1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 2001, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 *
9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
13 * accompanied this code).
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
18 *
19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
21 * questions.
22 *
23 */
24
25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
26 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
27 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
28 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
29 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
30 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/cmsAdaptiveSizePolicy.hpp"
31 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/cmsCollectorPolicy.hpp"
32 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/cmsGCAdaptivePolicyCounters.hpp"
33 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/cmsOopClosures.inline.hpp"
34 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/compactibleFreeListSpace.hpp"
35 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/concurrentMarkSweepGeneration.inline.hpp"
36 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/concurrentMarkSweepThread.hpp"
37 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/vmCMSOperations.hpp"
38 #include "gc_implementation/parNew/parNewGeneration.hpp"
39 #include "gc_implementation/shared/collectorCounters.hpp"
40 #include "gc_implementation/shared/isGCActiveMark.hpp"
41 #include "gc_interface/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
42 #include "memory/cardTableRS.hpp"
43 #include "memory/collectorPolicy.hpp"
44 #include "memory/gcLocker.inline.hpp"
45 #include "memory/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
46 #include "memory/genMarkSweep.hpp"
47 #include "memory/genOopClosures.inline.hpp"
48 #include "memory/iterator.hpp"
49 #include "memory/referencePolicy.hpp"
50 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
51 #include "memory/tenuredGeneration.hpp"
52 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
53 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
54 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
55 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
56 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
57 #include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
58 #include "services/memoryService.hpp"
59 #include "services/runtimeService.hpp"
60
61 // statics
62 CMSCollector* ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::_collector = NULL;
63 bool CMSCollector::_full_gc_requested = false;
64
65 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
66 // In support of CMS/VM thread synchronization
67 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
68 // We split use of the CGC_lock into 2 "levels".
69 // The low-level locking is of the usual CGC_lock monitor. We introduce
70 // a higher level "token" (hereafter "CMS token") built on top of the
71 // low level monitor (hereafter "CGC lock").
72 // The token-passing protocol gives priority to the VM thread. The
73 // CMS-lock doesn't provide any fairness guarantees, but clients
74 // should ensure that it is only held for very short, bounded
75 // durations.
76 //
77 // When either of the CMS thread or the VM thread is involved in
78 // collection operations during which it does not want the other
79 // thread to interfere, it obtains the CMS token.
80 //
81 // If either thread tries to get the token while the other has
82 // it, that thread waits. However, if the VM thread and CMS thread
83 // both want the token, then the VM thread gets priority while the
84 // CMS thread waits. This ensures, for instance, that the "concurrent"
85 // phases of the CMS thread's work do not block out the VM thread
86 // for long periods of time as the CMS thread continues to hog
87 // the token. (See bug 4616232).
88 //
89 // The baton-passing functions are, however, controlled by the
90 // flags _foregroundGCShouldWait and _foregroundGCIsActive,
91 // and here the low-level CMS lock, not the high level token,
92 // ensures mutual exclusion.
93 //
94 // Two important conditions that we have to satisfy:
95 // 1. if a thread does a low-level wait on the CMS lock, then it
96 // relinquishes the CMS token if it were holding that token
97 // when it acquired the low-level CMS lock.
98 // 2. any low-level notifications on the low-level lock
99 // should only be sent when a thread has relinquished the token.
100 //
101 // In the absence of either property, we'd have potential deadlock.
102 //
103 // We protect each of the CMS (concurrent and sequential) phases
104 // with the CMS _token_, not the CMS _lock_.
105 //
106 // The only code protected by CMS lock is the token acquisition code
107 // itself, see ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::[de]synchronize(), and the
108 // baton-passing code.
109 //
110 // Unfortunately, i couldn't come up with a good abstraction to factor and
111 // hide the naked CGC_lock manipulation in the baton-passing code
112 // further below. That's something we should try to do. Also, the proof
113 // of correctness of this 2-level locking scheme is far from obvious,
114 // and potentially quite slippery. We have an uneasy supsicion, for instance,
115 // that there may be a theoretical possibility of delay/starvation in the
116 // low-level lock/wait/notify scheme used for the baton-passing because of
117 // potential intereference with the priority scheme embodied in the
118 // CMS-token-passing protocol. See related comments at a CGC_lock->wait()
119 // invocation further below and marked with "XXX 20011219YSR".
120 // Indeed, as we note elsewhere, this may become yet more slippery
121 // in the presence of multiple CMS and/or multiple VM threads. XXX
122
123 class CMSTokenSync: public StackObj {
124 private:
125 bool _is_cms_thread;
126 public:
127 CMSTokenSync(bool is_cms_thread):
128 _is_cms_thread(is_cms_thread) {
129 assert(is_cms_thread == Thread::current()->is_ConcurrentGC_thread(),
130 "Incorrect argument to constructor");
131 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::synchronize(_is_cms_thread);
132 }
133
134 ~CMSTokenSync() {
135 assert(_is_cms_thread ?
136 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token() :
137 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::vm_thread_has_cms_token(),
138 "Incorrect state");
139 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::desynchronize(_is_cms_thread);
140 }
141 };
142
143 // Convenience class that does a CMSTokenSync, and then acquires
144 // upto three locks.
145 class CMSTokenSyncWithLocks: public CMSTokenSync {
146 private:
147 // Note: locks are acquired in textual declaration order
148 // and released in the opposite order
149 MutexLockerEx _locker1, _locker2, _locker3;
150 public:
151 CMSTokenSyncWithLocks(bool is_cms_thread, Mutex* mutex1,
152 Mutex* mutex2 = NULL, Mutex* mutex3 = NULL):
153 CMSTokenSync(is_cms_thread),
154 _locker1(mutex1, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag),
155 _locker2(mutex2, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag),
156 _locker3(mutex3, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag)
157 { }
158 };
159
160
161 // Wrapper class to temporarily disable icms during a foreground cms collection.
162 class ICMSDisabler: public StackObj {
163 public:
164 // The ctor disables icms and wakes up the thread so it notices the change;
165 // the dtor re-enables icms. Note that the CMSCollector methods will check
166 // CMSIncrementalMode.
167 ICMSDisabler() { CMSCollector::disable_icms(); CMSCollector::start_icms(); }
168 ~ICMSDisabler() { CMSCollector::enable_icms(); }
169 };
170
171 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
172 // Concurrent Mark-Sweep Generation /////////////////////////////
173 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
174
175 NOT_PRODUCT(CompactibleFreeListSpace* debug_cms_space;)
176
177 // This struct contains per-thread things necessary to support parallel
178 // young-gen collection.
179 class CMSParGCThreadState: public CHeapObj<mtGC> {
180 public:
181 CFLS_LAB lab;
182 PromotionInfo promo;
183
184 // Constructor.
185 CMSParGCThreadState(CompactibleFreeListSpace* cfls) : lab(cfls) {
186 promo.setSpace(cfls);
187 }
188 };
189
190 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration(
191 ReservedSpace rs, size_t initial_byte_size, int level,
192 CardTableRS* ct, bool use_adaptive_freelists,
193 FreeBlockDictionary<FreeChunk>::DictionaryChoice dictionaryChoice) :
194 CardGeneration(rs, initial_byte_size, level, ct),
195 _dilatation_factor(((double)MinChunkSize)/((double)(CollectedHeap::min_fill_size()))),
196 _debug_collection_type(Concurrent_collection_type),
197 _did_compact(false)
198 {
199 HeapWord* bottom = (HeapWord*) _virtual_space.low();
200 HeapWord* end = (HeapWord*) _virtual_space.high();
201
202 _direct_allocated_words = 0;
203 NOT_PRODUCT(
204 _numObjectsPromoted = 0;
205 _numWordsPromoted = 0;
206 _numObjectsAllocated = 0;
207 _numWordsAllocated = 0;
208 )
209
210 _cmsSpace = new CompactibleFreeListSpace(_bts, MemRegion(bottom, end),
211 use_adaptive_freelists,
212 dictionaryChoice);
213 NOT_PRODUCT(debug_cms_space = _cmsSpace;)
214 if (_cmsSpace == NULL) {
215 vm_exit_during_initialization(
216 "CompactibleFreeListSpace allocation failure");
217 }
218 _cmsSpace->_gen = this;
219
220 _gc_stats = new CMSGCStats();
221
222 // Verify the assumption that FreeChunk::_prev and OopDesc::_klass
223 // offsets match. The ability to tell free chunks from objects
224 // depends on this property.
225 debug_only(
226 FreeChunk* junk = NULL;
227 assert(UseCompressedKlassPointers ||
228 junk->prev_addr() == (void*)(oop(junk)->klass_addr()),
229 "Offset of FreeChunk::_prev within FreeChunk must match"
230 " that of OopDesc::_klass within OopDesc");
231 )
232 if (CollectedHeap::use_parallel_gc_threads()) {
233 typedef CMSParGCThreadState* CMSParGCThreadStatePtr;
234 _par_gc_thread_states =
235 NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(CMSParGCThreadStatePtr, ParallelGCThreads, mtGC);
236 if (_par_gc_thread_states == NULL) {
237 vm_exit_during_initialization("Could not allocate par gc structs");
238 }
239 for (uint i = 0; i < ParallelGCThreads; i++) {
240 _par_gc_thread_states[i] = new CMSParGCThreadState(cmsSpace());
241 if (_par_gc_thread_states[i] == NULL) {
242 vm_exit_during_initialization("Could not allocate par gc structs");
243 }
244 }
245 } else {
246 _par_gc_thread_states = NULL;
247 }
248 _incremental_collection_failed = false;
249 // The "dilatation_factor" is the expansion that can occur on
250 // account of the fact that the minimum object size in the CMS
251 // generation may be larger than that in, say, a contiguous young
252 // generation.
253 // Ideally, in the calculation below, we'd compute the dilatation
254 // factor as: MinChunkSize/(promoting_gen's min object size)
255 // Since we do not have such a general query interface for the
256 // promoting generation, we'll instead just use the mimimum
257 // object size (which today is a header's worth of space);
258 // note that all arithmetic is in units of HeapWords.
259 assert(MinChunkSize >= CollectedHeap::min_fill_size(), "just checking");
260 assert(_dilatation_factor >= 1.0, "from previous assert");
261 }
262
263
264 // The field "_initiating_occupancy" represents the occupancy percentage
265 // at which we trigger a new collection cycle. Unless explicitly specified
266 // via CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction (argument "io" below), it
267 // is calculated by:
268 //
269 // Let "f" be MinHeapFreeRatio in
270 //
271 // _intiating_occupancy = 100-f +
272 // f * (CMSTriggerRatio/100)
273 // where CMSTriggerRatio is the argument "tr" below.
274 //
275 // That is, if we assume the heap is at its desired maximum occupancy at the
276 // end of a collection, we let CMSTriggerRatio of the (purported) free
277 // space be allocated before initiating a new collection cycle.
278 //
279 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::init_initiating_occupancy(intx io, uintx tr) {
280 assert(io <= 100 && tr <= 100, "Check the arguments");
281 if (io >= 0) {
282 _initiating_occupancy = (double)io / 100.0;
283 } else {
284 _initiating_occupancy = ((100 - MinHeapFreeRatio) +
285 (double)(tr * MinHeapFreeRatio) / 100.0)
286 / 100.0;
287 }
288 }
289
290 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::ref_processor_init() {
291 assert(collector() != NULL, "no collector");
292 collector()->ref_processor_init();
293 }
294
295 void CMSCollector::ref_processor_init() {
296 if (_ref_processor == NULL) {
297 // Allocate and initialize a reference processor
298 _ref_processor =
299 new ReferenceProcessor(_span, // span
300 (ParallelGCThreads > 1) && ParallelRefProcEnabled, // mt processing
301 (int) ParallelGCThreads, // mt processing degree
302 _cmsGen->refs_discovery_is_mt(), // mt discovery
303 (int) MAX2(ConcGCThreads, ParallelGCThreads), // mt discovery degree
304 _cmsGen->refs_discovery_is_atomic(), // discovery is not atomic
305 &_is_alive_closure, // closure for liveness info
306 false); // next field updates do not need write barrier
307 // Initialize the _ref_processor field of CMSGen
308 _cmsGen->set_ref_processor(_ref_processor);
309
310 }
311 }
312
313 CMSAdaptiveSizePolicy* CMSCollector::size_policy() {
314 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
315 assert(gch->kind() == CollectedHeap::GenCollectedHeap,
316 "Wrong type of heap");
317 CMSAdaptiveSizePolicy* sp = (CMSAdaptiveSizePolicy*)
318 gch->gen_policy()->size_policy();
319 assert(sp->is_gc_cms_adaptive_size_policy(),
320 "Wrong type of size policy");
321 return sp;
322 }
323
324 CMSGCAdaptivePolicyCounters* CMSCollector::gc_adaptive_policy_counters() {
325 CMSGCAdaptivePolicyCounters* results =
326 (CMSGCAdaptivePolicyCounters*) collector_policy()->counters();
327 assert(
328 results->kind() == GCPolicyCounters::CMSGCAdaptivePolicyCountersKind,
329 "Wrong gc policy counter kind");
330 return results;
331 }
332
333
334 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::initialize_performance_counters() {
335
336 const char* gen_name = "old";
337
338 // Generation Counters - generation 1, 1 subspace
339 _gen_counters = new GenerationCounters(gen_name, 1, 1, &_virtual_space);
340
341 _space_counters = new GSpaceCounters(gen_name, 0,
342 _virtual_space.reserved_size(),
343 this, _gen_counters);
344 }
345
346 CMSStats::CMSStats(ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration* cms_gen, unsigned int alpha):
347 _cms_gen(cms_gen)
348 {
349 assert(alpha <= 100, "bad value");
350 _saved_alpha = alpha;
351
352 // Initialize the alphas to the bootstrap value of 100.
353 _gc0_alpha = _cms_alpha = 100;
354
355 _cms_begin_time.update();
356 _cms_end_time.update();
357
358 _gc0_duration = 0.0;
359 _gc0_period = 0.0;
360 _gc0_promoted = 0;
361
362 _cms_duration = 0.0;
363 _cms_period = 0.0;
364 _cms_allocated = 0;
365
366 _cms_used_at_gc0_begin = 0;
367 _cms_used_at_gc0_end = 0;
368 _allow_duty_cycle_reduction = false;
369 _valid_bits = 0;
370 _icms_duty_cycle = CMSIncrementalDutyCycle;
371 }
372
373 double CMSStats::cms_free_adjustment_factor(size_t free) const {
374 // TBD: CR 6909490
375 return 1.0;
376 }
377
378 void CMSStats::adjust_cms_free_adjustment_factor(bool fail, size_t free) {
379 }
380
381 // If promotion failure handling is on use
382 // the padded average size of the promotion for each
383 // young generation collection.
384 double CMSStats::time_until_cms_gen_full() const {
385 size_t cms_free = _cms_gen->cmsSpace()->free();
386 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
387 size_t expected_promotion = MIN2(gch->get_gen(0)->capacity(),
388 (size_t) _cms_gen->gc_stats()->avg_promoted()->padded_average());
389 if (cms_free > expected_promotion) {
390 // Start a cms collection if there isn't enough space to promote
391 // for the next minor collection. Use the padded average as
392 // a safety factor.
393 cms_free -= expected_promotion;
394
395 // Adjust by the safety factor.
396 double cms_free_dbl = (double)cms_free;
397 double cms_adjustment = (100.0 - CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor)/100.0;
398 // Apply a further correction factor which tries to adjust
399 // for recent occurance of concurrent mode failures.
400 cms_adjustment = cms_adjustment * cms_free_adjustment_factor(cms_free);
401 cms_free_dbl = cms_free_dbl * cms_adjustment;
402
403 if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
404 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("CMSStats::time_until_cms_gen_full: cms_free "
405 SIZE_FORMAT " expected_promotion " SIZE_FORMAT,
406 cms_free, expected_promotion);
407 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" cms_free_dbl %f cms_consumption_rate %f",
408 cms_free_dbl, cms_consumption_rate() + 1.0);
409 }
410 // Add 1 in case the consumption rate goes to zero.
411 return cms_free_dbl / (cms_consumption_rate() + 1.0);
412 }
413 return 0.0;
414 }
415
416 // Compare the duration of the cms collection to the
417 // time remaining before the cms generation is empty.
418 // Note that the time from the start of the cms collection
419 // to the start of the cms sweep (less than the total
420 // duration of the cms collection) can be used. This
421 // has been tried and some applications experienced
422 // promotion failures early in execution. This was
423 // possibly because the averages were not accurate
424 // enough at the beginning.
425 double CMSStats::time_until_cms_start() const {
426 // We add "gc0_period" to the "work" calculation
427 // below because this query is done (mostly) at the
428 // end of a scavenge, so we need to conservatively
429 // account for that much possible delay
430 // in the query so as to avoid concurrent mode failures
431 // due to starting the collection just a wee bit too
432 // late.
433 double work = cms_duration() + gc0_period();
434 double deadline = time_until_cms_gen_full();
435 // If a concurrent mode failure occurred recently, we want to be
436 // more conservative and halve our expected time_until_cms_gen_full()
437 if (work > deadline) {
438 if (Verbose && PrintGCDetails) {
439 gclog_or_tty->print(
440 " CMSCollector: collect because of anticipated promotion "
441 "before full %3.7f + %3.7f > %3.7f ", cms_duration(),
442 gc0_period(), time_until_cms_gen_full());
443 }
444 return 0.0;
445 }
446 return work - deadline;
447 }
448
449 // Return a duty cycle based on old_duty_cycle and new_duty_cycle, limiting the
450 // amount of change to prevent wild oscillation.
451 unsigned int CMSStats::icms_damped_duty_cycle(unsigned int old_duty_cycle,
452 unsigned int new_duty_cycle) {
453 assert(old_duty_cycle <= 100, "bad input value");
454 assert(new_duty_cycle <= 100, "bad input value");
455
456 // Note: use subtraction with caution since it may underflow (values are
457 // unsigned). Addition is safe since we're in the range 0-100.
458 unsigned int damped_duty_cycle = new_duty_cycle;
459 if (new_duty_cycle < old_duty_cycle) {
460 const unsigned int largest_delta = MAX2(old_duty_cycle / 4, 5U);
461 if (new_duty_cycle + largest_delta < old_duty_cycle) {
462 damped_duty_cycle = old_duty_cycle - largest_delta;
463 }
464 } else if (new_duty_cycle > old_duty_cycle) {
465 const unsigned int largest_delta = MAX2(old_duty_cycle / 4, 15U);
466 if (new_duty_cycle > old_duty_cycle + largest_delta) {
467 damped_duty_cycle = MIN2(old_duty_cycle + largest_delta, 100U);
468 }
469 }
470 assert(damped_duty_cycle <= 100, "invalid duty cycle computed");
471
472 if (CMSTraceIncrementalPacing) {
473 gclog_or_tty->print(" [icms_damped_duty_cycle(%d,%d) = %d] ",
474 old_duty_cycle, new_duty_cycle, damped_duty_cycle);
475 }
476 return damped_duty_cycle;
477 }
478
479 unsigned int CMSStats::icms_update_duty_cycle_impl() {
480 assert(CMSIncrementalPacing && valid(),
481 "should be handled in icms_update_duty_cycle()");
482
483 double cms_time_so_far = cms_timer().seconds();
484 double scaled_duration = cms_duration_per_mb() * _cms_used_at_gc0_end / M;
485 double scaled_duration_remaining = fabsd(scaled_duration - cms_time_so_far);
486
487 // Avoid division by 0.
488 double time_until_full = MAX2(time_until_cms_gen_full(), 0.01);
489 double duty_cycle_dbl = 100.0 * scaled_duration_remaining / time_until_full;
490
491 unsigned int new_duty_cycle = MIN2((unsigned int)duty_cycle_dbl, 100U);
492 if (new_duty_cycle > _icms_duty_cycle) {
493 // Avoid very small duty cycles (1 or 2); 0 is allowed.
494 if (new_duty_cycle > 2) {
495 _icms_duty_cycle = icms_damped_duty_cycle(_icms_duty_cycle,
496 new_duty_cycle);
497 }
498 } else if (_allow_duty_cycle_reduction) {
499 // The duty cycle is reduced only once per cms cycle (see record_cms_end()).
500 new_duty_cycle = icms_damped_duty_cycle(_icms_duty_cycle, new_duty_cycle);
501 // Respect the minimum duty cycle.
502 unsigned int min_duty_cycle = (unsigned int)CMSIncrementalDutyCycleMin;
503 _icms_duty_cycle = MAX2(new_duty_cycle, min_duty_cycle);
504 }
505
506 if (PrintGCDetails || CMSTraceIncrementalPacing) {
507 gclog_or_tty->print(" icms_dc=%d ", _icms_duty_cycle);
508 }
509
510 _allow_duty_cycle_reduction = false;
511 return _icms_duty_cycle;
512 }
513
514 #ifndef PRODUCT
515 void CMSStats::print_on(outputStream *st) const {
516 st->print(" gc0_alpha=%d,cms_alpha=%d", _gc0_alpha, _cms_alpha);
517 st->print(",gc0_dur=%g,gc0_per=%g,gc0_promo=" SIZE_FORMAT,
518 gc0_duration(), gc0_period(), gc0_promoted());
519 st->print(",cms_dur=%g,cms_dur_per_mb=%g,cms_per=%g,cms_alloc=" SIZE_FORMAT,
520 cms_duration(), cms_duration_per_mb(),
521 cms_period(), cms_allocated());
522 st->print(",cms_since_beg=%g,cms_since_end=%g",
523 cms_time_since_begin(), cms_time_since_end());
524 st->print(",cms_used_beg=" SIZE_FORMAT ",cms_used_end=" SIZE_FORMAT,
525 _cms_used_at_gc0_begin, _cms_used_at_gc0_end);
526 if (CMSIncrementalMode) {
527 st->print(",dc=%d", icms_duty_cycle());
528 }
529
530 if (valid()) {
531 st->print(",promo_rate=%g,cms_alloc_rate=%g",
532 promotion_rate(), cms_allocation_rate());
533 st->print(",cms_consumption_rate=%g,time_until_full=%g",
534 cms_consumption_rate(), time_until_cms_gen_full());
535 }
536 st->print(" ");
537 }
538 #endif // #ifndef PRODUCT
539
540 CMSCollector::CollectorState CMSCollector::_collectorState =
541 CMSCollector::Idling;
542 bool CMSCollector::_foregroundGCIsActive = false;
543 bool CMSCollector::_foregroundGCShouldWait = false;
544
545 CMSCollector::CMSCollector(ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration* cmsGen,
546 CardTableRS* ct,
547 ConcurrentMarkSweepPolicy* cp):
548 _cmsGen(cmsGen),
549 _ct(ct),
550 _ref_processor(NULL), // will be set later
551 _conc_workers(NULL), // may be set later
552 _abort_preclean(false),
553 _start_sampling(false),
554 _between_prologue_and_epilogue(false),
555 _markBitMap(0, Mutex::leaf + 1, "CMS_markBitMap_lock"),
556 _modUnionTable((CardTableModRefBS::card_shift - LogHeapWordSize),
557 -1 /* lock-free */, "No_lock" /* dummy */),
558 _modUnionClosure(&_modUnionTable),
559 _modUnionClosurePar(&_modUnionTable),
560 // Adjust my span to cover old (cms) gen
561 _span(cmsGen->reserved()),
562 // Construct the is_alive_closure with _span & markBitMap
563 _is_alive_closure(_span, &_markBitMap),
564 _restart_addr(NULL),
565 _overflow_list(NULL),
566 _stats(cmsGen),
567 _eden_chunk_array(NULL), // may be set in ctor body
568 _eden_chunk_capacity(0), // -- ditto --
569 _eden_chunk_index(0), // -- ditto --
570 _survivor_plab_array(NULL), // -- ditto --
571 _survivor_chunk_array(NULL), // -- ditto --
572 _survivor_chunk_capacity(0), // -- ditto --
573 _survivor_chunk_index(0), // -- ditto --
574 _ser_pmc_preclean_ovflw(0),
575 _ser_kac_preclean_ovflw(0),
576 _ser_pmc_remark_ovflw(0),
577 _par_pmc_remark_ovflw(0),
578 _ser_kac_ovflw(0),
579 _par_kac_ovflw(0),
580 #ifndef PRODUCT
581 _num_par_pushes(0),
582 #endif
583 _collection_count_start(0),
584 _verifying(false),
585 _icms_start_limit(NULL),
586 _icms_stop_limit(NULL),
587 _verification_mark_bm(0, Mutex::leaf + 1, "CMS_verification_mark_bm_lock"),
588 _completed_initialization(false),
589 _collector_policy(cp),
590 _should_unload_classes(false),
591 _concurrent_cycles_since_last_unload(0),
592 _roots_scanning_options(0),
593 _inter_sweep_estimate(CMS_SweepWeight, CMS_SweepPadding),
594 _intra_sweep_estimate(CMS_SweepWeight, CMS_SweepPadding)
595 {
596 if (ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses) {
597 ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent = true;
598 }
599 // Now expand the span and allocate the collection support structures
600 // (MUT, marking bit map etc.) to cover both generations subject to
601 // collection.
602
603 // For use by dirty card to oop closures.
604 _cmsGen->cmsSpace()->set_collector(this);
605
606 // Allocate MUT and marking bit map
607 {
608 MutexLockerEx x(_markBitMap.lock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
609 if (!_markBitMap.allocate(_span)) {
610 warning("Failed to allocate CMS Bit Map");
611 return;
612 }
613 assert(_markBitMap.covers(_span), "_markBitMap inconsistency?");
614 }
615 {
616 _modUnionTable.allocate(_span);
617 assert(_modUnionTable.covers(_span), "_modUnionTable inconsistency?");
618 }
619
620 if (!_markStack.allocate(MarkStackSize)) {
621 warning("Failed to allocate CMS Marking Stack");
622 return;
623 }
624
625 // Support for multi-threaded concurrent phases
626 if (CMSConcurrentMTEnabled) {
627 if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ConcGCThreads)) {
628 // just for now
629 FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ConcGCThreads, (ParallelGCThreads + 3)/4);
630 }
631 if (ConcGCThreads > 1) {
632 _conc_workers = new YieldingFlexibleWorkGang("Parallel CMS Threads",
633 ConcGCThreads, true);
634 if (_conc_workers == NULL) {
635 warning("GC/CMS: _conc_workers allocation failure: "
636 "forcing -CMSConcurrentMTEnabled");
637 CMSConcurrentMTEnabled = false;
638 } else {
639 _conc_workers->initialize_workers();
640 }
641 } else {
642 CMSConcurrentMTEnabled = false;
643 }
644 }
645 if (!CMSConcurrentMTEnabled) {
646 ConcGCThreads = 0;
647 } else {
648 // Turn off CMSCleanOnEnter optimization temporarily for
649 // the MT case where it's not fixed yet; see 6178663.
650 CMSCleanOnEnter = false;
651 }
652 assert((_conc_workers != NULL) == (ConcGCThreads > 1),
653 "Inconsistency");
654
655 // Parallel task queues; these are shared for the
656 // concurrent and stop-world phases of CMS, but
657 // are not shared with parallel scavenge (ParNew).
658 {
659 uint i;
660 uint num_queues = (uint) MAX2(ParallelGCThreads, ConcGCThreads);
661
662 if ((CMSParallelRemarkEnabled || CMSConcurrentMTEnabled
663 || ParallelRefProcEnabled)
664 && num_queues > 0) {
665 _task_queues = new OopTaskQueueSet(num_queues);
666 if (_task_queues == NULL) {
667 warning("task_queues allocation failure.");
668 return;
669 }
670 _hash_seed = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(int, num_queues, mtGC);
671 if (_hash_seed == NULL) {
672 warning("_hash_seed array allocation failure");
673 return;
674 }
675
676 typedef Padded<OopTaskQueue> PaddedOopTaskQueue;
677 for (i = 0; i < num_queues; i++) {
678 PaddedOopTaskQueue *q = new PaddedOopTaskQueue();
679 if (q == NULL) {
680 warning("work_queue allocation failure.");
681 return;
682 }
683 _task_queues->register_queue(i, q);
684 }
685 for (i = 0; i < num_queues; i++) {
686 _task_queues->queue(i)->initialize();
687 _hash_seed[i] = 17; // copied from ParNew
688 }
689 }
690 }
691
692 _cmsGen ->init_initiating_occupancy(CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction, CMSTriggerRatio);
693
694 // Clip CMSBootstrapOccupancy between 0 and 100.
695 _bootstrap_occupancy = ((double)CMSBootstrapOccupancy)/(double)100;
696
697 _full_gcs_since_conc_gc = 0;
698
699 // Now tell CMS generations the identity of their collector
700 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::set_collector(this);
701
702 // Create & start a CMS thread for this CMS collector
703 _cmsThread = ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::start(this);
704 assert(cmsThread() != NULL, "CMS Thread should have been created");
705 assert(cmsThread()->collector() == this,
706 "CMS Thread should refer to this gen");
707 assert(CGC_lock != NULL, "Where's the CGC_lock?");
708
709 // Support for parallelizing young gen rescan
710 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
711 _young_gen = gch->prev_gen(_cmsGen);
712 if (gch->supports_inline_contig_alloc()) {
713 _top_addr = gch->top_addr();
714 _end_addr = gch->end_addr();
715 assert(_young_gen != NULL, "no _young_gen");
716 _eden_chunk_index = 0;
717 _eden_chunk_capacity = (_young_gen->max_capacity()+CMSSamplingGrain)/CMSSamplingGrain;
718 _eden_chunk_array = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(HeapWord*, _eden_chunk_capacity, mtGC);
719 if (_eden_chunk_array == NULL) {
720 _eden_chunk_capacity = 0;
721 warning("GC/CMS: _eden_chunk_array allocation failure");
722 }
723 }
724 assert(_eden_chunk_array != NULL || _eden_chunk_capacity == 0, "Error");
725
726 // Support for parallelizing survivor space rescan
727 if (CMSParallelRemarkEnabled && CMSParallelSurvivorRemarkEnabled) {
728 const size_t max_plab_samples =
729 ((DefNewGeneration*)_young_gen)->max_survivor_size()/MinTLABSize;
730
731 _survivor_plab_array = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(ChunkArray, ParallelGCThreads, mtGC);
732 _survivor_chunk_array = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(HeapWord*, 2*max_plab_samples, mtGC);
733 _cursor = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(size_t, ParallelGCThreads, mtGC);
734 if (_survivor_plab_array == NULL || _survivor_chunk_array == NULL
735 || _cursor == NULL) {
736 warning("Failed to allocate survivor plab/chunk array");
737 if (_survivor_plab_array != NULL) {
738 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(ChunkArray, _survivor_plab_array, mtGC);
739 _survivor_plab_array = NULL;
740 }
741 if (_survivor_chunk_array != NULL) {
742 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(HeapWord*, _survivor_chunk_array, mtGC);
743 _survivor_chunk_array = NULL;
744 }
745 if (_cursor != NULL) {
746 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(size_t, _cursor, mtGC);
747 _cursor = NULL;
748 }
749 } else {
750 _survivor_chunk_capacity = 2*max_plab_samples;
751 for (uint i = 0; i < ParallelGCThreads; i++) {
752 HeapWord** vec = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(HeapWord*, max_plab_samples, mtGC);
753 if (vec == NULL) {
754 warning("Failed to allocate survivor plab array");
755 for (int j = i; j > 0; j--) {
756 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(HeapWord*, _survivor_plab_array[j-1].array(), mtGC);
757 }
758 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(ChunkArray, _survivor_plab_array, mtGC);
759 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(HeapWord*, _survivor_chunk_array, mtGC);
760 _survivor_plab_array = NULL;
761 _survivor_chunk_array = NULL;
762 _survivor_chunk_capacity = 0;
763 break;
764 } else {
765 ChunkArray* cur =
766 ::new (&_survivor_plab_array[i]) ChunkArray(vec,
767 max_plab_samples);
768 assert(cur->end() == 0, "Should be 0");
769 assert(cur->array() == vec, "Should be vec");
770 assert(cur->capacity() == max_plab_samples, "Error");
771 }
772 }
773 }
774 }
775 assert( ( _survivor_plab_array != NULL
776 && _survivor_chunk_array != NULL)
777 || ( _survivor_chunk_capacity == 0
778 && _survivor_chunk_index == 0),
779 "Error");
780
781 // Choose what strong roots should be scanned depending on verification options
782 if (!CMSClassUnloadingEnabled) {
783 // If class unloading is disabled we want to include all classes into the root set.
784 add_root_scanning_option(SharedHeap::SO_AllClasses);
785 } else {
786 add_root_scanning_option(SharedHeap::SO_SystemClasses);
787 }
788
789 NOT_PRODUCT(_overflow_counter = CMSMarkStackOverflowInterval;)
790 _gc_counters = new CollectorCounters("CMS", 1);
791 _completed_initialization = true;
792 _inter_sweep_timer.start(); // start of time
793 }
794
795 const char* ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::name() const {
796 return "concurrent mark-sweep generation";
797 }
798 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::update_counters() {
799 if (UsePerfData) {
800 _space_counters->update_all();
801 _gen_counters->update_all();
802 }
803 }
804
805 // this is an optimized version of update_counters(). it takes the
806 // used value as a parameter rather than computing it.
807 //
808 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::update_counters(size_t used) {
809 if (UsePerfData) {
810 _space_counters->update_used(used);
811 _space_counters->update_capacity();
812 _gen_counters->update_all();
813 }
814 }
815
816 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::print() const {
817 Generation::print();
818 cmsSpace()->print();
819 }
820
821 #ifndef PRODUCT
822 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::print_statistics() {
823 cmsSpace()->printFLCensus(0);
824 }
825 #endif
826
827 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::printOccupancy(const char *s) {
828 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
829 if (PrintGCDetails) {
830 if (Verbose) {
831 gclog_or_tty->print("[%d %s-%s: "SIZE_FORMAT"("SIZE_FORMAT")]",
832 level(), short_name(), s, used(), capacity());
833 } else {
834 gclog_or_tty->print("[%d %s-%s: "SIZE_FORMAT"K("SIZE_FORMAT"K)]",
835 level(), short_name(), s, used() / K, capacity() / K);
836 }
837 }
838 if (Verbose) {
839 gclog_or_tty->print(" "SIZE_FORMAT"("SIZE_FORMAT")",
840 gch->used(), gch->capacity());
841 } else {
842 gclog_or_tty->print(" "SIZE_FORMAT"K("SIZE_FORMAT"K)",
843 gch->used() / K, gch->capacity() / K);
844 }
845 }
846
847 size_t
848 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::contiguous_available() const {
849 // dld proposes an improvement in precision here. If the committed
850 // part of the space ends in a free block we should add that to
851 // uncommitted size in the calculation below. Will make this
852 // change later, staying with the approximation below for the
853 // time being. -- ysr.
854 return MAX2(_virtual_space.uncommitted_size(), unsafe_max_alloc_nogc());
855 }
856
857 size_t
858 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::unsafe_max_alloc_nogc() const {
859 return _cmsSpace->max_alloc_in_words() * HeapWordSize;
860 }
861
862 size_t ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::max_available() const {
863 return free() + _virtual_space.uncommitted_size();
864 }
865
866 bool ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::promotion_attempt_is_safe(size_t max_promotion_in_bytes) const {
867 size_t available = max_available();
868 size_t av_promo = (size_t)gc_stats()->avg_promoted()->padded_average();
869 bool res = (available >= av_promo) || (available >= max_promotion_in_bytes);
870 if (Verbose && PrintGCDetails) {
871 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(
872 "CMS: promo attempt is%s safe: available("SIZE_FORMAT") %s av_promo("SIZE_FORMAT"),"
873 "max_promo("SIZE_FORMAT")",
874 res? "":" not", available, res? ">=":"<",
875 av_promo, max_promotion_in_bytes);
876 }
877 return res;
878 }
879
880 // At a promotion failure dump information on block layout in heap
881 // (cms old generation).
882 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::promotion_failure_occurred() {
883 if (CMSDumpAtPromotionFailure) {
884 cmsSpace()->dump_at_safepoint_with_locks(collector(), gclog_or_tty);
885 }
886 }
887
888 CompactibleSpace*
889 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::first_compaction_space() const {
890 return _cmsSpace;
891 }
892
893 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::reset_after_compaction() {
894 // Clear the promotion information. These pointers can be adjusted
895 // along with all the other pointers into the heap but
896 // compaction is expected to be a rare event with
897 // a heap using cms so don't do it without seeing the need.
898 if (CollectedHeap::use_parallel_gc_threads()) {
899 for (uint i = 0; i < ParallelGCThreads; i++) {
900 _par_gc_thread_states[i]->promo.reset();
901 }
902 }
903 }
904
905 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::space_iterate(SpaceClosure* blk, bool usedOnly) {
906 blk->do_space(_cmsSpace);
907 }
908
909 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::compute_new_size() {
910 assert_locked_or_safepoint(Heap_lock);
911
912 // If incremental collection failed, we just want to expand
913 // to the limit.
914 if (incremental_collection_failed()) {
915 clear_incremental_collection_failed();
916 grow_to_reserved();
917 return;
918 }
919
920 // The heap has been compacted but not reset yet.
921 // Any metric such as free() or used() will be incorrect.
922
923 CardGeneration::compute_new_size();
924
925 // Reset again after a possible resizing
926 if (did_compact()) {
927 cmsSpace()->reset_after_compaction();
928 }
929 }
930
931 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::compute_new_size_free_list() {
932 assert_locked_or_safepoint(Heap_lock);
933
934 // If incremental collection failed, we just want to expand
935 // to the limit.
936 if (incremental_collection_failed()) {
937 clear_incremental_collection_failed();
938 grow_to_reserved();
939 return;
940 }
941
942 double free_percentage = ((double) free()) / capacity();
943 double desired_free_percentage = (double) MinHeapFreeRatio / 100;
944 double maximum_free_percentage = (double) MaxHeapFreeRatio / 100;
945
946 // compute expansion delta needed for reaching desired free percentage
947 if (free_percentage < desired_free_percentage) {
948 size_t desired_capacity = (size_t)(used() / ((double) 1 - desired_free_percentage));
949 assert(desired_capacity >= capacity(), "invalid expansion size");
950 size_t expand_bytes = MAX2(desired_capacity - capacity(), MinHeapDeltaBytes);
951 if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
952 size_t desired_capacity = (size_t)(used() / ((double) 1 - desired_free_percentage));
953 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("\nFrom compute_new_size: ");
954 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" Free fraction %f", free_percentage);
955 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" Desired free fraction %f",
956 desired_free_percentage);
957 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" Maximum free fraction %f",
958 maximum_free_percentage);
959 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" Capactiy "SIZE_FORMAT, capacity()/1000);
960 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" Desired capacity "SIZE_FORMAT,
961 desired_capacity/1000);
962 int prev_level = level() - 1;
963 if (prev_level >= 0) {
964 size_t prev_size = 0;
965 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
966 Generation* prev_gen = gch->_gens[prev_level];
967 prev_size = prev_gen->capacity();
968 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" Younger gen size "SIZE_FORMAT,
969 prev_size/1000);
970 }
971 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" unsafe_max_alloc_nogc "SIZE_FORMAT,
972 unsafe_max_alloc_nogc()/1000);
973 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" contiguous available "SIZE_FORMAT,
974 contiguous_available()/1000);
975 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" Expand by "SIZE_FORMAT" (bytes)",
976 expand_bytes);
977 }
978 // safe if expansion fails
979 expand(expand_bytes, 0, CMSExpansionCause::_satisfy_free_ratio);
980 if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
981 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" Expanded free fraction %f",
982 ((double) free()) / capacity());
983 }
984 } else {
985 size_t desired_capacity = (size_t)(used() / ((double) 1 - desired_free_percentage));
986 assert(desired_capacity <= capacity(), "invalid expansion size");
987 size_t shrink_bytes = capacity() - desired_capacity;
988 // Don't shrink unless the delta is greater than the minimum shrink we want
989 if (shrink_bytes >= MinHeapDeltaBytes) {
990 shrink_free_list_by(shrink_bytes);
991 }
992 }
993 }
994
995 Mutex* ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::freelistLock() const {
996 return cmsSpace()->freelistLock();
997 }
998
999 HeapWord* ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::allocate(size_t size,
1000 bool tlab) {
1001 CMSSynchronousYieldRequest yr;
1002 MutexLockerEx x(freelistLock(),
1003 Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1004 return have_lock_and_allocate(size, tlab);
1005 }
1006
1007 HeapWord* ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::have_lock_and_allocate(size_t size,
1008 bool tlab /* ignored */) {
1009 assert_lock_strong(freelistLock());
1010 size_t adjustedSize = CompactibleFreeListSpace::adjustObjectSize(size);
1011 HeapWord* res = cmsSpace()->allocate(adjustedSize);
1012 // Allocate the object live (grey) if the background collector has
1013 // started marking. This is necessary because the marker may
1014 // have passed this address and consequently this object will
1015 // not otherwise be greyed and would be incorrectly swept up.
1016 // Note that if this object contains references, the writing
1017 // of those references will dirty the card containing this object
1018 // allowing the object to be blackened (and its references scanned)
1019 // either during a preclean phase or at the final checkpoint.
1020 if (res != NULL) {
1021 // We may block here with an uninitialized object with
1022 // its mark-bit or P-bits not yet set. Such objects need
1023 // to be safely navigable by block_start().
1024 assert(oop(res)->klass_or_null() == NULL, "Object should be uninitialized here.");
1025 assert(!((FreeChunk*)res)->is_free(), "Error, block will look free but show wrong size");
1026 collector()->direct_allocated(res, adjustedSize);
1027 _direct_allocated_words += adjustedSize;
1028 // allocation counters
1029 NOT_PRODUCT(
1030 _numObjectsAllocated++;
1031 _numWordsAllocated += (int)adjustedSize;
1032 )
1033 }
1034 return res;
1035 }
1036
1037 // In the case of direct allocation by mutators in a generation that
1038 // is being concurrently collected, the object must be allocated
1039 // live (grey) if the background collector has started marking.
1040 // This is necessary because the marker may
1041 // have passed this address and consequently this object will
1042 // not otherwise be greyed and would be incorrectly swept up.
1043 // Note that if this object contains references, the writing
1044 // of those references will dirty the card containing this object
1045 // allowing the object to be blackened (and its references scanned)
1046 // either during a preclean phase or at the final checkpoint.
