1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  30 #include "code/codeCacheExtensions.hpp"
  31 #include "gc/shared/cardTableRS.hpp"
  32 #include "gc/shared/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
  33 #include "gc/shared/referenceProcessor.hpp"
  34 #include "gc/shared/taskqueue.hpp"
  35 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  36 #include "logging/logTag.hpp"
  37 #include "logging/logConfiguration.hpp"
  38 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  39 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
  40 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  41 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  42 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  43 #include "runtime/arguments_ext.hpp"
  44 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagConstraintList.hpp"
  45 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagWriteableList.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagRangeList.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
  48 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
  52 #include "services/management.hpp"
  53 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
  54 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  55 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  56 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
  57 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
  58 #include "jvmci/jvmciRuntime.hpp"
  59 #endif
  60 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  61 #include "gc/cms/compactibleFreeListSpace.hpp"
  62 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"
  63 #include "gc/parallel/parallelScavengeHeap.hpp"
  64 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  65 
  66 // Note: This is a special bug reporting site for the JVM
  67 #define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG "http://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp"
  68 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER  "generic"
  69 
  70 char*  Arguments::_jvm_flags_file               = NULL;
  71 char** Arguments::_jvm_flags_array              = NULL;
  72 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_flags                = 0;
  73 char** Arguments::_jvm_args_array               = NULL;
  74 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_args                 = 0;
  75 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = NULL;
  76 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = NULL;
  77 const char*  Arguments::_gc_log_filename        = NULL;
  78 bool   Arguments::_has_profile                  = false;
  79 size_t Arguments::_conservative_max_heap_alignment = 0;
  80 size_t Arguments::_min_heap_size                = 0;
  81 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
  82 bool   Arguments::_java_compiler                = false;
  83 bool   Arguments::_xdebug_mode                  = false;
  84 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG;
  85 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
  86 int    Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_pid        = -1;
  87 bool   Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm  = false;
  88 int    Arguments::_bootclassloader_append_index = -1;
  89 
  90 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args()
  91 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
  92 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
  93 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
  94 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
  95 intx   Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog     = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
  96 intx   Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold     = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
  97 
  98 char*  Arguments::SharedArchivePath             = NULL;
  99 
 100 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_libraryList;
 101 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_agentList;
 102 
 103 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = NULL;
 104 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = NULL;
 105 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = NULL;
 106 
 107 
 108 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = NULL;
 109 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = NULL;
 110 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = NULL;
 111 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = NULL;
 112 SystemProperty *Arguments::_jdk_boot_class_path_append = NULL;
 113 
 114 GrowableArray<ModuleXPatchPath*> *Arguments::_xpatchprefix = NULL;
 115 PathString *Arguments::_system_boot_class_path = NULL;
 116 
 117 char* Arguments::_ext_dirs = NULL;
 118 
 119 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' to the remaining
 120 // part of the option string.
 121 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
 122                          const char** tail) {
 123   size_t len = strlen(name);
 124   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
 125     *tail = option->optionString + len;
 126     return true;
 127   } else {
 128     return false;
 129   }
 130 }
 131 
 132 // Check if 'option' matches 'name'. No "tail" is allowed.
 133 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name) {
 134   const char* tail = NULL;
 135   bool result = match_option(option, name, &tail);
 136   if (tail != NULL && *tail == '\0') {
 137     return result;
 138   } else {
 139     return false;
 140   }
 141 }
 142 
 143 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
 144 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
 145 // the option must match exactly.
 146 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
 147   bool tail_allowed) {
 148   for (/* empty */; *names != NULL; ++names) {
 149     if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
 150       if (**tail == '\0' || tail_allowed && **tail == ':') {
 151         return true;
 152       }
 153     }
 154   }
 155   return false;
 156 }
 157 
 158 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
 159   if (PrintVMOptions) {
 160     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
 161   }
 162 }
 163 
 164 // Process java launcher properties.
 165 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 166   // See if sun.java.launcher, sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm or
 167   // sun.java.launcher.pid is defined.
 168   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 169   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 170   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 171     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 172     const char* tail;
 173 
 174     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 175       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 176       continue;
 177     }
 178     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.is_altjvm=", &tail)) {
 179       if (strcmp(tail, "true") == 0) {
 180         _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm = true;
 181       }
 182       continue;
 183     }
 184     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.pid=", &tail)) {
 185       _sun_java_launcher_pid = atoi(tail);
 186       continue;
 187     }
 188   }
 189 }
 190 
 191 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 192 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 193 
 194   // Set up _system_boot_class_path which is not a property but
 195   // relies heavily on argument processing and the jdk.boot.class.path.append
 196   // property. It is used to store the underlying system boot class path.
 197   _system_boot_class_path = new PathString(NULL);
 198 
 199   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 200                                                                  "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 201   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 202   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 203   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(),  true));
 204   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("jdk.debug", VM_Version::jdk_debug_level(),  false));
 205 
 206   // Following are JVMTI agent writable properties.
 207   // Properties values are set to NULL and they are
 208   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 209   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", NULL,  true);
 210   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", NULL,  true);
 211   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", NULL,  true);
 212   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 213   // jdk.boot.class.path.append is a non-writeable, internal property.
 214   // It can only be set by either:
 215   //    - -Xbootclasspath/a:
 216   //    - AddToBootstrapClassLoaderSearch during JVMTI OnLoad phase
 217   _jdk_boot_class_path_append = new SystemProperty("jdk.boot.class.path.append", "", false, true);
 218 
 219   // Add to System Property list.
 220   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 221   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 222   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 223   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 224   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _jdk_boot_class_path_append);
 225 
 226   // Set OS specific system properties values
 227   os::init_system_properties_values();
 228 }
 229 
 230 // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
 231 void Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties() {
 232   enum { bufsz = 16 };
 233   char buffer[bufsz];
 234   const char* spec_vendor = "Oracle Corporation";
 235   uint32_t spec_version = JDK_Version::current().major_version();
 236 
 237   jio_snprintf(buffer, bufsz, UINT32_FORMAT, spec_version);
 238 
 239   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 240       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",  spec_vendor, false));
 241   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 242       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", buffer, false));
 243   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 244       new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 245 }
 246 
 247 /*
 248  *  -XX argument processing:
 249  *
 250  *  -XX arguments are defined in several places, such as:
 251  *      globals.hpp, globals_<cpu>.hpp, globals_<os>.hpp, <compiler>_globals.hpp, or <gc>_globals.hpp.
 252  *  -XX arguments are parsed in parse_argument().
 253  *  -XX argument bounds checking is done in check_vm_args_consistency().
 254  *
 255  * Over time -XX arguments may change. There are mechanisms to handle common cases:
 256  *
 257  *      ALIASED: An option that is simply another name for another option. This is often
 258  *               part of the process of deprecating a flag, but not all aliases need
 259  *               to be deprecated.
 260  *
 261  *               Create an alias for an option by adding the old and new option names to the
 262  *               "aliased_jvm_flags" table. Delete the old variable from globals.hpp (etc).
 263  *
 264  *   DEPRECATED: An option that is supported, but a warning is printed to let the user know that
 265  *               support may be removed in the future. Both regular and aliased options may be
 266  *               deprecated.
 267  *
 268  *               Add a deprecation warning for an option (or alias) by adding an entry in the
 269  *               "special_jvm_flags" table and setting the "deprecated_in" field.
 270  *               Often an option "deprecated" in one major release will
 271  *               be made "obsolete" in the next. In this case the entry should also have it's
 272  *               "obsolete_in" field set.
 273  *
 274  *     OBSOLETE: An option that has been removed (and deleted from globals.hpp), but is still accepted
 275  *               on the command line. A warning is printed to let the user know that option might not
 276  *               be accepted in the future.
 277  *
 278  *               Add an obsolete warning for an option by adding an entry in the "special_jvm_flags"
 279  *               table and setting the "obsolete_in" field.
 280  *
 281  *      EXPIRED: A deprecated or obsolete option that has an "accept_until" version less than or equal
 282  *               to the current JDK version. The system will flatly refuse to admit the existence of
 283  *               the flag. This allows a flag to die automatically over JDK releases.
 284  *
 285  *               Note that manual cleanup of expired options should be done at major JDK version upgrades:
 286  *                  - Newly expired options should be removed from the special_jvm_flags and aliased_jvm_flags tables.
 287  *                  - Newly obsolete or expired deprecated options should have their global variable
 288  *                    definitions removed (from globals.hpp, etc) and related implementations removed.
 289  *
 290  * Recommended approach for removing options:
 291  *
 292  * To remove options commonly used by customers (e.g. product, commercial -XX options), use
 293  * the 3-step model adding major release numbers to the deprecate, obsolete and expire columns.
 294  *
 295  * To remove internal options (e.g. diagnostic, experimental, develop options), use
 296  * a 2-step model adding major release numbers to the obsolete and expire columns.
 297  *
 298  * To change the name of an option, use the alias table as well as a 2-step
 299  * model adding major release numbers to the deprecate and expire columns.
 300  * Think twice about aliasing commonly used customer options.
 301  *
 302  * There are times when it is appropriate to leave a future release number as undefined.
 303  *
 304  * Tests:  Aliases should be tested in VMAliasOptions.java.
 305  *         Deprecated options should be tested in VMDeprecatedOptions.java.
 306  */
 307 
 308 // Obsolete or deprecated -XX flag.
 309 typedef struct {
 310   const char* name;
 311   JDK_Version deprecated_in; // When the deprecation warning started (or "undefined").
 312   JDK_Version obsolete_in;   // When the obsolete warning started (or "undefined").
 313   JDK_Version expired_in;    // When the option expires (or "undefined").
 314 } SpecialFlag;
 315 
 316 // The special_jvm_flags table declares options that are being deprecated and/or obsoleted. The
 317 // "deprecated_in" or "obsolete_in" fields may be set to "undefined", but not both.
 318 // When the JDK version reaches 'deprecated_in' limit, the JVM will process this flag on
 319 // the command-line as usual, but will issue a warning.
 320 // When the JDK version reaches 'obsolete_in' limit, the JVM will continue accepting this flag on
 321 // the command-line, while issuing a warning and ignoring the flag value.
 322 // Once the JDK version reaches 'expired_in' limit, the JVM will flatly refuse to admit the
 323 // existence of the flag.
 324 //
 325 // MANUAL CLEANUP ON JDK VERSION UPDATES:
 326 // This table ensures that the handling of options will update automatically when the JDK
 327 // version is incremented, but the source code needs to be cleanup up manually:
 328 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" or "expired" options, the associated "globals"
 329 //   variable should be removed, as well as users of the variable.
 330 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" options, move the entry into the
 331 //   "Obsolete Flags" section of the table.
 332 // - All expired options should be removed from the table.
 333 static SpecialFlag const special_jvm_flags[] = {
 334   // -------------- Deprecated Flags --------------
 335   // --- Non-alias flags - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 336   { "MaxGCMinorPauseMillis",        JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 337   { "UseParNewGC",                  JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 338   { "ConvertSleepToYield",          JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10),     JDK_Version::jdk(11) },
 339   { "ConvertYieldToSleep",          JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10),     JDK_Version::jdk(11) },
 340 
 341   // --- Deprecated alias flags (see also aliased_jvm_flags) - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 342   { "DefaultMaxRAMFraction",        JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 343   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",        JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 344   { "CMSMarkStackSizeMax",          JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 345   { "CMSMarkStackSize",             JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 346   { "G1MarkStackSize",              JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 347   { "ParallelMarkingThreads",       JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 348   { "ParallelCMSThreads",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 349 
 350   // -------------- Obsolete Flags - sorted by expired_in --------------
 351   { "UseOldInlining",                JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 352   { "SafepointPollOffset",           JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 353   { "UseBoundThreads",               JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 354   { "DefaultThreadPriority",         JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 355   { "NoYieldsInMicrolock",           JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 356   { "BackEdgeThreshold",             JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 357   { "UseNewReflection",              JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 358   { "ReflectionWrapResolutionErrors",JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 359   { "VerifyReflectionBytecodes",     JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 360   { "AutoShutdownNMT",               JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 361   { "NmethodSweepFraction",          JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 362   { "NmethodSweepCheckInterval",     JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 363   { "CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace",     JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 364 #ifndef ZERO
 365   { "UseFastAccessorMethods",        JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 366   { "UseFastEmptyMethods",           JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 367 #endif // ZERO
 368   { "UseCompilerSafepoints",         JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 369   { "AdaptiveSizePausePolicy",       JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 370   { "ParallelGCRetainPLAB",          JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 371   { "ThreadSafetyMargin",            JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 372   { "LazyBootClassLoader",           JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 373   { "StarvationMonitorInterval",     JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 374   { "PreInflateSpin",                JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 375   { "JNIDetachReleasesMonitors",     JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 376   { "UseAltSigs",                    JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 377   { "SegmentedHeapDumpThreshold",    JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 378   { "PrintOopAddress",               JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 379 
 380 #ifdef TEST_VERIFY_SPECIAL_JVM_FLAGS
 381   { "dep > obs",                    JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 382   { "dep > exp ",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 383   { "obs > exp ",                   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 384   { "not deprecated or obsolete",   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 385   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 386   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 387   { "BytecodeVerificationRemote",   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 388 #endif
 389 
 390   { NULL, JDK_Version(0), JDK_Version(0) }
 391 };
 392 
 393 // Flags that are aliases for other flags.
 394 typedef struct {
 395   const char* alias_name;
 396   const char* real_name;
 397 } AliasedFlag;
 398 
 399 static AliasedFlag const aliased_jvm_flags[] = {
 400   { "DefaultMaxRAMFraction",    "MaxRAMFraction"    },
 401   { "CMSMarkStackSizeMax",      "MarkStackSizeMax"  },
 402   { "CMSMarkStackSize",         "MarkStackSize"     },
 403   { "G1MarkStackSize",          "MarkStackSize"     },
 404   { "ParallelMarkingThreads",   "ConcGCThreads"     },
 405   { "ParallelCMSThreads",       "ConcGCThreads"     },
 406   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",    "CreateCoredumpOnCrash" },
 407   { NULL, NULL}
 408 };
 409 
 410 // NOTE: A compatibility request will be necessary for each alias to be removed.
 411 static AliasedLoggingFlag const aliased_logging_flags[] = {
 412   { "PrintCompressedOopsMode",   LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(gc, heap, coops) },
 413   { "TraceBiasedLocking",        LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(biasedlocking) },
 414   { "TraceClassLoading",         LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, load) },
 415   { "TraceClassLoadingPreorder", LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(class, preorder) },
 416   { "TraceClassPaths",           LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, path) },
 417   { "TraceClassResolution",      LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(class, resolve) },
 418   { "TraceClassUnloading",       LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, unload) },
 419   { "TraceExceptions",           LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(exceptions) },
 420   { "TraceLoaderConstraints",    LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, loader, constraints) },
 421   { "TraceMonitorInflation",     LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(monitorinflation) },
 422   { "TraceSafepointCleanupTime", LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(safepoint, cleanup) },
 423   { "TraceJVMTIObjectTagging",   LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(jvmti, objecttagging) },
 424   { "TraceRedefineClasses",      LogLevel::Info,  false, LOG_TAGS(redefine, class) },
 425   { NULL,                        LogLevel::Off,   false, LOG_TAGS(_NO_TAG) }
 426 };
 427 
 428 #ifndef PRODUCT
 429 // These options are removed in jdk9. Remove this code for jdk10.
 430 static AliasedFlag const removed_develop_logging_flags[] = {
 431   { "TraceClassInitialization",   "-Xlog:class+init" },
 432   { "TraceClassLoaderData",       "-Xlog:class+loader+data" },
 433   { "TraceDefaultMethods",        "-Xlog:defaultmethods=debug" },
 434   { "TraceItables",               "-Xlog:itables=debug" },
 435   { "TraceMonitorMismatch",       "-Xlog:monitormismatch=info" },
 436   { "TraceSafepoint",             "-Xlog:safepoint=debug" },
 437   { "TraceStartupTime",           "-Xlog:startuptime" },
 438   { "TraceVMOperation",           "-Xlog:vmoperation=debug" },
 439   { "PrintVtables",               "-Xlog:vtables=debug" },
 440   { "VerboseVerification",        "-Xlog:verification" },
 441   { NULL, NULL }
 442 };
 443 #endif //PRODUCT
 444 
 445 // Return true if "v" is less than "other", where "other" may be "undefined".
