1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/altHashing.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/compactHashtable.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/javaClasses.inline.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  31 #include "gc/shared/collectedHeap.hpp"
  32 #include "gc/shared/oopStorage.inline.hpp"
  33 #include "gc/shared/oopStorageParState.inline.hpp"
  34 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  35 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  36 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  37 #include "memory/filemap.hpp"
  38 #include "memory/heapShared.inline.hpp"
  39 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  40 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  41 #include "oops/access.inline.hpp"
  42 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  43 #include "oops/typeArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  44 #include "oops/weakHandle.inline.hpp"
  45 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/mutexLocker.hpp"
  48 #include "runtime/safepointVerifiers.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/timerTrace.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
  51 #include "services/diagnosticCommand.hpp"
  52 #include "utilities/concurrentHashTable.inline.hpp"
  53 #include "utilities/concurrentHashTableTasks.inline.hpp"
  54 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  55 #include "utilities/utf8.hpp"
  56 
  57 // We prefer short chains of avg 2
  58 const double PREF_AVG_LIST_LEN = 2.0;
  59 // 2^24 is max size
  60 const size_t END_SIZE = 24;
  61 // If a chain gets to 32 something might be wrong
  62 const size_t REHASH_LEN = 32;
  63 // If we have as many dead items as 50% of the number of bucket
  64 const double CLEAN_DEAD_HIGH_WATER_MARK = 0.5;
  65 
  66 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
  67 inline oop read_string_from_compact_hashtable(address base_address, u4 offset) {
  68   assert(sizeof(narrowOop) == sizeof(offset), "must be");
  69   narrowOop v = (narrowOop)offset;
  70   return HeapShared::decode_from_archive(v);
  71 }
  72 
  73 static CompactHashtable<
  74   const jchar*, oop,
  75   read_string_from_compact_hashtable,
  76   java_lang_String::equals
  77 > _shared_table;
  78 #endif
  79 
  80 // --------------------------------------------------------------------------
  81 StringTable* StringTable::_the_table = NULL;
  82 volatile bool StringTable::_alt_hash = false;
  83 
  84 static juint murmur_seed = 0;
  85 
  86 uintx hash_string(const jchar* s, int len, bool useAlt) {
  87   return  useAlt ?
  88     AltHashing::murmur3_32(murmur_seed, s, len) :
  89     java_lang_String::hash_code(s, len);
  90 }
  91 
  92 class StringTableConfig : public StringTableHash::BaseConfig {
  93  private:
  94  public:
  95   static uintx get_hash(WeakHandle<vm_string_table_data> const& value,
  96                         bool* is_dead) {
  97     EXCEPTION_MARK;
  98     oop val_oop = value.peek();
  99     if (val_oop == NULL) {
 100       *is_dead = true;
 101       return 0;
 102     }
 103     *is_dead = false;
 104     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 105     // All String oops are hashed as unicode
 106     int length;
 107     jchar* chars = java_lang_String::as_unicode_string(val_oop, length, THREAD);
 108     if (chars != NULL) {
 109       return hash_string(chars, length, StringTable::_alt_hash);
 110     }
 111     vm_exit_out_of_memory(length, OOM_MALLOC_ERROR, "get hash from oop");
 112     return 0;
 113   }
 114   // We use default allocation/deallocation but counted
 115   static void* allocate_node(size_t size,
 116                              WeakHandle<vm_string_table_data> const& value) {
 117     StringTable::item_added();
 118     return StringTableHash::BaseConfig::allocate_node(size, value);
 119   }
 120   static void free_node(void* memory,
 121                         WeakHandle<vm_string_table_data> const& value) {
 122     value.release();
 123     StringTableHash::BaseConfig::free_node(memory, value);
 124     StringTable::item_removed();
 125   }
 126 };
 127 
 128 class StringTableLookupJchar : StackObj {
 129  private:
 130   Thread* _thread;
 131   uintx _hash;
 132   int _len;
 133   const jchar* _str;
 134   Handle _found;
 135 
 136  public:
 137   StringTableLookupJchar(Thread* thread, uintx hash, const jchar* key, int len)
 138     : _thread(thread), _hash(hash), _len(len), _str(key) {
 139   }
 140   uintx get_hash() const {
 141     return _hash;
 142   }
 143   bool equals(WeakHandle<vm_string_table_data>* value, bool* is_dead) {
 144     oop val_oop = value->peek();
 145     if (val_oop == NULL) {
 146       // dead oop, mark this hash dead for cleaning
 147       *is_dead = true;
 148       return false;
 149     }
 150     bool equals = java_lang_String::equals(val_oop, _str, _len);
 151     if (!equals) {
 152       return false;
 153     }
 154     // Need to resolve weak handle and Handleize through possible safepoint.