1047 void CMSCollector::direct_allocated(HeapWord* start, size_t size) {
1048 assert(_markBitMap.covers(start, size), "Out of bounds");
1049 if (_collectorState >= Marking) {
1050 MutexLockerEx y(_markBitMap.lock(),
1051 Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1052 // [see comments preceding SweepClosure::do_blk() below for details]
1053 //
1054 // Can the P-bits be deleted now? JJJ
1055 //
1056 // 1. need to mark the object as live so it isn't collected
1057 // 2. need to mark the 2nd bit to indicate the object may be uninitialized
1058 // 3. need to mark the end of the object so marking, precleaning or sweeping
1059 // can skip over uninitialized or unparsable objects. An allocated
1060 // object is considered uninitialized for our purposes as long as
1061 // its klass word is NULL. All old gen objects are parsable
1062 // as soon as they are initialized.)
1063 _markBitMap.mark(start); // object is live
1064 _markBitMap.mark(start + 1); // object is potentially uninitialized?
1065 _markBitMap.mark(start + size - 1);
1066 // mark end of object
1067 }
1068 // check that oop looks uninitialized
1069 assert(oop(start)->klass_or_null() == NULL, "_klass should be NULL");
1070 }
1071
1072 void CMSCollector::promoted(bool par, HeapWord* start,
1073 bool is_obj_array, size_t obj_size) {
1074 assert(_markBitMap.covers(start), "Out of bounds");
1075 // See comment in direct_allocated() about when objects should
1076 // be allocated live.
1077 if (_collectorState >= Marking) {
1078 // we already hold the marking bit map lock, taken in
1079 // the prologue
1080 if (par) {
1081 _markBitMap.par_mark(start);
1082 } else {
1083 _markBitMap.mark(start);
1084 }
1085 // We don't need to mark the object as uninitialized (as
1086 // in direct_allocated above) because this is being done with the
1087 // world stopped and the object will be initialized by the
1088 // time the marking, precleaning or sweeping get to look at it.
1089 // But see the code for copying objects into the CMS generation,
1090 // where we need to ensure that concurrent readers of the
1091 // block offset table are able to safely navigate a block that
1092 // is in flux from being free to being allocated (and in
1093 // transition while being copied into) and subsequently
1094 // becoming a bona-fide object when the copy/promotion is complete.
1095 assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(),
1096 "expect promotion only at safepoints");
1097
1098 if (_collectorState < Sweeping) {
1099 // Mark the appropriate cards in the modUnionTable, so that
1100 // this object gets scanned before the sweep. If this is
1101 // not done, CMS generation references in the object might
1102 // not get marked.
1103 // For the case of arrays, which are otherwise precisely
1104 // marked, we need to dirty the entire array, not just its head.
1105 if (is_obj_array) {
1106 // The [par_]mark_range() method expects mr.end() below to
1107 // be aligned to the granularity of a bit's representation
1108 // in the heap. In the case of the MUT below, that's a
1109 // card size.
1110 MemRegion mr(start,
1111 (HeapWord*)round_to((intptr_t)(start + obj_size),
1112 CardTableModRefBS::card_size /* bytes */));
1113 if (par) {
1114 _modUnionTable.par_mark_range(mr);
1115 } else {
1116 _modUnionTable.mark_range(mr);
1117 }
1118 } else { // not an obj array; we can just mark the head
1119 if (par) {
1120 _modUnionTable.par_mark(start);
1121 } else {
1122 _modUnionTable.mark(start);
1123 }
1124 }
1125 }
1126 }
1127 }
1128
1129 static inline size_t percent_of_space(Space* space, HeapWord* addr)
1130 {
1131 size_t delta = pointer_delta(addr, space->bottom());
1132 return (size_t)(delta * 100.0 / (space->capacity() / HeapWordSize));
1133 }
1134
1135 void CMSCollector::icms_update_allocation_limits()
1136 {
1137 Generation* gen0 = GenCollectedHeap::heap()->get_gen(0);
1138 EdenSpace* eden = gen0->as_DefNewGeneration()->eden();
1139
1140 const unsigned int duty_cycle = stats().icms_update_duty_cycle();
1141 if (CMSTraceIncrementalPacing) {
1142 stats().print();
1143 }
1144
1145 assert(duty_cycle <= 100, "invalid duty cycle");
1146 if (duty_cycle != 0) {
1147 // The duty_cycle is a percentage between 0 and 100; convert to words and
1148 // then compute the offset from the endpoints of the space.
1149 size_t free_words = eden->free() / HeapWordSize;
1150 double free_words_dbl = (double)free_words;
1151 size_t duty_cycle_words = (size_t)(free_words_dbl * duty_cycle / 100.0);
1152 size_t offset_words = (free_words - duty_cycle_words) / 2;
1153
1154 _icms_start_limit = eden->top() + offset_words;
1155 _icms_stop_limit = eden->end() - offset_words;
1156
1157 // The limits may be adjusted (shifted to the right) by
1158 // CMSIncrementalOffset, to allow the application more mutator time after a
1159 // young gen gc (when all mutators were stopped) and before CMS starts and
1160 // takes away one or more cpus.
1161 if (CMSIncrementalOffset != 0) {
1162 double adjustment_dbl = free_words_dbl * CMSIncrementalOffset / 100.0;
1163 size_t adjustment = (size_t)adjustment_dbl;
1164 HeapWord* tmp_stop = _icms_stop_limit + adjustment;
1165 if (tmp_stop > _icms_stop_limit && tmp_stop < eden->end()) {
1166 _icms_start_limit += adjustment;
1167 _icms_stop_limit = tmp_stop;
1168 }
1169 }
1170 }
1171 if (duty_cycle == 0 || (_icms_start_limit == _icms_stop_limit)) {
1172 _icms_start_limit = _icms_stop_limit = eden->end();
1173 }
1174
1175 // Install the new start limit.
1176 eden->set_soft_end(_icms_start_limit);
1177
1178 if (CMSTraceIncrementalMode) {
1179 gclog_or_tty->print(" icms alloc limits: "
1180 PTR_FORMAT "," PTR_FORMAT
1181 " (" SIZE_FORMAT "%%," SIZE_FORMAT "%%) ",
1182 _icms_start_limit, _icms_stop_limit,
1183 percent_of_space(eden, _icms_start_limit),
1184 percent_of_space(eden, _icms_stop_limit));
1185 if (Verbose) {
1186 gclog_or_tty->print("eden: ");
1187 eden->print_on(gclog_or_tty);
1188 }
1189 }
1190 }
1191
1192 // Any changes here should try to maintain the invariant
1193 // that if this method is called with _icms_start_limit
1194 // and _icms_stop_limit both NULL, then it should return NULL
1195 // and not notify the icms thread.
1196 HeapWord*
1197 CMSCollector::allocation_limit_reached(Space* space, HeapWord* top,
1198 size_t word_size)
1199 {
1200 // A start_limit equal to end() means the duty cycle is 0, so treat that as a
1201 // nop.
1202 if (CMSIncrementalMode && _icms_start_limit != space->end()) {
1203 if (top <= _icms_start_limit) {
1204 if (CMSTraceIncrementalMode) {
1205 space->print_on(gclog_or_tty);
1206 gclog_or_tty->stamp();
1207 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" start limit top=" PTR_FORMAT
1208 ", new limit=" PTR_FORMAT
1209 " (" SIZE_FORMAT "%%)",
1210 top, _icms_stop_limit,
1211 percent_of_space(space, _icms_stop_limit));
1212 }
1213 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::start_icms();
1214 assert(top < _icms_stop_limit, "Tautology");
1215 if (word_size < pointer_delta(_icms_stop_limit, top)) {
1216 return _icms_stop_limit;
1217 }
1218
1219 // The allocation will cross both the _start and _stop limits, so do the
1220 // stop notification also and return end().
1221 if (CMSTraceIncrementalMode) {
1222 space->print_on(gclog_or_tty);
1223 gclog_or_tty->stamp();
1224 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" +stop limit top=" PTR_FORMAT
1225 ", new limit=" PTR_FORMAT
1226 " (" SIZE_FORMAT "%%)",
1227 top, space->end(),
1228 percent_of_space(space, space->end()));
1229 }
1230 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::stop_icms();
1231 return space->end();
1232 }
1233
1234 if (top <= _icms_stop_limit) {
1235 if (CMSTraceIncrementalMode) {
1236 space->print_on(gclog_or_tty);
1237 gclog_or_tty->stamp();
1238 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" stop limit top=" PTR_FORMAT
1239 ", new limit=" PTR_FORMAT
1240 " (" SIZE_FORMAT "%%)",
1241 top, space->end(),
1242 percent_of_space(space, space->end()));
1243 }
1244 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::stop_icms();
1245 return space->end();
1246 }
1247
1248 if (CMSTraceIncrementalMode) {
1249 space->print_on(gclog_or_tty);
1250 gclog_or_tty->stamp();
1251 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" end limit top=" PTR_FORMAT
1252 ", new limit=" PTR_FORMAT,
1253 top, NULL);
1254 }
1255 }
1256
1257 return NULL;
1258 }
1259
1260 oop ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::promote(oop obj, size_t obj_size) {
1261 assert(obj_size == (size_t)obj->size(), "bad obj_size passed in");
1262 // allocate, copy and if necessary update promoinfo --
1263 // delegate to underlying space.
1264 assert_lock_strong(freelistLock());
1265
1266 #ifndef PRODUCT
1267 if (Universe::heap()->promotion_should_fail()) {
1268 return NULL;
1269 }
1270 #endif // #ifndef PRODUCT
1271
1272 oop res = _cmsSpace->promote(obj, obj_size);
1273 if (res == NULL) {
1274 // expand and retry
1275 size_t s = _cmsSpace->expansionSpaceRequired(obj_size); // HeapWords
1276 expand(s*HeapWordSize, MinHeapDeltaBytes,
1277 CMSExpansionCause::_satisfy_promotion);
1278 // Since there's currently no next generation, we don't try to promote
1279 // into a more senior generation.
1280 assert(next_gen() == NULL, "assumption, based upon which no attempt "
1281 "is made to pass on a possibly failing "
1282 "promotion to next generation");
1283 res = _cmsSpace->promote(obj, obj_size);
1284 }
1285 if (res != NULL) {
1286 // See comment in allocate() about when objects should
1287 // be allocated live.
1288 assert(obj->is_oop(), "Will dereference klass pointer below");
1289 collector()->promoted(false, // Not parallel
1290 (HeapWord*)res, obj->is_objArray(), obj_size);
1291 // promotion counters
1292 NOT_PRODUCT(
1293 _numObjectsPromoted++;
1294 _numWordsPromoted +=
1295 (int)(CompactibleFreeListSpace::adjustObjectSize(obj->size()));
1296 )
1297 }
1298 return res;
1299 }
1300
1301
1302 HeapWord*
1303 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::allocation_limit_reached(Space* space,
1304 HeapWord* top,
1305 size_t word_sz)
1306 {
1307 return collector()->allocation_limit_reached(space, top, word_sz);
1308 }
1309
1310 // IMPORTANT: Notes on object size recognition in CMS.
1311 // ---------------------------------------------------
1312 // A block of storage in the CMS generation is always in
1313 // one of three states. A free block (FREE), an allocated
1314 // object (OBJECT) whose size() method reports the correct size,
1315 // and an intermediate state (TRANSIENT) in which its size cannot
1316 // be accurately determined.
1317 // STATE IDENTIFICATION: (32 bit and 64 bit w/o COOPS)
1318 // -----------------------------------------------------
1319 // FREE: klass_word & 1 == 1; mark_word holds block size
1320 //
1321 // OBJECT: klass_word installed; klass_word != 0 && klass_word & 1 == 0;
1322 // obj->size() computes correct size
1323 //
1324 // TRANSIENT: klass_word == 0; size is indeterminate until we become an OBJECT
1325 //
1326 // STATE IDENTIFICATION: (64 bit+COOPS)
1327 // ------------------------------------
1328 // FREE: mark_word & CMS_FREE_BIT == 1; mark_word & ~CMS_FREE_BIT gives block_size
1329 //
1330 // OBJECT: klass_word installed; klass_word != 0;
1331 // obj->size() computes correct size
1332 //
1333 // TRANSIENT: klass_word == 0; size is indeterminate until we become an OBJECT
1334 //
1335 //
1336 // STATE TRANSITION DIAGRAM
1337 //
1338 // mut / parnew mut / parnew
1339 // FREE --------------------> TRANSIENT ---------------------> OBJECT --|
1340 // ^ |
1341 // |------------------------ DEAD <------------------------------------|
1342 // sweep mut
1343 //
1344 // While a block is in TRANSIENT state its size cannot be determined
1345 // so readers will either need to come back later or stall until
1346 // the size can be determined. Note that for the case of direct
1347 // allocation, P-bits, when available, may be used to determine the
1348 // size of an object that may not yet have been initialized.
1349
1350 // Things to support parallel young-gen collection.
1351 oop
1352 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::par_promote(int thread_num,
1353 oop old, markOop m,
1354 size_t word_sz) {
1355 #ifndef PRODUCT
1356 if (Universe::heap()->promotion_should_fail()) {
1357 return NULL;
1358 }
1359 #endif // #ifndef PRODUCT
1360
1361 CMSParGCThreadState* ps = _par_gc_thread_states[thread_num];
1362 PromotionInfo* promoInfo = &ps->promo;
1363 // if we are tracking promotions, then first ensure space for
1364 // promotion (including spooling space for saving header if necessary).
1365 // then allocate and copy, then track promoted info if needed.
1366 // When tracking (see PromotionInfo::track()), the mark word may
1367 // be displaced and in this case restoration of the mark word
1368 // occurs in the (oop_since_save_marks_)iterate phase.
1369 if (promoInfo->tracking() && !promoInfo->ensure_spooling_space()) {
1370 // Out of space for allocating spooling buffers;
1371 // try expanding and allocating spooling buffers.
1372 if (!expand_and_ensure_spooling_space(promoInfo)) {
1373 return NULL;
1374 }
1375 }
1376 assert(promoInfo->has_spooling_space(), "Control point invariant");
1377 const size_t alloc_sz = CompactibleFreeListSpace::adjustObjectSize(word_sz);
1378 HeapWord* obj_ptr = ps->lab.alloc(alloc_sz);
1379 if (obj_ptr == NULL) {
1380 obj_ptr = expand_and_par_lab_allocate(ps, alloc_sz);
1381 if (obj_ptr == NULL) {
1382 return NULL;
1383 }
1384 }
1385 oop obj = oop(obj_ptr);
1386 OrderAccess::storestore();
1387 assert(obj->klass_or_null() == NULL, "Object should be uninitialized here.");
1388 assert(!((FreeChunk*)obj_ptr)->is_free(), "Error, block will look free but show wrong size");
1389 // IMPORTANT: See note on object initialization for CMS above.
1390 // Otherwise, copy the object. Here we must be careful to insert the
1391 // klass pointer last, since this marks the block as an allocated object.
1392 // Except with compressed oops it's the mark word.
1393 HeapWord* old_ptr = (HeapWord*)old;
1394 // Restore the mark word copied above.
1395 obj->set_mark(m);
1396 assert(obj->klass_or_null() == NULL, "Object should be uninitialized here.");
1397 assert(!((FreeChunk*)obj_ptr)->is_free(), "Error, block will look free but show wrong size");
1398 OrderAccess::storestore();
1399
1400 if (UseCompressedKlassPointers) {
1401 // Copy gap missed by (aligned) header size calculation below
1402 obj->set_klass_gap(old->klass_gap());
1403 }
1404 if (word_sz > (size_t)oopDesc::header_size()) {
1405 Copy::aligned_disjoint_words(old_ptr + oopDesc::header_size(),
1406 obj_ptr + oopDesc::header_size(),
1407 word_sz - oopDesc::header_size());
1408 }
1409
1410 // Now we can track the promoted object, if necessary. We take care
1411 // to delay the transition from uninitialized to full object
1412 // (i.e., insertion of klass pointer) until after, so that it
1413 // atomically becomes a promoted object.
1414 if (promoInfo->tracking()) {
1415 promoInfo->track((PromotedObject*)obj, old->klass());
1416 }
1417 assert(obj->klass_or_null() == NULL, "Object should be uninitialized here.");
1418 assert(!((FreeChunk*)obj_ptr)->is_free(), "Error, block will look free but show wrong size");
1419 assert(old->is_oop(), "Will use and dereference old klass ptr below");
1420
1421 // Finally, install the klass pointer (this should be volatile).
1422 OrderAccess::storestore();
1423 obj->set_klass(old->klass());
1424 // We should now be able to calculate the right size for this object
1425 assert(obj->is_oop() && obj->size() == (int)word_sz, "Error, incorrect size computed for promoted object");
1426
1427 collector()->promoted(true, // parallel
1428 obj_ptr, old->is_objArray(), word_sz);
1429
1430 NOT_PRODUCT(
1431 Atomic::inc_ptr(&_numObjectsPromoted);
1432 Atomic::add_ptr(alloc_sz, &_numWordsPromoted);
1433 )
1434
1435 return obj;
1436 }
1437
1438 void
1439 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::
1440 par_promote_alloc_undo(int thread_num,
1441 HeapWord* obj, size_t word_sz) {
1442 // CMS does not support promotion undo.
1443 ShouldNotReachHere();
1444 }
1445
1446 void
1447 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::
1448 par_promote_alloc_done(int thread_num) {
1449 CMSParGCThreadState* ps = _par_gc_thread_states[thread_num];
1450 ps->lab.retire(thread_num);
1451 }
1452
1453 void
1454 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::
1455 par_oop_since_save_marks_iterate_done(int thread_num) {
1456 CMSParGCThreadState* ps = _par_gc_thread_states[thread_num];
1457 ParScanWithoutBarrierClosure* dummy_cl = NULL;
1458 ps->promo.promoted_oops_iterate_nv(dummy_cl);
1459 }
1460
1461 bool ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::should_collect(bool full,
1462 size_t size,
1463 bool tlab)
1464 {
1465 // We allow a STW collection only if a full
1466 // collection was requested.
1467 return full || should_allocate(size, tlab); // FIX ME !!!
1468 // This and promotion failure handling are connected at the
1469 // hip and should be fixed by untying them.
1470 }
1471
1472 bool CMSCollector::shouldConcurrentCollect() {
1473 if (_full_gc_requested) {
1474 if (Verbose && PrintGCDetails) {
1475 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("CMSCollector: collect because of explicit "
1476 " gc request (or gc_locker)");
1477 }
1478 return true;
1479 }
1480
1481 // For debugging purposes, change the type of collection.
1482 // If the rotation is not on the concurrent collection
1483 // type, don't start a concurrent collection.
1484 NOT_PRODUCT(
1485 if (RotateCMSCollectionTypes &&
1486 (_cmsGen->debug_collection_type() !=
1487 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::Concurrent_collection_type)) {
1488 assert(_cmsGen->debug_collection_type() !=
1489 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::Unknown_collection_type,
1490 "Bad cms collection type");
1491 return false;
1492 }
1493 )
1494
1495 FreelistLocker x(this);
1496 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
1497 // Print out lots of information which affects the initiation of
1498 // a collection.
1499 if (PrintCMSInitiationStatistics && stats().valid()) {
1500 gclog_or_tty->print("CMSCollector shouldConcurrentCollect: ");
1501 gclog_or_tty->stamp();
1502 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("");
1503 stats().print_on(gclog_or_tty);
1504 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("time_until_cms_gen_full %3.7f",
1505 stats().time_until_cms_gen_full());
1506 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("free="SIZE_FORMAT, _cmsGen->free());
1507 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("contiguous_available="SIZE_FORMAT,
1508 _cmsGen->contiguous_available());
1509 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("promotion_rate=%g", stats().promotion_rate());
1510 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("cms_allocation_rate=%g", stats().cms_allocation_rate());
1511 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("occupancy=%3.7f", _cmsGen->occupancy());
1512 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("initiatingOccupancy=%3.7f", _cmsGen->initiating_occupancy());
1513 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("metadata initialized %d",
1514 MetaspaceGC::should_concurrent_collect());
1515 }
1516 // ------------------------------------------------------------------
1517
1518 // If the estimated time to complete a cms collection (cms_duration())
1519 // is less than the estimated time remaining until the cms generation
1520 // is full, start a collection.
1521 if (!UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly) {
1522 if (stats().valid()) {
1523 if (stats().time_until_cms_start() == 0.0) {
1524 return true;
1525 }
1526 } else {
1527 // We want to conservatively collect somewhat early in order
1528 // to try and "bootstrap" our CMS/promotion statistics;
1529 // this branch will not fire after the first successful CMS
1530 // collection because the stats should then be valid.
1531 if (_cmsGen->occupancy() >= _bootstrap_occupancy) {
1532 if (Verbose && PrintGCDetails) {
1533 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(
1534 " CMSCollector: collect for bootstrapping statistics:"
1535 " occupancy = %f, boot occupancy = %f", _cmsGen->occupancy(),
1536 _bootstrap_occupancy);
1537 }
1538 return true;
1539 }
1540 }
1541 }
1542
1543 // Otherwise, we start a collection cycle if
1544 // old gen want a collection cycle started. Each may use
1545 // an appropriate criterion for making this decision.
1546 // XXX We need to make sure that the gen expansion
1547 // criterion dovetails well with this. XXX NEED TO FIX THIS
1548 if (_cmsGen->should_concurrent_collect()) {
1549 if (Verbose && PrintGCDetails) {
1550 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("CMS old gen initiated");
1551 }
1552 return true;
1553 }
1554
1555 // We start a collection if we believe an incremental collection may fail;
1556 // this is not likely to be productive in practice because it's probably too
1557 // late anyway.
1558 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
1559 assert(gch->collector_policy()->is_two_generation_policy(),
1560 "You may want to check the correctness of the following");
1561 if (gch->incremental_collection_will_fail(true /* consult_young */)) {
1562 if (Verbose && PrintGCDetails) {
1563 gclog_or_tty->print("CMSCollector: collect because incremental collection will fail ");
1564 }
1565 return true;
1566 }
1567
1568 if (MetaspaceGC::should_concurrent_collect()) {
1569 if (Verbose && PrintGCDetails) {
1570 gclog_or_tty->print("CMSCollector: collect for metadata allocation ");
1571 }
1572 return true;
1573 }
1574
1575 return false;
1576 }
1577
1578 void CMSCollector::set_did_compact(bool v) { _cmsGen->set_did_compact(v); }
1579
1580 // Clear _expansion_cause fields of constituent generations
1581 void CMSCollector::clear_expansion_cause() {
1582 _cmsGen->clear_expansion_cause();
1583 }
1584
1585 // We should be conservative in starting a collection cycle. To
1586 // start too eagerly runs the risk of collecting too often in the
1587 // extreme. To collect too rarely falls back on full collections,
1588 // which works, even if not optimum in terms of concurrent work.
1589 // As a work around for too eagerly collecting, use the flag
1590 // UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly. This also has the advantage of
1591 // giving the user an easily understandable way of controlling the
1592 // collections.
1593 // We want to start a new collection cycle if any of the following
1594 // conditions hold:
1595 // . our current occupancy exceeds the configured initiating occupancy
1596 // for this generation, or
1597 // . we recently needed to expand this space and have not, since that
1598 // expansion, done a collection of this generation, or
1599 // . the underlying space believes that it may be a good idea to initiate
1600 // a concurrent collection (this may be based on criteria such as the
1601 // following: the space uses linear allocation and linear allocation is
1602 // going to fail, or there is believed to be excessive fragmentation in
1603 // the generation, etc... or ...
1604 // [.(currently done by CMSCollector::shouldConcurrentCollect() only for
1605 // the case of the old generation; see CR 6543076):
1606 // we may be approaching a point at which allocation requests may fail because
1607 // we will be out of sufficient free space given allocation rate estimates.]
1608 bool ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::should_concurrent_collect() const {
1609
1610 assert_lock_strong(freelistLock());
1611 if (occupancy() > initiating_occupancy()) {
1612 if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1613 gclog_or_tty->print(" %s: collect because of occupancy %f / %f ",
1614 short_name(), occupancy(), initiating_occupancy());
1615 }
1616 return true;
1617 }
1618 if (UseCMSInitiatingOccupancyOnly) {
1619 return false;
1620 }
1621 if (expansion_cause() == CMSExpansionCause::_satisfy_allocation) {
1622 if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1623 gclog_or_tty->print(" %s: collect because expanded for allocation ",
1624 short_name());
1625 }
1626 return true;
1627 }
1628 if (_cmsSpace->should_concurrent_collect()) {
1629 if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1630 gclog_or_tty->print(" %s: collect because cmsSpace says so ",
1631 short_name());
1632 }
1633 return true;
1634 }
1635 return false;
1636 }
1637
1638 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::collect(bool full,
1639 bool clear_all_soft_refs,
1640 size_t size,
1641 bool tlab)
1642 {
1643 collector()->collect(full, clear_all_soft_refs, size, tlab);
1644 }
1645
1646 void CMSCollector::collect(bool full,
1647 bool clear_all_soft_refs,
1648 size_t size,
1649 bool tlab)
1650 {
1651 if (!UseCMSCollectionPassing && _collectorState > Idling) {
1652 // For debugging purposes skip the collection if the state
1653 // is not currently idle
1654 if (TraceCMSState) {
1655 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Thread " INTPTR_FORMAT " skipped full:%d CMS state %d",
1656 Thread::current(), full, _collectorState);
1657 }
1658 return;
1659 }
1660
1661 // The following "if" branch is present for defensive reasons.
1662 // In the current uses of this interface, it can be replaced with:
1663 // assert(!GC_locker.is_active(), "Can't be called otherwise");
1664 // But I am not placing that assert here to allow future
1665 // generality in invoking this interface.
1666 if (GC_locker::is_active()) {
1667 // A consistency test for GC_locker
1668 assert(GC_locker::needs_gc(), "Should have been set already");
1669 // Skip this foreground collection, instead
1670 // expanding the heap if necessary.
1671 // Need the free list locks for the call to free() in compute_new_size()
1672 compute_new_size();
1673 return;
1674 }
1675 acquire_control_and_collect(full, clear_all_soft_refs);
1676 _full_gcs_since_conc_gc++;
1677 }
1678
1679 void CMSCollector::request_full_gc(unsigned int full_gc_count) {
1680 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
1681 unsigned int gc_count = gch->total_full_collections();
1682 if (gc_count == full_gc_count) {
1683 MutexLockerEx y(CGC_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1684 _full_gc_requested = true;
1685 CGC_lock->notify(); // nudge CMS thread
1686 } else {
1687 assert(gc_count > full_gc_count, "Error: causal loop");
1688 }
1689 }
1690
1691
1692 // The foreground and background collectors need to coordinate in order
1693 // to make sure that they do not mutually interfere with CMS collections.
1694 // When a background collection is active,
1695 // the foreground collector may need to take over (preempt) and
1696 // synchronously complete an ongoing collection. Depending on the
1697 // frequency of the background collections and the heap usage
1698 // of the application, this preemption can be seldom or frequent.
1699 // There are only certain
1700 // points in the background collection that the "collection-baton"
1701 // can be passed to the foreground collector.
1702 //
1703 // The foreground collector will wait for the baton before
1704 // starting any part of the collection. The foreground collector
1705 // will only wait at one location.
1706 //
1707 // The background collector will yield the baton before starting a new
1708 // phase of the collection (e.g., before initial marking, marking from roots,
1709 // precleaning, final re-mark, sweep etc.) This is normally done at the head
1710 // of the loop which switches the phases. The background collector does some
1711 // of the phases (initial mark, final re-mark) with the world stopped.
1712 // Because of locking involved in stopping the world,
1713 // the foreground collector should not block waiting for the background
1714 // collector when it is doing a stop-the-world phase. The background
1715 // collector will yield the baton at an additional point just before
1716 // it enters a stop-the-world phase. Once the world is stopped, the
1717 // background collector checks the phase of the collection. If the
1718 // phase has not changed, it proceeds with the collection. If the
1719 // phase has changed, it skips that phase of the collection. See
1720 // the comments on the use of the Heap_lock in collect_in_background().
1721 //
1722 // Variable used in baton passing.
1723 // _foregroundGCIsActive - Set to true by the foreground collector when
1724 // it wants the baton. The foreground clears it when it has finished
1725 // the collection.
1726 // _foregroundGCShouldWait - Set to true by the background collector
1727 // when it is running. The foreground collector waits while
1728 // _foregroundGCShouldWait is true.
1729 // CGC_lock - monitor used to protect access to the above variables
1730 // and to notify the foreground and background collectors.
1731 // _collectorState - current state of the CMS collection.
1732 //
1733 // The foreground collector
1734 // acquires the CGC_lock
1735 // sets _foregroundGCIsActive
1736 // waits on the CGC_lock for _foregroundGCShouldWait to be false
1737 // various locks acquired in preparation for the collection
1738 // are released so as not to block the background collector
1739 // that is in the midst of a collection
1740 // proceeds with the collection
1741 // clears _foregroundGCIsActive
1742 // returns
1743 //
1744 // The background collector in a loop iterating on the phases of the
1745 // collection
1746 // acquires the CGC_lock
1747 // sets _foregroundGCShouldWait
1748 // if _foregroundGCIsActive is set
1749 // clears _foregroundGCShouldWait, notifies _CGC_lock
1750 // waits on _CGC_lock for _foregroundGCIsActive to become false
1751 // and exits the loop.
1752 // otherwise
1753 // proceed with that phase of the collection
1754 // if the phase is a stop-the-world phase,
1755 // yield the baton once more just before enqueueing
1756 // the stop-world CMS operation (executed by the VM thread).
1757 // returns after all phases of the collection are done
1758 //
1759
1760 void CMSCollector::acquire_control_and_collect(bool full,
1761 bool clear_all_soft_refs) {
1762 assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "should be at safepoint");
1763 assert(!Thread::current()->is_ConcurrentGC_thread(),
1764 "shouldn't try to acquire control from self!");
1765
1766 // Start the protocol for acquiring control of the
1767 // collection from the background collector (aka CMS thread).
1768 assert(ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::vm_thread_has_cms_token(),
1769 "VM thread should have CMS token");
1770 // Remember the possibly interrupted state of an ongoing
1771 // concurrent collection
1772 CollectorState first_state = _collectorState;
1773
1774 // Signal to a possibly ongoing concurrent collection that
1775 // we want to do a foreground collection.
1776 _foregroundGCIsActive = true;
1777
1778 // Disable incremental mode during a foreground collection.
1779 ICMSDisabler icms_disabler;
1780
1781 // release locks and wait for a notify from the background collector
1782 // releasing the locks in only necessary for phases which
1783 // do yields to improve the granularity of the collection.
1784 assert_lock_strong(bitMapLock());
1785 // We need to lock the Free list lock for the space that we are
1786 // currently collecting.
1787 assert(haveFreelistLocks(), "Must be holding free list locks");
1788 bitMapLock()->unlock();
1789 releaseFreelistLocks();
1790 {
1791 MutexLockerEx x(CGC_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1792 if (_foregroundGCShouldWait) {
1793 // We are going to be waiting for action for the CMS thread;
1794 // it had better not be gone (for instance at shutdown)!
1795 assert(ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cmst() != NULL,
1796 "CMS thread must be running");
1797 // Wait here until the background collector gives us the go-ahead
1798 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::clear_CMS_flag(
1799 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::CMS_vm_has_token); // release token
1800 // Get a possibly blocked CMS thread going:
1801 // Note that we set _foregroundGCIsActive true above,
1802 // without protection of the CGC_lock.
1803 CGC_lock->notify();
1804 assert(!ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::vm_thread_wants_cms_token(),
1805 "Possible deadlock");
1806 while (_foregroundGCShouldWait) {
1807 // wait for notification
1808 CGC_lock->wait(Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1809 // Possibility of delay/starvation here, since CMS token does
1810 // not know to give priority to VM thread? Actually, i think
1811 // there wouldn't be any delay/starvation, but the proof of
1812 // that "fact" (?) appears non-trivial. XXX 20011219YSR
1813 }
1814 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::set_CMS_flag(
1815 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::CMS_vm_has_token);
1816 }
1817 }
1818 // The CMS_token is already held. Get back the other locks.
1819 assert(ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::vm_thread_has_cms_token(),
1820 "VM thread should have CMS token");
1821 getFreelistLocks();
1822 bitMapLock()->lock_without_safepoint_check();
1823 if (TraceCMSState) {
1824 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("CMS foreground collector has asked for control "
1825 INTPTR_FORMAT " with first state %d", Thread::current(), first_state);
1826 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" gets control with state %d", _collectorState);
1827 }
1828
1829 // Check if we need to do a compaction, or if not, whether
1830 // we need to start the mark-sweep from scratch.
1831 bool should_compact = false;
1832 bool should_start_over = false;
1833 decide_foreground_collection_type(clear_all_soft_refs,
1834 &should_compact, &should_start_over);
1835
1836 NOT_PRODUCT(
1837 if (RotateCMSCollectionTypes) {
1838 if (_cmsGen->debug_collection_type() ==
1839 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::MSC_foreground_collection_type) {
1840 should_compact = true;
1841 } else if (_cmsGen->debug_collection_type() ==
1842 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::MS_foreground_collection_type) {
1843 should_compact = false;
1844 }
1845 }
1846 )
1847
1848 if (PrintGCDetails && first_state > Idling) {
1849 GCCause::Cause cause = GenCollectedHeap::heap()->gc_cause();
1850 if (GCCause::is_user_requested_gc(cause) ||
1851 GCCause::is_serviceability_requested_gc(cause)) {
1852 gclog_or_tty->print(" (concurrent mode interrupted)");
1853 } else {
1854 gclog_or_tty->print(" (concurrent mode failure)");
1855 }
1856 }
1857
1858 set_did_compact(should_compact);
1859 if (should_compact) {
1860 // If the collection is being acquired from the background
1861 // collector, there may be references on the discovered
1862 // references lists that have NULL referents (being those
1863 // that were concurrently cleared by a mutator) or
1864 // that are no longer active (having been enqueued concurrently
1865 // by the mutator).
1866 // Scrub the list of those references because Mark-Sweep-Compact
1867 // code assumes referents are not NULL and that all discovered
1868 // Reference objects are active.
1869 ref_processor()->clean_up_discovered_references();
1870
1871 do_compaction_work(clear_all_soft_refs);
1872
1873 // Has the GC time limit been exceeded?
1874 DefNewGeneration* young_gen = _young_gen->as_DefNewGeneration();
1875 size_t max_eden_size = young_gen->max_capacity() -
1876 young_gen->to()->capacity() -
1877 young_gen->from()->capacity();
1878 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
1879 GCCause::Cause gc_cause = gch->gc_cause();
1880 size_policy()->check_gc_overhead_limit(_young_gen->used(),
1881 young_gen->eden()->used(),
1882 _cmsGen->max_capacity(),
1883 max_eden_size,
1884 full,
1885 gc_cause,
1886 gch->collector_policy());
1887 } else {
1888 do_mark_sweep_work(clear_all_soft_refs, first_state,
1889 should_start_over);
1890 }
1891 // Reset the expansion cause, now that we just completed
1892 // a collection cycle.
1893 clear_expansion_cause();
1894 _foregroundGCIsActive = false;
1895 return;
1896 }
1897
1898 // Resize the tenured generation
1899 // after obtaining the free list locks for the
1900 // two generations.
1901 void CMSCollector::compute_new_size() {
1902 assert_locked_or_safepoint(Heap_lock);
1903 FreelistLocker z(this);
1904 MetaspaceGC::compute_new_size();
1905 _cmsGen->compute_new_size_free_list();
1906 }
1907
1908 // A work method used by foreground collection to determine
1909 // what type of collection (compacting or not, continuing or fresh)
1910 // it should do.
1911 // NOTE: the intent is to make UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection
1912 // and CMSCompactWhenClearAllSoftRefs the default in the future
1913 // and do away with the flags after a suitable period.
1914 void CMSCollector::decide_foreground_collection_type(
1915 bool clear_all_soft_refs, bool* should_compact,
1916 bool* should_start_over) {
1917 // Normally, we'll compact only if the UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection
1918 // flag is set, and we have either requested a System.gc() or
1919 // the number of full gc's since the last concurrent cycle
1920 // has exceeded the threshold set by CMSFullGCsBeforeCompaction,
1921 // or if an incremental collection has failed
1922 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
1923 assert(gch->collector_policy()->is_two_generation_policy(),
1924 "You may want to check the correctness of the following");
1925 // Inform cms gen if this was due to partial collection failing.
1926 // The CMS gen may use this fact to determine its expansion policy.
1927 if (gch->incremental_collection_will_fail(false /* don't consult_young */)) {
1928 assert(!_cmsGen->incremental_collection_failed(),
1929 "Should have been noticed, reacted to and cleared");
1930 _cmsGen->set_incremental_collection_failed();
1931 }
1932 *should_compact =
1933 UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection &&
1934 ((_full_gcs_since_conc_gc >= CMSFullGCsBeforeCompaction) ||
1935 GCCause::is_user_requested_gc(gch->gc_cause()) ||
1936 gch->incremental_collection_will_fail(true /* consult_young */));
1937 *should_start_over = false;
1938 if (clear_all_soft_refs && !*should_compact) {
1939 // We are about to do a last ditch collection attempt
1940 // so it would normally make sense to do a compaction
1941 // to reclaim as much space as possible.
1942 if (CMSCompactWhenClearAllSoftRefs) {
1943 // Default: The rationale is that in this case either
1944 // we are past the final marking phase, in which case
1945 // we'd have to start over, or so little has been done
1946 // that there's little point in saving that work. Compaction
1947 // appears to be the sensible choice in either case.
1948 *should_compact = true;
1949 } else {
1950 // We have been asked to clear all soft refs, but not to
1951 // compact. Make sure that we aren't past the final checkpoint
1952 // phase, for that is where we process soft refs. If we are already
1953 // past that phase, we'll need to redo the refs discovery phase and
1954 // if necessary clear soft refs that weren't previously
1955 // cleared. We do so by remembering the phase in which
1956 // we came in, and if we are past the refs processing
1957 // phase, we'll choose to just redo the mark-sweep
1958 // collection from scratch.
1959 if (_collectorState > FinalMarking) {
1960 // We are past the refs processing phase;
1961 // start over and do a fresh synchronous CMS cycle
1962 _collectorState = Resetting; // skip to reset to start new cycle
1963 reset(false /* == !asynch */);
1964 *should_start_over = true;
1965 } // else we can continue a possibly ongoing current cycle
1966 }
1967 }
1968 }
1969
1970 // A work method used by the foreground collector to do
1971 // a mark-sweep-compact.
1972 void CMSCollector::do_compaction_work(bool clear_all_soft_refs) {
1973 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
1974 TraceTime t("CMS:MSC ", PrintGCDetails && Verbose, true, gclog_or_tty);
1975 if (PrintGC && Verbose && !(GCCause::is_user_requested_gc(gch->gc_cause()))) {
1976 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Compact ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration after %d "
1977 "collections passed to foreground collector", _full_gcs_since_conc_gc);
1978 }
1979
1980 // Sample collection interval time and reset for collection pause.
1981 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
1982 size_policy()->msc_collection_begin();
1983 }
1984
1985 // Temporarily widen the span of the weak reference processing to
1986 // the entire heap.
1987 MemRegion new_span(GenCollectedHeap::heap()->reserved_region());
1988 ReferenceProcessorSpanMutator rp_mut_span(ref_processor(), new_span);
1989 // Temporarily, clear the "is_alive_non_header" field of the
1990 // reference processor.
1991 ReferenceProcessorIsAliveMutator rp_mut_closure(ref_processor(), NULL);
1992 // Temporarily make reference _processing_ single threaded (non-MT).
1993 ReferenceProcessorMTProcMutator rp_mut_mt_processing(ref_processor(), false);
1994 // Temporarily make refs discovery atomic
1995 ReferenceProcessorAtomicMutator rp_mut_atomic(ref_processor(), true);
1996 // Temporarily make reference _discovery_ single threaded (non-MT)
1997 ReferenceProcessorMTDiscoveryMutator rp_mut_discovery(ref_processor(), false);
1998
1999 ref_processor()->set_enqueuing_is_done(false);
2000 ref_processor()->enable_discovery(false /*verify_disabled*/, false /*check_no_refs*/);
2001 ref_processor()->setup_policy(clear_all_soft_refs);
2002 // If an asynchronous collection finishes, the _modUnionTable is
2003 // all clear. If we are assuming the collection from an asynchronous
2004 // collection, clear the _modUnionTable.
2005 assert(_collectorState != Idling || _modUnionTable.isAllClear(),
2006 "_modUnionTable should be clear if the baton was not passed");
2007 _modUnionTable.clear_all();
2008 assert(_collectorState != Idling || _ct->klass_rem_set()->mod_union_is_clear(),
2009 "mod union for klasses should be clear if the baton was passed");
2010 _ct->klass_rem_set()->clear_mod_union();
2011
2012 // We must adjust the allocation statistics being maintained
2013 // in the free list space. We do so by reading and clearing
2014 // the sweep timer and updating the block flux rate estimates below.
2015 assert(!_intra_sweep_timer.is_active(), "_intra_sweep_timer should be inactive");
2016 if (_inter_sweep_timer.is_active()) {
2017 _inter_sweep_timer.stop();
2018 // Note that we do not use this sample to update the _inter_sweep_estimate.
2019 _cmsGen->cmsSpace()->beginSweepFLCensus((float)(_inter_sweep_timer.seconds()),
2020 _inter_sweep_estimate.padded_average(),
2021 _intra_sweep_estimate.padded_average());
2022 }
2023
2024 GenMarkSweep::invoke_at_safepoint(_cmsGen->level(),
2025 ref_processor(), clear_all_soft_refs);
2026 #ifdef ASSERT
2027 CompactibleFreeListSpace* cms_space = _cmsGen->cmsSpace();
2028 size_t free_size = cms_space->free();
2029 assert(free_size ==
2030 pointer_delta(cms_space->end(), cms_space->compaction_top())
2031 * HeapWordSize,
2032 "All the free space should be compacted into one chunk at top");
2033 assert(cms_space->dictionary()->total_chunk_size(
2034 debug_only(cms_space->freelistLock())) == 0 ||
2035 cms_space->totalSizeInIndexedFreeLists() == 0,
2036 "All the free space should be in a single chunk");
2037 size_t num = cms_space->totalCount();
2038 assert((free_size == 0 && num == 0) ||
2039 (free_size > 0 && (num == 1 || num == 2)),
2040 "There should be at most 2 free chunks after compaction");
2041 #endif // ASSERT
2042 _collectorState = Resetting;
2043 assert(_restart_addr == NULL,
2044 "Should have been NULL'd before baton was passed");
2045 reset(false /* == !asynch */);
2046 _cmsGen->reset_after_compaction();
2047 _concurrent_cycles_since_last_unload = 0;
2048
2049 // Clear any data recorded in the PLAB chunk arrays.