 446 static bool version_less_than(JDK_Version v, JDK_Version other) {
 447   assert(!v.is_undefined(), "must be defined");
 448   if (!other.is_undefined() && v.compare(other) >= 0) {
 449     return false;
 450   } else {
 451     return true;
 452   }
 453 }
 454 
 455 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, SpecialFlag& flag) {
 456   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 457     if ((strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 458       flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 459       return true;
 460     }
 461   }
 462   return false;
 463 }
 464 
 465 bool Arguments::is_obsolete_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 466   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 467   SpecialFlag flag;
 468   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 469     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 470       if (version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 471         *version = flag.obsolete_in;
 472         return true;
 473       }
 474     }
 475   }
 476   return false;
 477 }
 478 
 479 int Arguments::is_deprecated_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 480   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 481   SpecialFlag flag;
 482   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 483     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 484       if (version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in) &&
 485           version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 486         *version = flag.deprecated_in;
 487         return 1;
 488       } else {
 489         return -1;
 490       }
 491     }
 492   }
 493   return 0;
 494 }
 495 
 496 #ifndef PRODUCT
 497 const char* Arguments::removed_develop_logging_flag_name(const char* name){
 498   for (size_t i = 0; removed_develop_logging_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
 499     const AliasedFlag& flag = removed_develop_logging_flags[i];
 500     if (strcmp(flag.alias_name, name) == 0) {
 501       return flag.real_name;
 502     }
 503   }
 504   return NULL;
 505 }
 506 #endif // PRODUCT
 507 
 508 const char* Arguments::real_flag_name(const char *flag_name) {
 509   for (size_t i = 0; aliased_jvm_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
 510     const AliasedFlag& flag_status = aliased_jvm_flags[i];
 511     if (strcmp(flag_status.alias_name, flag_name) == 0) {
 512         return flag_status.real_name;
 513     }
 514   }
 515   return flag_name;
 516 }
 517 
 518 #ifdef ASSERT
 519 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, size_t skip_index) {
 520   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 521     if ((i != skip_index) && (strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 522       return true;
 523     }
 524   }
 525   return false;
 526 }
 527 
 528 static bool verify_special_jvm_flags() {
 529   bool success = true;
 530   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 531     const SpecialFlag& flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 532     if (lookup_special_flag(flag.name, i)) {
 533       warning("Duplicate special flag declaration \"%s\"", flag.name);
 534       success = false;
 535     }
 536     if (flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined() &&
 537         flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 538       warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must declare version deprecated and/or obsoleted in.", flag.name);
 539       success = false;
 540     }
 541 
 542     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 543       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.obsolete_in)) {
 544         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before obsoleted.", flag.name);
 545         success = false;
 546       }
 547 
 548       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 549         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before expired.", flag.name);
 550         success = false;
 551       }
 552     }
 553 
 554     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 555       if (!version_less_than(flag.obsolete_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 556         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be obsoleted before expired.", flag.name);
 557         success = false;
 558       }
 559 
 560       // if flag has become obsolete it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 561       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in)) {
 562         if (Flag::find_flag(flag.name) != NULL) {
 563           warning("Global variable for obsolete special flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 564           success = false;
 565         }
 566       }
 567     }
 568 
 569     if (!flag.expired_in.is_undefined()) {
 570       // if flag has become expired it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 571       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 572         if (Flag::find_flag(flag.name) != NULL) {
 573           warning("Global variable for expired flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 574           success = false;
 575         }
 576       }
 577     }
 578 
 579   }
 580   return success;
 581 }
 582 #endif
 583 
 584 // Parses a size specification string.
 585 bool Arguments::atojulong(const char *s, julong* result) {
 586   julong n = 0;
 587   int args_read = 0;
 588   bool is_hex = false;
 589   // Skip leading 0[xX] for hexadecimal
 590   if (*s =='0' && (*(s+1) == 'x' || *(s+1) == 'X')) {
 591     s += 2;
 592     is_hex = true;
 593     args_read = sscanf(s, JULONG_FORMAT_X, &n);
 594   } else {
 595     args_read = sscanf(s, JULONG_FORMAT, &n);
 596   }
 597   if (args_read != 1) {
 598     return false;
 599   }
 600   while (*s != '\0' && (isdigit(*s) || (is_hex && isxdigit(*s)))) {
 601     s++;
 602   }
 603   // 4705540: illegal if more characters are found after the first non-digit
 604   if (strlen(s) > 1) {
 605     return false;
 606   }
 607   switch (*s) {
 608     case 'T': case 't':
 609       *result = n * G * K;
 610       // Check for overflow.
 611       if (*result/((julong)G * K) != n) return false;
 612       return true;
 613     case 'G': case 'g':
 614       *result = n * G;
 615       if (*result/G != n) return false;
 616       return true;
 617     case 'M': case 'm':
 618       *result = n * M;
 619       if (*result/M != n) return false;
 620       return true;
 621     case 'K': case 'k':
 622       *result = n * K;
 623       if (*result/K != n) return false;
 624       return true;
 625     case '\0':
 626       *result = n;
 627       return true;
 628     default:
 629       return false;
 630   }
 631 }
 632 
 633 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(julong size, julong min_size) {
 634   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 635   // Check that size will fit in a size_t (only relevant on 32-bit)
 636   if (size > max_uintx) return arg_too_big;
 637   return arg_in_range;
 638 }
 639 
 640 // Describe an argument out of range error
 641 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 642   switch(errcode) {
 643   case arg_too_big:
 644     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 645                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 646                 "representable size.\n");
 647     break;
 648   case arg_too_small:
 649   case arg_unreadable:
 650   case arg_in_range:
 651     // do nothing for now
 652     break;
 653   default:
 654     ShouldNotReachHere();
 655   }
 656 }
 657 
 658 static bool set_bool_flag(const char* name, bool value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 659   if (CommandLineFlags::boolAtPut(name, &value, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 660     return true;
 661   } else {
 662     return false;
 663   }
 664 }
 665 
 666 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(const char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 667   char* end;
 668   errno = 0;
 669   double v = strtod(value, &end);
 670   if ((errno != 0) || (*end != 0)) {
 671     return false;
 672   }
 673 
 674   if (CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(name, &v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 675     return true;
 676   }
 677   return false;
 678 }
 679 
 680 static bool set_numeric_flag(const char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 681   julong v;
 682   int int_v;
 683   intx intx_v;
 684   bool is_neg = false;
 685   Flag* result = Flag::find_flag(name, strlen(name));
 686 
 687   if (result == NULL) {
 688     return false;
 689   }
 690 
 691   // Check the sign first since atojulong() parses only unsigned values.
 692   if (*value == '-') {
 693     if (!result->is_intx() && !result->is_int()) {
 694       return false;
 695     }
 696     value++;
 697     is_neg = true;
 698   }
 699   if (!Arguments::atojulong(value, &v)) {
 700     return false;
 701   }
 702   if (result->is_int()) {
 703     int_v = (int) v;
 704     if (is_neg) {
 705       int_v = -int_v;
 706     }
 707     return CommandLineFlags::intAtPut(result, &int_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 708   } else if (result->is_uint()) {
 709     uint uint_v = (uint) v;
 710     return CommandLineFlags::uintAtPut(result, &uint_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 711   } else if (result->is_intx()) {
 712     intx_v = (intx) v;
 713     if (is_neg) {
 714       intx_v = -intx_v;
 715     }
 716     return CommandLineFlags::intxAtPut(result, &intx_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 717   } else if (result->is_uintx()) {
 718     uintx uintx_v = (uintx) v;
 719     return CommandLineFlags::uintxAtPut(result, &uintx_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 720   } else if (result->is_uint64_t()) {
 721     uint64_t uint64_t_v = (uint64_t) v;
 722     return CommandLineFlags::uint64_tAtPut(result, &uint64_t_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 723   } else if (result->is_size_t()) {
 724     size_t size_t_v = (size_t) v;
 725     return CommandLineFlags::size_tAtPut(result, &size_t_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS;
 726   } else {
 727     return false;
 728   }
 729 }
 730 
 731 static bool set_string_flag(const char* name, const char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 732   if (CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin) != Flag::SUCCESS) return false;
 733   // Contract:  CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 734   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 735   return true;
 736 }
 737 
 738 static bool append_to_string_flag(const char* name, const char* new_value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 739   const char* old_value = "";
 740   if (CommandLineFlags::ccstrAt(name, &old_value) != Flag::SUCCESS) return false;
 741   size_t old_len = old_value != NULL ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 742   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 743   const char* value;
 744   char* free_this_too = NULL;
 745   if (old_len == 0) {
 746     value = new_value;
 747   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 748     value = old_value;
 749   } else {
 750     char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, old_len + 1 + new_len + 1, mtArguments);
 751     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 752     sprintf(buf, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 753     value = buf;
 754     free_this_too = buf;
 755   }
 756   (void) CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 757   // CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 758   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 759   if (free_this_too != NULL) {
 760     // CommandLineFlags made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 761     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too);
 762   }
 763   return true;
 764 }
 765 
 766 const char* Arguments::handle_aliases_and_deprecation(const char* arg, bool warn) {
 767   const char* real_name = real_flag_name(arg);
 768   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
 769   switch (is_deprecated_flag(arg, &since)) {
 770     case -1:
 771       return NULL; // obsolete or expired, don't process normally
 772     case 0:
 773       return real_name;
 774     case 1: {
 775       if (warn) {
 776         char version[256];
 777         since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
 778         if (real_name != arg) {
 779           warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release. Use option %s instead.",
 780                   arg, version, real_name);
 781         } else {
 782           warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release.",
 783                   arg, version);
 784         }
 785       }
 786       return real_name;
 787     }
 788   }
 789   ShouldNotReachHere();
 790   return NULL;
 791 }
 792 
 793 void log_deprecated_flag(const char* name, bool on, AliasedLoggingFlag alf) {
 794   LogTagType tagSet[] = {alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5};
 795   // Set tagset string buffer at max size of 256, large enough for any alias tagset
 796   const int max_tagset_size = 256;
 797   int max_tagset_len = max_tagset_size - 1;
 798   char tagset_buffer[max_tagset_size];
 799   tagset_buffer[0] = '\0';
 800 
 801   // Write tag-set for aliased logging option, in string list form
 802   int max_tags = sizeof(tagSet)/sizeof(tagSet[0]);
 803   for (int i = 0; i < max_tags && tagSet[i] != LogTag::__NO_TAG; i++) {
 804     if (i > 0) {
 805       strncat(tagset_buffer, "+", max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 806     }
 807     strncat(tagset_buffer, LogTag::name(tagSet[i]), max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 808   }
 809   if (!alf.exactMatch) {
 810       strncat(tagset_buffer, "*", max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 811   }
 812   log_warning(arguments)("-XX:%s%s is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:%s=%s instead.",
 813                          (on) ? "+" : "-",
 814                          name,
 815                          tagset_buffer,
 816                          (on) ? LogLevel::name(alf.level) : "off");
 817 }
 818 
 819 AliasedLoggingFlag Arguments::catch_logging_aliases(const char* name, bool on){
 820   for (size_t i = 0; aliased_logging_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
 821     const AliasedLoggingFlag& alf = aliased_logging_flags[i];
 822     if (strcmp(alf.alias_name, name) == 0) {
 823       log_deprecated_flag(name, on, alf);
 824       return alf;
 825     }
 826   }
 827   AliasedLoggingFlag a = {NULL, LogLevel::Off, false, LOG_TAGS(_NO_TAG)};
 828   return a;
 829 }
 830 
 831 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, Flag::Flags origin) {
 832 
 833   // range of acceptable characters spelled out for portability reasons
 834 #define NAME_RANGE  "[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_]"
 835 #define BUFLEN 255
 836   char name[BUFLEN+1];
 837   char dummy;
 838   const char* real_name;
 839   bool warn_if_deprecated = true;
 840 
 841   if (sscanf(arg, "-%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 842     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, false);
 843     if (alf.alias_name != NULL){
 844       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Off, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
 845       return true;
 846     }
 847     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 848     if (real_name == NULL) {
 849       return false;
 850     }
 851     return set_bool_flag(real_name, false, origin);
 852   }
 853   if (sscanf(arg, "+%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 854     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, true);
 855     if (alf.alias_name != NULL){
 856       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(alf.level, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
 857       return true;
 858     }
 859     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 860     if (real_name == NULL) {
 861       return false;
 862     }
 863     return set_bool_flag(real_name, true, origin);
 864   }
 865 
 866   char punct;
 867   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 868     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 869     Flag* flag;
 870 
 871     // this scanf pattern matches both strings (handled here) and numbers (handled later))
 872     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, true);
 873     if (alf.alias_name != NULL) {
 874       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(alf.level, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
 875       return true;
 876     }
 877     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 878     if (real_name == NULL) {
 879       return false;
 880     }
 881     flag = Flag::find_flag(real_name);
 882     if (flag != NULL && flag->is_ccstr()) {
 883       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
 884         return append_to_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
 885       } else {
 886         if (value[0] == '\0') {
 887           value = NULL;
 888         }
 889         return set_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
 890       }
 891     } else {
 892       warn_if_deprecated = false; // if arg is deprecated, we've already done warning...
 893     }
 894   }
 895 
 896   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE ":%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 897     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 898     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
 899     if (value[0] == '\0') {
 900       value = NULL;
 901     }
 902     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 903     if (real_name == NULL) {
 904       return false;
 905     }
 906     return set_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
 907   }
 908 
 909 #define SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "[-0123456789.eE+]"
 910 #define SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE    "[-0123456789]"
 911 #define        NUMBER_RANGE    "[0123456789eE+-]"
 912   char value[BUFLEN + 1];
 913   char value2[BUFLEN + 1];
 914   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE "." "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, value2, &dummy) == 3) {
 915     // Looks like a floating-point number -- try again with more lenient format string
 916     if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 917       real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 918       if (real_name == NULL) {
 919         return false;
 920       }
 921       return set_fp_numeric_flag(real_name, value, origin);
 922     }
 923   }
 924 
 925 #define VALUE_RANGE "[-kmgtxKMGTX0123456789abcdefABCDEF]"
 926   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) VALUE_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 927     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
 928     if (real_name == NULL) {
 929       return false;
 930     }
 931     return set_numeric_flag(real_name, value, origin);
 932   }
 933 
 934   return false;
 935 }
 936 
 937 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
 938   assert(bldarray != NULL, "illegal argument");
 939 
 940   if (arg == NULL) {
 941     return;
 942   }
 943 
 944   int new_count = *count + 1;
 945 
 946   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
 947   if (*bldarray == NULL) {
 948     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, new_count, mtArguments);
 949   } else {
 950     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, new_count, mtArguments);
 951   }
 952   (*bldarray)[*count] = os::strdup_check_oom(arg);
 953   *count = new_count;
 954 }
 955 
 956 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
 957   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
 958 }
 959 
 960 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
 961   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
 962 }
 963 
 964 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
 965 // strings in a given char** array
 966 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
 967   if (args == NULL || count == 0) {
 968     return NULL;
 969   }
 970   size_t length = strlen(args[0]) + 1; // add 1 for the null terminator
 971   for (int i = 1; i < count; i++) {
 972     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space
 973   }
 974   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
 975   strcpy(s, args[0]);
 976   for (int j = 1; j < count; j++) {
 977     strcat(s, " ");
 978     strcat(s, args[j]);
 979   }
 980   return (const char*) s;
 981 }
 982 
 983 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
 984   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
 985   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
 986     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
 987     st->cr();
 988   }
 989   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
 990     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
 991     st->cr();
 992   }
 993   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
 994   if (_java_class_path != NULL) {
 995     char* path = _java_class_path->value();
 996     st->print_cr("java_class_path (initial): %s", strlen(path) == 0 ? "<not set>" : path );
 997   }
 998   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
 999 }
1000 
1001 void Arguments::print_summary_on(outputStream* st) {
1002   // Print the command line.  Environment variables that are helpful for
1003   // reproducing the problem are written later in the hs_err file.
1004   // flags are from setting file
1005   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
1006     st->print_raw("Settings File: ");
1007     print_jvm_flags_on(st);
1008     st->cr();
1009   }
1010   // args are the command line and environment variable arguments.
1011   st->print_raw("Command Line: ");
1012   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
1013     print_jvm_args_on(st);
1014   }
1015   // this is the classfile and any arguments to the java program
1016   if (java_command() != NULL) {
1017     st->print("%s", java_command());
1018   }
1019   st->cr();
1020 }
1021 
1022 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
1023   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
1024     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
1025       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
1026     }
1027   }
1028 }
1029 
1030 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
1031   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
1032     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
1033       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
1034     }
1035   }
1036 }
1037 
1038 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg,
1039                                  jboolean ignore_unrecognized,
1040                                  Flag::Flags origin) {
1041   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
1042 
1043   if (parse_argument(arg, origin)) {
1044     return true;
1045   }
1046 
1047   // Determine if the flag has '+', '-', or '=' characters.
1048   bool has_plus_minus = (*arg == '+' || *arg == '-');
1049   const char* const argname = has_plus_minus ? arg + 1 : arg;
1050 
1051   size_t arg_len;
1052   const char* equal_sign = strchr(argname, '=');
1053   if (equal_sign == NULL) {
1054     arg_len = strlen(argname);
1055   } else {
1056     arg_len = equal_sign - argname;
1057   }
1058 
1059   // Only make the obsolete check for valid arguments.
1060   if (arg_len <= BUFLEN) {
1061     // Construct a string which consists only of the argument name without '+', '-', or '='.
1062     char stripped_argname[BUFLEN+1];
1063     strncpy(stripped_argname, argname, arg_len);
1064     stripped_argname[arg_len] = '\0';  // strncpy may not null terminate.
1065     if (is_obsolete_flag(stripped_argname, &since)) {
1066       char version[256];
1067       since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
1068       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", stripped_argname, version);
1069       return true;
1070     }
1071 #ifndef PRODUCT
1072     else {
1073       const char* replacement;
1074       if ((replacement = removed_develop_logging_flag_name(stripped_argname)) != NULL){
1075         log_warning(arguments)("%s has been removed. Please use %s instead.",
1076                                stripped_argname,
1077                                replacement);
1078         return false;
1079       }
1080     }
1081 #endif //PRODUCT
1082   }
1083 
1084   // For locked flags, report a custom error message if available.
1085   // Otherwise, report the standard unrecognized VM option.
