ErrorContext ctx, const char* msg, ...) {
2170   stringStream ss;
2171 
2172   ctx.reset_frames();
2173   _exception_type = vmSymbols::java_lang_VerifyError();
2174   _error_context = ctx;
2175   va_list va;
2176   va_start(va, msg);
2177   ss.vprint(msg, va);
2178   va_end(va);
2179   _message = ss.as_string();
2180 #ifdef ASSERT
2181   ResourceMark rm;
2182   const char* exception_name = _exception_type->as_C_string();
2183   Exceptions::debug_check_abort(exception_name, NULL);
2184 #endif // ndef ASSERT
2185 }
2186 
2187 void ClassVerifier::class_format_error(const char* msg, ...) {
2188   stringStream ss;
2189   _exception_type = vmSymbols::java_lang_ClassFormatError();
2190   va_list va;
2191   va_start(va, msg);
2192   ss.vprint(msg, va);
2193   va_end(va);
2194   if (!_method.is_null()) {
2195     ss.print(" in method %s", _method->name_and_sig_as_C_string());
2196   }
2197   _message = ss.as_string();
2198 }
2199 
2200 Klass* ClassVerifier::load_class(Symbol* name, TRAPS) {
2201   HandleMark hm(THREAD);
2202   // Get current loader and protection domain first.
2203   oop loader = current_class()->class_loader();
2204   oop protection_domain = current_class()->protection_domain();
2205 
2206   Klass* kls = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(
2207     name, Handle(THREAD, loader), Handle(THREAD, protection_domain),
2208     true, THREAD);
2209 
2210   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)) {
2211     InstanceKlass* cur_class = InstanceKlass::cast(current_class());
2212     Verifier::trace_class_resolution(kls, cur_class);
2213   }
2214   return kls;
2215 }
2216 
2217 bool ClassVerifier::is_protected_access(InstanceKlass* this_class,
2218                                         Klass* target_class,
2219                                         Symbol* field_name,
2220                                         Symbol* field_sig,
2221                                         bool is_method) {
2222   NoSafepointVerifier nosafepoint;
2223 
2224   // If target class isn't a super class of this class, we don't worry about this case
2225   if (!this_class->is_subclass_of(target_class)) {
2226     return false;
2227   }
2228   // Check if the specified method or field is protected
2229   InstanceKlass* target_instance = InstanceKlass::cast(target_class);
2230   fieldDescriptor fd;
2231   if (is_method) {
2232     Method* m = target_instance->uncached_lookup_method(field_name, field_sig, Klass::find_overpass);
2233     if (m != NULL && m->is_protected()) {
2234       if (!this_class->is_same_class_package(m->method_holder())) {
2235         return true;
2236       }
2237     }
2238   } else {
2239     Klass* member_klass = target_instance->find_field(field_name, field_sig, &fd);
2240     if (member_klass != NULL && fd.is_protected()) {
2241       if (!this_class->is_same_class_package(member_klass)) {
2242         return true;
2243       }
2244     }
2245   }
2246   return false;
2247 }
2248 
2249 void ClassVerifier::verify_ldc(
2250     int opcode, u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame,
2251     const constantPoolHandle& cp, u2 bci, TRAPS) {
2252   verify_cp_index(bci, cp, index, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2253   constantTag tag = cp->tag_at(index);
2254   unsigned int types;
2255   if (opcode == Bytecodes::_ldc || opcode == Bytecodes::_ldc_w) {
2256     if (!tag.is_unresolved_klass() && !tag.is_unresolved_value_type()) {
2257       types = (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Integer) | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Float)
2258             | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_String) | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Class)
2259             | (1 << SAFE_JVM_CONSTANT_Value)
2260             | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle) | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType);
2261       // Note:  The class file parser already verified the legality of
2262       // MethodHandle and MethodType constants.
2263       // Note: SAFE_JVM_CONSTANT_Value is used instead of JVM_CONSTANT_Value
2264       //       since JVM_CONSTANT_Value is an internally defined CP tag that is
2265       //       defined with a large value.  When shifting left JVM_CONSTANT_Value
2266       //       would overrun the width of types.
2267       verify_cp_type(bci, index, cp, types, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2268     }
2269   } else {
2270     assert(opcode == Bytecodes::_ldc2_w, "must be ldc2_w");
2271     types = (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Double) | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Long);
2272     verify_cp_type(bci, index, cp, types, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2273   }
2274   if (tag.is_string() && cp->is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
2275     current_frame->push_stack(object_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2276   } else if (tag.is_string()) {
2277     current_frame->push_stack(
2278       VerificationType::reference_type(
2279         vmSymbols::java_lang_String()), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2280   } else if (tag.is_klass() || tag.is_unresolved_klass() ||
2281              tag.is_value_type() || tag.is_unresolved_value_type()) {
2282     current_frame->push_stack(
2283       VerificationType::reference_type(
2284         vmSymbols::java_lang_Class()), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2285   } else if (tag.is_int()) {
2286     current_frame->push_stack(
2287       VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2288   } else if (tag.is_float()) {
2289     current_frame->push_stack(
2290       VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2291   } else if (tag.is_double()) {
2292     current_frame->push_stack_2(
2293       VerificationType::double_type(),
2294       VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2295   } else if (tag.is_long()) {
2296     current_frame->push_stack_2(
2297       VerificationType::long_type(),
2298       VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2299   } else if (tag.is_method_handle()) {
2300     current_frame->push_stack(
2301       VerificationType::reference_type(
2302         vmSymbols::java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle()), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2303   } else if (tag.is_method_type()) {
2304     current_frame->push_stack(
2305       VerificationType::reference_type(
2306         vmSymbols::java_lang_invoke_MethodType()), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2307   } else {
2308     /* Unreachable? verify_cp_type has already validated the cp type. */
2309     verify_error(
2310         ErrorContext::bad_cp_index(bci, index), "Invalid index in ldc");
2311     return;
2312   }
2313 }
2314 
2315 void ClassVerifier::verify_switch(
2316     RawBytecodeStream* bcs, u4 code_length, char* code_data,
2317     StackMapFrame* current_frame, StackMapTable* stackmap_table, TRAPS) {
2318   int bci = bcs->bci();
2319   address bcp = bcs->bcp();
2320   address aligned_bcp = align_up(bcp + 1, jintSize);
2321 
2322   if (_klass->major_version() < NONZERO_PADDING_BYTES_IN_SWITCH_MAJOR_VERSION) {
2323     // 4639449 & 4647081: padding bytes must be 0
2324     u2 padding_offset = 1;
2325     while ((bcp + padding_offset) < aligned_bcp) {
2326       if(*(bcp + padding_offset) != 0) {
2327         verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2328                      "Nonzero padding byte in lookupswitch or tableswitch");