2050 if (_survivor_plab_array != NULL) {
2051 reset_survivor_plab_arrays();
2052 }
2053
2054 // Adjust the per-size allocation stats for the next epoch.
2055 _cmsGen->cmsSpace()->endSweepFLCensus(sweep_count() /* fake */);
2056 // Restart the "inter sweep timer" for the next epoch.
2057 _inter_sweep_timer.reset();
2058 _inter_sweep_timer.start();
2059
2060 // Sample collection pause time and reset for collection interval.
2061 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
2062 size_policy()->msc_collection_end(gch->gc_cause());
2063 }
2064
2065 // For a mark-sweep-compact, compute_new_size() will be called
2066 // in the heap's do_collection() method.
2067 }
2068
2069 // A work method used by the foreground collector to do
2070 // a mark-sweep, after taking over from a possibly on-going
2071 // concurrent mark-sweep collection.
2072 void CMSCollector::do_mark_sweep_work(bool clear_all_soft_refs,
2073 CollectorState first_state, bool should_start_over) {
2074 if (PrintGC && Verbose) {
2075 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Pass concurrent collection to foreground "
2076 "collector with count %d",
2077 _full_gcs_since_conc_gc);
2078 }
2079 switch (_collectorState) {
2080 case Idling:
2081 if (first_state == Idling || should_start_over) {
2082 // The background GC was not active, or should
2083 // restarted from scratch; start the cycle.
2084 _collectorState = InitialMarking;
2085 }
2086 // If first_state was not Idling, then a background GC
2087 // was in progress and has now finished. No need to do it
2088 // again. Leave the state as Idling.
2089 break;
2090 case Precleaning:
2091 // In the foreground case don't do the precleaning since
2092 // it is not done concurrently and there is extra work
2093 // required.
2094 _collectorState = FinalMarking;
2095 }
2096 collect_in_foreground(clear_all_soft_refs);
2097
2098 // For a mark-sweep, compute_new_size() will be called
2099 // in the heap's do_collection() method.
2100 }
2101
2102
2103 void CMSCollector::getFreelistLocks() const {
2104 // Get locks for all free lists in all generations that this
2105 // collector is responsible for
2106 _cmsGen->freelistLock()->lock_without_safepoint_check();
2107 }
2108
2109 void CMSCollector::releaseFreelistLocks() const {
2110 // Release locks for all free lists in all generations that this
2111 // collector is responsible for
2112 _cmsGen->freelistLock()->unlock();
2113 }
2114
2115 bool CMSCollector::haveFreelistLocks() const {
2116 // Check locks for all free lists in all generations that this
2117 // collector is responsible for
2118 assert_lock_strong(_cmsGen->freelistLock());
2119 PRODUCT_ONLY(ShouldNotReachHere());
2120 return true;
2121 }
2122
2123 // A utility class that is used by the CMS collector to
2124 // temporarily "release" the foreground collector from its
2125 // usual obligation to wait for the background collector to
2126 // complete an ongoing phase before proceeding.
2127 class ReleaseForegroundGC: public StackObj {
2128 private:
2129 CMSCollector* _c;
2130 public:
2131 ReleaseForegroundGC(CMSCollector* c) : _c(c) {
2132 assert(_c->_foregroundGCShouldWait, "Else should not need to call");
2133 MutexLockerEx x(CGC_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2134 // allow a potentially blocked foreground collector to proceed
2135 _c->_foregroundGCShouldWait = false;
2136 if (_c->_foregroundGCIsActive) {
2137 CGC_lock->notify();
2138 }
2139 assert(!ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token(),
2140 "Possible deadlock");
2141 }
2142
2143 ~ReleaseForegroundGC() {
2144 assert(!_c->_foregroundGCShouldWait, "Usage protocol violation?");
2145 MutexLockerEx x(CGC_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2146 _c->_foregroundGCShouldWait = true;
2147 }
2148 };
2149
2150 // There are separate collect_in_background and collect_in_foreground because of
2151 // the different locking requirements of the background collector and the
2152 // foreground collector. There was originally an attempt to share
2153 // one "collect" method between the background collector and the foreground
2154 // collector but the if-then-else required made it cleaner to have
2155 // separate methods.
2156 void CMSCollector::collect_in_background(bool clear_all_soft_refs) {
2157 assert(Thread::current()->is_ConcurrentGC_thread(),
2158 "A CMS asynchronous collection is only allowed on a CMS thread.");
2159
2160 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
2161 {
2162 bool safepoint_check = Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag;
2163 MutexLockerEx hl(Heap_lock, safepoint_check);
2164 FreelistLocker fll(this);
2165 MutexLockerEx x(CGC_lock, safepoint_check);
2166 if (_foregroundGCIsActive || !UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC) {
2167 // The foreground collector is active or we're
2168 // not using asynchronous collections. Skip this
2169 // background collection.
2170 assert(!_foregroundGCShouldWait, "Should be clear");
2171 return;
2172 } else {
2173 assert(_collectorState == Idling, "Should be idling before start.");
2174 _collectorState = InitialMarking;
2175 // Reset the expansion cause, now that we are about to begin
2176 // a new cycle.
2177 clear_expansion_cause();
2178
2179 // Clear the MetaspaceGC flag since a concurrent collection
2180 // is starting but also clear it after the collection.
2181 MetaspaceGC::set_should_concurrent_collect(false);
2182 }
2183 // Decide if we want to enable class unloading as part of the
2184 // ensuing concurrent GC cycle.
2185 update_should_unload_classes();
2186 _full_gc_requested = false; // acks all outstanding full gc requests
2187 // Signal that we are about to start a collection
2188 gch->increment_total_full_collections(); // ... starting a collection cycle
2189 _collection_count_start = gch->total_full_collections();
2190 }
2191
2192 // Used for PrintGC
2193 size_t prev_used;
2194 if (PrintGC && Verbose) {
2195 prev_used = _cmsGen->used(); // XXXPERM
2196 }
2197
2198 // The change of the collection state is normally done at this level;
2199 // the exceptions are phases that are executed while the world is
2200 // stopped. For those phases the change of state is done while the
2201 // world is stopped. For baton passing purposes this allows the
2202 // background collector to finish the phase and change state atomically.
2203 // The foreground collector cannot wait on a phase that is done
2204 // while the world is stopped because the foreground collector already
2205 // has the world stopped and would deadlock.
2206 while (_collectorState != Idling) {
2207 if (TraceCMSState) {
2208 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Thread " INTPTR_FORMAT " in CMS state %d",
2209 Thread::current(), _collectorState);
2210 }
2211 // The foreground collector
2212 // holds the Heap_lock throughout its collection.
2213 // holds the CMS token (but not the lock)
2214 // except while it is waiting for the background collector to yield.
2215 //
2216 // The foreground collector should be blocked (not for long)
2217 // if the background collector is about to start a phase
2218 // executed with world stopped. If the background
2219 // collector has already started such a phase, the
2220 // foreground collector is blocked waiting for the
2221 // Heap_lock. The stop-world phases (InitialMarking and FinalMarking)
2222 // are executed in the VM thread.
2223 //
2224 // The locking order is
2225 // PendingListLock (PLL) -- if applicable (FinalMarking)
2226 // Heap_lock (both this & PLL locked in VM_CMS_Operation::prologue())
2227 // CMS token (claimed in
2228 // stop_world_and_do() -->
2229 // safepoint_synchronize() -->
2230 // CMSThread::synchronize())
2231
2232 {
2233 // Check if the FG collector wants us to yield.
2234 CMSTokenSync x(true); // is cms thread
2235 if (waitForForegroundGC()) {
2236 // We yielded to a foreground GC, nothing more to be
2237 // done this round.
2238 assert(_foregroundGCShouldWait == false, "We set it to false in "
2239 "waitForForegroundGC()");
2240 if (TraceCMSState) {
2241 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("CMS Thread " INTPTR_FORMAT
2242 " exiting collection CMS state %d",
2243 Thread::current(), _collectorState);
2244 }
2245 return;
2246 } else {
2247 // The background collector can run but check to see if the
2248 // foreground collector has done a collection while the
2249 // background collector was waiting to get the CGC_lock
2250 // above. If yes, break so that _foregroundGCShouldWait
2251 // is cleared before returning.
2252 if (_collectorState == Idling) {
2253 break;
2254 }
2255 }
2256 }
2257
2258 assert(_foregroundGCShouldWait, "Foreground collector, if active, "
2259 "should be waiting");
2260
2261 switch (_collectorState) {
2262 case InitialMarking:
2263 {
2264 ReleaseForegroundGC x(this);
2265 stats().record_cms_begin();
2266
2267 VM_CMS_Initial_Mark initial_mark_op(this);
2268 VMThread::execute(&initial_mark_op);
2269 }
2270 // The collector state may be any legal state at this point
2271 // since the background collector may have yielded to the
2272 // foreground collector.
2273 break;
2274 case Marking:
2275 // initial marking in checkpointRootsInitialWork has been completed
2276 if (markFromRoots(true)) { // we were successful
2277 assert(_collectorState == Precleaning, "Collector state should "
2278 "have changed");
2279 } else {
2280 assert(_foregroundGCIsActive, "Internal state inconsistency");
2281 }
2282 break;
2283 case Precleaning:
2284 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
2285 size_policy()->concurrent_precleaning_begin();
2286 }
2287 // marking from roots in markFromRoots has been completed
2288 preclean();
2289 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
2290 size_policy()->concurrent_precleaning_end();
2291 }
2292 assert(_collectorState == AbortablePreclean ||
2293 _collectorState == FinalMarking,
2294 "Collector state should have changed");
2295 break;
2296 case AbortablePreclean:
2297 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
2298 size_policy()->concurrent_phases_resume();
2299 }
2300 abortable_preclean();
2301 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
2302 size_policy()->concurrent_precleaning_end();
2303 }
2304 assert(_collectorState == FinalMarking, "Collector state should "
2305 "have changed");
2306 break;
2307 case FinalMarking:
2308 {
2309 ReleaseForegroundGC x(this);
2310
2311 VM_CMS_Final_Remark final_remark_op(this);
2312 VMThread::execute(&final_remark_op);
2313 }
2314 assert(_foregroundGCShouldWait, "block post-condition");
2315 break;
2316 case Sweeping:
2317 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
2318 size_policy()->concurrent_sweeping_begin();
2319 }
2320 // final marking in checkpointRootsFinal has been completed
2321 sweep(true);
2322 assert(_collectorState == Resizing, "Collector state change "
2323 "to Resizing must be done under the free_list_lock");
2324 _full_gcs_since_conc_gc = 0;
2325
2326 // Stop the timers for adaptive size policy for the concurrent phases
2327 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
2328 size_policy()->concurrent_sweeping_end();
2329 size_policy()->concurrent_phases_end(gch->gc_cause(),
2330 gch->prev_gen(_cmsGen)->capacity(),
2331 _cmsGen->free());
2332 }
2333
2334 case Resizing: {
2335 // Sweeping has been completed...
2336 // At this point the background collection has completed.
2337 // Don't move the call to compute_new_size() down
2338 // into code that might be executed if the background
2339 // collection was preempted.
2340 {
2341 ReleaseForegroundGC x(this); // unblock FG collection
2342 MutexLockerEx y(Heap_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2343 CMSTokenSync z(true); // not strictly needed.
2344 if (_collectorState == Resizing) {
2345 compute_new_size();
2346 _collectorState = Resetting;
2347 } else {
2348 assert(_collectorState == Idling, "The state should only change"
2349 " because the foreground collector has finished the collection");
2350 }
2351 }
2352 break;
2353 }
2354 case Resetting:
2355 // CMS heap resizing has been completed
2356 reset(true);
2357 assert(_collectorState == Idling, "Collector state should "
2358 "have changed");
2359
2360 MetaspaceGC::set_should_concurrent_collect(false);
2361
2362 stats().record_cms_end();
2363 // Don't move the concurrent_phases_end() and compute_new_size()
2364 // calls to here because a preempted background collection
2365 // has it's state set to "Resetting".
2366 break;
2367 case Idling:
2368 default:
2369 ShouldNotReachHere();
2370 break;
2371 }
2372 if (TraceCMSState) {
2373 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" Thread " INTPTR_FORMAT " done - next CMS state %d",
2374 Thread::current(), _collectorState);
2375 }
2376 assert(_foregroundGCShouldWait, "block post-condition");
2377 }
2378
2379 // Should this be in gc_epilogue?
2380 collector_policy()->counters()->update_counters();
2381
2382 {
2383 // Clear _foregroundGCShouldWait and, in the event that the
2384 // foreground collector is waiting, notify it, before
2385 // returning.
2386 MutexLockerEx x(CGC_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2387 _foregroundGCShouldWait = false;
2388 if (_foregroundGCIsActive) {
2389 CGC_lock->notify();
2390 }
2391 assert(!ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token(),
2392 "Possible deadlock");
2393 }
2394 if (TraceCMSState) {
2395 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("CMS Thread " INTPTR_FORMAT
2396 " exiting collection CMS state %d",
2397 Thread::current(), _collectorState);
2398 }
2399 if (PrintGC && Verbose) {
2400 _cmsGen->print_heap_change(prev_used);
2401 }
2402 }
2403
2404 void CMSCollector::collect_in_foreground(bool clear_all_soft_refs) {
2405 assert(_foregroundGCIsActive && !_foregroundGCShouldWait,
2406 "Foreground collector should be waiting, not executing");
2407 assert(Thread::current()->is_VM_thread(), "A foreground collection"
2408 "may only be done by the VM Thread with the world stopped");
2409 assert(ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::vm_thread_has_cms_token(),
2410 "VM thread should have CMS token");
2411
2412 NOT_PRODUCT(TraceTime t("CMS:MS (foreground) ", PrintGCDetails && Verbose,
2413 true, gclog_or_tty);)
2414 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
2415 size_policy()->ms_collection_begin();
2416 }
2417 COMPILER2_PRESENT(DerivedPointerTableDeactivate dpt_deact);
2418
2419 HandleMark hm; // Discard invalid handles created during verification
2420
2421 if (VerifyBeforeGC &&
2422 GenCollectedHeap::heap()->total_collections() >= VerifyGCStartAt) {
2423 Universe::verify();
2424 }
2425
2426 // Snapshot the soft reference policy to be used in this collection cycle.
2427 ref_processor()->setup_policy(clear_all_soft_refs);
2428
2429 bool init_mark_was_synchronous = false; // until proven otherwise
2430 while (_collectorState != Idling) {
2431 if (TraceCMSState) {
2432 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Thread " INTPTR_FORMAT " in CMS state %d",
2433 Thread::current(), _collectorState);
2434 }
2435 switch (_collectorState) {
2436 case InitialMarking:
2437 init_mark_was_synchronous = true; // fact to be exploited in re-mark
2438 checkpointRootsInitial(false);
2439 assert(_collectorState == Marking, "Collector state should have changed"
2440 " within checkpointRootsInitial()");
2441 break;
2442 case Marking:
2443 // initial marking in checkpointRootsInitialWork has been completed
2444 if (VerifyDuringGC &&
2445 GenCollectedHeap::heap()->total_collections() >= VerifyGCStartAt) {
2446 Universe::verify("Verify before initial mark: ");
2447 }
2448 {
2449 bool res = markFromRoots(false);
2450 assert(res && _collectorState == FinalMarking, "Collector state should "
2451 "have changed");
2452 break;
2453 }
2454 case FinalMarking:
2455 if (VerifyDuringGC &&
2456 GenCollectedHeap::heap()->total_collections() >= VerifyGCStartAt) {
2457 Universe::verify("Verify before re-mark: ");
2458 }
2459 checkpointRootsFinal(false, clear_all_soft_refs,
2460 init_mark_was_synchronous);
2461 assert(_collectorState == Sweeping, "Collector state should not "
2462 "have changed within checkpointRootsFinal()");
2463 break;
2464 case Sweeping:
2465 // final marking in checkpointRootsFinal has been completed
2466 if (VerifyDuringGC &&
2467 GenCollectedHeap::heap()->total_collections() >= VerifyGCStartAt) {
2468 Universe::verify("Verify before sweep: ");
2469 }
2470 sweep(false);
2471 assert(_collectorState == Resizing, "Incorrect state");
2472 break;
2473 case Resizing: {
2474 // Sweeping has been completed; the actual resize in this case
2475 // is done separately; nothing to be done in this state.
2476 _collectorState = Resetting;
2477 break;
2478 }
2479 case Resetting:
2480 // The heap has been resized.
2481 if (VerifyDuringGC &&
2482 GenCollectedHeap::heap()->total_collections() >= VerifyGCStartAt) {
2483 Universe::verify("Verify before reset: ");
2484 }
2485 reset(false);
2486 assert(_collectorState == Idling, "Collector state should "
2487 "have changed");
2488 break;
2489 case Precleaning:
2490 case AbortablePreclean:
2491 // Elide the preclean phase
2492 _collectorState = FinalMarking;
2493 break;
2494 default:
2495 ShouldNotReachHere();
2496 }
2497 if (TraceCMSState) {
2498 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" Thread " INTPTR_FORMAT " done - next CMS state %d",
2499 Thread::current(), _collectorState);
2500 }
2501 }
2502
2503 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
2504 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
2505 size_policy()->ms_collection_end(gch->gc_cause());
2506 }
2507
2508 if (VerifyAfterGC &&
2509 GenCollectedHeap::heap()->total_collections() >= VerifyGCStartAt) {
2510 Universe::verify();
2511 }
2512 if (TraceCMSState) {
2513 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("CMS Thread " INTPTR_FORMAT
2514 " exiting collection CMS state %d",
2515 Thread::current(), _collectorState);
2516 }
2517 }
2518
2519 bool CMSCollector::waitForForegroundGC() {
2520 bool res = false;
2521 assert(ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token(),
2522 "CMS thread should have CMS token");
2523 // Block the foreground collector until the
2524 // background collectors decides whether to
2525 // yield.
2526 MutexLockerEx x(CGC_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2527 _foregroundGCShouldWait = true;
2528 if (_foregroundGCIsActive) {
2529 // The background collector yields to the
2530 // foreground collector and returns a value
2531 // indicating that it has yielded. The foreground
2532 // collector can proceed.
2533 res = true;
2534 _foregroundGCShouldWait = false;
2535 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::clear_CMS_flag(
2536 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::CMS_cms_has_token);
2537 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::set_CMS_flag(
2538 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::CMS_cms_wants_token);
2539 // Get a possibly blocked foreground thread going
2540 CGC_lock->notify();
2541 if (TraceCMSState) {
2542 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("CMS Thread " INTPTR_FORMAT " waiting at CMS state %d",
2543 Thread::current(), _collectorState);
2544 }
2545 while (_foregroundGCIsActive) {
2546 CGC_lock->wait(Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2547 }
2548 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::set_CMS_flag(
2549 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::CMS_cms_has_token);
2550 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::clear_CMS_flag(
2551 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::CMS_cms_wants_token);
2552 }
2553 if (TraceCMSState) {
2554 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("CMS Thread " INTPTR_FORMAT " continuing at CMS state %d",
2555 Thread::current(), _collectorState);
2556 }
2557 return res;
2558 }
2559
2560 // Because of the need to lock the free lists and other structures in
2561 // the collector, common to all the generations that the collector is
2562 // collecting, we need the gc_prologues of individual CMS generations
2563 // delegate to their collector. It may have been simpler had the
2564 // current infrastructure allowed one to call a prologue on a
2565 // collector. In the absence of that we have the generation's
2566 // prologue delegate to the collector, which delegates back
2567 // some "local" work to a worker method in the individual generations
2568 // that it's responsible for collecting, while itself doing any
2569 // work common to all generations it's responsible for. A similar
2570 // comment applies to the gc_epilogue()'s.
2571 // The role of the varaible _between_prologue_and_epilogue is to
2572 // enforce the invocation protocol.
2573 void CMSCollector::gc_prologue(bool full) {
2574 // Call gc_prologue_work() for the CMSGen
2575 // we are responsible for.
2576
2577 // The following locking discipline assumes that we are only called
2578 // when the world is stopped.
2579 assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "world is stopped assumption");
2580
2581 // The CMSCollector prologue must call the gc_prologues for the
2582 // "generations" that it's responsible
2583 // for.
2584
2585 assert( Thread::current()->is_VM_thread()
2586 || ( CMSScavengeBeforeRemark
2587 && Thread::current()->is_ConcurrentGC_thread()),
2588 "Incorrect thread type for prologue execution");
2589
2590 if (_between_prologue_and_epilogue) {
2591 // We have already been invoked; this is a gc_prologue delegation
2592 // from yet another CMS generation that we are responsible for, just
2593 // ignore it since all relevant work has already been done.
2594 return;
2595 }
2596
2597 // set a bit saying prologue has been called; cleared in epilogue
2598 _between_prologue_and_epilogue = true;
2599 // Claim locks for common data structures, then call gc_prologue_work()
2600 // for each CMSGen.
2601
2602 getFreelistLocks(); // gets free list locks on constituent spaces
2603 bitMapLock()->lock_without_safepoint_check();
2604
2605 // Should call gc_prologue_work() for all cms gens we are responsible for
2606 bool duringMarking = _collectorState >= Marking
2607 && _collectorState < Sweeping;
2608
2609 // The young collections clear the modified oops state, which tells if
2610 // there are any modified oops in the class. The remark phase also needs
2611 // that information. Tell the young collection to save the union of all
2612 // modified klasses.
2613 if (duringMarking) {
2614 _ct->klass_rem_set()->set_accumulate_modified_oops(true);
2615 }
2616
2617 bool registerClosure = duringMarking;
2618
2619 ModUnionClosure* muc = CollectedHeap::use_parallel_gc_threads() ?
2620 &_modUnionClosurePar
2621 : &_modUnionClosure;
2622 _cmsGen->gc_prologue_work(full, registerClosure, muc);
2623
2624 if (!full) {
2625 stats().record_gc0_begin();
2626 }
2627 }
2628
2629 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::gc_prologue(bool full) {
2630
2631 _capacity_at_prologue = capacity();
2632 _used_at_prologue = used();
2633
2634 // Delegate to CMScollector which knows how to coordinate between
2635 // this and any other CMS generations that it is responsible for
2636 // collecting.
2637 collector()->gc_prologue(full);
2638 }
2639
2640 // This is a "private" interface for use by this generation's CMSCollector.
2641 // Not to be called directly by any other entity (for instance,
2642 // GenCollectedHeap, which calls the "public" gc_prologue method above).
2643 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::gc_prologue_work(bool full,
2644 bool registerClosure, ModUnionClosure* modUnionClosure) {
2645 assert(!incremental_collection_failed(), "Shouldn't be set yet");
2646 assert(cmsSpace()->preconsumptionDirtyCardClosure() == NULL,
2647 "Should be NULL");
2648 if (registerClosure) {
2649 cmsSpace()->setPreconsumptionDirtyCardClosure(modUnionClosure);
2650 }
2651 cmsSpace()->gc_prologue();
2652 // Clear stat counters
2653 NOT_PRODUCT(
2654 assert(_numObjectsPromoted == 0, "check");
2655 assert(_numWordsPromoted == 0, "check");
2656 if (Verbose && PrintGC) {
2657 gclog_or_tty->print("Allocated "SIZE_FORMAT" objects, "
2658 SIZE_FORMAT" bytes concurrently",
2659 _numObjectsAllocated, _numWordsAllocated*sizeof(HeapWord));
2660 }
2661 _numObjectsAllocated = 0;
2662 _numWordsAllocated = 0;
2663 )
2664 }
2665
2666 void CMSCollector::gc_epilogue(bool full) {
2667 // The following locking discipline assumes that we are only called
2668 // when the world is stopped.
2669 assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(),
2670 "world is stopped assumption");
2671
2672 // Currently the CMS epilogue (see CompactibleFreeListSpace) merely checks
2673 // if linear allocation blocks need to be appropriately marked to allow the
2674 // the blocks to be parsable. We also check here whether we need to nudge the
2675 // CMS collector thread to start a new cycle (if it's not already active).
2676 assert( Thread::current()->is_VM_thread()
2677 || ( CMSScavengeBeforeRemark
2678 && Thread::current()->is_ConcurrentGC_thread()),
2679 "Incorrect thread type for epilogue execution");
2680
2681 if (!_between_prologue_and_epilogue) {
2682 // We have already been invoked; this is a gc_epilogue delegation
2683 // from yet another CMS generation that we are responsible for, just
2684 // ignore it since all relevant work has already been done.
2685 return;
2686 }
2687 assert(haveFreelistLocks(), "must have freelist locks");
2688 assert_lock_strong(bitMapLock());
2689
2690 _ct->klass_rem_set()->set_accumulate_modified_oops(false);
2691
2692 _cmsGen->gc_epilogue_work(full);
2693
2694 if (_collectorState == AbortablePreclean || _collectorState == Precleaning) {
2695 // in case sampling was not already enabled, enable it
2696 _start_sampling = true;
2697 }
2698 // reset _eden_chunk_array so sampling starts afresh
2699 _eden_chunk_index = 0;
2700
2701 size_t cms_used = _cmsGen->cmsSpace()->used();
2702
2703 // update performance counters - this uses a special version of
2704 // update_counters() that allows the utilization to be passed as a
2705 // parameter, avoiding multiple calls to used().
2706 //
2707 _cmsGen->update_counters(cms_used);
2708
2709 if (CMSIncrementalMode) {
2710 icms_update_allocation_limits();
2711 }
2712
2713 bitMapLock()->unlock();
2714 releaseFreelistLocks();
2715
2716 if (!CleanChunkPoolAsync) {
2717 Chunk::clean_chunk_pool();
2718 }
2719
2720 set_did_compact(false);
2721 _between_prologue_and_epilogue = false; // ready for next cycle
2722 }
2723
2724 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::gc_epilogue(bool full) {
2725 collector()->gc_epilogue(full);
2726
2727 // Also reset promotion tracking in par gc thread states.
2728 if (CollectedHeap::use_parallel_gc_threads()) {
2729 for (uint i = 0; i < ParallelGCThreads; i++) {
2730 _par_gc_thread_states[i]->promo.stopTrackingPromotions(i);
2731 }
2732 }
2733 }
2734
2735 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::gc_epilogue_work(bool full) {
2736 assert(!incremental_collection_failed(), "Should have been cleared");
2737 cmsSpace()->setPreconsumptionDirtyCardClosure(NULL);
2738 cmsSpace()->gc_epilogue();
2739 // Print stat counters
2740 NOT_PRODUCT(
2741 assert(_numObjectsAllocated == 0, "check");
2742 assert(_numWordsAllocated == 0, "check");
2743 if (Verbose && PrintGC) {
2744 gclog_or_tty->print("Promoted "SIZE_FORMAT" objects, "
2745 SIZE_FORMAT" bytes",
2746 _numObjectsPromoted, _numWordsPromoted*sizeof(HeapWord));
2747 }
2748 _numObjectsPromoted = 0;
2749 _numWordsPromoted = 0;
2750 )
2751
2752 if (PrintGC && Verbose) {
2753 // Call down the chain in contiguous_available needs the freelistLock
2754 // so print this out before releasing the freeListLock.
2755 gclog_or_tty->print(" Contiguous available "SIZE_FORMAT" bytes ",
2756 contiguous_available());
2757 }
2758 }
2759
2760 #ifndef PRODUCT
2761 bool CMSCollector::have_cms_token() {
2762 Thread* thr = Thread::current();
2763 if (thr->is_VM_thread()) {
2764 return ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::vm_thread_has_cms_token();
2765 } else if (thr->is_ConcurrentGC_thread()) {
2766 return ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token();
2767 } else if (thr->is_GC_task_thread()) {
2768 return ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::vm_thread_has_cms_token() &&
2769 ParGCRareEvent_lock->owned_by_self();
2770 }
2771 return false;
2772 }
2773 #endif
2774
2775 // Check reachability of the given heap address in CMS generation,
2776 // treating all other generations as roots.
2777 bool CMSCollector::is_cms_reachable(HeapWord* addr) {
2778 // We could "guarantee" below, rather than assert, but i'll
2779 // leave these as "asserts" so that an adventurous debugger
2780 // could try this in the product build provided some subset of
2781 // the conditions were met, provided they were intersted in the
2782 // results and knew that the computation below wouldn't interfere
2783 // with other concurrent computations mutating the structures
2784 // being read or written.
2785 assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(),
2786 "Else mutations in object graph will make answer suspect");
2787 assert(have_cms_token(), "Should hold cms token");
2788 assert(haveFreelistLocks(), "must hold free list locks");
2789 assert_lock_strong(bitMapLock());
2790
2791 // Clear the marking bit map array before starting, but, just
2792 // for kicks, first report if the given address is already marked
2793 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Start: Address 0x%x is%s marked", addr,
2794 _markBitMap.isMarked(addr) ? "" : " not");
2795
2796 if (verify_after_remark()) {
2797 MutexLockerEx x(verification_mark_bm()->lock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2798 bool result = verification_mark_bm()->isMarked(addr);
2799 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("TransitiveMark: Address 0x%x %s marked", addr,
2800 result ? "IS" : "is NOT");
2801 return result;
2802 } else {
2803 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Could not compute result");
2804 return false;
2805 }
2806 }
2807
2808
2809 void
2810 CMSCollector::print_on_error(outputStream* st) {
2811 CMSCollector* collector = ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::_collector;
2812 if (collector != NULL) {
2813 CMSBitMap* bitmap = &collector->_markBitMap;
2814 st->print_cr("Marking Bits: (CMSBitMap*) " PTR_FORMAT, bitmap);
2815 bitmap->print_on_error(st, " Bits: ");
2816
2817 st->cr();
2818
2819 CMSBitMap* mut_bitmap = &collector->_modUnionTable;
2820 st->print_cr("Mod Union Table: (CMSBitMap*) " PTR_FORMAT, mut_bitmap);
2821 mut_bitmap->print_on_error(st, " Bits: ");
2822 }
2823 }
2824
2825 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
2826 // CMS Verification Support
2827 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
2828 // Following the remark phase, the following invariant
2829 // should hold -- each object in the CMS heap which is
2830 // marked in markBitMap() should be marked in the verification_mark_bm().
2831
2832 class VerifyMarkedClosure: public BitMapClosure {
2833 CMSBitMap* _marks;
2834 bool _failed;
2835
2836 public:
2837 VerifyMarkedClosure(CMSBitMap* bm): _marks(bm), _failed(false) {}
2838
2839 bool do_bit(size_t offset) {
2840 HeapWord* addr = _marks->offsetToHeapWord(offset);
2841 if (!_marks->isMarked(addr)) {
2842 oop(addr)->print_on(gclog_or_tty);
2843 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" ("INTPTR_FORMAT" should have been marked)", addr);
2844 _failed = true;
2845 }
2846 return true;
2847 }
2848
2849 bool failed() { return _failed; }
2850 };
2851
2852 bool CMSCollector::verify_after_remark(bool silent) {
2853 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print(" [Verifying CMS Marking... ");
2854 MutexLockerEx ml(verification_mark_bm()->lock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
2855 static bool init = false;
2856
2857 assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(),
2858 "Else mutations in object graph will make answer suspect");
2859 assert(have_cms_token(),
2860 "Else there may be mutual interference in use of "
2861 " verification data structures");
2862 assert(_collectorState > Marking && _collectorState <= Sweeping,
2863 "Else marking info checked here may be obsolete");
2864 assert(haveFreelistLocks(), "must hold free list locks");
2865 assert_lock_strong(bitMapLock());
2866
2867
2868 // Allocate marking bit map if not already allocated
2869 if (!init) { // first time
2870 if (!verification_mark_bm()->allocate(_span)) {
2871 return false;
2872 }
2873 init = true;
2874 }
2875
2876 assert(verification_mark_stack()->isEmpty(), "Should be empty");
2877
2878 // Turn off refs discovery -- so we will be tracing through refs.
2879 // This is as intended, because by this time
2880 // GC must already have cleared any refs that need to be cleared,
2881 // and traced those that need to be marked; moreover,
2882 // the marking done here is not going to intefere in any
2883 // way with the marking information used by GC.
2884 NoRefDiscovery no_discovery(ref_processor());
2885
2886 COMPILER2_PRESENT(DerivedPointerTableDeactivate dpt_deact;)
2887
2888 // Clear any marks from a previous round
2889 verification_mark_bm()->clear_all();
2890 assert(verification_mark_stack()->isEmpty(), "markStack should be empty");
2891 verify_work_stacks_empty();
2892
2893 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
2894 gch->ensure_parsability(false); // fill TLABs, but no need to retire them
2895 // Update the saved marks which may affect the root scans.
2896 gch->save_marks();
2897
2898 if (CMSRemarkVerifyVariant == 1) {
2899 // In this first variant of verification, we complete
2900 // all marking, then check if the new marks-verctor is
2901 // a subset of the CMS marks-vector.
2902 verify_after_remark_work_1();
2903 } else if (CMSRemarkVerifyVariant == 2) {
2904 // In this second variant of verification, we flag an error
2905 // (i.e. an object reachable in the new marks-vector not reachable
2906 // in the CMS marks-vector) immediately, also indicating the
2907 // identify of an object (A) that references the unmarked object (B) --
2908 // presumably, a mutation to A failed to be picked up by preclean/remark?
2909 verify_after_remark_work_2();
2910 } else {
2911 warning("Unrecognized value %d for CMSRemarkVerifyVariant",
2912 CMSRemarkVerifyVariant);
2913 }
2914 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print(" done] ");
2915 return true;
2916 }
2917
2918 void CMSCollector::verify_after_remark_work_1() {
2919 ResourceMark rm;
2920 HandleMark hm;
2921 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
2922
2923 // Get a clear set of claim bits for the strong roots processing to work with.
2924 ClassLoaderDataGraph::clear_claimed_marks();
2925
2926 // Mark from roots one level into CMS
2927 MarkRefsIntoClosure notOlder(_span, verification_mark_bm());
2928 gch->rem_set()->prepare_for_younger_refs_iterate(false); // Not parallel.
2929
2930 gch->gen_process_strong_roots(_cmsGen->level(),
2931 true, // younger gens are roots
2932 true, // activate StrongRootsScope
2933 false, // not scavenging
2934 SharedHeap::ScanningOption(roots_scanning_options()),
2935 ¬Older,
2936 true, // walk code active on stacks
2937 NULL,
2938 NULL); // SSS: Provide correct closure
2939
2940 // Now mark from the roots
2941 MarkFromRootsClosure markFromRootsClosure(this, _span,
2942 verification_mark_bm(), verification_mark_stack(),
2943 false /* don't yield */, true /* verifying */);
2944 assert(_restart_addr == NULL, "Expected pre-condition");
2945 verification_mark_bm()->iterate(&markFromRootsClosure);
2946 while (_restart_addr != NULL) {
2947 // Deal with stack overflow: by restarting at the indicated
2948 // address.
2949 HeapWord* ra = _restart_addr;
2950 markFromRootsClosure.reset(ra);
2951 _restart_addr = NULL;
2952 verification_mark_bm()->iterate(&markFromRootsClosure, ra, _span.end());
2953 }
2954 assert(verification_mark_stack()->isEmpty(), "Should have been drained");
2955 verify_work_stacks_empty();
2956
2957 // Marking completed -- now verify that each bit marked in
2958 // verification_mark_bm() is also marked in markBitMap(); flag all
2959 // errors by printing corresponding objects.
2960 VerifyMarkedClosure vcl(markBitMap());
2961 verification_mark_bm()->iterate(&vcl);
2962 if (vcl.failed()) {
2963 gclog_or_tty->print("Verification failed");
2964 Universe::heap()->print_on(gclog_or_tty);
2965 fatal("CMS: failed marking verification after remark");
2966 }
2967 }
2968
2969 class VerifyKlassOopsKlassClosure : public KlassClosure {
2970 class VerifyKlassOopsClosure : public OopClosure {
2971 CMSBitMap* _bitmap;
2972 public:
2973 VerifyKlassOopsClosure(CMSBitMap* bitmap) : _bitmap(bitmap) { }
2974 void do_oop(oop* p) { guarantee(*p == NULL || _bitmap->isMarked((HeapWord*) *p), "Should be marked"); }
2975 void do_oop(narrowOop* p) { ShouldNotReachHere(); }
2976 } _oop_closure;
2977 public:
2978 VerifyKlassOopsKlassClosure(CMSBitMap* bitmap) : _oop_closure(bitmap) {}
2979 void do_klass(Klass* k) {
2980 k->oops_do(&_oop_closure);
2981 }
2982 };
2983
2984 void CMSCollector::verify_after_remark_work_2() {
2985 ResourceMark rm;
2986 HandleMark hm;
2987 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
2988
2989 // Get a clear set of claim bits for the strong roots processing to work with.
2990 ClassLoaderDataGraph::clear_claimed_marks();
2991
2992 // Mark from roots one level into CMS
2993 MarkRefsIntoVerifyClosure notOlder(_span, verification_mark_bm(),
2994 markBitMap());
2995 CMKlassClosure klass_closure(¬Older);
2996
2997 gch->rem_set()->prepare_for_younger_refs_iterate(false); // Not parallel.
2998 gch->gen_process_strong_roots(_cmsGen->level(),
2999 true, // younger gens are roots
3000 true, // activate StrongRootsScope
3001 false, // not scavenging
3002 SharedHeap::ScanningOption(roots_scanning_options()),
3003 ¬Older,
3004 true, // walk code active on stacks
3005 NULL,
3006 &klass_closure);
3007
3008 // Now mark from the roots
3009 MarkFromRootsVerifyClosure markFromRootsClosure(this, _span,
3010 verification_mark_bm(), markBitMap(), verification_mark_stack());
3011 assert(_restart_addr == NULL, "Expected pre-condition");
3012 verification_mark_bm()->iterate(&markFromRootsClosure);
3013 while (_restart_addr != NULL) {
3014 // Deal with stack overflow: by restarting at the indicated
3015 // address.
3016 HeapWord* ra = _restart_addr;
3017 markFromRootsClosure.reset(ra);
3018 _restart_addr = NULL;
3019 verification_mark_bm()->iterate(&markFromRootsClosure, ra, _span.end());
3020 }
3021 assert(verification_mark_stack()->isEmpty(), "Should have been drained");
3022 verify_work_stacks_empty();
3023
3024 VerifyKlassOopsKlassClosure verify_klass_oops(verification_mark_bm());
3025 ClassLoaderDataGraph::classes_do(&verify_klass_oops);
3026
3027 // Marking completed -- now verify that each bit marked in
3028 // verification_mark_bm() is also marked in markBitMap(); flag all
3029 // errors by printing corresponding objects.
3030 VerifyMarkedClosure vcl(markBitMap());
3031 verification_mark_bm()->iterate(&vcl);
3032 assert(!vcl.failed(), "Else verification above should not have succeeded");
3033 }
3034
3035 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::save_marks() {
3036 // delegate to CMS space
3037 cmsSpace()->save_marks();
3038 for (uint i = 0; i < ParallelGCThreads; i++) {
3039 _par_gc_thread_states[i]->promo.startTrackingPromotions();
3040 }
3041 }
3042
3043 bool ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::no_allocs_since_save_marks() {
3044 return cmsSpace()->no_allocs_since_save_marks();
3045 }
3046
3047 #define CMS_SINCE_SAVE_MARKS_DEFN(OopClosureType, nv_suffix) \
3048 \
3049 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration:: \
3050 oop_since_save_marks_iterate##nv_suffix(OopClosureType* cl) { \
3051 cl->set_generation(this); \
3052 cmsSpace()->oop_since_save_marks_iterate##nv_suffix(cl); \
3053 cl->reset_generation(); \
3054 save_marks(); \
3055 }
3056
3057 ALL_SINCE_SAVE_MARKS_CLOSURES(CMS_SINCE_SAVE_MARKS_DEFN)
3058
3059 void
3060 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::younger_refs_iterate(OopsInGenClosure* cl) {
3061 cl->set_generation(this);
3062 younger_refs_in_space_iterate(_cmsSpace, cl);
3063 cl->reset_generation();
3064 }
3065
3066 void
3067 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::oop_iterate(MemRegion mr, ExtendedOopClosure* cl) {
3068 if (freelistLock()->owned_by_self()) {
3069 Generation::oop_iterate(mr, cl);
3070 } else {
3071 MutexLockerEx x(freelistLock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
3072 Generation::oop_iterate(mr, cl);
3073 }
3074 }
3075
3076 void
3077 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::oop_iterate(ExtendedOopClosure* cl) {
3078 if (freelistLock()->owned_by_self()) {
3079 Generation::oop_iterate(cl);
3080 } else {
3081 MutexLockerEx x(freelistLock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
3082 Generation::oop_iterate(cl);
3083 }
3084 }
3085
3086 void
3087 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::object_iterate(ObjectClosure* cl) {
3088 if (freelistLock()->owned_by_self()) {
3089 Generation::object_iterate(cl);
3090 } else {
3091 MutexLockerEx x(freelistLock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
3092 Generation::object_iterate(cl);
3093 }
3094 }
3095
3096 void
3097 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::safe_object_iterate(ObjectClosure* cl) {
3098 if (freelistLock()->owned_by_self()) {
3099 Generation::safe_object_iterate(cl);
3100 } else {
3101 MutexLockerEx x(freelistLock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
3102 Generation::safe_object_iterate(cl);
3103 }
3104 }
3105
3106 void
3107 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::post_compact() {
3108 }
3109
3110 void
3111 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::prepare_for_verify() {
3112 // Fix the linear allocation blocks to look like free blocks.
3113
3114 // Locks are normally acquired/released in gc_prologue/gc_epilogue, but those
3115 // are not called when the heap is verified during universe initialization and
3116 // at vm shutdown.
3117 if (freelistLock()->owned_by_self()) {
3118 cmsSpace()->prepare_for_verify();
3119 } else {
3120 MutexLockerEx fll(freelistLock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
3121 cmsSpace()->prepare_for_verify();
3122 }
3123 }
3124
3125 void
3126 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::verify() {
3127 // Locks are normally acquired/released in gc_prologue/gc_epilogue, but those
3128 // are not called when the heap is verified during universe initialization and
3129 // at vm shutdown.