1086   Flag* found_flag = Flag::find_flag((const char*)argname, arg_len, true, true);
1087   if (found_flag != NULL) {
1088     char locked_message_buf[BUFLEN];
1089     Flag::MsgType msg_type = found_flag->get_locked_message(locked_message_buf, BUFLEN);
1090     if (strlen(locked_message_buf) == 0) {
1091       if (found_flag->is_bool() && !has_plus_minus) {
1092         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1093           "Missing +/- setting for VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1094       } else if (!found_flag->is_bool() && has_plus_minus) {
1095         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1096           "Unexpected +/- setting in VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1097       } else {
1098         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1099           "Improperly specified VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1100       }
1101     } else {
1102 #ifdef PRODUCT
1103       bool mismatched = ((msg_type == Flag::NOTPRODUCT_FLAG_BUT_PRODUCT_BUILD) ||
1104                          (msg_type == Flag::DEVELOPER_FLAG_BUT_PRODUCT_BUILD));
1105       if (ignore_unrecognized && mismatched) {
1106         return true;
1107       }
1108 #endif
1109       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s", locked_message_buf);
1110     }
1111   } else {
1112     if (ignore_unrecognized) {
1113       return true;
1114     }
1115     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1116                 "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1117     Flag* fuzzy_matched = Flag::fuzzy_match((const char*)argname, arg_len, true);
1118     if (fuzzy_matched != NULL) {
1119       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1120                   "Did you mean '%s%s%s'? ",
1121                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "(+/-)" : "",
1122                   fuzzy_matched->_name,
1123                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "" : "=<value>");
1124     }
1125   }
1126 
1127   // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
1128   return arg[0] == '#';
1129 }
1130 
1131 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
1132   FILE* stream = fopen(file_name, "rb");
1133   if (stream == NULL) {
1134     if (should_exist) {
1135       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1136                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
1137       return false;
1138     } else {
1139       return true;
1140     }
1141   }
1142 
1143   char token[1024];
1144   int  pos = 0;
1145 
1146   bool in_white_space = true;
1147   bool in_comment     = false;
1148   bool in_quote       = false;
1149   char quote_c        = 0;
1150   bool result         = true;
1151 
1152   int c = getc(stream);
1153   while(c != EOF && pos < (int)(sizeof(token)-1)) {
1154     if (in_white_space) {
1155       if (in_comment) {
1156         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
1157       } else {
1158         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
1159         else if (!isspace(c)) {
1160           in_white_space = false;
1161           token[pos++] = c;
1162         }
1163       }
1164     } else {
1165       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace(c))) {
1166         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
1167         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
1168         token[pos] = '\0';
1169         logOption(token);
1170         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
1171         build_jvm_flags(token);
1172         pos = 0;
1173         in_white_space = true;
1174         in_quote = false;
1175       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
1176         in_quote = true;
1177         quote_c = c;
1178       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
1179         in_quote = false;
1180       } else {
1181         token[pos++] = c;
1182       }
1183     }
1184     c = getc(stream);
1185   }
1186   if (pos > 0) {
1187     token[pos] = '\0';
1188     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
1189     build_jvm_flags(token);
1190   }
1191   fclose(stream);
1192   return result;
1193 }
1194 
1195 //=============================================================================================================
1196 // Parsing of properties (-D)
1197 
1198 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
1199   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
1200 }
1201 
1202 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop) {
1203   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
1204   const char* key;
1205   const char* value = "";
1206 
1207   if (eq == NULL) {
1208     // property doesn't have a value, thus use passed string
1209     key = prop;
1210   } else {
1211     // property have a value, thus extract it and save to the
1212     // allocated string
1213     size_t key_len = eq - prop;
1214     char* tmp_key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, mtArguments);
1215 
1216     strncpy(tmp_key, prop, key_len);
1217     tmp_key[key_len] = '\0';
1218     key = tmp_key;
1219 
1220     value = &prop[key_len + 1];
1221   }
1222 
1223   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
1224     process_java_compiler_argument(value);
1225     // Record value in Arguments, but let it get passed to Java.
1226   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm") == 0 ||
1227              strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.pid") == 0) {
1228     // sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm and sun.java.launcher.pid property are
1229     // private and are processed in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
1230     // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
1231   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.boot.library.path") == 0) {
1232     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, true);
1233   } else {
1234     if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
1235       char *old_java_command = _java_command;
1236       _java_command = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1237       if (old_java_command != NULL) {
1238         os::free(old_java_command);
1239       }
1240     } else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
1241       const char* old_java_vendor_url_bug = _java_vendor_url_bug;
1242       // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
1243       // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
1244       _java_vendor_url_bug = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1245       if (old_java_vendor_url_bug != DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG) {
1246         assert(old_java_vendor_url_bug != NULL, "_java_vendor_url_bug is NULL");
1247         os::free((void *)old_java_vendor_url_bug);
1248       }
1249     }
1250 
1251     // Create new property and add at the end of the list
1252     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value);
1253   }
1254 
1255   if (key != prop) {
1256     // SystemProperty copy passed value, thus free previously allocated
1257     // memory
1258     FreeHeap((void *)key);
1259   }
1260 
1261   return true;
1262 }
1263 
1264 // sets or adds a module name to the jdk.launcher.addmods property
1265 bool Arguments::append_to_addmods_property(const char* module_name) {
1266   const char* key = "jdk.launcher.addmods";
1267   const char* old_value = Arguments::get_property(key);
1268   size_t buf_len = strlen(key) + strlen(module_name) + 2;
1269   if (old_value != NULL) {
1270     buf_len += strlen(old_value) + 1;
1271   }
1272   char* new_value = AllocateHeap(buf_len, mtArguments);
1273   if (new_value == NULL) {
1274     return false;
1275   }
1276   if (old_value == NULL) {
1277     jio_snprintf(new_value, buf_len, "%s=%s", key, module_name);
1278   } else {
1279     jio_snprintf(new_value, buf_len, "%s=%s,%s", key, old_value, module_name);
1280   }
1281   bool added = add_property(new_value);
1282   FreeHeap(new_value);
1283   return added;
1284 }
1285 
1286 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1287 void Arguments::check_unsupported_dumping_properties() {
1288   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "this function is only used with -Xshare:dump");
1289   const char* unsupported_properties[5] = { "jdk.module.main",
1290                                            "jdk.module.path",
1291                                            "jdk.upgrade.module.path",
1292                                            "jdk.launcher.addmods",
1293                                            "jdk.launcher.limitmods" };
1294   const char* unsupported_options[5] = { "-m",
1295                                         "-modulepath",
1296                                         "-upgrademodulepath",
1297                                         "-addmods",
1298                                         "-limitmods" };
1299   SystemProperty* sp = system_properties();
1300   while (sp != NULL) {
1301     for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
1302       if (strcmp(sp->key(), unsupported_properties[i]) == 0) {
1303           vm_exit_during_initialization(
1304             "Cannot use the following option when dumping the shared archive", unsupported_options[i]);
1305       }
1306     }
1307     sp = sp->next();
1308   }
1309 }
1310 #endif
1311 
1312 //===========================================================================================================
1313 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
1314 
1315 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
1316   // Set up default values for all flags.
1317   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
1318   // add a default value for it here.
1319   set_java_compiler(false);
1320   _mode                      = mode;
1321 
1322   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
1323   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
1324   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
1325                           VM_Version::vm_info_string(), false);
1326 
1327   UseInterpreter             = true;
1328   UseCompiler                = true;
1329   UseLoopCounter             = true;
1330 
1331   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
1332   // use the saved values
1333   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
1334   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1335   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
1336   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
1337   if (TieredCompilation) {
1338     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog)) {
1339       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
1340     }
1341     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier4InvocationThreshold)) {
1342       Tier4InvocationThreshold = Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold;
1343     }
1344   }
1345 
1346   // Change from defaults based on mode
1347   switch (mode) {
1348   default:
1349     ShouldNotReachHere();
1350     break;
1351   case _int:
1352     UseCompiler              = false;
1353     UseLoopCounter           = false;
1354     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
1355     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
1356     break;
1357   case _mixed:
1358     // same as default
1359     break;
1360   case _comp:
1361     UseInterpreter           = false;
1362     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
1363     ClipInlining             = false;
1364     // Be much more aggressive in tiered mode with -Xcomp and exercise C2 more.
1365     // We will first compile a level 3 version (C1 with full profiling), then do one invocation of it and
1366     // compile a level 4 (C2) and then continue executing it.
1367     if (TieredCompilation) {
1368       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1369       Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1370     }
1371     break;
1372   }
1373 }
1374 
1375 #if defined(COMPILER2) || INCLUDE_JVMCI || defined(_LP64) || !INCLUDE_CDS
1376 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
1377 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
1378 
1379 static void no_shared_spaces(const char* message) {
1380   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1381     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1382       "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
1383     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive.", message);
1384   } else {
1385     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
1386   }
1387 }
1388 #endif
1389 
1390 // Returns threshold scaled with the value of scale.
1391 // If scale < 0.0, threshold is returned without scaling.
1392 intx Arguments::scaled_compile_threshold(intx threshold, double scale) {
1393   if (scale == 1.0 || scale < 0.0) {
1394     return threshold;
1395   } else {
1396     return (intx)(threshold * scale);
1397   }
1398 }
1399 
1400 // Returns freq_log scaled with the value of scale.
1401 // Returned values are in the range of [0, InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits + 1].
1402 // If scale < 0.0, freq_log is returned without scaling.
1403 intx Arguments::scaled_freq_log(intx freq_log, double scale) {
1404   // Check if scaling is necessary or if negative value was specified.
1405   if (scale == 1.0 || scale < 0.0) {
1406     return freq_log;
1407   }
1408   // Check values to avoid calculating log2 of 0.
1409   if (scale == 0.0 || freq_log == 0) {
1410     return 0;
1411   }
1412   // Determine the maximum notification frequency value currently supported.
1413   // The largest mask value that the interpreter/C1 can handle is
1414   // of length InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits. Mask values are always
1415   // one bit shorter then the value of the notification frequency. Set
1416   // max_freq_bits accordingly.
1417   intx max_freq_bits = InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits + 1;
1418   intx scaled_freq = scaled_compile_threshold((intx)1 << freq_log, scale);
1419   if (scaled_freq == 0) {
1420     // Return 0 right away to avoid calculating log2 of 0.
1421     return 0;
1422   } else if (scaled_freq > nth_bit(max_freq_bits)) {
1423     return max_freq_bits;
1424   } else {
1425     return log2_intptr(scaled_freq);
1426   }
1427 }
1428 
1429 void Arguments::set_tiered_flags() {
1430   // With tiered, set default policy to AdvancedThresholdPolicy, which is 3.
1431   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice)) {
1432     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice, 3);
1433   }
1434   if (CompilationPolicyChoice < 2) {
1435     vm_exit_during_initialization(
1436       "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
1437   }
1438   // Increase the code cache size - tiered compiles a lot more.
1439   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1440     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize,
1441                   MIN2(CODE_CACHE_DEFAULT_LIMIT, ReservedCodeCacheSize * 5));
1442   }
1443   // Enable SegmentedCodeCache if TieredCompilation is enabled and ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240M
1444   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SegmentedCodeCache) && ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240*M) {
1445     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, SegmentedCodeCache, true);
1446   }
1447   if (!UseInterpreter) { // -Xcomp
1448     Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1449     Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1450   }
1451 
1452   if (CompileThresholdScaling < 0) {
1453     vm_exit_during_initialization("Negative value specified for CompileThresholdScaling", NULL);
1454   }
1455 
1456   // Scale tiered compilation thresholds.
1457   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is equivalent to -Xint and leaves compilation thresholds unchanged.
1458   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling) && CompileThresholdScaling > 0.0) {
1459     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1460     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1461 
1462     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3InvocationThreshold));
1463     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3MinInvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3MinInvocationThreshold));
1464     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3CompileThreshold));
1465     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackEdgeThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3BackEdgeThreshold));
1466 
1467     // Tier2{Invocation,MinInvocation,Compile,Backedge}Threshold should be scaled here
1468     // once these thresholds become supported.
1469 
1470     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1471     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1472 
1473     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1474     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1475 
1476     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog));
1477 
1478     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4InvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4InvocationThreshold));
1479     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4MinInvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4MinInvocationThreshold));
1480     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4CompileThreshold));
1481     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4BackEdgeThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4BackEdgeThreshold));
1482   }
1483 }
1484 
1485 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1486 static void disable_adaptive_size_policy(const char* collector_name) {
1487   if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
1488     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy)) {
1489       warning("Disabling UseAdaptiveSizePolicy; it is incompatible with %s.",
1490               collector_name);
1491     }
1492     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy, false);
1493   }
1494 }
1495 
1496 void Arguments::set_parnew_gc_flags() {
1497   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC && !UseG1GC,
1498          "control point invariant");
1499   assert(UseConcMarkSweepGC, "CMS is expected to be on here");
1500   assert(UseParNewGC, "ParNew should always be used with CMS");
1501 
1502   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads)) {
1503     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1504     assert(ParallelGCThreads > 0, "We should always have at least one thread by default");
1505   } else if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1506     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1507         "The ParNew GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0\n");
1508     vm_exit(1);
1509   }
1510 
1511   // By default YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize are set to 4096 and 1024 respectively,
1512   // these settings are default for Parallel Scavenger. For ParNew+Tenured configuration
1513   // we set them to 1024 and 1024.
1514   // See CR 6362902.
1515   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize)) {
1516     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1517   }
1518   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1519     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1520   }
1521 
1522   // When using compressed oops, we use local overflow stacks,
1523   // rather than using a global overflow list chained through
1524   // the klass word of the object's pre-image.
1525   if (UseCompressedOops && !ParGCUseLocalOverflow) {
1526     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow)) {
1527       warning("Forcing +ParGCUseLocalOverflow: needed if using compressed references");
1528     }
1529     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow, true);
1530   }
1531   assert(ParGCUseLocalOverflow || !UseCompressedOops, "Error");
1532 }
1533 
1534 // Adjust some sizes to suit CMS and/or ParNew needs; these work well on
1535 // sparc/solaris for certain applications, but would gain from
1536 // further optimization and tuning efforts, and would almost
1537 // certainly gain from analysis of platform and environment.
1538 void Arguments::set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags() {
1539   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC, "Error");
1540   assert(UseConcMarkSweepGC, "CMS is expected to be on here");
1541   assert(UseParNewGC, "ParNew should always be used with CMS");
1542 
1543   // Turn off AdaptiveSizePolicy by default for cms until it is complete.
1544   disable_adaptive_size_policy("UseConcMarkSweepGC");
1545 
1546   set_parnew_gc_flags();
1547 
1548   size_t max_heap = align_size_down(MaxHeapSize,
1549                                     CardTableRS::ct_max_alignment_constraint());
1550 
1551   // Now make adjustments for CMS
1552   intx   tenuring_default = (intx)6;
1553   size_t young_gen_per_worker = CMSYoungGenPerWorker;
1554 
1555   // Preferred young gen size for "short" pauses:
1556   // upper bound depends on # of threads and NewRatio.
1557   const size_t preferred_max_new_size_unaligned =
1558     MIN2(max_heap/(NewRatio+1), ScaleForWordSize(young_gen_per_worker * ParallelGCThreads));
1559   size_t preferred_max_new_size =
1560     align_size_up(preferred_max_new_size_unaligned, os::vm_page_size());
1561 
1562   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size young gen
1563   // for "short" pauses ~ CMSYoungGenPerWorker*ParallelGCThreads
1564 
1565   // If either MaxNewSize or NewRatio is set on the command line,
1566   // assume the user is trying to set the size of the young gen.
1567   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxNewSize) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewRatio)) {
1568 
1569     // Set MaxNewSize to our calculated preferred_max_new_size unless
1570     // NewSize was set on the command line and it is larger than
1571     // preferred_max_new_size.
1572     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {   // NewSize explicitly set at command-line
1573       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, MaxNewSize, MAX2(NewSize, preferred_max_new_size));
1574     } else {
1575       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, MaxNewSize, preferred_max_new_size);
1576     }
1577     log_trace(gc, heap)("CMS ergo set MaxNewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, MaxNewSize);
1578 
1579     // Code along this path potentially sets NewSize and OldSize
1580     log_trace(gc, heap)("CMS set min_heap_size: " SIZE_FORMAT " initial_heap_size:  " SIZE_FORMAT " max_heap: " SIZE_FORMAT,
1581                         min_heap_size(), InitialHeapSize, max_heap);
1582     size_t min_new = preferred_max_new_size;
1583     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(NewSize)) {
1584       min_new = NewSize;
1585     }
1586     if (max_heap > min_new && min_heap_size() > min_new) {
1587       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, make young gen
1588       // at least min_new, and at most preferred_max_new_size.
1589       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1590         FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, NewSize, MAX2(NewSize, min_new));
1591         FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, NewSize, MIN2(preferred_max_new_size, NewSize));
1592         log_trace(gc, heap)("CMS ergo set NewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, NewSize);
1593       }
1594       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size old gen
1595       // so it's NewRatio x of NewSize.
1596       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldSize)) {
1597         if (max_heap > NewSize) {
1598           FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, OldSize, MIN2(NewRatio*NewSize, max_heap - NewSize));
1599           log_trace(gc, heap)("CMS ergo set OldSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, OldSize);
1600         }
1601       }
1602     }
1603   }
1604   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, definitely
1605   // promote all objects surviving "tenuring_default" scavenges.
1606   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxTenuringThreshold) &&
1607       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1608     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, tenuring_default);
1609   }
1610   // If we decided above (or user explicitly requested)
1611   // `promote all' (via MaxTenuringThreshold := 0),
1612   // prefer minuscule survivor spaces so as not to waste
1613   // space for (non-existent) survivors
1614   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio) && MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
1615     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, SurvivorRatio, MAX2((uintx)1024, SurvivorRatio));
1616   }
1617 
1618   // OldPLABSize is interpreted in CMS as not the size of the PLAB in words,
1619   // but rather the number of free blocks of a given size that are used when
1620   // replenishing the local per-worker free list caches.
1621   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1622     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ResizeOldPLAB) && !ResizeOldPLAB) {
1623       // OldPLAB sizing manually turned off: Use a larger default setting,
1624       // unless it was manually specified. This is because a too-low value
1625       // will slow down scavenges.