2329         return;
2330       }
2331       padding_offset++;
2332     }
2333   }
2334 
2335   int default_offset = (int) Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp);
2336   int keys, delta;
2337   current_frame->pop_stack(
2338     VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2339   if (bcs->raw_code() == Bytecodes::_tableswitch) {
2340     jint low = (jint)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + jintSize);
2341     jint high = (jint)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + 2*jintSize);
2342     if (low > high) {
2343       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2344           "low must be less than or equal to high in tableswitch");
2345       return;
2346     }
2347     keys = high - low + 1;
2348     if (keys < 0) {
2349       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci), "too many keys in tableswitch");
2350       return;
2351     }
2352     delta = 1;
2353   } else {
2354     keys = (int)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + jintSize);
2355     if (keys < 0) {
2356       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2357                    "number of keys in lookupswitch less than 0");
2358       return;
2359     }
2360     delta = 2;
2361     // Make sure that the lookupswitch items are sorted
2362     for (int i = 0; i < (keys - 1); i++) {
2363       jint this_key = Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + (2+2*i)*jintSize);
2364       jint next_key = Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + (2+2*i+2)*jintSize);
2365       if (this_key >= next_key) {
2366         verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2367                      "Bad lookupswitch instruction");
2368         return;
2369       }
2370     }
2371   }
2372   int target = bci + default_offset;
2373   stackmap_table->check_jump_target(current_frame, target, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2374   for (int i = 0; i < keys; i++) {
2375     // Because check_jump_target() may safepoint, the bytecode could have
2376     // moved, which means 'aligned_bcp' is no good and needs to be recalculated.
2377     aligned_bcp = align_up(bcs->bcp() + 1, jintSize);
2378     target = bci + (jint)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp+(3+i*delta)*jintSize);
2379     stackmap_table->check_jump_target(
2380       current_frame, target, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2381   }
2382   NOT_PRODUCT(aligned_bcp = NULL);  // no longer valid at this point
2383 }
2384 
2385 bool ClassVerifier::name_in_supers(
2386     Symbol* ref_name, InstanceKlass* current) {
2387   Klass* super = current->super();
2388   while (super != NULL) {
2389     if (super->name() == ref_name) {
2390       return true;
2391     }
2392     super = super->super();
2393   }
2394   return false;
2395 }
2396 
2397 void ClassVerifier::verify_field_instructions(RawBytecodeStream* bcs,
2398                                               StackMapFrame* current_frame,
2399                                               const constantPoolHandle& cp,
2400                                               bool allow_arrays,
2401                                               TRAPS) {
2402   u2 index = bcs->get_index_u2();
2403   verify_cp_type(bcs->bci(), index, cp,
2404       1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2405 
2406   // Get field name and signature
2407   Symbol* field_name = cp->name_ref_at(index);
2408   Symbol* field_sig = cp->signature_ref_at(index);
2409 
2410   if (!SignatureVerifier::is_valid_type_signature(field_sig)) {
2411     class_format_error(
2412       "Invalid signature for field in class %s referenced "
2413       "from constant pool index %d", _klass->external_name(), index);
2414     return;
2415   }
2416 
2417   // Get referenced class or value type
2418   constantTag field_class_tag = cp->tag_at(cp->klass_ref_index_at(index));
2419   VerificationType ref_class_type;
2420   
2421   // getfield is overloaded to allow for either a reference or value type
2422   if (bcs->raw_code() == Bytecodes::_getfield &&
2423       (EnableMVT || EnableValhalla) &&
2424       (field_class_tag.is_value_type() || field_class_tag.is_unresolved_value_type())) {
2425     ref_class_type = cp_value_index_to_type(index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2426     if (!ref_class_type.is_valuetype()) {
2427       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bcs->bci(),
2428           TypeOrigin::cp(index, ref_class_type)),
2429           "Expecting reference to value type in class %s at constant pool index %d",
2430           _klass->external_name(), index);
2431       return;
2432     }
2433   } else {
2434     ref_class_type = cp_ref_index_to_type(index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2435     if (!ref_class_type.is_object() &&
2436         (!allow_arrays || !ref_class_type.is_array())) {
2437       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bcs->bci(),
2438           TypeOrigin::cp(index, ref_class_type)),
2439           "Expecting reference to class in class %s at constant pool index %d",
2440           _klass->external_name(), index);
2441       return;
2442     }
2443   }
2444 
2445   VerificationType target_class_type = ref_class_type;
2446 
2447   assert(sizeof(VerificationType) == sizeof(uintptr_t),
2448         "buffer type must match VerificationType size");
2449   uintptr_t field_type_buffer[2];
2450   VerificationType* field_type = (VerificationType*)field_type_buffer;
2451   // If we make a VerificationType[2] array directly, the compiler calls
2452   // to the c-runtime library to do the allocation instead of just
2453   // stack allocating it.  Plus it would run constructors.  This shows up
2454   // in performance profiles.
2455 
2456   SignatureStream sig_stream(field_sig, false);
2457   VerificationType stack_object_type;
2458   int n = change_sig_to_verificationType(
2459     &sig_stream, field_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2460   u2 bci = bcs->bci();
2461   bool is_assignable;
2462   switch (bcs->raw_code()) {
2463     case Bytecodes::_getstatic: {
2464       for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
2465         current_frame->push_stack(field_type[i], CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2466       }
2467       break;
2468     }
2469     case Bytecodes::_putstatic: {
2470       for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
2471         current_frame->pop_stack(field_type[i], CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2472       }
2473       break;
2474     }
2475     case Bytecodes::_getfield: {
2476       stack_object_type = current_frame->pop_stack(
2477         target_class_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2478       for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
2479         current_frame->push_stack(field_type[i], CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2480       }
2481       goto check_protected;
2482     }
2483     case Bytecodes::_putfield: {
2484       for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
2485         current_frame->pop_stack(field_type[i], CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2486       }
2487       stack_object_type = current_frame->pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2488 
2489       // The JVMS 2nd edition allows field initialization before the superclass
2490       // initializer, if the field is defined within the current class.