3130 if (freelistLock()->owned_by_self()) {
3131 cmsSpace()->verify();
3132 } else {
3133 MutexLockerEx fll(freelistLock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
3134 cmsSpace()->verify();
3135 }
3136 }
3137
3138 void CMSCollector::verify() {
3139 _cmsGen->verify();
3140 }
3141
3142 #ifndef PRODUCT
3143 bool CMSCollector::overflow_list_is_empty() const {
3144 assert(_num_par_pushes >= 0, "Inconsistency");
3145 if (_overflow_list == NULL) {
3146 assert(_num_par_pushes == 0, "Inconsistency");
3147 }
3148 return _overflow_list == NULL;
3149 }
3150
3151 // The methods verify_work_stacks_empty() and verify_overflow_empty()
3152 // merely consolidate assertion checks that appear to occur together frequently.
3153 void CMSCollector::verify_work_stacks_empty() const {
3154 assert(_markStack.isEmpty(), "Marking stack should be empty");
3155 assert(overflow_list_is_empty(), "Overflow list should be empty");
3156 }
3157
3158 void CMSCollector::verify_overflow_empty() const {
3159 assert(overflow_list_is_empty(), "Overflow list should be empty");
3160 assert(no_preserved_marks(), "No preserved marks");
3161 }
3162 #endif // PRODUCT
3163
3164 // Decide if we want to enable class unloading as part of the
3165 // ensuing concurrent GC cycle. We will collect and
3166 // unload classes if it's the case that:
3167 // (1) an explicit gc request has been made and the flag
3168 // ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses is set, OR
3169 // (2) (a) class unloading is enabled at the command line, and
3170 // (b) old gen is getting really full
3171 // NOTE: Provided there is no change in the state of the heap between
3172 // calls to this method, it should have idempotent results. Moreover,
3173 // its results should be monotonically increasing (i.e. going from 0 to 1,
3174 // but not 1 to 0) between successive calls between which the heap was
3175 // not collected. For the implementation below, it must thus rely on
3176 // the property that concurrent_cycles_since_last_unload()
3177 // will not decrease unless a collection cycle happened and that
3178 // _cmsGen->is_too_full() are
3179 // themselves also monotonic in that sense. See check_monotonicity()
3180 // below.
3181 void CMSCollector::update_should_unload_classes() {
3182 _should_unload_classes = false;
3183 // Condition 1 above
3184 if (_full_gc_requested && ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses) {
3185 _should_unload_classes = true;
3186 } else if (CMSClassUnloadingEnabled) { // Condition 2.a above
3187 // Disjuncts 2.b.(i,ii,iii) above
3188 _should_unload_classes = (concurrent_cycles_since_last_unload() >=
3189 CMSClassUnloadingMaxInterval)
3190 || _cmsGen->is_too_full();
3191 }
3192 }
3193
3194 bool ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::is_too_full() const {
3195 bool res = should_concurrent_collect();
3196 res = res && (occupancy() > (double)CMSIsTooFullPercentage/100.0);
3197 return res;
3198 }
3199
3200 void CMSCollector::setup_cms_unloading_and_verification_state() {
3201 const bool should_verify = VerifyBeforeGC || VerifyAfterGC || VerifyDuringGC
3202 || VerifyBeforeExit;
3203 const int rso = SharedHeap::SO_Strings | SharedHeap::SO_CodeCache;
3204
3205 if (should_unload_classes()) { // Should unload classes this cycle
3206 remove_root_scanning_option(rso); // Shrink the root set appropriately
3207 set_verifying(should_verify); // Set verification state for this cycle
3208 return; // Nothing else needs to be done at this time
3209 }
3210
3211 // Not unloading classes this cycle
3212 assert(!should_unload_classes(), "Inconsitency!");
3213 if ((!verifying() || unloaded_classes_last_cycle()) && should_verify) {
3214 // Include symbols, strings and code cache elements to prevent their resurrection.
3215 add_root_scanning_option(rso);
3216 set_verifying(true);
3217 } else if (verifying() && !should_verify) {
3218 // We were verifying, but some verification flags got disabled.
3219 set_verifying(false);
3220 // Exclude symbols, strings and code cache elements from root scanning to
3221 // reduce IM and RM pauses.
3222 remove_root_scanning_option(rso);
3223 }
3224 }
3225
3226
3227 #ifndef PRODUCT
3228 HeapWord* CMSCollector::block_start(const void* p) const {
3229 const HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)p;
3230 if (_span.contains(p)) {
3231 if (_cmsGen->cmsSpace()->is_in_reserved(addr)) {
3232 return _cmsGen->cmsSpace()->block_start(p);
3233 }
3234 }
3235 return NULL;
3236 }
3237 #endif
3238
3239 HeapWord*
3240 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::expand_and_allocate(size_t word_size,
3241 bool tlab,
3242 bool parallel) {
3243 CMSSynchronousYieldRequest yr;
3244 assert(!tlab, "Can't deal with TLAB allocation");
3245 MutexLockerEx x(freelistLock(), Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
3246 expand(word_size*HeapWordSize, MinHeapDeltaBytes,
3247 CMSExpansionCause::_satisfy_allocation);
3248 if (GCExpandToAllocateDelayMillis > 0) {
3249 os::sleep(Thread::current(), GCExpandToAllocateDelayMillis, false);
3250 }
3251 return have_lock_and_allocate(word_size, tlab);
3252 }
3253
3254 // YSR: All of this generation expansion/shrinking stuff is an exact copy of
3255 // OneContigSpaceCardGeneration, which makes me wonder if we should move this
3256 // to CardGeneration and share it...
3257 bool ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::expand(size_t bytes, size_t expand_bytes) {
3258 return CardGeneration::expand(bytes, expand_bytes);
3259 }
3260
3261 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::expand(size_t bytes, size_t expand_bytes,
3262 CMSExpansionCause::Cause cause)
3263 {
3264
3265 bool success = expand(bytes, expand_bytes);
3266
3267 // remember why we expanded; this information is used
3268 // by shouldConcurrentCollect() when making decisions on whether to start
3269 // a new CMS cycle.
3270 if (success) {
3271 set_expansion_cause(cause);
3272 if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
3273 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Expanded CMS gen for %s",
3274 CMSExpansionCause::to_string(cause));
3275 }
3276 }
3277 }
3278
3279 HeapWord* ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::expand_and_par_lab_allocate(CMSParGCThreadState* ps, size_t word_sz) {
3280 HeapWord* res = NULL;
3281 MutexLocker x(ParGCRareEvent_lock);
3282 while (true) {
3283 // Expansion by some other thread might make alloc OK now:
3284 res = ps->lab.alloc(word_sz);
3285 if (res != NULL) return res;
3286 // If there's not enough expansion space available, give up.
3287 if (_virtual_space.uncommitted_size() < (word_sz * HeapWordSize)) {
3288 return NULL;
3289 }
3290 // Otherwise, we try expansion.
3291 expand(word_sz*HeapWordSize, MinHeapDeltaBytes,
3292 CMSExpansionCause::_allocate_par_lab);
3293 // Now go around the loop and try alloc again;
3294 // A competing par_promote might beat us to the expansion space,
3295 // so we may go around the loop again if promotion fails agaion.
3296 if (GCExpandToAllocateDelayMillis > 0) {
3297 os::sleep(Thread::current(), GCExpandToAllocateDelayMillis, false);
3298 }
3299 }
3300 }
3301
3302
3303 bool ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::expand_and_ensure_spooling_space(
3304 PromotionInfo* promo) {
3305 MutexLocker x(ParGCRareEvent_lock);
3306 size_t refill_size_bytes = promo->refillSize() * HeapWordSize;
3307 while (true) {
3308 // Expansion by some other thread might make alloc OK now:
3309 if (promo->ensure_spooling_space()) {
3310 assert(promo->has_spooling_space(),
3311 "Post-condition of successful ensure_spooling_space()");
3312 return true;
3313 }
3314 // If there's not enough expansion space available, give up.
3315 if (_virtual_space.uncommitted_size() < refill_size_bytes) {
3316 return false;
3317 }
3318 // Otherwise, we try expansion.
3319 expand(refill_size_bytes, MinHeapDeltaBytes,
3320 CMSExpansionCause::_allocate_par_spooling_space);
3321 // Now go around the loop and try alloc again;
3322 // A competing allocation might beat us to the expansion space,
3323 // so we may go around the loop again if allocation fails again.
3324 if (GCExpandToAllocateDelayMillis > 0) {
3325 os::sleep(Thread::current(), GCExpandToAllocateDelayMillis, false);
3326 }
3327 }
3328 }
3329
3330
3331 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::shrink_by(size_t bytes) {
3332 assert_locked_or_safepoint(ExpandHeap_lock);
3333 // Shrink committed space
3334 _virtual_space.shrink_by(bytes);
3335 // Shrink space; this also shrinks the space's BOT
3336 _cmsSpace->set_end((HeapWord*) _virtual_space.high());
3337 size_t new_word_size = heap_word_size(_cmsSpace->capacity());
3338 // Shrink the shared block offset array
3339 _bts->resize(new_word_size);
3340 MemRegion mr(_cmsSpace->bottom(), new_word_size);
3341 // Shrink the card table
3342 Universe::heap()->barrier_set()->resize_covered_region(mr);
3343
3344 if (Verbose && PrintGC) {
3345 size_t new_mem_size = _virtual_space.committed_size();
3346 size_t old_mem_size = new_mem_size + bytes;
3347 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Shrinking %s from " SIZE_FORMAT "K to " SIZE_FORMAT "K",
3348 name(), old_mem_size/K, new_mem_size/K);
3349 }
3350 }
3351
3352 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::shrink(size_t bytes) {
3353 assert_locked_or_safepoint(Heap_lock);
3354 size_t size = ReservedSpace::page_align_size_down(bytes);
3355 if (size > 0) {
3356 shrink_by(size);
3357 }
3358 }
3359
3360 bool ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::grow_by(size_t bytes) {
3361 assert_locked_or_safepoint(Heap_lock);
3362 bool result = _virtual_space.expand_by(bytes);
3363 if (result) {
3364 size_t new_word_size =
3365 heap_word_size(_virtual_space.committed_size());
3366 MemRegion mr(_cmsSpace->bottom(), new_word_size);
3367 _bts->resize(new_word_size); // resize the block offset shared array
3368 Universe::heap()->barrier_set()->resize_covered_region(mr);
3369 // Hmmmm... why doesn't CFLS::set_end verify locking?
3370 // This is quite ugly; FIX ME XXX
3371 _cmsSpace->assert_locked(freelistLock());
3372 _cmsSpace->set_end((HeapWord*)_virtual_space.high());
3373
3374 // update the space and generation capacity counters
3375 if (UsePerfData) {
3376 _space_counters->update_capacity();
3377 _gen_counters->update_all();
3378 }
3379
3380 if (Verbose && PrintGC) {
3381 size_t new_mem_size = _virtual_space.committed_size();
3382 size_t old_mem_size = new_mem_size - bytes;
3383 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Expanding %s from " SIZE_FORMAT "K by " SIZE_FORMAT "K to " SIZE_FORMAT "K",
3384 name(), old_mem_size/K, bytes/K, new_mem_size/K);
3385 }
3386 }
3387 return result;
3388 }
3389
3390 bool ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::grow_to_reserved() {
3391 assert_locked_or_safepoint(Heap_lock);
3392 bool success = true;
3393 const size_t remaining_bytes = _virtual_space.uncommitted_size();
3394 if (remaining_bytes > 0) {
3395 success = grow_by(remaining_bytes);
3396 DEBUG_ONLY(if (!success) warning("grow to reserved failed");)
3397 }
3398 return success;
3399 }
3400
3401 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::shrink_free_list_by(size_t bytes) {
3402 assert_locked_or_safepoint(Heap_lock);
3403 assert_lock_strong(freelistLock());
3404 if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
3405 warning("Shrinking of CMS not yet implemented");
3406 }
3407 return;
3408 }
3409
3410
3411 // Simple ctor/dtor wrapper for accounting & timer chores around concurrent
3412 // phases.
3413 class CMSPhaseAccounting: public StackObj {
3414 public:
3415 CMSPhaseAccounting(CMSCollector *collector,
3416 const char *phase,
3417 bool print_cr = true);
3418 ~CMSPhaseAccounting();
3419
3420 private:
3421 CMSCollector *_collector;
3422 const char *_phase;
3423 elapsedTimer _wallclock;
3424 bool _print_cr;
3425
3426 public:
3427 // Not MT-safe; so do not pass around these StackObj's
3428 // where they may be accessed by other threads.
3429 jlong wallclock_millis() {
3430 assert(_wallclock.is_active(), "Wall clock should not stop");
3431 _wallclock.stop(); // to record time
3432 jlong ret = _wallclock.milliseconds();
3433 _wallclock.start(); // restart
3434 return ret;
3435 }
3436 };
3437
3438 CMSPhaseAccounting::CMSPhaseAccounting(CMSCollector *collector,
3439 const char *phase,
3440 bool print_cr) :
3441 _collector(collector), _phase(phase), _print_cr(print_cr) {
3442
3443 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
3444 _collector->resetYields();
3445 }
3446 if (PrintGCDetails) {
3447 gclog_or_tty->date_stamp(PrintGCDateStamps);
3448 gclog_or_tty->stamp(PrintGCTimeStamps);
3449 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("[%s-concurrent-%s-start]",
3450 _collector->cmsGen()->short_name(), _phase);
3451 }
3452 _collector->resetTimer();
3453 _wallclock.start();
3454 _collector->startTimer();
3455 }
3456
3457 CMSPhaseAccounting::~CMSPhaseAccounting() {
3458 assert(_wallclock.is_active(), "Wall clock should not have stopped");
3459 _collector->stopTimer();
3460 _wallclock.stop();
3461 if (PrintGCDetails) {
3462 gclog_or_tty->date_stamp(PrintGCDateStamps);
3463 gclog_or_tty->stamp(PrintGCTimeStamps);
3464 gclog_or_tty->print("[%s-concurrent-%s: %3.3f/%3.3f secs]",
3465 _collector->cmsGen()->short_name(),
3466 _phase, _collector->timerValue(), _wallclock.seconds());
3467 if (_print_cr) {
3468 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("");
3469 }
3470 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
3471 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" (CMS-concurrent-%s yielded %d times)", _phase,
3472 _collector->yields());
3473 }
3474 }
3475 }
3476
3477 // CMS work
3478
3479 // Checkpoint the roots into this generation from outside
3480 // this generation. [Note this initial checkpoint need only
3481 // be approximate -- we'll do a catch up phase subsequently.]
3482 void CMSCollector::checkpointRootsInitial(bool asynch) {
3483 assert(_collectorState == InitialMarking, "Wrong collector state");
3484 check_correct_thread_executing();
3485 TraceCMSMemoryManagerStats tms(_collectorState,GenCollectedHeap::heap()->gc_cause());
3486
3487 ReferenceProcessor* rp = ref_processor();
3488 SpecializationStats::clear();
3489 assert(_restart_addr == NULL, "Control point invariant");
3490 if (asynch) {
3491 // acquire locks for subsequent manipulations
3492 MutexLockerEx x(bitMapLock(),
3493 Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
3494 checkpointRootsInitialWork(asynch);
3495 // enable ("weak") refs discovery
3496 rp->enable_discovery(true /*verify_disabled*/, true /*check_no_refs*/);
3497 _collectorState = Marking;
3498 } else {
3499 // (Weak) Refs discovery: this is controlled from genCollectedHeap::do_collection
3500 // which recognizes if we are a CMS generation, and doesn't try to turn on
3501 // discovery; verify that they aren't meddling.
3502 assert(!rp->discovery_is_atomic(),
3503 "incorrect setting of discovery predicate");
3504 assert(!rp->discovery_enabled(), "genCollectedHeap shouldn't control "
3505 "ref discovery for this generation kind");
3506 // already have locks
3507 checkpointRootsInitialWork(asynch);
3508 // now enable ("weak") refs discovery
3509 rp->enable_discovery(true /*verify_disabled*/, false /*verify_no_refs*/);
3510 _collectorState = Marking;
3511 }
3512 SpecializationStats::print();
3513 }
3514
3515 void CMSCollector::checkpointRootsInitialWork(bool asynch) {
3516 assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "world should be stopped");
3517 assert(_collectorState == InitialMarking, "just checking");
3518
3519 // If there has not been a GC[n-1] since last GC[n] cycle completed,
3520 // precede our marking with a collection of all
3521 // younger generations to keep floating garbage to a minimum.
3522 // XXX: we won't do this for now -- it's an optimization to be done later.
3523
3524 // already have locks
3525 assert_lock_strong(bitMapLock());
3526 assert(_markBitMap.isAllClear(), "was reset at end of previous cycle");
3527
3528 // Setup the verification and class unloading state for this
3529 // CMS collection cycle.
3530 setup_cms_unloading_and_verification_state();
3531
3532 NOT_PRODUCT(TraceTime t("\ncheckpointRootsInitialWork",
3533 PrintGCDetails && Verbose, true, gclog_or_tty);)
3534 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
3535 size_policy()->checkpoint_roots_initial_begin();
3536 }
3537
3538 // Reset all the PLAB chunk arrays if necessary.
3539 if (_survivor_plab_array != NULL && !CMSPLABRecordAlways) {
3540 reset_survivor_plab_arrays();
3541 }
3542
3543 ResourceMark rm;
3544 HandleMark hm;
3545
3546 FalseClosure falseClosure;
3547 // In the case of a synchronous collection, we will elide the
3548 // remark step, so it's important to catch all the nmethod oops
3549 // in this step.
3550 // The final 'true' flag to gen_process_strong_roots will ensure this.
3551 // If 'async' is true, we can relax the nmethod tracing.
3552 MarkRefsIntoClosure notOlder(_span, &_markBitMap);
3553 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
3554
3555 verify_work_stacks_empty();
3556 verify_overflow_empty();
3557
3558 gch->ensure_parsability(false); // fill TLABs, but no need to retire them
3559 // Update the saved marks which may affect the root scans.
3560 gch->save_marks();
3561
3562 // weak reference processing has not started yet.
3563 ref_processor()->set_enqueuing_is_done(false);
3564
3565 // Need to remember all newly created CLDs,
3566 // so that we can guarantee that the remark finds them.
3567 ClassLoaderDataGraph::remember_new_clds(true);
3568
3569 // Whenever a CLD is found, it will be claimed before proceeding to mark
3570 // the klasses. The claimed marks need to be cleared before marking starts.
3571 ClassLoaderDataGraph::clear_claimed_marks();
3572
3573 CMKlassClosure klass_closure(¬Older);
3574 {
3575 COMPILER2_PRESENT(DerivedPointerTableDeactivate dpt_deact;)
3576 gch->rem_set()->prepare_for_younger_refs_iterate(false); // Not parallel.
3577 gch->gen_process_strong_roots(_cmsGen->level(),
3578 true, // younger gens are roots
3579 true, // activate StrongRootsScope
3580 false, // not scavenging
3581 SharedHeap::ScanningOption(roots_scanning_options()),
3582 ¬Older,
3583 true, // walk all of code cache if (so & SO_CodeCache)
3584 NULL,
3585 &klass_closure);
3586 }
3587
3588 // Clear mod-union table; it will be dirtied in the prologue of
3589 // CMS generation per each younger generation collection.
3590
3591 assert(_modUnionTable.isAllClear(),
3592 "Was cleared in most recent final checkpoint phase"
3593 " or no bits are set in the gc_prologue before the start of the next "
3594 "subsequent marking phase.");
3595
3596 assert(_ct->klass_rem_set()->mod_union_is_clear(), "Must be");
3597
3598 // Save the end of the used_region of the constituent generations
3599 // to be used to limit the extent of sweep in each generation.
3600 save_sweep_limits();
3601 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
3602 size_policy()->checkpoint_roots_initial_end(gch->gc_cause());
3603 }
3604 verify_overflow_empty();
3605 }
3606
3607 bool CMSCollector::markFromRoots(bool asynch) {
3608 // we might be tempted to assert that:
3609 // assert(asynch == !SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(),
3610 // "inconsistent argument?");
3611 // However that wouldn't be right, because it's possible that
3612 // a safepoint is indeed in progress as a younger generation
3613 // stop-the-world GC happens even as we mark in this generation.
3614 assert(_collectorState == Marking, "inconsistent state?");
3615 check_correct_thread_executing();
3616 verify_overflow_empty();
3617
3618 bool res;
3619 if (asynch) {
3620
3621 // Start the timers for adaptive size policy for the concurrent phases
3622 // Do it here so that the foreground MS can use the concurrent
3623 // timer since a foreground MS might has the sweep done concurrently
3624 // or STW.
3625 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
3626 size_policy()->concurrent_marking_begin();
3627 }
3628
3629 // Weak ref discovery note: We may be discovering weak
3630 // refs in this generation concurrent (but interleaved) with
3631 // weak ref discovery by a younger generation collector.
3632
3633 CMSTokenSyncWithLocks ts(true, bitMapLock());
3634 TraceCPUTime tcpu(PrintGCDetails, true, gclog_or_tty);
3635 CMSPhaseAccounting pa(this, "mark", !PrintGCDetails);
3636 res = markFromRootsWork(asynch);
3637 if (res) {
3638 _collectorState = Precleaning;
3639 } else { // We failed and a foreground collection wants to take over
3640 assert(_foregroundGCIsActive, "internal state inconsistency");
3641 assert(_restart_addr == NULL, "foreground will restart from scratch");
3642 if (PrintGCDetails) {
3643 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("bailing out to foreground collection");
3644 }
3645 }
3646 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
3647 size_policy()->concurrent_marking_end();
3648 }
3649 } else {
3650 assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(),
3651 "inconsistent with asynch == false");
3652 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
3653 size_policy()->ms_collection_marking_begin();
3654 }
3655 // already have locks
3656 res = markFromRootsWork(asynch);
3657 _collectorState = FinalMarking;
3658 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
3659 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
3660 size_policy()->ms_collection_marking_end(gch->gc_cause());
3661 }
3662 }
3663 verify_overflow_empty();
3664 return res;
3665 }
3666
3667 bool CMSCollector::markFromRootsWork(bool asynch) {
3668 // iterate over marked bits in bit map, doing a full scan and mark
3669 // from these roots using the following algorithm:
3670 // . if oop is to the right of the current scan pointer,
3671 // mark corresponding bit (we'll process it later)
3672 // . else (oop is to left of current scan pointer)
3673 // push oop on marking stack
3674 // . drain the marking stack
3675
3676 // Note that when we do a marking step we need to hold the
3677 // bit map lock -- recall that direct allocation (by mutators)
3678 // and promotion (by younger generation collectors) is also
3679 // marking the bit map. [the so-called allocate live policy.]
3680 // Because the implementation of bit map marking is not
3681 // robust wrt simultaneous marking of bits in the same word,
3682 // we need to make sure that there is no such interference
3683 // between concurrent such updates.
3684
3685 // already have locks
3686 assert_lock_strong(bitMapLock());
3687
3688 verify_work_stacks_empty();
3689 verify_overflow_empty();
3690 bool result = false;
3691 if (CMSConcurrentMTEnabled && ConcGCThreads > 0) {
3692 result = do_marking_mt(asynch);
3693 } else {
3694 result = do_marking_st(asynch);
3695 }
3696 return result;
3697 }
3698
3699 // Forward decl
3700 class CMSConcMarkingTask;
3701
3702 class CMSConcMarkingTerminator: public ParallelTaskTerminator {
3703 CMSCollector* _collector;
3704 CMSConcMarkingTask* _task;
3705 public:
3706 virtual void yield();
3707
3708 // "n_threads" is the number of threads to be terminated.
3709 // "queue_set" is a set of work queues of other threads.
3710 // "collector" is the CMS collector associated with this task terminator.
3711 // "yield" indicates whether we need the gang as a whole to yield.
3712 CMSConcMarkingTerminator(int n_threads, TaskQueueSetSuper* queue_set, CMSCollector* collector) :
3713 ParallelTaskTerminator(n_threads, queue_set),
3714 _collector(collector) { }
3715
3716 void set_task(CMSConcMarkingTask* task) {
3717 _task = task;
3718 }
3719 };
3720
3721 class CMSConcMarkingTerminatorTerminator: public TerminatorTerminator {
3722 CMSConcMarkingTask* _task;
3723 public:
3724 bool should_exit_termination();
3725 void set_task(CMSConcMarkingTask* task) {
3726 _task = task;
3727 }
3728 };
3729
3730 // MT Concurrent Marking Task
3731 class CMSConcMarkingTask: public YieldingFlexibleGangTask {
3732 CMSCollector* _collector;
3733 int _n_workers; // requested/desired # workers
3734 bool _asynch;
3735 bool _result;
3736 CompactibleFreeListSpace* _cms_space;
3737 char _pad_front[64]; // padding to ...
3738 HeapWord* _global_finger; // ... avoid sharing cache line
3739 char _pad_back[64];
3740 HeapWord* _restart_addr;
3741
3742 // Exposed here for yielding support
3743 Mutex* const _bit_map_lock;
3744
3745 // The per thread work queues, available here for stealing
3746 OopTaskQueueSet* _task_queues;
3747
3748 // Termination (and yielding) support
3749 CMSConcMarkingTerminator _term;
3750 CMSConcMarkingTerminatorTerminator _term_term;
3751
3752 public:
3753 CMSConcMarkingTask(CMSCollector* collector,
3754 CompactibleFreeListSpace* cms_space,
3755 bool asynch,
3756 YieldingFlexibleWorkGang* workers,
3757 OopTaskQueueSet* task_queues):
3758 YieldingFlexibleGangTask("Concurrent marking done multi-threaded"),
3759 _collector(collector),
3760 _cms_space(cms_space),
3761 _asynch(asynch), _n_workers(0), _result(true),
3762 _task_queues(task_queues),
3763 _term(_n_workers, task_queues, _collector),
3764 _bit_map_lock(collector->bitMapLock())
3765 {
3766 _requested_size = _n_workers;
3767 _term.set_task(this);
3768 _term_term.set_task(this);
3769 _restart_addr = _global_finger = _cms_space->bottom();
3770 }
3771
3772
3773 OopTaskQueueSet* task_queues() { return _task_queues; }
3774
3775 OopTaskQueue* work_queue(int i) { return task_queues()->queue(i); }
3776
3777 HeapWord** global_finger_addr() { return &_global_finger; }
3778
3779 CMSConcMarkingTerminator* terminator() { return &_term; }
3780
3781 virtual void set_for_termination(int active_workers) {
3782 terminator()->reset_for_reuse(active_workers);
3783 }
3784
3785 void work(uint worker_id);
3786 bool should_yield() {
3787 return ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::should_yield()
3788 && !_collector->foregroundGCIsActive()
3789 && _asynch;
3790 }
3791
3792 virtual void coordinator_yield(); // stuff done by coordinator
3793 bool result() { return _result; }
3794
3795 void reset(HeapWord* ra) {
3796 assert(_global_finger >= _cms_space->end(), "Postcondition of ::work(i)");
3797 _restart_addr = _global_finger = ra;
3798 _term.reset_for_reuse();
3799 }
3800
3801 static bool get_work_from_overflow_stack(CMSMarkStack* ovflw_stk,
3802 OopTaskQueue* work_q);
3803
3804 private:
3805 void do_scan_and_mark(int i, CompactibleFreeListSpace* sp);
3806 void do_work_steal(int i);
3807 void bump_global_finger(HeapWord* f);
3808 };
3809
3810 bool CMSConcMarkingTerminatorTerminator::should_exit_termination() {
3811 assert(_task != NULL, "Error");
3812 return _task->yielding();
3813 // Note that we do not need the disjunct || _task->should_yield() above
3814 // because we want terminating threads to yield only if the task
3815 // is already in the midst of yielding, which happens only after at least one
3816 // thread has yielded.
3817 }
3818
3819 void CMSConcMarkingTerminator::yield() {
3820 if (_task->should_yield()) {
3821 _task->yield();
3822 } else {
3823 ParallelTaskTerminator::yield();
3824 }
3825 }
3826
3827 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
3828 // Concurrent Marking Algorithm Sketch
3829 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
3830 // Until all tasks exhausted (both spaces):
3831 // -- claim next available chunk
3832 // -- bump global finger via CAS
3833 // -- find first object that starts in this chunk
3834 // and start scanning bitmap from that position
3835 // -- scan marked objects for oops
3836 // -- CAS-mark target, and if successful:
3837 // . if target oop is above global finger (volatile read)
3838 // nothing to do
3839 // . if target oop is in chunk and above local finger
3840 // then nothing to do
3841 // . else push on work-queue
3842 // -- Deal with possible overflow issues:
3843 // . local work-queue overflow causes stuff to be pushed on
3844 // global (common) overflow queue
3845 // . always first empty local work queue
3846 // . then get a batch of oops from global work queue if any
3847 // . then do work stealing
3848 // -- When all tasks claimed (both spaces)
3849 // and local work queue empty,
3850 // then in a loop do:
3851 // . check global overflow stack; steal a batch of oops and trace
3852 // . try to steal from other threads oif GOS is empty
3853 // . if neither is available, offer termination
3854 // -- Terminate and return result
3855 //
3856 void CMSConcMarkingTask::work(uint worker_id) {
3857 elapsedTimer _timer;
3858 ResourceMark rm;
3859 HandleMark hm;
3860
3861 DEBUG_ONLY(_collector->verify_overflow_empty();)
3862
3863 // Before we begin work, our work queue should be empty
3864 assert(work_queue(worker_id)->size() == 0, "Expected to be empty");
3865 // Scan the bitmap covering _cms_space, tracing through grey objects.
3866 _timer.start();
3867 do_scan_and_mark(worker_id, _cms_space);
3868 _timer.stop();
3869 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
3870 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Finished cms space scanning in %dth thread: %3.3f sec",
3871 worker_id, _timer.seconds());
3872 // XXX: need xxx/xxx type of notation, two timers
3873 }
3874
3875 // ... do work stealing
3876 _timer.reset();
3877 _timer.start();
3878 do_work_steal(worker_id);
3879 _timer.stop();
3880 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
3881 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Finished work stealing in %dth thread: %3.3f sec",
3882 worker_id, _timer.seconds());
3883 // XXX: need xxx/xxx type of notation, two timers
3884 }
3885 assert(_collector->_markStack.isEmpty(), "Should have been emptied");
3886 assert(work_queue(worker_id)->size() == 0, "Should have been emptied");
3887 // Note that under the current task protocol, the
3888 // following assertion is true even of the spaces
3889 // expanded since the completion of the concurrent
3890 // marking. XXX This will likely change under a strict
3891 // ABORT semantics.
3892 // After perm removal the comparison was changed to
3893 // greater than or equal to from strictly greater than.
3894 // Before perm removal the highest address sweep would
3895 // have been at the end of perm gen but now is at the
3896 // end of the tenured gen.
3897 assert(_global_finger >= _cms_space->end(),
3898 "All tasks have been completed");
3899 DEBUG_ONLY(_collector->verify_overflow_empty();)
3900 }
3901
3902 void CMSConcMarkingTask::bump_global_finger(HeapWord* f) {
3903 HeapWord* read = _global_finger;
3904 HeapWord* cur = read;
3905 while (f > read) {
3906 cur = read;
3907 read = (HeapWord*) Atomic::cmpxchg_ptr(f, &_global_finger, cur);
3908 if (cur == read) {
3909 // our cas succeeded
3910 assert(_global_finger >= f, "protocol consistency");
3911 break;
3912 }
3913 }
3914 }
3915
3916 // This is really inefficient, and should be redone by
3917 // using (not yet available) block-read and -write interfaces to the
3918 // stack and the work_queue. XXX FIX ME !!!
3919 bool CMSConcMarkingTask::get_work_from_overflow_stack(CMSMarkStack* ovflw_stk,
3920 OopTaskQueue* work_q) {
3921 // Fast lock-free check
3922 if (ovflw_stk->length() == 0) {
3923 return false;
3924 }
3925 assert(work_q->size() == 0, "Shouldn't steal");
3926 MutexLockerEx ml(ovflw_stk->par_lock(),
3927 Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
3928 // Grab up to 1/4 the size of the work queue
3929 size_t num = MIN2((size_t)(work_q->max_elems() - work_q->size())/4,
3930 (size_t)ParGCDesiredObjsFromOverflowList);
3931 num = MIN2(num, ovflw_stk->length());
3932 for (int i = (int) num; i > 0; i--) {
3933 oop cur = ovflw_stk->pop();
3934 assert(cur != NULL, "Counted wrong?");
3935 work_q->push(cur);
3936 }
3937 return num > 0;
3938 }
3939
3940 void CMSConcMarkingTask::do_scan_and_mark(int i, CompactibleFreeListSpace* sp) {
3941 SequentialSubTasksDone* pst = sp->conc_par_seq_tasks();
3942 int n_tasks = pst->n_tasks();
3943 // We allow that there may be no tasks to do here because
3944 // we are restarting after a stack overflow.
3945 assert(pst->valid() || n_tasks == 0, "Uninitialized use?");
3946 uint nth_task = 0;
3947
3948 HeapWord* aligned_start = sp->bottom();
3949 if (sp->used_region().contains(_restart_addr)) {
3950 // Align down to a card boundary for the start of 0th task
3951 // for this space.
3952 aligned_start =
3953 (HeapWord*)align_size_down((uintptr_t)_restart_addr,
3954 CardTableModRefBS::card_size);
3955 }
3956
3957 size_t chunk_size = sp->marking_task_size();
3958 while (!pst->is_task_claimed(/* reference */ nth_task)) {
3959 // Having claimed the nth task in this space,
3960 // compute the chunk that it corresponds to:
3961 MemRegion span = MemRegion(aligned_start + nth_task*chunk_size,
3962 aligned_start + (nth_task+1)*chunk_size);
3963 // Try and bump the global finger via a CAS;
3964 // note that we need to do the global finger bump
3965 // _before_ taking the intersection below, because
3966 // the task corresponding to that region will be
3967 // deemed done even if the used_region() expands
3968 // because of allocation -- as it almost certainly will
3969 // during start-up while the threads yield in the
3970 // closure below.
3971 HeapWord* finger = span.end();
3972 bump_global_finger(finger); // atomically
3973 // There are null tasks here corresponding to chunks
3974 // beyond the "top" address of the space.
3975 span = span.intersection(sp->used_region());
3976 if (!span.is_empty()) { // Non-null task
3977 HeapWord* prev_obj;
3978 assert(!span.contains(_restart_addr) || nth_task == 0,
3979 "Inconsistency");
3980 if (nth_task == 0) {
3981 // For the 0th task, we'll not need to compute a block_start.
3982 if (span.contains(_restart_addr)) {
3983 // In the case of a restart because of stack overflow,
3984 // we might additionally skip a chunk prefix.
3985 prev_obj = _restart_addr;
3986 } else {
3987 prev_obj = span.start();
3988 }
3989 } else {
3990 // We want to skip the first object because
3991 // the protocol is to scan any object in its entirety
3992 // that _starts_ in this span; a fortiori, any
3993 // object starting in an earlier span is scanned
3994 // as part of an earlier claimed task.
3995 // Below we use the "careful" version of block_start
3996 // so we do not try to navigate uninitialized objects.
3997 prev_obj = sp->block_start_careful(span.start());
3998 // Below we use a variant of block_size that uses the
3999 // Printezis bits to avoid waiting for allocated
4000 // objects to become initialized/parsable.
4001 while (prev_obj < span.start()) {
4002 size_t sz = sp->block_size_no_stall(prev_obj, _collector);
4003 if (sz > 0) {
4004 prev_obj += sz;
4005 } else {
4006 // In this case we may end up doing a bit of redundant
4007 // scanning, but that appears unavoidable, short of
4008 // locking the free list locks; see bug 6324141.
4009 break;
4010 }
4011 }
4012 }
4013 if (prev_obj < span.end()) {
4014 MemRegion my_span = MemRegion(prev_obj, span.end());
4015 // Do the marking work within a non-empty span --
4016 // the last argument to the constructor indicates whether the
4017 // iteration should be incremental with periodic yields.
4018 Par_MarkFromRootsClosure cl(this, _collector, my_span,
4019 &_collector->_markBitMap,
4020 work_queue(i),
4021 &_collector->_markStack,
4022 _asynch);
4023 _collector->_markBitMap.iterate(&cl, my_span.start(), my_span.end());
4024 } // else nothing to do for this task
4025 } // else nothing to do for this task
4026 }
4027 // We'd be tempted to assert here that since there are no
4028 // more tasks left to claim in this space, the global_finger
4029 // must exceed space->top() and a fortiori space->end(). However,
4030 // that would not quite be correct because the bumping of
4031 // global_finger occurs strictly after the claiming of a task,
4032 // so by the time we reach here the global finger may not yet
4033 // have been bumped up by the thread that claimed the last
4034 // task.
4035 pst->all_tasks_completed();
4036 }
4037
4038 class Par_ConcMarkingClosure: public CMSOopClosure {
4039 private:
4040 CMSCollector* _collector;
4041 CMSConcMarkingTask* _task;
4042 MemRegion _span;
4043 CMSBitMap* _bit_map;
4044 CMSMarkStack* _overflow_stack;
4045 OopTaskQueue* _work_queue;
4046 protected:
4047 DO_OOP_WORK_DEFN
4048 public:
4049 Par_ConcMarkingClosure(CMSCollector* collector, CMSConcMarkingTask* task, OopTaskQueue* work_queue,
4050 CMSBitMap* bit_map, CMSMarkStack* overflow_stack):
4051 CMSOopClosure(collector->ref_processor()),
4052 _collector(collector),
4053 _task(task),
4054 _span(collector->_span),
4055 _work_queue(work_queue),
4056 _bit_map(bit_map),
4057 _overflow_stack(overflow_stack)
4058 { }
4059 virtual void do_oop(oop* p);
4060 virtual void do_oop(narrowOop* p);
4061
4062 void trim_queue(size_t max);
4063 void handle_stack_overflow(HeapWord* lost);
4064 void do_yield_check() {
4065 if (_task->should_yield()) {
4066 _task->yield();
4067 }
4068 }
4069 };
4070
4071 // Grey object scanning during work stealing phase --
4072 // the salient assumption here is that any references
4073 // that are in these stolen objects being scanned must
4074 // already have been initialized (else they would not have
4075 // been published), so we do not need to check for
4076 // uninitialized objects before pushing here.
4077 void Par_ConcMarkingClosure::do_oop(oop obj) {
4078 assert(obj->is_oop_or_null(true), "expected an oop or NULL");
4079 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)obj;
4080 // Check if oop points into the CMS generation
4081 // and is not marked
4082 if (_span.contains(addr) && !_bit_map->isMarked(addr)) {
4083 // a white object ...
4084 // If we manage to "claim" the object, by being the
4085 // first thread to mark it, then we push it on our
4086 // marking stack
4087 if (_bit_map->par_mark(addr)) { // ... now grey
4088 // push on work queue (grey set)
4089 bool simulate_overflow = false;
4090 NOT_PRODUCT(
4091 if (CMSMarkStackOverflowALot &&
4092 _collector->simulate_overflow()) {
4093 // simulate a stack overflow
4094 simulate_overflow = true;
4095 }
4096 )
4097 if (simulate_overflow ||
4098 !(_work_queue->push(obj) || _overflow_stack->par_push(obj))) {
4099 // stack overflow
4100 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
4101 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("CMS marking stack overflow (benign) at "
4102 SIZE_FORMAT, _overflow_stack->capacity());
4103 }
4104 // We cannot assert that the overflow stack is full because
4105 // it may have been emptied since.
4106 assert(simulate_overflow ||
4107 _work_queue->size() == _work_queue->max_elems(),
4108 "Else push should have succeeded");
4109 handle_stack_overflow(addr);
4110 }
4111 } // Else, some other thread got there first
4112 do_yield_check();
4113 }
4114 }
4115
4116 void Par_ConcMarkingClosure::do_oop(oop* p) { Par_ConcMarkingClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
4117 void Par_ConcMarkingClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { Par_ConcMarkingClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
4118
4119 void Par_ConcMarkingClosure::trim_queue(size_t max) {
4120 while (_work_queue->size() > max) {
4121 oop new_oop;
4122 if (_work_queue->pop_local(new_oop)) {
4123 assert(new_oop->is_oop(), "Should be an oop");
4124 assert(_bit_map->isMarked((HeapWord*)new_oop), "Grey object");
4125 assert(_span.contains((HeapWord*)new_oop), "Not in span");
4126 new_oop->oop_iterate(this); // do_oop() above
4127 do_yield_check();
4128 }
4129 }
4130 }
4131
4132 // Upon stack overflow, we discard (part of) the stack,
4133 // remembering the least address amongst those discarded
4134 // in CMSCollector's _restart_address.
4135 void Par_ConcMarkingClosure::handle_stack_overflow(HeapWord* lost) {
4136 // We need to do this under a mutex to prevent other
4137 // workers from interfering with the work done below.
4138 MutexLockerEx ml(_overflow_stack->par_lock(),
4139 Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
4140 // Remember the least grey address discarded
4141 HeapWord* ra = (HeapWord*)_overflow_stack->least_value(lost);
4142 _collector->lower_restart_addr(ra);
4143 _overflow_stack->reset(); // discard stack contents
4144 _overflow_stack->expand(); // expand the stack if possible
4145 }
4146
4147
4148 void CMSConcMarkingTask::do_work_steal(int i) {
4149 OopTaskQueue* work_q = work_queue(i);
4150 oop obj_to_scan;
4151 CMSBitMap* bm = &(_collector->_markBitMap);
4152 CMSMarkStack* ovflw = &(_collector->_markStack);
4153 int* seed = _collector->hash_seed(i);
4154 Par_ConcMarkingClosure cl(_collector, this, work_q, bm, ovflw);
4155 while (true) {
4156 cl.trim_queue(0);
4157 assert(work_q->size() == 0, "Should have been emptied above");
4158 if (get_work_from_overflow_stack(ovflw, work_q)) {
4159 // Can't assert below because the work obtained from the
4160 // overflow stack may already have been stolen from us.
4161 // assert(work_q->size() > 0, "Work from overflow stack");
4162 continue;
4163 } else if (task_queues()->steal(i, seed, /* reference */ obj_to_scan)) {
4164 assert(obj_to_scan->is_oop(), "Should be an oop");
4165 assert(bm->isMarked((HeapWord*)obj_to_scan), "Grey object");
4166 obj_to_scan->oop_iterate(&cl);
4167 } else if (terminator()->offer_termination(&_term_term)) {
4168 assert(work_q->size() == 0, "Impossible!");
4169 break;
4170 } else if (yielding() || should_yield()) {
4171 yield();
4172 }
4173 }
4174 }
4175
4176 // This is run by the CMS (coordinator) thread.