 155      _found = Handle(_thread, value->resolve());
 156     return true;
 157   }
 158 };
 159 
 160 class StringTableLookupOop : public StackObj {
 161  private:
 162   Thread* _thread;
 163   uintx _hash;
 164   Handle _find;
 165   Handle _found;  // Might be a different oop with the same value that's already
 166                   // in the table, which is the point.
 167  public:
 168   StringTableLookupOop(Thread* thread, uintx hash, Handle handle)
 169     : _thread(thread), _hash(hash), _find(handle) { }
 170 
 171   uintx get_hash() const {
 172     return _hash;
 173   }
 174 
 175   bool equals(WeakHandle<vm_string_table_data>* value, bool* is_dead) {
 176     oop val_oop = value->peek();
 177     if (val_oop == NULL) {
 178       // dead oop, mark this hash dead for cleaning
 179       *is_dead = true;
 180       return false;
 181     }
 182     bool equals = java_lang_String::equals(_find(), val_oop);
 183     if (!equals) {
 184       return false;
 185     }
 186     // Need to resolve weak handle and Handleize through possible safepoint.
 187     _found = Handle(_thread, value->resolve());
 188     return true;
 189   }
 190 };
 191 
 192 static size_t ceil_log2(size_t val) {
 193   size_t ret;
 194   for (ret = 1; ((size_t)1 << ret) < val; ++ret);
 195   return ret;
 196 }
 197 
 198 StringTable::StringTable() : _local_table(NULL), _current_size(0), _has_work(0),
 199   _needs_rehashing(false), _weak_handles(NULL), _items_count(0), _uncleaned_items_count(0) {
 200   _weak_handles = new OopStorage("StringTable weak",
 201                                  StringTableWeakAlloc_lock,
 202                                  StringTableWeakActive_lock);
 203   size_t start_size_log_2 = ceil_log2(StringTableSize);
 204   _current_size = ((size_t)1) << start_size_log_2;
 205   log_trace(stringtable)("Start size: " SIZE_FORMAT " (" SIZE_FORMAT ")",
 206                          _current_size, start_size_log_2);
 207   _local_table = new StringTableHash(start_size_log_2, END_SIZE, REHASH_LEN);
 208 }
 209 
 210 void StringTable::update_needs_rehash(bool rehash) {
 211   if (rehash) {
 212     _needs_rehashing = true;
 213   }
 214 }
 215 
 216 size_t StringTable::item_added() {
 217   return Atomic::add((size_t)1, &(the_table()->_items_count));
 218 }
 219 
 220 size_t StringTable::add_items_to_clean(size_t ndead) {
 221   size_t total = Atomic::add((size_t)ndead, &(the_table()->_uncleaned_items_count));
 222   log_trace(stringtable)(
 223      "Uncleaned items:" SIZE_FORMAT " added: " SIZE_FORMAT " total:" SIZE_FORMAT,
 224      the_table()->_uncleaned_items_count, ndead, total);
 225   return total;
 226 }
 227 
 228 void StringTable::item_removed() {
 229   Atomic::add((size_t)-1, &(the_table()->_items_count));
 230 }
 231 
 232 double StringTable::get_load_factor() const {
 233   return (double)_items_count/_current_size;
 234 }
 235 
 236 double StringTable::get_dead_factor() const {
 237   return (double)_uncleaned_items_count/_current_size;
 238 }
 239 
 240 size_t StringTable::table_size() {
 241   return ((size_t)1) << _local_table->get_size_log2(Thread::current());
 242 }
 243 
 244 void StringTable::trigger_concurrent_work() {
 245   MutexLockerEx ml(Service_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 246   the_table()->_has_work = true;
 247   Service_lock->notify_all();
 248 }
 249 
 250 // Probing
 251 oop StringTable::lookup(Symbol* symbol) {
 252   ResourceMark rm;
 253   int length;
 254   jchar* chars = symbol->as_unicode(length);
 255   return lookup(chars, length);
 256 }
 257 
 258 oop StringTable::lookup(const jchar* name, int len) {
 259   unsigned int hash = java_lang_String::hash_code(name, len);
 260   oop string = StringTable::the_table()->lookup_shared(name, len, hash);
 261   if (string != NULL) {