1626       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, OldPLABSize, CompactibleFreeListSpaceLAB::_default_static_old_plab_size); // default value before 6631166
1627     } else {
1628       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize, CompactibleFreeListSpaceLAB::_default_dynamic_old_plab_size); // old CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim default
1629     }
1630   }
1631 
1632   // If either of the static initialization defaults have changed, note this
1633   // modification.
1634   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABWeight)) {
1635     CompactibleFreeListSpaceLAB::modify_initialization(OldPLABSize, OldPLABWeight);
1636   }
1637 
1638   if (!ClassUnloading) {
1639     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSClassUnloadingEnabled, false);
1640     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses, false);
1641   }
1642 
1643   log_trace(gc)("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk", (unsigned int) (MarkStackSize / K), (uint) (MarkStackSizeMax / K));
1644 }
1645 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1646 
1647 void set_object_alignment() {
1648   // Object alignment.
1649   assert(is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes), "ObjectAlignmentInBytes must be power of 2");
1650   MinObjAlignmentInBytes     = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1651   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes >= HeapWordsPerLong * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is too small");
1652   MinObjAlignment            = MinObjAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
1653   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes == MinObjAlignment * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is incorrect");
1654   MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask = MinObjAlignmentInBytes - 1;
1655 
1656   LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes  = exact_log2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1657   LogMinObjAlignment         = LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
1658 
1659   // Oop encoding heap max
1660   OopEncodingHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1661 
1662   if (SurvivorAlignmentInBytes == 0) {
1663     SurvivorAlignmentInBytes = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1664   }
1665 
1666 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1667   // Set CMS global values
1668   CompactibleFreeListSpace::set_cms_values();
1669 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1670 }
1671 
1672 size_t Arguments::max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1673   // Avoid sign flip.
1674   assert(OopEncodingHeapMax > (uint64_t)os::vm_page_size(), "Unusual page size");
1675   // We need to fit both the NULL page and the heap into the memory budget, while
1676   // keeping alignment constraints of the heap. To guarantee the latter, as the
1677   // NULL page is located before the heap, we pad the NULL page to the conservative
1678   // maximum alignment that the GC may ever impose upon the heap.
1679   size_t displacement_due_to_null_page = align_size_up_(os::vm_page_size(),
1680                                                         _conservative_max_heap_alignment);
1681 
1682   LP64_ONLY(return OopEncodingHeapMax - displacement_due_to_null_page);
1683   NOT_LP64(ShouldNotReachHere(); return 0);
1684 }
1685 
1686 bool Arguments::should_auto_select_low_pause_collector() {
1687   if (UseAutoGCSelectPolicy &&
1688       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxGCPauseMillis) &&
1689       (MaxGCPauseMillis <= AutoGCSelectPauseMillis)) {
1690     log_trace(gc)("Automatic selection of the low pause collector based on pause goal of %d (ms)", (int) MaxGCPauseMillis);
1691     return true;
1692   }
1693   return false;
1694 }
1695 
1696 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_oops() {
1697 #ifndef ZERO
1698 #ifdef _LP64
1699   // MaxHeapSize is not set up properly at this point, but
1700   // the only value that can override MaxHeapSize if we are
1701   // to use UseCompressedOops is InitialHeapSize.
1702   size_t max_heap_size = MAX2(MaxHeapSize, InitialHeapSize);
1703 
1704   if (max_heap_size <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1705 #if !defined(COMPILER1) || defined(TIERED)
1706     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1707       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedOops, true);
1708     }
1709 #endif
1710   } else {
1711     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1712       warning("Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1713       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1714       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1715     }
1716   }
1717 #endif // _LP64
1718 #endif // ZERO
1719 }
1720 
1721 
1722 // NOTE: set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1723 // set_use_compressed_oops().
1724 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() {
1725 #ifndef ZERO
1726 #ifdef _LP64
1727   // UseCompressedOops must be on for UseCompressedClassPointers to be on.
1728   if (!UseCompressedOops) {
1729     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1730       warning("UseCompressedClassPointers requires UseCompressedOops");
1731     }
1732     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1733   } else {
1734     // Turn on UseCompressedClassPointers too
1735     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers)) {
1736       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedClassPointers, true);
1737     }
1738     // Check the CompressedClassSpaceSize to make sure we use compressed klass ptrs.
1739     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1740       if (CompressedClassSpaceSize > KlassEncodingMetaspaceMax) {
1741         warning("CompressedClassSpaceSize is too large for UseCompressedClassPointers");
1742         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1743       }
1744     }
1745   }
1746 #endif // _LP64
1747 #endif // !ZERO
1748 }
1749 
1750 void Arguments::set_conservative_max_heap_alignment() {
1751   // The conservative maximum required alignment for the heap is the maximum of
1752   // the alignments imposed by several sources: any requirements from the heap
1753   // itself, the collector policy and the maximum page size we may run the VM
1754   // with.
1755   size_t heap_alignment = GenCollectedHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1756 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1757   if (UseParallelGC) {
1758     heap_alignment = ParallelScavengeHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1759   } else if (UseG1GC) {
1760     heap_alignment = G1CollectedHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1761   }
1762 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1763   _conservative_max_heap_alignment = MAX4(heap_alignment,
1764                                           (size_t)os::vm_allocation_granularity(),
1765                                           os::max_page_size(),
1766                                           CollectorPolicy::compute_heap_alignment());
1767 }
1768 
1769 bool Arguments::gc_selected() {
1770 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1771   return UseSerialGC || UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC || UseConcMarkSweepGC || UseG1GC;
1772 #else
1773   return UseSerialGC;
1774 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1775 }
1776 
1777 void Arguments::select_gc_ergonomically() {
1778 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1779   if (os::is_server_class_machine()) {
1780     if (should_auto_select_low_pause_collector()) {
1781       FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
1782     } else {
1783 #if defined(JAVASE_EMBEDDED)
1784       FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
1785 #else
1786       FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(bool, UseG1GC, true);
1787 #endif
1788     }
1789   } else {
1790     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(bool, UseSerialGC, true);
1791   }
1792 #else
1793   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseG1GC);
1794   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseParallelGC);
1795   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseParallelOldGC);
1796   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseConcMarkSweepGC);
1797   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseParNewGC);
1798   FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(bool, UseSerialGC, true);
1799 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1800 }
1801 
1802 void Arguments::select_gc() {
1803   if (!gc_selected()) {
1804     select_gc_ergonomically();
1805     if (!gc_selected()) {
1806       vm_exit_during_initialization("Garbage collector not selected (default collector explicitly disabled)", NULL);
1807     }
1808   }
1809 }
1810 
1811 void Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1812   select_gc();
1813 
1814 #if defined(COMPILER2) || INCLUDE_JVMCI
1815   // Shared spaces work fine with other GCs but causes bytecode rewriting
1816   // to be disabled, which hurts interpreter performance and decreases
1817   // server performance.  When -server is specified, keep the default off
1818   // unless it is asked for.  Future work: either add bytecode rewriting
1819   // at link time, or rewrite bytecodes in non-shared methods.
1820   if (!DumpSharedSpaces && !RequireSharedSpaces &&
1821       (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces) || !UseSharedSpaces)) {
1822     no_shared_spaces("COMPILER2 default: -Xshare:auto | off, have to manually setup to on.");
1823   }
1824 #endif
1825 
1826   set_conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1827 
1828 #ifndef ZERO
1829 #ifdef _LP64
1830   set_use_compressed_oops();
1831 
1832   // set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1833   // set_use_compressed_oops().
1834   set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs();
1835 
1836   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1837   // in vm_version initialization code.
1838 #endif // _LP64
1839 #endif // !ZERO
1840 
1841   CodeCacheExtensions::set_ergonomics_flags();
1842 }
1843 
1844 void Arguments::set_parallel_gc_flags() {
1845   assert(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC, "Error");
1846   // Enable ParallelOld unless it was explicitly disabled (cmd line or rc file).
1847   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC)) {
1848     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC, true);
1849   }
1850   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC, true);
1851 
1852   // If no heap maximum was requested explicitly, use some reasonable fraction
1853   // of the physical memory, up to a maximum of 1GB.
1854   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
1855                    Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1856   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1857     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1858         "The Parallel GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0\n");
1859     vm_exit(1);
1860   }
1861 
1862   if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
1863     // We don't want to limit adaptive heap sizing's freedom to adjust the heap
1864     // unless the user actually sets these flags.
1865     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapFreeRatio)) {
1866       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapFreeRatio, 0);
1867     }
1868     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapFreeRatio)) {
1869       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxHeapFreeRatio, 100);
1870     }
1871   }
1872 
1873   // If InitialSurvivorRatio or MinSurvivorRatio were not specified, but the
1874   // SurvivorRatio has been set, reset their default values to SurvivorRatio +
1875   // 2.  By doing this we make SurvivorRatio also work for Parallel Scavenger.
1876   // See CR 6362902 for details.
1877   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1878     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio)) {
1879        FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1880     }
1881     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio)) {
1882       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1883     }
1884   }
1885 
1886   if (UseParallelOldGC) {
1887     // Par compact uses lower default values since they are treated as
1888     // minimums.  These are different defaults because of the different
1889     // interpretation and are not ergonomically set.
1890     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio)) {
1891       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio, 1);
1892     }
1893   }
1894 }
1895 
1896 void Arguments::set_g1_gc_flags() {
1897   assert(UseG1GC, "Error");
1898 #if defined(COMPILER1) || INCLUDE_JVMCI
1899   FastTLABRefill = false;
1900 #endif
1901   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1902   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1903     assert(!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads), "The default value for ParallelGCThreads should not be 0.");
1904     vm_exit_during_initialization("The flag -XX:+UseG1GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0", NULL);
1905   }
1906 
1907 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1908   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(G1ConcRefinementThreads)) {
1909     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uint, G1ConcRefinementThreads, ParallelGCThreads);
1910   }
1911 #endif
1912 
1913   // MarkStackSize will be set (if it hasn't been set by the user)
1914   // when concurrent marking is initialized.
1915   // Its value will be based upon the number of parallel marking threads.
1916   // But we do set the maximum mark stack size here.
1917   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkStackSizeMax)) {
1918     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkStackSizeMax, 128 * TASKQUEUE_SIZE);
1919   }
1920 
1921   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio) || GCTimeRatio == 0) {
1922     // In G1, we want the default GC overhead goal to be higher than
1923     // it is for PS, or the heap might be expanded too aggressively.
1924     // We set it here to ~8%.
1925     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio, 12);
1926   }
1927 
1928   // Below, we might need to calculate the pause time interval based on
1929   // the pause target. When we do so we are going to give G1 maximum
1930   // flexibility and allow it to do pauses when it needs to. So, we'll
1931   // arrange that the pause interval to be pause time target + 1 to
1932   // ensure that a) the pause time target is maximized with respect to
1933   // the pause interval and b) we maintain the invariant that pause
1934   // time target < pause interval. If the user does not want this
1935   // maximum flexibility, they will have to set the pause interval
1936   // explicitly.
1937 
1938   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxGCPauseMillis)) {
1939     // The default pause time target in G1 is 200ms
1940     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxGCPauseMillis, 200);
1941   }
1942 
1943   // Then, if the interval parameter was not set, set it according to
1944   // the pause time target (this will also deal with the case when the
1945   // pause time target is the default value).
1946   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(GCPauseIntervalMillis)) {
1947     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(GCPauseIntervalMillis, MaxGCPauseMillis + 1);
1948   }
1949 
1950   log_trace(gc)("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk", (unsigned int) (MarkStackSize / K), (uint) (MarkStackSizeMax / K));
1951 }
1952 
1953 void Arguments::set_gc_specific_flags() {
1954 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1955   // Set per-collector flags
1956   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
1957     set_parallel_gc_flags();
1958   } else if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
1959     set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags();
1960   } else if (UseG1GC) {
1961     set_g1_gc_flags();
1962   }
1963   if (AssumeMP && !UseSerialGC) {
1964     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads) && ParallelGCThreads == 1) {
1965       warning("If the number of processors is expected to increase from one, then"
1966               " you should configure the number of parallel GC threads appropriately"
1967               " using -XX:ParallelGCThreads=N");
1968     }
1969   }
1970   if (MinHeapFreeRatio == 100) {
1971     // Keeping the heap 100% free is hard ;-) so limit it to 99%.
1972     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, 99);
1973   }
1974 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1975 }
1976 
1977 julong Arguments::limit_by_allocatable_memory(julong limit) {
1978   julong max_allocatable;
1979   julong result = limit;
1980   if (os::has_allocatable_memory_limit(&max_allocatable)) {
1981     result = MIN2(result, max_allocatable / MaxVirtMemFraction);
1982   }
1983   return result;
1984 }
1985 
1986 // Use static initialization to get the default before parsing
1987 static const size_t DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress = HeapBaseMinAddress;
1988 
1989 void Arguments::set_heap_size() {
1990   const julong phys_mem =
1991     FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM) ? MIN2(os::physical_memory(), (julong)MaxRAM)
1992                             : (julong)MaxRAM;
1993 
1994   // If the maximum heap size has not been set with -Xmx,
1995   // then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1996   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1997   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1998     julong reasonable_max = phys_mem / MaxRAMFraction;
1999 
2000     if (phys_mem <= MaxHeapSize * MinRAMFraction) {
2001       // Small physical memory, so use a minimum fraction of it for the heap
2002       reasonable_max = phys_mem / MinRAMFraction;
2003     } else {
2004       // Not-small physical memory, so require a heap at least
2005       // as large as MaxHeapSize
2006       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
2007     }
2008     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ErgoHeapSizeLimit) && ErgoHeapSizeLimit != 0) {
2009       // Limit the heap size to ErgoHeapSizeLimit
2010       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, (julong)ErgoHeapSizeLimit);
2011     }
2012     if (UseCompressedOops) {
2013       // Limit the heap size to the maximum possible when using compressed oops
2014       julong max_coop_heap = (julong)max_heap_for_compressed_oops();
2015 
2016       // HeapBaseMinAddress can be greater than default but not less than.
2017       if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress)) {
2018         if (HeapBaseMinAddress < DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress) {
2019           // matches compressed oops printing flags
2020           log_debug(gc, heap, coops)("HeapBaseMinAddress must be at least " SIZE_FORMAT
2021                                      " (" SIZE_FORMAT "G) which is greater than value given " SIZE_FORMAT,
2022                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress,
2023                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress/G,
2024                                      HeapBaseMinAddress);
2025           FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, HeapBaseMinAddress, DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress);
2026         }
2027       }
2028 
2029       if (HeapBaseMinAddress + MaxHeapSize < max_coop_heap) {
2030         // Heap should be above HeapBaseMinAddress to get zero based compressed oops
2031         // but it should be not less than default MaxHeapSize.
2032         max_coop_heap -= HeapBaseMinAddress;
2033       }
2034       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, max_coop_heap);
2035     }
2036     reasonable_max = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_max);
2037 
2038     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
2039       // An initial heap size was specified on the command line,
2040       // so be sure that the maximum size is consistent.  Done
2041       // after call to limit_by_allocatable_memory because that
2042       // method might reduce the allocation size.
2043       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)InitialHeapSize);
2044     }
2045 
2046     log_trace(gc, heap)("  Maximum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t) reasonable_max);
2047     FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_max);
2048   }
2049 
2050   // If the minimum or initial heap_size have not been set or requested to be set
2051   // ergonomically, set them accordingly.
2052   if (InitialHeapSize == 0 || min_heap_size() == 0) {
2053     julong reasonable_minimum = (julong)(OldSize + NewSize);
2054 
2055     reasonable_minimum = MIN2(reasonable_minimum, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
2056 
2057     reasonable_minimum = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_minimum);
2058 
2059     if (InitialHeapSize == 0) {
2060       julong reasonable_initial = phys_mem / InitialRAMFraction;
2061 
2062       reasonable_initial = MAX3(reasonable_initial, reasonable_minimum, (julong)min_heap_size());
2063       reasonable_initial = MIN2(reasonable_initial, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
2064 
2065       reasonable_initial = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_initial);
2066 
2067       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Initial heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
2068       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
2069     }
2070     // If the minimum heap size has not been set (via -Xms),
2071     // synchronize with InitialHeapSize to avoid errors with the default value.
2072     if (min_heap_size() == 0) {
2073       set_min_heap_size(MIN2((size_t)reasonable_minimum, InitialHeapSize));
2074       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Minimum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, min_heap_size());
2075     }
2076   }
2077 }
2078 
2079 // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
2080 // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
2081 // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
2082 // amounts of cpu and memory.
2083 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_heap_flags() {
2084   // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
2085   // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
2086   // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
2087   // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
2088   // calculations.
2089   julong initHeapSize;
2090   julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
2091 
2092   if (total_memory < (julong) 256 * M) {
2093     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2094             "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
2095     vm_exit(1);
2096   }
2097 
2098   // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
2099   // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
2100   // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
2101   // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
2102 
2103   initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong) 2,
2104           total_memory - (julong) 160 * M);
2105 
2106   initHeapSize = limit_by_allocatable_memory(initHeapSize);
2107 
2108   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
2109     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2110       return JNI_EINVAL;
2111     }
2112     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, initHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2113       return JNI_EINVAL;
2114     }
2115     // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2116     set_min_heap_size(initHeapSize);
2117   }
2118   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
2119     // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
2120     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize,
2121             ((julong) MaxHeapSize / (julong) 8) * (julong) 3) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2122       return JNI_EINVAL;
2123     }
2124     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, NewSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2125       return JNI_EINVAL;
2126     }
2127   }
2128 
2129 #if !defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) && !defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
2130   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
2131 #endif
2132 
2133   // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
2134   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, BaseFootPrintEstimate, MaxHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2135     return JNI_EINVAL;
2136   }
2137   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2138     return JNI_EINVAL;
2139   }
2140   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, TLABSize, 256 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2141     return JNI_EINVAL;
2142   }
2143 
2144   // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
2145   // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
2146   // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
2147   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, YoungPLABSize, 256 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
2148     return JNI_EINVAL;
2149   }
2150 
2151   // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
2152   // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
2153   // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
2154   // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
2155   // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
2156   // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
2157   // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
2158   // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
2159   // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
2160   // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
2161   // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
2162   // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
2163   // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
2164   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, OldPLABSize, 8 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
2165     return JNI_EINVAL;
2166   }
2167 
2168   // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
2169   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseParallelGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2170     return JNI_EINVAL;
2171   }
2172   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
2173           Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
2174 
2175   // Encourage steady state memory management
2176   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ThresholdTolerance, 100) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2177     return JNI_EINVAL;
2178   }
2179 
2180   // This appears to improve mutator locality
2181   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2182     return JNI_EINVAL;
2183   }
2184 
2185   // Get around early Solaris scheduling bug
2186   // (affinity vs other jobs on system)
2187   // but disallow DR and offlining (5008695).
