1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "jvm.h"
  27 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/metadataOnStackMark.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  33 #include "interpreter/bootstrapInfo.hpp"
  34 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
  35 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  36 #include "memory/heapShared.hpp"
  37 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
  38 #include "memory/metaspaceClosure.hpp"
  39 #include "memory/metaspaceShared.hpp"
  40 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  41 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  42 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  43 #include "oops/array.hpp"
  44 #include "oops/constantPool.inline.hpp"
  45 #include "oops/cpCache.inline.hpp"
  46 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  47 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
  48 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  49 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  50 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  51 #include "oops/valueArrayKlass.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  54 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
  55 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  56 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
  57 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
  58 #include "runtime/vframe.inline.hpp"
  59 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
  60 
  61 ConstantPool* ConstantPool::allocate(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int length, TRAPS) {
  62   Array<u1>* tags = MetadataFactory::new_array<u1>(loader_data, length, 0, CHECK_NULL);
  63   int size = ConstantPool::size(length);
  64   return new (loader_data, size, MetaspaceObj::ConstantPoolType, THREAD) ConstantPool(tags);
  65 }
  66 
  67 #ifdef ASSERT
  68 
  69 // MetaspaceObj allocation invariant is calloc equivalent memory
  70 // simple verification of this here (JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid == 0 )
  71 static bool tag_array_is_zero_initialized(Array<u1>* tags) {
  72   assert(tags != NULL, "invariant");
  73   const int length = tags->length();
  74   for (int index = 0; index < length; ++index) {
  75     if (JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid != tags->at(index)) {
  76       return false;
  77     }
  78   }
  79   return true;
  80 }
  81 
  82 #endif
  83 
  84 ConstantPool::ConstantPool(Array<u1>* tags) :
  85   _tags(tags),
  86   _length(tags->length()) {
  87 
  88     assert(_tags != NULL, "invariant");
  89     assert(tags->length() == _length, "invariant");
  90     assert(tag_array_is_zero_initialized(tags), "invariant");
  91     assert(0 == flags(), "invariant");
  92     assert(0 == version(), "invariant");
  93     assert(NULL == _pool_holder, "invariant");
  94 }
  95 
  96 void ConstantPool::deallocate_contents(ClassLoaderData* loader_data) {
  97   if (cache() != NULL) {
  98     MetadataFactory::free_metadata(loader_data, cache());
  99     set_cache(NULL);
 100   }
 101 
 102   MetadataFactory::free_array<Klass*>(loader_data, resolved_klasses());
 103   set_resolved_klasses(NULL);
 104 
 105   MetadataFactory::free_array<jushort>(loader_data, operands());
 106   set_operands(NULL);
 107 
 108   release_C_heap_structures();
 109 
 110   // free tag array
 111   MetadataFactory::free_array<u1>(loader_data, tags());
 112   set_tags(NULL);
 113 }
 114 
 115 void ConstantPool::release_C_heap_structures() {
 116   // walk constant pool and decrement symbol reference counts
 117   unreference_symbols();
 118 }
 119 
 120 void ConstantPool::metaspace_pointers_do(MetaspaceClosure* it) {
 121   log_trace(cds)("Iter(ConstantPool): %p", this);
 122 
 123   it->push(&_tags, MetaspaceClosure::_writable);
 124   it->push(&_cache);
 125   it->push(&_pool_holder);
 126   it->push(&_operands);
 127   it->push(&_resolved_klasses, MetaspaceClosure::_writable);
 128 
 129   for (int i = 0; i < length(); i++) {
 130     // The only MSO's embedded in the CP entries are Symbols:
 131     //   JVM_CONSTANT_String (normal and pseudo)
 132     //   JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8
 133     constantTag ctag = tag_at(i);
 134     if (ctag.is_string() || ctag.is_utf8()) {
 135       it->push(symbol_at_addr(i));
 136     }
 137   }
 138 }
 139 
 140 objArrayOop ConstantPool::resolved_references() const {
 141   return (objArrayOop)_cache->resolved_references();
 142 }
 143 
 144 // Called from outside constant pool resolution where a resolved_reference array
 145 // may not be present.
 146 objArrayOop ConstantPool::resolved_references_or_null() const {
 147   if (_cache == NULL) {
 148     return NULL;
 149   } else {
 150     return (objArrayOop)_cache->resolved_references();
 151   }
 152 }
 153 
 154 // Create resolved_references array and mapping array for original cp indexes
 155 // The ldc bytecode was rewritten to have the resolved reference array index so need a way
 156 // to map it back for resolving and some unlikely miscellaneous uses.
 157 // The objects created by invokedynamic are appended to this list.
 158 void ConstantPool::initialize_resolved_references(ClassLoaderData* loader_data,
 159                                                   const intStack& reference_map,
 160                                                   int constant_pool_map_length,
 161                                                   TRAPS) {
 162   // Initialized the resolved object cache.
 163   int map_length = reference_map.length();
 164   if (map_length > 0) {
 165     // Only need mapping back to constant pool entries.  The map isn't used for
 166     // invokedynamic resolved_reference entries.  For invokedynamic entries,
 167     // the constant pool cache index has the mapping back to both the constant
 168     // pool and to the resolved reference index.
 169     if (constant_pool_map_length > 0) {
 170       Array<u2>* om = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, constant_pool_map_length, CHECK);
 171 
 172       for (int i = 0; i < constant_pool_map_length; i++) {
 173         int x = reference_map.at(i);
 174         assert(x == (int)(jushort) x, "klass index is too big");
 175         om->at_put(i, (jushort)x);
 176       }
 177       set_reference_map(om);
 178     }
 179 
 180     // Create Java array for holding resolved strings, methodHandles,
 181     // methodTypes, invokedynamic and invokehandle appendix objects, etc.
 182     objArrayOop stom = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
 183     Handle refs_handle (THREAD, (oop)stom);  // must handleize.
 184     set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 185   }
 186 }
 187 
 188 void ConstantPool::allocate_resolved_klasses(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, int num_klasses, TRAPS) {
 189   // A ConstantPool can't possibly have 0xffff valid class entries,
 190   // because entry #0 must be CONSTANT_Invalid, and each class entry must refer to a UTF8
 191   // entry for the class's name. So at most we will have 0xfffe class entries.
 192   // This allows us to use 0xffff (ConstantPool::_temp_resolved_klass_index) to indicate
 193   // UnresolvedKlass entries that are temporarily created during class redefinition.
 194   assert(num_klasses < CPKlassSlot::_temp_resolved_klass_index, "sanity");
 195   assert(resolved_klasses() == NULL, "sanity");
 196   Array<Klass*>* rk = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(loader_data, num_klasses, CHECK);
 197   set_resolved_klasses(rk);
 198 }
 199 
 200 void ConstantPool::initialize_unresolved_klasses(ClassLoaderData* loader_data, TRAPS) {
 201   int len = length();
 202   int num_klasses = 0;
 203   for (int i = 1; i <len; i++) {
 204     switch (tag_at(i).value()) {
 205     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
 206       {
 207         const int class_index = klass_index_at(i);
 208         unresolved_klass_at_put(i, class_index, num_klasses++);
 209       }
 210       break;
 211 #ifndef PRODUCT
 212     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 213     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 214     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
 215       // All of these should have been reverted back to Unresolved before calling
 216       // this function.
 217       ShouldNotReachHere();
 218 #endif
 219     }
 220   }
 221   allocate_resolved_klasses(loader_data, num_klasses, THREAD);
 222 }
 223 
 224 // Unsafe anonymous class support:
 225 void ConstantPool::klass_at_put(int class_index, int name_index, int resolved_klass_index, Klass* k, Symbol* name) {
 226   assert(is_within_bounds(class_index), "index out of bounds");
 227   assert(is_within_bounds(name_index), "index out of bounds");
 228   assert((resolved_klass_index & 0xffff0000) == 0, "must be");
 229   *int_at_addr(class_index) =
 230     build_int_from_shorts((jushort)resolved_klass_index, (jushort)name_index);
 231 
 232   symbol_at_put(name_index, name);
 233   name->increment_refcount();
 234   Klass** adr = resolved_klasses()->adr_at(resolved_klass_index);
 235   Atomic::release_store(adr, k);
 236 
 237   // The interpreter assumes when the tag is stored, the klass is resolved
 238   // and the Klass* non-NULL, so we need hardware store ordering here.
 239   jbyte qdesc_bit = (name->is_Q_signature()) ? (jbyte) JVM_CONSTANT_QDescBit : 0;
 240   if (k != NULL) {
 241     release_tag_at_put(class_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Class | qdesc_bit);
 242   } else {
 243     release_tag_at_put(class_index, JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass | qdesc_bit);
 244   }
 245 }
 246 
 247 // Unsafe anonymous class support:
 248 void ConstantPool::klass_at_put(int class_index, Klass* k) {
 249   assert(k != NULL, "must be valid klass");
 250   CPKlassSlot kslot = klass_slot_at(class_index);
 251   int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 252   Klass** adr = resolved_klasses()->adr_at(resolved_klass_index);
 253   Atomic::release_store(adr, k);
 254 
 255   // The interpreter assumes when the tag is stored, the klass is resolved
 256   // and the Klass* non-NULL, so we need hardware store ordering here.
 257   assert(!k->name()->is_Q_signature(), "Q-type without JVM_CONSTANT_QDescBit");
 258   release_tag_at_put(class_index, JVM_CONSTANT_Class);
 259 }
 260 
 261 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 262 // Archive the resolved references
 263 void ConstantPool::archive_resolved_references(Thread* THREAD) {
 264   if (_cache == NULL) {
 265     return; // nothing to do
 266   }
 267 
 268   InstanceKlass *ik = pool_holder();
 269   if (!(ik->is_shared_boot_class() || ik->is_shared_platform_class() ||
 270         ik->is_shared_app_class())) {
 271     // Archiving resolved references for classes from non-builtin loaders
 272     // is not yet supported.
 273     set_resolved_references(NULL);
 274     return;
 275   }
 276 
 277   objArrayOop rr = resolved_references();
 278   Array<u2>* ref_map = reference_map();
 279   if (rr != NULL) {
 280     int ref_map_len = ref_map == NULL ? 0 : ref_map->length();
 281     int rr_len = rr->length();
 282     for (int i = 0; i < rr_len; i++) {
 283       oop p = rr->obj_at(i);
 284       rr->obj_at_put(i, NULL);
 285       if (p != NULL && i < ref_map_len) {
 286         int index = object_to_cp_index(i);
 287         if (tag_at(index).is_string()) {
 288           oop op = StringTable::create_archived_string(p, THREAD);
 289           // If the String object is not archived (possibly too large),
 290           // NULL is returned. Also set it in the array, so we won't
 291           // have a 'bad' reference in the archived resolved_reference
 292           // array.
 293           rr->obj_at_put(i, op);
 294         }
 295       }
 296     }
 297 
 298     oop archived = HeapShared::archive_heap_object(rr, THREAD);
 299     // If the resolved references array is not archived (too large),
 300     // the 'archived' object is NULL. No need to explicitly check
 301     // the return value of archive_heap_object here. At runtime, the
 302     // resolved references will be created using the normal process
 303     // when there is no archived value.
 304     _cache->set_archived_references(archived);
 305     set_resolved_references(NULL);
 306   }
 307 }
 308 
 309 void ConstantPool::resolve_class_constants(TRAPS) {
 310   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "used during dump time only");
 311   // The _cache may be NULL if the _pool_holder klass fails verification
 312   // at dump time due to missing dependencies.
