1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2012, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  */
  23 
  24 
  25 package org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements;
  26 
  27 import static jdk.vm.ci.meta.DeoptimizationAction.None;
  28 import static jdk.vm.ci.meta.DeoptimizationReason.RuntimeConstraint;
  29 import static org.graalvm.compiler.core.common.GraalOptions.GeneratePIC;
  30 import static org.graalvm.compiler.core.common.calc.UnsignedMath.belowThan;
  31 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.GraalHotSpotVMConfigBase.INJECTED_VMCONFIG;
  32 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.HotSpotBackend.NEW_ARRAY;
  33 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.HotSpotBackend.NEW_ARRAY_OR_NULL;
  34 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.HotSpotBackend.NEW_INSTANCE;
  35 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.HotSpotBackend.NEW_INSTANCE_OR_NULL;
  36 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.HotSpotBackend.NEW_MULTI_ARRAY;
  37 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.HotSpotBackend.NEW_MULTI_ARRAY_OR_NULL;
  38 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.CLASS_ARRAY_KLASS_LOCATION;
  39 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.HUB_WRITE_LOCATION;
  40 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.MARK_WORD_LOCATION;
  41 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.PROTOTYPE_MARK_WORD_LOCATION;
  42 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.TLAB_END_LOCATION;
  43 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.TLAB_TOP_LOCATION;
  44 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.arrayAllocationSize;
  45 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.arrayKlassOffset;
  46 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.arrayLengthOffset;
  47 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.config;
  48 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.initializeObjectHeader;
  49 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.instanceHeaderSize;
  50 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.isInstanceKlassFullyInitialized;
  51 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.layoutHelperHeaderSizeMask;
  52 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.layoutHelperHeaderSizeShift;
  53 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.layoutHelperLog2ElementSizeMask;
  54 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.layoutHelperLog2ElementSizeShift;
  55 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.loadKlassFromObject;
  56 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.prototypeMarkWordOffset;
  57 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.readLayoutHelper;
  58 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.readTlabEnd;
  59 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.readTlabTop;
  60 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.registerAsWord;
  61 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.useBiasedLocking;
  62 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.useTLAB;
  63 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.verifyOop;
  64 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotSpotReplacementsUtil.writeTlabTop;
  65 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotspotSnippetsOptions.ProfileAllocations;
  66 import static org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.replacements.HotspotSnippetsOptions.ProfileAllocationsContext;
  67 import static org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.PiArrayNode.piArrayCastToSnippetReplaceeStamp;
  68 import static org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.PiNode.piCastToSnippetReplaceeStamp;
  69 import static org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.extended.BranchProbabilityNode.FAST_PATH_PROBABILITY;
  70 import static org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.extended.BranchProbabilityNode.FREQUENT_PROBABILITY;
  71 import static org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.extended.BranchProbabilityNode.SLOW_PATH_PROBABILITY;
  72 import static org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.extended.BranchProbabilityNode.probability;
  73 import static org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.ReplacementsUtil.REPLACEMENTS_ASSERTIONS_ENABLED;
  74 import static org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.ReplacementsUtil.runtimeAssert;
  75 import static org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.ReplacementsUtil.staticAssert;
  76 import static org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.SnippetTemplate.DEFAULT_REPLACER;
  77 import static org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.nodes.CStringConstant.cstring;
  78 import static org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.nodes.ExplodeLoopNode.explodeLoop;
  79 
  80 import org.graalvm.compiler.api.replacements.Fold;
  81 import org.graalvm.compiler.api.replacements.Fold.InjectedParameter;
  82 import org.graalvm.compiler.api.replacements.Snippet;
  83 import org.graalvm.compiler.api.replacements.Snippet.ConstantParameter;
  84 import org.graalvm.compiler.api.replacements.Snippet.VarargsParameter;
  85 import org.graalvm.compiler.core.common.spi.ForeignCallDescriptor;
  86 import org.graalvm.compiler.core.common.type.StampFactory;
  87 import org.graalvm.compiler.debug.DebugHandlersFactory;
  88 import org.graalvm.compiler.debug.GraalError;
  89 import org.graalvm.compiler.graph.Node.ConstantNodeParameter;
  90 import org.graalvm.compiler.graph.Node.NodeIntrinsic;
  91 import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.GraalHotSpotVMConfig;
  92 import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.meta.HotSpotProviders;
  93 import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.meta.HotSpotRegistersProvider;
  94 import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.nodes.DimensionsNode;
  95 import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.nodes.aot.LoadConstantIndirectlyFixedNode;
  96 import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.nodes.aot.LoadConstantIndirectlyNode;
  97 import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.nodes.type.KlassPointerStamp;
  98 import org.graalvm.compiler.hotspot.word.KlassPointer;
  99 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.ConstantNode;
 100 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.DeoptimizeNode;
 101 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.PiNode;
 102 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.PrefetchAllocateNode;
 103 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.SnippetAnchorNode;
 104 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.StructuredGraph;
 105 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.ValueNode;
 106 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.debug.DynamicCounterNode;
 107 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.debug.VerifyHeapNode;
 108 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.extended.ForeignCallNode;
 109 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.extended.MembarNode;
 110 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.java.DynamicNewArrayNode;
 111 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.java.DynamicNewInstanceNode;
 112 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.java.NewArrayNode;
 113 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.java.NewInstanceNode;
 114 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.java.NewMultiArrayNode;
 115 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.memory.address.OffsetAddressNode;
 116 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.spi.LoweringTool;
 117 import org.graalvm.compiler.nodes.util.GraphUtil;
 118 import org.graalvm.compiler.options.OptionValues;
 119 import org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.ReplacementsUtil;
 120 import org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.SnippetCounter;
 121 import org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.SnippetCounter.Group;
 122 import org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.SnippetTemplate;
 123 import org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.SnippetTemplate.AbstractTemplates;
 124 import org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.SnippetTemplate.Arguments;
 125 import org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.SnippetTemplate.SnippetInfo;
 126 import org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.Snippets;
 127 import org.graalvm.compiler.replacements.nodes.ExplodeLoopNode;
 128 import org.graalvm.compiler.word.Word;
 129 import jdk.internal.vm.compiler.word.LocationIdentity;
 130 import jdk.internal.vm.compiler.word.WordFactory;
 131 
 132 import jdk.vm.ci.code.CodeUtil;
 133 import jdk.vm.ci.code.MemoryBarriers;
 134 import jdk.vm.ci.code.Register;
 135 import jdk.vm.ci.code.TargetDescription;
 136 import jdk.vm.ci.hotspot.HotSpotResolvedObjectType;
 137 import jdk.vm.ci.meta.JavaKind;
 138 import jdk.vm.ci.meta.ResolvedJavaType;
 139 
 140 /**
 141  * Snippets used for implementing NEW, ANEWARRAY and NEWARRAY.