2188   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2189     return JNI_EINVAL;
2190   }
2191 
2192   return JNI_OK;
2193 }
2194 
2195 // This must be called after ergonomics.
2196 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
2197   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
2198     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
2199   }
2200 }
2201 
2202 // Aggressive optimization flags  -XX:+AggressiveOpts
2203 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
2204 #ifdef COMPILER2
2205   if (AggressiveUnboxing) {
2206     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
2207       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
2208     } else if (!EliminateAutoBox) {
2209       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because EliminateAutoBox is disabled");
2210       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
2211     }
2212     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
2213       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
2214     } else if (!DoEscapeAnalysis) {
2215       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because DoEscapeAnalysis is disabled");
2216       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
2217     }
2218   }
2219   if (AggressiveOpts || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
2220     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
2221       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
2222     }
2223     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
2224       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax, 20000);
2225     }
2226 
2227     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
2228     char buffer[1024];
2229     sprintf(buffer, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=" INTX_FORMAT, AutoBoxCacheMax);
2230     if (!add_property(buffer)) {
2231       return JNI_ENOMEM;
2232     }
2233   }
2234   if (AggressiveOpts && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay)) {
2235     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay, 500);
2236   }
2237 #endif
2238 
2239   if (AggressiveOpts) {
2240 // Sample flag setting code
2241 //    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing)) {
2242 //      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing, true);
2243 //    }
2244   }
2245 
2246   return JNI_OK;
2247 }
2248 
2249 //===========================================================================================================
2250 // Parsing of java.compiler property
2251 
2252 void Arguments::process_java_compiler_argument(const char* arg) {
2253   // For backwards compatibility, Djava.compiler=NONE or ""
2254   // causes us to switch to -Xint mode UNLESS -Xdebug
2255   // is also specified.
2256   if (strlen(arg) == 0 || strcasecmp(arg, "NONE") == 0) {
2257     set_java_compiler(true);    // "-Djava.compiler[=...]" most recently seen.
2258   }
2259 }
2260 
2261 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
2262   _sun_java_launcher = os::strdup_check_oom(launcher);
2263 }
2264 
2265 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
2266   assert(_sun_java_launcher != NULL, "property must have value");
2267   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
2268 }
2269 
2270 bool Arguments::sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm() {
2271   return _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm;
2272 }
2273 
2274 //===========================================================================================================
2275 // Parsing of main arguments
2276 
2277 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
2278 // Check consistency of jvmci vm argument settings.
2279 bool Arguments::check_jvmci_args_consistency() {
2280   if (!EnableJVMCI && !JVMCIGlobals::check_jvmci_flags_are_consistent()) {
2281     JVMCIGlobals::print_jvmci_args_inconsistency_error_message();
2282     return false;
2283   }
2284   return true;
2285 }
2286 #endif //INCLUDE_JVMCI
2287 
2288 // Check consistency of GC selection
2289 bool Arguments::check_gc_consistency() {
2290   // Ensure that the user has not selected conflicting sets
2291   // of collectors.
2292   uint i = 0;
2293   if (UseSerialGC)                       i++;
2294   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC)                i++;
2295   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) i++;
2296   if (UseG1GC)                           i++;
2297   if (i > 1) {
2298     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2299                 "Conflicting collector combinations in option list; "
2300                 "please refer to the release notes for the combinations "
2301                 "allowed\n");
2302     return false;
2303   }
2304 
2305   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && !UseParNewGC) {
2306     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2307         "It is not possible to combine the DefNew young collector with the CMS collector.\n");
2308     return false;
2309   }
2310 
2311   if (UseParNewGC && !UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
2312     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2313         "It is not possible to combine the ParNew young collector with any collector other than CMS.\n");
2314     return false;
2315   }
2316 
2317   return true;
2318 }
2319 
2320 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
2321 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
2322   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
2323   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
2324   // before returning an error.
2325   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
2326   bool status = true;
2327 
2328   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
2329     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2330                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
2331                 "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
2332                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
2333     status = false;
2334   }
2335 
2336   if (FullGCALot && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount)) {
2337     MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount = 1;  // Move objects every gc.
2338   }
2339 
2340   if (!(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
2341     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2342   }
2343 
2344   if (GCTimeLimit == 100) {
2345     // Turn off gc-overhead-limit-exceeded checks
2346     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
2347   }
2348 
2349   status = status && check_gc_consistency();
2350 
2351   // CMS space iteration, which FLSVerifyAllHeapreferences entails,
2352   // insists that we hold the requisite locks so that the iteration is
2353   // MT-safe. For the verification at start-up and shut-down, we don't
2354   // yet have a good way of acquiring and releasing these locks,
2355   // which are not visible at the CollectedHeap level. We want to
2356   // be able to acquire these locks and then do the iteration rather
2357   // than just disable the lock verification. This will be fixed under
2358   // bug 4788986.
2359   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences) {
2360     if (VerifyDuringStartup) {
2361       warning("Heap verification at start-up disabled "
2362               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2363       VerifyDuringStartup = false; // Disable verification at start-up
2364     }
2365 
2366     if (VerifyBeforeExit) {
2367       warning("Heap verification at shutdown disabled "
2368               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2369       VerifyBeforeExit = false; // Disable verification at shutdown
2370     }
2371   }
2372 
2373   if (PrintNMTStatistics) {
2374 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2375     if (MemTracker::tracking_level() == NMT_off) {
2376 #endif // INCLUDE_NMT
2377       warning("PrintNMTStatistics is disabled, because native memory tracking is not enabled");
2378       PrintNMTStatistics = false;
2379 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2380     }
2381 #endif
2382   }
2383 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
2384 
2385   status = status && check_jvmci_args_consistency();
2386 
2387   if (EnableJVMCI) {
2388     if (!ScavengeRootsInCode) {
2389       warning("forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero because JVMCI is enabled");
2390       ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
2391     }
2392     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel)) {
2393       TypeProfileLevel = 0;
2394     }
2395     if (UseJVMCICompiler) {
2396       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileWidth)) {
2397         TypeProfileWidth = 8;
2398       }
2399     }
2400   }
2401 #endif
2402 
2403   // Check lower bounds of the code cache
2404   // Template Interpreter code is approximately 3X larger in debug builds.
2405   uint min_code_cache_size = CodeCacheMinimumUseSpace DEBUG_ONLY(* 3);
2406   if (InitialCodeCacheSize < (uintx)os::vm_page_size()) {
2407     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2408                 "Invalid InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %dK.\n", InitialCodeCacheSize/K,
2409                 os::vm_page_size()/K);
2410     status = false;
2411   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < InitialCodeCacheSize) {
2412     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2413                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize: %dK. Must be at least InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK.\n",
2414                 ReservedCodeCacheSize/K, InitialCodeCacheSize/K);
2415     status = false;
2416   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < min_code_cache_size) {
2417     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2418                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/K,
2419                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2420     status = false;
2421   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize > CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT) {
2422     // Code cache size larger than CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT is not supported.
2423     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2424                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dM. Must be at most %uM.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/M,
2425                 CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT/M);
2426     status = false;
2427   } else if (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize < min_code_cache_size) {
2428     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2429                 "Invalid NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K,
2430                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2431     status = false;
2432   }
2433 
2434 #ifdef _LP64
2435   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCount) && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCountPerCPU) && CICompilerCountPerCPU) {
2436     warning("The VM option CICompilerCountPerCPU overrides CICompilerCount.");
2437   }
2438 #endif
2439 
2440 #ifndef SUPPORT_RESERVED_STACK_AREA
2441   if (StackReservedPages != 0) {
2442     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, StackReservedPages, 0);
2443     warning("Reserved Stack Area not supported on this platform");
2444   }
2445 #endif
2446 
2447   if (BackgroundCompilation && (CompileTheWorld || ReplayCompiles)) {
2448     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(BackgroundCompilation)) {
2449       warning("BackgroundCompilation disabled due to CompileTheWorld or ReplayCompiles options.");
2450     }
2451     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
2452   }
2453   if (UseCompiler && is_interpreter_only()) {
2454     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompiler)) {
2455       warning("UseCompiler disabled due to -Xint.");
2456     }
2457     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseCompiler, false);
2458   }
2459 #ifdef COMPILER2
2460   if (PostLoopMultiversioning && !RangeCheckElimination) {
2461     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(PostLoopMultiversioning)) {
2462       warning("PostLoopMultiversioning disabled because RangeCheckElimination is disabled.");
2463     }
2464     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PostLoopMultiversioning, false);
2465   }
2466 #endif
2467   return status;
2468 }
2469 
2470 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
2471   const char* option_type) {
2472   if (ignore) return false;
2473 
2474   const char* spacer = " ";
2475   if (option_type == NULL) {
2476     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
2477   }
2478 
2479   if (os::obsolete_option(option)) {
2480     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2481                 "Obsolete %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2482       option->optionString);
2483     return false;
2484   } else {
2485     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2486                 "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2487       option->optionString);
2488     return true;
2489   }
2490 }
2491 
2492 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
2493   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", 0
2494 };
2495 
2496 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
2497   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", 0
2498 };
2499 
2500 bool Arguments::parse_uintx(const char* value,
2501                             uintx* uintx_arg,
2502                             uintx min_size) {
2503 
2504   // Check the sign first since atojulong() parses only unsigned values.
2505   bool value_is_positive = !(*value == '-');
2506 
2507   if (value_is_positive) {
2508     julong n;
2509     bool good_return = atojulong(value, &n);
2510     if (good_return) {
2511       bool above_minimum = n >= min_size;
2512       bool value_is_too_large = n > max_uintx;
2513 
2514       if (above_minimum && !value_is_too_large) {
2515         *uintx_arg = n;
2516         return true;
2517       }
2518     }
2519   }
2520   return false;
2521 }
2522 
2523 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
2524                                                   julong* long_arg,
2525                                                   julong min_size) {
2526   if (!atojulong(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
2527   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size);
2528 }
2529 
2530 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
2531 
2532 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs *java_tool_options_args,
2533                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *java_options_args,
2534                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *cmd_line_args) {
2535   bool xpatch_javabase = false;
2536 
2537   // Save default settings for some mode flags
2538   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
2539   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
2540   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
2541   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
2542   if (TieredCompilation) {
2543     Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
2544     Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
2545   }
2546 
2547   // Setup flags for mixed which is the default
2548   set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2549 
2550   // Parse args structure generated from JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment
2551   // variable (if present).
2552   jint result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_tool_options_args, &xpatch_javabase, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2553   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2554     return result;
2555   }
2556 
2557   // Parse args structure generated from the command line flags.
2558   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(cmd_line_args, &xpatch_javabase, Flag::COMMAND_LINE);
2559   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2560     return result;
2561   }
2562 
2563   // Parse args structure generated from the _JAVA_OPTIONS environment
2564   // variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
2565   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_options_args, &xpatch_javabase, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2566   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2567     return result;
2568   }
2569 
2570   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
2571   result = finalize_vm_init_args();
2572   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2573     return result;
2574   }
2575 
2576   return JNI_OK;
2577 }
2578 
2579 // Checks if name in command-line argument -agent{lib,path}:name[=options]
2580 // represents a valid JDWP agent.  is_path==true denotes that we
2581 // are dealing with -agentpath (case where name is a path), otherwise with
2582 // -agentlib
2583 bool valid_jdwp_agent(char *name, bool is_path) {
2584   char *_name;
2585   const char *_jdwp = "jdwp";
2586   size_t _len_jdwp, _len_prefix;
2587 
2588   if (is_path) {
2589     if ((_name = strrchr(name, (int) *os::file_separator())) == NULL) {
2590       return false;
2591     }
2592 
2593     _name++;  // skip past last path separator
2594     _len_prefix = strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX);
2595 
2596     if (strncmp(_name, JNI_LIB_PREFIX, _len_prefix) != 0) {
2597       return false;
2598     }
2599 
2600     _name += _len_prefix;
2601     _len_jdwp = strlen(_jdwp);
2602 
2603     if (strncmp(_name, _jdwp, _len_jdwp) == 0) {
2604       _name += _len_jdwp;
2605     }
2606     else {
2607       return false;
2608     }
2609 
2610     if (strcmp(_name, JNI_LIB_SUFFIX) != 0) {
2611       return false;
2612     }
2613 
2614     return true;
2615   }
2616 
2617   if (strcmp(name, _jdwp) == 0) {
2618     return true;
2619   }
2620 
2621   return false;
2622 }
2623 
2624 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args, bool* xpatch_javabase, Flag::Flags origin) {
2625   // For match_option to return remaining or value part of option string
2626   const char* tail;
2627 
2628   // iterate over arguments
2629   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2630     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
2631 
2632     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
2633 
2634     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
2635         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
2636         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
2637 
2638         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
2639         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
2640         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
2641         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
2642         // string constant object.
2643         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
2644     }
2645 
2646     // -verbose:[class/gc/jni]
2647     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
2648       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
2649         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, load));
2650         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, unload));
2651       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
2652         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(gc));
2653       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2654         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintJNIResolving, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2655           return JNI_EINVAL;
2656         }
2657       }
2658     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
2659     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
2660     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
2661     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
2662       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2663       if (*tail == '\0') {
2664         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
2665       } else {
2666         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
2667         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
2668       }
2669     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
2670     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
2671       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2672       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
2673     // -bootclasspath:
2674     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
2675         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2676           "-Xbootclasspath is no longer a supported option.\n");
2677         return JNI_EINVAL;
2678     // -bootclasspath/a:
2679     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
2680       Arguments::set_bootclassloader_append_index((int)strlen(Arguments::get_sysclasspath())+1);
2681       Arguments::append_sysclasspath(tail);
2682     // -bootclasspath/p:
2683     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
2684         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2685           "-Xbootclasspath/p is no longer a supported option.\n");
2686         return JNI_EINVAL;
2687     // -Xrun
2688     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
2689       if (tail != NULL) {
2690         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
2691         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2692         char* name = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments), tail, len);
2693         name[len] = '\0';
2694 
2695         char *options = NULL;
2696         if(pos != NULL) {
2697           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
2698           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2, mtArguments), pos+1, len2);
2699         }
2700 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2701         if (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0) {
2702           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2703             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2704           return JNI_ERR;
2705         }
2706 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2707         add_init_library(name, options);
2708       }
2709     // -agentlib and -agentpath
2710     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
2711           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
2712       if(tail != NULL) {
2713         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
2714         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2715         char* name = strncpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments), tail, len);
2716         name[len] = '\0';
2717 
2718         char *options = NULL;
2719         if(pos != NULL) {
2720           options = os::strdup_check_oom(pos + 1, mtArguments);
2721         }
2722 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2723         if (valid_jdwp_agent(name, is_absolute_path)) {
2724           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2725             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2726           return JNI_ERR;
2727         }
2728 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2729         add_init_agent(name, options, is_absolute_path);
2730       }
2731     // -javaagent
2732     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
2733 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2734       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2735         "Instrumentation agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2736       return JNI_ERR;
2737 #else
2738       if (tail != NULL) {
2739         char *options = strcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(tail) + 1, mtArguments), tail);
2740         add_init_agent("instrument", options, false);
2741         // java agents need module java.instrument
2742         if (!Arguments::append_to_addmods_property("java.instrument")) {
2743           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2744         }
2745       }
2746 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2747     // -Xnoclassgc
2748     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc")) {
2749       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloading, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2750         return JNI_EINVAL;
2751       }
2752     // -Xconcgc
2753     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcgc")) {
2754       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2755         return JNI_EINVAL;
2756       }
2757     // -Xnoconcgc
2758     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoconcgc")) {
2759       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2760         return JNI_EINVAL;
2761       }
2762     // -Xbatch
2763     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch")) {
2764       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2765         return JNI_EINVAL;
2766       }
2767     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
2768     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
2769       julong long_initial_young_size = 0;
2770       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_young_size, 1);
2771       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2772         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2773                     "Invalid initial young generation size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2774         describe_range_error(errcode);
2775         return JNI_EINVAL;
2776       }
2777       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2778         return JNI_EINVAL;
2779       }
2780       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2781         return JNI_EINVAL;
2782       }
2783     // -Xms
2784     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
2785       julong long_initial_heap_size = 0;
2786       // an initial heap size of 0 means automatically determine
2787       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_heap_size, 0);
2788       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2789         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2790                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2791         describe_range_error(errcode);
2792         return JNI_EINVAL;
2793       }
2794       set_min_heap_size((size_t)long_initial_heap_size);
2795       // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2796       // Can be overridden with -XX:InitialHeapSize.