 313   if (cache() == NULL || reference_map() == NULL) {
 314     return; // nothing to do
 315   }
 316 
 317   constantPoolHandle cp(THREAD, this);
 318   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 319     if (tag_at(index).is_string() && !cp->is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
 320       int cache_index = cp->cp_to_object_index(index);
 321       string_at_impl(cp, index, cache_index, CHECK);
 322     }
 323   }
 324 }
 325 #endif
 326 
 327 // CDS support. Create a new resolved_references array.
 328 void ConstantPool::restore_unshareable_info(TRAPS) {
 329   assert(is_constantPool(), "ensure C++ vtable is restored");
 330   assert(on_stack(), "should always be set for shared constant pools");
 331   assert(is_shared(), "should always be set for shared constant pools");
 332   assert(_cache != NULL, "constant pool _cache should not be NULL");
 333 
 334   // Only create the new resolved references array if it hasn't been attempted before
 335   if (resolved_references() != NULL) return;
 336 
 337   // restore the C++ vtable from the shared archive
 338   restore_vtable();
 339 
 340   if (SystemDictionary::Object_klass_loaded()) {
 341     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
 342 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 343     if (HeapShared::open_archive_heap_region_mapped() &&
 344         _cache->archived_references() != NULL) {
 345       oop archived = _cache->archived_references();
 346       // Create handle for the archived resolved reference array object
 347       Handle refs_handle(THREAD, archived);
 348       set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 349     } else
 350 #endif
 351     {
 352       // No mapped archived resolved reference array
 353       // Recreate the object array and add to ClassLoaderData.
 354       int map_length = resolved_reference_length();
 355       if (map_length > 0) {
 356         objArrayOop stom = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), map_length, CHECK);
 357         Handle refs_handle(THREAD, (oop)stom);  // must handleize.
 358         set_resolved_references(loader_data->add_handle(refs_handle));
 359       }
 360     }
 361   }
 362 }
 363 
 364 void ConstantPool::remove_unshareable_info() {
 365   // Resolved references are not in the shared archive.
 366   // Save the length for restoration.  It is not necessarily the same length
 367   // as reference_map.length() if invokedynamic is saved. It is needed when
 368   // re-creating the resolved reference array if archived heap data cannot be map
 369   // at runtime.
 370   set_resolved_reference_length(
 371     resolved_references() != NULL ? resolved_references()->length() : 0);
 372 
 373   // If archiving heap objects is not allowed, clear the resolved references.
 374   // Otherwise, it is cleared after the resolved references array is cached
 375   // (see archive_resolved_references()).
 376   // If DynamicDumpSharedSpaces is enabled, clear the resolved references also
 377   // as java objects are not archived in the top layer.
 378   if (!HeapShared::is_heap_object_archiving_allowed() || DynamicDumpSharedSpaces) {
 379     set_resolved_references(NULL);
 380   }
 381 
 382   // Shared ConstantPools are in the RO region, so the _flags cannot be modified.
 383   // The _on_stack flag is used to prevent ConstantPools from deallocation during
 384   // class redefinition. Since shared ConstantPools cannot be deallocated anyway,
 385   // we always set _on_stack to true to avoid having to change _flags during runtime.
 386   _flags |= (_on_stack | _is_shared);
 387   int num_klasses = 0;
 388   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 389     if (!DynamicDumpSharedSpaces) {
 390       assert(!tag_at(index).is_unresolved_klass_in_error(), "This must not happen during static dump time");
 391     } else {
 392       if (tag_at(index).is_unresolved_klass_in_error() ||
 393           tag_at(index).is_method_handle_in_error()    ||
 394           tag_at(index).is_method_type_in_error()      ||
 395           tag_at(index).is_dynamic_constant_in_error()) {
 396         tag_at_put(index, JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass);
 397       }
 398     }
 399     if (tag_at(index).is_klass()) {
 400       // This class was resolved as a side effect of executing Java code
 401       // during dump time. We need to restore it back to an UnresolvedClass,
 402       // so that the proper class loading and initialization can happen
 403       // at runtime.
 404       CPKlassSlot kslot = klass_slot_at(index);
 405       int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 406       int name_index = kslot.name_index();
 407       assert(tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
 408       resolved_klasses()->at_put(resolved_klass_index, NULL);
 409       tag_at_put(index, JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass);
 410       assert(klass_name_at(index) == symbol_at(name_index), "sanity");
 411     }
 412   }
 413   if (cache() != NULL) {
 414     cache()->remove_unshareable_info();
 415   }
 416 }
 417 
 418 int ConstantPool::cp_to_object_index(int cp_index) {
 419   // this is harder don't do this so much.
 420   int i = reference_map()->find(cp_index);
 421   // We might not find the index for jsr292 call.
 422   return (i < 0) ? _no_index_sentinel : i;
 423 }
 424 
 425 void ConstantPool::string_at_put(int which, int obj_index, oop str) {
 426   resolved_references()->obj_at_put(obj_index, str);
 427 }
 428 
 429 void ConstantPool::trace_class_resolution(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, Klass* k) {
 430   ResourceMark rm;
 431   int line_number = -1;
 432   const char * source_file = NULL;
 433   if (JavaThread::current()->has_last_Java_frame()) {
 434     // try to identify the method which called this function.
 435     vframeStream vfst(JavaThread::current());
 436     if (!vfst.at_end()) {
 437       line_number = vfst.method()->line_number_from_bci(vfst.bci());
 438       Symbol* s = vfst.method()->method_holder()->source_file_name();
 439       if (s != NULL) {
 440         source_file = s->as_C_string();
 441       }
 442     }
 443   }
 444   if (k != this_cp->pool_holder()) {
 445     // only print something if the classes are different
 446     if (source_file != NULL) {
 447       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s %s:%d",
 448                  this_cp->pool_holder()->external_name(),
 449                  k->external_name(), source_file, line_number);
 450     } else {
 451       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s",
 452                  this_cp->pool_holder()->external_name(),
 453                  k->external_name());
 454     }
 455   }
 456 }
 457 
 458 void check_is_value_type(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
 459   if (!k->is_value()) {
 460     THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError());
 461   }
 462 }
 463 
 464 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which,
 465                                    bool save_resolution_error, TRAPS) {
 466   assert(THREAD->is_Java_thread(), "must be a Java thread");
 467   JavaThread* javaThread = (JavaThread*)THREAD;
 468 
 469   // A resolved constantPool entry will contain a Klass*, otherwise a Symbol*.
 470   // It is not safe to rely on the tag bit's here, since we don't have a lock, and
 471   // the entry and tag is not updated atomicly.
 472   CPKlassSlot kslot = this_cp->klass_slot_at(which);
 473   int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 474   int name_index = kslot.name_index();
 475   assert(this_cp->tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
 476 
 477   Klass* klass = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
 478   if (klass != NULL) {
 479     return klass;
 480   }
 481 
 482   // This tag doesn't change back to unresolved class unless at a safepoint.
 483   if (this_cp->tag_at(which).is_unresolved_klass_in_error()) {
 484     // The original attempt to resolve this constant pool entry failed so find the
 485     // class of the original error and throw another error of the same class
 486     // (JVMS 5.4.3).
 487     // If there is a detail message, pass that detail message to the error.
 488     // The JVMS does not strictly require us to duplicate the same detail message,
 489     // or any internal exception fields such as cause or stacktrace.  But since the
 490     // detail message is often a class name or other literal string, we will repeat it
 491     // if we can find it in the symbol table.
 492     throw_resolution_error(this_cp, which, CHECK_NULL);
 493     ShouldNotReachHere();
 494   }
 495 
 496   Handle mirror_handle;
 497   Symbol* name = this_cp->symbol_at(name_index);
 498   bool value_type_signature = false;
 499   if (name->is_Q_signature()) {
 500     name = name->fundamental_name(THREAD);
 501     value_type_signature = true;
 502   }
 503   Handle loader (THREAD, this_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader());
 504   Handle protection_domain (THREAD, this_cp->pool_holder()->protection_domain());
 505 
 506   Klass* k;
 507   {
 508     // Turn off the single stepping while doing class resolution
 509     JvmtiHideSingleStepping jhss(javaThread);
 510     k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(name, loader, protection_domain, true, THREAD);
 511   } //  JvmtiHideSingleStepping jhss(javaThread);
 512   if (value_type_signature) {
 513     name->decrement_refcount();
 514   }
 515 
 516   if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 517     // preserve the resolved klass from unloading
 518     mirror_handle = Handle(THREAD, k->java_mirror());
 519     // Do access check for klasses
 520     verify_constant_pool_resolve(this_cp, k, THREAD);
 521   }
 522 
 523   if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION && value_type_signature) {
 524     check_is_value_type(k, THREAD);
 525   }
 526 
 527   if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 528     Klass* bottom_klass = NULL;
 529     if (k->is_objArray_klass()) {
 530       bottom_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(k)->bottom_klass();
 531       assert(bottom_klass != NULL, "Should be set");
 532       assert(bottom_klass->is_instance_klass() || bottom_klass->is_typeArray_klass(), "Sanity check");
 533     } else if (k->is_valueArray_klass()) {
 534       bottom_klass = ValueArrayKlass::cast(k)->element_klass();
 535       assert(bottom_klass != NULL, "Should be set");
 536     }
 537   }
 538 
 539   // Failed to resolve class. We must record the errors so that subsequent attempts
 540   // to resolve this constant pool entry fail with the same error (JVMS 5.4.3).
 541   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 542     if (save_resolution_error) {
 543       save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, which, constantTag(JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass), CHECK_NULL);
 544       // If CHECK_NULL above doesn't return the exception, that means that
 545       // some other thread has beaten us and has resolved the class.
 546       // To preserve old behavior, we return the resolved class.
 547       klass = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
 548       assert(klass != NULL, "must be resolved if exception was cleared");
 549       return klass;
 550     } else {
 551       return NULL;  // return the pending exception
 552     }
 553   }
 554 
 555   // logging for class+resolve.
 556   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)){
 557     trace_class_resolution(this_cp, k);
 558   }
 559   Klass** adr = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->adr_at(resolved_klass_index);
 560   Atomic::release_store(adr, k);
 561   // The interpreter assumes when the tag is stored, the klass is resolved
 562   // and the Klass* stored in _resolved_klasses is non-NULL, so we need
 563   // hardware store ordering here.
 564   jbyte tag = JVM_CONSTANT_Class;
 565   if (this_cp->tag_at(which).is_Qdescriptor_klass()) {
 566     tag |= JVM_CONSTANT_QDescBit;
 567   }
 568   this_cp->release_tag_at_put(which, tag);
 569   return k;
 570 }
 571 
 572 
 573 // Does not update ConstantPool* - to avoid any exception throwing. Used
 574 // by compiler and exception handling.  Also used to avoid classloads for
 575 // instanceof operations. Returns NULL if the class has not been loaded or
 576 // if the verification of constant pool failed
 577 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which) {
 578   CPKlassSlot kslot = this_cp->klass_slot_at(which);
 579   int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 580   int name_index = kslot.name_index();
 581   assert(this_cp->tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
 582 
 583   Klass* k = this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
 584   if (k != NULL) {
 585     return k;
 586   } else {
 587     Thread *thread = Thread::current();
 588     Symbol* name = this_cp->symbol_at(name_index);
 589     oop loader = this_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader();
 590     oop protection_domain = this_cp->pool_holder()->protection_domain();
 591     Handle h_prot (thread, protection_domain);
 592     Handle h_loader (thread, loader);
 593     Klass* k = SystemDictionary::find(name, h_loader, h_prot, thread);
 594 
 595     // Avoid constant pool verification at a safepoint, which takes the Module_lock.