 262     return string;
 263   }
 264   if (StringTable::_alt_hash) {
 265     hash = hash_string(name, len, true);
 266   }
 267   return StringTable::the_table()->do_lookup(name, len, hash);
 268 }
 269 
 270 class StringTableGet : public StackObj {
 271   Thread* _thread;
 272   Handle  _return;
 273  public:
 274   StringTableGet(Thread* thread) : _thread(thread) {}
 275   void operator()(WeakHandle<vm_string_table_data>* val) {
 276     oop result = val->resolve();
 277     assert(result != NULL, "Result should be reachable");
 278     _return = Handle(_thread, result);
 279   }
 280   oop get_res_oop() {
 281     return _return();
 282   }
 283 };
 284 
 285 oop StringTable::do_lookup(const jchar* name, int len, uintx hash) {
 286   Thread* thread = Thread::current();
 287   StringTableLookupJchar lookup(thread, hash, name, len);
 288   StringTableGet stg(thread);
 289   bool rehash_warning;
 290   _local_table->get(thread, lookup, stg, &rehash_warning);
 291   update_needs_rehash(rehash_warning);
 292   return stg.get_res_oop();
 293 }
 294 
 295 // Interning
 296 oop StringTable::intern(Symbol* symbol, TRAPS) {
 297   if (symbol == NULL) return NULL;
 298   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 299   int length;
 300   jchar* chars = symbol->as_unicode(length);
 301   Handle string;
 302   oop result = intern(string, chars, length, CHECK_NULL);
 303   return result;
 304 }
 305 
 306 oop StringTable::intern(oop string, TRAPS) {
 307   if (string == NULL) return NULL;
 308   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 309   int length;
 310   Handle h_string (THREAD, string);
 311   jchar* chars = java_lang_String::as_unicode_string(string, length,
 312                                                      CHECK_NULL);
 313   oop result = intern(h_string, chars, length, CHECK_NULL);
 314   return result;
 315 }
 316 
 317 oop StringTable::intern(const char* utf8_string, TRAPS) {
 318   if (utf8_string == NULL) return NULL;
 319   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 320   int length = UTF8::unicode_length(utf8_string);
 321   jchar* chars = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(jchar, length);
 322   UTF8::convert_to_unicode(utf8_string, chars, length);
 323   Handle string;
 324   oop result = intern(string, chars, length, CHECK_NULL);
 325   return result;
 326 }
 327 
 328 oop StringTable::intern(Handle string_or_null_h, const jchar* name, int len, TRAPS) {
 329   // shared table always uses java_lang_String::hash_code
 330   unsigned int hash = java_lang_String::hash_code(name, len);
 331   oop found_string = StringTable::the_table()->lookup_shared(name, len, hash);
 332   if (found_string != NULL) {
 333     return found_string;
 334   }
 335   if (StringTable::_alt_hash) {
 336     hash = hash_string(name, len, true);
 337   }
 338   found_string = StringTable::the_table()->do_lookup(name, len, hash);
 339   if (found_string != NULL) {
 340     return found_string;
 341   }
 342   return StringTable::the_table()->do_intern(string_or_null_h, name, len,
 343                                              hash, CHECK_NULL);
 344 }
 345 
 346 oop StringTable::do_intern(Handle string_or_null_h, const jchar* name,
 347                            int len, uintx hash, TRAPS) {
 348   HandleMark hm(THREAD);  // cleanup strings created
 349   Handle string_h;
 350 
 351   if (!string_or_null_h.is_null()) {
 352     string_h = string_or_null_h;
 353   } else {
 354     string_h = java_lang_String::create_from_unicode(name, len, CHECK_NULL);
 355   }
 356 
 357   // Deduplicate the string before it is interned. Note that we should never
 358   // deduplicate a string after it has been interned. Doing so will counteract
 359   // compiler optimizations done on e.g. interned string literals.