4177 void CMSConcMarkingTask::coordinator_yield() {
4178 assert(ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token(),
4179 "CMS thread should hold CMS token");
4180 // First give up the locks, then yield, then re-lock
4181 // We should probably use a constructor/destructor idiom to
4182 // do this unlock/lock or modify the MutexUnlocker class to
4183 // serve our purpose. XXX
4184 assert_lock_strong(_bit_map_lock);
4185 _bit_map_lock->unlock();
4186 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::desynchronize(true);
4187 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
4188 _collector->stopTimer();
4189 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
4190 _collector->incrementYields();
4191 }
4192 _collector->icms_wait();
4193
4194 // It is possible for whichever thread initiated the yield request
4195 // not to get a chance to wake up and take the bitmap lock between
4196 // this thread releasing it and reacquiring it. So, while the
4197 // should_yield() flag is on, let's sleep for a bit to give the
4198 // other thread a chance to wake up. The limit imposed on the number
4199 // of iterations is defensive, to avoid any unforseen circumstances
4200 // putting us into an infinite loop. Since it's always been this
4201 // (coordinator_yield()) method that was observed to cause the
4202 // problem, we are using a parameter (CMSCoordinatorYieldSleepCount)
4203 // which is by default non-zero. For the other seven methods that
4204 // also perform the yield operation, as are using a different
4205 // parameter (CMSYieldSleepCount) which is by default zero. This way we
4206 // can enable the sleeping for those methods too, if necessary.
4207 // See 6442774.
4208 //
4209 // We really need to reconsider the synchronization between the GC
4210 // thread and the yield-requesting threads in the future and we
4211 // should really use wait/notify, which is the recommended
4212 // way of doing this type of interaction. Additionally, we should
4213 // consolidate the eight methods that do the yield operation and they
4214 // are almost identical into one for better maintenability and
4215 // readability. See 6445193.
4216 //
4217 // Tony 2006.06.29
4218 for (unsigned i = 0; i < CMSCoordinatorYieldSleepCount &&
4219 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::should_yield() &&
4220 !CMSCollector::foregroundGCIsActive(); ++i) {
4221 os::sleep(Thread::current(), 1, false);
4222 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
4223 }
4224
4225 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::synchronize(true);
4226 _bit_map_lock->lock_without_safepoint_check();
4227 _collector->startTimer();
4228 }
4229
4230 bool CMSCollector::do_marking_mt(bool asynch) {
4231 assert(ConcGCThreads > 0 && conc_workers() != NULL, "precondition");
4232 int num_workers = AdaptiveSizePolicy::calc_active_conc_workers(
4233 conc_workers()->total_workers(),
4234 conc_workers()->active_workers(),
4235 Threads::number_of_non_daemon_threads());
4236 conc_workers()->set_active_workers(num_workers);
4237
4238 CompactibleFreeListSpace* cms_space = _cmsGen->cmsSpace();
4239
4240 CMSConcMarkingTask tsk(this,
4241 cms_space,
4242 asynch,
4243 conc_workers(),
4244 task_queues());
4245
4246 // Since the actual number of workers we get may be different
4247 // from the number we requested above, do we need to do anything different
4248 // below? In particular, may be we need to subclass the SequantialSubTasksDone
4249 // class?? XXX
4250 cms_space ->initialize_sequential_subtasks_for_marking(num_workers);
4251
4252 // Refs discovery is already non-atomic.
4253 assert(!ref_processor()->discovery_is_atomic(), "Should be non-atomic");
4254 assert(ref_processor()->discovery_is_mt(), "Discovery should be MT");
4255 conc_workers()->start_task(&tsk);
4256 while (tsk.yielded()) {
4257 tsk.coordinator_yield();
4258 conc_workers()->continue_task(&tsk);
4259 }
4260 // If the task was aborted, _restart_addr will be non-NULL
4261 assert(tsk.completed() || _restart_addr != NULL, "Inconsistency");
4262 while (_restart_addr != NULL) {
4263 // XXX For now we do not make use of ABORTED state and have not
4264 // yet implemented the right abort semantics (even in the original
4265 // single-threaded CMS case). That needs some more investigation
4266 // and is deferred for now; see CR# TBF. 07252005YSR. XXX
4267 assert(!CMSAbortSemantics || tsk.aborted(), "Inconsistency");
4268 // If _restart_addr is non-NULL, a marking stack overflow
4269 // occurred; we need to do a fresh marking iteration from the
4270 // indicated restart address.
4271 if (_foregroundGCIsActive && asynch) {
4272 // We may be running into repeated stack overflows, having
4273 // reached the limit of the stack size, while making very
4274 // slow forward progress. It may be best to bail out and
4275 // let the foreground collector do its job.
4276 // Clear _restart_addr, so that foreground GC
4277 // works from scratch. This avoids the headache of
4278 // a "rescan" which would otherwise be needed because
4279 // of the dirty mod union table & card table.
4280 _restart_addr = NULL;
4281 return false;
4282 }
4283 // Adjust the task to restart from _restart_addr
4284 tsk.reset(_restart_addr);
4285 cms_space ->initialize_sequential_subtasks_for_marking(num_workers,
4286 _restart_addr);
4287 _restart_addr = NULL;
4288 // Get the workers going again
4289 conc_workers()->start_task(&tsk);
4290 while (tsk.yielded()) {
4291 tsk.coordinator_yield();
4292 conc_workers()->continue_task(&tsk);
4293 }
4294 }
4295 assert(tsk.completed(), "Inconsistency");
4296 assert(tsk.result() == true, "Inconsistency");
4297 return true;
4298 }
4299
4300 bool CMSCollector::do_marking_st(bool asynch) {
4301 ResourceMark rm;
4302 HandleMark hm;
4303
4304 // Temporarily make refs discovery single threaded (non-MT)
4305 ReferenceProcessorMTDiscoveryMutator rp_mut_discovery(ref_processor(), false);
4306 MarkFromRootsClosure markFromRootsClosure(this, _span, &_markBitMap,
4307 &_markStack, CMSYield && asynch);
4308 // the last argument to iterate indicates whether the iteration
4309 // should be incremental with periodic yields.
4310 _markBitMap.iterate(&markFromRootsClosure);
4311 // If _restart_addr is non-NULL, a marking stack overflow
4312 // occurred; we need to do a fresh iteration from the
4313 // indicated restart address.
4314 while (_restart_addr != NULL) {
4315 if (_foregroundGCIsActive && asynch) {
4316 // We may be running into repeated stack overflows, having
4317 // reached the limit of the stack size, while making very
4318 // slow forward progress. It may be best to bail out and
4319 // let the foreground collector do its job.
4320 // Clear _restart_addr, so that foreground GC
4321 // works from scratch. This avoids the headache of
4322 // a "rescan" which would otherwise be needed because
4323 // of the dirty mod union table & card table.
4324 _restart_addr = NULL;
4325 return false; // indicating failure to complete marking
4326 }
4327 // Deal with stack overflow:
4328 // we restart marking from _restart_addr
4329 HeapWord* ra = _restart_addr;
4330 markFromRootsClosure.reset(ra);
4331 _restart_addr = NULL;
4332 _markBitMap.iterate(&markFromRootsClosure, ra, _span.end());
4333 }
4334 return true;
4335 }
4336
4337 void CMSCollector::preclean() {
4338 check_correct_thread_executing();
4339 assert(Thread::current()->is_ConcurrentGC_thread(), "Wrong thread");
4340 verify_work_stacks_empty();
4341 verify_overflow_empty();
4342 _abort_preclean = false;
4343 if (CMSPrecleaningEnabled) {
4344 _eden_chunk_index = 0;
4345 size_t used = get_eden_used();
4346 size_t capacity = get_eden_capacity();
4347 // Don't start sampling unless we will get sufficiently
4348 // many samples.
4349 if (used < (capacity/(CMSScheduleRemarkSamplingRatio * 100)
4350 * CMSScheduleRemarkEdenPenetration)) {
4351 _start_sampling = true;
4352 } else {
4353 _start_sampling = false;
4354 }
4355 TraceCPUTime tcpu(PrintGCDetails, true, gclog_or_tty);
4356 CMSPhaseAccounting pa(this, "preclean", !PrintGCDetails);
4357 preclean_work(CMSPrecleanRefLists1, CMSPrecleanSurvivors1);
4358 }
4359 CMSTokenSync x(true); // is cms thread
4360 if (CMSPrecleaningEnabled) {
4361 sample_eden();
4362 _collectorState = AbortablePreclean;
4363 } else {
4364 _collectorState = FinalMarking;
4365 }
4366 verify_work_stacks_empty();
4367 verify_overflow_empty();
4368 }
4369
4370 // Try and schedule the remark such that young gen
4371 // occupancy is CMSScheduleRemarkEdenPenetration %.
4372 void CMSCollector::abortable_preclean() {
4373 check_correct_thread_executing();
4374 assert(CMSPrecleaningEnabled, "Inconsistent control state");
4375 assert(_collectorState == AbortablePreclean, "Inconsistent control state");
4376
4377 // If Eden's current occupancy is below this threshold,
4378 // immediately schedule the remark; else preclean
4379 // past the next scavenge in an effort to
4380 // schedule the pause as described avove. By choosing
4381 // CMSScheduleRemarkEdenSizeThreshold >= max eden size
4382 // we will never do an actual abortable preclean cycle.
4383 if (get_eden_used() > CMSScheduleRemarkEdenSizeThreshold) {
4384 TraceCPUTime tcpu(PrintGCDetails, true, gclog_or_tty);
4385 CMSPhaseAccounting pa(this, "abortable-preclean", !PrintGCDetails);
4386 // We need more smarts in the abortable preclean
4387 // loop below to deal with cases where allocation
4388 // in young gen is very very slow, and our precleaning
4389 // is running a losing race against a horde of
4390 // mutators intent on flooding us with CMS updates
4391 // (dirty cards).
4392 // One, admittedly dumb, strategy is to give up
4393 // after a certain number of abortable precleaning loops
4394 // or after a certain maximum time. We want to make
4395 // this smarter in the next iteration.
4396 // XXX FIX ME!!! YSR
4397 size_t loops = 0, workdone = 0, cumworkdone = 0, waited = 0;
4398 while (!(should_abort_preclean() ||
4399 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::should_terminate())) {
4400 workdone = preclean_work(CMSPrecleanRefLists2, CMSPrecleanSurvivors2);
4401 cumworkdone += workdone;
4402 loops++;
4403 // Voluntarily terminate abortable preclean phase if we have
4404 // been at it for too long.
4405 if ((CMSMaxAbortablePrecleanLoops != 0) &&
4406 loops >= CMSMaxAbortablePrecleanLoops) {
4407 if (PrintGCDetails) {
4408 gclog_or_tty->print(" CMS: abort preclean due to loops ");
4409 }
4410 break;
4411 }
4412 if (pa.wallclock_millis() > CMSMaxAbortablePrecleanTime) {
4413 if (PrintGCDetails) {
4414 gclog_or_tty->print(" CMS: abort preclean due to time ");
4415 }
4416 break;
4417 }
4418 // If we are doing little work each iteration, we should
4419 // take a short break.
4420 if (workdone < CMSAbortablePrecleanMinWorkPerIteration) {
4421 // Sleep for some time, waiting for work to accumulate
4422 stopTimer();
4423 cmsThread()->wait_on_cms_lock(CMSAbortablePrecleanWaitMillis);
4424 startTimer();
4425 waited++;
4426 }
4427 }
4428 if (PrintCMSStatistics > 0) {
4429 gclog_or_tty->print(" [%d iterations, %d waits, %d cards)] ",
4430 loops, waited, cumworkdone);
4431 }
4432 }
4433 CMSTokenSync x(true); // is cms thread
4434 if (_collectorState != Idling) {
4435 assert(_collectorState == AbortablePreclean,
4436 "Spontaneous state transition?");
4437 _collectorState = FinalMarking;
4438 } // Else, a foreground collection completed this CMS cycle.
4439 return;
4440 }
4441
4442 // Respond to an Eden sampling opportunity
4443 void CMSCollector::sample_eden() {
4444 // Make sure a young gc cannot sneak in between our
4445 // reading and recording of a sample.
4446 assert(Thread::current()->is_ConcurrentGC_thread(),
4447 "Only the cms thread may collect Eden samples");
4448 assert(ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token(),
4449 "Should collect samples while holding CMS token");
4450 if (!_start_sampling) {
4451 return;
4452 }
4453 if (_eden_chunk_array) {
4454 if (_eden_chunk_index < _eden_chunk_capacity) {
4455 _eden_chunk_array[_eden_chunk_index] = *_top_addr; // take sample
4456 assert(_eden_chunk_array[_eden_chunk_index] <= *_end_addr,
4457 "Unexpected state of Eden");
4458 // We'd like to check that what we just sampled is an oop-start address;
4459 // however, we cannot do that here since the object may not yet have been
4460 // initialized. So we'll instead do the check when we _use_ this sample
4461 // later.
4462 if (_eden_chunk_index == 0 ||
4463 (pointer_delta(_eden_chunk_array[_eden_chunk_index],
4464 _eden_chunk_array[_eden_chunk_index-1])
4465 >= CMSSamplingGrain)) {
4466 _eden_chunk_index++; // commit sample
4467 }
4468 }
4469 }
4470 if ((_collectorState == AbortablePreclean) && !_abort_preclean) {
4471 size_t used = get_eden_used();
4472 size_t capacity = get_eden_capacity();
4473 assert(used <= capacity, "Unexpected state of Eden");
4474 if (used > (capacity/100 * CMSScheduleRemarkEdenPenetration)) {
4475 _abort_preclean = true;
4476 }
4477 }
4478 }
4479
4480
4481 size_t CMSCollector::preclean_work(bool clean_refs, bool clean_survivor) {
4482 assert(_collectorState == Precleaning ||
4483 _collectorState == AbortablePreclean, "incorrect state");
4484 ResourceMark rm;
4485 HandleMark hm;
4486
4487 // Precleaning is currently not MT but the reference processor
4488 // may be set for MT. Disable it temporarily here.
4489 ReferenceProcessor* rp = ref_processor();
4490 ReferenceProcessorMTDiscoveryMutator rp_mut_discovery(rp, false);
4491
4492 // Do one pass of scrubbing the discovered reference lists
4493 // to remove any reference objects with strongly-reachable
4494 // referents.
4495 if (clean_refs) {
4496 CMSPrecleanRefsYieldClosure yield_cl(this);
4497 assert(rp->span().equals(_span), "Spans should be equal");
4498 CMSKeepAliveClosure keep_alive(this, _span, &_markBitMap,
4499 &_markStack, true /* preclean */);
4500 CMSDrainMarkingStackClosure complete_trace(this,
4501 _span, &_markBitMap, &_markStack,
4502 &keep_alive, true /* preclean */);
4503
4504 // We don't want this step to interfere with a young
4505 // collection because we don't want to take CPU
4506 // or memory bandwidth away from the young GC threads
4507 // (which may be as many as there are CPUs).
4508 // Note that we don't need to protect ourselves from
4509 // interference with mutators because they can't
4510 // manipulate the discovered reference lists nor affect
4511 // the computed reachability of the referents, the
4512 // only properties manipulated by the precleaning
4513 // of these reference lists.
4514 stopTimer();
4515 CMSTokenSyncWithLocks x(true /* is cms thread */,
4516 bitMapLock());
4517 startTimer();
4518 sample_eden();
4519
4520 // The following will yield to allow foreground
4521 // collection to proceed promptly. XXX YSR:
4522 // The code in this method may need further
4523 // tweaking for better performance and some restructuring
4524 // for cleaner interfaces.
4525 rp->preclean_discovered_references(
4526 rp->is_alive_non_header(), &keep_alive, &complete_trace, &yield_cl);
4527 }
4528
4529 if (clean_survivor) { // preclean the active survivor space(s)
4530 assert(_young_gen->kind() == Generation::DefNew ||
4531 _young_gen->kind() == Generation::ParNew ||
4532 _young_gen->kind() == Generation::ASParNew,
4533 "incorrect type for cast");
4534 DefNewGeneration* dng = (DefNewGeneration*)_young_gen;
4535 PushAndMarkClosure pam_cl(this, _span, ref_processor(),
4536 &_markBitMap, &_modUnionTable,
4537 &_markStack, true /* precleaning phase */);
4538 stopTimer();
4539 CMSTokenSyncWithLocks ts(true /* is cms thread */,
4540 bitMapLock());
4541 startTimer();
4542 unsigned int before_count =
4543 GenCollectedHeap::heap()->total_collections();
4544 SurvivorSpacePrecleanClosure
4545 sss_cl(this, _span, &_markBitMap, &_markStack,
4546 &pam_cl, before_count, CMSYield);
4547 dng->from()->object_iterate_careful(&sss_cl);
4548 dng->to()->object_iterate_careful(&sss_cl);
4549 }
4550 MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure
4551 mrias_cl(_span, ref_processor(), &_markBitMap, &_modUnionTable,
4552 &_markStack, this, CMSYield,
4553 true /* precleaning phase */);
4554 // CAUTION: The following closure has persistent state that may need to
4555 // be reset upon a decrease in the sequence of addresses it
4556 // processes.
4557 ScanMarkedObjectsAgainCarefullyClosure
4558 smoac_cl(this, _span,
4559 &_markBitMap, &_markStack, &mrias_cl, CMSYield);
4560
4561 // Preclean dirty cards in ModUnionTable and CardTable using
4562 // appropriate convergence criterion;
4563 // repeat CMSPrecleanIter times unless we find that
4564 // we are losing.
4565 assert(CMSPrecleanIter < 10, "CMSPrecleanIter is too large");
4566 assert(CMSPrecleanNumerator < CMSPrecleanDenominator,
4567 "Bad convergence multiplier");
4568 assert(CMSPrecleanThreshold >= 100,
4569 "Unreasonably low CMSPrecleanThreshold");
4570
4571 size_t numIter, cumNumCards, lastNumCards, curNumCards;
4572 for (numIter = 0, cumNumCards = lastNumCards = curNumCards = 0;
4573 numIter < CMSPrecleanIter;
4574 numIter++, lastNumCards = curNumCards, cumNumCards += curNumCards) {
4575 curNumCards = preclean_mod_union_table(_cmsGen, &smoac_cl);
4576 if (Verbose && PrintGCDetails) {
4577 gclog_or_tty->print(" (modUnionTable: %d cards)", curNumCards);
4578 }
4579 // Either there are very few dirty cards, so re-mark
4580 // pause will be small anyway, or our pre-cleaning isn't
4581 // that much faster than the rate at which cards are being
4582 // dirtied, so we might as well stop and re-mark since
4583 // precleaning won't improve our re-mark time by much.
4584 if (curNumCards <= CMSPrecleanThreshold ||
4585 (numIter > 0 &&
4586 (curNumCards * CMSPrecleanDenominator >
4587 lastNumCards * CMSPrecleanNumerator))) {
4588 numIter++;
4589 cumNumCards += curNumCards;
4590 break;
4591 }
4592 }
4593
4594 preclean_klasses(&mrias_cl, _cmsGen->freelistLock());
4595
4596 curNumCards = preclean_card_table(_cmsGen, &smoac_cl);
4597 cumNumCards += curNumCards;
4598 if (PrintGCDetails && PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
4599 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" (cardTable: %d cards, re-scanned %d cards, %d iterations)",
4600 curNumCards, cumNumCards, numIter);
4601 }
4602 return cumNumCards; // as a measure of useful work done
4603 }
4604
4605 // PRECLEANING NOTES:
4606 // Precleaning involves:
4607 // . reading the bits of the modUnionTable and clearing the set bits.
4608 // . For the cards corresponding to the set bits, we scan the
4609 // objects on those cards. This means we need the free_list_lock
4610 // so that we can safely iterate over the CMS space when scanning
4611 // for oops.
4612 // . When we scan the objects, we'll be both reading and setting
4613 // marks in the marking bit map, so we'll need the marking bit map.
4614 // . For protecting _collector_state transitions, we take the CGC_lock.
4615 // Note that any races in the reading of of card table entries by the
4616 // CMS thread on the one hand and the clearing of those entries by the
4617 // VM thread or the setting of those entries by the mutator threads on the
4618 // other are quite benign. However, for efficiency it makes sense to keep
4619 // the VM thread from racing with the CMS thread while the latter is
4620 // dirty card info to the modUnionTable. We therefore also use the
4621 // CGC_lock to protect the reading of the card table and the mod union
4622 // table by the CM thread.
4623 // . We run concurrently with mutator updates, so scanning
4624 // needs to be done carefully -- we should not try to scan
4625 // potentially uninitialized objects.
4626 //
4627 // Locking strategy: While holding the CGC_lock, we scan over and
4628 // reset a maximal dirty range of the mod union / card tables, then lock
4629 // the free_list_lock and bitmap lock to do a full marking, then
4630 // release these locks; and repeat the cycle. This allows for a
4631 // certain amount of fairness in the sharing of these locks between
4632 // the CMS collector on the one hand, and the VM thread and the
4633 // mutators on the other.
4634
4635 // NOTE: preclean_mod_union_table() and preclean_card_table()
4636 // further below are largely identical; if you need to modify
4637 // one of these methods, please check the other method too.
4638
4639 size_t CMSCollector::preclean_mod_union_table(
4640 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration* gen,
4641 ScanMarkedObjectsAgainCarefullyClosure* cl) {
4642 verify_work_stacks_empty();
4643 verify_overflow_empty();
4644
4645 // strategy: starting with the first card, accumulate contiguous
4646 // ranges of dirty cards; clear these cards, then scan the region
4647 // covered by these cards.
4648
4649 // Since all of the MUT is committed ahead, we can just use
4650 // that, in case the generations expand while we are precleaning.
4651 // It might also be fine to just use the committed part of the
4652 // generation, but we might potentially miss cards when the
4653 // generation is rapidly expanding while we are in the midst
4654 // of precleaning.
4655 HeapWord* startAddr = gen->reserved().start();
4656 HeapWord* endAddr = gen->reserved().end();
4657
4658 cl->setFreelistLock(gen->freelistLock()); // needed for yielding
4659
4660 size_t numDirtyCards, cumNumDirtyCards;
4661 HeapWord *nextAddr, *lastAddr;
4662 for (cumNumDirtyCards = numDirtyCards = 0,
4663 nextAddr = lastAddr = startAddr;
4664 nextAddr < endAddr;
4665 nextAddr = lastAddr, cumNumDirtyCards += numDirtyCards) {
4666
4667 ResourceMark rm;
4668 HandleMark hm;
4669
4670 MemRegion dirtyRegion;
4671 {
4672 stopTimer();
4673 // Potential yield point
4674 CMSTokenSync ts(true);
4675 startTimer();
4676 sample_eden();
4677 // Get dirty region starting at nextOffset (inclusive),
4678 // simultaneously clearing it.
4679 dirtyRegion =
4680 _modUnionTable.getAndClearMarkedRegion(nextAddr, endAddr);
4681 assert(dirtyRegion.start() >= nextAddr,
4682 "returned region inconsistent?");
4683 }
4684 // Remember where the next search should begin.
4685 // The returned region (if non-empty) is a right open interval,
4686 // so lastOffset is obtained from the right end of that
4687 // interval.
4688 lastAddr = dirtyRegion.end();
4689 // Should do something more transparent and less hacky XXX
4690 numDirtyCards =
4691 _modUnionTable.heapWordDiffToOffsetDiff(dirtyRegion.word_size());
4692
4693 // We'll scan the cards in the dirty region (with periodic
4694 // yields for foreground GC as needed).
4695 if (!dirtyRegion.is_empty()) {
4696 assert(numDirtyCards > 0, "consistency check");
4697 HeapWord* stop_point = NULL;
4698 stopTimer();
4699 // Potential yield point
4700 CMSTokenSyncWithLocks ts(true, gen->freelistLock(),
4701 bitMapLock());
4702 startTimer();
4703 {
4704 verify_work_stacks_empty();
4705 verify_overflow_empty();
4706 sample_eden();
4707 stop_point =
4708 gen->cmsSpace()->object_iterate_careful_m(dirtyRegion, cl);
4709 }
4710 if (stop_point != NULL) {
4711 // The careful iteration stopped early either because it found an
4712 // uninitialized object, or because we were in the midst of an
4713 // "abortable preclean", which should now be aborted. Redirty
4714 // the bits corresponding to the partially-scanned or unscanned
4715 // cards. We'll either restart at the next block boundary or
4716 // abort the preclean.
4717 assert((_collectorState == AbortablePreclean && should_abort_preclean()),
4718 "Should only be AbortablePreclean.");
4719 _modUnionTable.mark_range(MemRegion(stop_point, dirtyRegion.end()));
4720 if (should_abort_preclean()) {
4721 break; // out of preclean loop
4722 } else {
4723 // Compute the next address at which preclean should pick up;
4724 // might need bitMapLock in order to read P-bits.
4725 lastAddr = next_card_start_after_block(stop_point);
4726 }
4727 }
4728 } else {
4729 assert(lastAddr == endAddr, "consistency check");
4730 assert(numDirtyCards == 0, "consistency check");
4731 break;
4732 }
4733 }
4734 verify_work_stacks_empty();
4735 verify_overflow_empty();
4736 return cumNumDirtyCards;
4737 }
4738
4739 // NOTE: preclean_mod_union_table() above and preclean_card_table()
4740 // below are largely identical; if you need to modify
4741 // one of these methods, please check the other method too.
4742
4743 size_t CMSCollector::preclean_card_table(ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration* gen,
4744 ScanMarkedObjectsAgainCarefullyClosure* cl) {
4745 // strategy: it's similar to precleamModUnionTable above, in that
4746 // we accumulate contiguous ranges of dirty cards, mark these cards
4747 // precleaned, then scan the region covered by these cards.
4748 HeapWord* endAddr = (HeapWord*)(gen->_virtual_space.high());
4749 HeapWord* startAddr = (HeapWord*)(gen->_virtual_space.low());
4750
4751 cl->setFreelistLock(gen->freelistLock()); // needed for yielding
4752
4753 size_t numDirtyCards, cumNumDirtyCards;
4754 HeapWord *lastAddr, *nextAddr;
4755
4756 for (cumNumDirtyCards = numDirtyCards = 0,
4757 nextAddr = lastAddr = startAddr;
4758 nextAddr < endAddr;
4759 nextAddr = lastAddr, cumNumDirtyCards += numDirtyCards) {
4760
4761 ResourceMark rm;
4762 HandleMark hm;
4763
4764 MemRegion dirtyRegion;
4765 {
4766 // See comments in "Precleaning notes" above on why we
4767 // do this locking. XXX Could the locking overheads be
4768 // too high when dirty cards are sparse? [I don't think so.]
4769 stopTimer();
4770 CMSTokenSync x(true); // is cms thread
4771 startTimer();
4772 sample_eden();
4773 // Get and clear dirty region from card table
4774 dirtyRegion = _ct->ct_bs()->dirty_card_range_after_reset(
4775 MemRegion(nextAddr, endAddr),
4776 true,
4777 CardTableModRefBS::precleaned_card_val());
4778
4779 assert(dirtyRegion.start() >= nextAddr,
4780 "returned region inconsistent?");
4781 }
4782 lastAddr = dirtyRegion.end();
4783 numDirtyCards =
4784 dirtyRegion.word_size()/CardTableModRefBS::card_size_in_words;
4785
4786 if (!dirtyRegion.is_empty()) {
4787 stopTimer();
4788 CMSTokenSyncWithLocks ts(true, gen->freelistLock(), bitMapLock());
4789 startTimer();
4790 sample_eden();
4791 verify_work_stacks_empty();
4792 verify_overflow_empty();
4793 HeapWord* stop_point =
4794 gen->cmsSpace()->object_iterate_careful_m(dirtyRegion, cl);
4795 if (stop_point != NULL) {
4796 assert((_collectorState == AbortablePreclean && should_abort_preclean()),
4797 "Should only be AbortablePreclean.");
4798 _ct->ct_bs()->invalidate(MemRegion(stop_point, dirtyRegion.end()));
4799 if (should_abort_preclean()) {
4800 break; // out of preclean loop
4801 } else {
4802 // Compute the next address at which preclean should pick up.
4803 lastAddr = next_card_start_after_block(stop_point);
4804 }
4805 }
4806 } else {
4807 break;
4808 }
4809 }
4810 verify_work_stacks_empty();
4811 verify_overflow_empty();
4812 return cumNumDirtyCards;
4813 }
4814
4815 class PrecleanKlassClosure : public KlassClosure {
4816 CMKlassClosure _cm_klass_closure;
4817 public:
4818 PrecleanKlassClosure(OopClosure* oop_closure) : _cm_klass_closure(oop_closure) {}
4819 void do_klass(Klass* k) {
4820 if (k->has_accumulated_modified_oops()) {
4821 k->clear_accumulated_modified_oops();
4822
4823 _cm_klass_closure.do_klass(k);
4824 }
4825 }
4826 };
4827
4828 // The freelist lock is needed to prevent asserts, is it really needed?
4829 void CMSCollector::preclean_klasses(MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure* cl, Mutex* freelistLock) {
4830
4831 cl->set_freelistLock(freelistLock);
4832
4833 CMSTokenSyncWithLocks ts(true, freelistLock, bitMapLock());
4834
4835 // SSS: Add equivalent to ScanMarkedObjectsAgainCarefullyClosure::do_yield_check and should_abort_preclean?
4836 // SSS: We should probably check if precleaning should be aborted, at suitable intervals?
4837 PrecleanKlassClosure preclean_klass_closure(cl);
4838 ClassLoaderDataGraph::classes_do(&preclean_klass_closure);
4839
4840 verify_work_stacks_empty();
4841 verify_overflow_empty();
4842 }
4843
4844 void CMSCollector::checkpointRootsFinal(bool asynch,
4845 bool clear_all_soft_refs, bool init_mark_was_synchronous) {
4846 assert(_collectorState == FinalMarking, "incorrect state transition?");
4847 check_correct_thread_executing();
4848 // world is stopped at this checkpoint
4849 assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(),
4850 "world should be stopped");
4851 TraceCMSMemoryManagerStats tms(_collectorState,GenCollectedHeap::heap()->gc_cause());
4852
4853 verify_work_stacks_empty();
4854 verify_overflow_empty();
4855
4856 SpecializationStats::clear();
4857 if (PrintGCDetails) {
4858 gclog_or_tty->print("[YG occupancy: "SIZE_FORMAT" K ("SIZE_FORMAT" K)]",
4859 _young_gen->used() / K,
4860 _young_gen->capacity() / K);
4861 }
4862 if (asynch) {
4863 if (CMSScavengeBeforeRemark) {
4864 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
4865 // Temporarily set flag to false, GCH->do_collection will
4866 // expect it to be false and set to true
4867 FlagSetting fl(gch->_is_gc_active, false);
4868 NOT_PRODUCT(TraceTime t("Scavenge-Before-Remark",
4869 PrintGCDetails && Verbose, true, gclog_or_tty);)
4870 int level = _cmsGen->level() - 1;
4871 if (level >= 0) {
4872 gch->do_collection(true, // full (i.e. force, see below)
4873 false, // !clear_all_soft_refs
4874 0, // size
4875 false, // is_tlab
4876 level // max_level
4877 );
4878 }
4879 }
4880 FreelistLocker x(this);
4881 MutexLockerEx y(bitMapLock(),
4882 Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
4883 assert(!init_mark_was_synchronous, "but that's impossible!");
4884 checkpointRootsFinalWork(asynch, clear_all_soft_refs, false);
4885 } else {
4886 // already have all the locks
4887 checkpointRootsFinalWork(asynch, clear_all_soft_refs,
4888 init_mark_was_synchronous);
4889 }
4890 verify_work_stacks_empty();
4891 verify_overflow_empty();
4892 SpecializationStats::print();
4893 }
4894
4895 void CMSCollector::checkpointRootsFinalWork(bool asynch,
4896 bool clear_all_soft_refs, bool init_mark_was_synchronous) {
4897
4898 NOT_PRODUCT(TraceTime tr("checkpointRootsFinalWork", PrintGCDetails, false, gclog_or_tty);)
4899
4900 assert(haveFreelistLocks(), "must have free list locks");
4901 assert_lock_strong(bitMapLock());
4902
4903 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
4904 size_policy()->checkpoint_roots_final_begin();
4905 }
4906
4907 ResourceMark rm;
4908 HandleMark hm;
4909
4910 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
4911
4912 if (should_unload_classes()) {
4913 CodeCache::gc_prologue();
4914 }
4915 assert(haveFreelistLocks(), "must have free list locks");
4916 assert_lock_strong(bitMapLock());
4917
4918 if (!init_mark_was_synchronous) {
4919 // We might assume that we need not fill TLAB's when
4920 // CMSScavengeBeforeRemark is set, because we may have just done
4921 // a scavenge which would have filled all TLAB's -- and besides
4922 // Eden would be empty. This however may not always be the case --
4923 // for instance although we asked for a scavenge, it may not have
4924 // happened because of a JNI critical section. We probably need
4925 // a policy for deciding whether we can in that case wait until
4926 // the critical section releases and then do the remark following
4927 // the scavenge, and skip it here. In the absence of that policy,
4928 // or of an indication of whether the scavenge did indeed occur,
4929 // we cannot rely on TLAB's having been filled and must do
4930 // so here just in case a scavenge did not happen.
4931 gch->ensure_parsability(false); // fill TLAB's, but no need to retire them
4932 // Update the saved marks which may affect the root scans.
4933 gch->save_marks();
4934
4935 {
4936 COMPILER2_PRESENT(DerivedPointerTableDeactivate dpt_deact;)
4937
4938 // Note on the role of the mod union table:
4939 // Since the marker in "markFromRoots" marks concurrently with
4940 // mutators, it is possible for some reachable objects not to have been
4941 // scanned. For instance, an only reference to an object A was
4942 // placed in object B after the marker scanned B. Unless B is rescanned,
4943 // A would be collected. Such updates to references in marked objects
4944 // are detected via the mod union table which is the set of all cards
4945 // dirtied since the first checkpoint in this GC cycle and prior to
4946 // the most recent young generation GC, minus those cleaned up by the
4947 // concurrent precleaning.
4948 if (CMSParallelRemarkEnabled && CollectedHeap::use_parallel_gc_threads()) {
4949 TraceTime t("Rescan (parallel) ", PrintGCDetails, false, gclog_or_tty);
4950 do_remark_parallel();
4951 } else {
4952 TraceTime t("Rescan (non-parallel) ", PrintGCDetails, false,
4953 gclog_or_tty);
4954 do_remark_non_parallel();
4955 }
4956 }
4957 } else {
4958 assert(!asynch, "Can't have init_mark_was_synchronous in asynch mode");
4959 // The initial mark was stop-world, so there's no rescanning to
4960 // do; go straight on to the next step below.
4961 }
4962 verify_work_stacks_empty();
4963 verify_overflow_empty();
4964
4965 {
4966 NOT_PRODUCT(TraceTime ts("refProcessingWork", PrintGCDetails, false, gclog_or_tty);)
4967 refProcessingWork(asynch, clear_all_soft_refs);
4968 }
4969 verify_work_stacks_empty();
4970 verify_overflow_empty();
4971
4972 if (should_unload_classes()) {
4973 CodeCache::gc_epilogue();
4974 }
4975 JvmtiExport::gc_epilogue();
4976
4977 // If we encountered any (marking stack / work queue) overflow
4978 // events during the current CMS cycle, take appropriate
4979 // remedial measures, where possible, so as to try and avoid
4980 // recurrence of that condition.
4981 assert(_markStack.isEmpty(), "No grey objects");
4982 size_t ser_ovflw = _ser_pmc_remark_ovflw + _ser_pmc_preclean_ovflw +
4983 _ser_kac_ovflw + _ser_kac_preclean_ovflw;
4984 if (ser_ovflw > 0) {
4985 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
4986 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Marking stack overflow (benign) "
4987 "(pmc_pc="SIZE_FORMAT", pmc_rm="SIZE_FORMAT", kac="SIZE_FORMAT
4988 ", kac_preclean="SIZE_FORMAT")",
4989 _ser_pmc_preclean_ovflw, _ser_pmc_remark_ovflw,
4990 _ser_kac_ovflw, _ser_kac_preclean_ovflw);
4991 }
4992 _markStack.expand();
4993 _ser_pmc_remark_ovflw = 0;
4994 _ser_pmc_preclean_ovflw = 0;
4995 _ser_kac_preclean_ovflw = 0;
4996 _ser_kac_ovflw = 0;
4997 }
4998 if (_par_pmc_remark_ovflw > 0 || _par_kac_ovflw > 0) {
4999 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
5000 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Work queue overflow (benign) "
5001 "(pmc_rm="SIZE_FORMAT", kac="SIZE_FORMAT")",
5002 _par_pmc_remark_ovflw, _par_kac_ovflw);
5003 }
5004 _par_pmc_remark_ovflw = 0;
5005 _par_kac_ovflw = 0;
5006 }
5007 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
5008 if (_markStack._hit_limit > 0) {
5009 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" (benign) Hit max stack size limit ("SIZE_FORMAT")",
5010 _markStack._hit_limit);
5011 }
5012 if (_markStack._failed_double > 0) {
5013 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" (benign) Failed stack doubling ("SIZE_FORMAT"),"
5014 " current capacity "SIZE_FORMAT,
5015 _markStack._failed_double,
5016 _markStack.capacity());
5017 }
5018 }
5019 _markStack._hit_limit = 0;
5020 _markStack._failed_double = 0;
5021
5022 if ((VerifyAfterGC || VerifyDuringGC) &&
5023 GenCollectedHeap::heap()->total_collections() >= VerifyGCStartAt) {
5024 verify_after_remark();
5025 }
5026
5027 // Change under the freelistLocks.
5028 _collectorState = Sweeping;
5029 // Call isAllClear() under bitMapLock
5030 assert(_modUnionTable.isAllClear(),
5031 "Should be clear by end of the final marking");
5032 assert(_ct->klass_rem_set()->mod_union_is_clear(),
5033 "Should be clear by end of the final marking");
5034 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
5035 size_policy()->checkpoint_roots_final_end(gch->gc_cause());
5036 }
5037 }
5038
5039 // Parallel remark task
5040 class CMSParRemarkTask: public AbstractGangTask {
5041 CMSCollector* _collector;
5042 int _n_workers;
5043 CompactibleFreeListSpace* _cms_space;
5044
5045 // The per-thread work queues, available here for stealing.
5046 OopTaskQueueSet* _task_queues;
5047 ParallelTaskTerminator _term;
5048
5049 public:
5050 // A value of 0 passed to n_workers will cause the number of
5051 // workers to be taken from the active workers in the work gang.
5052 CMSParRemarkTask(CMSCollector* collector,
5053 CompactibleFreeListSpace* cms_space,
5054 int n_workers, FlexibleWorkGang* workers,
5055 OopTaskQueueSet* task_queues):
5056 AbstractGangTask("Rescan roots and grey objects in parallel"),
5057 _collector(collector),
5058 _cms_space(cms_space),
5059 _n_workers(n_workers),
5060 _task_queues(task_queues),
5061 _term(n_workers, task_queues) { }
5062
5063 OopTaskQueueSet* task_queues() { return _task_queues; }
5064
5065 OopTaskQueue* work_queue(int i) { return task_queues()->queue(i); }
5066
5067 ParallelTaskTerminator* terminator() { return &_term; }
5068 int n_workers() { return _n_workers; }
5069
5070 void work(uint worker_id);
5071
5072 private:
5073 // Work method in support of parallel rescan ... of young gen spaces
5074 void do_young_space_rescan(int i, Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure* cl,
5075 ContiguousSpace* space,
5076 HeapWord** chunk_array, size_t chunk_top);
5077
5078 // ... of dirty cards in old space
5079 void do_dirty_card_rescan_tasks(CompactibleFreeListSpace* sp, int i,
5080 Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure* cl);
5081
5082 // ... work stealing for the above
5083 void do_work_steal(int i, Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure* cl, int* seed);
5084 };
5085
5086 class RemarkKlassClosure : public KlassClosure {
5087 CMKlassClosure _cm_klass_closure;
5088 public:
5089 RemarkKlassClosure(OopClosure* oop_closure) : _cm_klass_closure(oop_closure) {}
5090 void do_klass(Klass* k) {
5091 // Check if we have modified any oops in the Klass during the concurrent marking.
5092 if (k->has_accumulated_modified_oops()) {
5093 k->clear_accumulated_modified_oops();
5094
5095 // We could have transfered the current modified marks to the accumulated marks,
5096 // like we do with the Card Table to Mod Union Table. But it's not really necessary.
5097 } else if (k->has_modified_oops()) {
5098 // Don't clear anything, this info is needed by the next young collection.
5099 } else {
5100 // No modified oops in the Klass.
5101 return;
5102 }
5103
5104 // The klass has modified fields, need to scan the klass.
5105 _cm_klass_closure.do_klass(k);
5106 }
5107 };
5108
5109 // work_queue(i) is passed to the closure
5110 // Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure. The "i" parameter
5111 // also is passed to do_dirty_card_rescan_tasks() and to
5112 // do_work_steal() to select the i-th task_queue.
5113
5114 void CMSParRemarkTask::work(uint worker_id) {
5115 elapsedTimer _timer;
5116 ResourceMark rm;
5117 HandleMark hm;
5118
5119 // ---------- rescan from roots --------------
5120 _timer.start();
5121 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
5122 Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure par_mrias_cl(_collector,
5123 _collector->_span, _collector->ref_processor(),
5124 &(_collector->_markBitMap),
5125 work_queue(worker_id));
5126
5127 // Rescan young gen roots first since these are likely
5128 // coarsely partitioned and may, on that account, constitute
5129 // the critical path; thus, it's best to start off that
5130 // work first.