 596     if (k != NULL && !SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint()) {
 597       // Make sure that resolving is legal
 598       EXCEPTION_MARK;
 599       // return NULL if verification fails
 600       verify_constant_pool_resolve(this_cp, k, THREAD);
 601       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 602         CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 603         return NULL;
 604       }
 605       return k;
 606     } else {
 607       return k;
 608     }
 609   }
 610 }
 611 
 612 Method* ConstantPool::method_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool,
 613                                                    int which) {
 614   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 615   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 616   if (!(cache_index >= 0 && cache_index < cpool->cache()->length())) {
 617     // FIXME: should be an assert
 618     log_debug(class, resolve)("bad operand %d in:", which); cpool->print();
 619     return NULL;
 620   }
 621   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 622   return e->method_if_resolved(cpool);
 623 }
 624 
 625 
 626 bool ConstantPool::has_appendix_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 627   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return false;  // nothing to load yet
 628   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 629   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 630   return e->has_appendix();
 631 }
 632 
 633 oop ConstantPool::appendix_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 634   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return NULL;  // nothing to load yet
 635   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 636   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 637   return e->appendix_if_resolved(cpool);
 638 }
 639 
 640 
 641 bool ConstantPool::has_local_signature_at_if_loaded(const constantPoolHandle& cpool, int which) {
 642   if (cpool->cache() == NULL)  return false;  // nothing to load yet
 643   int cache_index = decode_cpcache_index(which, true);
 644   ConstantPoolCacheEntry* e = cpool->cache()->entry_at(cache_index);
 645   return e->has_local_signature();
 646 }
 647 
 648 Symbol* ConstantPool::impl_name_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 649   int name_index = name_ref_index_at(impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which, uncached));
 650   return symbol_at(name_index);
 651 }
 652 
 653 
 654 Symbol* ConstantPool::impl_signature_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 655   int signature_index = signature_ref_index_at(impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which, uncached));
 656   return symbol_at(signature_index);
 657 }
 658 
 659 int ConstantPool::impl_name_and_type_ref_index_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 660   int i = which;
 661   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 662     if (ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which)) {
 663       // Invokedynamic index is index into the constant pool cache
 664       int pool_index = invokedynamic_bootstrap_ref_index_at(which);
 665       pool_index = bootstrap_name_and_type_ref_index_at(pool_index);
 666       assert(tag_at(pool_index).is_name_and_type(), "");
 667       return pool_index;
 668     }
 669     // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 670     i = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 671   } else {
 672     if (tag_at(which).has_bootstrap()) {
 673       int pool_index = bootstrap_name_and_type_ref_index_at(which);
 674       assert(tag_at(pool_index).is_name_and_type(), "");
 675       return pool_index;
 676     }
 677   }
 678   assert(tag_at(i).is_field_or_method(), "Corrupted constant pool");
 679   assert(!tag_at(i).has_bootstrap(), "Must be handled above");
 680   jint ref_index = *int_at_addr(i);
 681   return extract_high_short_from_int(ref_index);
 682 }
 683 
 684 constantTag ConstantPool::impl_tag_ref_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 685   int pool_index = which;
 686   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 687     if (ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which)) {
 688       // Invokedynamic index is index into resolved_references
 689       pool_index = invokedynamic_bootstrap_ref_index_at(which);
 690     } else {
 691       // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 692       pool_index = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 693     }
 694   }
 695   return tag_at(pool_index);
 696 }
 697 
 698 int ConstantPool::impl_klass_ref_index_at(int which, bool uncached) {
 699   guarantee(!ConstantPool::is_invokedynamic_index(which),
 700             "an invokedynamic instruction does not have a klass");
 701   int i = which;
 702   if (!uncached && cache() != NULL) {
 703     // change byte-ordering and go via cache
 704     i = remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(which);
 705   }
 706   assert(tag_at(i).is_field_or_method(), "Corrupted constant pool");
 707   jint ref_index = *int_at_addr(i);
 708   return extract_low_short_from_int(ref_index);
 709 }
 710 
 711 
 712 
 713 int ConstantPool::remap_instruction_operand_from_cache(int operand) {
 714   int cpc_index = operand;
 715   DEBUG_ONLY(cpc_index -= CPCACHE_INDEX_TAG);
 716   assert((int)(u2)cpc_index == cpc_index, "clean u2");
 717   int member_index = cache()->entry_at(cpc_index)->constant_pool_index();
 718   return member_index;
 719 }
 720 
 721 
 722 void ConstantPool::verify_constant_pool_resolve(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, Klass* k, TRAPS) {
 723   if (!(k->is_instance_klass() || k->is_objArray_klass())) {
 724     return;  // short cut, typeArray klass is always accessible
 725   }
 726   Klass* holder = this_cp->pool_holder();
 727   LinkResolver::check_klass_accessibility(holder, k, CHECK);
 728 }
 729 
 730 
 731 int ConstantPool::name_ref_index_at(int which_nt) {
 732   jint ref_index = name_and_type_at(which_nt);
 733   return extract_low_short_from_int(ref_index);
 734 }
 735 
 736 
 737 int ConstantPool::signature_ref_index_at(int which_nt) {
 738   jint ref_index = name_and_type_at(which_nt);
 739   return extract_high_short_from_int(ref_index);
 740 }
 741 
 742 
 743 Klass* ConstantPool::klass_ref_at(int which, TRAPS) {
 744   return klass_at(klass_ref_index_at(which), THREAD);
 745 }
 746 
 747 Symbol* ConstantPool::klass_name_at(int which) const {
 748   return symbol_at(klass_slot_at(which).name_index());
 749 }
 750 
 751 Symbol* ConstantPool::klass_ref_at_noresolve(int which) {
 752   jint ref_index = klass_ref_index_at(which);
 753   return klass_at_noresolve(ref_index);
 754 }
 755 
 756 Symbol* ConstantPool::uncached_klass_ref_at_noresolve(int which) {
 757   jint ref_index = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(which);
 758   return klass_at_noresolve(ref_index);
 759 }
 760 
 761 char* ConstantPool::string_at_noresolve(int which) {
 762   return unresolved_string_at(which)->as_C_string();
 763 }
 764 
 765 BasicType ConstantPool::basic_type_for_signature_at(int which) const {
 766   return Signature::basic_type(symbol_at(which));
 767 }
 768 
 769 
 770 void ConstantPool::resolve_string_constants_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, TRAPS) {
 771   for (int index = 1; index < this_cp->length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
 772     if (this_cp->tag_at(index).is_string()) {
 773       this_cp->string_at(index, CHECK);
 774     }
 775   }
 776 }
 777 
 778 Symbol* ConstantPool::exception_message(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, constantTag tag, oop pending_exception) {
 779   // Dig out the detailed message to reuse if possible
 780   Symbol* message = java_lang_Throwable::detail_message(pending_exception);
 781   if (message != NULL) {
 782     return message;
 783   }
 784 
 785   // Return specific message for the tag
 786   switch (tag.value()) {
 787   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 788     // return the class name in the error message
 789     message = this_cp->klass_name_at(which);
 790     break;
 791   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
 792     // return the method handle name in the error message
 793     message = this_cp->method_handle_name_ref_at(which);
 794     break;
 795   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
 796     // return the method type signature in the error message
 797     message = this_cp->method_type_signature_at(which);
 798     break;
 799   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
 800     // return the name of the condy in the error message
 801     message = this_cp->uncached_name_ref_at(which);
 802     break;
 803   default:
 804     ShouldNotReachHere();
 805   }
 806 
 807   return message;
 808 }
 809 
 810 void ConstantPool::throw_resolution_error(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, TRAPS) {
 811   Symbol* message = NULL;
 812   Symbol* error = SystemDictionary::find_resolution_error(this_cp, which, &message);
 813   assert(error != NULL, "checking");
 814   CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 815   if (message != NULL) {
 816     ResourceMark rm;
 817     THROW_MSG(error, message->as_C_string());
 818   } else {
 819     THROW(error);
 820   }
 821 }
 822 
 823 // If resolution for Class, Dynamic constant, MethodHandle or MethodType fails, save the
 824 // exception in the resolution error table, so that the same exception is thrown again.
 825 void ConstantPool::save_and_throw_exception(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which,
 826                                             constantTag tag, TRAPS) {
 827   Symbol* error = PENDING_EXCEPTION->klass()->name();
 828 
 829   int error_tag = tag.error_value();
 830 
 831   if (!PENDING_EXCEPTION->
 832     is_a(SystemDictionary::LinkageError_klass())) {
 833     // Just throw the exception and don't prevent these classes from
 834     // being loaded due to virtual machine errors like StackOverflow
 835     // and OutOfMemoryError, etc, or if the thread was hit by stop()
 836     // Needs clarification to section 5.4.3 of the VM spec (see 6308271)
 837   } else if (this_cp->tag_at(which).value() != error_tag) {
 838     Symbol* message = exception_message(this_cp, which, tag, PENDING_EXCEPTION);
 839     SystemDictionary::add_resolution_error(this_cp, which, error, message);
 840     // CAS in the tag.  If a thread beat us to registering this error that's fine.
 841     // If another thread resolved the reference, this is a race condition. This
 842     // thread may have had a security manager or something temporary.
 843     // This doesn't deterministically get an error.   So why do we save this?
 844     // We save this because jvmti can add classes to the bootclass path after
 845     // this error, so it needs to get the same error if the error is first.
 846     jbyte old_tag = Atomic::cmpxchg((jbyte*)this_cp->tag_addr_at(which),
 847                                     (jbyte)tag.value(),
 848                                     (jbyte)error_tag);
 849     if (old_tag != error_tag && old_tag != tag.value()) {
 850       // MethodHandles and MethodType doesn't change to resolved version.
 851       assert(this_cp->tag_at(which).is_klass(), "Wrong tag value");
 852       // Forget the exception and use the resolved class.
 853       CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
 854     }
 855   } else {
 856     // some other thread put this in error state
 857     throw_resolution_error(this_cp, which, CHECK);
 858   }
 859 }
 860 
 861 constantTag ConstantPool::constant_tag_at(int which) {
 862   constantTag tag = tag_at(which);
 863   if (tag.is_dynamic_constant() ||
 864       tag.is_dynamic_constant_in_error()) {
 865     BasicType bt = basic_type_for_constant_at(which);
 866     // dynamic constant could return an array, treat as object
 867     return constantTag::ofBasicType(is_reference_type(bt) ? T_OBJECT : bt);
 868   }
 869   return tag;
 870 }
 871 
 872 BasicType ConstantPool::basic_type_for_constant_at(int which) {
 873   constantTag tag = tag_at(which);
 874   if (tag.is_dynamic_constant() ||
 875       tag.is_dynamic_constant_in_error()) {
 876     // have to look at the signature for this one
 877     Symbol* constant_type = uncached_signature_ref_at(which);
 878     return Signature::basic_type(constant_type);
 879   }
 880   return tag.basic_type();
 881 }
 882 
 883 // Called to resolve constants in the constant pool and return an oop.
 884 // Some constant pool entries cache their resolved oop. This is also
 885 // called to create oops from constants to use in arguments for invokedynamic
 886 oop ConstantPool::resolve_constant_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp,
 887                                            int index, int cache_index,
 888                                            bool* status_return, TRAPS) {
 889   oop result_oop = NULL;
 890   Handle throw_exception;
 891 
 892   if (cache_index == _possible_index_sentinel) {
 893     // It is possible that this constant is one which is cached in the objects.