 142  */
 143 public class NewObjectSnippets implements Snippets {
 144 
 145     enum ProfileContext {
 146         AllocatingMethod,
 147         InstanceOrArray,
 148         AllocatedType,
 149         AllocatedTypesInMethod,
 150         Total
 151     }
 152 
 153     @Fold
 154     static String createName(String path, String typeContext, OptionValues options) {
 155         switch (ProfileAllocationsContext.getValue(options)) {
 156             case AllocatingMethod:
 157                 return "";
 158             case InstanceOrArray:
 159                 return path;
 160             case AllocatedType:
 161             case AllocatedTypesInMethod:
 162                 return typeContext;
 163             case Total:
 164                 return "bytes";
 165             default:
 166                 throw GraalError.shouldNotReachHere();
 167         }
 168     }
 169 
 170     @Fold
 171     static boolean doProfile(OptionValues options) {
 172         return ProfileAllocations.getValue(options);
 173     }
 174 
 175     @Fold
 176     static boolean withContext(OptionValues options) {
 177         ProfileContext context = ProfileAllocationsContext.getValue(options);
 178         return context == ProfileContext.AllocatingMethod || context == ProfileContext.AllocatedTypesInMethod;
 179     }
 180 
 181     protected static void profileAllocation(String path, long size, String typeContext, OptionValues options) {
 182         if (doProfile(options)) {
 183             String name = createName(path, typeContext, options);
 184 
 185             boolean context = withContext(options);
 186             DynamicCounterNode.counter("number of bytes allocated", name, size, context);
 187             DynamicCounterNode.counter("number of allocations", name, 1, context);
 188         }
 189     }
 190 
 191     public static void emitPrefetchAllocate(Word address, boolean isArray) {
 192         GraalHotSpotVMConfig config = config(INJECTED_VMCONFIG);
 193         if (config.allocatePrefetchStyle > 0) {
 194             // Insert a prefetch for each allocation only on the fast-path
 195             // Generate several prefetch instructions.
 196             int lines = isArray ? config.allocatePrefetchLines : config.allocateInstancePrefetchLines;
 197             int stepSize = config.allocatePrefetchStepSize;
 198             int distance = config.allocatePrefetchDistance;
 199             ExplodeLoopNode.explodeLoop();
 200             for (int i = 0; i < lines; i++) {
 201                 PrefetchAllocateNode.prefetch(OffsetAddressNode.address(address, distance));
 202                 distance += stepSize;
 203             }
 204         }
 205     }
 206 
 207     @Snippet
 208     public static Object allocateInstance(@ConstantParameter int size, KlassPointer hub, Word prototypeMarkWord, @ConstantParameter boolean fillContents,
 209                     @ConstantParameter Register threadRegister, @ConstantParameter boolean constantSize, @ConstantParameter String typeContext, @ConstantParameter OptionValues options,
 210                     @ConstantParameter Counters counters) {
 211         return piCastToSnippetReplaceeStamp(allocateInstanceHelper(size, hub, prototypeMarkWord, fillContents, threadRegister, constantSize, typeContext, options, counters));
 212     }
 213 
 214     public static Object allocateInstanceHelper(int size, KlassPointer hub, Word prototypeMarkWord, boolean fillContents,
 215                     Register threadRegister, boolean constantSize, String typeContext, OptionValues options, Counters counters) {
 216         Object result;
 217         Word thread = registerAsWord(threadRegister);
 218         Word top = readTlabTop(thread);
 219         Word end = readTlabEnd(thread);
 220         Word newTop = top.add(size);
 221         if (useTLAB(INJECTED_VMCONFIG) && probability(FAST_PATH_PROBABILITY, newTop.belowOrEqual(end))) {
 222             writeTlabTop(thread, newTop);
 223             emitPrefetchAllocate(newTop, false);
 224             result = formatObject(hub, size, top, prototypeMarkWord, fillContents, constantSize, counters);
 225         } else {
 226             if (counters != null && counters.stub != null) {
 227                 counters.stub.inc();
 228             }
 229             result = newInstanceStub(hub);
 230         }
 231         profileAllocation("instance", size, typeContext, options);
 232         return verifyOop(result);
 233     }
 234 
 235     public static Object newInstanceStub(KlassPointer hub) {
 236         if (useNullAllocationStubs(INJECTED_VMCONFIG)) {
 237             return nonNullOrDeopt(newInstanceOrNull(NEW_INSTANCE_OR_NULL, hub));
 238         } else {
 239             return newInstance(NEW_INSTANCE, hub);
 240         }
 241     }
 242 
 243     @NodeIntrinsic(value = ForeignCallNode.class, injectedStampIsNonNull = true)
 244     private static native Object newInstance(@ConstantNodeParameter ForeignCallDescriptor descriptor, KlassPointer hub);
 245 
 246     @NodeIntrinsic(value = ForeignCallNode.class, injectedStampIsNonNull = false)
 247     private static native Object newInstanceOrNull(@ConstantNodeParameter ForeignCallDescriptor descriptor, KlassPointer hub);
 248 
 249     @Snippet
 250     public static Object allocateInstancePIC(@ConstantParameter int size, KlassPointer hub, Word prototypeMarkWord, @ConstantParameter boolean fillContents,
 251                     @ConstantParameter Register threadRegister, @ConstantParameter boolean constantSize, @ConstantParameter String typeContext, @ConstantParameter OptionValues options,
 252                     @ConstantParameter Counters counters) {
 253         // Klass must be initialized by the time the first instance is allocated, therefore we can
 254         // just load it from the corresponding cell and avoid the resolution check. We have to use a
 255         // fixed load though, to prevent it from floating above the initialization.