2491       fieldDescriptor fd;
2492       if (stack_object_type == VerificationType::uninitialized_this_type() &&
2493           target_class_type.equals(current_type()) &&
2494           _klass->find_local_field(field_name, field_sig, &fd)) {
2495         stack_object_type = current_type();
2496       }
2497       is_assignable = target_class_type.is_assignable_from(
2498         stack_object_type, this, false, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2499       if (!is_assignable) {
2500         verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
2501             current_frame->stack_top_ctx(),
2502             TypeOrigin::cp(index, target_class_type)),
2503             "Bad type on operand stack in putfield");
2504         return;
2505       }
2506     }
2507     check_protected: {
2508       if (_this_type == stack_object_type)
2509         break; // stack_object_type must be assignable to _current_class_type
2510       if (was_recursively_verified()) return;
2511       Symbol* ref_class_name =
2512         cp->klass_name_at(cp->klass_ref_index_at(index));
2513       if (!name_in_supers(ref_class_name, current_class()))
2514         // stack_object_type must be assignable to _current_class_type since:
2515         // 1. stack_object_type must be assignable to ref_class.
2516         // 2. ref_class must be _current_class or a subclass of it. It can't
2517         //    be a superclass of it. See revised JVMS 5.4.4.
2518         break;
2519 
2520       Klass* ref_class_oop = load_class(ref_class_name, CHECK);
2521       if (is_protected_access(current_class(), ref_class_oop, field_name,
2522                               field_sig, false)) {
2523         // It's protected access, check if stack object is assignable to
2524         // current class.
2525         is_assignable = current_type().is_assignable_from(
2526           stack_object_type, this, true, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2527         if (!is_assignable) {
2528           verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
2529               current_frame->stack_top_ctx(),
2530               TypeOrigin::implicit(current_type())),
2531               "Bad access to protected data in getfield");
2532           return;
2533         }
2534       }
2535       break;
2536     }
2537     default: ShouldNotReachHere();
2538   }
2539 }
2540 
2541 void ClassVerifier::verify_vwithfield(RawBytecodeStream* bcs,
2542                                       StackMapFrame* current_frame,
2543                                       const constantPoolHandle& cp,
2544                                       TRAPS) {
2545   u2 index = bcs->get_index_u2();
2546   verify_cp_type(bcs->bci(), index, cp,
2547       1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2548 
2549   // Get field name and signature
2550   Symbol* field_name = cp->name_ref_at(index);
2551   Symbol* field_sig = cp->signature_ref_at(index);
2552 
2553   if (!SignatureVerifier::is_valid_type_signature(field_sig)) {
2554     class_format_error(
2555       "Invalid signature for field in value type %s referenced "
2556       "from constant pool index %d", _klass->external_name(), index);
2557     return;
2558   }
2559 
2560   // Check referenced value type
2561   VerificationType ref_value_type = cp_value_index_to_type(
2562     index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2563   if (!ref_value_type.is_valuetype()) {
2564     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bcs->bci(),
2565         TypeOrigin::cp(index, ref_value_type)),
2566         "Expecting reference to value type in class %s at constant pool index %d",
2567         _klass->external_name(), index);
2568     return;
2569   }
2570   VerificationType target_value_type = ref_value_type;
2571 
2572   assert(sizeof(VerificationType) == sizeof(uintptr_t),
2573         "buffer type must match VerificationType size");
2574   uintptr_t field_type_buffer[2];
2575   VerificationType* field_type = (VerificationType*)field_type_buffer;
2576   // If we make a VerificationType[2] array directly, the compiler calls
2577   // to the c-runtime library to do the allocation instead of just
2578   // stack allocating it.  Plus it would run constructors.  This shows up
2579   // in performance profiles.
2580 
2581   SignatureStream sig_stream(field_sig, false);
2582   int n = change_sig_to_verificationType(
2583     &sig_stream, field_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2584   u2 bci = bcs->bci();
2585 
2586   // The type of value2 must be compatible with the descriptor of the referenced field.
2587   // n could be 2 if it is a double or long.
2588   for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
2589    current_frame->pop_stack(field_type[i], CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2590   }
2591 
2592   // The type of value1 must be the direct value class type appearing in the field reference.
2593   VerificationType stack_object_type = current_frame->pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2594 
2595   bool is_assignable = target_value_type.is_assignable_from(
2596                          stack_object_type, this, false, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2597   if (!is_assignable) {
2598     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
2599                  current_frame->stack_top_ctx(),
2600                  TypeOrigin::cp(index, target_value_type)),
2601                  "Bad type on operand stack in vwithfield");
2602     return;
2603   }
2604 
2605   // The derived value class instance from another, modifying a field
2606   current_frame->push_stack(stack_object_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2607 }
2608 
2609 // Look at the method's handlers.  If the bci is in the handler's try block
2610 // then check if the handler_pc is already on the stack.  If not, push it
2611 // unless the handler has already been scanned.
2612 void ClassVerifier::push_handlers(ExceptionTable* exhandlers,
2613                                   GrowableArray<u4>* handler_list,
2614                                   GrowableArray<u4>* handler_stack,
2615                                   u4 bci) {
2616   int exlength = exhandlers->length();
2617   for(int x = 0; x < exlength; x++) {
2618     if (bci >= exhandlers->start_pc(x) && bci < exhandlers->end_pc(x)) {
2619       u4 exhandler_pc = exhandlers->handler_pc(x);
2620       if (!handler_list->contains(exhandler_pc)) {
2621         handler_stack->append_if_missing(exhandler_pc);
2622         handler_list->append(exhandler_pc);
2623       }
2624     }
2625   }
2626 }
2627 
2628 // Return TRUE if all code paths starting with start_bc_offset end in
2629 // bytecode athrow or loop.
2630 bool ClassVerifier::ends_in_athrow(u4 start_bc_offset) {
2631   ResourceMark rm;
2632   // Create bytecode stream.