 894     // We'll do a linear search.  This should be OK because this usage is rare.
 895     // FIXME: If bootstrap specifiers stress this code, consider putting in
 896     // a reverse index.  Binary search over a short array should do it.
 897     assert(index > 0, "valid index");
 898     cache_index = this_cp->cp_to_object_index(index);
 899   }
 900   assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel || cache_index >= 0, "");
 901   assert(index == _no_index_sentinel || index >= 0, "");
 902 
 903   if (cache_index >= 0) {
 904     result_oop = this_cp->resolved_references()->obj_at(cache_index);
 905     if (result_oop != NULL) {
 906       if (result_oop == Universe::the_null_sentinel()) {
 907         DEBUG_ONLY(int temp_index = (index >= 0 ? index : this_cp->object_to_cp_index(cache_index)));
 908         assert(this_cp->tag_at(temp_index).is_dynamic_constant(), "only condy uses the null sentinel");
 909         result_oop = NULL;
 910       }
 911       if (status_return != NULL)  (*status_return) = true;
 912       return result_oop;
 913       // That was easy...
 914     }
 915     index = this_cp->object_to_cp_index(cache_index);
 916   }
 917 
 918   jvalue prim_value;  // temp used only in a few cases below
 919 
 920   constantTag tag = this_cp->tag_at(index);
 921 
 922   if (status_return != NULL) {
 923     // don't trigger resolution if the constant might need it
 924     switch (tag.value()) {
 925     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 926     {
 927       CPKlassSlot kslot = this_cp->klass_slot_at(index);
 928       int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
 929       if (this_cp->resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index) == NULL) {
 930         (*status_return) = false;
 931         return NULL;
 932       }
 933       // the klass is waiting in the CP; go get it
 934       break;
 935     }
 936     case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
 937     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
 938     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
 939     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
 940     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
 941       // these guys trigger OOM at worst
 942       break;
 943     default:
 944       (*status_return) = false;
 945       return NULL;
 946     }
 947     // from now on there is either success or an OOME
 948     (*status_return) = true;
 949   }
 950 
 951   switch (tag.value()) {
 952 
 953   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
 954   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
 955   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
 956     {
 957       assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
 958       Klass* resolved = klass_at_impl(this_cp, index, true, CHECK_NULL);
 959       // ldc wants the java mirror.
 960       result_oop = resolved->java_mirror();
 961       break;
 962     }
 963 
 964   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
 965     {
 966       // Resolve the Dynamically-Computed constant to invoke the BSM in order to obtain the resulting oop.
 967       BootstrapInfo bootstrap_specifier(this_cp, index);
 968 
 969       // The initial step in resolving an unresolved symbolic reference to a
 970       // dynamically-computed constant is to resolve the symbolic reference to a
 971       // method handle which will be the bootstrap method for the dynamically-computed
 972       // constant. If resolution of the java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle for the bootstrap
 973       // method fails, then a MethodHandleInError is stored at the corresponding
 974       // bootstrap method's CP index for the CONSTANT_MethodHandle_info. No need to
 975       // set a DynamicConstantInError here since any subsequent use of this
 976       // bootstrap method will encounter the resolution of MethodHandleInError.
 977       // Both the first, (resolution of the BSM and its static arguments), and the second tasks,
 978       // (invocation of the BSM), of JVMS Section 5.4.3.6 occur within invoke_bootstrap_method()
 979       // for the bootstrap_specifier created above.
 980       SystemDictionary::invoke_bootstrap_method(bootstrap_specifier, THREAD);
 981       Exceptions::wrap_dynamic_exception(THREAD);
 982       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
 983         // Resolution failure of the dynamically-computed constant, save_and_throw_exception
 984         // will check for a LinkageError and store a DynamicConstantInError.
 985         save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, index, tag, CHECK_NULL);
 986       }
 987       result_oop = bootstrap_specifier.resolved_value()();
 988       BasicType type = Signature::basic_type(bootstrap_specifier.signature());
 989       if (!is_reference_type(type)) {
 990         // Make sure the primitive value is properly boxed.
 991         // This is a JDK responsibility.
 992         const char* fail = NULL;
 993         if (result_oop == NULL) {
 994           fail = "null result instead of box";
 995         } else if (!is_java_primitive(type)) {
 996           // FIXME: support value types via unboxing
 997           fail = "can only handle references and primitives";
 998         } else if (!java_lang_boxing_object::is_instance(result_oop, type)) {
 999           fail = "primitive is not properly boxed";
1000         }
1001         if (fail != NULL) {
1002           // Since this exception is not a LinkageError, throw exception
1003           // but do not save a DynamicInError resolution result.
1004           // See section 5.4.3 of the VM spec.
1005           THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), fail);
1006         }
1007       }
1008 
1009       if (TraceMethodHandles) {
1010         bootstrap_specifier.print_msg_on(tty, "resolve_constant_at_impl");
1011       }
1012       break;
1013     }
1014 
1015   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
1016     assert(cache_index != _no_index_sentinel, "should have been set");
1017     if (this_cp->is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
1018       result_oop = this_cp->pseudo_string_at(index, cache_index);
1019       break;
1020     }
1021     result_oop = string_at_impl(this_cp, index, cache_index, CHECK_NULL);
1022     break;
1023 
1024   case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError:
1025   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
1026   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
1027     {
1028       throw_resolution_error(this_cp, index, CHECK_NULL);
1029       break;
1030     }
1031 
1032   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
1033     {
1034       int ref_kind                 = this_cp->method_handle_ref_kind_at(index);
1035       int callee_index             = this_cp->method_handle_klass_index_at(index);
1036       Symbol*  name =      this_cp->method_handle_name_ref_at(index);
1037       Symbol*  signature = this_cp->method_handle_signature_ref_at(index);
1038       constantTag m_tag  = this_cp->tag_at(this_cp->method_handle_index_at(index));
1039       { ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1040         log_debug(class, resolve)("resolve JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:%d [%d/%d/%d] %s.%s",
1041                               ref_kind, index, this_cp->method_handle_index_at(index),
1042                               callee_index, name->as_C_string(), signature->as_C_string());
1043       }
1044 
1045       Klass* callee = klass_at_impl(this_cp, callee_index, true, CHECK_NULL);
1046 
1047       // Check constant pool method consistency
1048       if ((callee->is_interface() && m_tag.is_method()) ||
1049           ((!callee->is_interface() && m_tag.is_interface_method()))) {
1050         ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1051         stringStream ss;
1052         ss.print("Inconsistent constant pool data in classfile for class %s. "
1053                  "Method '", callee->name()->as_C_string());
1054         signature->print_as_signature_external_return_type(&ss);
1055         ss.print(" %s(", name->as_C_string());
1056         signature->print_as_signature_external_parameters(&ss);
1057         ss.print(")' at index %d is %s and should be %s",
1058                  index,
1059                  callee->is_interface() ? "CONSTANT_MethodRef" : "CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodRef",
1060                  callee->is_interface() ? "CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodRef" : "CONSTANT_MethodRef");
1061         THROW_MSG_NULL(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), ss.as_string());
1062       }
1063 
1064       Klass* klass = this_cp->pool_holder();
1065       Handle value = SystemDictionary::link_method_handle_constant(klass, ref_kind,
1066                                                                    callee, name, signature,
1067                                                                    THREAD);
1068       result_oop = value();
1069       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1070         save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, index, tag, CHECK_NULL);
1071       }
1072       break;
1073     }
1074 
1075   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1076     {
1077       Symbol*  signature = this_cp->method_type_signature_at(index);
1078       { ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1079         log_debug(class, resolve)("resolve JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType [%d/%d] %s",
1080                               index, this_cp->method_type_index_at(index),
1081                               signature->as_C_string());
1082       }
1083       Klass* klass = this_cp->pool_holder();
1084       Handle value = SystemDictionary::find_method_handle_type(signature, klass, THREAD);
1085       result_oop = value();
1086       if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1087         save_and_throw_exception(this_cp, index, tag, CHECK_NULL);
1088       }
1089       break;
1090     }
1091 
1092   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1093     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1094     prim_value.i = this_cp->int_at(index);
1095     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_INT, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1096     break;
1097 
1098   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1099     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1100     prim_value.f = this_cp->float_at(index);
1101     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_FLOAT, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1102     break;
1103 
1104   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1105     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1106     prim_value.j = this_cp->long_at(index);
1107     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_LONG, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1108     break;
1109 
1110   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1111     assert(cache_index == _no_index_sentinel, "should not have been set");
1112     prim_value.d = this_cp->double_at(index);
1113     result_oop = java_lang_boxing_object::create(T_DOUBLE, &prim_value, CHECK_NULL);
1114     break;
1115 
1116   default:
1117     DEBUG_ONLY( tty->print_cr("*** %p: tag at CP[%d/%d] = %d",
1118                               this_cp(), index, cache_index, tag.value()));
1119     assert(false, "unexpected constant tag");
1120     break;
1121   }
1122 
1123   if (cache_index >= 0) {
1124     // Benign race condition:  resolved_references may already be filled in.
1125     // The important thing here is that all threads pick up the same result.
1126     // It doesn't matter which racing thread wins, as long as only one
1127     // result is used by all threads, and all future queries.
1128     oop new_result = (result_oop == NULL ? Universe::the_null_sentinel() : result_oop);
1129     oop old_result = this_cp->resolved_references()
1130       ->atomic_compare_exchange_oop(cache_index, new_result, NULL);
1131     if (old_result == NULL) {
1132       return result_oop;  // was installed
1133     } else {
1134       // Return the winning thread's result.  This can be different than
1135       // the result here for MethodHandles.
1136       if (old_result == Universe::the_null_sentinel())
1137         old_result = NULL;
1138       return old_result;
1139     }
1140   } else {
1141     assert(result_oop != Universe::the_null_sentinel(), "");
1142     return result_oop;
1143   }
1144 }
1145 
1146 oop ConstantPool::uncached_string_at(int which, TRAPS) {
1147   Symbol* sym = unresolved_string_at(which);
1148   oop str = StringTable::intern(sym, CHECK_(NULL));
1149   assert(java_lang_String::is_instance(str), "must be string");
1150   return str;
1151 }
1152 
1153 void ConstantPool::copy_bootstrap_arguments_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int index,
1154                                                     int start_arg, int end_arg,
1155                                                     objArrayHandle info, int pos,
1156                                                     bool must_resolve, Handle if_not_available,
1157                                                     TRAPS) {
1158   int argc;
1159   int limit = pos + end_arg - start_arg;
1160   // checks: index in range [0..this_cp->length),
1161   // tag at index, start..end in range [0..argc],
1162   // info array non-null, pos..limit in [0..info.length]
1163   if ((0 >= index    || index >= this_cp->length())  ||
1164       !(this_cp->tag_at(index).is_invoke_dynamic()    ||
1165         this_cp->tag_at(index).is_dynamic_constant()) ||
1166       (0 > start_arg || start_arg > end_arg) ||
1167       (end_arg > (argc = this_cp->bootstrap_argument_count_at(index))) ||
1168       (0 > pos       || pos > limit)         ||
1169       (info.is_null() || limit > info->length())) {
1170     // An index or something else went wrong; throw an error.
1171     // Since this is an internal API, we don't expect this,
1172     // so we don't bother to craft a nice message.