 256         KlassPointer picHub = LoadConstantIndirectlyFixedNode.loadKlass(hub);
 257         return piCastToSnippetReplaceeStamp(allocateInstanceHelper(size, picHub, prototypeMarkWord, fillContents, threadRegister, constantSize, typeContext, options, counters));
 258     }
 259 
 260     @Snippet
 261     public static Object allocateInstanceDynamic(Class<?> type, Class<?> classClass, @ConstantParameter boolean fillContents, @ConstantParameter Register threadRegister,
 262                     @ConstantParameter OptionValues options, @ConstantParameter Counters counters) {
 263         if (probability(SLOW_PATH_PROBABILITY, type == null)) {
 264             DeoptimizeNode.deopt(None, RuntimeConstraint);
 265         }
 266         Class<?> nonNullType = PiNode.piCastNonNullClass(type, SnippetAnchorNode.anchor());
 267 
 268         if (probability(SLOW_PATH_PROBABILITY, DynamicNewInstanceNode.throwsInstantiationException(type, classClass))) {
 269             DeoptimizeNode.deopt(None, RuntimeConstraint);
 270         }
 271 
 272         return PiNode.piCastToSnippetReplaceeStamp(allocateInstanceDynamicHelper(type, fillContents, threadRegister, options, counters, nonNullType));
 273     }
 274 
 275     private static Object allocateInstanceDynamicHelper(Class<?> type, boolean fillContents, Register threadRegister, OptionValues options, Counters counters, Class<?> nonNullType) {
 276         KlassPointer hub = ClassGetHubNode.readClass(nonNullType);
 277         if (probability(FAST_PATH_PROBABILITY, !hub.isNull())) {
 278             KlassPointer nonNullHub = ClassGetHubNode.piCastNonNull(hub, SnippetAnchorNode.anchor());
 279 
 280             if (probability(FAST_PATH_PROBABILITY, isInstanceKlassFullyInitialized(nonNullHub))) {
 281                 int layoutHelper = readLayoutHelper(nonNullHub);
 282                 /*
 283                  * src/share/vm/oops/klass.hpp: For instances, layout helper is a positive number,
 284                  * the instance size. This size is already passed through align_object_size and
 285                  * scaled to bytes. The low order bit is set if instances of this class cannot be
 286                  * allocated using the fastpath.
 287                  */
 288                 if (probability(FAST_PATH_PROBABILITY, (layoutHelper & 1) == 0)) {
 289                     Word prototypeMarkWord = nonNullHub.readWord(prototypeMarkWordOffset(INJECTED_VMCONFIG), PROTOTYPE_MARK_WORD_LOCATION);
 290                     /*
 291                      * FIXME(je,ds): we should actually pass typeContext instead of "" but late
 292                      * binding of parameters is not yet supported by the GraphBuilderPlugin system.
 293                      */
 294                     return allocateInstanceHelper(layoutHelper, nonNullHub, prototypeMarkWord, fillContents, threadRegister, false, "", options, counters);
 295                 }
 296             } else {
 297                 DeoptimizeNode.deopt(None, RuntimeConstraint);
 298             }
 299         }
 300         return dynamicNewInstanceStub(type);
 301     }
 302 
 303     /**
 304      * Maximum array length for which fast path allocation is used.
 305      */
 306     public static final int MAX_ARRAY_FAST_PATH_ALLOCATION_LENGTH = 0x00FFFFFF;
 307 
 308     @Snippet
 309     public static Object allocatePrimitiveArrayPIC(KlassPointer hub, int length, Word prototypeMarkWord, @ConstantParameter int headerSize, @ConstantParameter int log2ElementSize,
 310                     @ConstantParameter boolean fillContents, @ConstantParameter Register threadRegister, @ConstantParameter boolean maybeUnroll, @ConstantParameter String typeContext,
 311                     @ConstantParameter OptionValues options, @ConstantParameter Counters counters) {
 312         // Primitive array types are eagerly pre-resolved. We can use a floating load.
 313         KlassPointer picHub = LoadConstantIndirectlyNode.loadKlass(hub);
 314         return allocateArrayImpl(picHub, length, prototypeMarkWord, headerSize, log2ElementSize, fillContents, threadRegister, maybeUnroll, typeContext, false, options, counters);
 315     }
 316 
 317     @Snippet
 318     public static Object allocateArrayPIC(KlassPointer hub, int length, Word prototypeMarkWord, @ConstantParameter int headerSize, @ConstantParameter int log2ElementSize,
 319                     @ConstantParameter boolean fillContents, @ConstantParameter Register threadRegister, @ConstantParameter boolean maybeUnroll, @ConstantParameter String typeContext,
 320                     @ConstantParameter OptionValues options, @ConstantParameter Counters counters) {
 321         // Array type would be resolved by dominating resolution.
 322         KlassPointer picHub = LoadConstantIndirectlyFixedNode.loadKlass(hub);
 323         return allocateArrayImpl(picHub, length, prototypeMarkWord, headerSize, log2ElementSize, fillContents, threadRegister, maybeUnroll, typeContext, false, options, counters);
 324     }
 325 
 326     @Snippet
 327     public static Object allocateArray(KlassPointer hub,
 328                     int length,
 329                     Word prototypeMarkWord,
 330                     @ConstantParameter int headerSize,
 331                     @ConstantParameter int log2ElementSize,
 332                     @ConstantParameter boolean fillContents,
 333                     @ConstantParameter Register threadRegister,
 334                     @ConstantParameter boolean maybeUnroll,
 335                     @ConstantParameter String typeContext,
 336                     @ConstantParameter OptionValues options,
 337                     @ConstantParameter Counters counters) {
 338         Object result = allocateArrayImpl(hub, length, prototypeMarkWord, headerSize, log2ElementSize, fillContents, threadRegister, maybeUnroll, typeContext, false, options, counters);
 339         return piArrayCastToSnippetReplaceeStamp(verifyOop(result), length);
 340     }
 341 
 342     /**
 343      * When allocating on the slow path, determines whether to use a version of the runtime call
 344      * that returns {@code null} on a failed allocation instead of raising an OutOfMemoryError.