2797       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)long_initial_heap_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2798         return JNI_EINVAL;
2799       }
2800     // -Xmx
2801     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail) || match_option(option, "-XX:MaxHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2802       julong long_max_heap_size = 0;
2803       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
2804       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2805         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2806                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2807         describe_range_error(errcode);
2808         return JNI_EINVAL;
2809       }
2810       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)long_max_heap_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2811         return JNI_EINVAL;
2812       }
2813     // Xmaxf
2814     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
2815       char* err;
2816       int maxf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2817       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2818         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2819                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2820                     option->optionString);
2821         return JNI_EINVAL;
2822       } else {
2823         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2824             return JNI_EINVAL;
2825         }
2826       }
2827     // Xminf
2828     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
2829       char* err;
2830       int minf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2831       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2832         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2833                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2834                     option->optionString);
2835         return JNI_EINVAL;
2836       } else {
2837         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, minf) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2838           return JNI_EINVAL;
2839         }
2840       }
2841     // -Xss
2842     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
2843       julong long_ThreadStackSize = 0;
2844       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ThreadStackSize, 1000);
2845       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2846         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2847                     "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2848         describe_range_error(errcode);
2849         return JNI_EINVAL;
2850       }
2851       // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
2852       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, ThreadStackSize,
2853                        round_to((int)long_ThreadStackSize, K) / K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2854         return JNI_EINVAL;
2855       }
2856     // -Xoss, -Xsqnopause, -Xoptimize, -Xboundthreads, -Xusealtsigs
2857     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoss", &tail) ||
2858                match_option(option, "-Xsqnopause") ||
2859                match_option(option, "-Xoptimize") ||
2860                match_option(option, "-Xboundthreads") ||
2861                match_option(option, "-Xusealtsigs")) {
2862       // All these options are deprecated in JDK 9 and will be removed in a future release
2863       char version[256];
2864       JDK_Version::jdk(9).to_string(version, sizeof(version));
2865       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", option->optionString, version);
2866     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CodeCacheExpansionSize=", &tail)) {
2867       julong long_CodeCacheExpansionSize = 0;
2868       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_CodeCacheExpansionSize, os::vm_page_size());
2869       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2870         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2871                    "Invalid argument: %s. Must be at least %luK.\n", option->optionString,
2872                    os::vm_page_size()/K);
2873         return JNI_EINVAL;
2874       }
2875       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CodeCacheExpansionSize, (uintx)long_CodeCacheExpansionSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2876         return JNI_EINVAL;
2877       }
2878     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail) ||
2879                match_option(option, "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=", &tail)) {
2880       julong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
2881 
2882       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize, 1);
2883       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2884         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2885                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2886         return JNI_EINVAL;
2887       }
2888       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2889         return JNI_EINVAL;
2890       }
2891       // -XX:NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=
2892     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2893       julong long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize = 0;
2894 
2895       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize, 1);
2896       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2897         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2898                     "Invalid maximum non-nmethod code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2899         return JNI_EINVAL;
2900       }
2901       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NonNMethodCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2902         return JNI_EINVAL;
2903       }
2904       // -XX:ProfiledCodeHeapSize=
2905     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ProfiledCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2906       julong long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize = 0;
2907 
2908       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize, 1);
2909       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2910         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2911                     "Invalid maximum profiled code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2912         return JNI_EINVAL;
2913       }
2914       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ProfiledCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2915         return JNI_EINVAL;
2916       }
2917       // -XX:NonProfiledCodeHeapSizee=
2918     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:NonProfiledCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2919       julong long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize = 0;
2920 
2921       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, 1);
2922       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2923         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2924                     "Invalid maximum non-profiled code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2925         return JNI_EINVAL;
2926       }
2927       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2928         return JNI_EINVAL;
2929       }
2930     // -green
2931     } else if (match_option(option, "-green")) {
2932       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2933                   "Green threads support not available\n");
2934           return JNI_EINVAL;
2935     // -native
2936     } else if (match_option(option, "-native")) {
2937           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
2938     // -Xrs
2939     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs")) {
2940           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
2941       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2942         return JNI_EINVAL;
2943       }
2944     // -Xprof
2945     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof")) {
2946 #if INCLUDE_FPROF
2947       _has_profile = true;
2948 #else // INCLUDE_FPROF
2949       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2950         "Flat profiling is not supported in this VM.\n");
2951       return JNI_ERR;
2952 #endif // INCLUDE_FPROF
2953     // -Xconcurrentio
2954     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcurrentio")) {
2955       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseLWPSynchronization, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2956         return JNI_EINVAL;
2957       }
2958       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2959         return JNI_EINVAL;
2960       }
2961       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, DeferThrSuspendLoopCount, 1) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2962         return JNI_EINVAL;
2963       }
2964       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2965         return JNI_EINVAL;
2966       }
2967       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSizeThreadIncrease, 16 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {  // 20Kb per thread added to new generation
2968         return JNI_EINVAL;
2969       }
2970 
2971       // -Xinternalversion
2972     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion")) {
2973       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
2974                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
2975       vm_exit(0);
2976 #ifndef PRODUCT
2977     // -Xprintflags
2978     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags")) {
2979       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
2980       vm_exit(0);
2981 #endif
2982     // -D
2983     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
2984       const char* value;
2985       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=", &value) &&
2986             *value!= '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2987         // abort if -Djava.endorsed.dirs is set
2988         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2989           "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=%s is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
2990           "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n", value);
2991         return JNI_EINVAL;
2992       }
2993       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.ext.dirs=", &value) &&
2994             *value != '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2995         // abort if -Djava.ext.dirs is set
2996         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2997           "-Djava.ext.dirs=%s is not supported.  Use -classpath instead.\n", value);
2998         return JNI_EINVAL;
2999       }
3000 
3001       if (!add_property(tail)) {
3002         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3003       }
3004       // Out of the box management support
3005       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
3006 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3007         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ManagementServer, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3008           return JNI_EINVAL;
3009         }
3010         // management agent in module java.management
3011         if (!Arguments::append_to_addmods_property("java.management")) {
3012           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3013         }
3014 #else
3015         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3016           "-Dcom.sun.management is not supported in this VM.\n");
3017         return JNI_ERR;
3018 #endif
3019       }
3020       if (match_option(option, "-Djdk.launcher.patch.", &tail)) {
3021         // -Djdk.launcher.patch.#=<module>=<file>(<pathsep><file>)*
3022         // The number, #, specified will be increasing with each -Xpatch
3023         // specified on the command line.
3024         // Pick up module name, following the -D property's equal sign.
3025         const char* property_equal = strchr(tail, '=');
3026         if (property_equal == NULL) {
3027           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "Missing '=' in -Xpatch specification\n");
3028           return JNI_ERR;
3029         } else {
3030           // Find the equal sign between the module name and the path specification
3031           const char* module_equal = strchr(property_equal + 1, '=');
3032           if (module_equal == NULL) {
3033             jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "Bad value for -Xpatch, no module name specified\n");
3034             return JNI_ERR;
3035           } else {
3036             // Pick out the module name, in between the two equal signs
3037             size_t module_len = module_equal - property_equal - 1;
3038             char* module_name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, module_len+1, mtArguments);
3039             memcpy(module_name, property_equal + 1, module_len);
3040             *(module_name + module_len) = '\0';
3041             // The path piece begins one past the module_equal sign
3042             Arguments::add_xpatchprefix(module_name, module_equal + 1, xpatch_javabase);
3043             FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, module_name);
3044           }
3045         }
3046       }
3047     // -Xint
3048     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint")) {
3049           set_mode_flags(_int);
3050     // -Xmixed
3051     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed")) {
3052           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
3053     // -Xcomp
3054     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp")) {
3055       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
3056           set_mode_flags(_comp);
3057     // -Xshare:dump
3058     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump")) {
3059       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3060         return JNI_EINVAL;
3061       }
3062       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
3063     // -Xshare:on
3064     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on")) {
3065       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3066         return JNI_EINVAL;
3067       }
3068       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3069         return JNI_EINVAL;
3070       }
3071     // -Xshare:auto
3072     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto")) {
3073       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3074         return JNI_EINVAL;
3075       }
3076       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3077         return JNI_EINVAL;
3078       }
3079     // -Xshare:off
3080     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off")) {
3081       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3082         return JNI_EINVAL;
3083       }
3084       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3085         return JNI_EINVAL;
3086       }
3087     // -Xverify
3088     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
3089       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
3090         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3091           return JNI_EINVAL;
3092         }
3093         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3094           return JNI_EINVAL;
3095         }
3096       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
3097         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3098           return JNI_EINVAL;
3099         }
3100         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3101           return JNI_EINVAL;
3102         }
3103       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
3104         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3105           return JNI_EINVAL;
3106         }
3107         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3108           return JNI_EINVAL;
3109         }
3110       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
3111         return JNI_EINVAL;
3112       }
3113     // -Xdebug
3114     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug")) {
3115       // note this flag has been used, then ignore
3116       set_xdebug_mode(true);
3117     // -Xnoagent
3118     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoagent")) {
3119       // For compatibility with classic. HotSpot refuses to load the old style agent.dll.
3120     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
3121       // Deprecated flag to redirect GC output to a file. -Xloggc:<filename>
3122       log_warning(gc)("-Xloggc is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc:%s instead.", tail);
3123       _gc_log_filename = os::strdup_check_oom(tail);
3124     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xlog", &tail)) {
3125       bool ret = false;
3126       if (strcmp(tail, ":help") == 0) {
3127         LogConfiguration::print_command_line_help(defaultStream::output_stream());
3128         vm_exit(0);
3129       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":disable") == 0) {
3130         LogConfiguration::disable_logging();
3131         ret = true;
3132       } else if (*tail == '\0') {
3133         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments();
3134         assert(ret, "-Xlog without arguments should never fail to parse");
3135       } else if (*tail == ':') {
3136         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments(tail + 1);
3137       }
3138       if (ret == false) {
3139         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3140                     "Invalid -Xlog option '-Xlog%s'\n",
3141                     tail);
3142         return JNI_EINVAL;
3143       }
3144     // JNI hooks
3145     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
3146       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
3147 #if !INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3148         warning("JNI CHECKING is not supported in this VM");
3149 #else
3150         CheckJNICalls = true;
3151 #endif // INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3152       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
3153                                      "check")) {
3154         return JNI_EINVAL;
3155       }
3156     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf")) {
3157       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3158     } else if (match_option(option, "exit")) {
3159       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3160     } else if (match_option(option, "abort")) {
3161       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3162     // -XX:+AggressiveHeap
3163     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AggressiveHeap")) {
3164       jint result = set_aggressive_heap_flags();
3165       if (result != JNI_OK) {
3166           return result;
3167       }
3168     // Need to keep consistency of MaxTenuringThreshold and AlwaysTenure/NeverTenure;
3169     // and the last option wins.
3170     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure")) {
3171       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3172         return JNI_EINVAL;
3173       }
3174       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3175         return JNI_EINVAL;
3176       }
3177       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, markOopDesc::max_age + 1) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3178         return JNI_EINVAL;
3179       }
3180     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure")) {
3181       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3182         return JNI_EINVAL;
3183       }
3184       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3185         return JNI_EINVAL;
3186       }
3187       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, 0) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3188         return JNI_EINVAL;
3189       }
3190     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=", &tail)) {
3191       uintx max_tenuring_thresh = 0;
3192       if (!parse_uintx(tail, &max_tenuring_thresh, 0)) {
3193         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3194                     "Improperly specified VM option \'MaxTenuringThreshold=%s\'\n", tail);
3195         return JNI_EINVAL;
3196       }
3197 
3198       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, max_tenuring_thresh) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3199         return JNI_EINVAL;
3200       }
3201 
3202       if (MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
3203         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3204           return JNI_EINVAL;
3205         }
3206         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3207           return JNI_EINVAL;
3208         }
3209       } else {
3210         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3211           return JNI_EINVAL;
3212         }
3213         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3214           return JNI_EINVAL;
3215         }
3216       }
3217     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr")) {
3218       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3219         return JNI_EINVAL;
3220       }
3221       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3222         return JNI_EINVAL;
3223       }
3224     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout")) {
3225       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3226         return JNI_EINVAL;
3227       }
3228       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3229         return JNI_EINVAL;
3230       }
3231     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExtendedDTraceProbes")) {
3232 #if defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3233       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3234         return JNI_EINVAL;
3235       }
3236       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3237         return JNI_EINVAL;
3238       }
3239       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3240         return JNI_EINVAL;
3241       }
3242       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3243         return JNI_EINVAL;
3244       }
3245 #else // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3246       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3247                   "ExtendedDTraceProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
3248       return JNI_EINVAL;
3249 #endif // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3250 #ifdef ASSERT
3251     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot")) {
3252       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, FullGCALot, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3253         return JNI_EINVAL;
3254       }
3255       // disable scavenge before parallel mark-compact
3256       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3257         return JNI_EINVAL;
3258       }
3259 #endif
3260 #if !INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3261     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ManagementServer")) {
3262         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3263           "ManagementServer is not supported in this VM.\n");
3264         return JNI_ERR;
3265 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3266     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
3267       // Skip -XX:Flags= and -XX:VMOptionsFile= since those cases have
3268       // already been handled
3269       if ((strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) &&
3270           (strncmp(tail, "VMOptionsFile=", strlen("VMOptionsFile=")) != 0)) {
3271         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
3272           return JNI_EINVAL;
3273         }
3274       }
3275     // Unknown option
3276     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3277       return JNI_ERR;
3278     }
3279   }
3280 
3281   // PrintSharedArchiveAndExit will turn on
3282   //   -Xshare:on
3283   //   -Xlog:class+path=info
3284   if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
3285     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3286       return JNI_EINVAL;
3287     }
3288     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3289       return JNI_EINVAL;
3290     }
3291     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, path));
3292   }
3293 
3294   // Change the default value for flags  which have different default values
3295   // when working with older JDKs.
3296 #ifdef LINUX
3297  if (JDK_Version::current().compare_major(6) <= 0 &&
3298       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks)) {
3299     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks, false);
3300   }
3301 #endif // LINUX
3302   fix_appclasspath();
3303   return JNI_OK;
3304 }
3305 
3306 void Arguments::add_xpatchprefix(const char* module_name, const char* path, bool* xpatch_javabase) {
3307   // For java.base check for duplicate -Xpatch options being specified on the command line.
3308   // This check is only required for java.base, all other duplicate module specifications
3309   // will be checked during module system initialization.  The module system initialization
3310   // will throw an ExceptionInInitializerError if this situation occurs.
3311   if (strcmp(module_name, "java.base") == 0) {
3312     if (*xpatch_javabase) {
3313       vm_exit_during_initialization("Cannot specify java.base more than once to -Xpatch");
3314     } else {
3315       *xpatch_javabase = true;
3316     }
3317   }
3318 
3319   // Create GrowableArray lazily, only if -Xpatch has been specified
3320   if (_xpatchprefix == NULL) {
3321     _xpatchprefix = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments) GrowableArray<ModuleXPatchPath*>(10, true);
3322   }
3323 
3324   _xpatchprefix->push(new ModuleXPatchPath(module_name, path));
3325 }
3326 
3327 // Set property jdk.boot.class.path.append to the contents of the bootclasspath
3328 // that follows either the jimage file or exploded module directories.  The
3329 // property will contain -Xbootclasspath/a and/or jvmti appended additions.
3330 void Arguments::set_jdkbootclasspath_append() {
3331   char *sysclasspath = get_sysclasspath();
3332   assert(sysclasspath != NULL, "NULL sysclasspath");
3333   int bcp_a_idx = bootclassloader_append_index();
3334   if (bcp_a_idx != -1 && bcp_a_idx < (int)strlen(sysclasspath)) {
3335     _jdk_boot_class_path_append->set_value(sysclasspath + bcp_a_idx);
3336   }
3337 }
3338 
3339 // Remove all empty paths from the app classpath (if IgnoreEmptyClassPaths is enabled)
3340 //
3341 // This is necessary because some apps like to specify classpath like -cp foo.jar:${XYZ}:bar.jar
3342 // in their start-up scripts. If XYZ is empty, the classpath will look like "-cp foo.jar::bar.jar".
3343 // Java treats such empty paths as if the user specified "-cp foo.jar:.:bar.jar". I.e., an empty
3344 // path is treated as the current directory.
3345 //
3346 // This causes problems with CDS, which requires that all directories specified in the classpath
3347 // must be empty. In most cases, applications do NOT want to load classes from the current
3348 // directory anyway. Adding -XX:+IgnoreEmptyClassPaths will make these applications' start-up
3349 // scripts compatible with CDS.