2633   RawBytecodeStream bcs(method());
2634   u4 code_length = method()->code_size();
2635   bcs.set_start(start_bc_offset);
2636   u4 target;
2637   // Create stack for storing bytecode start offsets for if* and *switch.
2638   GrowableArray<u4>* bci_stack = new GrowableArray<u4>(30);
2639   // Create stack for handlers for try blocks containing this handler.
2640   GrowableArray<u4>* handler_stack = new GrowableArray<u4>(30);
2641   // Create list of handlers that have been pushed onto the handler_stack
2642   // so that handlers embedded inside of their own TRY blocks only get
2643   // scanned once.
2644   GrowableArray<u4>* handler_list = new GrowableArray<u4>(30);
2645   // Create list of visited branch opcodes (goto* and if*).
2646   GrowableArray<u4>* visited_branches = new GrowableArray<u4>(30);
2647   ExceptionTable exhandlers(_method());
2648 
2649   while (true) {
2650     if (bcs.is_last_bytecode()) {
2651       // if no more starting offsets to parse or if at the end of the
2652       // method then return false.
2653       if ((bci_stack->is_empty()) || ((u4)bcs.end_bci() == code_length))
2654         return false;
2655       // Pop a bytecode starting offset and scan from there.
2656       bcs.set_start(bci_stack->pop());
2657     }
2658     Bytecodes::Code opcode = bcs.raw_next();
2659     u4 bci = bcs.bci();
2660 
2661     // If the bytecode is in a TRY block, push its handlers so they
2662     // will get parsed.
2663     push_handlers(&exhandlers, handler_list, handler_stack, bci);
2664 
2665     switch (opcode) {
2666       case Bytecodes::_if_icmpeq:
2667       case Bytecodes::_if_icmpne:
2668       case Bytecodes::_if_icmplt:
2669       case Bytecodes::_if_icmpge:
2670       case Bytecodes::_if_icmpgt:
2671       case Bytecodes::_if_icmple:
2672       case Bytecodes::_ifeq:
2673       case Bytecodes::_ifne:
2674       case Bytecodes::_iflt:
2675       case Bytecodes::_ifge:
2676       case Bytecodes::_ifgt:
2677       case Bytecodes::_ifle:
2678       case Bytecodes::_if_acmpeq:
2679       case Bytecodes::_if_acmpne:
2680       case Bytecodes::_ifnull:
2681       case Bytecodes::_ifnonnull:
2682         target = bcs.dest();
2683         if (visited_branches->contains(bci)) {
2684           if (bci_stack->is_empty()) {
2685             if (handler_stack->is_empty()) {
2686               return true;
2687             } else {
2688               // Parse the catch handlers for try blocks containing athrow.
2689               bcs.set_start(handler_stack->pop());
2690             }
2691           } else {
2692             // Pop a bytecode starting offset and scan from there.
2693             bcs.set_start(bci_stack->pop());
2694           }
2695         } else {
2696           if (target > bci) { // forward branch
2697             if (target >= code_length) return false;
2698             // Push the branch target onto the stack.
2699             bci_stack->push(target);
2700             // then, scan bytecodes starting with next.
2701             bcs.set_start(bcs.next_bci());
2702           } else { // backward branch
2703             // Push bytecode offset following backward branch onto the stack.
2704             bci_stack->push(bcs.next_bci());
2705             // Check bytecodes starting with branch target.
2706             bcs.set_start(target);
2707           }
2708           // Record target so we don't branch here again.
2709           visited_branches->append(bci);
2710         }
2711         break;
2712 
2713       case Bytecodes::_goto:
2714       case Bytecodes::_goto_w:
2715         target = (opcode == Bytecodes::_goto ? bcs.dest() : bcs.dest_w());
2716         if (visited_branches->contains(bci)) {
2717           if (bci_stack->is_empty()) {
2718             if (handler_stack->is_empty()) {
2719               return true;
2720             } else {
2721               // Parse the catch handlers for try blocks containing athrow.
2722               bcs.set_start(handler_stack->pop());
2723             }
2724           } else {
2725             // Been here before, pop new starting offset from stack.
2726             bcs.set_start(bci_stack->pop());
2727           }
2728         } else {
2729           if (target >= code_length) return false;
2730           // Continue scanning from the target onward.
2731           bcs.set_start(target);
2732           // Record target so we don't branch here again.
2733           visited_branches->append(bci);
2734         }
2735         break;
2736 
2737       // Check that all switch alternatives end in 'athrow' bytecodes. Since it
2738       // is  difficult to determine where each switch alternative ends, parse
2739       // each switch alternative until either hit a 'return', 'athrow', or reach
2740       // the end of the method's bytecodes.  This is gross but should be okay
2741       // because:
2742       // 1. tableswitch and lookupswitch byte codes in handlers for ctor explicit
2743       //    constructor invocations should be rare.
2744       // 2. if each switch alternative ends in an athrow then the parsing should be
2745       //    short.  If there is no athrow then it is bogus code, anyway.
2746       case Bytecodes::_lookupswitch:
2747       case Bytecodes::_tableswitch:
2748         {
2749           address aligned_bcp = align_up(bcs.bcp() + 1, jintSize);
2750           u4 default_offset = Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp) + bci;
2751           int keys, delta;
2752           if (opcode == Bytecodes::_tableswitch) {
2753             jint low = (jint)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + jintSize);
2754             jint high = (jint)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + 2*jintSize);
2755             // This is invalid, but let the regular bytecode verifier
2756             // report this because the user will get a better error message.
2757             if (low > high) return true;
2758             keys = high - low + 1;
2759             delta = 1;
2760           } else {
2761             keys = (int)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp + jintSize);
2762             delta = 2;
2763           }
2764           // Invalid, let the regular bytecode verifier deal with it.
2765           if (keys < 0) return true;
2766 
2767           // Push the offset of the next bytecode onto the stack.
2768           bci_stack->push(bcs.next_bci());
2769 
2770           // Push the switch alternatives onto the stack.
2771           for (int i = 0; i < keys; i++) {
2772             u4 target = bci + (jint)Bytes::get_Java_u4(aligned_bcp+(3+i*delta)*jintSize);
2773             if (target > code_length) return false;
2774             bci_stack->push(target);
2775           }
2776 
2777           // Start bytecode parsing for the switch at the default alternative.