 345      */
 346     @Fold
 347     static boolean useNullAllocationStubs(@InjectedParameter GraalHotSpotVMConfig config) {
 348         return config.areNullAllocationStubsAvailable();
 349     }
 350 
 351     private static Object allocateArrayImpl(KlassPointer hub, int length, Word prototypeMarkWord, int headerSize, int log2ElementSize, boolean fillContents, Register threadRegister,
 352                     boolean maybeUnroll, String typeContext, boolean skipNegativeCheck, OptionValues options, Counters counters) {
 353         Object result;
 354         int allocationSize = arrayAllocationSize(length, headerSize, log2ElementSize);
 355         Word thread = registerAsWord(threadRegister);
 356         Word top = readTlabTop(thread);
 357         Word end = readTlabEnd(thread);
 358         Word newTop = top.add(allocationSize);
 359         if (probability(FREQUENT_PROBABILITY, skipNegativeCheck || belowThan(length, MAX_ARRAY_FAST_PATH_ALLOCATION_LENGTH)) && useTLAB(INJECTED_VMCONFIG) &&
 360                         probability(FAST_PATH_PROBABILITY, newTop.belowOrEqual(end))) {
 361             writeTlabTop(thread, newTop);
 362             emitPrefetchAllocate(newTop, true);
 363             if (counters != null && counters.arrayLoopInit != null) {
 364                 counters.arrayLoopInit.inc();
 365             }
 366             result = formatArray(hub, allocationSize, length, headerSize, top, prototypeMarkWord, fillContents, maybeUnroll, counters);
 367         } else {
 368             result = newArrayStub(hub, length);
 369         }
 370         profileAllocation("array", allocationSize, typeContext, options);
 371         return result;
 372     }
 373 
 374     public static Object newArrayStub(KlassPointer hub, int length) {
 375         if (useNullAllocationStubs(INJECTED_VMCONFIG)) {
 376             return nonNullOrDeopt(newArrayOrNull(NEW_ARRAY_OR_NULL, hub, length));
 377         } else {
 378             return newArray(NEW_ARRAY, hub, length);
 379         }
 380     }
 381 
 382     @NodeIntrinsic(value = ForeignCallNode.class, injectedStampIsNonNull = true)
 383     private static native Object newArray(@ConstantNodeParameter ForeignCallDescriptor descriptor, KlassPointer hub, int length);
 384 
 385     @NodeIntrinsic(value = ForeignCallNode.class, injectedStampIsNonNull = false)
 386     private static native Object newArrayOrNull(@ConstantNodeParameter ForeignCallDescriptor descriptor, KlassPointer hub, int length);
 387 
 388     /**
 389      * New dynamic array stub that throws an {@link OutOfMemoryError} on allocation failure.
 390      */
 391     public static final ForeignCallDescriptor DYNAMIC_NEW_INSTANCE = new ForeignCallDescriptor("dynamic_new_instance", Object.class, Class.class);
 392 
 393     /**
 394      * New dynamic array stub that returns null on allocation failure.
 395      */
 396     public static final ForeignCallDescriptor DYNAMIC_NEW_INSTANCE_OR_NULL = new ForeignCallDescriptor("dynamic_new_instance_or_null", Object.class, Class.class);
 397 
 398     public static Object dynamicNewInstanceStub(Class<?> elementType) {
 399         if (useNullAllocationStubs(INJECTED_VMCONFIG)) {
 400             return nonNullOrDeopt(dynamicNewInstanceOrNull(DYNAMIC_NEW_INSTANCE_OR_NULL, elementType));
 401         } else {
 402             return dynamicNewInstance(DYNAMIC_NEW_INSTANCE, elementType);
 403         }
 404     }
 405 
 406     /**
 407      * Deoptimizes if {@code obj == null} otherwise returns {@code obj}.
 408      */
 409     private static Object nonNullOrDeopt(Object obj) {
 410         if (obj == null) {
 411             DeoptimizeNode.deopt(None, RuntimeConstraint);
 412         }
 413         return obj;
 414     }
 415 
 416     @NodeIntrinsic(value = ForeignCallNode.class, injectedStampIsNonNull = true)
 417     public static native Object dynamicNewInstance(@ConstantNodeParameter ForeignCallDescriptor descriptor, Class<?> elementType);
 418 
 419     @NodeIntrinsic(value = ForeignCallNode.class, injectedStampIsNonNull = false)
 420     public static native Object dynamicNewInstanceOrNull(@ConstantNodeParameter ForeignCallDescriptor descriptor, Class<?> elementType);
 421 
 422     @Snippet
 423     public static Object allocateArrayDynamic(Class<?> elementType, Class<?> voidClass, int length, @ConstantParameter boolean fillContents, @ConstantParameter Register threadRegister,
 424                     @ConstantParameter JavaKind knownElementKind, @ConstantParameter int knownLayoutHelper, Word prototypeMarkWord, @ConstantParameter OptionValues options,
 425                     @ConstantParameter Counters counters) {
 426         Object result = allocateArrayDynamicImpl(elementType, voidClass, length, fillContents, threadRegister, knownElementKind, knownLayoutHelper, prototypeMarkWord, options, counters);
 427         return result;
 428     }
 429 
 430     private static Object allocateArrayDynamicImpl(Class<?> elementType, Class<?> voidClass, int length, boolean fillContents, Register threadRegister, JavaKind knownElementKind,
 431                     int knownLayoutHelper, Word prototypeMarkWord, OptionValues options, Counters counters) {
 432         /*
 433          * We only need the dynamic check for void when we have no static information from
 434          * knownElementKind.