1173     THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_LinkageError(), "bad BSM argument access");
1174   }
1175   // now we can loop safely
1176   int info_i = pos;
1177   for (int i = start_arg; i < end_arg; i++) {
1178     int arg_index = this_cp->bootstrap_argument_index_at(index, i);
1179     oop arg_oop;
1180     if (must_resolve) {
1181       arg_oop = this_cp->resolve_possibly_cached_constant_at(arg_index, CHECK);
1182     } else {
1183       bool found_it = false;
1184       arg_oop = this_cp->find_cached_constant_at(arg_index, found_it, CHECK);
1185       if (!found_it)  arg_oop = if_not_available();
1186     }
1187     info->obj_at_put(info_i++, arg_oop);
1188   }
1189 }
1190 
1191 oop ConstantPool::string_at_impl(const constantPoolHandle& this_cp, int which, int obj_index, TRAPS) {
1192   // If the string has already been interned, this entry will be non-null
1193   oop str = this_cp->resolved_references()->obj_at(obj_index);
1194   assert(str != Universe::the_null_sentinel(), "");
1195   if (str != NULL) return str;
1196   Symbol* sym = this_cp->unresolved_string_at(which);
1197   str = StringTable::intern(sym, CHECK_(NULL));
1198   this_cp->string_at_put(which, obj_index, str);
1199   assert(java_lang_String::is_instance(str), "must be string");
1200   return str;
1201 }
1202 
1203 
1204 bool ConstantPool::klass_name_at_matches(const InstanceKlass* k, int which) {
1205   // Names are interned, so we can compare Symbol*s directly
1206   Symbol* cp_name = klass_name_at(which);
1207   return (cp_name == k->name());
1208 }
1209 
1210 
1211 // Iterate over symbols and decrement ones which are Symbol*s
1212 // This is done during GC.
1213 // Only decrement the UTF8 symbols. Strings point to
1214 // these symbols but didn't increment the reference count.
1215 void ConstantPool::unreference_symbols() {
1216   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
1217     constantTag tag = tag_at(index);
1218     if (tag.is_symbol()) {
1219       symbol_at(index)->decrement_refcount();
1220     }
1221   }
1222 }
1223 
1224 
1225 // Compare this constant pool's entry at index1 to the constant pool
1226 // cp2's entry at index2.
1227 bool ConstantPool::compare_entry_to(int index1, const constantPoolHandle& cp2,
1228        int index2, TRAPS) {
1229 
1230   // The error tags are equivalent to non-error tags when comparing
1231   jbyte t1 = tag_at(index1).non_error_value();
1232   jbyte t2 = cp2->tag_at(index2).non_error_value();
1233 
1234   if (t1 != t2) {
1235     // Not the same entry type so there is nothing else to check. Note
1236     // that this style of checking will consider resolved/unresolved
1237     // class pairs as different.
1238     // From the ConstantPool* API point of view, this is correct
1239     // behavior. See VM_RedefineClasses::merge_constant_pools() to see how this
1240     // plays out in the context of ConstantPool* merging.
1241     return false;
1242   }
1243 
1244   switch (t1) {
1245   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
1246   {
1247     Klass* k1 = klass_at(index1, CHECK_false);
1248     Klass* k2 = cp2->klass_at(index2, CHECK_false);
1249     if (k1 == k2) {
1250       return true;
1251     }
1252   } break;
1253 
1254   case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
1255   {
1256     int recur1 = klass_index_at(index1);
1257     int recur2 = cp2->klass_index_at(index2);
1258     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1259     if (match) {
1260       return true;
1261     }
1262   } break;
1263 
1264   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1265   {
1266     jdouble d1 = double_at(index1);
1267     jdouble d2 = cp2->double_at(index2);
1268     if (d1 == d2) {
1269       return true;
1270     }
1271   } break;
1272 
1273   case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
1274   case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
1275   case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
1276   {
1277     int recur1 = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index1);
1278     int recur2 = cp2->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index2);
1279     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1280     if (match) {
1281       recur1 = uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1282       recur2 = cp2->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1283       match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1284       if (match) {
1285         return true;
1286       }
1287     }
1288   } break;
1289 
1290   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1291   {
1292     jfloat f1 = float_at(index1);
1293     jfloat f2 = cp2->float_at(index2);
1294     if (f1 == f2) {
1295       return true;
1296     }
1297   } break;
1298 
1299   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1300   {
1301     jint i1 = int_at(index1);
1302     jint i2 = cp2->int_at(index2);
1303     if (i1 == i2) {
1304       return true;
1305     }
1306   } break;
1307 
1308   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1309   {
1310     jlong l1 = long_at(index1);
1311     jlong l2 = cp2->long_at(index2);
1312     if (l1 == l2) {
1313       return true;
1314     }
1315   } break;
1316 
1317   case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
1318   {
1319     int recur1 = name_ref_index_at(index1);
1320     int recur2 = cp2->name_ref_index_at(index2);
1321     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1322     if (match) {
1323       recur1 = signature_ref_index_at(index1);
1324       recur2 = cp2->signature_ref_index_at(index2);
1325       match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1326       if (match) {
1327         return true;
1328       }
1329     }
1330   } break;
1331 
1332   case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
1333   {
1334     int recur1 = string_index_at(index1);
1335     int recur2 = cp2->string_index_at(index2);
1336     bool match = compare_entry_to(recur1, cp2, recur2, CHECK_false);
1337     if (match) {
1338       return true;
1339     }
1340   } break;
1341 
1342   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
1343   {
1344     Symbol* k1 = klass_name_at(index1);
1345     Symbol* k2 = cp2->klass_name_at(index2);
1346     if (k1 == k2) {
1347       return true;
1348     }
1349   } break;
1350 
1351   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1352   {
1353     int k1 = method_type_index_at(index1);
1354     int k2 = cp2->method_type_index_at(index2);
1355     bool match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1356     if (match) {
1357       return true;
1358     }
1359   } break;
1360 
1361   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
1362   {
1363     int k1 = method_handle_ref_kind_at(index1);
1364     int k2 = cp2->method_handle_ref_kind_at(index2);
1365     if (k1 == k2) {
1366       int i1 = method_handle_index_at(index1);
1367       int i2 = cp2->method_handle_index_at(index2);
1368       bool match = compare_entry_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1369       if (match) {
1370         return true;
1371       }
1372     }
1373   } break;
1374 
1375   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
1376   {
1377     int k1 = bootstrap_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1378     int k2 = cp2->bootstrap_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1379     int i1 = bootstrap_methods_attribute_index(index1);
1380     int i2 = cp2->bootstrap_methods_attribute_index(index2);
1381     // separate statements and variables because CHECK_false is used
1382     bool match_entry = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1383     bool match_operand = compare_operand_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1384     return (match_entry && match_operand);
1385   } break;
1386 
1387   case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
1388   {
1389     int k1 = bootstrap_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index1);
1390     int k2 = cp2->bootstrap_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index2);
1391     int i1 = bootstrap_methods_attribute_index(index1);
1392     int i2 = cp2->bootstrap_methods_attribute_index(index2);
1393     // separate statements and variables because CHECK_false is used
1394     bool match_entry = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1395     bool match_operand = compare_operand_to(i1, cp2, i2, CHECK_false);
1396     return (match_entry && match_operand);
1397   } break;
1398 
1399   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
1400   {
1401     Symbol* s1 = unresolved_string_at(index1);
1402     Symbol* s2 = cp2->unresolved_string_at(index2);
1403     if (s1 == s2) {
1404       return true;
1405     }
1406   } break;
1407 
1408   case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
1409   {
1410     Symbol* s1 = symbol_at(index1);
1411     Symbol* s2 = cp2->symbol_at(index2);
1412     if (s1 == s2) {
1413       return true;
1414     }
1415   } break;
1416 
1417   // Invalid is used as the tag for the second constant pool entry
1418   // occupied by JVM_CONSTANT_Double or JVM_CONSTANT_Long. It should
1419   // not be seen by itself.
1420   case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: // fall through
1421 
1422   default:
1423     ShouldNotReachHere();
1424     break;
1425   }
1426 
1427   return false;
1428 } // end compare_entry_to()
1429 
1430 
1431 // Resize the operands array with delta_len and delta_size.
1432 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1433 void ConstantPool::resize_operands(int delta_len, int delta_size, TRAPS) {
1434   int old_len  = operand_array_length(operands());
1435   int new_len  = old_len + delta_len;
1436   int min_len  = (delta_len > 0) ? old_len : new_len;
1437 
1438   int old_size = operands()->length();
1439   int new_size = old_size + delta_size;
1440   int min_size = (delta_size > 0) ? old_size : new_size;
1441 
1442   ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1443   Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, new_size, CHECK);
1444 
1445   // Set index in the resized array for existing elements only
1446   for (int idx = 0; idx < min_len; idx++) {
1447     int offset = operand_offset_at(idx);                       // offset in original array
1448     operand_offset_at_put(new_ops, idx, offset + 2*delta_len); // offset in resized array
1449   }
1450   // Copy the bootstrap specifiers only
1451   Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(operands()->adr_at(2*old_len),
1452                                new_ops->adr_at(2*new_len),
1453                                (min_size - 2*min_len) * sizeof(u2));
1454   // Explicitly deallocate old operands array.
1455   // Note, it is not needed for 7u backport.
1456   if ( operands() != NULL) { // the safety check
1457     MetadataFactory::free_array<u2>(loader_data, operands());
1458   }
1459   set_operands(new_ops);
1460 } // end resize_operands()
1461 
1462 
1463 // Extend the operands array with the length and size of the ext_cp operands.
1464 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1465 void ConstantPool::extend_operands(const constantPoolHandle& ext_cp, TRAPS) {
1466   int delta_len = operand_array_length(ext_cp->operands());
1467   if (delta_len == 0) {
1468     return; // nothing to do
1469   }
1470   int delta_size = ext_cp->operands()->length();
1471 
1472   assert(delta_len  > 0 && delta_size > 0, "extended operands array must be bigger");
1473 
1474   if (operand_array_length(operands()) == 0) {
1475     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1476     Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, delta_size, CHECK);
1477     // The first element index defines the offset of second part
1478     operand_offset_at_put(new_ops, 0, 2*delta_len); // offset in new array
1479     set_operands(new_ops);
1480   } else {
1481     resize_operands(delta_len, delta_size, CHECK);
1482   }
1483 
1484 } // end extend_operands()
1485 
1486 
1487 // Shrink the operands array to a smaller array with new_len length.
1488 // Used in RedefineClasses for CP merge.