5131 // ---------- young gen roots --------------
5132 {
5133 DefNewGeneration* dng = _collector->_young_gen->as_DefNewGeneration();
5134 EdenSpace* eden_space = dng->eden();
5135 ContiguousSpace* from_space = dng->from();
5136 ContiguousSpace* to_space = dng->to();
5137
5138 HeapWord** eca = _collector->_eden_chunk_array;
5139 size_t ect = _collector->_eden_chunk_index;
5140 HeapWord** sca = _collector->_survivor_chunk_array;
5141 size_t sct = _collector->_survivor_chunk_index;
5142
5143 assert(ect <= _collector->_eden_chunk_capacity, "out of bounds");
5144 assert(sct <= _collector->_survivor_chunk_capacity, "out of bounds");
5145
5146 do_young_space_rescan(worker_id, &par_mrias_cl, to_space, NULL, 0);
5147 do_young_space_rescan(worker_id, &par_mrias_cl, from_space, sca, sct);
5148 do_young_space_rescan(worker_id, &par_mrias_cl, eden_space, eca, ect);
5149
5150 _timer.stop();
5151 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
5152 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(
5153 "Finished young gen rescan work in %dth thread: %3.3f sec",
5154 worker_id, _timer.seconds());
5155 }
5156 }
5157
5158 // ---------- remaining roots --------------
5159 _timer.reset();
5160 _timer.start();
5161 gch->gen_process_strong_roots(_collector->_cmsGen->level(),
5162 false, // yg was scanned above
5163 false, // this is parallel code
5164 false, // not scavenging
5165 SharedHeap::ScanningOption(_collector->CMSCollector::roots_scanning_options()),
5166 &par_mrias_cl,
5167 true, // walk all of code cache if (so & SO_CodeCache)
5168 NULL,
5169 NULL); // The dirty klasses will be handled below
5170 assert(_collector->should_unload_classes()
5171 || (_collector->CMSCollector::roots_scanning_options() & SharedHeap::SO_CodeCache),
5172 "if we didn't scan the code cache, we have to be ready to drop nmethods with expired weak oops");
5173 _timer.stop();
5174 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
5175 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(
5176 "Finished remaining root rescan work in %dth thread: %3.3f sec",
5177 worker_id, _timer.seconds());
5178 }
5179
5180 // ---------- unhandled CLD scanning ----------
5181 if (worker_id == 0) { // Single threaded at the moment.
5182 _timer.reset();
5183 _timer.start();
5184
5185 // Scan all new class loader data objects and new dependencies that were
5186 // introduced during concurrent marking.
5187 ResourceMark rm;
5188 GrowableArray<ClassLoaderData*>* array = ClassLoaderDataGraph::new_clds();
5189 for (int i = 0; i < array->length(); i++) {
5190 par_mrias_cl.do_class_loader_data(array->at(i));
5191 }
5192
5193 // We don't need to keep track of new CLDs anymore.
5194 ClassLoaderDataGraph::remember_new_clds(false);
5195
5196 _timer.stop();
5197 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
5198 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(
5199 "Finished unhandled CLD scanning work in %dth thread: %3.3f sec",
5200 worker_id, _timer.seconds());
5201 }
5202 }
5203
5204 // ---------- dirty klass scanning ----------
5205 if (worker_id == 0) { // Single threaded at the moment.
5206 _timer.reset();
5207 _timer.start();
5208
5209 // Scan all classes that was dirtied during the concurrent marking phase.
5210 RemarkKlassClosure remark_klass_closure(&par_mrias_cl);
5211 ClassLoaderDataGraph::classes_do(&remark_klass_closure);
5212
5213 _timer.stop();
5214 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
5215 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(
5216 "Finished dirty klass scanning work in %dth thread: %3.3f sec",
5217 worker_id, _timer.seconds());
5218 }
5219 }
5220
5221 // We might have added oops to ClassLoaderData::_handles during the
5222 // concurrent marking phase. These oops point to newly allocated objects
5223 // that are guaranteed to be kept alive. Either by the direct allocation
5224 // code, or when the young collector processes the strong roots. Hence,
5225 // we don't have to revisit the _handles block during the remark phase.
5226
5227 // ---------- rescan dirty cards ------------
5228 _timer.reset();
5229 _timer.start();
5230
5231 // Do the rescan tasks for each of the two spaces
5232 // (cms_space) in turn.
5233 // "worker_id" is passed to select the task_queue for "worker_id"
5234 do_dirty_card_rescan_tasks(_cms_space, worker_id, &par_mrias_cl);
5235 _timer.stop();
5236 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
5237 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(
5238 "Finished dirty card rescan work in %dth thread: %3.3f sec",
5239 worker_id, _timer.seconds());
5240 }
5241
5242 // ---------- steal work from other threads ...
5243 // ---------- ... and drain overflow list.
5244 _timer.reset();
5245 _timer.start();
5246 do_work_steal(worker_id, &par_mrias_cl, _collector->hash_seed(worker_id));
5247 _timer.stop();
5248 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
5249 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(
5250 "Finished work stealing in %dth thread: %3.3f sec",
5251 worker_id, _timer.seconds());
5252 }
5253 }
5254
5255 // Note that parameter "i" is not used.
5256 void
5257 CMSParRemarkTask::do_young_space_rescan(int i,
5258 Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure* cl, ContiguousSpace* space,
5259 HeapWord** chunk_array, size_t chunk_top) {
5260 // Until all tasks completed:
5261 // . claim an unclaimed task
5262 // . compute region boundaries corresponding to task claimed
5263 // using chunk_array
5264 // . par_oop_iterate(cl) over that region
5265
5266 ResourceMark rm;
5267 HandleMark hm;
5268
5269 SequentialSubTasksDone* pst = space->par_seq_tasks();
5270 assert(pst->valid(), "Uninitialized use?");
5271
5272 uint nth_task = 0;
5273 uint n_tasks = pst->n_tasks();
5274
5275 HeapWord *start, *end;
5276 while (!pst->is_task_claimed(/* reference */ nth_task)) {
5277 // We claimed task # nth_task; compute its boundaries.
5278 if (chunk_top == 0) { // no samples were taken
5279 assert(nth_task == 0 && n_tasks == 1, "Can have only 1 EdenSpace task");
5280 start = space->bottom();
5281 end = space->top();
5282 } else if (nth_task == 0) {
5283 start = space->bottom();
5284 end = chunk_array[nth_task];
5285 } else if (nth_task < (uint)chunk_top) {
5286 assert(nth_task >= 1, "Control point invariant");
5287 start = chunk_array[nth_task - 1];
5288 end = chunk_array[nth_task];
5289 } else {
5290 assert(nth_task == (uint)chunk_top, "Control point invariant");
5291 start = chunk_array[chunk_top - 1];
5292 end = space->top();
5293 }
5294 MemRegion mr(start, end);
5295 // Verify that mr is in space
5296 assert(mr.is_empty() || space->used_region().contains(mr),
5297 "Should be in space");
5298 // Verify that "start" is an object boundary
5299 assert(mr.is_empty() || oop(mr.start())->is_oop(),
5300 "Should be an oop");
5301 space->par_oop_iterate(mr, cl);
5302 }
5303 pst->all_tasks_completed();
5304 }
5305
5306 void
5307 CMSParRemarkTask::do_dirty_card_rescan_tasks(
5308 CompactibleFreeListSpace* sp, int i,
5309 Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure* cl) {
5310 // Until all tasks completed:
5311 // . claim an unclaimed task
5312 // . compute region boundaries corresponding to task claimed
5313 // . transfer dirty bits ct->mut for that region
5314 // . apply rescanclosure to dirty mut bits for that region
5315
5316 ResourceMark rm;
5317 HandleMark hm;
5318
5319 OopTaskQueue* work_q = work_queue(i);
5320 ModUnionClosure modUnionClosure(&(_collector->_modUnionTable));
5321 // CAUTION! CAUTION! CAUTION! CAUTION! CAUTION! CAUTION! CAUTION!
5322 // CAUTION: This closure has state that persists across calls to
5323 // the work method dirty_range_iterate_clear() in that it has
5324 // imbedded in it a (subtype of) UpwardsObjectClosure. The
5325 // use of that state in the imbedded UpwardsObjectClosure instance
5326 // assumes that the cards are always iterated (even if in parallel
5327 // by several threads) in monotonically increasing order per each
5328 // thread. This is true of the implementation below which picks
5329 // card ranges (chunks) in monotonically increasing order globally
5330 // and, a-fortiori, in monotonically increasing order per thread
5331 // (the latter order being a subsequence of the former).
5332 // If the work code below is ever reorganized into a more chaotic
5333 // work-partitioning form than the current "sequential tasks"
5334 // paradigm, the use of that persistent state will have to be
5335 // revisited and modified appropriately. See also related
5336 // bug 4756801 work on which should examine this code to make
5337 // sure that the changes there do not run counter to the
5338 // assumptions made here and necessary for correctness and
5339 // efficiency. Note also that this code might yield inefficient
5340 // behaviour in the case of very large objects that span one or
5341 // more work chunks. Such objects would potentially be scanned
5342 // several times redundantly. Work on 4756801 should try and
5343 // address that performance anomaly if at all possible. XXX
5344 MemRegion full_span = _collector->_span;
5345 CMSBitMap* bm = &(_collector->_markBitMap); // shared
5346 MarkFromDirtyCardsClosure
5347 greyRescanClosure(_collector, full_span, // entire span of interest
5348 sp, bm, work_q, cl);
5349
5350 SequentialSubTasksDone* pst = sp->conc_par_seq_tasks();
5351 assert(pst->valid(), "Uninitialized use?");
5352 uint nth_task = 0;
5353 const int alignment = CardTableModRefBS::card_size * BitsPerWord;
5354 MemRegion span = sp->used_region();
5355 HeapWord* start_addr = span.start();
5356 HeapWord* end_addr = (HeapWord*)round_to((intptr_t)span.end(),
5357 alignment);
5358 const size_t chunk_size = sp->rescan_task_size(); // in HeapWord units
5359 assert((HeapWord*)round_to((intptr_t)start_addr, alignment) ==
5360 start_addr, "Check alignment");
5361 assert((size_t)round_to((intptr_t)chunk_size, alignment) ==
5362 chunk_size, "Check alignment");
5363
5364 while (!pst->is_task_claimed(/* reference */ nth_task)) {
5365 // Having claimed the nth_task, compute corresponding mem-region,
5366 // which is a-fortiori aligned correctly (i.e. at a MUT bopundary).
5367 // The alignment restriction ensures that we do not need any
5368 // synchronization with other gang-workers while setting or
5369 // clearing bits in thus chunk of the MUT.
5370 MemRegion this_span = MemRegion(start_addr + nth_task*chunk_size,
5371 start_addr + (nth_task+1)*chunk_size);
5372 // The last chunk's end might be way beyond end of the
5373 // used region. In that case pull back appropriately.
5374 if (this_span.end() > end_addr) {
5375 this_span.set_end(end_addr);
5376 assert(!this_span.is_empty(), "Program logic (calculation of n_tasks)");
5377 }
5378 // Iterate over the dirty cards covering this chunk, marking them
5379 // precleaned, and setting the corresponding bits in the mod union
5380 // table. Since we have been careful to partition at Card and MUT-word
5381 // boundaries no synchronization is needed between parallel threads.
5382 _collector->_ct->ct_bs()->dirty_card_iterate(this_span,
5383 &modUnionClosure);
5384
5385 // Having transferred these marks into the modUnionTable,
5386 // rescan the marked objects on the dirty cards in the modUnionTable.
5387 // Even if this is at a synchronous collection, the initial marking
5388 // may have been done during an asynchronous collection so there
5389 // may be dirty bits in the mod-union table.
5390 _collector->_modUnionTable.dirty_range_iterate_clear(
5391 this_span, &greyRescanClosure);
5392 _collector->_modUnionTable.verifyNoOneBitsInRange(
5393 this_span.start(),
5394 this_span.end());
5395 }
5396 pst->all_tasks_completed(); // declare that i am done
5397 }
5398
5399 // . see if we can share work_queues with ParNew? XXX
5400 void
5401 CMSParRemarkTask::do_work_steal(int i, Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure* cl,
5402 int* seed) {
5403 OopTaskQueue* work_q = work_queue(i);
5404 NOT_PRODUCT(int num_steals = 0;)
5405 oop obj_to_scan;
5406 CMSBitMap* bm = &(_collector->_markBitMap);
5407
5408 while (true) {
5409 // Completely finish any left over work from (an) earlier round(s)
5410 cl->trim_queue(0);
5411 size_t num_from_overflow_list = MIN2((size_t)(work_q->max_elems() - work_q->size())/4,
5412 (size_t)ParGCDesiredObjsFromOverflowList);
5413 // Now check if there's any work in the overflow list
5414 // Passing ParallelGCThreads as the third parameter, no_of_gc_threads,
5415 // only affects the number of attempts made to get work from the
5416 // overflow list and does not affect the number of workers. Just
5417 // pass ParallelGCThreads so this behavior is unchanged.
5418 if (_collector->par_take_from_overflow_list(num_from_overflow_list,
5419 work_q,
5420 ParallelGCThreads)) {
5421 // found something in global overflow list;
5422 // not yet ready to go stealing work from others.
5423 // We'd like to assert(work_q->size() != 0, ...)
5424 // because we just took work from the overflow list,
5425 // but of course we can't since all of that could have
5426 // been already stolen from us.
5427 // "He giveth and He taketh away."
5428 continue;
5429 }
5430 // Verify that we have no work before we resort to stealing
5431 assert(work_q->size() == 0, "Have work, shouldn't steal");
5432 // Try to steal from other queues that have work
5433 if (task_queues()->steal(i, seed, /* reference */ obj_to_scan)) {
5434 NOT_PRODUCT(num_steals++;)
5435 assert(obj_to_scan->is_oop(), "Oops, not an oop!");
5436 assert(bm->isMarked((HeapWord*)obj_to_scan), "Stole an unmarked oop?");
5437 // Do scanning work
5438 obj_to_scan->oop_iterate(cl);
5439 // Loop around, finish this work, and try to steal some more
5440 } else if (terminator()->offer_termination()) {
5441 break; // nirvana from the infinite cycle
5442 }
5443 }
5444 NOT_PRODUCT(
5445 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
5446 gclog_or_tty->print("\n\t(%d: stole %d oops)", i, num_steals);
5447 }
5448 )
5449 assert(work_q->size() == 0 && _collector->overflow_list_is_empty(),
5450 "Else our work is not yet done");
5451 }
5452
5453 // Return a thread-local PLAB recording array, as appropriate.
5454 void* CMSCollector::get_data_recorder(int thr_num) {
5455 if (_survivor_plab_array != NULL &&
5456 (CMSPLABRecordAlways ||
5457 (_collectorState > Marking && _collectorState < FinalMarking))) {
5458 assert(thr_num < (int)ParallelGCThreads, "thr_num is out of bounds");
5459 ChunkArray* ca = &_survivor_plab_array[thr_num];
5460 ca->reset(); // clear it so that fresh data is recorded
5461 return (void*) ca;
5462 } else {
5463 return NULL;
5464 }
5465 }
5466
5467 // Reset all the thread-local PLAB recording arrays
5468 void CMSCollector::reset_survivor_plab_arrays() {
5469 for (uint i = 0; i < ParallelGCThreads; i++) {
5470 _survivor_plab_array[i].reset();
5471 }
5472 }
5473
5474 // Merge the per-thread plab arrays into the global survivor chunk
5475 // array which will provide the partitioning of the survivor space
5476 // for CMS rescan.
5477 void CMSCollector::merge_survivor_plab_arrays(ContiguousSpace* surv,
5478 int no_of_gc_threads) {
5479 assert(_survivor_plab_array != NULL, "Error");
5480 assert(_survivor_chunk_array != NULL, "Error");
5481 assert(_collectorState == FinalMarking, "Error");
5482 for (int j = 0; j < no_of_gc_threads; j++) {
5483 _cursor[j] = 0;
5484 }
5485 HeapWord* top = surv->top();
5486 size_t i;
5487 for (i = 0; i < _survivor_chunk_capacity; i++) { // all sca entries
5488 HeapWord* min_val = top; // Higher than any PLAB address
5489 uint min_tid = 0; // position of min_val this round
5490 for (int j = 0; j < no_of_gc_threads; j++) {
5491 ChunkArray* cur_sca = &_survivor_plab_array[j];
5492 if (_cursor[j] == cur_sca->end()) {
5493 continue;
5494 }
5495 assert(_cursor[j] < cur_sca->end(), "ctl pt invariant");
5496 HeapWord* cur_val = cur_sca->nth(_cursor[j]);
5497 assert(surv->used_region().contains(cur_val), "Out of bounds value");
5498 if (cur_val < min_val) {
5499 min_tid = j;
5500 min_val = cur_val;
5501 } else {
5502 assert(cur_val < top, "All recorded addresses should be less");
5503 }
5504 }
5505 // At this point min_val and min_tid are respectively
5506 // the least address in _survivor_plab_array[j]->nth(_cursor[j])
5507 // and the thread (j) that witnesses that address.
5508 // We record this address in the _survivor_chunk_array[i]
5509 // and increment _cursor[min_tid] prior to the next round i.
5510 if (min_val == top) {
5511 break;
5512 }
5513 _survivor_chunk_array[i] = min_val;
5514 _cursor[min_tid]++;
5515 }
5516 // We are all done; record the size of the _survivor_chunk_array
5517 _survivor_chunk_index = i; // exclusive: [0, i)
5518 if (PrintCMSStatistics > 0) {
5519 gclog_or_tty->print(" (Survivor:" SIZE_FORMAT "chunks) ", i);
5520 }
5521 // Verify that we used up all the recorded entries
5522 #ifdef ASSERT
5523 size_t total = 0;
5524 for (int j = 0; j < no_of_gc_threads; j++) {
5525 assert(_cursor[j] == _survivor_plab_array[j].end(), "Ctl pt invariant");
5526 total += _cursor[j];
5527 }
5528 assert(total == _survivor_chunk_index, "Ctl Pt Invariant");
5529 // Check that the merged array is in sorted order
5530 if (total > 0) {
5531 for (size_t i = 0; i < total - 1; i++) {
5532 if (PrintCMSStatistics > 0) {
5533 gclog_or_tty->print(" (chunk" SIZE_FORMAT ":" INTPTR_FORMAT ") ",
5534 i, _survivor_chunk_array[i]);
5535 }
5536 assert(_survivor_chunk_array[i] < _survivor_chunk_array[i+1],
5537 "Not sorted");
5538 }
5539 }
5540 #endif // ASSERT
5541 }
5542
5543 // Set up the space's par_seq_tasks structure for work claiming
5544 // for parallel rescan of young gen.
5545 // See ParRescanTask where this is currently used.
5546 void
5547 CMSCollector::
5548 initialize_sequential_subtasks_for_young_gen_rescan(int n_threads) {
5549 assert(n_threads > 0, "Unexpected n_threads argument");
5550 DefNewGeneration* dng = (DefNewGeneration*)_young_gen;
5551
5552 // Eden space
5553 {
5554 SequentialSubTasksDone* pst = dng->eden()->par_seq_tasks();
5555 assert(!pst->valid(), "Clobbering existing data?");
5556 // Each valid entry in [0, _eden_chunk_index) represents a task.
5557 size_t n_tasks = _eden_chunk_index + 1;
5558 assert(n_tasks == 1 || _eden_chunk_array != NULL, "Error");
5559 // Sets the condition for completion of the subtask (how many threads
5560 // need to finish in order to be done).
5561 pst->set_n_threads(n_threads);
5562 pst->set_n_tasks((int)n_tasks);
5563 }
5564
5565 // Merge the survivor plab arrays into _survivor_chunk_array
5566 if (_survivor_plab_array != NULL) {
5567 merge_survivor_plab_arrays(dng->from(), n_threads);
5568 } else {
5569 assert(_survivor_chunk_index == 0, "Error");
5570 }
5571
5572 // To space
5573 {
5574 SequentialSubTasksDone* pst = dng->to()->par_seq_tasks();
5575 assert(!pst->valid(), "Clobbering existing data?");
5576 // Sets the condition for completion of the subtask (how many threads
5577 // need to finish in order to be done).
5578 pst->set_n_threads(n_threads);
5579 pst->set_n_tasks(1);
5580 assert(pst->valid(), "Error");
5581 }
5582
5583 // From space
5584 {
5585 SequentialSubTasksDone* pst = dng->from()->par_seq_tasks();
5586 assert(!pst->valid(), "Clobbering existing data?");
5587 size_t n_tasks = _survivor_chunk_index + 1;
5588 assert(n_tasks == 1 || _survivor_chunk_array != NULL, "Error");
5589 // Sets the condition for completion of the subtask (how many threads
5590 // need to finish in order to be done).
5591 pst->set_n_threads(n_threads);
5592 pst->set_n_tasks((int)n_tasks);
5593 assert(pst->valid(), "Error");
5594 }
5595 }
5596
5597 // Parallel version of remark
5598 void CMSCollector::do_remark_parallel() {
5599 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
5600 FlexibleWorkGang* workers = gch->workers();
5601 assert(workers != NULL, "Need parallel worker threads.");
5602 // Choose to use the number of GC workers most recently set
5603 // into "active_workers". If active_workers is not set, set it
5604 // to ParallelGCThreads.
5605 int n_workers = workers->active_workers();
5606 if (n_workers == 0) {
5607 assert(n_workers > 0, "Should have been set during scavenge");
5608 n_workers = ParallelGCThreads;
5609 workers->set_active_workers(n_workers);
5610 }
5611 CompactibleFreeListSpace* cms_space = _cmsGen->cmsSpace();
5612
5613 CMSParRemarkTask tsk(this,
5614 cms_space,
5615 n_workers, workers, task_queues());
5616
5617 // Set up for parallel process_strong_roots work.
5618 gch->set_par_threads(n_workers);
5619 // We won't be iterating over the cards in the card table updating
5620 // the younger_gen cards, so we shouldn't call the following else
5621 // the verification code as well as subsequent younger_refs_iterate
5622 // code would get confused. XXX
5623 // gch->rem_set()->prepare_for_younger_refs_iterate(true); // parallel
5624
5625 // The young gen rescan work will not be done as part of
5626 // process_strong_roots (which currently doesn't knw how to
5627 // parallelize such a scan), but rather will be broken up into
5628 // a set of parallel tasks (via the sampling that the [abortable]
5629 // preclean phase did of EdenSpace, plus the [two] tasks of
5630 // scanning the [two] survivor spaces. Further fine-grain
5631 // parallelization of the scanning of the survivor spaces
5632 // themselves, and of precleaning of the younger gen itself
5633 // is deferred to the future.
5634 initialize_sequential_subtasks_for_young_gen_rescan(n_workers);
5635
5636 // The dirty card rescan work is broken up into a "sequence"
5637 // of parallel tasks (per constituent space) that are dynamically
5638 // claimed by the parallel threads.
5639 cms_space->initialize_sequential_subtasks_for_rescan(n_workers);
5640
5641 // It turns out that even when we're using 1 thread, doing the work in a
5642 // separate thread causes wide variance in run times. We can't help this
5643 // in the multi-threaded case, but we special-case n=1 here to get
5644 // repeatable measurements of the 1-thread overhead of the parallel code.
5645 if (n_workers > 1) {
5646 // Make refs discovery MT-safe, if it isn't already: it may not
5647 // necessarily be so, since it's possible that we are doing
5648 // ST marking.
5649 ReferenceProcessorMTDiscoveryMutator mt(ref_processor(), true);
5650 GenCollectedHeap::StrongRootsScope srs(gch);
5651 workers->run_task(&tsk);
5652 } else {
5653 ReferenceProcessorMTDiscoveryMutator mt(ref_processor(), false);
5654 GenCollectedHeap::StrongRootsScope srs(gch);
5655 tsk.work(0);
5656 }
5657
5658 gch->set_par_threads(0); // 0 ==> non-parallel.
5659 // restore, single-threaded for now, any preserved marks
5660 // as a result of work_q overflow
5661 restore_preserved_marks_if_any();
5662 }
5663
5664 // Non-parallel version of remark
5665 void CMSCollector::do_remark_non_parallel() {
5666 ResourceMark rm;
5667 HandleMark hm;
5668 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
5669 ReferenceProcessorMTDiscoveryMutator mt(ref_processor(), false);
5670
5671 MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure
5672 mrias_cl(_span, ref_processor(), &_markBitMap, NULL /* not precleaning */,
5673 &_markStack, this,
5674 false /* should_yield */, false /* not precleaning */);
5675 MarkFromDirtyCardsClosure
5676 markFromDirtyCardsClosure(this, _span,
5677 NULL, // space is set further below
5678 &_markBitMap, &_markStack, &mrias_cl);
5679 {
5680 TraceTime t("grey object rescan", PrintGCDetails, false, gclog_or_tty);
5681 // Iterate over the dirty cards, setting the corresponding bits in the
5682 // mod union table.
5683 {
5684 ModUnionClosure modUnionClosure(&_modUnionTable);
5685 _ct->ct_bs()->dirty_card_iterate(
5686 _cmsGen->used_region(),
5687 &modUnionClosure);
5688 }
5689 // Having transferred these marks into the modUnionTable, we just need
5690 // to rescan the marked objects on the dirty cards in the modUnionTable.
5691 // The initial marking may have been done during an asynchronous
5692 // collection so there may be dirty bits in the mod-union table.
5693 const int alignment =
5694 CardTableModRefBS::card_size * BitsPerWord;
5695 {
5696 // ... First handle dirty cards in CMS gen
5697 markFromDirtyCardsClosure.set_space(_cmsGen->cmsSpace());
5698 MemRegion ur = _cmsGen->used_region();
5699 HeapWord* lb = ur.start();
5700 HeapWord* ub = (HeapWord*)round_to((intptr_t)ur.end(), alignment);
5701 MemRegion cms_span(lb, ub);
5702 _modUnionTable.dirty_range_iterate_clear(cms_span,
5703 &markFromDirtyCardsClosure);
5704 verify_work_stacks_empty();
5705 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
5706 gclog_or_tty->print(" (re-scanned "SIZE_FORMAT" dirty cards in cms gen) ",
5707 markFromDirtyCardsClosure.num_dirty_cards());
5708 }
5709 }
5710 }
5711 if (VerifyDuringGC &&
5712 GenCollectedHeap::heap()->total_collections() >= VerifyGCStartAt) {
5713 HandleMark hm; // Discard invalid handles created during verification
5714 Universe::verify();
5715 }
5716 {
5717 TraceTime t("root rescan", PrintGCDetails, false, gclog_or_tty);
5718
5719 verify_work_stacks_empty();
5720
5721 gch->rem_set()->prepare_for_younger_refs_iterate(false); // Not parallel.
5722 GenCollectedHeap::StrongRootsScope srs(gch);
5723 gch->gen_process_strong_roots(_cmsGen->level(),
5724 true, // younger gens as roots
5725 false, // use the local StrongRootsScope
5726 false, // not scavenging
5727 SharedHeap::ScanningOption(roots_scanning_options()),
5728 &mrias_cl,
5729 true, // walk code active on stacks
5730 NULL,
5731 NULL); // The dirty klasses will be handled below
5732
5733 assert(should_unload_classes()
5734 || (roots_scanning_options() & SharedHeap::SO_CodeCache),
5735 "if we didn't scan the code cache, we have to be ready to drop nmethods with expired weak oops");
5736 }
5737
5738 {
5739 TraceTime t("visit unhandled CLDs", PrintGCDetails, false, gclog_or_tty);
5740
5741 verify_work_stacks_empty();
5742
5743 // Scan all class loader data objects that might have been introduced
5744 // during concurrent marking.
5745 ResourceMark rm;
5746 GrowableArray<ClassLoaderData*>* array = ClassLoaderDataGraph::new_clds();
5747 for (int i = 0; i < array->length(); i++) {
5748 mrias_cl.do_class_loader_data(array->at(i));
5749 }
5750
5751 // We don't need to keep track of new CLDs anymore.
5752 ClassLoaderDataGraph::remember_new_clds(false);
5753
5754 verify_work_stacks_empty();
5755 }
5756
5757 {
5758 TraceTime t("dirty klass scan", PrintGCDetails, false, gclog_or_tty);
5759
5760 verify_work_stacks_empty();
5761
5762 RemarkKlassClosure remark_klass_closure(&mrias_cl);
5763 ClassLoaderDataGraph::classes_do(&remark_klass_closure);
5764
5765 verify_work_stacks_empty();
5766 }
5767
5768 // We might have added oops to ClassLoaderData::_handles during the
5769 // concurrent marking phase. These oops point to newly allocated objects
5770 // that are guaranteed to be kept alive. Either by the direct allocation
5771 // code, or when the young collector processes the strong roots. Hence,
5772 // we don't have to revisit the _handles block during the remark phase.
5773
5774 verify_work_stacks_empty();
5775 // Restore evacuated mark words, if any, used for overflow list links
5776 if (!CMSOverflowEarlyRestoration) {
5777 restore_preserved_marks_if_any();
5778 }
5779 verify_overflow_empty();
5780 }
5781
5782 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
5783 // Parallel Reference Processing Task Proxy Class
5784 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
5785 class CMSRefProcTaskProxy: public AbstractGangTaskWOopQueues {
5786 typedef AbstractRefProcTaskExecutor::ProcessTask ProcessTask;
5787 CMSCollector* _collector;
5788 CMSBitMap* _mark_bit_map;
5789 const MemRegion _span;
5790 ProcessTask& _task;
5791
5792 public:
5793 CMSRefProcTaskProxy(ProcessTask& task,
5794 CMSCollector* collector,
5795 const MemRegion& span,
5796 CMSBitMap* mark_bit_map,
5797 AbstractWorkGang* workers,
5798 OopTaskQueueSet* task_queues):
5799 // XXX Should superclass AGTWOQ also know about AWG since it knows
5800 // about the task_queues used by the AWG? Then it could initialize
5801 // the terminator() object. See 6984287. The set_for_termination()
5802 // below is a temporary band-aid for the regression in 6984287.
5803 AbstractGangTaskWOopQueues("Process referents by policy in parallel",
5804 task_queues),
5805 _task(task),
5806 _collector(collector), _span(span), _mark_bit_map(mark_bit_map)
5807 {
5808 assert(_collector->_span.equals(_span) && !_span.is_empty(),
5809 "Inconsistency in _span");
5810 set_for_termination(workers->active_workers());
5811 }
5812
5813 OopTaskQueueSet* task_queues() { return queues(); }
5814
5815 OopTaskQueue* work_queue(int i) { return task_queues()->queue(i); }
5816
5817 void do_work_steal(int i,
5818 CMSParDrainMarkingStackClosure* drain,
5819 CMSParKeepAliveClosure* keep_alive,
5820 int* seed);
5821
5822 virtual void work(uint worker_id);
5823 };
5824
5825 void CMSRefProcTaskProxy::work(uint worker_id) {
5826 assert(_collector->_span.equals(_span), "Inconsistency in _span");
5827 CMSParKeepAliveClosure par_keep_alive(_collector, _span,
5828 _mark_bit_map,
5829 work_queue(worker_id));
5830 CMSParDrainMarkingStackClosure par_drain_stack(_collector, _span,
5831 _mark_bit_map,
5832 work_queue(worker_id));
5833 CMSIsAliveClosure is_alive_closure(_span, _mark_bit_map);
5834 _task.work(worker_id, is_alive_closure, par_keep_alive, par_drain_stack);
5835 if (_task.marks_oops_alive()) {
5836 do_work_steal(worker_id, &par_drain_stack, &par_keep_alive,
5837 _collector->hash_seed(worker_id));
5838 }
5839 assert(work_queue(worker_id)->size() == 0, "work_queue should be empty");
5840 assert(_collector->_overflow_list == NULL, "non-empty _overflow_list");
5841 }
5842
5843 class CMSRefEnqueueTaskProxy: public AbstractGangTask {
5844 typedef AbstractRefProcTaskExecutor::EnqueueTask EnqueueTask;
5845 EnqueueTask& _task;
5846
5847 public:
5848 CMSRefEnqueueTaskProxy(EnqueueTask& task)
5849 : AbstractGangTask("Enqueue reference objects in parallel"),
5850 _task(task)
5851 { }
5852
5853 virtual void work(uint worker_id)
5854 {
5855 _task.work(worker_id);
5856 }
5857 };
5858
5859 CMSParKeepAliveClosure::CMSParKeepAliveClosure(CMSCollector* collector,
5860 MemRegion span, CMSBitMap* bit_map, OopTaskQueue* work_queue):
5861 _span(span),
5862 _bit_map(bit_map),
5863 _work_queue(work_queue),
5864 _mark_and_push(collector, span, bit_map, work_queue),
5865 _low_water_mark(MIN2((uint)(work_queue->max_elems()/4),
5866 (uint)(CMSWorkQueueDrainThreshold * ParallelGCThreads)))
5867 { }
5868
5869 // . see if we can share work_queues with ParNew? XXX
5870 void CMSRefProcTaskProxy::do_work_steal(int i,
5871 CMSParDrainMarkingStackClosure* drain,
5872 CMSParKeepAliveClosure* keep_alive,
5873 int* seed) {
5874 OopTaskQueue* work_q = work_queue(i);
5875 NOT_PRODUCT(int num_steals = 0;)
5876 oop obj_to_scan;
5877
5878 while (true) {
5879 // Completely finish any left over work from (an) earlier round(s)
5880 drain->trim_queue(0);
5881 size_t num_from_overflow_list = MIN2((size_t)(work_q->max_elems() - work_q->size())/4,
5882 (size_t)ParGCDesiredObjsFromOverflowList);
5883 // Now check if there's any work in the overflow list
5884 // Passing ParallelGCThreads as the third parameter, no_of_gc_threads,
5885 // only affects the number of attempts made to get work from the
5886 // overflow list and does not affect the number of workers. Just
5887 // pass ParallelGCThreads so this behavior is unchanged.
5888 if (_collector->par_take_from_overflow_list(num_from_overflow_list,
5889 work_q,
5890 ParallelGCThreads)) {
5891 // Found something in global overflow list;
5892 // not yet ready to go stealing work from others.
5893 // We'd like to assert(work_q->size() != 0, ...)
5894 // because we just took work from the overflow list,
5895 // but of course we can't, since all of that might have
5896 // been already stolen from us.
5897 continue;
5898 }
5899 // Verify that we have no work before we resort to stealing
5900 assert(work_q->size() == 0, "Have work, shouldn't steal");
5901 // Try to steal from other queues that have work
5902 if (task_queues()->steal(i, seed, /* reference */ obj_to_scan)) {
5903 NOT_PRODUCT(num_steals++;)
5904 assert(obj_to_scan->is_oop(), "Oops, not an oop!");
5905 assert(_mark_bit_map->isMarked((HeapWord*)obj_to_scan), "Stole an unmarked oop?");
5906 // Do scanning work
5907 obj_to_scan->oop_iterate(keep_alive);
5908 // Loop around, finish this work, and try to steal some more
5909 } else if (terminator()->offer_termination()) {
5910 break; // nirvana from the infinite cycle
5911 }
5912 }
5913 NOT_PRODUCT(
5914 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
5915 gclog_or_tty->print("\n\t(%d: stole %d oops)", i, num_steals);
5916 }
5917 )
5918 }
5919
5920 void CMSRefProcTaskExecutor::execute(ProcessTask& task)
5921 {
5922 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
5923 FlexibleWorkGang* workers = gch->workers();
5924 assert(workers != NULL, "Need parallel worker threads.");
5925 CMSRefProcTaskProxy rp_task(task, &_collector,
5926 _collector.ref_processor()->span(),
5927 _collector.markBitMap(),
5928 workers, _collector.task_queues());
5929 workers->run_task(&rp_task);
5930 }
5931
5932 void CMSRefProcTaskExecutor::execute(EnqueueTask& task)
5933 {
5934
5935 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
5936 FlexibleWorkGang* workers = gch->workers();
5937 assert(workers != NULL, "Need parallel worker threads.");
5938 CMSRefEnqueueTaskProxy enq_task(task);
5939 workers->run_task(&enq_task);
5940 }
5941
5942 void CMSCollector::refProcessingWork(bool asynch, bool clear_all_soft_refs) {
5943
5944 ResourceMark rm;
5945 HandleMark hm;
5946
5947 ReferenceProcessor* rp = ref_processor();
5948 assert(rp->span().equals(_span), "Spans should be equal");
5949 assert(!rp->enqueuing_is_done(), "Enqueuing should not be complete");
5950 // Process weak references.
5951 rp->setup_policy(clear_all_soft_refs);
5952 verify_work_stacks_empty();
5953
5954 CMSKeepAliveClosure cmsKeepAliveClosure(this, _span, &_markBitMap,
5955 &_markStack, false /* !preclean */);
5956 CMSDrainMarkingStackClosure cmsDrainMarkingStackClosure(this,
5957 _span, &_markBitMap, &_markStack,
5958 &cmsKeepAliveClosure, false /* !preclean */);
5959 {
5960 TraceTime t("weak refs processing", PrintGCDetails, false, gclog_or_tty);
5961 if (rp->processing_is_mt()) {
5962 // Set the degree of MT here. If the discovery is done MT, there
5963 // may have been a different number of threads doing the discovery
5964 // and a different number of discovered lists may have Ref objects.
5965 // That is OK as long as the Reference lists are balanced (see
5966 // balance_all_queues() and balance_queues()).
5967 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
5968 int active_workers = ParallelGCThreads;
5969 FlexibleWorkGang* workers = gch->workers();
5970 if (workers != NULL) {
5971 active_workers = workers->active_workers();
5972 // The expectation is that active_workers will have already
5973 // been set to a reasonable value. If it has not been set,
5974 // investigate.
5975 assert(active_workers > 0, "Should have been set during scavenge");
5976 }
5977 rp->set_active_mt_degree(active_workers);
5978 CMSRefProcTaskExecutor task_executor(*this);
5979 rp->process_discovered_references(&_is_alive_closure,
5980 &cmsKeepAliveClosure,
5981 &cmsDrainMarkingStackClosure,
5982 &task_executor);
5983 } else {
5984 rp->process_discovered_references(&_is_alive_closure,
5985 &cmsKeepAliveClosure,
5986 &cmsDrainMarkingStackClosure,
5987 NULL);
5988 }
5989 }
5990
5991 // This is the point where the entire marking should have completed.
5992 verify_work_stacks_empty();
5993
5994 if (should_unload_classes()) {
5995 {
5996 TraceTime t("class unloading", PrintGCDetails, false, gclog_or_tty);
5997
5998 // Unload classes and purge the SystemDictionary.
5999 bool purged_class = SystemDictionary::do_unloading(&_is_alive_closure);
6000
6001 // Unload nmethods.
6002 CodeCache::do_unloading(&_is_alive_closure, purged_class);
6003
6004 // Prune dead klasses from subklass/sibling/implementor lists.
6005 Klass::clean_weak_klass_links(&_is_alive_closure);
6006 }
6007
6008 {
6009 TraceTime t("scrub symbol table", PrintGCDetails, false, gclog_or_tty);
6010 // Clean up unreferenced symbols in symbol table.
6011 SymbolTable::unlink();
6012 }
6013 }
6014
6015 // CMS doesn't use the StringTable as hard roots when class unloading is turned off.
6016 // Need to check if we really scanned the StringTable.
6017 if ((roots_scanning_options() & SharedHeap::SO_Strings) == 0) {
6018 TraceTime t("scrub string table", PrintGCDetails, false, gclog_or_tty);
6019 // Delete entries for dead interned strings.
6020 StringTable::unlink(&_is_alive_closure);
6021 }
6022
6023 // Restore any preserved marks as a result of mark stack or
6024 // work queue overflow
6025 restore_preserved_marks_if_any(); // done single-threaded for now
6026
6027 rp->set_enqueuing_is_done(true);
6028 if (rp->processing_is_mt()) {
6029 rp->balance_all_queues();
6030 CMSRefProcTaskExecutor task_executor(*this);
6031 rp->enqueue_discovered_references(&task_executor);
6032 } else {
6033 rp->enqueue_discovered_references(NULL);
6034 }
6035 rp->verify_no_references_recorded();
6036 assert(!rp->discovery_enabled(), "should have been disabled");
6037 }
6038
6039 #ifndef PRODUCT
6040 void CMSCollector::check_correct_thread_executing() {
6041 Thread* t = Thread::current();
6042 // Only the VM thread or the CMS thread should be here.
6043 assert(t->is_ConcurrentGC_thread() || t->is_VM_thread(),
6044 "Unexpected thread type");
6045 // If this is the vm thread, the foreground process
6046 // should not be waiting. Note that _foregroundGCIsActive is
6047 // true while the foreground collector is waiting.
6048 if (_foregroundGCShouldWait) {
6049 // We cannot be the VM thread
6050 assert(t->is_ConcurrentGC_thread(),
6051 "Should be CMS thread");
6052 } else {
6053 // We can be the CMS thread only if we are in a stop-world
6054 // phase of CMS collection.
6055 if (t->is_ConcurrentGC_thread()) {
6056 assert(_collectorState == InitialMarking ||
6057 _collectorState == FinalMarking,
6058 "Should be a stop-world phase");
6059 // The CMS thread should be holding the CMS_token.
6060 assert(ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token(),
6061 "Potential interference with concurrently "
6062 "executing VM thread");
6063 }
6064 }
6065 }
6066 #endif
6067
6068 void CMSCollector::sweep(bool asynch) {
6069 assert(_collectorState == Sweeping, "just checking");
6070 check_correct_thread_executing();
6071 verify_work_stacks_empty();
6072 verify_overflow_empty();
6073 increment_sweep_count();
6074 TraceCMSMemoryManagerStats tms(_collectorState,GenCollectedHeap::heap()->gc_cause());
6075
6076 _inter_sweep_timer.stop();
6077 _inter_sweep_estimate.sample(_inter_sweep_timer.seconds());
6078 size_policy()->avg_cms_free_at_sweep()->sample(_cmsGen->free());
6079
6080 assert(!_intra_sweep_timer.is_active(), "Should not be active");
6081 _intra_sweep_timer.reset();
6082 _intra_sweep_timer.start();
6083 if (asynch) {
6084 TraceCPUTime tcpu(PrintGCDetails, true, gclog_or_tty);
6085 CMSPhaseAccounting pa(this, "sweep", !PrintGCDetails);
6086 // First sweep the old gen
6087 {
6088 CMSTokenSyncWithLocks ts(true, _cmsGen->freelistLock(),
6089 bitMapLock());
6090 sweepWork(_cmsGen, asynch);
6091 }
6092
6093 // Update Universe::_heap_*_at_gc figures.
6094 // We need all the free list locks to make the abstract state
6095 // transition from Sweeping to Resetting. See detailed note
6096 // further below.