 435          */
 436         staticAssert(knownElementKind != JavaKind.Void, "unsupported knownElementKind");
 437         if (knownElementKind == JavaKind.Illegal && probability(SLOW_PATH_PROBABILITY, elementType == null || DynamicNewArrayNode.throwsIllegalArgumentException(elementType, voidClass))) {
 438             DeoptimizeNode.deopt(None, RuntimeConstraint);
 439         }
 440 
 441         KlassPointer klass = loadKlassFromObject(elementType, arrayKlassOffset(INJECTED_VMCONFIG), CLASS_ARRAY_KLASS_LOCATION);
 442         if (klass.isNull()) {
 443             DeoptimizeNode.deopt(None, RuntimeConstraint);
 444         }
 445         KlassPointer nonNullKlass = ClassGetHubNode.piCastNonNull(klass, SnippetAnchorNode.anchor());
 446 
 447         if (length < 0) {
 448             DeoptimizeNode.deopt(None, RuntimeConstraint);
 449         }
 450         int layoutHelper;
 451         if (knownElementKind == JavaKind.Illegal) {
 452             layoutHelper = readLayoutHelper(nonNullKlass);
 453         } else {
 454             runtimeAssert(knownLayoutHelper == readLayoutHelper(nonNullKlass), "layout mismatch");
 455             layoutHelper = knownLayoutHelper;
 456         }
 457         //@formatter:off
 458         // from src/share/vm/oops/klass.hpp:
 459         //
 460         // For arrays, layout helper is a negative number, containing four
 461         // distinct bytes, as follows:
 462         //    MSB:[tag, hsz, ebt, log2(esz)]:LSB
 463         // where:
 464         //    tag is 0x80 if the elements are oops, 0xC0 if non-oops
 465         //    hsz is array header size in bytes (i.e., offset of first element)
 466         //    ebt is the BasicType of the elements
 467         //    esz is the element size in bytes
 468         //@formatter:on
 469 
 470         int headerSize = (layoutHelper >> layoutHelperHeaderSizeShift(INJECTED_VMCONFIG)) & layoutHelperHeaderSizeMask(INJECTED_VMCONFIG);
 471         int log2ElementSize = (layoutHelper >> layoutHelperLog2ElementSizeShift(INJECTED_VMCONFIG)) & layoutHelperLog2ElementSizeMask(INJECTED_VMCONFIG);
 472 
 473         Object result = allocateArrayImpl(nonNullKlass, length, prototypeMarkWord, headerSize, log2ElementSize, fillContents, threadRegister, false, "dynamic type", true, options, counters);
 474         return piArrayCastToSnippetReplaceeStamp(verifyOop(result), length);
 475     }
 476 
 477     /**
 478      * Calls the runtime stub for implementing MULTIANEWARRAY.
 479      */
 480     @Snippet
 481     private static Object newmultiarray(KlassPointer hub, @ConstantParameter int rank, @VarargsParameter int[] dimensions) {
 482         Word dims = DimensionsNode.allocaDimsArray(rank);
 483         ExplodeLoopNode.explodeLoop();
 484         for (int i = 0; i < rank; i++) {
 485             dims.writeInt(i * 4, dimensions[i], LocationIdentity.init());
 486         }
 487         return newMultiArrayStub(hub, rank, dims);
 488     }
 489 
 490     private static Object newMultiArrayStub(KlassPointer hub, int rank, Word dims) {
 491         if (useNullAllocationStubs(INJECTED_VMCONFIG)) {
 492             return nonNullOrDeopt(newMultiArrayOrNull(NEW_MULTI_ARRAY_OR_NULL, hub, rank, dims));
 493         } else {
 494             return newMultiArray(NEW_MULTI_ARRAY, hub, rank, dims);
 495         }
 496     }
 497 
 498     @Snippet
 499     private static Object newmultiarrayPIC(KlassPointer hub, @ConstantParameter int rank, @VarargsParameter int[] dimensions) {
 500         // Array type would be resolved by dominating resolution.
 501         KlassPointer picHub = LoadConstantIndirectlyFixedNode.loadKlass(hub);
 502         return newmultiarray(picHub, rank, dimensions);
 503     }
 504 
 505     @NodeIntrinsic(value = ForeignCallNode.class, injectedStampIsNonNull = true)
 506     private static native Object newMultiArray(@ConstantNodeParameter ForeignCallDescriptor descriptor, KlassPointer hub, int rank, Word dims);
 507 
 508     @NodeIntrinsic(value = ForeignCallNode.class, injectedStampIsNonNull = false)
 509     private static native Object newMultiArrayOrNull(@ConstantNodeParameter ForeignCallDescriptor descriptor, KlassPointer hub, int rank, Word dims);
 510 
 511     /**
 512      * Maximum number of long stores to emit when zeroing an object with a constant size. Larger
 513      * objects have their bodies initialized in a loop.
 514      */
 515     private static final int MAX_UNROLLED_OBJECT_ZEROING_STORES = 8;
 516 
 517     /**
 518      * Zero uninitialized memory in a newly allocated object, unrolling as necessary and ensuring
 519      * that stores are aligned.
 520      *
 521      * @param size number of bytes to zero
 522      * @param memory beginning of object which is being zeroed
 523      * @param constantSize is {@code size} known to be constant in the snippet
 524      * @param startOffset offset to begin zeroing. May not be word aligned.
 525      * @param manualUnroll maximally unroll zeroing
 526      */
 527     private static void zeroMemory(int size, Word memory, boolean constantSize, int startOffset, boolean manualUnroll, Counters counters) {
 528         fillMemory(0, size, memory, constantSize, startOffset, manualUnroll, counters);
 529     }
 530 
 531     private static void fillMemory(long value, int size, Word memory, boolean constantSize, int startOffset, boolean manualUnroll, Counters counters) {
 532         ReplacementsUtil.runtimeAssert((size & 0x7) == 0, "unaligned object size");
 533         int offset = startOffset;
 534         if ((offset & 0x7) != 0) {
 535             memory.writeInt(offset, (int) value, LocationIdentity.init());
 536             offset += 4;
 537         }
 538         ReplacementsUtil.runtimeAssert((offset & 0x7) == 0, "unaligned offset");
 539         if (manualUnroll && ((size - offset) / 8) <= MAX_UNROLLED_OBJECT_ZEROING_STORES) {
 540             ReplacementsUtil.staticAssert(!constantSize, "size shouldn't be constant at instantiation time");
 541             // This case handles arrays of constant length. Instead of having a snippet variant for
 542             // each length, generate a chain of stores of maximum length. Once it's inlined the
 543             // break statement will trim excess stores.