3350 void Arguments::fix_appclasspath() {
3351   if (IgnoreEmptyClassPaths) {
3352     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3353     const char* src = _java_class_path->value();
3354 
3355     // skip over all the leading empty paths
3356     while (*src == separator) {
3357       src ++;
3358     }
3359 
3360     char* copy = os::strdup_check_oom(src, mtArguments);
3361 
3362     // trim all trailing empty paths
3363     for (char* tail = copy + strlen(copy) - 1; tail >= copy && *tail == separator; tail--) {
3364       *tail = '\0';
3365     }
3366 
3367     char from[3] = {separator, separator, '\0'};
3368     char to  [2] = {separator, '\0'};
3369     while (StringUtils::replace_no_expand(copy, from, to) > 0) {
3370       // Keep replacing "::" -> ":" until we have no more "::" (non-windows)
3371       // Keep replacing ";;" -> ";" until we have no more ";;" (windows)
3372     }
3373 
3374     _java_class_path->set_writeable_value(copy);
3375     FreeHeap(copy); // a copy was made by set_value, so don't need this anymore
3376   }
3377 }
3378 
3379 static bool has_jar_files(const char* directory) {
3380   DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
3381   if (dir == NULL) return false;
3382 
3383   struct dirent *entry;
3384   char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory), mtArguments);
3385   bool hasJarFile = false;
3386   while (!hasJarFile && (entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
3387     const char* name = entry->d_name;
3388     const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
3389     hasJarFile = ext > name && (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0);
3390   }
3391   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf);
3392   os::closedir(dir);
3393   return hasJarFile ;
3394 }
3395 
3396 static int check_non_empty_dirs(const char* path) {
3397   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3398   const char* const end = path + strlen(path);
3399   int nonEmptyDirs = 0;
3400   while (path < end) {
3401     const char* tmp_end = strchr(path, separator);
3402     if (tmp_end == NULL) {
3403       if (has_jar_files(path)) {
3404         nonEmptyDirs++;
3405         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3406           "Non-empty directory: %s\n", path);
3407       }
3408       path = end;
3409     } else {
3410       char* dirpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, tmp_end - path + 1, mtArguments);
3411       memcpy(dirpath, path, tmp_end - path);
3412       dirpath[tmp_end - path] = '\0';
3413       if (has_jar_files(dirpath)) {
3414         nonEmptyDirs++;
3415         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3416           "Non-empty directory: %s\n", dirpath);
3417       }
3418       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dirpath);
3419       path = tmp_end + 1;
3420     }
3421   }
3422   return nonEmptyDirs;
3423 }
3424 
3425 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args() {
3426   // check if the default lib/endorsed directory exists; if so, error
3427   char path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3428   const char* fileSep = os::file_separator();
3429   sprintf(path, "%s%slib%sendorsed", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3430 
3431   if (CheckEndorsedAndExtDirs) {
3432     int nonEmptyDirs = 0;
3433     // check endorsed directory
3434     nonEmptyDirs += check_non_empty_dirs(path);
3435     // check the extension directories
3436     nonEmptyDirs += check_non_empty_dirs(Arguments::get_ext_dirs());
3437     if (nonEmptyDirs > 0) {
3438       return JNI_ERR;
3439     }
3440   }
3441 
3442   DIR* dir = os::opendir(path);
3443   if (dir != NULL) {
3444     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3445       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/endorsed is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
3446       "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n");
3447     os::closedir(dir);
3448     return JNI_ERR;
3449   }
3450 
3451   sprintf(path, "%s%slib%sext", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3452   dir = os::opendir(path);
3453   if (dir != NULL) {
3454     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3455       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/ext exists, extensions mechanism no longer supported; "
3456       "Use -classpath instead.\n.");
3457     os::closedir(dir);
3458     return JNI_ERR;
3459   }
3460 
3461   Arguments::set_bootclassloader_append_index(((int)strlen(Arguments::get_sysclasspath()))+1);
3462 
3463   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed.
3464   // java_compiler() true means set to "NONE" or empty.
3465   if (java_compiler() && !xdebug_mode()) {
3466     // For backwards compatibility, we switch to interpreted mode if
3467     // -Djava.compiler="NONE" or "" is specified AND "-Xdebug" was
3468     // not specified.
3469     set_mode_flags(_int);
3470   }
3471 
3472   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is same as -Xint: Disable compilation (enable interpreter-only mode),
3473   // but like -Xint, leave compilation thresholds unaffected.
3474   // With tiered compilation disabled, setting CompileThreshold to 0 disables compilation as well.
3475   if ((CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0) || (!TieredCompilation && CompileThreshold == 0)) {
3476     set_mode_flags(_int);
3477   }
3478 
3479   // eventually fix up InitialTenuringThreshold if only MaxTenuringThreshold is set
3480   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialTenuringThreshold) && (InitialTenuringThreshold > MaxTenuringThreshold)) {
3481     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialTenuringThreshold, MaxTenuringThreshold);
3482   }
3483 
3484 #if !defined(COMPILER2) && !INCLUDE_JVMCI
3485   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
3486   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
3487       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
3488     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
3489     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
3490     // Java heap and the code cache.
3491     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
3492   }
3493 
3494 #elif defined(COMPILER2)
3495   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OptoLoopAlignment) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad)) {
3496     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad, OptoLoopAlignment-1);
3497   }
3498 #endif
3499 
3500 #if !defined(COMPILER2) && !INCLUDE_JVMCI
3501   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(ProfileInterpreter);
3502   NOT_PRODUCT(UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TraceProfileInterpreter));
3503 #endif
3504 
3505 #ifndef TIERED
3506   // Tiered compilation is undefined.
3507   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TieredCompilation);
3508 #endif
3509 
3510 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
3511   if (EnableJVMCI && !append_to_addmods_property("jdk.vm.ci")) {
3512     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3513   }
3514 #endif
3515 
3516   // If we are running in a headless jre, force java.awt.headless property
3517   // to be true unless the property has already been set.
3518   // Also allow the OS environment variable JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS to set headless state.
3519   if (os::is_headless_jre()) {
3520     const char* headless = Arguments::get_property("java.awt.headless");
3521     if (headless == NULL) {
3522       const char *headless_env = ::getenv("JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS");
3523       if (headless_env == NULL) {
3524         if (!add_property("java.awt.headless=true")) {
3525           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3526         }
3527       } else {
3528         char buffer[256];
3529         jio_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "java.awt.headless=%s", headless_env);
3530         if (!add_property(buffer)) {
3531           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3532         }
3533       }
3534     }
3535   }
3536 
3537   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC) && !UseParNewGC) {
3538     // CMS can only be used with ParNew
3539     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParNewGC, true);
3540   }
3541 
3542   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
3543     return JNI_ERR;
3544   }
3545 
3546   return JNI_OK;
3547 }
3548 
3549 // Helper class for controlling the lifetime of JavaVMInitArgs
3550 // objects.  The contents of the JavaVMInitArgs are guaranteed to be
3551 // deleted on the destruction of the ScopedVMInitArgs object.
3552 class ScopedVMInitArgs : public StackObj {
3553  private:
3554   JavaVMInitArgs _args;
3555   char*          _container_name;
3556   bool           _is_set;
3557   char*          _vm_options_file_arg;
3558 
3559  public:
3560   ScopedVMInitArgs(const char *container_name) {
3561     _args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
3562     _args.nOptions = 0;
3563     _args.options = NULL;
3564     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = false;
3565     _container_name = (char *)container_name;
3566     _is_set = false;
3567     _vm_options_file_arg = NULL;
3568   }
3569 
3570   // Populates the JavaVMInitArgs object represented by this
3571   // ScopedVMInitArgs object with the arguments in options.  The
3572   // allocated memory is deleted by the destructor.  If this method
3573   // returns anything other than JNI_OK, then this object is in a
3574   // partially constructed state, and should be abandoned.
3575   jint set_args(GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>* options) {
3576     _is_set = true;
3577     JavaVMOption* options_arr = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(
3578         JavaVMOption, options->length(), mtArguments);
3579     if (options_arr == NULL) {
3580       return JNI_ENOMEM;
3581     }
3582     _args.options = options_arr;
3583 
3584     for (int i = 0; i < options->length(); i++) {
3585       options_arr[i] = options->at(i);
3586       options_arr[i].optionString = os::strdup(options_arr[i].optionString);
3587       if (options_arr[i].optionString == NULL) {
3588         // Rely on the destructor to do cleanup.
3589         _args.nOptions = i;
3590         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3591       }
3592     }
3593 
3594     _args.nOptions = options->length();
3595     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions;
3596     return JNI_OK;
3597   }
3598 
3599   JavaVMInitArgs* get()             { return &_args; }
3600   char* container_name()            { return _container_name; }
3601   bool  is_set()                    { return _is_set; }
3602   bool  found_vm_options_file_arg() { return _vm_options_file_arg != NULL; }
3603   char* vm_options_file_arg()       { return _vm_options_file_arg; }
3604 
3605   void set_vm_options_file_arg(const char *vm_options_file_arg) {
3606     if (_vm_options_file_arg != NULL) {
3607       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3608     }
3609     _vm_options_file_arg = os::strdup_check_oom(vm_options_file_arg);
3610   }
3611 
3612   ~ScopedVMInitArgs() {
3613     if (_vm_options_file_arg != NULL) {
3614       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3615     }
3616     if (_args.options == NULL) return;
3617     for (int i = 0; i < _args.nOptions; i++) {
3618       os::free(_args.options[i].optionString);
3619     }
3620     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(JavaVMOption, _args.options);
3621   }
3622 
3623   // Insert options into this option list, to replace option at
3624   // vm_options_file_pos (-XX:VMOptionsFile)
3625   jint insert(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3626               const JavaVMInitArgs* args_to_insert,
3627               const int vm_options_file_pos) {
3628     assert(_args.options == NULL, "shouldn't be set yet");
3629     assert(args_to_insert->nOptions != 0, "there should be args to insert");
3630     assert(vm_options_file_pos != -1, "vm_options_file_pos should be set");
3631 
3632     int length = args->nOptions + args_to_insert->nOptions - 1;
3633     GrowableArray<JavaVMOption> *options = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments)
3634               GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>(length, true);    // Construct new option array
3635     for (int i = 0; i < args->nOptions; i++) {
3636       if (i == vm_options_file_pos) {
3637         // insert the new options starting at the same place as the
3638         // -XX:VMOptionsFile option
3639         for (int j = 0; j < args_to_insert->nOptions; j++) {
3640           options->push(args_to_insert->options[j]);
3641         }
3642       } else {
3643         options->push(args->options[i]);
3644       }
3645     }
3646     // make into options array
3647     jint result = set_args(options);
3648     delete options;
3649     return result;
3650   }
3651 };
3652 
3653 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3654   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", args);
3655 }
3656 
3657 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3658   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", args);
3659 }
3660 
3661 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name,
3662                                                    ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3663   char *buffer = ::getenv(name);
3664 
3665   // Don't check this environment variable if user has special privileges
3666   // (e.g. unix su command).
3667   if (buffer == NULL || os::have_special_privileges()) {
3668     return JNI_OK;
3669   }
3670 
3671   if ((buffer = os::strdup(buffer)) == NULL) {
3672     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3673   }
3674 
3675   int retcode = parse_options_buffer(name, buffer, strlen(buffer), vm_args);
3676 
3677   os::free(buffer);
3678   return retcode;
3679 }
3680 
3681 jint Arguments::parse_vm_options_file(const char* file_name, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3682   // read file into buffer
3683   int fd = ::open(file_name, O_RDONLY);
3684   if (fd < 0) {
3685     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3686                 "Could not open options file '%s'\n",
3687                 file_name);
3688     return JNI_ERR;
3689   }
3690 
3691   struct stat stbuf;
3692   int retcode = os::stat(file_name, &stbuf);
3693   if (retcode != 0) {
3694     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3695                 "Could not stat options file '%s'\n",
3696                 file_name);
3697     os::close(fd);
3698     return JNI_ERR;
3699   }
3700 
3701   if (stbuf.st_size == 0) {
3702     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3703     os::close(fd);
3704     return JNI_OK;
3705   }
3706 
3707   // '+ 1' for NULL termination even with max bytes
3708   size_t bytes_alloc = stbuf.st_size + 1;
3709 
3710   char *buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, bytes_alloc, mtArguments);
3711   if (NULL == buf) {
3712     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3713                 "Could not allocate read buffer for options file parse\n");
3714     os::close(fd);
3715     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3716   }
3717 
3718   memset(buf, 0, bytes_alloc);
3719 
3720   // Fill buffer
3721   // Use ::read() instead of os::read because os::read()
3722   // might do a thread state transition
3723   // and it is too early for that here
3724 
3725   ssize_t bytes_read = ::read(fd, (void *)buf, (unsigned)bytes_alloc);
3726   os::close(fd);
3727   if (bytes_read < 0) {
3728     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3729     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3730                 "Could not read options file '%s'\n", file_name);
3731     return JNI_ERR;
3732   }
3733 
3734   if (bytes_read == 0) {
3735     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3736     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3737     return JNI_OK;
3738   }
3739 
3740   retcode = parse_options_buffer(file_name, buf, bytes_read, vm_args);
3741 
3742   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3743   return retcode;
3744 }
3745 
3746 jint Arguments::parse_options_buffer(const char* name, char* buffer, const size_t buf_len, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3747   GrowableArray<JavaVMOption> *options = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments) GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>(2, true);    // Construct option array
3748 
3749   // some pointers to help with parsing
3750   char *buffer_end = buffer + buf_len;
3751   char *opt_hd = buffer;
3752   char *wrt = buffer;
3753   char *rd = buffer;
3754 
3755   // parse all options
3756   while (rd < buffer_end) {
3757     // skip leading white space from the input string
3758     while (rd < buffer_end && isspace(*rd)) {
3759       rd++;
3760     }
3761 
3762     if (rd >= buffer_end) {
3763       break;
3764     }
3765 
3766     // Remember this is where we found the head of the token.
3767     opt_hd = wrt;
3768 
3769     // Tokens are strings of non white space characters separated
3770     // by one or more white spaces.
3771     while (rd < buffer_end && !isspace(*rd)) {
3772       if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
3773         int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
3774         rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
3775         while (rd < buffer_end && *rd != quote) {
3776                                             // include everything (even spaces)
3777                                             // up until the close quote
3778           *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
3779         }
3780 
3781         if (rd < buffer_end) {
3782           rd++;                             // don't copy close quote
3783         } else {
3784                                             // did not see closing quote
3785           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3786                       "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
3787           delete options;
3788           return JNI_ERR;
3789         }
3790       } else {
3791         *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
3792       }
3793     }
3794 
3795     // steal a white space character and set it to NULL
3796     *wrt++ = '\0';
3797     // We now have a complete token
3798 
3799     JavaVMOption option;
3800     option.optionString = opt_hd;
3801     option.extraInfo = NULL;
3802 
3803     options->append(option);                // Fill in option
3804 
3805     rd++;  // Advance to next character
3806   }
3807 
3808   // Fill out JavaVMInitArgs structure.
3809   jint status = vm_args->set_args(options);
3810 
3811   delete options;
3812   return status;
3813 }
3814 
3815 void Arguments::set_shared_spaces_flags() {
3816   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3817     if (Arguments::get_xpatchprefix() != NULL) {
3818       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3819         "Cannot use the following option when dumping the shared archive", "-Xpatch");
3820     }
3821 
3822     if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
3823       warning("Cannot dump shared archive while using shared archive");
3824     }
3825     UseSharedSpaces = false;
3826 #ifdef _LP64
3827     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3828       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3829         "Cannot dump shared archive when UseCompressedOops or UseCompressedClassPointers is off.", NULL);
3830     }
3831   } else {
3832     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3833       no_shared_spaces("UseCompressedOops and UseCompressedClassPointers must be on for UseSharedSpaces.");
3834     }
3835 #endif
3836   }
3837 }
3838 
3839 // Sharing support
3840 // Construct the path to the archive
3841 static char* get_shared_archive_path() {
3842   char *shared_archive_path;
3843   if (SharedArchiveFile == NULL) {
3844     char jvm_path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3845     os::jvm_path(jvm_path, sizeof(jvm_path));
3846     char *end = strrchr(jvm_path, *os::file_separator());
3847     if (end != NULL) *end = '\0';
3848     size_t jvm_path_len = strlen(jvm_path);
3849     size_t file_sep_len = strlen(os::file_separator());
3850     const size_t len = jvm_path_len + file_sep_len + 20;
3851     shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtArguments);
3852     if (shared_archive_path != NULL) {
3853       jio_snprintf(shared_archive_path, len, "%s%sclasses.jsa",
3854         jvm_path, os::file_separator());
3855     }
3856   } else {
3857     shared_archive_path = os::strdup_check_oom(SharedArchiveFile, mtArguments);
3858   }
3859   return shared_archive_path;
3860 }
3861 
3862 #ifndef PRODUCT
3863 // Determine whether LogVMOutput should be implicitly turned on.
3864 static bool use_vm_log() {
3865   if (LogCompilation || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogFile) ||
3866       PrintCompilation || PrintInlining || PrintDependencies || PrintNativeNMethods ||
3867       PrintDebugInfo || PrintRelocations || PrintNMethods || PrintExceptionHandlers ||
3868       PrintAssembly || TraceDeoptimization || TraceDependencies ||
3869       (VerifyDependencies && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(VerifyDependencies))) {
3870     return true;
3871   }
3872 
3873 #ifdef COMPILER1
3874   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
3875     return true;
3876   }
3877 #endif // COMPILER1
3878 
3879 #ifdef COMPILER2
3880   if (PrintOptoAssembly || PrintOptoStatistics) {
3881     return true;
3882   }
3883 #endif // COMPILER2
3884 
3885   return false;
3886 }
3887 
3888 #endif // PRODUCT
3889 
3890 bool Arguments::args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
3891   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3892     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3893     const char* tail;
3894     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3895       return true;
3896     }
3897   }
3898   return false;
3899 }
3900 
3901 jint Arguments::insert_vm_options_file(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3902                                        const char* vm_options_file,
3903                                        const int vm_options_file_pos,
3904                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_options_file_args,
3905                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3906   jint code = parse_vm_options_file(vm_options_file, vm_options_file_args);
3907   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3908     return code;
3909   }
3910 
3911   if (vm_options_file_args->get()->nOptions < 1) {
3912     return JNI_OK;
3913   }
3914 
3915   if (args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args->get())) {
3916     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3917                 "A VM options file may not refer to a VM options file. "
3918                 "Specification of '-XX:VMOptionsFile=<file-name>' in the "
3919                 "options file '%s' in options container '%s' is an error.\n",
3920                 vm_options_file_args->vm_options_file_arg(),
3921                 vm_options_file_args->container_name());
3922     return JNI_EINVAL;
3923   }
3924 
3925   return args_out->insert(args, vm_options_file_args->get(),
3926                           vm_options_file_pos);
3927 }
3928 
3929 // Expand -XX:VMOptionsFile found in args_in as needed.
3930 // mod_args and args_out parameters may return values as needed.