2778           if (default_offset > code_length) return false;
2779           bcs.set_start(default_offset);
2780           break;
2781         }
2782 
2783       case Bytecodes::_return:
2784         return false;
2785 
2786       case Bytecodes::_athrow:
2787         {
2788           if (bci_stack->is_empty()) {
2789             if (handler_stack->is_empty()) {
2790               return true;
2791             } else {
2792               // Parse the catch handlers for try blocks containing athrow.
2793               bcs.set_start(handler_stack->pop());
2794             }
2795           } else {
2796             // Pop a bytecode offset and starting scanning from there.
2797             bcs.set_start(bci_stack->pop());
2798           }
2799         }
2800         break;
2801 
2802       default:
2803         ;
2804     } // end switch
2805   } // end while loop
2806 
2807   return false;
2808 }
2809 
2810 void ClassVerifier::verify_invoke_init(
2811     RawBytecodeStream* bcs, u2 ref_class_index, VerificationType ref_class_type,
2812     StackMapFrame* current_frame, u4 code_length, bool in_try_block,
2813     bool *this_uninit, const constantPoolHandle& cp, StackMapTable* stackmap_table,
2814     TRAPS) {
2815   u2 bci = bcs->bci();
2816   VerificationType type = current_frame->pop_stack(
2817     VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2818   if (type == VerificationType::uninitialized_this_type()) {
2819     // The method must be an <init> method of this class or its superclass
2820     Klass* superk = current_class()->super();
2821     if (ref_class_type.name() != current_class()->name() &&
2822         ref_class_type.name() != superk->name()) {
2823       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
2824           TypeOrigin::implicit(ref_class_type),
2825           TypeOrigin::implicit(current_type())),
2826           "Bad <init> method call");
2827       return;
2828     }
2829 
2830     // If this invokespecial call is done from inside of a TRY block then make
2831     // sure that all catch clause paths end in a throw.  Otherwise, this can
2832     // result in returning an incomplete object.
2833     if (in_try_block) {
2834       ExceptionTable exhandlers(_method());
2835       int exlength = exhandlers.length();
2836       for(int i = 0; i < exlength; i++) {
2837         u2 start_pc = exhandlers.start_pc(i);
2838         u2 end_pc = exhandlers.end_pc(i);
2839 
2840         if (bci >= start_pc && bci < end_pc) {
2841           if (!ends_in_athrow(exhandlers.handler_pc(i))) {
2842             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
2843               "Bad <init> method call from after the start of a try block");
2844             return;
2845           } else if (log_is_enabled(Info, verification)) {
2846             ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
2847             log_info(verification)("Survived call to ends_in_athrow(): %s",
2848                                           current_class()->name()->as_C_string());
2849           }
2850         }
2851       }
2852 
2853       // Check the exception handler target stackmaps with the locals from the
2854       // incoming stackmap (before initialize_object() changes them to outgoing
2855       // state).
2856       if (was_recursively_verified()) return;
2857       verify_exception_handler_targets(bci, true, current_frame,
2858                                        stackmap_table, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2859     } // in_try_block
2860 
2861     current_frame->initialize_object(type, current_type());
2862     *this_uninit = true;
2863   } else if (type.is_uninitialized()) {
2864     u2 new_offset = type.bci();
2865     address new_bcp = bcs->bcp() - bci + new_offset;
2866     if (new_offset > (code_length - 3) || (*new_bcp) != Bytecodes::_new) {
2867       /* Unreachable?  Stack map parsing ensures valid type and new
2868        * instructions have a valid BCI. */
2869       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(new_offset),
2870                    "Expecting new instruction");
2871       return;
2872     }
2873     u2 new_class_index = Bytes::get_Java_u2(new_bcp + 1);
2874     if (was_recursively_verified()) return;
2875     verify_cp_class_type(bci, new_class_index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2876 
2877     // The method must be an <init> method of the indicated class
2878     VerificationType new_class_type = cp_index_to_reference_type(
2879       new_class_index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2880     if (!new_class_type.equals(ref_class_type)) {
2881       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
2882           TypeOrigin::cp(new_class_index, new_class_type),
2883           TypeOrigin::cp(ref_class_index, ref_class_type)),
2884           "Call to wrong <init> method");
2885       return;
2886     }
2887     // According to the VM spec, if the referent class is a superclass of the
2888     // current class, and is in a different runtime package, and the method is
2889     // protected, then the objectref must be the current class or a subclass
2890     // of the current class.
2891     VerificationType objectref_type = new_class_type;
2892     if (name_in_supers(ref_class_type.name(), current_class())) {
2893       Klass* ref_klass = load_class(ref_class_type.name(), CHECK);
2894       if (was_recursively_verified()) return;
2895       Method* m = InstanceKlass::cast(ref_klass)->uncached_lookup_method(
2896         vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(),
2897         cp->signature_ref_at(bcs->get_index_u2()),
2898         Klass::find_overpass);
2899       // Do nothing if method is not found.  Let resolution detect the error.
2900       if (m != NULL) {
2901         InstanceKlass* mh = m->method_holder();
2902         if (m->is_protected() && !mh->is_same_class_package(_klass)) {
2903           bool assignable = current_type().is_assignable_from(
2904             objectref_type, this, true, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2905           if (!assignable) {
2906             verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
2907                 TypeOrigin::cp(new_class_index, objectref_type),
2908                 TypeOrigin::implicit(current_type())),
2909                 "Bad access to protected <init> method");
2910             return;
2911           }
2912         }
2913       }
2914     }
2915     // Check the exception handler target stackmaps with the locals from the
2916     // incoming stackmap (before initialize_object() changes them to outgoing
2917     // state).