 360   Universe::heap()->deduplicate_string(string_h());
 361 
 362   assert(java_lang_String::equals(string_h(), name, len),
 363          "string must be properly initialized");
 364   assert(len == java_lang_String::length(string_h()), "Must be same length");
 365 
 366   StringTableLookupOop lookup(THREAD, hash, string_h);
 367   StringTableGet stg(THREAD);
 368 
 369   bool rehash_warning;
 370   do {
 371     if (_local_table->get(THREAD, lookup, stg, &rehash_warning)) {
 372       update_needs_rehash(rehash_warning);
 373       return stg.get_res_oop();
 374     }
 375     WeakHandle<vm_string_table_data> wh = WeakHandle<vm_string_table_data>::create(string_h);
 376     // The hash table takes ownership of the WeakHandle, even if it's not inserted.
 377     if (_local_table->insert(THREAD, lookup, wh, &rehash_warning)) {
 378       update_needs_rehash(rehash_warning);
 379       return wh.resolve();
 380     }
 381   } while(true);
 382 }
 383 
 384 void StringTable::oops_do(OopClosure* f) {
 385   assert(f != NULL, "No closure");
 386   StringTable::the_table()->_weak_handles->oops_do(f);
 387 }
 388 
 389 void StringTable::possibly_parallel_oops_do(
 390    OopStorage::ParState<false /* concurrent */, false /* const */>*
 391    _par_state_string, OopClosure* f)
 392 {
 393   assert(f != NULL, "No closure");
 394   _par_state_string->oops_do(f);
 395 }
 396 
 397 // Concurrent work
 398 void StringTable::grow(JavaThread* jt) {
 399   StringTableHash::GrowTask gt(_local_table);
 400   if (!gt.prepare(jt)) {
 401     return;
 402   }
 403   log_trace(stringtable)("Started to grow");
 404   {
 405     TraceTime timer("Grow", TRACETIME_LOG(Debug, stringtable, perf));
 406     while (gt.do_task(jt)) {
 407       gt.pause(jt);
 408       {
 409         ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(jt);
 410       }
 411       gt.cont(jt);
 412     }
 413   }
 414   gt.done(jt);
 415   _current_size = table_size();
 416   log_debug(stringtable)("Grown to size:" SIZE_FORMAT, _current_size);
 417 }
 418 
 419 struct StringTableDoDelete : StackObj {
 420   void operator()(WeakHandle<vm_string_table_data>* val) {
 421     /* do nothing */
 422   }
 423 };
 424 
 425 struct StringTableDeleteCheck : StackObj {
 426   long _count;
 427   long _item;
 428   StringTableDeleteCheck() : _count(0), _item(0) {}
 429   bool operator()(WeakHandle<vm_string_table_data>* val) {
 430     ++_item;
 431     oop tmp = val->peek();
 432     if (tmp == NULL) {
 433       ++_count;
 434       return true;
 435     } else {
 436       return false;
 437     }
 438   }
 439 };
 440 
 441 void StringTable::clean_dead_entries(JavaThread* jt) {
 442   StringTableHash::BulkDeleteTask bdt(_local_table);
 443   if (!bdt.prepare(jt)) {
 444     return;
 445   }
 446 
 447   StringTableDeleteCheck stdc;
 448   StringTableDoDelete stdd;
 449   {
 450     TraceTime timer("Clean", TRACETIME_LOG(Debug, stringtable, perf));
 451     while(bdt.do_task(jt, stdc, stdd)) {
 452       bdt.pause(jt);
 453       {
 454         ThreadBlockInVM tbivm(jt);
 455       }
 456       bdt.cont(jt);
 457     }
 458     bdt.done(jt);
 459   }
 460   log_debug(stringtable)("Cleaned %ld of %ld", stdc._count, stdc._item);
 461 }
 462 
 463 void StringTable::check_concurrent_work() {
 464   if (_has_work) {
 465     return;
 466   }
 467 
 468   double load_factor = StringTable::get_load_factor();
 469   double dead_factor = StringTable::get_dead_factor();
 470   // We should clean/resize if we have more dead than alive,
 471   // more items than preferred load factor or
 472   // more dead items than water mark.