 544             if (counters != null && counters.instanceSeqInit != null) {
 545                 counters.instanceSeqInit.inc();
 546             }
 547 
 548             explodeLoop();
 549             for (int i = 0; i < MAX_UNROLLED_OBJECT_ZEROING_STORES; i++, offset += 8) {
 550                 if (offset == size) {
 551                     break;
 552                 }
 553                 memory.initializeLong(offset, value, LocationIdentity.init());
 554             }
 555         } else {
 556             // Use Word instead of int to avoid extension to long in generated code
 557             Word off = WordFactory.signed(offset);
 558             if (constantSize && ((size - offset) / 8) <= MAX_UNROLLED_OBJECT_ZEROING_STORES) {
 559                 if (counters != null && counters.instanceSeqInit != null) {
 560                     counters.instanceSeqInit.inc();
 561                 }
 562                 explodeLoop();
 563             } else {
 564                 if (counters != null && counters.instanceLoopInit != null) {
 565                     counters.instanceLoopInit.inc();
 566                 }
 567             }
 568             for (; off.rawValue() < size; off = off.add(8)) {
 569                 memory.initializeLong(off, value, LocationIdentity.init());
 570             }
 571         }
 572     }
 573 
 574     /**
 575      * Fill uninitialized memory with garbage value in a newly allocated object, unrolling as
 576      * necessary and ensuring that stores are aligned.
 577      *
 578      * @param size number of bytes to zero
 579      * @param memory beginning of object which is being zeroed
 580      * @param constantSize is {@code  size} known to be constant in the snippet
 581      * @param startOffset offset to begin zeroing. May not be word aligned.
 582      * @param manualUnroll maximally unroll zeroing
 583      */
 584     private static void fillWithGarbage(int size, Word memory, boolean constantSize, int startOffset, boolean manualUnroll, Counters counters) {
 585         fillMemory(0xfefefefefefefefeL, size, memory, constantSize, startOffset, manualUnroll, counters);
 586     }
 587 
 588     /**
 589      * Formats some allocated memory with an object header and zeroes out the rest.
 590      */
 591     private static Object formatObject(KlassPointer hub, int size, Word memory, Word compileTimePrototypeMarkWord, boolean fillContents, boolean constantSize, Counters counters) {
 592         Word prototypeMarkWord = useBiasedLocking(INJECTED_VMCONFIG) ? hub.readWord(prototypeMarkWordOffset(INJECTED_VMCONFIG), PROTOTYPE_MARK_WORD_LOCATION) : compileTimePrototypeMarkWord;
 593         initializeObjectHeader(memory, prototypeMarkWord, hub);
 594         if (fillContents) {
 595             zeroMemory(size, memory, constantSize, instanceHeaderSize(INJECTED_VMCONFIG), false, counters);
 596         } else if (REPLACEMENTS_ASSERTIONS_ENABLED) {
 597             fillWithGarbage(size, memory, constantSize, instanceHeaderSize(INJECTED_VMCONFIG), false, counters);
 598         }
 599         MembarNode.memoryBarrier(MemoryBarriers.STORE_STORE, LocationIdentity.init());
 600         return memory.toObjectNonNull();
 601     }
 602 
 603     @Snippet
 604     private static void verifyHeap(@ConstantParameter Register threadRegister) {
 605         Word thread = registerAsWord(threadRegister);
 606         Word topValue = readTlabTop(thread);
 607         if (!topValue.equal(WordFactory.zero())) {
 608             Word topValueContents = topValue.readWord(0, MARK_WORD_LOCATION);
 609             if (topValueContents.equal(WordFactory.zero())) {
 610                 AssertionSnippets.vmMessageC(AssertionSnippets.ASSERTION_VM_MESSAGE_C, true, cstring("overzeroing of TLAB detected"), 0L, 0L, 0L);
 611             }
 612         }
 613     }
 614 
 615     /**
 616      * Formats some allocated memory with an object header and zeroes out the rest.
 617      */
 618     private static Object formatArray(KlassPointer hub, int allocationSize, int length, int headerSize, Word memory, Word prototypeMarkWord, boolean fillContents, boolean maybeUnroll,
 619                     Counters counters) {
 620         memory.writeInt(arrayLengthOffset(INJECTED_VMCONFIG), length, LocationIdentity.init());
 621         /*
 622          * store hub last as the concurrent garbage collectors assume length is valid if hub field
 623          * is not null
 624          */
 625         initializeObjectHeader(memory, prototypeMarkWord, hub);
 626         if (fillContents) {
 627             zeroMemory(allocationSize, memory, false, headerSize, maybeUnroll, counters);
 628         } else if (REPLACEMENTS_ASSERTIONS_ENABLED) {
 629             fillWithGarbage(allocationSize, memory, false, headerSize, maybeUnroll, counters);
 630         }
 631         MembarNode.memoryBarrier(MemoryBarriers.STORE_STORE, LocationIdentity.init());
 632         return memory.toObjectNonNull();
 633     }
 634 
 635     static class Counters {
 636         Counters(SnippetCounter.Group.Factory factory) {
 637             Group newInstance = factory.createSnippetCounterGroup("NewInstance");
 638             Group newArray = factory.createSnippetCounterGroup("NewArray");
 639             instanceSeqInit = new SnippetCounter(newInstance, "tlabSeqInit", "TLAB alloc with unrolled zeroing");
 640             instanceLoopInit = new SnippetCounter(newInstance, "tlabLoopInit", "TLAB alloc with zeroing in a loop");
 641             arrayLoopInit = new SnippetCounter(newArray, "tlabLoopInit", "TLAB alloc with zeroing in a loop");
 642             stub = new SnippetCounter(newInstance, "stub", "alloc and zeroing via stub");
 643         }
 644 
 645         final SnippetCounter instanceSeqInit;
 646         final SnippetCounter instanceLoopInit;
 647         final SnippetCounter arrayLoopInit;
 648         final SnippetCounter stub;
 649     }
 650 
 651     public static class Templates extends AbstractTemplates {
 652 
 653         private final SnippetInfo allocateInstance = snippet(NewObjectSnippets.class, "allocateInstance", MARK_WORD_LOCATION, HUB_WRITE_LOCATION, TLAB_TOP_LOCATION, TLAB_END_LOCATION);