1489 void ConstantPool::shrink_operands(int new_len, TRAPS) {
1490   int old_len = operand_array_length(operands());
1491   if (new_len == old_len) {
1492     return; // nothing to do
1493   }
1494   assert(new_len < old_len, "shrunken operands array must be smaller");
1495 
1496   int free_base  = operand_next_offset_at(new_len - 1);
1497   int delta_len  = new_len - old_len;
1498   int delta_size = 2*delta_len + free_base - operands()->length();
1499 
1500   resize_operands(delta_len, delta_size, CHECK);
1501 
1502 } // end shrink_operands()
1503 
1504 
1505 void ConstantPool::copy_operands(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp,
1506                                  const constantPoolHandle& to_cp,
1507                                  TRAPS) {
1508 
1509   int from_oplen = operand_array_length(from_cp->operands());
1510   int old_oplen  = operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());
1511   if (from_oplen != 0) {
1512     ClassLoaderData* loader_data = to_cp->pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
1513     // append my operands to the target's operands array
1514     if (old_oplen == 0) {
1515       // Can't just reuse from_cp's operand list because of deallocation issues
1516       int len = from_cp->operands()->length();
1517       Array<u2>* new_ops = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, len, CHECK);
1518       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(
1519           from_cp->operands()->adr_at(0), new_ops->adr_at(0), len * sizeof(u2));
1520       to_cp->set_operands(new_ops);
1521     } else {
1522       int old_len  = to_cp->operands()->length();
1523       int from_len = from_cp->operands()->length();
1524       int old_off  = old_oplen * sizeof(u2);
1525       int from_off = from_oplen * sizeof(u2);
1526       // Use the metaspace for the destination constant pool
1527       Array<u2>* new_operands = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(loader_data, old_len + from_len, CHECK);
1528       int fillp = 0, len = 0;
1529       // first part of dest
1530       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(to_cp->operands()->adr_at(0),
1531                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1532                                    (len = old_off) * sizeof(u2));
1533       fillp += len;
1534       // first part of src
1535       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(from_cp->operands()->adr_at(0),
1536                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1537                                    (len = from_off) * sizeof(u2));
1538       fillp += len;
1539       // second part of dest
1540       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(to_cp->operands()->adr_at(old_off),
1541                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1542                                    (len = old_len - old_off) * sizeof(u2));
1543       fillp += len;
1544       // second part of src
1545       Copy::conjoint_memory_atomic(from_cp->operands()->adr_at(from_off),
1546                                    new_operands->adr_at(fillp),
1547                                    (len = from_len - from_off) * sizeof(u2));
1548       fillp += len;
1549       assert(fillp == new_operands->length(), "");
1550 
1551       // Adjust indexes in the first part of the copied operands array.
1552       for (int j = 0; j < from_oplen; j++) {
1553         int offset = operand_offset_at(new_operands, old_oplen + j);
1554         assert(offset == operand_offset_at(from_cp->operands(), j), "correct copy");
1555         offset += old_len;  // every new tuple is preceded by old_len extra u2's
1556         operand_offset_at_put(new_operands, old_oplen + j, offset);
1557       }
1558 
1559       // replace target operands array with combined array
1560       to_cp->set_operands(new_operands);
1561     }
1562   }
1563 } // end copy_operands()
1564 
1565 
1566 // Copy this constant pool's entries at start_i to end_i (inclusive)
1567 // to the constant pool to_cp's entries starting at to_i. A total of
1568 // (end_i - start_i) + 1 entries are copied.
1569 void ConstantPool::copy_cp_to_impl(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp, int start_i, int end_i,
1570        const constantPoolHandle& to_cp, int to_i, TRAPS) {
1571 
1572 
1573   int dest_i = to_i;  // leave original alone for debug purposes
1574 
1575   for (int src_i = start_i; src_i <= end_i; /* see loop bottom */ ) {
1576     copy_entry_to(from_cp, src_i, to_cp, dest_i, CHECK);
1577 
1578     switch (from_cp->tag_at(src_i).value()) {
1579     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1580     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1581       // double and long take two constant pool entries
1582       src_i += 2;
1583       dest_i += 2;
1584       break;
1585 
1586     default:
1587       // all others take one constant pool entry
1588       src_i++;
1589       dest_i++;
1590       break;
1591     }
1592   }
1593   copy_operands(from_cp, to_cp, CHECK);
1594 
1595 } // end copy_cp_to_impl()
1596 
1597 
1598 // Copy this constant pool's entry at from_i to the constant pool
1599 // to_cp's entry at to_i.
1600 void ConstantPool::copy_entry_to(const constantPoolHandle& from_cp, int from_i,
1601                                         const constantPoolHandle& to_cp, int to_i,
1602                                         TRAPS) {
1603 
1604   int tag = from_cp->tag_at(from_i).value();
1605   switch (tag) {
1606   case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
1607   {
1608     jint ki = from_cp->klass_index_at(from_i);
1609     to_cp->klass_index_at_put(to_i, ki);
1610   } break;
1611 
1612   case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
1613   {
1614     jdouble d = from_cp->double_at(from_i);
1615     to_cp->double_at_put(to_i, d);
1616     // double takes two constant pool entries so init second entry's tag
1617     to_cp->tag_at_put(to_i + 1, JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid);
1618   } break;
1619 
1620   case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
1621   {
1622     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1623     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1624     to_cp->field_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1625   } break;
1626 
1627   case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1628   {
1629     jfloat f = from_cp->float_at(from_i);
1630     to_cp->float_at_put(to_i, f);
1631   } break;
1632 
1633   case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1634   {
1635     jint i = from_cp->int_at(from_i);
1636     to_cp->int_at_put(to_i, i);
1637   } break;
1638 
1639   case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
1640   {
1641     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1642     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1643     to_cp->interface_method_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1644   } break;
1645 
1646   case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
1647   {
1648     jlong l = from_cp->long_at(from_i);
1649     to_cp->long_at_put(to_i, l);
1650     // long takes two constant pool entries so init second entry's tag
1651     to_cp->tag_at_put(to_i + 1, JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid);
1652   } break;
1653 
1654   case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
1655   {
1656     int class_index = from_cp->uncached_klass_ref_index_at(from_i);
1657     int name_and_type_index = from_cp->uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1658     to_cp->method_at_put(to_i, class_index, name_and_type_index);
1659   } break;
1660 
1661   case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
1662   {
1663     int name_ref_index = from_cp->name_ref_index_at(from_i);
1664     int signature_ref_index = from_cp->signature_ref_index_at(from_i);
1665     to_cp->name_and_type_at_put(to_i, name_ref_index, signature_ref_index);
1666   } break;
1667 
1668   case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
1669   {
1670     jint si = from_cp->string_index_at(from_i);
1671     to_cp->string_index_at_put(to_i, si);
1672   } break;
1673 
1674   case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
1675   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
1676   case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
1677   {
1678     // Revert to JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex
1679     int name_index = from_cp->klass_slot_at(from_i).name_index();
1680     assert(from_cp->tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
1681     to_cp->klass_index_at_put(to_i, name_index);
1682   } break;
1683 
1684   case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
1685   {
1686     Symbol* s = from_cp->unresolved_string_at(from_i);
1687     to_cp->unresolved_string_at_put(to_i, s);
1688   } break;
1689 
1690   case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
1691   {
1692     Symbol* s = from_cp->symbol_at(from_i);
1693     // Need to increase refcount, the old one will be thrown away and deferenced
1694     s->increment_refcount();
1695     to_cp->symbol_at_put(to_i, s);
1696   } break;
1697 
1698   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1699   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
1700   {
1701     jint k = from_cp->method_type_index_at(from_i);
1702     to_cp->method_type_index_at_put(to_i, k);
1703   } break;
1704 
1705   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
1706   case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
1707   {
1708     int k1 = from_cp->method_handle_ref_kind_at(from_i);
1709     int k2 = from_cp->method_handle_index_at(from_i);
1710     to_cp->method_handle_index_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1711   } break;
1712 
1713   case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
1714   case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError:
1715   {
1716     int k1 = from_cp->bootstrap_methods_attribute_index(from_i);
1717     int k2 = from_cp->bootstrap_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1718     k1 += operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());  // to_cp might already have operands
1719     to_cp->dynamic_constant_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1720   } break;
1721 
1722   case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
1723   {
1724     int k1 = from_cp->bootstrap_methods_attribute_index(from_i);
1725     int k2 = from_cp->bootstrap_name_and_type_ref_index_at(from_i);
1726     k1 += operand_array_length(to_cp->operands());  // to_cp might already have operands
1727     to_cp->invoke_dynamic_at_put(to_i, k1, k2);
1728   } break;
1729 
1730   // Invalid is used as the tag for the second constant pool entry
1731   // occupied by JVM_CONSTANT_Double or JVM_CONSTANT_Long. It should
1732   // not be seen by itself.
1733   case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: // fall through
1734 
1735   default:
1736   {
1737     ShouldNotReachHere();
1738   } break;
1739   }
1740 } // end copy_entry_to()
1741 
1742 // Search constant pool search_cp for an entry that matches this
1743 // constant pool's entry at pattern_i. Returns the index of a
1744 // matching entry or zero (0) if there is no matching entry.
1745 int ConstantPool::find_matching_entry(int pattern_i,
1746       const constantPoolHandle& search_cp, TRAPS) {
1747 
1748   // index zero (0) is not used
1749   for (int i = 1; i < search_cp->length(); i++) {
1750     bool found = compare_entry_to(pattern_i, search_cp, i, CHECK_0);
1751     if (found) {
1752       return i;
1753     }
1754   }
1755 
1756   return 0;  // entry not found; return unused index zero (0)
1757 } // end find_matching_entry()
1758 
1759 
1760 // Compare this constant pool's bootstrap specifier at idx1 to the constant pool
1761 // cp2's bootstrap specifier at idx2.
1762 bool ConstantPool::compare_operand_to(int idx1, const constantPoolHandle& cp2, int idx2, TRAPS) {
1763   int k1 = operand_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(idx1);
1764   int k2 = cp2->operand_bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(idx2);
1765   bool match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1766 
1767   if (!match) {
1768     return false;
1769   }
1770   int argc = operand_argument_count_at(idx1);
1771   if (argc == cp2->operand_argument_count_at(idx2)) {
1772     for (int j = 0; j < argc; j++) {
1773       k1 = operand_argument_index_at(idx1, j);
1774       k2 = cp2->operand_argument_index_at(idx2, j);
1775       match = compare_entry_to(k1, cp2, k2, CHECK_false);
1776       if (!match) {
1777         return false;
1778       }
1779     }
1780     return true;           // got through loop; all elements equal
1781   }
1782   return false;
1783 } // end compare_operand_to()
1784 
1785 // Search constant pool search_cp for a bootstrap specifier that matches
1786 // this constant pool's bootstrap specifier data at pattern_i index.
1787 // Return the index of a matching bootstrap attribute record or (-1) if there is no match.