 473   if ((dead_factor > load_factor) ||
 474       (load_factor > PREF_AVG_LIST_LEN) ||
 475       (dead_factor > CLEAN_DEAD_HIGH_WATER_MARK)) {
 476     log_debug(stringtable)("Concurrent work triggered, live factor: %g dead factor: %g",
 477                            load_factor, dead_factor);
 478     trigger_concurrent_work();
 479   }
 480 }
 481 
 482 void StringTable::concurrent_work(JavaThread* jt) {
 483   _has_work = false;
 484   double load_factor = get_load_factor();
 485   log_debug(stringtable, perf)("Concurrent work, live factor: %g", load_factor);
 486   // We prefer growing, since that also removes dead items
 487   if (load_factor > PREF_AVG_LIST_LEN && !_local_table->is_max_size_reached()) {
 488     grow(jt);
 489   } else {
 490     clean_dead_entries(jt);
 491   }
 492 }
 493 
 494 void StringTable::do_concurrent_work(JavaThread* jt) {
 495   StringTable::the_table()->concurrent_work(jt);
 496 }
 497 
 498 // Rehash
 499 bool StringTable::do_rehash() {
 500   if (!_local_table->is_safepoint_safe()) {
 501     return false;
 502   }
 503 
 504   // We use max size
 505   StringTableHash* new_table = new StringTableHash(END_SIZE, END_SIZE, REHASH_LEN);
 506   // Use alt hash from now on
 507   _alt_hash = true;
 508   if (!_local_table->try_move_nodes_to(Thread::current(), new_table)) {
 509     _alt_hash = false;
 510     delete new_table;
 511     return false;
 512   }
 513 
 514   // free old table
 515   delete _local_table;
 516   _local_table = new_table;
 517 
 518   return true;
 519 }
 520 
 521 void StringTable::try_rehash_table() {
 522   static bool rehashed = false;
 523   log_debug(stringtable)("Table imbalanced, rehashing called.");
 524 
 525   // Grow instead of rehash.
 526   if (get_load_factor() > PREF_AVG_LIST_LEN &&
 527       !_local_table->is_max_size_reached()) {
 528     log_debug(stringtable)("Choosing growing over rehashing.");
 529     trigger_concurrent_work();
 530     _needs_rehashing = false;
 531     return;
 532   }
 533   // Already rehashed.
 534   if (rehashed) {
 535     log_warning(stringtable)("Rehashing already done, still long lists.");
 536     trigger_concurrent_work();
 537     _needs_rehashing = false;
 538     return;
 539   }
 540 
 541   murmur_seed = AltHashing::compute_seed();
 542   {
 543     if (do_rehash()) {
 544       rehashed = true;
 545     } else {
 546       log_info(stringtable)("Resizes in progress rehashing skipped.");
 547     }
 548   }
 549   _needs_rehashing = false;
 550 }
 551 
 552 void StringTable::rehash_table() {
 553   StringTable::the_table()->try_rehash_table();
 554 }
 555 
 556 // Statistics
 557 static int literal_size(oop obj) {
 558   // NOTE: this would over-count if (pre-JDK8)
 559   // java_lang_Class::has_offset_field() is true and the String.value array is
 560   // shared by several Strings. However, starting from JDK8, the String.value
 561   // array is not shared anymore.
 562   if (obj == NULL) {
 563     return 0;
 564   } else if (obj->klass() == SystemDictionary::String_klass()) {
 565     return (obj->size() + java_lang_String::value(obj)->size()) * HeapWordSize;
 566   } else {
 567     return obj->size();
 568   }
 569 }
 570 
 571 struct SizeFunc : StackObj {
 572   size_t operator()(WeakHandle<vm_string_table_data>* val) {
 573     oop s = val->peek();
 574     if (s == NULL) {
 575       // Dead
 576       return 0;
 577     }
 578     return literal_size(s);
 579   };
 580 };
 581 
 582 TableStatistics StringTable::get_table_statistics() {
 583   SizeFunc sz;
 584   return _local_table->statistics_calculate(Thread::current(), sz);
 585 }
 586 
 587 void StringTable::print_table_statistics(outputStream* st,
 588                                          const char* table_name) {
 589   SizeFunc sz;
 590   _local_table->statistics_to(Thread::current(), sz, st, table_name);
 591 }
 592 
 593 // Verification
 594 class VerifyStrings : StackObj {
 595  public:
 596   bool operator()(WeakHandle<vm_string_table_data>* val) {
 597     oop s = val->peek();
 598     if (s != NULL) {
 599       assert(java_lang_String::length(s) >= 0, "Length on string must work.");
 600     }
 601     return true;
 602   };
 603 };
 604 
 605 // This verification is part of Universe::verify() and needs to be quick.