 654         private final SnippetInfo allocateInstancePIC = snippet(NewObjectSnippets.class, "allocateInstancePIC", MARK_WORD_LOCATION, HUB_WRITE_LOCATION, TLAB_TOP_LOCATION,
 655                         TLAB_END_LOCATION);
 656         private final SnippetInfo allocateArray = snippet(NewObjectSnippets.class, "allocateArray", MARK_WORD_LOCATION, HUB_WRITE_LOCATION, TLAB_TOP_LOCATION, TLAB_END_LOCATION);
 657         private final SnippetInfo allocateArrayPIC = snippet(NewObjectSnippets.class, "allocateArrayPIC", MARK_WORD_LOCATION, HUB_WRITE_LOCATION, TLAB_TOP_LOCATION, TLAB_END_LOCATION);
 658         private final SnippetInfo allocatePrimitiveArrayPIC = snippet(NewObjectSnippets.class, "allocatePrimitiveArrayPIC", MARK_WORD_LOCATION, HUB_WRITE_LOCATION, TLAB_TOP_LOCATION,
 659                         TLAB_END_LOCATION);
 660         private final SnippetInfo allocateArrayDynamic = snippet(NewObjectSnippets.class, "allocateArrayDynamic", MARK_WORD_LOCATION, HUB_WRITE_LOCATION, TLAB_TOP_LOCATION,
 661                         TLAB_END_LOCATION);
 662         private final SnippetInfo allocateInstanceDynamic = snippet(NewObjectSnippets.class, "allocateInstanceDynamic", MARK_WORD_LOCATION, HUB_WRITE_LOCATION, TLAB_TOP_LOCATION,
 663                         TLAB_END_LOCATION);
 664         private final SnippetInfo newmultiarray = snippet(NewObjectSnippets.class, "newmultiarray", TLAB_TOP_LOCATION, TLAB_END_LOCATION);
 665         private final SnippetInfo newmultiarrayPIC = snippet(NewObjectSnippets.class, "newmultiarrayPIC", TLAB_TOP_LOCATION, TLAB_END_LOCATION);
 666         private final SnippetInfo verifyHeap = snippet(NewObjectSnippets.class, "verifyHeap");
 667         private final GraalHotSpotVMConfig config;
 668         private final Counters counters;
 669 
 670         public Templates(OptionValues options, Iterable<DebugHandlersFactory> factories, SnippetCounter.Group.Factory factory, HotSpotProviders providers, TargetDescription target,
 671                         GraalHotSpotVMConfig config) {
 672             super(options, factories, providers, providers.getSnippetReflection(), target);
 673             this.config = config;
 674             counters = new Counters(factory);
 675         }
 676 
 677         /**
 678          * Lowers a {@link NewInstanceNode}.
 679          */
 680         public void lower(NewInstanceNode newInstanceNode, HotSpotRegistersProvider registers, LoweringTool tool) {
 681             StructuredGraph graph = newInstanceNode.graph();
 682             HotSpotResolvedObjectType type = (HotSpotResolvedObjectType) newInstanceNode.instanceClass();
 683             assert !type.isArray();
 684             ConstantNode hub = ConstantNode.forConstant(KlassPointerStamp.klassNonNull(), type.klass(), providers.getMetaAccess(), graph);
 685             int size = instanceSize(type);
 686 
 687             OptionValues localOptions = graph.getOptions();
 688             SnippetInfo snippet = GeneratePIC.getValue(localOptions) ? allocateInstancePIC : allocateInstance;
 689             Arguments args = new Arguments(snippet, graph.getGuardsStage(), tool.getLoweringStage());
 690             args.addConst("size", size);
 691             args.add("hub", hub);
 692             args.add("prototypeMarkWord", type.prototypeMarkWord());
 693             args.addConst("fillContents", newInstanceNode.fillContents());
 694             args.addConst("threadRegister", registers.getThreadRegister());
 695             args.addConst("constantSize", true);
 696             args.addConst("typeContext", ProfileAllocations.getValue(localOptions) ? type.toJavaName(false) : "");
 697             args.addConst("options", localOptions);
 698             args.addConst("counters", counters);
 699 
 700             SnippetTemplate template = template(newInstanceNode, args);
 701             graph.getDebug().log("Lowering allocateInstance in %s: node=%s, template=%s, arguments=%s", graph, newInstanceNode, template, args);
 702             template.instantiate(providers.getMetaAccess(), newInstanceNode, DEFAULT_REPLACER, args);
 703         }
 704 
 705         /**
 706          * Lowers a {@link NewArrayNode}.
 707          */
 708         public void lower(NewArrayNode newArrayNode, HotSpotRegistersProvider registers, LoweringTool tool) {
 709             StructuredGraph graph = newArrayNode.graph();
 710             ResolvedJavaType elementType = newArrayNode.elementType();
 711             HotSpotResolvedObjectType arrayType = (HotSpotResolvedObjectType) elementType.getArrayClass();
 712             JavaKind elementKind = elementType.getJavaKind();
 713             ConstantNode hub = ConstantNode.forConstant(KlassPointerStamp.klassNonNull(), arrayType.klass(), providers.getMetaAccess(), graph);
 714             final int headerSize = tool.getMetaAccess().getArrayBaseOffset(elementKind);
 715             int log2ElementSize = CodeUtil.log2(tool.getMetaAccess().getArrayIndexScale(elementKind));
 716 
 717             OptionValues localOptions = graph.getOptions();
 718             SnippetInfo snippet;
 719             if (GeneratePIC.getValue(localOptions)) {
 720                 if (elementType.isPrimitive()) {
 721                     snippet = allocatePrimitiveArrayPIC;
 722                 } else {
 723                     snippet = allocateArrayPIC;
 724                 }
 725             } else {
 726                 snippet = allocateArray;
 727             }
 728 
 729             Arguments args = new Arguments(snippet, graph.getGuardsStage(), tool.getLoweringStage());
 730             args.add("hub", hub);
 731             ValueNode length = newArrayNode.length();
 732             args.add("length", length.isAlive() ? length : graph.addOrUniqueWithInputs(length));
 733             assert arrayType.prototypeMarkWord() == lookupArrayClass(tool, JavaKind.Object).prototypeMarkWord() : "all array types are assumed to have the same prototypeMarkWord";
 734             args.add("prototypeMarkWord", arrayType.prototypeMarkWord());
 735             args.addConst("headerSize", headerSize);
 736             args.addConst("log2ElementSize", log2ElementSize);
 737             args.addConst("fillContents", newArrayNode.fillContents());
 738             args.addConst("threadRegister", registers.getThreadRegister());