3931 jint Arguments::expand_vm_options_as_needed(const JavaVMInitArgs* args_in,
3932                                             ScopedVMInitArgs* mod_args,
3933                                             JavaVMInitArgs** args_out) {
3934   jint code = match_special_option_and_act(args_in, mod_args);
3935   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3936     return code;
3937   }
3938 
3939   if (mod_args->is_set()) {
3940     // args_in contains -XX:VMOptionsFile and mod_args contains the
3941     // original options from args_in along with the options expanded
3942     // from the VMOptionsFile. Return a short-hand to the caller.
3943     *args_out = mod_args->get();
3944   } else {
3945     *args_out = (JavaVMInitArgs *)args_in;  // no changes so use args_in
3946   }
3947   return JNI_OK;
3948 }
3949 
3950 jint Arguments::match_special_option_and_act(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3951                                              ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3952   // Remaining part of option string
3953   const char* tail;
3954   ScopedVMInitArgs vm_options_file_args(args_out->container_name());
3955 
3956   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3957     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3958     if (ArgumentsExt::process_options(option)) {
3959       continue;
3960     }
3961     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
3962       Arguments::set_jvm_flags_file(tail);
3963       continue;
3964     }
3965     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3966       if (vm_options_file_args.found_vm_options_file_arg()) {
3967         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3968                     "The option '%s' is already specified in the options "
3969                     "container '%s' so the specification of '%s' in the "
3970                     "same options container is an error.\n",
3971                     vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg(),
3972                     vm_options_file_args.container_name(),
3973                     option->optionString);
3974         return JNI_EINVAL;
3975       }
3976       vm_options_file_args.set_vm_options_file_arg(option->optionString);
3977       // If there's a VMOptionsFile, parse that
3978       jint code = insert_vm_options_file(args, tail, index,
3979                                          &vm_options_file_args, args_out);
3980       if (code != JNI_OK) {
3981         return code;
3982       }
3983       args_out->set_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg());
3984       if (args_out->is_set()) {
3985         // The VMOptions file inserted some options so switch 'args'
3986         // to the new set of options, and continue processing which
3987         // preserves "last option wins" semantics.
3988         args = args_out->get();
3989         // The first option from the VMOptionsFile replaces the
3990         // current option.  So we back track to process the
3991         // replacement option.
3992         index--;
3993       }
3994       continue;
3995     }
3996     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions")) {
3997       PrintVMOptions = true;
3998       continue;
3999     }
4000     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintVMOptions")) {
4001       PrintVMOptions = false;
4002       continue;
4003     }
4004     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
4005       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = true;
4006       continue;
4007     }
4008     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
4009       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false;
4010       continue;
4011     }
4012     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial")) {
4013       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
4014       vm_exit(0);
4015     }
4016     if (match_option(option, "-XX:NativeMemoryTracking", &tail)) {
4017 #if INCLUDE_NMT
4018       // The launcher did not setup nmt environment variable properly.
4019       if (!MemTracker::check_launcher_nmt_support(tail)) {
4020         warning("Native Memory Tracking did not setup properly, using wrong launcher?");
4021       }
4022 
4023       // Verify if nmt option is valid.
4024       if (MemTracker::verify_nmt_option()) {
4025         // Late initialization, still in single-threaded mode.
4026         if (MemTracker::tracking_level() >= NMT_summary) {
4027           MemTracker::init();
4028         }
4029       } else {
4030         vm_exit_during_initialization("Syntax error, expecting -XX:NativeMemoryTracking=[off|summary|detail]", NULL);
4031       }
4032       continue;
4033 #else
4034       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
4035         "Native Memory Tracking is not supported in this VM\n");
4036       return JNI_ERR;
4037 #endif
4038     }
4039 
4040 #ifndef PRODUCT
4041     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsWithComments")) {
4042       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, true);
4043       vm_exit(0);
4044     }
4045 #endif
4046   }
4047   return JNI_OK;
4048 }
4049 
4050 static void print_options(const JavaVMInitArgs *args) {
4051   const char* tail;
4052   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
4053     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
4054     if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
4055       logOption(tail);
4056     }
4057   }
4058 }
4059 
4060 bool Arguments::handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags() {
4061   if (PrintGC) {
4062     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGC is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc instead.");
4063   }
4064   if (PrintGCDetails) {
4065     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGCDetails is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc* instead.");
4066   }
4067 
4068   if (_gc_log_filename != NULL) {
4069     // -Xloggc was used to specify a filename
4070     const char* gc_conf = PrintGCDetails ? "gc*" : "gc";
4071     return  LogConfiguration::parse_log_arguments(_gc_log_filename, gc_conf, NULL, NULL, NULL);
4072   } else if (PrintGC || PrintGCDetails) {
4073     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, !PrintGCDetails, LOG_TAGS(gc));
4074   }
4075   return true;
4076 }
4077 
4078 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
4079 
4080 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* initial_cmd_args) {
4081   assert(verify_special_jvm_flags(), "deprecated and obsolete flag table inconsistent");
4082 
4083   // Initialize ranges, constraints and writeables
4084   CommandLineFlagRangeList::init();
4085   CommandLineFlagConstraintList::init();
4086   CommandLineFlagWriteableList::init();
4087 
4088   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
4089   const char* hotspotrc = ".hotspotrc";
4090   bool settings_file_specified = false;
4091   bool needs_hotspotrc_warning = false;
4092   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
4093   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
4094 
4095   // Pointers to current working set of containers
4096   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_cmd_args;
4097   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_options_args;
4098   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_tool_options_args;
4099 
4100   // Containers for modified/expanded options
4101   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_cmd_args("cmd_line_args");
4102   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
4103   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
4104 
4105 
4106   jint code =
4107       parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_tool_options_args);
4108   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4109     return code;
4110   }
4111 
4112   code = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_options_args);
4113   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4114     return code;
4115   }
4116 
4117   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_tool_options_args.get(),
4118                                      &mod_java_tool_options_args,
4119                                      &cur_java_tool_options_args);
4120   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4121     return code;
4122   }
4123 
4124   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_cmd_args,
4125                                      &mod_cmd_args,
4126                                      &cur_cmd_args);
4127   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4128     return code;
4129   }
4130 
4131   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_options_args.get(),
4132                                      &mod_java_options_args,
4133                                      &cur_java_options_args);
4134   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4135     return code;
4136   }
4137 
4138   const char* flags_file = Arguments::get_jvm_flags_file();
4139   settings_file_specified = (flags_file != NULL);
4140 
4141   if (IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions) {
4142     cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
4143     cur_java_tool_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
4144     cur_java_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
4145   }
4146 
4147   // Parse specified settings file
4148   if (settings_file_specified) {
4149     if (!process_settings_file(flags_file, true,
4150                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
4151       return JNI_EINVAL;
4152     }
4153   } else {
4154 #ifdef ASSERT
4155     // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
4156     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false,
4157                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
4158       return JNI_EINVAL;
4159     }
4160 #else
4161     struct stat buf;
4162     if (os::stat(hotspotrc, &buf) == 0) {
4163       needs_hotspotrc_warning = true;
4164     }
4165 #endif
4166   }
4167 
4168   if (PrintVMOptions) {
4169     print_options(cur_java_tool_options_args);
4170     print_options(cur_cmd_args);
4171     print_options(cur_java_options_args);
4172   }
4173 
4174   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
4175   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(cur_java_tool_options_args,
4176                                    cur_java_options_args,
4177                                    cur_cmd_args);
4178 
4179   if (result != JNI_OK) {
4180     return result;
4181   }
4182 
4183   // Call get_shared_archive_path() here, after possible SharedArchiveFile option got parsed.
4184   SharedArchivePath = get_shared_archive_path();
4185   if (SharedArchivePath == NULL) {
4186     return JNI_ENOMEM;
4187   }
4188 
4189   // Set up VerifySharedSpaces
4190   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(VerifySharedSpaces) && SharedArchiveFile != NULL) {
4191     VerifySharedSpaces = true;
4192   }
4193 
4194   // Delay warning until here so that we've had a chance to process
4195   // the -XX:-PrintWarnings flag
4196   if (needs_hotspotrc_warning) {
4197     warning("%s file is present but has been ignored.  "
4198             "Run with -XX:Flags=%s to load the file.",
4199             hotspotrc, hotspotrc);
4200   }
4201 
4202 #if defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) || defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
4203   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseLargePages);
4204 #endif
4205 
4206   ArgumentsExt::report_unsupported_options();
4207 
4208 #ifndef PRODUCT
4209   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
4210     TraceBytecodes = true;
4211   }
4212   if (CountCompiledCalls) {
4213     if (UseCounterDecay) {
4214       warning("UseCounterDecay disabled because CountCalls is set");
4215       UseCounterDecay = false;
4216     }
4217   }
4218 #endif // PRODUCT
4219 
4220   if (ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
4221     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
4222       warning("Forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero");
4223     }
4224     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
4225   }
4226 
4227   if (!handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags()) {
4228     return JNI_EINVAL;
4229   }
4230 
4231   // Set object alignment values.
4232   set_object_alignment();
4233 
4234 #if !INCLUDE_CDS
4235   if (DumpSharedSpaces || RequireSharedSpaces) {
4236     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
4237       "Shared spaces are not supported in this VM\n");
4238     return JNI_ERR;
4239   }
4240   if ((UseSharedSpaces && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseSharedSpaces)) || PrintSharedSpaces) {
4241     warning("Shared spaces are not supported in this VM");
4242     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
4243     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(PrintSharedSpaces, false);
4244   }
4245   no_shared_spaces("CDS Disabled");
4246 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
4247 
4248   return JNI_OK;
4249 }
4250 
4251 jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
4252 
4253   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
4254   set_ergonomics_flags();
4255 
4256   set_shared_spaces_flags();
4257 
4258   // Check the GC selections again.
4259   if (!check_gc_consistency()) {
4260     return JNI_EINVAL;
4261   }
4262 
4263   if (TieredCompilation) {
4264     set_tiered_flags();
4265   } else {
4266     int max_compilation_policy_choice = 1;
4267 #ifdef COMPILER2
4268     max_compilation_policy_choice = 2;
4269 #endif
4270     // Check if the policy is valid.
4271     if (CompilationPolicyChoice >= max_compilation_policy_choice) {
4272       vm_exit_during_initialization(
4273         "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
4274     }
4275     // Scale CompileThreshold
4276     // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is equivalent to -Xint and leaves CompileThreshold unchanged.
4277     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling) && CompileThresholdScaling > 0.0) {
4278       FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(CompileThreshold));
4279     }
4280   }
4281 
4282 #ifdef COMPILER2
4283 #ifndef PRODUCT
4284   if (PrintIdealGraphLevel > 0) {
4285     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, PrintIdealGraph, true);
4286   }
4287 #endif
4288 #endif
4289 
4290   // Set heap size based on available physical memory
4291   set_heap_size();
4292 
4293   ArgumentsExt::set_gc_specific_flags();
4294 
4295   // Initialize Metaspace flags and alignments
4296   Metaspace::ergo_initialize();
4297 
4298   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
4299   set_bytecode_flags();
4300 
4301   // Set flags if Aggressive optimization flags (-XX:+AggressiveOpts) enabled
4302   jint code = set_aggressive_opts_flags();
4303   if (code != JNI_OK) {
4304     return code;
4305   }
4306 
4307   // Turn off biased locking for locking debug mode flags,
4308   // which are subtly different from each other but neither works with
4309   // biased locking
4310   if (UseHeavyMonitors
4311 #ifdef COMPILER1
4312       || !UseFastLocking
4313 #endif // COMPILER1
4314 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
4315       || !JVMCIUseFastLocking
4316 #endif
4317     ) {
4318     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking) && UseBiasedLocking) {
4319       // flag set to true on command line; warn the user that they
4320       // can't enable biased locking here
4321       warning("Biased Locking is not supported with locking debug flags"
4322               "; ignoring UseBiasedLocking flag." );
4323     }
4324     UseBiasedLocking = false;
4325   }
4326 
4327 #ifdef CC_INTERP
4328   // Clear flags not supported on zero.
4329   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ProfileInterpreter, false);
4330   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking, false);
4331   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false));
4332   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false));
4333 #endif // CC_INTERP
4334 
4335 #ifdef COMPILER2
4336   if (!EliminateLocks) {
4337     EliminateNestedLocks = false;
4338   }
4339   if (!Inline) {
4340     IncrementalInline = false;
4341   }
4342 #ifndef PRODUCT
4343   if (!IncrementalInline) {
4344     AlwaysIncrementalInline = false;
4345   }
4346 #endif
4347   if (!UseTypeSpeculation && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel)) {
4348     // nothing to use the profiling, turn if off
4349     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel, 0);
4350   }
4351 #endif
4352 
4353   if (PrintAssembly && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DebugNonSafepoints)) {
4354     warning("PrintAssembly is enabled; turning on DebugNonSafepoints to gain additional output");
4355     DebugNonSafepoints = true;
4356   }
4357 
4358   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CompressedClassSpaceSize) && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
4359     warning("Setting CompressedClassSpaceSize has no effect when compressed class pointers are not used");
4360   }
4361 
4362   if (UseOnStackReplacement && !UseLoopCounter) {
4363     warning("On-stack-replacement requires loop counters; enabling loop counters");
4364     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLoopCounter, true);
4365   }
4366 
4367 #ifndef PRODUCT
4368   if (!LogVMOutput && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogVMOutput)) {
4369     if (use_vm_log()) {
4370       LogVMOutput = true;
4371     }
4372   }
4373 #endif // PRODUCT
4374 
4375   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
4376     CommandLineFlags::printSetFlags(tty);
4377   }
4378 
4379   // Apply CPU specific policy for the BiasedLocking
4380   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
4381     if (!VM_Version::use_biased_locking() &&
4382         !(FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseBiasedLocking))) {
4383       UseBiasedLocking = false;
4384     }
4385   }
4386 #ifdef COMPILER2
4387   if (!UseBiasedLocking || EmitSync != 0) {
4388     UseOptoBiasInlining = false;
4389   }
4390 #endif
4391 
4392   return JNI_OK;
4393 }
4394 
4395 jint Arguments::adjust_after_os() {
4396   if (UseNUMA) {
4397     if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
4398       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes)) {
4399          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes, 64*M);
4400       }
4401     }
4402     // UseNUMAInterleaving is set to ON for all collectors and
4403     // platforms when UseNUMA is set to ON. NUMA-aware collectors
4404     // such as the parallel collector for Linux and Solaris will
4405     // interleave old gen and survivor spaces on top of NUMA
4406     // allocation policy for the eden space.
4407     // Non NUMA-aware collectors such as CMS, G1 and Serial-GC on
4408     // all platforms and ParallelGC on Windows will interleave all
4409     // of the heap spaces across NUMA nodes.
4410     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving)) {
4411       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseNUMAInterleaving, true);
4412     }
4413   }
4414   return JNI_OK;
4415 }
4416 
4417 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
4418   int count = 0;
4419   while(pl != NULL) {
4420     count++;
4421     pl = pl->next();
4422   }
4423   return count;
4424 }
4425 
4426 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
4427   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
4428   SystemProperty* prop;
4429   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4430     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
4431   }
4432   return NULL;
4433 }
4434 
4435 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_key_at(SystemProperty *pl, int index) {
4436   int count = 0;
4437   const char* ret_val = NULL;
4438 
4439   while(pl != NULL) {
4440     if(count >= index) {
4441       ret_val = pl->key();
4442       break;
4443     }
4444     count++;
4445     pl = pl->next();
4446   }
4447 
4448   return ret_val;
4449 }
4450 
4451 char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value_at(SystemProperty* pl, int index) {
4452   int count = 0;
4453   char* ret_val = NULL;
4454 
4455   while(pl != NULL) {
4456     if(count >= index) {
4457       ret_val = pl->value();
4458       break;
4459     }
4460     count++;
4461     pl = pl->next();
4462   }
4463 
4464   return ret_val;
4465 }
4466 
4467 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
4468   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
4469   if (p == NULL) {
4470     *plist = new_p;
4471   } else {
4472     while (p->next() != NULL) {
4473       p = p->next();
4474     }
4475     p->set_next(new_p);
4476   }
4477 }
4478 
4479 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v) {
4480   if (plist == NULL)
4481     return;
4482 
4483   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, true);
4484   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
4485 }
4486 
4487 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty *element) {
4488   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, element);
4489 }
4490 
4491 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
4492 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v, jboolean append) {
4493   if (plist == NULL)
4494     return;
4495 
4496   // If property key exist then update with new value.
4497   SystemProperty* prop;
4498   for (prop = *plist; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4499     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
4500       if (append) {
4501         prop->append_value(v);
4502       } else {
4503         prop->set_writeable_value(v);
4504       }
4505       return;
4506     }
4507   }
4508 
4509   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v);
4510 }
4511 
4512 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
4513 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
4514 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
4515 // Notes:
4516 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
4517 // NULL terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
4518 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
4519 // expanded one.
4520 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
4521 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
4522                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
4523   const char* p = src;
4524   char* b = buf;
4525   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
4526   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
4527 
4528   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
4529     if (*p == '%') {
4530       switch (*(++p)) {
4531       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
4532         *b++ = *p++;
4533         break;
4534       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
4535         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
4536         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
4537         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
4538         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
4539 
4540         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
4541         // the expanded pid, returns false.
4542         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
4543           return false;
4544         } else {
4545           b += ret;
4546           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
4547           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
4548             // reach the end of the buffer.
4549             return true;
4550           }
4551         }
4552         p++;
4553         break;
4554       }
4555       default :
4556         *b++ = '%';
4557       }
4558     } else {
4559       *b++ = *p++;
4560     }
4561   }
4562   *b = '\0';
4563   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
4564 }