1788 int ConstantPool::find_matching_operand(int pattern_i,
1789                     const constantPoolHandle& search_cp, int search_len, TRAPS) {
1790   for (int i = 0; i < search_len; i++) {
1791     bool found = compare_operand_to(pattern_i, search_cp, i, CHECK_(-1));
1792     if (found) {
1793       return i;
1794     }
1795   }
1796   return -1;  // bootstrap specifier data not found; return unused index (-1)
1797 } // end find_matching_operand()
1798 
1799 
1800 #ifndef PRODUCT
1801 
1802 const char* ConstantPool::printable_name_at(int which) {
1803 
1804   constantTag tag = tag_at(which);
1805 
1806   if (tag.is_string()) {
1807     return string_at_noresolve(which);
1808   } else if (tag.is_klass() || tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
1809     return klass_name_at(which)->as_C_string();
1810   } else if (tag.is_symbol()) {
1811     return symbol_at(which)->as_C_string();
1812   }
1813   return "";
1814 }
1815 
1816 #endif // PRODUCT
1817 
1818 
1819 // JVMTI GetConstantPool support
1820 
1821 // For debugging of constant pool
1822 const bool debug_cpool = false;
1823 
1824 #define DBG(code) do { if (debug_cpool) { (code); } } while(0)
1825 
1826 static void print_cpool_bytes(jint cnt, u1 *bytes) {
1827   const char* WARN_MSG = "Must not be such entry!";
1828   jint size = 0;
1829   u2   idx1, idx2;
1830 
1831   for (jint idx = 1; idx < cnt; idx++) {
1832     jint ent_size = 0;
1833     u1   tag  = *bytes++;
1834     size++;                       // count tag
1835 
1836     printf("const #%03d, tag: %02d ", idx, tag);
1837     switch(tag) {
1838       case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: {
1839         printf("Invalid");
1840         break;
1841       }
1842       case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode: {
1843         printf("Unicode      %s", WARN_MSG);
1844         break;
1845       }
1846       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
1847         u2 len = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1848         char str[128];
1849         if (len > 127) {
1850            len = 127;
1851         }
1852         strncpy(str, (char *) (bytes+2), len);
1853         str[len] = '\0';
1854         printf("Utf8          \"%s\"", str);
1855         ent_size = 2 + len;
1856         break;
1857       }
1858       case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer: {
1859         u4 val = Bytes::get_Java_u4(bytes);
1860         printf("int          %d", *(int *) &val);
1861         ent_size = 4;
1862         break;
1863       }
1864       case JVM_CONSTANT_Float: {
1865         u4 val = Bytes::get_Java_u4(bytes);
1866         printf("float        %5.3ff", *(float *) &val);
1867         ent_size = 4;
1868         break;
1869       }
1870       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long: {
1871         u8 val = Bytes::get_Java_u8(bytes);
1872         printf("long         " INT64_FORMAT, (int64_t) *(jlong *) &val);
1873         ent_size = 8;
1874         idx++; // Long takes two cpool slots
1875         break;
1876       }
1877       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
1878         u8 val = Bytes::get_Java_u8(bytes);
1879         printf("double       %5.3fd", *(jdouble *)&val);
1880         ent_size = 8;
1881         idx++; // Double takes two cpool slots
1882         break;
1883       }
1884       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class: {
1885         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1886         printf("class        #%03d", idx1);
1887         ent_size = 2;
1888         break;
1889       }
1890       case (JVM_CONSTANT_Class | JVM_CONSTANT_QDescBit): {
1891         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1892         printf("qclass        #%03d", idx1);
1893         ent_size = 2;
1894         break;
1895       }
1896       case JVM_CONSTANT_String: {
1897         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1898         printf("String       #%03d", idx1);
1899         ent_size = 2;
1900         break;
1901       }
1902       case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref: {
1903         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1904         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1905         printf("Field        #%03d, #%03d", (int) idx1, (int) idx2);
1906         ent_size = 4;
1907         break;
1908       }
1909       case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref: {
1910         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1911         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1912         printf("Method       #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1913         ent_size = 4;
1914         break;
1915       }
1916       case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: {
1917         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1918         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1919         printf("InterfMethod #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1920         ent_size = 4;
1921         break;
1922       }
1923       case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
1924         idx1 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes);
1925         idx2 = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bytes+2);
1926         printf("NameAndType  #%03d, #%03d", idx1, idx2);
1927         ent_size = 4;
1928         break;
1929       }
1930       case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
1931         printf("ClassIndex  %s", WARN_MSG);
1932         break;
1933       }
1934       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass: {
1935         printf("UnresolvedClass: %s", WARN_MSG);
1936         break;
1937       }
1938       case (JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass | JVM_CONSTANT_QDescBit): {
1939         printf("UnresolvedQClass: %s", WARN_MSG);
1940         break;
1941       }
1942       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
1943         printf("UnresolvedClassInErr: %s", WARN_MSG);
1944         break;
1945       }
1946       case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: {
1947         printf("StringIndex: %s", WARN_MSG);
1948         break;
1949       }
1950     }
1951     printf(";\n");
1952     bytes += ent_size;
1953     size  += ent_size;
1954   }
1955   printf("Cpool size: %d\n", size);
1956   fflush(0);
1957   return;
1958 } /* end print_cpool_bytes */
1959 
1960 
1961 // Returns size of constant pool entry.
1962 jint ConstantPool::cpool_entry_size(jint idx) {
1963   switch(tag_at(idx).value()) {
1964     case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid:
1965     case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode:
1966       return 1;
1967 
1968     case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8:
1969       return 3 + symbol_at(idx)->utf8_length();
1970 
1971     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
1972     case JVM_CONSTANT_String:
1973     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex:
1974     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
1975     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError:
1976     case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex:
1977     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
1978     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError:
1979       return 3;
1980 
1981     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
1982     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError:
1983       return 4; //tag, ref_kind, ref_index
1984 
1985     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer:
1986     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float:
1987     case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
1988     case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
1989     case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref:
1990     case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType:
1991       return 5;
1992 
1993     case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
1994     case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError:
1995     case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic:
1996       // u1 tag, u2 bsm, u2 nt
1997       return 5;
1998 
1999     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
2000     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double:
2001       return 9;
2002   }
2003   assert(false, "cpool_entry_size: Invalid constant pool entry tag");
2004   return 1;
2005 } /* end cpool_entry_size */
2006 
2007 
2008 // SymbolHashMap is used to find a constant pool index from a string.
2009 // This function fills in SymbolHashMaps, one for utf8s and one for
2010 // class names, returns size of the cpool raw bytes.
2011 jint ConstantPool::hash_entries_to(SymbolHashMap *symmap,
2012                                           SymbolHashMap *classmap) {
2013   jint size = 0;
2014 
2015   for (u2 idx = 1; idx < length(); idx++) {
2016     u2 tag = tag_at(idx).value();
2017     size += cpool_entry_size(idx);
2018 
2019     switch(tag) {
2020       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
2021         Symbol* sym = symbol_at(idx);
2022         symmap->add_entry(sym, idx);
2023         DBG(printf("adding symbol entry %s = %d\n", sym->as_utf8(), idx));
2024         break;
2025       }
2026       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
2027       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
2028       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2029         Symbol* sym = klass_name_at(idx);
2030         classmap->add_entry(sym, idx);
2031         DBG(printf("adding class entry %s = %d\n", sym->as_utf8(), idx));
2032         break;
2033       }
2034       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long:
2035       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
2036         idx++; // Both Long and Double take two cpool slots
2037         break;
2038       }
2039     }
2040   }
2041   return size;
2042 } /* end hash_utf8_entries_to */
2043 
2044 
2045 // Copy cpool bytes.
2046 // Returns:
2047 //    0, in case of OutOfMemoryError
2048 //   -1, in case of internal error
2049 //  > 0, count of the raw cpool bytes that have been copied
2050 int ConstantPool::copy_cpool_bytes(int cpool_size,
2051                                           SymbolHashMap* tbl,
2052                                           unsigned char *bytes) {
2053   u2   idx1, idx2;
2054   jint size  = 0;
2055   jint cnt   = length();
2056   unsigned char *start_bytes = bytes;
2057 
2058   for (jint idx = 1; idx < cnt; idx++) {
2059     u1   tag      = tag_at(idx).value();
2060     jint ent_size = cpool_entry_size(idx);
2061 
2062     assert(size + ent_size <= cpool_size, "Size mismatch");
2063 
2064     *bytes = tag;
2065     DBG(printf("#%03hd tag=%03hd, ", (short)idx, (short)tag));
2066     switch(tag) {
2067       case JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid: {
2068         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Invalid"));
2069         break;
2070       }
2071       case JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode: {
2072         assert(false, "Wrong constant pool tag: JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode");
2073         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Unicode"));
2074         break;
2075       }
2076       case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: {
2077         Symbol* sym = symbol_at(idx);
2078         char*     str = sym->as_utf8();
2079         // Warning! It's crashing on x86 with len = sym->utf8_length()
2080         int       len = (int) strlen(str);
2081         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), (u2) len);
2082         for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
2083             bytes[3+i] = (u1) str[i];
2084         }
2085         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: %s ", str));
2086         break;
2087       }
2088       case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer: {
2089         jint val = int_at(idx);
2090         Bytes::put_Java_u4((address) (bytes+1), *(u4*)&val);
2091         break;
2092       }
2093       case JVM_CONSTANT_Float: {
2094         jfloat val = float_at(idx);
2095         Bytes::put_Java_u4((address) (bytes+1), *(u4*)&val);
2096         break;
2097       }
2098       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long: {
2099         jlong val = long_at(idx);
2100         Bytes::put_Java_u8((address) (bytes+1), *(u8*)&val);
2101         idx++;             // Long takes two cpool slots
2102         break;
2103       }
2104       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double: {
2105         jdouble val = double_at(idx);
2106         Bytes::put_Java_u8((address) (bytes+1), *(u8*)&val);
2107         idx++;             // Double takes two cpool slots
2108         break;
2109       }
2110       case JVM_CONSTANT_Class:
2111       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass:
2112       case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2113         assert(!tag_at(idx).is_Qdescriptor_klass(), "Failed to encode QDesc");
2114         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_Class;
2115         Symbol* sym = klass_name_at(idx);
2116         idx1 = tbl->symbol_to_value(sym);
2117         assert(idx1 != 0, "Have not found a hashtable entry");
2118         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2119         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Class: idx=#%03hd, %s", idx1, sym->as_utf8()));
2120         break;
2121       }
2122       case JVM_CONSTANT_String: {
2123         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_String;
2124         Symbol* sym = unresolved_string_at(idx);
2125         idx1 = tbl->symbol_to_value(sym);
2126         assert(idx1 != 0, "Have not found a hashtable entry");
2127         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2128         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_String: idx=#%03hd, %s", idx1, sym->as_utf8()));
2129         break;
2130       }
2131       case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref:
2132       case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref:
2133       case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: {
2134         idx1 = uncached_klass_ref_index_at(idx);
2135         idx2 = uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx);
2136         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2137         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2138         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2139         break;
2140       }
2141       case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: {
2142         idx1 = name_ref_index_at(idx);
2143         idx2 = signature_ref_index_at(idx);
2144         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2145         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2146         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2147         break;
2148       }
2149       case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
2150         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_Class;
2151         idx1 = klass_index_at(idx);
2152         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2153         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: %hd", idx1));
2154         break;
2155       }
2156       case JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: {
2157         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_String;
2158         idx1 = string_index_at(idx);
2159         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2160         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_StringIndex: %hd", idx1));
2161         break;
2162       }
2163       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle:
2164       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError: {
2165         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle;
2166         int kind = method_handle_ref_kind_at(idx);
2167         idx1 = method_handle_index_at(idx);
2168         *(bytes+1) = (unsigned char) kind;
2169         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+2), idx1);
2170         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle: %d %hd", kind, idx1));
2171         break;
2172       }
2173       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType:
2174       case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError: {
2175         *bytes = JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType;
2176         idx1 = method_type_index_at(idx);
2177         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2178         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType: %hd", idx1));
2179         break;
2180       }
2181       case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
2182       case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError: {
2183         *bytes = tag;
2184         idx1 = extract_low_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2185         idx2 = extract_high_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2186         assert(idx2 == bootstrap_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx), "correct half of u4");
2187         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2188         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2189         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2190         break;
2191       }
2192       case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic: {
2193         *bytes = tag;
2194         idx1 = extract_low_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2195         idx2 = extract_high_short_from_int(*int_at_addr(idx));
2196         assert(idx2 == bootstrap_name_and_type_ref_index_at(idx), "correct half of u4");
2197         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+1), idx1);
2198         Bytes::put_Java_u2((address) (bytes+3), idx2);
2199         DBG(printf("JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic: %hd %hd", idx1, idx2));
2200         break;
2201       }
2202     }
2203     DBG(printf("\n"));
2204     bytes += ent_size;
2205     size  += ent_size;
2206   }
2207   assert(size == cpool_size, "Size mismatch");
2208 
2209   // Keep temorarily for debugging until it's stable.
2210   DBG(print_cpool_bytes(cnt, start_bytes));
2211   return (int)(bytes - start_bytes);
2212 } /* end copy_cpool_bytes */
2213 
2214 #undef DBG
2215 
2216 
2217 void ConstantPool::set_on_stack(const bool value) {
2218   if (value) {
2219     // Only record if it's not already set.