2918     if (in_try_block) {
2919       if (was_recursively_verified()) return;
2920       verify_exception_handler_targets(bci, *this_uninit, current_frame,
2921                                        stackmap_table, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2922     }
2923     current_frame->initialize_object(type, new_class_type);
2924   } else {
2925     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci, current_frame->stack_top_ctx()),
2926         "Bad operand type when invoking <init>");
2927     return;
2928   }
2929 }
2930 
2931 bool ClassVerifier::is_same_or_direct_interface(
2932     InstanceKlass* klass,
2933     VerificationType klass_type,
2934     VerificationType ref_class_type) {
2935   if (ref_class_type.equals(klass_type)) return true;
2936   Array<Klass*>* local_interfaces = klass->local_interfaces();
2937   if (local_interfaces != NULL) {
2938     for (int x = 0; x < local_interfaces->length(); x++) {
2939       Klass* k = local_interfaces->at(x);
2940       assert (k != NULL && k->is_interface(), "invalid interface");
2941       if (ref_class_type.equals(VerificationType::reference_type(k->name()))) {
2942         return true;
2943       }
2944     }
2945   }
2946   return false;
2947 }
2948 
2949 void ClassVerifier::verify_invoke_instructions(
2950     RawBytecodeStream* bcs, u4 code_length, StackMapFrame* current_frame,
2951     bool in_try_block, bool *this_uninit, VerificationType return_type,
2952     const constantPoolHandle& cp, StackMapTable* stackmap_table, TRAPS) {
2953   // Make sure the constant pool item is the right type
2954   u2 index = bcs->get_index_u2();
2955   Bytecodes::Code opcode = bcs->raw_code();
2956   unsigned int types;
2957   switch (opcode) {
2958     case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface:
2959       types = 1 << JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref;
2960       break;
2961     case Bytecodes::_invokedynamic:
2962       types = 1 << JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic;
2963       break;
2964     case Bytecodes::_invokespecial:
2965     case Bytecodes::_invokestatic:
2966       types = (_klass->major_version() < STATIC_METHOD_IN_INTERFACE_MAJOR_VERSION) ?
2967         (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref) :
2968         ((1 << JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref) | (1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref));
2969       break;
2970     default:
2971       types = 1 << JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref;
2972   }
2973   verify_cp_type(bcs->bci(), index, cp, types, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
2974 
2975   // Get method name and signature
2976   Symbol* method_name = cp->name_ref_at(index);
2977   Symbol* method_sig = cp->signature_ref_at(index);
2978 
2979   if (!SignatureVerifier::is_valid_method_signature(method_sig)) {
2980     class_format_error(
2981       "Invalid method signature in class %s referenced "
2982       "from constant pool index %d", _klass->external_name(), index);
2983     return;
2984   }
2985 
2986   // Get referenced class or value type
2987   VerificationType ref_class_type;
2988   if (opcode == Bytecodes::_invokedynamic) {
2989     if (_klass->major_version() < Verifier::INVOKEDYNAMIC_MAJOR_VERSION) {
2990       class_format_error(
2991         "invokedynamic instructions not supported by this class file version (%d), class %s",
2992         _klass->major_version(), _klass->external_name());
2993       return;
2994     }
2995   } else {
2996     constantTag method_class_tag = cp->tag_at(cp->klass_ref_index_at(index));
2997     if (EnableValhalla &&
2998         opcode == Bytecodes::_invokevirtual &&
2999         (method_class_tag.is_value_type() || method_class_tag.is_unresolved_value_type())) {
3000       ref_class_type = cp_value_index_to_type(index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3001     } else {
3002       ref_class_type = cp_ref_index_to_type(index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3003     }
3004   }
3005 
3006   // For a small signature length, we just allocate 128 bytes instead
3007   // of parsing the signature once to find its size.
3008   // -3 is for '(', ')' and return descriptor; multiply by 2 is for
3009   // longs/doubles to be consertive.
3010   assert(sizeof(VerificationType) == sizeof(uintptr_t),
3011         "buffer type must match VerificationType size");
3012   uintptr_t on_stack_sig_types_buffer[128];
3013   // If we make a VerificationType[128] array directly, the compiler calls
3014   // to the c-runtime library to do the allocation instead of just
3015   // stack allocating it.  Plus it would run constructors.  This shows up
3016   // in performance profiles.
3017 
3018   VerificationType* sig_types;
3019   int size = (method_sig->utf8_length() - 3) * 2;
3020   if (size > 128) {
3021     // Long and double occupies two slots here.
3022     ArgumentSizeComputer size_it(method_sig);
3023     size = size_it.size();
3024     sig_types = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, VerificationType, size);
3025   } else{
3026     sig_types = (VerificationType*)on_stack_sig_types_buffer;
3027   }
3028   SignatureStream sig_stream(method_sig);
3029   int sig_i = 0;
3030   while (!sig_stream.at_return_type()) {
3031     sig_i += change_sig_to_verificationType(
3032       &sig_stream, &sig_types[sig_i], CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3033     sig_stream.next();
3034   }
3035   int nargs = sig_i;
3036 
3037 #ifdef ASSERT
3038   {
3039     ArgumentSizeComputer size_it(method_sig);
3040     assert(nargs == size_it.size(), "Argument sizes do not match");
3041     assert(nargs <= (method_sig->utf8_length() - 3) * 2, "estimate of max size isn't conservative enough");
3042   }
3043 #endif
3044 
3045   // Check instruction operands
3046   u2 bci = bcs->bci();
3047   if (opcode == Bytecodes::_invokeinterface) {
3048     address bcp = bcs->bcp();
3049     // 4905268: count operand in invokeinterface should be nargs+1, not nargs.
3050     // JSR202 spec: The count operand of an invokeinterface instruction is valid if it is
3051     // the difference between the size of the operand stack before and after the instruction
3052     // executes.