6097 {
6098 CMSTokenSyncWithLocks ts(true, _cmsGen->freelistLock());
6099 // Update heap occupancy information which is used as
6100 // input to soft ref clearing policy at the next gc.
6101 Universe::update_heap_info_at_gc();
6102 _collectorState = Resizing;
6103 }
6104 } else {
6105 // already have needed locks
6106 sweepWork(_cmsGen, asynch);
6107 // Update heap occupancy information which is used as
6108 // input to soft ref clearing policy at the next gc.
6109 Universe::update_heap_info_at_gc();
6110 _collectorState = Resizing;
6111 }
6112 verify_work_stacks_empty();
6113 verify_overflow_empty();
6114
6115 if (should_unload_classes()) {
6116 ClassLoaderDataGraph::purge();
6117 }
6118
6119 _intra_sweep_timer.stop();
6120 _intra_sweep_estimate.sample(_intra_sweep_timer.seconds());
6121
6122 _inter_sweep_timer.reset();
6123 _inter_sweep_timer.start();
6124
6125 // We need to use a monotonically non-deccreasing time in ms
6126 // or we will see time-warp warnings and os::javaTimeMillis()
6127 // does not guarantee monotonicity.
6128 jlong now = os::javaTimeNanos() / NANOSECS_PER_MILLISEC;
6129 update_time_of_last_gc(now);
6130
6131 // NOTE on abstract state transitions:
6132 // Mutators allocate-live and/or mark the mod-union table dirty
6133 // based on the state of the collection. The former is done in
6134 // the interval [Marking, Sweeping] and the latter in the interval
6135 // [Marking, Sweeping). Thus the transitions into the Marking state
6136 // and out of the Sweeping state must be synchronously visible
6137 // globally to the mutators.
6138 // The transition into the Marking state happens with the world
6139 // stopped so the mutators will globally see it. Sweeping is
6140 // done asynchronously by the background collector so the transition
6141 // from the Sweeping state to the Resizing state must be done
6142 // under the freelistLock (as is the check for whether to
6143 // allocate-live and whether to dirty the mod-union table).
6144 assert(_collectorState == Resizing, "Change of collector state to"
6145 " Resizing must be done under the freelistLocks (plural)");
6146
6147 // Now that sweeping has been completed, we clear
6148 // the incremental_collection_failed flag,
6149 // thus inviting a younger gen collection to promote into
6150 // this generation. If such a promotion may still fail,
6151 // the flag will be set again when a young collection is
6152 // attempted.
6153 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
6154 gch->clear_incremental_collection_failed(); // Worth retrying as fresh space may have been freed up
6155 gch->update_full_collections_completed(_collection_count_start);
6156 }
6157
6158 // FIX ME!!! Looks like this belongs in CFLSpace, with
6159 // CMSGen merely delegating to it.
6160 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::setNearLargestChunk() {
6161 double nearLargestPercent = FLSLargestBlockCoalesceProximity;
6162 HeapWord* minAddr = _cmsSpace->bottom();
6163 HeapWord* largestAddr =
6164 (HeapWord*) _cmsSpace->dictionary()->find_largest_dict();
6165 if (largestAddr == NULL) {
6166 // The dictionary appears to be empty. In this case
6167 // try to coalesce at the end of the heap.
6168 largestAddr = _cmsSpace->end();
6169 }
6170 size_t largestOffset = pointer_delta(largestAddr, minAddr);
6171 size_t nearLargestOffset =
6172 (size_t)((double)largestOffset * nearLargestPercent) - MinChunkSize;
6173 if (PrintFLSStatistics != 0) {
6174 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(
6175 "CMS: Large Block: " PTR_FORMAT ";"
6176 " Proximity: " PTR_FORMAT " -> " PTR_FORMAT,
6177 largestAddr,
6178 _cmsSpace->nearLargestChunk(), minAddr + nearLargestOffset);
6179 }
6180 _cmsSpace->set_nearLargestChunk(minAddr + nearLargestOffset);
6181 }
6182
6183 bool ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::isNearLargestChunk(HeapWord* addr) {
6184 return addr >= _cmsSpace->nearLargestChunk();
6185 }
6186
6187 FreeChunk* ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::find_chunk_at_end() {
6188 return _cmsSpace->find_chunk_at_end();
6189 }
6190
6191 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::update_gc_stats(int current_level,
6192 bool full) {
6193 // The next lower level has been collected. Gather any statistics
6194 // that are of interest at this point.
6195 if (!full && (current_level + 1) == level()) {
6196 // Gather statistics on the young generation collection.
6197 collector()->stats().record_gc0_end(used());
6198 }
6199 }
6200
6201 CMSAdaptiveSizePolicy* ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::size_policy() {
6202 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
6203 assert(gch->kind() == CollectedHeap::GenCollectedHeap,
6204 "Wrong type of heap");
6205 CMSAdaptiveSizePolicy* sp = (CMSAdaptiveSizePolicy*)
6206 gch->gen_policy()->size_policy();
6207 assert(sp->is_gc_cms_adaptive_size_policy(),
6208 "Wrong type of size policy");
6209 return sp;
6210 }
6211
6212 void ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::rotate_debug_collection_type() {
6213 if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
6214 gclog_or_tty->print("Rotate from %d ", _debug_collection_type);
6215 }
6216 _debug_collection_type = (CollectionTypes) (_debug_collection_type + 1);
6217 _debug_collection_type =
6218 (CollectionTypes) (_debug_collection_type % Unknown_collection_type);
6219 if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
6220 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("to %d ", _debug_collection_type);
6221 }
6222 }
6223
6224 void CMSCollector::sweepWork(ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration* gen,
6225 bool asynch) {
6226 // We iterate over the space(s) underlying this generation,
6227 // checking the mark bit map to see if the bits corresponding
6228 // to specific blocks are marked or not. Blocks that are
6229 // marked are live and are not swept up. All remaining blocks
6230 // are swept up, with coalescing on-the-fly as we sweep up
6231 // contiguous free and/or garbage blocks:
6232 // We need to ensure that the sweeper synchronizes with allocators
6233 // and stop-the-world collectors. In particular, the following
6234 // locks are used:
6235 // . CMS token: if this is held, a stop the world collection cannot occur
6236 // . freelistLock: if this is held no allocation can occur from this
6237 // generation by another thread
6238 // . bitMapLock: if this is held, no other thread can access or update
6239 //
6240
6241 // Note that we need to hold the freelistLock if we use
6242 // block iterate below; else the iterator might go awry if
6243 // a mutator (or promotion) causes block contents to change
6244 // (for instance if the allocator divvies up a block).
6245 // If we hold the free list lock, for all practical purposes
6246 // young generation GC's can't occur (they'll usually need to
6247 // promote), so we might as well prevent all young generation
6248 // GC's while we do a sweeping step. For the same reason, we might
6249 // as well take the bit map lock for the entire duration
6250
6251 // check that we hold the requisite locks
6252 assert(have_cms_token(), "Should hold cms token");
6253 assert( (asynch && ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token())
6254 || (!asynch && ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::vm_thread_has_cms_token()),
6255 "Should possess CMS token to sweep");
6256 assert_lock_strong(gen->freelistLock());
6257 assert_lock_strong(bitMapLock());
6258
6259 assert(!_inter_sweep_timer.is_active(), "Was switched off in an outer context");
6260 assert(_intra_sweep_timer.is_active(), "Was switched on in an outer context");
6261 gen->cmsSpace()->beginSweepFLCensus((float)(_inter_sweep_timer.seconds()),
6262 _inter_sweep_estimate.padded_average(),
6263 _intra_sweep_estimate.padded_average());
6264 gen->setNearLargestChunk();
6265
6266 {
6267 SweepClosure sweepClosure(this, gen, &_markBitMap,
6268 CMSYield && asynch);
6269 gen->cmsSpace()->blk_iterate_careful(&sweepClosure);
6270 // We need to free-up/coalesce garbage/blocks from a
6271 // co-terminal free run. This is done in the SweepClosure
6272 // destructor; so, do not remove this scope, else the
6273 // end-of-sweep-census below will be off by a little bit.
6274 }
6275 gen->cmsSpace()->sweep_completed();
6276 gen->cmsSpace()->endSweepFLCensus(sweep_count());
6277 if (should_unload_classes()) { // unloaded classes this cycle,
6278 _concurrent_cycles_since_last_unload = 0; // ... reset count
6279 } else { // did not unload classes,
6280 _concurrent_cycles_since_last_unload++; // ... increment count
6281 }
6282 }
6283
6284 // Reset CMS data structures (for now just the marking bit map)
6285 // preparatory for the next cycle.
6286 void CMSCollector::reset(bool asynch) {
6287 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
6288 CMSAdaptiveSizePolicy* sp = size_policy();
6289 AdaptiveSizePolicyOutput(sp, gch->total_collections());
6290 if (asynch) {
6291 CMSTokenSyncWithLocks ts(true, bitMapLock());
6292
6293 // If the state is not "Resetting", the foreground thread
6294 // has done a collection and the resetting.
6295 if (_collectorState != Resetting) {
6296 assert(_collectorState == Idling, "The state should only change"
6297 " because the foreground collector has finished the collection");
6298 return;
6299 }
6300
6301 // Clear the mark bitmap (no grey objects to start with)
6302 // for the next cycle.
6303 TraceCPUTime tcpu(PrintGCDetails, true, gclog_or_tty);
6304 CMSPhaseAccounting cmspa(this, "reset", !PrintGCDetails);
6305
6306 HeapWord* curAddr = _markBitMap.startWord();
6307 while (curAddr < _markBitMap.endWord()) {
6308 size_t remaining = pointer_delta(_markBitMap.endWord(), curAddr);
6309 MemRegion chunk(curAddr, MIN2(CMSBitMapYieldQuantum, remaining));
6310 _markBitMap.clear_large_range(chunk);
6311 if (ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::should_yield() &&
6312 !foregroundGCIsActive() &&
6313 CMSYield) {
6314 assert(ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token(),
6315 "CMS thread should hold CMS token");
6316 assert_lock_strong(bitMapLock());
6317 bitMapLock()->unlock();
6318 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::desynchronize(true);
6319 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
6320 stopTimer();
6321 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
6322 incrementYields();
6323 }
6324 icms_wait();
6325
6326 // See the comment in coordinator_yield()
6327 for (unsigned i = 0; i < CMSYieldSleepCount &&
6328 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::should_yield() &&
6329 !CMSCollector::foregroundGCIsActive(); ++i) {
6330 os::sleep(Thread::current(), 1, false);
6331 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
6332 }
6333
6334 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::synchronize(true);
6335 bitMapLock()->lock_without_safepoint_check();
6336 startTimer();
6337 }
6338 curAddr = chunk.end();
6339 }
6340 // A successful mostly concurrent collection has been done.
6341 // Because only the full (i.e., concurrent mode failure) collections
6342 // are being measured for gc overhead limits, clean the "near" flag
6343 // and count.
6344 sp->reset_gc_overhead_limit_count();
6345 _collectorState = Idling;
6346 } else {
6347 // already have the lock
6348 assert(_collectorState == Resetting, "just checking");
6349 assert_lock_strong(bitMapLock());
6350 _markBitMap.clear_all();
6351 _collectorState = Idling;
6352 }
6353
6354 // Stop incremental mode after a cycle completes, so that any future cycles
6355 // are triggered by allocation.
6356 stop_icms();
6357
6358 NOT_PRODUCT(
6359 if (RotateCMSCollectionTypes) {
6360 _cmsGen->rotate_debug_collection_type();
6361 }
6362 )
6363 }
6364
6365 void CMSCollector::do_CMS_operation(CMS_op_type op, GCCause::Cause gc_cause) {
6366 gclog_or_tty->date_stamp(PrintGC && PrintGCDateStamps);
6367 TraceCPUTime tcpu(PrintGCDetails, true, gclog_or_tty);
6368 TraceTime t(GCCauseString("GC", gc_cause), PrintGC, !PrintGCDetails, gclog_or_tty);
6369 TraceCollectorStats tcs(counters());
6370
6371 switch (op) {
6372 case CMS_op_checkpointRootsInitial: {
6373 SvcGCMarker sgcm(SvcGCMarker::OTHER);
6374 checkpointRootsInitial(true); // asynch
6375 if (PrintGC) {
6376 _cmsGen->printOccupancy("initial-mark");
6377 }
6378 break;
6379 }
6380 case CMS_op_checkpointRootsFinal: {
6381 SvcGCMarker sgcm(SvcGCMarker::OTHER);
6382 checkpointRootsFinal(true, // asynch
6383 false, // !clear_all_soft_refs
6384 false); // !init_mark_was_synchronous
6385 if (PrintGC) {
6386 _cmsGen->printOccupancy("remark");
6387 }
6388 break;
6389 }
6390 default:
6391 fatal("No such CMS_op");
6392 }
6393 }
6394
6395 #ifndef PRODUCT
6396 size_t const CMSCollector::skip_header_HeapWords() {
6397 return FreeChunk::header_size();
6398 }
6399
6400 // Try and collect here conditions that should hold when
6401 // CMS thread is exiting. The idea is that the foreground GC
6402 // thread should not be blocked if it wants to terminate
6403 // the CMS thread and yet continue to run the VM for a while
6404 // after that.
6405 void CMSCollector::verify_ok_to_terminate() const {
6406 assert(Thread::current()->is_ConcurrentGC_thread(),
6407 "should be called by CMS thread");
6408 assert(!_foregroundGCShouldWait, "should be false");
6409 // We could check here that all the various low-level locks
6410 // are not held by the CMS thread, but that is overkill; see
6411 // also CMSThread::verify_ok_to_terminate() where the CGC_lock
6412 // is checked.
6413 }
6414 #endif
6415
6416 size_t CMSCollector::block_size_using_printezis_bits(HeapWord* addr) const {
6417 assert(_markBitMap.isMarked(addr) && _markBitMap.isMarked(addr + 1),
6418 "missing Printezis mark?");
6419 HeapWord* nextOneAddr = _markBitMap.getNextMarkedWordAddress(addr + 2);
6420 size_t size = pointer_delta(nextOneAddr + 1, addr);
6421 assert(size == CompactibleFreeListSpace::adjustObjectSize(size),
6422 "alignment problem");
6423 assert(size >= 3, "Necessary for Printezis marks to work");
6424 return size;
6425 }
6426
6427 // A variant of the above (block_size_using_printezis_bits()) except
6428 // that we return 0 if the P-bits are not yet set.
6429 size_t CMSCollector::block_size_if_printezis_bits(HeapWord* addr) const {
6430 if (_markBitMap.isMarked(addr + 1)) {
6431 assert(_markBitMap.isMarked(addr), "P-bit can be set only for marked objects");
6432 HeapWord* nextOneAddr = _markBitMap.getNextMarkedWordAddress(addr + 2);
6433 size_t size = pointer_delta(nextOneAddr + 1, addr);
6434 assert(size == CompactibleFreeListSpace::adjustObjectSize(size),
6435 "alignment problem");
6436 assert(size >= 3, "Necessary for Printezis marks to work");
6437 return size;
6438 }
6439 return 0;
6440 }
6441
6442 HeapWord* CMSCollector::next_card_start_after_block(HeapWord* addr) const {
6443 size_t sz = 0;
6444 oop p = (oop)addr;
6445 if (p->klass_or_null() != NULL) {
6446 sz = CompactibleFreeListSpace::adjustObjectSize(p->size());
6447 } else {
6448 sz = block_size_using_printezis_bits(addr);
6449 }
6450 assert(sz > 0, "size must be nonzero");
6451 HeapWord* next_block = addr + sz;
6452 HeapWord* next_card = (HeapWord*)round_to((uintptr_t)next_block,
6453 CardTableModRefBS::card_size);
6454 assert(round_down((uintptr_t)addr, CardTableModRefBS::card_size) <
6455 round_down((uintptr_t)next_card, CardTableModRefBS::card_size),
6456 "must be different cards");
6457 return next_card;
6458 }
6459
6460
6461 // CMS Bit Map Wrapper /////////////////////////////////////////
6462
6463 // Construct a CMS bit map infrastructure, but don't create the
6464 // bit vector itself. That is done by a separate call CMSBitMap::allocate()
6465 // further below.
6466 CMSBitMap::CMSBitMap(int shifter, int mutex_rank, const char* mutex_name):
6467 _bm(),
6468 _shifter(shifter),
6469 _lock(mutex_rank >= 0 ? new Mutex(mutex_rank, mutex_name, true) : NULL)
6470 {
6471 _bmStartWord = 0;
6472 _bmWordSize = 0;
6473 }
6474
6475 bool CMSBitMap::allocate(MemRegion mr) {
6476 _bmStartWord = mr.start();
6477 _bmWordSize = mr.word_size();
6478 ReservedSpace brs(ReservedSpace::allocation_align_size_up(
6479 (_bmWordSize >> (_shifter + LogBitsPerByte)) + 1));
6480 if (!brs.is_reserved()) {
6481 warning("CMS bit map allocation failure");
6482 return false;
6483 }
6484 // For now we'll just commit all of the bit map up fromt.
6485 // Later on we'll try to be more parsimonious with swap.
6486 if (!_virtual_space.initialize(brs, brs.size())) {
6487 warning("CMS bit map backing store failure");
6488 return false;
6489 }
6490 assert(_virtual_space.committed_size() == brs.size(),
6491 "didn't reserve backing store for all of CMS bit map?");
6492 _bm.set_map((BitMap::bm_word_t*)_virtual_space.low());
6493 assert(_virtual_space.committed_size() << (_shifter + LogBitsPerByte) >=
6494 _bmWordSize, "inconsistency in bit map sizing");
6495 _bm.set_size(_bmWordSize >> _shifter);
6496
6497 // bm.clear(); // can we rely on getting zero'd memory? verify below
6498 assert(isAllClear(),
6499 "Expected zero'd memory from ReservedSpace constructor");
6500 assert(_bm.size() == heapWordDiffToOffsetDiff(sizeInWords()),
6501 "consistency check");
6502 return true;
6503 }
6504
6505 void CMSBitMap::dirty_range_iterate_clear(MemRegion mr, MemRegionClosure* cl) {
6506 HeapWord *next_addr, *end_addr, *last_addr;
6507 assert_locked();
6508 assert(covers(mr), "out-of-range error");
6509 // XXX assert that start and end are appropriately aligned
6510 for (next_addr = mr.start(), end_addr = mr.end();
6511 next_addr < end_addr; next_addr = last_addr) {
6512 MemRegion dirty_region = getAndClearMarkedRegion(next_addr, end_addr);
6513 last_addr = dirty_region.end();
6514 if (!dirty_region.is_empty()) {
6515 cl->do_MemRegion(dirty_region);
6516 } else {
6517 assert(last_addr == end_addr, "program logic");
6518 return;
6519 }
6520 }
6521 }
6522
6523 void CMSBitMap::print_on_error(outputStream* st, const char* prefix) const {
6524 _bm.print_on_error(st, prefix);
6525 }
6526
6527 #ifndef PRODUCT
6528 void CMSBitMap::assert_locked() const {
6529 CMSLockVerifier::assert_locked(lock());
6530 }
6531
6532 bool CMSBitMap::covers(MemRegion mr) const {
6533 // assert(_bm.map() == _virtual_space.low(), "map inconsistency");
6534 assert((size_t)_bm.size() == (_bmWordSize >> _shifter),
6535 "size inconsistency");
6536 return (mr.start() >= _bmStartWord) &&
6537 (mr.end() <= endWord());
6538 }
6539
6540 bool CMSBitMap::covers(HeapWord* start, size_t size) const {
6541 return (start >= _bmStartWord && (start + size) <= endWord());
6542 }
6543
6544 void CMSBitMap::verifyNoOneBitsInRange(HeapWord* left, HeapWord* right) {
6545 // verify that there are no 1 bits in the interval [left, right)
6546 FalseBitMapClosure falseBitMapClosure;
6547 iterate(&falseBitMapClosure, left, right);
6548 }
6549
6550 void CMSBitMap::region_invariant(MemRegion mr)
6551 {
6552 assert_locked();
6553 // mr = mr.intersection(MemRegion(_bmStartWord, _bmWordSize));
6554 assert(!mr.is_empty(), "unexpected empty region");
6555 assert(covers(mr), "mr should be covered by bit map");
6556 // convert address range into offset range
6557 size_t start_ofs = heapWordToOffset(mr.start());
6558 // Make sure that end() is appropriately aligned
6559 assert(mr.end() == (HeapWord*)round_to((intptr_t)mr.end(),
6560 (1 << (_shifter+LogHeapWordSize))),
6561 "Misaligned mr.end()");
6562 size_t end_ofs = heapWordToOffset(mr.end());
6563 assert(end_ofs > start_ofs, "Should mark at least one bit");
6564 }
6565
6566 #endif
6567
6568 bool CMSMarkStack::allocate(size_t size) {
6569 // allocate a stack of the requisite depth
6570 ReservedSpace rs(ReservedSpace::allocation_align_size_up(
6571 size * sizeof(oop)));
6572 if (!rs.is_reserved()) {
6573 warning("CMSMarkStack allocation failure");
6574 return false;
6575 }
6576 if (!_virtual_space.initialize(rs, rs.size())) {
6577 warning("CMSMarkStack backing store failure");
6578 return false;
6579 }
6580 assert(_virtual_space.committed_size() == rs.size(),
6581 "didn't reserve backing store for all of CMS stack?");
6582 _base = (oop*)(_virtual_space.low());
6583 _index = 0;
6584 _capacity = size;
6585 NOT_PRODUCT(_max_depth = 0);
6586 return true;
6587 }
6588
6589 // XXX FIX ME !!! In the MT case we come in here holding a
6590 // leaf lock. For printing we need to take a further lock
6591 // which has lower rank. We need to recallibrate the two
6592 // lock-ranks involved in order to be able to rpint the
6593 // messages below. (Or defer the printing to the caller.
6594 // For now we take the expedient path of just disabling the
6595 // messages for the problematic case.)
6596 void CMSMarkStack::expand() {
6597 assert(_capacity <= MarkStackSizeMax, "stack bigger than permitted");
6598 if (_capacity == MarkStackSizeMax) {
6599 if (_hit_limit++ == 0 && !CMSConcurrentMTEnabled && PrintGCDetails) {
6600 // We print a warning message only once per CMS cycle.
6601 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" (benign) Hit CMSMarkStack max size limit");
6602 }
6603 return;
6604 }
6605 // Double capacity if possible
6606 size_t new_capacity = MIN2(_capacity*2, MarkStackSizeMax);
6607 // Do not give up existing stack until we have managed to
6608 // get the double capacity that we desired.
6609 ReservedSpace rs(ReservedSpace::allocation_align_size_up(
6610 new_capacity * sizeof(oop)));
6611 if (rs.is_reserved()) {
6612 // Release the backing store associated with old stack
6613 _virtual_space.release();
6614 // Reinitialize virtual space for new stack
6615 if (!_virtual_space.initialize(rs, rs.size())) {
6616 fatal("Not enough swap for expanded marking stack");
6617 }
6618 _base = (oop*)(_virtual_space.low());
6619 _index = 0;
6620 _capacity = new_capacity;
6621 } else if (_failed_double++ == 0 && !CMSConcurrentMTEnabled && PrintGCDetails) {
6622 // Failed to double capacity, continue;
6623 // we print a detail message only once per CMS cycle.
6624 gclog_or_tty->print(" (benign) Failed to expand marking stack from "SIZE_FORMAT"K to "
6625 SIZE_FORMAT"K",
6626 _capacity / K, new_capacity / K);
6627 }
6628 }
6629
6630
6631 // Closures
6632 // XXX: there seems to be a lot of code duplication here;
6633 // should refactor and consolidate common code.
6634
6635 // This closure is used to mark refs into the CMS generation in
6636 // the CMS bit map. Called at the first checkpoint. This closure
6637 // assumes that we do not need to re-mark dirty cards; if the CMS
6638 // generation on which this is used is not an oldest
6639 // generation then this will lose younger_gen cards!
6640
6641 MarkRefsIntoClosure::MarkRefsIntoClosure(
6642 MemRegion span, CMSBitMap* bitMap):
6643 _span(span),
6644 _bitMap(bitMap)
6645 {
6646 assert(_ref_processor == NULL, "deliberately left NULL");
6647 assert(_bitMap->covers(_span), "_bitMap/_span mismatch");
6648 }
6649
6650 void MarkRefsIntoClosure::do_oop(oop obj) {
6651 // if p points into _span, then mark corresponding bit in _markBitMap
6652 assert(obj->is_oop(), "expected an oop");
6653 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)obj;
6654 if (_span.contains(addr)) {
6655 // this should be made more efficient
6656 _bitMap->mark(addr);
6657 }
6658 }
6659
6660 void MarkRefsIntoClosure::do_oop(oop* p) { MarkRefsIntoClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
6661 void MarkRefsIntoClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { MarkRefsIntoClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
6662
6663 // A variant of the above, used for CMS marking verification.
6664 MarkRefsIntoVerifyClosure::MarkRefsIntoVerifyClosure(
6665 MemRegion span, CMSBitMap* verification_bm, CMSBitMap* cms_bm):
6666 _span(span),
6667 _verification_bm(verification_bm),
6668 _cms_bm(cms_bm)
6669 {
6670 assert(_ref_processor == NULL, "deliberately left NULL");
6671 assert(_verification_bm->covers(_span), "_verification_bm/_span mismatch");
6672 }
6673
6674 void MarkRefsIntoVerifyClosure::do_oop(oop obj) {
6675 // if p points into _span, then mark corresponding bit in _markBitMap
6676 assert(obj->is_oop(), "expected an oop");
6677 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)obj;
6678 if (_span.contains(addr)) {
6679 _verification_bm->mark(addr);
6680 if (!_cms_bm->isMarked(addr)) {
6681 oop(addr)->print();
6682 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" (" INTPTR_FORMAT " should have been marked)", addr);
6683 fatal("... aborting");
6684 }
6685 }
6686 }
6687
6688 void MarkRefsIntoVerifyClosure::do_oop(oop* p) { MarkRefsIntoVerifyClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
6689 void MarkRefsIntoVerifyClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { MarkRefsIntoVerifyClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
6690
6691 //////////////////////////////////////////////////
6692 // MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure
6693 //////////////////////////////////////////////////
6694
6695 MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure::MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure(MemRegion span,
6696 ReferenceProcessor* rp,
6697 CMSBitMap* bit_map,
6698 CMSBitMap* mod_union_table,
6699 CMSMarkStack* mark_stack,
6700 CMSCollector* collector,
6701 bool should_yield,
6702 bool concurrent_precleaning):
6703 _collector(collector),
6704 _span(span),
6705 _bit_map(bit_map),
6706 _mark_stack(mark_stack),
6707 _pushAndMarkClosure(collector, span, rp, bit_map, mod_union_table,
6708 mark_stack, concurrent_precleaning),
6709 _yield(should_yield),
6710 _concurrent_precleaning(concurrent_precleaning),
6711 _freelistLock(NULL)
6712 {
6713 _ref_processor = rp;
6714 assert(_ref_processor != NULL, "_ref_processor shouldn't be NULL");
6715 }
6716
6717 // This closure is used to mark refs into the CMS generation at the
6718 // second (final) checkpoint, and to scan and transitively follow
6719 // the unmarked oops. It is also used during the concurrent precleaning
6720 // phase while scanning objects on dirty cards in the CMS generation.
6721 // The marks are made in the marking bit map and the marking stack is
6722 // used for keeping the (newly) grey objects during the scan.
6723 // The parallel version (Par_...) appears further below.
6724 void MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure::do_oop(oop obj) {
6725 if (obj != NULL) {
6726 assert(obj->is_oop(), "expected an oop");
6727 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)obj;
6728 assert(_mark_stack->isEmpty(), "pre-condition (eager drainage)");
6729 assert(_collector->overflow_list_is_empty(),
6730 "overflow list should be empty");
6731 if (_span.contains(addr) &&
6732 !_bit_map->isMarked(addr)) {
6733 // mark bit map (object is now grey)
6734 _bit_map->mark(addr);
6735 // push on marking stack (stack should be empty), and drain the
6736 // stack by applying this closure to the oops in the oops popped
6737 // from the stack (i.e. blacken the grey objects)
6738 bool res = _mark_stack->push(obj);
6739 assert(res, "Should have space to push on empty stack");
6740 do {
6741 oop new_oop = _mark_stack->pop();
6742 assert(new_oop != NULL && new_oop->is_oop(), "Expected an oop");
6743 assert(_bit_map->isMarked((HeapWord*)new_oop),
6744 "only grey objects on this stack");
6745 // iterate over the oops in this oop, marking and pushing
6746 // the ones in CMS heap (i.e. in _span).
6747 new_oop->oop_iterate(&_pushAndMarkClosure);
6748 // check if it's time to yield
6749 do_yield_check();
6750 } while (!_mark_stack->isEmpty() ||
6751 (!_concurrent_precleaning && take_from_overflow_list()));
6752 // if marking stack is empty, and we are not doing this
6753 // during precleaning, then check the overflow list
6754 }
6755 assert(_mark_stack->isEmpty(), "post-condition (eager drainage)");
6756 assert(_collector->overflow_list_is_empty(),
6757 "overflow list was drained above");
6758 // We could restore evacuated mark words, if any, used for
6759 // overflow list links here because the overflow list is
6760 // provably empty here. That would reduce the maximum
6761 // size requirements for preserved_{oop,mark}_stack.
6762 // But we'll just postpone it until we are all done
6763 // so we can just stream through.
6764 if (!_concurrent_precleaning && CMSOverflowEarlyRestoration) {
6765 _collector->restore_preserved_marks_if_any();
6766 assert(_collector->no_preserved_marks(), "No preserved marks");
6767 }
6768 assert(!CMSOverflowEarlyRestoration || _collector->no_preserved_marks(),
6769 "All preserved marks should have been restored above");
6770 }
6771 }
6772
6773 void MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure::do_oop(oop* p) { MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
6774 void MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
6775
6776 void MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure::do_yield_work() {
6777 assert(ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token(),
6778 "CMS thread should hold CMS token");
6779 assert_lock_strong(_freelistLock);
6780 assert_lock_strong(_bit_map->lock());
6781 // relinquish the free_list_lock and bitMaplock()
6782 _bit_map->lock()->unlock();
6783 _freelistLock->unlock();
6784 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::desynchronize(true);
6785 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
6786 _collector->stopTimer();
6787 GCPauseTimer p(_collector->size_policy()->concurrent_timer_ptr());
6788 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
6789 _collector->incrementYields();
6790 }
6791 _collector->icms_wait();
6792
6793 // See the comment in coordinator_yield()
6794 for (unsigned i = 0;
6795 i < CMSYieldSleepCount &&
6796 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::should_yield() &&
6797 !CMSCollector::foregroundGCIsActive();
6798 ++i) {
6799 os::sleep(Thread::current(), 1, false);
6800 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
6801 }
6802
6803 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::synchronize(true);
6804 _freelistLock->lock_without_safepoint_check();
6805 _bit_map->lock()->lock_without_safepoint_check();
6806 _collector->startTimer();
6807 }
6808
6809 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
6810 // Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure: a parallel version of
6811 // MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure
6812 ///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
6813 Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure::Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure(
6814 CMSCollector* collector, MemRegion span, ReferenceProcessor* rp,
6815 CMSBitMap* bit_map, OopTaskQueue* work_queue):
6816 _span(span),
6817 _bit_map(bit_map),
6818 _work_queue(work_queue),
6819 _low_water_mark(MIN2((uint)(work_queue->max_elems()/4),
6820 (uint)(CMSWorkQueueDrainThreshold * ParallelGCThreads))),
6821 _par_pushAndMarkClosure(collector, span, rp, bit_map, work_queue)
6822 {
6823 _ref_processor = rp;
6824 assert(_ref_processor != NULL, "_ref_processor shouldn't be NULL");
6825 }
6826
6827 // This closure is used to mark refs into the CMS generation at the
6828 // second (final) checkpoint, and to scan and transitively follow
6829 // the unmarked oops. The marks are made in the marking bit map and
6830 // the work_queue is used for keeping the (newly) grey objects during
6831 // the scan phase whence they are also available for stealing by parallel
6832 // threads. Since the marking bit map is shared, updates are
6833 // synchronized (via CAS).
6834 void Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure::do_oop(oop obj) {
6835 if (obj != NULL) {
6836 // Ignore mark word because this could be an already marked oop
6837 // that may be chained at the end of the overflow list.
6838 assert(obj->is_oop(true), "expected an oop");
6839 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)obj;
6840 if (_span.contains(addr) &&
6841 !_bit_map->isMarked(addr)) {
6842 // mark bit map (object will become grey):
6843 // It is possible for several threads to be
6844 // trying to "claim" this object concurrently;
6845 // the unique thread that succeeds in marking the
6846 // object first will do the subsequent push on
6847 // to the work queue (or overflow list).
6848 if (_bit_map->par_mark(addr)) {
6849 // push on work_queue (which may not be empty), and trim the
6850 // queue to an appropriate length by applying this closure to
6851 // the oops in the oops popped from the stack (i.e. blacken the
6852 // grey objects)
6853 bool res = _work_queue->push(obj);
6854 assert(res, "Low water mark should be less than capacity?");
6855 trim_queue(_low_water_mark);
6856 } // Else, another thread claimed the object
6857 }
6858 }
6859 }
6860
6861 void Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure::do_oop(oop* p) { Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
6862 void Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { Par_MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
6863
6864 // This closure is used to rescan the marked objects on the dirty cards
6865 // in the mod union table and the card table proper.
6866 size_t ScanMarkedObjectsAgainCarefullyClosure::do_object_careful_m(
6867 oop p, MemRegion mr) {
6868
6869 size_t size = 0;
6870 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)p;
6871 DEBUG_ONLY(_collector->verify_work_stacks_empty();)
6872 assert(_span.contains(addr), "we are scanning the CMS generation");
6873 // check if it's time to yield
6874 if (do_yield_check()) {
6875 // We yielded for some foreground stop-world work,
6876 // and we have been asked to abort this ongoing preclean cycle.
6877 return 0;
6878 }
6879 if (_bitMap->isMarked(addr)) {
6880 // it's marked; is it potentially uninitialized?
6881 if (p->klass_or_null() != NULL) {
6882 // an initialized object; ignore mark word in verification below
6883 // since we are running concurrent with mutators
6884 assert(p->is_oop(true), "should be an oop");
6885 if (p->is_objArray()) {
6886 // objArrays are precisely marked; restrict scanning
6887 // to dirty cards only.
6888 size = CompactibleFreeListSpace::adjustObjectSize(
6889 p->oop_iterate(_scanningClosure, mr));
6890 } else {
6891 // A non-array may have been imprecisely marked; we need
6892 // to scan object in its entirety.
6893 size = CompactibleFreeListSpace::adjustObjectSize(
6894 p->oop_iterate(_scanningClosure));
6895 }
6896 #ifdef ASSERT
6897 size_t direct_size =
6898 CompactibleFreeListSpace::adjustObjectSize(p->size());
6899 assert(size == direct_size, "Inconsistency in size");
6900 assert(size >= 3, "Necessary for Printezis marks to work");
6901 if (!_bitMap->isMarked(addr+1)) {
6902 _bitMap->verifyNoOneBitsInRange(addr+2, addr+size);
6903 } else {
6904 _bitMap->verifyNoOneBitsInRange(addr+2, addr+size-1);
6905 assert(_bitMap->isMarked(addr+size-1),
6906 "inconsistent Printezis mark");
6907 }
6908 #endif // ASSERT
6909 } else {
6910 // an unitialized object
6911 assert(_bitMap->isMarked(addr+1), "missing Printezis mark?");
6912 HeapWord* nextOneAddr = _bitMap->getNextMarkedWordAddress(addr + 2);
6913 size = pointer_delta(nextOneAddr + 1, addr);
6914 assert(size == CompactibleFreeListSpace::adjustObjectSize(size),
6915 "alignment problem");
6916 // Note that pre-cleaning needn't redirty the card. OopDesc::set_klass()
6917 // will dirty the card when the klass pointer is installed in the
6918 // object (signalling the completion of initialization).
6919 }
6920 } else {
6921 // Either a not yet marked object or an uninitialized object
6922 if (p->klass_or_null() == NULL) {
6923 // An uninitialized object, skip to the next card, since
6924 // we may not be able to read its P-bits yet.
6925 assert(size == 0, "Initial value");
6926 } else {
6927 // An object not (yet) reached by marking: we merely need to
6928 // compute its size so as to go look at the next block.
6929 assert(p->is_oop(true), "should be an oop");
6930 size = CompactibleFreeListSpace::adjustObjectSize(p->size());
6931 }
6932 }
6933 DEBUG_ONLY(_collector->verify_work_stacks_empty();)
6934 return size;
6935 }
6936
6937 void ScanMarkedObjectsAgainCarefullyClosure::do_yield_work() {
6938 assert(ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token(),
6939 "CMS thread should hold CMS token");
6940 assert_lock_strong(_freelistLock);
6941 assert_lock_strong(_bitMap->lock());
6942 // relinquish the free_list_lock and bitMaplock()
6943 _bitMap->lock()->unlock();
6944 _freelistLock->unlock();
6945 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::desynchronize(true);
6946 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
6947 _collector->stopTimer();
6948 GCPauseTimer p(_collector->size_policy()->concurrent_timer_ptr());
6949 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
6950 _collector->incrementYields();
6951 }
6952 _collector->icms_wait();
6953
6954 // See the comment in coordinator_yield()
6955 for (unsigned i = 0; i < CMSYieldSleepCount &&
6956 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::should_yield() &&
6957 !CMSCollector::foregroundGCIsActive(); ++i) {
6958 os::sleep(Thread::current(), 1, false);
6959 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
6960 }
6961
6962 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::synchronize(true);
6963 _freelistLock->lock_without_safepoint_check();
6964 _bitMap->lock()->lock_without_safepoint_check();
6965 _collector->startTimer();
6966 }
6967
6968
6969 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
6970 // SurvivorSpacePrecleanClosure
6971 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
6972 // This (single-threaded) closure is used to preclean the oops in
6973 // the survivor spaces.
6974 size_t SurvivorSpacePrecleanClosure::do_object_careful(oop p) {
6975
6976 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)p;
6977 DEBUG_ONLY(_collector->verify_work_stacks_empty();)
6978 assert(!_span.contains(addr), "we are scanning the survivor spaces");
6979 assert(p->klass_or_null() != NULL, "object should be initializd");
6980 // an initialized object; ignore mark word in verification below
6981 // since we are running concurrent with mutators
6982 assert(p->is_oop(true), "should be an oop");
6983 // Note that we do not yield while we iterate over
6984 // the interior oops of p, pushing the relevant ones
6985 // on our marking stack.
6986 size_t size = p->oop_iterate(_scanning_closure);
6987 do_yield_check();
6988 // Observe that below, we do not abandon the preclean
6989 // phase as soon as we should; rather we empty the
6990 // marking stack before returning. This is to satisfy
6991 // some existing assertions. In general, it may be a
6992 // good idea to abort immediately and complete the marking
6993 // from the grey objects at a later time.
6994 while (!_mark_stack->isEmpty()) {
6995 oop new_oop = _mark_stack->pop();
6996 assert(new_oop != NULL && new_oop->is_oop(), "Expected an oop");
6997 assert(_bit_map->isMarked((HeapWord*)new_oop),
6998 "only grey objects on this stack");
6999 // iterate over the oops in this oop, marking and pushing
7000 // the ones in CMS heap (i.e. in _span).
7001 new_oop->oop_iterate(_scanning_closure);
7002 // check if it's time to yield
7003 do_yield_check();
7004 }
7005 unsigned int after_count =
7006 GenCollectedHeap::heap()->total_collections();
7007 bool abort = (_before_count != after_count) ||
7008 _collector->should_abort_preclean();
7009 return abort ? 0 : size;
7010 }
7011
7012 void SurvivorSpacePrecleanClosure::do_yield_work() {
7013 assert(ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token(),
7014 "CMS thread should hold CMS token");
7015 assert_lock_strong(_bit_map->lock());
7016 // Relinquish the bit map lock
7017 _bit_map->lock()->unlock();
7018 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::desynchronize(true);
7019 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
7020 _collector->stopTimer();
7021 GCPauseTimer p(_collector->size_policy()->concurrent_timer_ptr());
7022 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
7023 _collector->incrementYields();
7024 }
7025 _collector->icms_wait();
7026
7027 // See the comment in coordinator_yield()
7028 for (unsigned i = 0; i < CMSYieldSleepCount &&
7029 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::should_yield() &&
7030 !CMSCollector::foregroundGCIsActive(); ++i) {
7031 os::sleep(Thread::current(), 1, false);
7032 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
7033 }
7034
7035 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::synchronize(true);
7036 _bit_map->lock()->lock_without_safepoint_check();
7037 _collector->startTimer();
7038 }
7039
7040 // This closure is used to rescan the marked objects on the dirty cards
7041 // in the mod union table and the card table proper. In the parallel
7042 // case, although the bitMap is shared, we do a single read so the
7043 // isMarked() query is "safe".
7044 bool ScanMarkedObjectsAgainClosure::do_object_bm(oop p, MemRegion mr) {
7045 // Ignore mark word because we are running concurrent with mutators
7046 assert(p->is_oop_or_null(true), "expected an oop or null");
7047 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)p;
7048 assert(_span.contains(addr), "we are scanning the CMS generation");
7049 bool is_obj_array = false;
7050 #ifdef ASSERT
7051 if (!_parallel) {
7052 assert(_mark_stack->isEmpty(), "pre-condition (eager drainage)");
7053 assert(_collector->overflow_list_is_empty(),
7054 "overflow list should be empty");
7055
7056 }
7057 #endif // ASSERT
7058 if (_bit_map->isMarked(addr)) {
7059 // Obj arrays are precisely marked, non-arrays are not;
7060 // so we scan objArrays precisely and non-arrays in their
7061 // entirety.