2220     if (!on_stack()) {
2221       assert(!is_shared(), "should always be set for shared constant pools");
2222       _flags |= _on_stack;
2223       MetadataOnStackMark::record(this);
2224     }
2225   } else {
2226     // Clearing is done single-threadedly.
2227     if (!is_shared()) {
2228       _flags &= ~_on_stack;
2229     }
2230   }
2231 }
2232 
2233 // JSR 292 support for patching constant pool oops after the class is linked and
2234 // the oop array for resolved references are created.
2235 // We can't do this during classfile parsing, which is how the other indexes are
2236 // patched.  The other patches are applied early for some error checking
2237 // so only defer the pseudo_strings.
2238 void ConstantPool::patch_resolved_references(GrowableArray<Handle>* cp_patches) {
2239   for (int index = 1; index < cp_patches->length(); index++) { // Index 0 is unused
2240     Handle patch = cp_patches->at(index);
2241     if (patch.not_null()) {
2242       assert (tag_at(index).is_string(), "should only be string left");
2243       // Patching a string means pre-resolving it.
2244       // The spelling in the constant pool is ignored.
2245       // The constant reference may be any object whatever.
2246       // If it is not a real interned string, the constant is referred
2247       // to as a "pseudo-string", and must be presented to the CP
2248       // explicitly, because it may require scavenging.
2249       int obj_index = cp_to_object_index(index);
2250       pseudo_string_at_put(index, obj_index, patch());
2251      DEBUG_ONLY(cp_patches->at_put(index, Handle());)
2252     }
2253   }
2254 #ifdef ASSERT
2255   // Ensure that all the patches have been used.
2256   for (int index = 0; index < cp_patches->length(); index++) {
2257     assert(cp_patches->at(index).is_null(),
2258            "Unused constant pool patch at %d in class file %s",
2259            index,
2260            pool_holder()->external_name());
2261   }
2262 #endif // ASSERT
2263 }
2264 
2265 // Printing
2266 
2267 void ConstantPool::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
2268   assert(is_constantPool(), "must be constantPool");
2269   st->print_cr("%s", internal_name());
2270   if (flags() != 0) {
2271     st->print(" - flags: 0x%x", flags());
2272     if (has_preresolution()) st->print(" has_preresolution");
2273     if (on_stack()) st->print(" on_stack");
2274     st->cr();
2275   }
2276   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2277     st->print_cr(" - holder: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(pool_holder()));
2278   }
2279   st->print_cr(" - cache: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(cache()));
2280   st->print_cr(" - resolved_references: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(resolved_references()));
2281   st->print_cr(" - reference_map: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(reference_map()));
2282   st->print_cr(" - resolved_klasses: " INTPTR_FORMAT, p2i(resolved_klasses()));
2283 
2284   for (int index = 1; index < length(); index++) {      // Index 0 is unused
2285     ((ConstantPool*)this)->print_entry_on(index, st);
2286     switch (tag_at(index).value()) {
2287       case JVM_CONSTANT_Long :
2288       case JVM_CONSTANT_Double :
2289         index++;   // Skip entry following eigth-byte constant
2290     }
2291 
2292   }
2293   st->cr();
2294 }
2295 
2296 // Print one constant pool entry
2297 void ConstantPool::print_entry_on(const int index, outputStream* st) {
2298   EXCEPTION_MARK;
2299   st->print(" - %3d : ", index);
2300   tag_at(index).print_on(st);
2301   st->print(" : ");
2302   switch (tag_at(index).value()) {
2303     case JVM_CONSTANT_Class :
2304       { Klass* k = klass_at(index, CATCH);
2305         guarantee(k != NULL, "need klass");
2306         k->print_value_on(st);
2307         st->print(" {" PTR_FORMAT "}", p2i(k));
2308       }
2309       break;
2310     case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref :
2311     case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref :
2312     case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref :
2313       st->print("klass_index=%d", uncached_klass_ref_index_at(index));
2314       st->print(" name_and_type_index=%d", uncached_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
2315       break;
2316     case JVM_CONSTANT_String :
2317       if (is_pseudo_string_at(index)) {
2318         oop anObj = pseudo_string_at(index);
2319         anObj->print_value_on(st);
2320         st->print(" {" PTR_FORMAT "}", p2i(anObj));
2321       } else {
2322         unresolved_string_at(index)->print_value_on(st);
2323       }
2324       break;
2325     case JVM_CONSTANT_Integer :
2326       st->print("%d", int_at(index));
2327       break;
2328     case JVM_CONSTANT_Float :
2329       st->print("%f", float_at(index));
2330       break;
2331     case JVM_CONSTANT_Long :
2332       st->print_jlong(long_at(index));
2333       break;
2334     case JVM_CONSTANT_Double :
2335       st->print("%lf", double_at(index));
2336       break;
2337     case JVM_CONSTANT_NameAndType :
2338       st->print("name_index=%d", name_ref_index_at(index));
2339       st->print(" signature_index=%d", signature_ref_index_at(index));
2340       break;
2341     case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8 :
2342       symbol_at(index)->print_value_on(st);
2343       break;
2344     case JVM_CONSTANT_ClassIndex: {
2345         int name_index = *int_at_addr(index);
2346         st->print("klass_index=%d ", name_index);
2347         symbol_at(name_index)->print_value_on(st);
2348       }
2349       break;
2350     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClass :               // fall-through
2351     case JVM_CONSTANT_UnresolvedClassInError: {
2352         CPKlassSlot kslot = klass_slot_at(index);
2353         int resolved_klass_index = kslot.resolved_klass_index();
2354         int name_index = kslot.name_index();
2355         assert(tag_at(name_index).is_symbol(), "sanity");
2356 
2357         Klass* klass = resolved_klasses()->at(resolved_klass_index);
2358         if (klass != NULL) {
2359           klass->print_value_on(st);
2360         } else {
2361           symbol_at(name_index)->print_value_on(st);
2362         }
2363       }
2364       break;
2365     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle :
2366     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandleInError :
2367       st->print("ref_kind=%d", method_handle_ref_kind_at(index));
2368       st->print(" ref_index=%d", method_handle_index_at(index));
2369       break;
2370     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType :
2371     case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodTypeInError :
2372       st->print("signature_index=%d", method_type_index_at(index));
2373       break;
2374     case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic :
2375     case JVM_CONSTANT_DynamicInError :
2376       {
2377         st->print("bootstrap_method_index=%d", bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index));
2378         st->print(" type_index=%d", bootstrap_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
2379         int argc = bootstrap_argument_count_at(index);
2380         if (argc > 0) {
2381           for (int arg_i = 0; arg_i < argc; arg_i++) {
2382             int arg = bootstrap_argument_index_at(index, arg_i);
2383             st->print((arg_i == 0 ? " arguments={%d" : ", %d"), arg);
2384           }
2385           st->print("}");
2386         }
2387       }
2388       break;
2389     case JVM_CONSTANT_InvokeDynamic :
2390       {
2391         st->print("bootstrap_method_index=%d", bootstrap_method_ref_index_at(index));
2392         st->print(" name_and_type_index=%d", bootstrap_name_and_type_ref_index_at(index));
2393         int argc = bootstrap_argument_count_at(index);
2394         if (argc > 0) {
2395           for (int arg_i = 0; arg_i < argc; arg_i++) {
2396             int arg = bootstrap_argument_index_at(index, arg_i);
2397             st->print((arg_i == 0 ? " arguments={%d" : ", %d"), arg);
2398           }
2399           st->print("}");
2400         }
2401       }
2402       break;
2403     default:
2404       ShouldNotReachHere();
2405       break;
2406   }
2407   st->cr();
2408 }
2409 
2410 void ConstantPool::print_value_on(outputStream* st) const {
2411   assert(is_constantPool(), "must be constantPool");
2412   st->print("constant pool [%d]", length());
2413   if (has_preresolution()) st->print("/preresolution");
2414   if (operands() != NULL)  st->print("/operands[%d]", operands()->length());
2415   print_address_on(st);
2416   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2417     st->print(" for ");
2418     pool_holder()->print_value_on(st);
2419     bool extra = (pool_holder()->constants() != this);
2420     if (extra)  st->print(" (extra)");
2421   }
2422   if (cache() != NULL) {
2423     st->print(" cache=" PTR_FORMAT, p2i(cache()));
2424   }
2425 }
2426 
2427 // Verification
2428 
2429 void ConstantPool::verify_on(outputStream* st) {
2430   guarantee(is_constantPool(), "object must be constant pool");
2431   for (int i = 0; i< length();  i++) {
2432     constantTag tag = tag_at(i);
2433     if (tag.is_klass() || tag.is_unresolved_klass()) {
2434       guarantee(klass_name_at(i)->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2435     } else if (tag.is_symbol()) {
2436       CPSlot entry = slot_at(i);
2437       guarantee(entry.get_symbol()->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2438     } else if (tag.is_string()) {
2439       CPSlot entry = slot_at(i);
2440       guarantee(entry.get_symbol()->refcount() != 0, "should have nonzero reference count");
2441     }
2442   }
2443   if (pool_holder() != NULL) {
2444     // Note: pool_holder() can be NULL in temporary constant pools
2445     // used during constant pool merging
2446     guarantee(pool_holder()->is_klass(),    "should be klass");
2447   }
2448 }
2449 
2450 
2451 SymbolHashMap::~SymbolHashMap() {
2452   SymbolHashMapEntry* next;
2453   for (int i = 0; i < _table_size; i++) {
2454     for (SymbolHashMapEntry* cur = bucket(i); cur != NULL; cur = next) {
2455       next = cur->next();
2456       delete(cur);
2457     }
2458   }
2459   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(SymbolHashMapBucket, _buckets);
2460 }
2461 
2462 void SymbolHashMap::add_entry(Symbol* sym, u2 value) {
2463   char *str = sym->as_utf8();
2464   unsigned int hash = compute_hash(str, sym->utf8_length());
2465   unsigned int index = hash % table_size();
2466 
2467   // check if already in map
2468   // we prefer the first entry since it is more likely to be what was used in
2469   // the class file
2470   for (SymbolHashMapEntry *en = bucket(index); en != NULL; en = en->next()) {
2471     assert(en->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2472     if (en->hash() == hash && en->symbol() == sym) {
2473         return;  // already there
2474     }
2475   }
2476 
2477   SymbolHashMapEntry* entry = new SymbolHashMapEntry(hash, sym, value);
2478   entry->set_next(bucket(index));
2479   _buckets[index].set_entry(entry);
2480   assert(entry->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2481 }
2482 
2483 SymbolHashMapEntry* SymbolHashMap::find_entry(Symbol* sym) {
2484   assert(sym != NULL, "SymbolHashMap::find_entry - symbol is NULL");
2485   char *str = sym->as_utf8();
2486   int   len = sym->utf8_length();
2487   unsigned int hash = SymbolHashMap::compute_hash(str, len);
2488   unsigned int index = hash % table_size();
2489   for (SymbolHashMapEntry *en = bucket(index); en != NULL; en = en->next()) {
2490     assert(en->symbol() != NULL, "SymbolHashMapEntry symbol is NULL");
2491     if (en->hash() == hash && en->symbol() == sym) {
2492       return en;
2493     }
2494   }
2495   return NULL;
2496 }
2497 
2498 void SymbolHashMap::initialize_table(int table_size) {
2499   _table_size = table_size;
2500   _buckets = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(SymbolHashMapBucket, table_size, mtSymbol);
2501   for (int index = 0; index < table_size; index++) {
2502     _buckets[index].clear();
2503   }
2504 }