 739             args.addConst("maybeUnroll", length.isConstant());
 740             args.addConst("typeContext", ProfileAllocations.getValue(localOptions) ? arrayType.toJavaName(false) : "");
 741             args.addConst("options", localOptions);
 742             args.addConst("counters", counters);
 743             SnippetTemplate template = template(newArrayNode, args);
 744             graph.getDebug().log("Lowering allocateArray in %s: node=%s, template=%s, arguments=%s", graph, newArrayNode, template, args);
 745             template.instantiate(providers.getMetaAccess(), newArrayNode, DEFAULT_REPLACER, args);
 746         }
 747 
 748         public void lower(DynamicNewInstanceNode newInstanceNode, HotSpotRegistersProvider registers, LoweringTool tool) {
 749             Arguments args = new Arguments(allocateInstanceDynamic, newInstanceNode.graph().getGuardsStage(), tool.getLoweringStage());
 750             OptionValues localOptions = newInstanceNode.getOptions();
 751             args.add("type", newInstanceNode.getInstanceType());
 752             ValueNode classClass = newInstanceNode.getClassClass();
 753             assert classClass != null;
 754             args.add("classClass", classClass);
 755             args.addConst("fillContents", newInstanceNode.fillContents());
 756             args.addConst("threadRegister", registers.getThreadRegister());
 757             args.addConst("options", localOptions);
 758             args.addConst("counters", counters);
 759 
 760             SnippetTemplate template = template(newInstanceNode, args);
 761             template.instantiate(providers.getMetaAccess(), newInstanceNode, DEFAULT_REPLACER, args);
 762         }
 763 
 764         public void lower(DynamicNewArrayNode newArrayNode, HotSpotRegistersProvider registers, LoweringTool tool) {
 765             StructuredGraph graph = newArrayNode.graph();
 766             OptionValues localOptions = graph.getOptions();
 767             Arguments args = new Arguments(allocateArrayDynamic, newArrayNode.graph().getGuardsStage(), tool.getLoweringStage());
 768             args.add("elementType", newArrayNode.getElementType());
 769             ValueNode voidClass = newArrayNode.getVoidClass();
 770             assert voidClass != null;
 771             args.add("voidClass", voidClass);
 772             ValueNode length = newArrayNode.length();
 773             args.add("length", length.isAlive() ? length : graph.addOrUniqueWithInputs(length));
 774             args.addConst("fillContents", newArrayNode.fillContents());
 775             args.addConst("threadRegister", registers.getThreadRegister());
 776             /*
 777              * We use Kind.Illegal as a marker value instead of null because constant snippet
 778              * parameters cannot be null.
 779              */
 780             args.addConst("knownElementKind", newArrayNode.getKnownElementKind() == null ? JavaKind.Illegal : newArrayNode.getKnownElementKind());
 781             if (newArrayNode.getKnownElementKind() != null) {
 782                 args.addConst("knownLayoutHelper", lookupArrayClass(tool, newArrayNode.getKnownElementKind()).layoutHelper());
 783             } else {
 784                 args.addConst("knownLayoutHelper", 0);
 785             }
 786             args.add("prototypeMarkWord", lookupArrayClass(tool, JavaKind.Object).prototypeMarkWord());
 787             args.addConst("options", localOptions);
 788             args.addConst("counters", counters);
 789             SnippetTemplate template = template(newArrayNode, args);
 790             template.instantiate(providers.getMetaAccess(), newArrayNode, DEFAULT_REPLACER, args);
 791         }
 792 
 793         private static HotSpotResolvedObjectType lookupArrayClass(LoweringTool tool, JavaKind kind) {
 794             return (HotSpotResolvedObjectType) tool.getMetaAccess().lookupJavaType(kind == JavaKind.Object ? Object.class : kind.toJavaClass()).getArrayClass();
 795         }
 796 
 797         public void lower(NewMultiArrayNode newmultiarrayNode, LoweringTool tool) {
 798             StructuredGraph graph = newmultiarrayNode.graph();
 799             OptionValues localOptions = graph.getOptions();
 800             int rank = newmultiarrayNode.dimensionCount();
 801             ValueNode[] dims = new ValueNode[rank];
 802             for (int i = 0; i < newmultiarrayNode.dimensionCount(); i++) {
 803                 dims[i] = newmultiarrayNode.dimension(i);
 804             }
 805             HotSpotResolvedObjectType type = (HotSpotResolvedObjectType) newmultiarrayNode.type();
 806             ConstantNode hub = ConstantNode.forConstant(KlassPointerStamp.klassNonNull(), type.klass(), providers.getMetaAccess(), graph);
 807 
 808             SnippetInfo snippet = GeneratePIC.getValue(localOptions) ? newmultiarrayPIC : newmultiarray;
 809             Arguments args = new Arguments(snippet, graph.getGuardsStage(), tool.getLoweringStage());
 810             args.add("hub", hub);
 811             args.addConst("rank", rank);
 812             args.addVarargs("dimensions", int.class, StampFactory.forKind(JavaKind.Int), dims);
 813             template(newmultiarrayNode, args).instantiate(providers.getMetaAccess(), newmultiarrayNode, DEFAULT_REPLACER, args);
 814         }
 815 
 816         private static int instanceSize(HotSpotResolvedObjectType type) {
 817             int size = type.instanceSize();
 818             assert size >= 0;
 819             return size;
 820         }
 821 
 822         public void lower(VerifyHeapNode verifyHeapNode, HotSpotRegistersProvider registers, LoweringTool tool) {
 823             if (config.cAssertions) {
 824                 Arguments args = new Arguments(verifyHeap, verifyHeapNode.graph().getGuardsStage(), tool.getLoweringStage());
 825                 args.addConst("threadRegister", registers.getThreadRegister());
 826 
 827                 SnippetTemplate template = template(verifyHeapNode, args);
 828                 template.instantiate(providers.getMetaAccess(), verifyHeapNode, DEFAULT_REPLACER, args);
 829             } else {
 830                 GraphUtil.removeFixedWithUnusedInputs(verifyHeapNode);
 831             }
 832         }
 833     }
 834 }