3053     if (*(bcp+3) != (nargs+1)) {
3054       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
3055           "Inconsistent args count operand in invokeinterface");
3056       return;
3057     }
3058     if (*(bcp+4) != 0) {
3059       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
3060           "Fourth operand byte of invokeinterface must be zero");
3061       return;
3062     }
3063   }
3064 
3065   if (opcode == Bytecodes::_invokedynamic) {
3066     address bcp = bcs->bcp();
3067     if (*(bcp+3) != 0 || *(bcp+4) != 0) {
3068       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
3069           "Third and fourth operand bytes of invokedynamic must be zero");
3070       return;
3071     }
3072   }
3073 
3074   if (method_name->byte_at(0) == '<') {
3075     // Make sure <init> can only be invoked by invokespecial
3076     if (opcode != Bytecodes::_invokespecial ||
3077         method_name != vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
3078       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
3079           "Illegal call to internal method");
3080       return;
3081     }
3082   } else if (opcode == Bytecodes::_invokespecial
3083              && !is_same_or_direct_interface(current_class(), current_type(), ref_class_type)
3084              && !ref_class_type.equals(VerificationType::reference_type(
3085                   current_class()->super()->name()))) {
3086     bool subtype = false;
3087     bool have_imr_indirect = cp->tag_at(index).value() == JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref;
3088     if (!current_class()->is_anonymous()) {
3089       subtype = ref_class_type.is_assignable_from(
3090                  current_type(), this, false, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3091     } else {
3092       VerificationType host_klass_type =
3093                         VerificationType::reference_type(current_class()->host_klass()->name());
3094       subtype = ref_class_type.is_assignable_from(host_klass_type, this, false, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3095 
3096       // If invokespecial of IMR, need to recheck for same or
3097       // direct interface relative to the host class
3098       have_imr_indirect = (have_imr_indirect &&
3099                            !is_same_or_direct_interface(
3100                              current_class()->host_klass(),
3101                              host_klass_type, ref_class_type));
3102     }
3103     if (!subtype) {
3104       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
3105           "Bad invokespecial instruction: "
3106           "current class isn't assignable to reference class.");
3107        return;
3108     } else if (have_imr_indirect) {
3109       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
3110           "Bad invokespecial instruction: "
3111           "interface method reference is in an indirect superinterface.");
3112       return;
3113     }
3114 
3115   }
3116   // Match method descriptor with operand stack
3117   for (int i = nargs - 1; i >= 0; i--) {  // Run backwards
3118     current_frame->pop_stack(sig_types[i], CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3119   }
3120   // Check objectref on operand stack
3121   if (opcode != Bytecodes::_invokestatic &&
3122       opcode != Bytecodes::_invokedynamic) {
3123     if (method_name == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {  // <init> method
3124       verify_invoke_init(bcs, index, ref_class_type, current_frame,
3125         code_length, in_try_block, this_uninit, cp, stackmap_table,
3126         CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3127       if (was_recursively_verified()) return;
3128     } else {   // other methods
3129       // Ensures that target class is assignable to method class.
3130       if (opcode == Bytecodes::_invokespecial) {
3131         if (!current_class()->is_anonymous()) {
3132           current_frame->pop_stack(current_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3133         } else {
3134           // anonymous class invokespecial calls: check if the
3135           // objectref is a subtype of the host_klass of the current class
3136           // to allow an anonymous class to reference methods in the host_klass
3137           VerificationType top = current_frame->pop_stack(CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3138           VerificationType hosttype =
3139             VerificationType::reference_type(current_class()->host_klass()->name());
3140           bool subtype = hosttype.is_assignable_from(top, this, false, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3141           if (!subtype) {
3142             verify_error( ErrorContext::bad_type(current_frame->offset(),
3143               current_frame->stack_top_ctx(),
3144               TypeOrigin::implicit(top)),
3145               "Bad type on operand stack");
3146             return;
3147           }
3148         }
3149       } else if (opcode == Bytecodes::_invokevirtual) {
3150         VerificationType stack_object_type =
3151           current_frame->pop_stack(ref_class_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3152         if (current_type() != stack_object_type) {
3153           if (was_recursively_verified()) return;
3154           assert(cp->cache() == NULL, "not rewritten yet");
3155           Symbol* ref_class_name =
3156             cp->klass_name_at(cp->klass_ref_index_at(index));
3157           // See the comments in verify_field_instructions() for
3158           // the rationale behind this.
3159           if (name_in_supers(ref_class_name, current_class())) {
3160             Klass* ref_class = load_class(ref_class_name, CHECK);
3161             if (is_protected_access(
3162                   _klass, ref_class, method_name, method_sig, true)) {
3163               // It's protected access, check if stack object is
3164               // assignable to current class.
3165               bool is_assignable = current_type().is_assignable_from(
3166                 stack_object_type, this, true, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3167               if (!is_assignable) {
3168                 if (ref_class_type.name() == vmSymbols::java_lang_Object()
3169                     && stack_object_type.is_array()
3170                     && method_name == vmSymbols::clone_name()) {
3171                   // Special case: arrays pretend to implement public Object
3172                   // clone().
3173                 } else {
3174                   verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
3175                       current_frame->stack_top_ctx(),
3176                       TypeOrigin::implicit(current_type())),
3177                       "Bad access to protected data in invokevirtual");
3178                   return;
3179                 }
3180               }
3181             }
3182           }
3183         }
3184       } else {
3185         assert(opcode == Bytecodes::_invokeinterface, "Unexpected opcode encountered");
3186         current_frame->pop_stack(ref_class_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3187       }
3188     }
3189   }
3190   // Push the result type.
3191   if (sig_stream.type() != T_VOID) {
3192     if (method_name == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
3193       // <init> method must have a void return type
3194       /* Unreachable?  Class file parser verifies that methods with '<' have
3195        * void return */
3196       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
3197           "Return type must be void in <init> method");
3198       return;
3199     }
3200     VerificationType return_type[2];
3201     int n = change_sig_to_verificationType(
3202       &sig_stream, return_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3203     for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
3204       current_frame->push_stack(return_type[i], CHECK_VERIFY(this)); // push types backwards
3205     }
3206   }
3207 }
3208 
3209 VerificationType ClassVerifier::get_newarray_type(
3210     u2 index, u2 bci, TRAPS) {
3211   const char* from_bt[] = {
3212     NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, "[Z", "[C", "[F", "[D", "[B", "[S", "[I", "[J",
3213   };
3214   if (index < T_BOOLEAN || index > T_LONG) {
3215     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci), "Illegal newarray instruction");
3216     return VerificationType::bogus_type();
3217   }
3218 
3219   // from_bt[index] contains the array signature which has a length of 2
3220   Symbol* sig = create_temporary_symbol(
3221     from_bt[index], 2, CHECK_(VerificationType::bogus_type()));
3222   return VerificationType::reference_type(sig);
3223 }
3224 
3225 void ClassVerifier::verify_anewarray(
3226     u2 bci, u2 index, const constantPoolHandle& cp,
3227     StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
3228   verify_cp_class_or_value_type(bci, index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3229   current_frame->pop_stack(
3230     VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3231 
3232   if (was_recursively_verified()) return;
3233   constantTag class_tag = cp->tag_at(index);
3234   VerificationType component_type;
3235   if (class_tag.is_value_type() || class_tag.is_unresolved_value_type()) {
3236     component_type = cp_index_to_valuetype(index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3237   } else {
3238     component_type = cp_index_to_reference_type(index, cp, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3239   }
3240   int length;
3241   char* arr_sig_str;
3242   if (component_type.is_array()) {     // it's an array
3243     const char* component_name = component_type.name()->as_utf8();
3244     // Check for more than MAX_ARRAY_DIMENSIONS
3245     length = (int)strlen(component_name);
3246     if (length > MAX_ARRAY_DIMENSIONS &&
3247         component_name[MAX_ARRAY_DIMENSIONS - 1] == '[') {
3248       verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_code(bci),
3249         "Illegal anewarray instruction, array has more than 255 dimensions");
3250     }
3251     // add one dimension to component
3252     length++;
3253     arr_sig_str = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, char, length);
3254     arr_sig_str[0] = '[';
3255     strncpy(&arr_sig_str[1], component_name, length - 1);
3256   } else {         // it's an object or interface
3257     const char* component_name = component_type.name()->as_utf8();
3258     // add one dimension to component with 'L' or 'Q' (value type) prepended and ';' appended.