 606 void StringTable::verify() {
 607   Thread* thr = Thread::current();
 608   VerifyStrings vs;
 609   if (!the_table()->_local_table->try_scan(thr, vs)) {
 610     log_info(stringtable)("verify unavailable at this moment");
 611   }
 612 }
 613 
 614 // Verification and comp
 615 class VerifyCompStrings : StackObj {
 616   GrowableArray<oop>* _oops;
 617  public:
 618   size_t _errors;
 619   VerifyCompStrings(GrowableArray<oop>* oops) : _oops(oops), _errors(0) {}
 620   bool operator()(WeakHandle<vm_string_table_data>* val) {
 621     oop s = val->resolve();
 622     if (s == NULL) {
 623       return true;
 624     }
 625     int len = _oops->length();
 626     for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 627       bool eq = java_lang_String::equals(s, _oops->at(i));
 628       assert(!eq, "Duplicate strings");
 629       if (eq) {
 630         _errors++;
 631       }
 632     }
 633     _oops->push(s);
 634     return true;
 635   };
 636 };
 637 
 638 size_t StringTable::verify_and_compare_entries() {
 639   Thread* thr = Thread::current();
 640   GrowableArray<oop>* oops =
 641     new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtInternal)
 642       GrowableArray<oop>((int)the_table()->_current_size, true);
 643 
 644   VerifyCompStrings vcs(oops);
 645   if (!the_table()->_local_table->try_scan(thr, vcs)) {
 646     log_info(stringtable)("verify unavailable at this moment");
 647   }
 648   delete oops;
 649   return vcs._errors;
 650 }
 651 
 652 // Dumping
 653 class PrintString : StackObj {
 654   Thread* _thr;
 655   outputStream* _st;
 656  public:
 657   PrintString(Thread* thr, outputStream* st) : _thr(thr), _st(st) {}
 658   bool operator()(WeakHandle<vm_string_table_data>* val) {
 659     oop s = val->peek();
 660     if (s == NULL) {
 661       return true;
 662     }
 663     typeArrayOop value     = java_lang_String::value_no_keepalive(s);
 664     int          length    = java_lang_String::length(s);
 665     bool         is_latin1 = java_lang_String::is_latin1(s);
 666 
 667     if (length <= 0) {
 668       _st->print("%d: ", length);
 669     } else {
 670       ResourceMark rm(_thr);
 671       int utf8_length = length;
 672       char* utf8_string;
 673 
 674       if (!is_latin1) {
 675         jchar* chars = value->char_at_addr(0);
 676         utf8_string = UNICODE::as_utf8(chars, utf8_length);
 677       } else {
 678         jbyte* bytes = value->byte_at_addr(0);
 679         utf8_string = UNICODE::as_utf8(bytes, utf8_length);
 680       }
 681 
 682       _st->print("%d: ", utf8_length);
 683       HashtableTextDump::put_utf8(_st, utf8_string, utf8_length);
 684     }
 685     _st->cr();
 686     return true;
 687   };
 688 };
 689 
 690 void StringTable::dump(outputStream* st, bool verbose) {
 691   if (!verbose) {
 692     the_table()->print_table_statistics(st, "StringTable");
 693   } else {
 694     Thread* thr = Thread::current();
 695     ResourceMark rm(thr);
 696     st->print_cr("VERSION: 1.1");
 697     PrintString ps(thr, st);
 698     if (!the_table()->_local_table->try_scan(thr, ps)) {
 699       st->print_cr("dump unavailable at this moment");
 700     }
 701   }
 702 }
 703 
 704 // Utility for dumping strings
 705 StringtableDCmd::StringtableDCmd(outputStream* output, bool heap) :
 706                                  DCmdWithParser(output, heap),
 707   _verbose("-verbose", "Dump the content of each string in the table",
 708            "BOOLEAN", false, "false") {
 709   _dcmdparser.add_dcmd_option(&_verbose);
 710 }
 711 
 712 void StringtableDCmd::execute(DCmdSource source, TRAPS) {
 713   VM_DumpHashtable dumper(output(), VM_DumpHashtable::DumpStrings,
 714                          _verbose.value());
 715   VMThread::execute(&dumper);
 716 }
 717 
 718 int StringtableDCmd::num_arguments() {