3259     length = (int)strlen(component_name) + 3;
3260     arr_sig_str = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY_IN_THREAD(THREAD, char, length);
3261     arr_sig_str[0] = '[';
3262     arr_sig_str[1] = component_type.is_reference() ? 'L' : 'Q';
3263     strncpy(&arr_sig_str[2], component_name, length - 2);
3264     arr_sig_str[length - 1] = ';';
3265   }
3266   Symbol* arr_sig = create_temporary_symbol(
3267     arr_sig_str, length, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3268   VerificationType new_array_type = VerificationType::reference_type(arr_sig);
3269   current_frame->push_stack(new_array_type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3270 }
3271 
3272 void ClassVerifier::verify_iload(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
3273   current_frame->get_local(
3274     index, VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3275   current_frame->push_stack(
3276     VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3277 }
3278 
3279 void ClassVerifier::verify_lload(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
3280   current_frame->get_local_2(
3281     index, VerificationType::long_type(),
3282     VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3283   current_frame->push_stack_2(
3284     VerificationType::long_type(),
3285     VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3286 }
3287 
3288 void ClassVerifier::verify_fload(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
3289   current_frame->get_local(
3290     index, VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3291   current_frame->push_stack(
3292     VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3293 }
3294 
3295 void ClassVerifier::verify_dload(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
3296   current_frame->get_local_2(
3297     index, VerificationType::double_type(),
3298     VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3299   current_frame->push_stack_2(
3300     VerificationType::double_type(),
3301     VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3302 }
3303 
3304 void ClassVerifier::verify_aload(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
3305   VerificationType type = current_frame->get_local(
3306     index, VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3307   current_frame->push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3308 }
3309 
3310 void ClassVerifier::verify_vload(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
3311   VerificationType type = current_frame->get_local(
3312     index, VerificationType::valuetype_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3313   current_frame->push_stack(type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3314 }
3315 
3316 void ClassVerifier::verify_istore(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
3317   current_frame->pop_stack(
3318     VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3319   current_frame->set_local(
3320     index, VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3321 }
3322 
3323 void ClassVerifier::verify_lstore(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
3324   current_frame->pop_stack_2(
3325     VerificationType::long2_type(),
3326     VerificationType::long_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3327   current_frame->set_local_2(
3328     index, VerificationType::long_type(),
3329     VerificationType::long2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3330 }
3331 
3332 void ClassVerifier::verify_fstore(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
3333   current_frame->pop_stack(VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3334   current_frame->set_local(
3335     index, VerificationType::float_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3336 }
3337 
3338 void ClassVerifier::verify_dstore(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
3339   current_frame->pop_stack_2(
3340     VerificationType::double2_type(),
3341     VerificationType::double_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3342   current_frame->set_local_2(
3343     index, VerificationType::double_type(),
3344     VerificationType::double2_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3345 }
3346 
3347 void ClassVerifier::verify_astore(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
3348   VerificationType type = current_frame->pop_stack(
3349     VerificationType::reference_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3350   current_frame->set_local(index, type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3351 }
3352 
3353 void ClassVerifier::verify_vstore(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
3354   VerificationType type = current_frame->pop_stack(
3355     VerificationType::valuetype_check(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3356   current_frame->set_local(index, type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3357 }
3358 
3359 void ClassVerifier::verify_iinc(u2 index, StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
3360   VerificationType type = current_frame->get_local(
3361     index, VerificationType::integer_type(), CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3362   current_frame->set_local(index, type, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3363 }
3364 
3365 void ClassVerifier::verify_return_value(
3366     VerificationType return_type, VerificationType type, u2 bci,
3367     StackMapFrame* current_frame, TRAPS) {
3368   if (return_type == VerificationType::bogus_type()) {
3369     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
3370         current_frame->stack_top_ctx(), TypeOrigin::signature(return_type)),
3371         "Method expects a return value");
3372     return;
3373   }
3374   bool match = return_type.is_assignable_from(type, this, false, CHECK_VERIFY(this));
3375   if (!match) {
3376     verify_error(ErrorContext::bad_type(bci,
3377         current_frame->stack_top_ctx(), TypeOrigin::signature(return_type)),
3378         "Bad return type");
3379     return;
3380   }
3381 }
3382 
3383 // The verifier creates symbols which are substrings of Symbols.
3384 // These are stored in the verifier until the end of verification so that
3385 // they can be reference counted.
3386 Symbol* ClassVerifier::create_temporary_symbol(const Symbol *s, int begin,
3387                                                int end, TRAPS) {
3388   Symbol* sym = SymbolTable::new_symbol(s, begin, end, CHECK_NULL);
3389   _symbols->push(sym);
3390   return sym;
3391 }
3392 
3393 Symbol* ClassVerifier::create_temporary_symbol(const char *s, int length, TRAPS) {
3394   Symbol* sym = SymbolTable::new_symbol(s, length, CHECK_NULL);
3395   _symbols->push(sym);
3396   return sym;
3397 }