 719   ResourceMark rm;
 720   StringtableDCmd* dcmd = new StringtableDCmd(NULL, false);
 721   if (dcmd != NULL) {
 722     DCmdMark mark(dcmd);
 723     return dcmd->_dcmdparser.num_arguments();
 724   } else {
 725     return 0;
 726   }
 727 }
 728 
 729 // Sharing
 730 #if INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP
 731 oop StringTable::lookup_shared(const jchar* name, int len, unsigned int hash) {
 732   assert(hash == java_lang_String::hash_code(name, len),
 733          "hash must be computed using java_lang_String::hash_code");
 734   return _shared_table.lookup(name, hash, len);
 735 }
 736 
 737 oop StringTable::create_archived_string(oop s, Thread* THREAD) {
 738   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "this function is only used with -Xshare:dump");
 739 
 740   if (HeapShared::is_archived_object(s)) {
 741     return s;
 742   }
 743 
 744   oop new_s = NULL;
 745   typeArrayOop v = java_lang_String::value_no_keepalive(s);
 746   typeArrayOop new_v = (typeArrayOop)HeapShared::archive_heap_object(v, THREAD);
 747   if (new_v == NULL) {
 748     return NULL;
 749   }
 750   new_s = HeapShared::archive_heap_object(s, THREAD);
 751   if (new_s == NULL) {
 752     return NULL;
 753   }
 754 
 755   // adjust the pointer to the 'value' field in the new String oop
 756   java_lang_String::set_value_raw(new_s, new_v);
 757   return new_s;
 758 }
 759 
 760 struct CopyToArchive : StackObj {
 761   CompactHashtableWriter* _writer;
 762   CopyToArchive(CompactHashtableWriter* writer) : _writer(writer) {}
 763   bool operator()(WeakHandle<vm_string_table_data>* val) {
 764     oop s = val->peek();
 765     if (s == NULL) {
 766       return true;
 767     }
 768     unsigned int hash = java_lang_String::hash_code(s);
 769 
 770     java_lang_String::set_hash(s, hash);
 771     oop new_s = StringTable::create_archived_string(s, Thread::current());
 772     if (new_s == NULL) {
 773       return true;
 774     }
 775 
 776     val->replace(new_s);
 777     // add to the compact table
 778     _writer->add(hash, CompressedOops::encode(new_s));
 779     return true;
 780   }
 781 };
 782 
 783 void StringTable::copy_shared_string_table(CompactHashtableWriter* writer) {
 784   assert(HeapShared::is_heap_object_archiving_allowed(), "must be");
 785 
 786   CopyToArchive copy(writer);
 787   StringTable::the_table()->_local_table->do_safepoint_scan(copy);
 788 }
 789 
 790 void StringTable::write_to_archive() {
 791   assert(HeapShared::is_heap_object_archiving_allowed(), "must be");
 792 
 793   _shared_table.reset();
 794   int num_buckets = CompactHashtableWriter::default_num_buckets(
 795       StringTable::the_table()->_items_count);
 796   CompactHashtableWriter writer(num_buckets,
 797                                 &MetaspaceShared::stats()->string);
 798 
 799   // Copy the interned strings into the "string space" within the java heap
 800   copy_shared_string_table(&writer);
 801   writer.dump(&_shared_table, "string");
 802 }
 803 
 804 void StringTable::serialize_shared_table_header(SerializeClosure* soc) {
 805   _shared_table.serialize_header(soc);
 806 
 807   if (soc->writing()) {
 808     // Sanity. Make sure we don't use the shared table at dump time
 809     _shared_table.reset();
 810   } else if (!HeapShared::closed_archive_heap_region_mapped()) {
 811     _shared_table.reset();
 812   }
 813 }
 814 
 815 class SharedStringIterator {
 816   OopClosure* _oop_closure;
 817 public:
 818   SharedStringIterator(OopClosure* f) : _oop_closure(f) {}
 819   void do_value(oop string) {
 820     _oop_closure->do_oop(&string);
 821   }
 822 };
 823 
 824 void StringTable::shared_oops_do(OopClosure* f) {
 825   SharedStringIterator iter(f);
 826   _shared_table.iterate(&iter);
 827 }
 828 #endif //INCLUDE_CDS_JAVA_HEAP