7062 if (p->is_objArray()) {
7063 is_obj_array = true;
7064 if (_parallel) {
7065 p->oop_iterate(_par_scan_closure, mr);
7066 } else {
7067 p->oop_iterate(_scan_closure, mr);
7068 }
7069 } else {
7070 if (_parallel) {
7071 p->oop_iterate(_par_scan_closure);
7072 } else {
7073 p->oop_iterate(_scan_closure);
7074 }
7075 }
7076 }
7077 #ifdef ASSERT
7078 if (!_parallel) {
7079 assert(_mark_stack->isEmpty(), "post-condition (eager drainage)");
7080 assert(_collector->overflow_list_is_empty(),
7081 "overflow list should be empty");
7082
7083 }
7084 #endif // ASSERT
7085 return is_obj_array;
7086 }
7087
7088 MarkFromRootsClosure::MarkFromRootsClosure(CMSCollector* collector,
7089 MemRegion span,
7090 CMSBitMap* bitMap, CMSMarkStack* markStack,
7091 bool should_yield, bool verifying):
7092 _collector(collector),
7093 _span(span),
7094 _bitMap(bitMap),
7095 _mut(&collector->_modUnionTable),
7096 _markStack(markStack),
7097 _yield(should_yield),
7098 _skipBits(0)
7099 {
7100 assert(_markStack->isEmpty(), "stack should be empty");
7101 _finger = _bitMap->startWord();
7102 _threshold = _finger;
7103 assert(_collector->_restart_addr == NULL, "Sanity check");
7104 assert(_span.contains(_finger), "Out of bounds _finger?");
7105 DEBUG_ONLY(_verifying = verifying;)
7106 }
7107
7108 void MarkFromRootsClosure::reset(HeapWord* addr) {
7109 assert(_markStack->isEmpty(), "would cause duplicates on stack");
7110 assert(_span.contains(addr), "Out of bounds _finger?");
7111 _finger = addr;
7112 _threshold = (HeapWord*)round_to(
7113 (intptr_t)_finger, CardTableModRefBS::card_size);
7114 }
7115
7116 // Should revisit to see if this should be restructured for
7117 // greater efficiency.
7118 bool MarkFromRootsClosure::do_bit(size_t offset) {
7119 if (_skipBits > 0) {
7120 _skipBits--;
7121 return true;
7122 }
7123 // convert offset into a HeapWord*
7124 HeapWord* addr = _bitMap->startWord() + offset;
7125 assert(_bitMap->endWord() && addr < _bitMap->endWord(),
7126 "address out of range");
7127 assert(_bitMap->isMarked(addr), "tautology");
7128 if (_bitMap->isMarked(addr+1)) {
7129 // this is an allocated but not yet initialized object
7130 assert(_skipBits == 0, "tautology");
7131 _skipBits = 2; // skip next two marked bits ("Printezis-marks")
7132 oop p = oop(addr);
7133 if (p->klass_or_null() == NULL) {
7134 DEBUG_ONLY(if (!_verifying) {)
7135 // We re-dirty the cards on which this object lies and increase
7136 // the _threshold so that we'll come back to scan this object
7137 // during the preclean or remark phase. (CMSCleanOnEnter)
7138 if (CMSCleanOnEnter) {
7139 size_t sz = _collector->block_size_using_printezis_bits(addr);
7140 HeapWord* end_card_addr = (HeapWord*)round_to(
7141 (intptr_t)(addr+sz), CardTableModRefBS::card_size);
7142 MemRegion redirty_range = MemRegion(addr, end_card_addr);
7143 assert(!redirty_range.is_empty(), "Arithmetical tautology");
7144 // Bump _threshold to end_card_addr; note that
7145 // _threshold cannot possibly exceed end_card_addr, anyhow.
7146 // This prevents future clearing of the card as the scan proceeds
7147 // to the right.
7148 assert(_threshold <= end_card_addr,
7149 "Because we are just scanning into this object");
7150 if (_threshold < end_card_addr) {
7151 _threshold = end_card_addr;
7152 }
7153 if (p->klass_or_null() != NULL) {
7154 // Redirty the range of cards...
7155 _mut->mark_range(redirty_range);
7156 } // ...else the setting of klass will dirty the card anyway.
7157 }
7158 DEBUG_ONLY(})
7159 return true;
7160 }
7161 }
7162 scanOopsInOop(addr);
7163 return true;
7164 }
7165
7166 // We take a break if we've been at this for a while,
7167 // so as to avoid monopolizing the locks involved.
7168 void MarkFromRootsClosure::do_yield_work() {
7169 // First give up the locks, then yield, then re-lock
7170 // We should probably use a constructor/destructor idiom to
7171 // do this unlock/lock or modify the MutexUnlocker class to
7172 // serve our purpose. XXX
7173 assert(ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token(),
7174 "CMS thread should hold CMS token");
7175 assert_lock_strong(_bitMap->lock());
7176 _bitMap->lock()->unlock();
7177 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::desynchronize(true);
7178 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
7179 _collector->stopTimer();
7180 GCPauseTimer p(_collector->size_policy()->concurrent_timer_ptr());
7181 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
7182 _collector->incrementYields();
7183 }
7184 _collector->icms_wait();
7185
7186 // See the comment in coordinator_yield()
7187 for (unsigned i = 0; i < CMSYieldSleepCount &&
7188 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::should_yield() &&
7189 !CMSCollector::foregroundGCIsActive(); ++i) {
7190 os::sleep(Thread::current(), 1, false);
7191 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
7192 }
7193
7194 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::synchronize(true);
7195 _bitMap->lock()->lock_without_safepoint_check();
7196 _collector->startTimer();
7197 }
7198
7199 void MarkFromRootsClosure::scanOopsInOop(HeapWord* ptr) {
7200 assert(_bitMap->isMarked(ptr), "expected bit to be set");
7201 assert(_markStack->isEmpty(),
7202 "should drain stack to limit stack usage");
7203 // convert ptr to an oop preparatory to scanning
7204 oop obj = oop(ptr);
7205 // Ignore mark word in verification below, since we
7206 // may be running concurrent with mutators.
7207 assert(obj->is_oop(true), "should be an oop");
7208 assert(_finger <= ptr, "_finger runneth ahead");
7209 // advance the finger to right end of this object
7210 _finger = ptr + obj->size();
7211 assert(_finger > ptr, "we just incremented it above");
7212 // On large heaps, it may take us some time to get through
7213 // the marking phase (especially if running iCMS). During
7214 // this time it's possible that a lot of mutations have
7215 // accumulated in the card table and the mod union table --
7216 // these mutation records are redundant until we have
7217 // actually traced into the corresponding card.
7218 // Here, we check whether advancing the finger would make
7219 // us cross into a new card, and if so clear corresponding
7220 // cards in the MUT (preclean them in the card-table in the
7221 // future).
7222
7223 DEBUG_ONLY(if (!_verifying) {)
7224 // The clean-on-enter optimization is disabled by default,
7225 // until we fix 6178663.
7226 if (CMSCleanOnEnter && (_finger > _threshold)) {
7227 // [_threshold, _finger) represents the interval
7228 // of cards to be cleared in MUT (or precleaned in card table).
7229 // The set of cards to be cleared is all those that overlap
7230 // with the interval [_threshold, _finger); note that
7231 // _threshold is always kept card-aligned but _finger isn't
7232 // always card-aligned.
7233 HeapWord* old_threshold = _threshold;
7234 assert(old_threshold == (HeapWord*)round_to(
7235 (intptr_t)old_threshold, CardTableModRefBS::card_size),
7236 "_threshold should always be card-aligned");
7237 _threshold = (HeapWord*)round_to(
7238 (intptr_t)_finger, CardTableModRefBS::card_size);
7239 MemRegion mr(old_threshold, _threshold);
7240 assert(!mr.is_empty(), "Control point invariant");
7241 assert(_span.contains(mr), "Should clear within span");
7242 _mut->clear_range(mr);
7243 }
7244 DEBUG_ONLY(})
7245 // Note: the finger doesn't advance while we drain
7246 // the stack below.
7247 PushOrMarkClosure pushOrMarkClosure(_collector,
7248 _span, _bitMap, _markStack,
7249 _finger, this);
7250 bool res = _markStack->push(obj);
7251 assert(res, "Empty non-zero size stack should have space for single push");
7252 while (!_markStack->isEmpty()) {
7253 oop new_oop = _markStack->pop();
7254 // Skip verifying header mark word below because we are
7255 // running concurrent with mutators.
7256 assert(new_oop->is_oop(true), "Oops! expected to pop an oop");
7257 // now scan this oop's oops
7258 new_oop->oop_iterate(&pushOrMarkClosure);
7259 do_yield_check();
7260 }
7261 assert(_markStack->isEmpty(), "tautology, emphasizing post-condition");
7262 }
7263
7264 Par_MarkFromRootsClosure::Par_MarkFromRootsClosure(CMSConcMarkingTask* task,
7265 CMSCollector* collector, MemRegion span,
7266 CMSBitMap* bit_map,
7267 OopTaskQueue* work_queue,
7268 CMSMarkStack* overflow_stack,
7269 bool should_yield):
7270 _collector(collector),
7271 _whole_span(collector->_span),
7272 _span(span),
7273 _bit_map(bit_map),
7274 _mut(&collector->_modUnionTable),
7275 _work_queue(work_queue),
7276 _overflow_stack(overflow_stack),
7277 _yield(should_yield),
7278 _skip_bits(0),
7279 _task(task)
7280 {
7281 assert(_work_queue->size() == 0, "work_queue should be empty");
7282 _finger = span.start();
7283 _threshold = _finger; // XXX Defer clear-on-enter optimization for now
7284 assert(_span.contains(_finger), "Out of bounds _finger?");
7285 }
7286
7287 // Should revisit to see if this should be restructured for
7288 // greater efficiency.
7289 bool Par_MarkFromRootsClosure::do_bit(size_t offset) {
7290 if (_skip_bits > 0) {
7291 _skip_bits--;
7292 return true;
7293 }
7294 // convert offset into a HeapWord*
7295 HeapWord* addr = _bit_map->startWord() + offset;
7296 assert(_bit_map->endWord() && addr < _bit_map->endWord(),
7297 "address out of range");
7298 assert(_bit_map->isMarked(addr), "tautology");
7299 if (_bit_map->isMarked(addr+1)) {
7300 // this is an allocated object that might not yet be initialized
7301 assert(_skip_bits == 0, "tautology");
7302 _skip_bits = 2; // skip next two marked bits ("Printezis-marks")
7303 oop p = oop(addr);
7304 if (p->klass_or_null() == NULL) {
7305 // in the case of Clean-on-Enter optimization, redirty card
7306 // and avoid clearing card by increasing the threshold.
7307 return true;
7308 }
7309 }
7310 scan_oops_in_oop(addr);
7311 return true;
7312 }
7313
7314 void Par_MarkFromRootsClosure::scan_oops_in_oop(HeapWord* ptr) {
7315 assert(_bit_map->isMarked(ptr), "expected bit to be set");
7316 // Should we assert that our work queue is empty or
7317 // below some drain limit?
7318 assert(_work_queue->size() == 0,
7319 "should drain stack to limit stack usage");
7320 // convert ptr to an oop preparatory to scanning
7321 oop obj = oop(ptr);
7322 // Ignore mark word in verification below, since we
7323 // may be running concurrent with mutators.
7324 assert(obj->is_oop(true), "should be an oop");
7325 assert(_finger <= ptr, "_finger runneth ahead");
7326 // advance the finger to right end of this object
7327 _finger = ptr + obj->size();
7328 assert(_finger > ptr, "we just incremented it above");
7329 // On large heaps, it may take us some time to get through
7330 // the marking phase (especially if running iCMS). During
7331 // this time it's possible that a lot of mutations have
7332 // accumulated in the card table and the mod union table --
7333 // these mutation records are redundant until we have
7334 // actually traced into the corresponding card.
7335 // Here, we check whether advancing the finger would make
7336 // us cross into a new card, and if so clear corresponding
7337 // cards in the MUT (preclean them in the card-table in the
7338 // future).
7339
7340 // The clean-on-enter optimization is disabled by default,
7341 // until we fix 6178663.
7342 if (CMSCleanOnEnter && (_finger > _threshold)) {
7343 // [_threshold, _finger) represents the interval
7344 // of cards to be cleared in MUT (or precleaned in card table).
7345 // The set of cards to be cleared is all those that overlap
7346 // with the interval [_threshold, _finger); note that
7347 // _threshold is always kept card-aligned but _finger isn't
7348 // always card-aligned.
7349 HeapWord* old_threshold = _threshold;
7350 assert(old_threshold == (HeapWord*)round_to(
7351 (intptr_t)old_threshold, CardTableModRefBS::card_size),
7352 "_threshold should always be card-aligned");
7353 _threshold = (HeapWord*)round_to(
7354 (intptr_t)_finger, CardTableModRefBS::card_size);
7355 MemRegion mr(old_threshold, _threshold);
7356 assert(!mr.is_empty(), "Control point invariant");
7357 assert(_span.contains(mr), "Should clear within span"); // _whole_span ??
7358 _mut->clear_range(mr);
7359 }
7360
7361 // Note: the local finger doesn't advance while we drain
7362 // the stack below, but the global finger sure can and will.
7363 HeapWord** gfa = _task->global_finger_addr();
7364 Par_PushOrMarkClosure pushOrMarkClosure(_collector,
7365 _span, _bit_map,
7366 _work_queue,
7367 _overflow_stack,
7368 _finger,
7369 gfa, this);
7370 bool res = _work_queue->push(obj); // overflow could occur here
7371 assert(res, "Will hold once we use workqueues");
7372 while (true) {
7373 oop new_oop;
7374 if (!_work_queue->pop_local(new_oop)) {
7375 // We emptied our work_queue; check if there's stuff that can
7376 // be gotten from the overflow stack.
7377 if (CMSConcMarkingTask::get_work_from_overflow_stack(
7378 _overflow_stack, _work_queue)) {
7379 do_yield_check();
7380 continue;
7381 } else { // done
7382 break;
7383 }
7384 }
7385 // Skip verifying header mark word below because we are
7386 // running concurrent with mutators.
7387 assert(new_oop->is_oop(true), "Oops! expected to pop an oop");
7388 // now scan this oop's oops
7389 new_oop->oop_iterate(&pushOrMarkClosure);
7390 do_yield_check();
7391 }
7392 assert(_work_queue->size() == 0, "tautology, emphasizing post-condition");
7393 }
7394
7395 // Yield in response to a request from VM Thread or
7396 // from mutators.
7397 void Par_MarkFromRootsClosure::do_yield_work() {
7398 assert(_task != NULL, "sanity");
7399 _task->yield();
7400 }
7401
7402 // A variant of the above used for verifying CMS marking work.
7403 MarkFromRootsVerifyClosure::MarkFromRootsVerifyClosure(CMSCollector* collector,
7404 MemRegion span,
7405 CMSBitMap* verification_bm, CMSBitMap* cms_bm,
7406 CMSMarkStack* mark_stack):
7407 _collector(collector),
7408 _span(span),
7409 _verification_bm(verification_bm),
7410 _cms_bm(cms_bm),
7411 _mark_stack(mark_stack),
7412 _pam_verify_closure(collector, span, verification_bm, cms_bm,
7413 mark_stack)
7414 {
7415 assert(_mark_stack->isEmpty(), "stack should be empty");
7416 _finger = _verification_bm->startWord();
7417 assert(_collector->_restart_addr == NULL, "Sanity check");
7418 assert(_span.contains(_finger), "Out of bounds _finger?");
7419 }
7420
7421 void MarkFromRootsVerifyClosure::reset(HeapWord* addr) {
7422 assert(_mark_stack->isEmpty(), "would cause duplicates on stack");
7423 assert(_span.contains(addr), "Out of bounds _finger?");
7424 _finger = addr;
7425 }
7426
7427 // Should revisit to see if this should be restructured for
7428 // greater efficiency.
7429 bool MarkFromRootsVerifyClosure::do_bit(size_t offset) {
7430 // convert offset into a HeapWord*
7431 HeapWord* addr = _verification_bm->startWord() + offset;
7432 assert(_verification_bm->endWord() && addr < _verification_bm->endWord(),
7433 "address out of range");
7434 assert(_verification_bm->isMarked(addr), "tautology");
7435 assert(_cms_bm->isMarked(addr), "tautology");
7436
7437 assert(_mark_stack->isEmpty(),
7438 "should drain stack to limit stack usage");
7439 // convert addr to an oop preparatory to scanning
7440 oop obj = oop(addr);
7441 assert(obj->is_oop(), "should be an oop");
7442 assert(_finger <= addr, "_finger runneth ahead");
7443 // advance the finger to right end of this object
7444 _finger = addr + obj->size();
7445 assert(_finger > addr, "we just incremented it above");
7446 // Note: the finger doesn't advance while we drain
7447 // the stack below.
7448 bool res = _mark_stack->push(obj);
7449 assert(res, "Empty non-zero size stack should have space for single push");
7450 while (!_mark_stack->isEmpty()) {
7451 oop new_oop = _mark_stack->pop();
7452 assert(new_oop->is_oop(), "Oops! expected to pop an oop");
7453 // now scan this oop's oops
7454 new_oop->oop_iterate(&_pam_verify_closure);
7455 }
7456 assert(_mark_stack->isEmpty(), "tautology, emphasizing post-condition");
7457 return true;
7458 }
7459
7460 PushAndMarkVerifyClosure::PushAndMarkVerifyClosure(
7461 CMSCollector* collector, MemRegion span,
7462 CMSBitMap* verification_bm, CMSBitMap* cms_bm,
7463 CMSMarkStack* mark_stack):
7464 CMSOopClosure(collector->ref_processor()),
7465 _collector(collector),
7466 _span(span),
7467 _verification_bm(verification_bm),
7468 _cms_bm(cms_bm),
7469 _mark_stack(mark_stack)
7470 { }
7471
7472 void PushAndMarkVerifyClosure::do_oop(oop* p) { PushAndMarkVerifyClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
7473 void PushAndMarkVerifyClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { PushAndMarkVerifyClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
7474
7475 // Upon stack overflow, we discard (part of) the stack,
7476 // remembering the least address amongst those discarded
7477 // in CMSCollector's _restart_address.
7478 void PushAndMarkVerifyClosure::handle_stack_overflow(HeapWord* lost) {
7479 // Remember the least grey address discarded
7480 HeapWord* ra = (HeapWord*)_mark_stack->least_value(lost);
7481 _collector->lower_restart_addr(ra);
7482 _mark_stack->reset(); // discard stack contents
7483 _mark_stack->expand(); // expand the stack if possible
7484 }
7485
7486 void PushAndMarkVerifyClosure::do_oop(oop obj) {
7487 assert(obj->is_oop_or_null(), "expected an oop or NULL");
7488 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)obj;
7489 if (_span.contains(addr) && !_verification_bm->isMarked(addr)) {
7490 // Oop lies in _span and isn't yet grey or black
7491 _verification_bm->mark(addr); // now grey
7492 if (!_cms_bm->isMarked(addr)) {
7493 oop(addr)->print();
7494 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" (" INTPTR_FORMAT " should have been marked)",
7495 addr);
7496 fatal("... aborting");
7497 }
7498
7499 if (!_mark_stack->push(obj)) { // stack overflow
7500 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
7501 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("CMS marking stack overflow (benign) at "
7502 SIZE_FORMAT, _mark_stack->capacity());
7503 }
7504 assert(_mark_stack->isFull(), "Else push should have succeeded");
7505 handle_stack_overflow(addr);
7506 }
7507 // anything including and to the right of _finger
7508 // will be scanned as we iterate over the remainder of the
7509 // bit map
7510 }
7511 }
7512
7513 PushOrMarkClosure::PushOrMarkClosure(CMSCollector* collector,
7514 MemRegion span,
7515 CMSBitMap* bitMap, CMSMarkStack* markStack,
7516 HeapWord* finger, MarkFromRootsClosure* parent) :
7517 CMSOopClosure(collector->ref_processor()),
7518 _collector(collector),
7519 _span(span),
7520 _bitMap(bitMap),
7521 _markStack(markStack),
7522 _finger(finger),
7523 _parent(parent)
7524 { }
7525
7526 Par_PushOrMarkClosure::Par_PushOrMarkClosure(CMSCollector* collector,
7527 MemRegion span,
7528 CMSBitMap* bit_map,
7529 OopTaskQueue* work_queue,
7530 CMSMarkStack* overflow_stack,
7531 HeapWord* finger,
7532 HeapWord** global_finger_addr,
7533 Par_MarkFromRootsClosure* parent) :
7534 CMSOopClosure(collector->ref_processor()),
7535 _collector(collector),
7536 _whole_span(collector->_span),
7537 _span(span),
7538 _bit_map(bit_map),
7539 _work_queue(work_queue),
7540 _overflow_stack(overflow_stack),
7541 _finger(finger),
7542 _global_finger_addr(global_finger_addr),
7543 _parent(parent)
7544 { }
7545
7546 // Assumes thread-safe access by callers, who are
7547 // responsible for mutual exclusion.
7548 void CMSCollector::lower_restart_addr(HeapWord* low) {
7549 assert(_span.contains(low), "Out of bounds addr");
7550 if (_restart_addr == NULL) {
7551 _restart_addr = low;
7552 } else {
7553 _restart_addr = MIN2(_restart_addr, low);
7554 }
7555 }
7556
7557 // Upon stack overflow, we discard (part of) the stack,
7558 // remembering the least address amongst those discarded
7559 // in CMSCollector's _restart_address.
7560 void PushOrMarkClosure::handle_stack_overflow(HeapWord* lost) {
7561 // Remember the least grey address discarded
7562 HeapWord* ra = (HeapWord*)_markStack->least_value(lost);
7563 _collector->lower_restart_addr(ra);
7564 _markStack->reset(); // discard stack contents
7565 _markStack->expand(); // expand the stack if possible
7566 }
7567
7568 // Upon stack overflow, we discard (part of) the stack,
7569 // remembering the least address amongst those discarded
7570 // in CMSCollector's _restart_address.
7571 void Par_PushOrMarkClosure::handle_stack_overflow(HeapWord* lost) {
7572 // We need to do this under a mutex to prevent other
7573 // workers from interfering with the work done below.
7574 MutexLockerEx ml(_overflow_stack->par_lock(),
7575 Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
7576 // Remember the least grey address discarded
7577 HeapWord* ra = (HeapWord*)_overflow_stack->least_value(lost);
7578 _collector->lower_restart_addr(ra);
7579 _overflow_stack->reset(); // discard stack contents
7580 _overflow_stack->expand(); // expand the stack if possible
7581 }
7582
7583 void CMKlassClosure::do_klass(Klass* k) {
7584 assert(_oop_closure != NULL, "Not initialized?");
7585 k->oops_do(_oop_closure);
7586 }
7587
7588 void PushOrMarkClosure::do_oop(oop obj) {
7589 // Ignore mark word because we are running concurrent with mutators.
7590 assert(obj->is_oop_or_null(true), "expected an oop or NULL");
7591 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)obj;
7592 if (_span.contains(addr) && !_bitMap->isMarked(addr)) {
7593 // Oop lies in _span and isn't yet grey or black
7594 _bitMap->mark(addr); // now grey
7595 if (addr < _finger) {
7596 // the bit map iteration has already either passed, or
7597 // sampled, this bit in the bit map; we'll need to
7598 // use the marking stack to scan this oop's oops.
7599 bool simulate_overflow = false;
7600 NOT_PRODUCT(
7601 if (CMSMarkStackOverflowALot &&
7602 _collector->simulate_overflow()) {
7603 // simulate a stack overflow
7604 simulate_overflow = true;
7605 }
7606 )
7607 if (simulate_overflow || !_markStack->push(obj)) { // stack overflow
7608 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
7609 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("CMS marking stack overflow (benign) at "
7610 SIZE_FORMAT, _markStack->capacity());
7611 }
7612 assert(simulate_overflow || _markStack->isFull(), "Else push should have succeeded");
7613 handle_stack_overflow(addr);
7614 }
7615 }
7616 // anything including and to the right of _finger
7617 // will be scanned as we iterate over the remainder of the
7618 // bit map
7619 do_yield_check();
7620 }
7621 }
7622
7623 void PushOrMarkClosure::do_oop(oop* p) { PushOrMarkClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
7624 void PushOrMarkClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { PushOrMarkClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
7625
7626 void Par_PushOrMarkClosure::do_oop(oop obj) {
7627 // Ignore mark word because we are running concurrent with mutators.
7628 assert(obj->is_oop_or_null(true), "expected an oop or NULL");
7629 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)obj;
7630 if (_whole_span.contains(addr) && !_bit_map->isMarked(addr)) {
7631 // Oop lies in _span and isn't yet grey or black
7632 // We read the global_finger (volatile read) strictly after marking oop
7633 bool res = _bit_map->par_mark(addr); // now grey
7634 volatile HeapWord** gfa = (volatile HeapWord**)_global_finger_addr;
7635 // Should we push this marked oop on our stack?
7636 // -- if someone else marked it, nothing to do
7637 // -- if target oop is above global finger nothing to do
7638 // -- if target oop is in chunk and above local finger
7639 // then nothing to do
7640 // -- else push on work queue
7641 if ( !res // someone else marked it, they will deal with it
7642 || (addr >= *gfa) // will be scanned in a later task
7643 || (_span.contains(addr) && addr >= _finger)) { // later in this chunk
7644 return;
7645 }
7646 // the bit map iteration has already either passed, or
7647 // sampled, this bit in the bit map; we'll need to
7648 // use the marking stack to scan this oop's oops.
7649 bool simulate_overflow = false;
7650 NOT_PRODUCT(
7651 if (CMSMarkStackOverflowALot &&
7652 _collector->simulate_overflow()) {
7653 // simulate a stack overflow
7654 simulate_overflow = true;
7655 }
7656 )
7657 if (simulate_overflow ||
7658 !(_work_queue->push(obj) || _overflow_stack->par_push(obj))) {
7659 // stack overflow
7660 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
7661 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("CMS marking stack overflow (benign) at "
7662 SIZE_FORMAT, _overflow_stack->capacity());
7663 }
7664 // We cannot assert that the overflow stack is full because
7665 // it may have been emptied since.
7666 assert(simulate_overflow ||
7667 _work_queue->size() == _work_queue->max_elems(),
7668 "Else push should have succeeded");
7669 handle_stack_overflow(addr);
7670 }
7671 do_yield_check();
7672 }
7673 }
7674
7675 void Par_PushOrMarkClosure::do_oop(oop* p) { Par_PushOrMarkClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
7676 void Par_PushOrMarkClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { Par_PushOrMarkClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
7677
7678 PushAndMarkClosure::PushAndMarkClosure(CMSCollector* collector,
7679 MemRegion span,
7680 ReferenceProcessor* rp,
7681 CMSBitMap* bit_map,
7682 CMSBitMap* mod_union_table,
7683 CMSMarkStack* mark_stack,
7684 bool concurrent_precleaning):
7685 CMSOopClosure(rp),
7686 _collector(collector),
7687 _span(span),
7688 _bit_map(bit_map),
7689 _mod_union_table(mod_union_table),
7690 _mark_stack(mark_stack),
7691 _concurrent_precleaning(concurrent_precleaning)
7692 {
7693 assert(_ref_processor != NULL, "_ref_processor shouldn't be NULL");
7694 }
7695
7696 // Grey object rescan during pre-cleaning and second checkpoint phases --
7697 // the non-parallel version (the parallel version appears further below.)
7698 void PushAndMarkClosure::do_oop(oop obj) {
7699 // Ignore mark word verification. If during concurrent precleaning,
7700 // the object monitor may be locked. If during the checkpoint
7701 // phases, the object may already have been reached by a different
7702 // path and may be at the end of the global overflow list (so
7703 // the mark word may be NULL).
7704 assert(obj->is_oop_or_null(true /* ignore mark word */),
7705 "expected an oop or NULL");
7706 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)obj;
7707 // Check if oop points into the CMS generation
7708 // and is not marked
7709 if (_span.contains(addr) && !_bit_map->isMarked(addr)) {
7710 // a white object ...
7711 _bit_map->mark(addr); // ... now grey
7712 // push on the marking stack (grey set)
7713 bool simulate_overflow = false;
7714 NOT_PRODUCT(
7715 if (CMSMarkStackOverflowALot &&
7716 _collector->simulate_overflow()) {
7717 // simulate a stack overflow
7718 simulate_overflow = true;
7719 }
7720 )
7721 if (simulate_overflow || !_mark_stack->push(obj)) {
7722 if (_concurrent_precleaning) {
7723 // During precleaning we can just dirty the appropriate card(s)
7724 // in the mod union table, thus ensuring that the object remains
7725 // in the grey set and continue. In the case of object arrays
7726 // we need to dirty all of the cards that the object spans,
7727 // since the rescan of object arrays will be limited to the
7728 // dirty cards.
7729 // Note that no one can be intefering with us in this action
7730 // of dirtying the mod union table, so no locking or atomics
7731 // are required.
7732 if (obj->is_objArray()) {
7733 size_t sz = obj->size();
7734 HeapWord* end_card_addr = (HeapWord*)round_to(
7735 (intptr_t)(addr+sz), CardTableModRefBS::card_size);
7736 MemRegion redirty_range = MemRegion(addr, end_card_addr);
7737 assert(!redirty_range.is_empty(), "Arithmetical tautology");
7738 _mod_union_table->mark_range(redirty_range);
7739 } else {
7740 _mod_union_table->mark(addr);
7741 }
7742 _collector->_ser_pmc_preclean_ovflw++;
7743 } else {
7744 // During the remark phase, we need to remember this oop
7745 // in the overflow list.
7746 _collector->push_on_overflow_list(obj);
7747 _collector->_ser_pmc_remark_ovflw++;
7748 }
7749 }
7750 }
7751 }
7752
7753 Par_PushAndMarkClosure::Par_PushAndMarkClosure(CMSCollector* collector,
7754 MemRegion span,
7755 ReferenceProcessor* rp,
7756 CMSBitMap* bit_map,
7757 OopTaskQueue* work_queue):
7758 CMSOopClosure(rp),
7759 _collector(collector),
7760 _span(span),
7761 _bit_map(bit_map),
7762 _work_queue(work_queue)
7763 {
7764 assert(_ref_processor != NULL, "_ref_processor shouldn't be NULL");
7765 }
7766
7767 void PushAndMarkClosure::do_oop(oop* p) { PushAndMarkClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
7768 void PushAndMarkClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { PushAndMarkClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
7769
7770 // Grey object rescan during second checkpoint phase --
7771 // the parallel version.
7772 void Par_PushAndMarkClosure::do_oop(oop obj) {
7773 // In the assert below, we ignore the mark word because
7774 // this oop may point to an already visited object that is
7775 // on the overflow stack (in which case the mark word has
7776 // been hijacked for chaining into the overflow stack --
7777 // if this is the last object in the overflow stack then
7778 // its mark word will be NULL). Because this object may
7779 // have been subsequently popped off the global overflow
7780 // stack, and the mark word possibly restored to the prototypical
7781 // value, by the time we get to examined this failing assert in
7782 // the debugger, is_oop_or_null(false) may subsequently start
7783 // to hold.
7784 assert(obj->is_oop_or_null(true),
7785 "expected an oop or NULL");
7786 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)obj;
7787 // Check if oop points into the CMS generation
7788 // and is not marked
7789 if (_span.contains(addr) && !_bit_map->isMarked(addr)) {
7790 // a white object ...
7791 // If we manage to "claim" the object, by being the
7792 // first thread to mark it, then we push it on our
7793 // marking stack
7794 if (_bit_map->par_mark(addr)) { // ... now grey
7795 // push on work queue (grey set)
7796 bool simulate_overflow = false;
7797 NOT_PRODUCT(
7798 if (CMSMarkStackOverflowALot &&
7799 _collector->par_simulate_overflow()) {
7800 // simulate a stack overflow
7801 simulate_overflow = true;
7802 }
7803 )
7804 if (simulate_overflow || !_work_queue->push(obj)) {
7805 _collector->par_push_on_overflow_list(obj);
7806 _collector->_par_pmc_remark_ovflw++; // imprecise OK: no need to CAS
7807 }
7808 } // Else, some other thread got there first
7809 }
7810 }
7811
7812 void Par_PushAndMarkClosure::do_oop(oop* p) { Par_PushAndMarkClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
7813 void Par_PushAndMarkClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { Par_PushAndMarkClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
7814
7815 void CMSPrecleanRefsYieldClosure::do_yield_work() {
7816 Mutex* bml = _collector->bitMapLock();
7817 assert_lock_strong(bml);
7818 assert(ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token(),
7819 "CMS thread should hold CMS token");
7820
7821 bml->unlock();
7822 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::desynchronize(true);
7823
7824 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
7825
7826 _collector->stopTimer();
7827 GCPauseTimer p(_collector->size_policy()->concurrent_timer_ptr());
7828 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
7829 _collector->incrementYields();
7830 }
7831 _collector->icms_wait();
7832
7833 // See the comment in coordinator_yield()
7834 for (unsigned i = 0; i < CMSYieldSleepCount &&
7835 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::should_yield() &&
7836 !CMSCollector::foregroundGCIsActive(); ++i) {
7837 os::sleep(Thread::current(), 1, false);
7838 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
7839 }
7840
7841 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::synchronize(true);
7842 bml->lock();
7843
7844 _collector->startTimer();
7845 }
7846
7847 bool CMSPrecleanRefsYieldClosure::should_return() {
7848 if (ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::should_yield()) {
7849 do_yield_work();
7850 }
7851 return _collector->foregroundGCIsActive();
7852 }
7853
7854 void MarkFromDirtyCardsClosure::do_MemRegion(MemRegion mr) {
7855 assert(((size_t)mr.start())%CardTableModRefBS::card_size_in_words == 0,
7856 "mr should be aligned to start at a card boundary");
7857 // We'd like to assert:
7858 // assert(mr.word_size()%CardTableModRefBS::card_size_in_words == 0,
7859 // "mr should be a range of cards");
7860 // However, that would be too strong in one case -- the last
7861 // partition ends at _unallocated_block which, in general, can be
7862 // an arbitrary boundary, not necessarily card aligned.
7863 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
7864 _num_dirty_cards +=
7865 mr.word_size()/CardTableModRefBS::card_size_in_words;
7866 }
7867 _space->object_iterate_mem(mr, &_scan_cl);
7868 }
7869
7870 SweepClosure::SweepClosure(CMSCollector* collector,
7871 ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration* g,
7872 CMSBitMap* bitMap, bool should_yield) :
7873 _collector(collector),
7874 _g(g),
7875 _sp(g->cmsSpace()),
7876 _limit(_sp->sweep_limit()),
7877 _freelistLock(_sp->freelistLock()),
7878 _bitMap(bitMap),
7879 _yield(should_yield),
7880 _inFreeRange(false), // No free range at beginning of sweep
7881 _freeRangeInFreeLists(false), // No free range at beginning of sweep
7882 _lastFreeRangeCoalesced(false),
7883 _freeFinger(g->used_region().start())
7884 {
7885 NOT_PRODUCT(
7886 _numObjectsFreed = 0;
7887 _numWordsFreed = 0;
7888 _numObjectsLive = 0;
7889 _numWordsLive = 0;
7890 _numObjectsAlreadyFree = 0;
7891 _numWordsAlreadyFree = 0;
7892 _last_fc = NULL;
7893
7894 _sp->initializeIndexedFreeListArrayReturnedBytes();
7895 _sp->dictionary()->initialize_dict_returned_bytes();
7896 )
7897 assert(_limit >= _sp->bottom() && _limit <= _sp->end(),
7898 "sweep _limit out of bounds");
7899 if (CMSTraceSweeper) {
7900 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("\n====================\nStarting new sweep with limit " PTR_FORMAT,
7901 _limit);
7902 }
7903 }
7904
7905 void SweepClosure::print_on(outputStream* st) const {
7906 tty->print_cr("_sp = [" PTR_FORMAT "," PTR_FORMAT ")",
7907 _sp->bottom(), _sp->end());
7908 tty->print_cr("_limit = " PTR_FORMAT, _limit);
7909 tty->print_cr("_freeFinger = " PTR_FORMAT, _freeFinger);
7910 NOT_PRODUCT(tty->print_cr("_last_fc = " PTR_FORMAT, _last_fc);)
7911 tty->print_cr("_inFreeRange = %d, _freeRangeInFreeLists = %d, _lastFreeRangeCoalesced = %d",
7912 _inFreeRange, _freeRangeInFreeLists, _lastFreeRangeCoalesced);
7913 }
7914
7915 #ifndef PRODUCT
7916 // Assertion checking only: no useful work in product mode --
7917 // however, if any of the flags below become product flags,
7918 // you may need to review this code to see if it needs to be
7919 // enabled in product mode.
7920 SweepClosure::~SweepClosure() {
7921 assert_lock_strong(_freelistLock);
7922 assert(_limit >= _sp->bottom() && _limit <= _sp->end(),
7923 "sweep _limit out of bounds");
7924 if (inFreeRange()) {
7925 warning("inFreeRange() should have been reset; dumping state of SweepClosure");
7926 print();
7927 ShouldNotReachHere();
7928 }
7929 if (Verbose && PrintGC) {
7930 gclog_or_tty->print("Collected "SIZE_FORMAT" objects, " SIZE_FORMAT " bytes",
7931 _numObjectsFreed, _numWordsFreed*sizeof(HeapWord));
7932 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("\nLive "SIZE_FORMAT" objects, "
7933 SIZE_FORMAT" bytes "
7934 "Already free "SIZE_FORMAT" objects, "SIZE_FORMAT" bytes",
7935 _numObjectsLive, _numWordsLive*sizeof(HeapWord),
7936 _numObjectsAlreadyFree, _numWordsAlreadyFree*sizeof(HeapWord));
7937 size_t totalBytes = (_numWordsFreed + _numWordsLive + _numWordsAlreadyFree)
7938 * sizeof(HeapWord);
7939 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Total sweep: "SIZE_FORMAT" bytes", totalBytes);
7940
7941 if (PrintCMSStatistics && CMSVerifyReturnedBytes) {
7942 size_t indexListReturnedBytes = _sp->sumIndexedFreeListArrayReturnedBytes();
7943 size_t dict_returned_bytes = _sp->dictionary()->sum_dict_returned_bytes();
7944 size_t returned_bytes = indexListReturnedBytes + dict_returned_bytes;
7945 gclog_or_tty->print("Returned "SIZE_FORMAT" bytes", returned_bytes);
7946 gclog_or_tty->print(" Indexed List Returned "SIZE_FORMAT" bytes",
7947 indexListReturnedBytes);
7948 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" Dictionary Returned "SIZE_FORMAT" bytes",
7949 dict_returned_bytes);
7950 }
7951 }
7952 if (CMSTraceSweeper) {
7953 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("end of sweep with _limit = " PTR_FORMAT "\n================",
7954 _limit);
7955 }
7956 }
7957 #endif // PRODUCT
7958
7959 void SweepClosure::initialize_free_range(HeapWord* freeFinger,
7960 bool freeRangeInFreeLists) {
7961 if (CMSTraceSweeper) {
7962 gclog_or_tty->print("---- Start free range at 0x%x with free block (%d)\n",
7963 freeFinger, freeRangeInFreeLists);
7964 }
7965 assert(!inFreeRange(), "Trampling existing free range");
7966 set_inFreeRange(true);
7967 set_lastFreeRangeCoalesced(false);
7968
7969 set_freeFinger(freeFinger);
7970 set_freeRangeInFreeLists(freeRangeInFreeLists);
7971 if (CMSTestInFreeList) {
7972 if (freeRangeInFreeLists) {
7973 FreeChunk* fc = (FreeChunk*) freeFinger;
7974 assert(fc->is_free(), "A chunk on the free list should be free.");
7975 assert(fc->size() > 0, "Free range should have a size");
7976 assert(_sp->verify_chunk_in_free_list(fc), "Chunk is not in free lists");
7977 }
7978 }
7979 }
7980
7981 // Note that the sweeper runs concurrently with mutators. Thus,
7982 // it is possible for direct allocation in this generation to happen
7983 // in the middle of the sweep. Note that the sweeper also coalesces
7984 // contiguous free blocks. Thus, unless the sweeper and the allocator
7985 // synchronize appropriately freshly allocated blocks may get swept up.
7986 // This is accomplished by the sweeper locking the free lists while
7987 // it is sweeping. Thus blocks that are determined to be free are
7988 // indeed free. There is however one additional complication:
7989 // blocks that have been allocated since the final checkpoint and
7990 // mark, will not have been marked and so would be treated as
7991 // unreachable and swept up. To prevent this, the allocator marks
7992 // the bit map when allocating during the sweep phase. This leads,
7993 // however, to a further complication -- objects may have been allocated
7994 // but not yet initialized -- in the sense that the header isn't yet
7995 // installed. The sweeper can not then determine the size of the block
7996 // in order to skip over it. To deal with this case, we use a technique
7997 // (due to Printezis) to encode such uninitialized block sizes in the
7998 // bit map. Since the bit map uses a bit per every HeapWord, but the
7999 // CMS generation has a minimum object size of 3 HeapWords, it follows
8000 // that "normal marks" won't be adjacent in the bit map (there will
8001 // always be at least two 0 bits between successive 1 bits). We make use
8002 // of these "unused" bits to represent uninitialized blocks -- the bit
8003 // corresponding to the start of the uninitialized object and the next
8004 // bit are both set. Finally, a 1 bit marks the end of the object that
8005 // started with the two consecutive 1 bits to indicate its potentially
8006 // uninitialized state.
8007
8008 size_t SweepClosure::do_blk_careful(HeapWord* addr) {
8009 FreeChunk* fc = (FreeChunk*)addr;
8010 size_t res;
8011
8012 // Check if we are done sweeping. Below we check "addr >= _limit" rather
8013 // than "addr == _limit" because although _limit was a block boundary when
8014 // we started the sweep, it may no longer be one because heap expansion
8015 // may have caused us to coalesce the block ending at the address _limit
8016 // with a newly expanded chunk (this happens when _limit was set to the
8017 // previous _end of the space), so we may have stepped past _limit:
8018 // see the following Zeno-like trail of CRs 6977970, 7008136, 7042740.
8019 if (addr >= _limit) { // we have swept up to or past the limit: finish up
8020 assert(_limit >= _sp->bottom() && _limit <= _sp->end(),
8021 "sweep _limit out of bounds");
8022 assert(addr < _sp->end(), "addr out of bounds");
8023 // Flush any free range we might be holding as a single
8024 // coalesced chunk to the appropriate free list.
8025 if (inFreeRange()) {
8026 assert(freeFinger() >= _sp->bottom() && freeFinger() < _limit,
8027 err_msg("freeFinger() " PTR_FORMAT" is out-of-bounds", freeFinger()));
8028 flush_cur_free_chunk(freeFinger(),
8029 pointer_delta(addr, freeFinger()));
8030 if (CMSTraceSweeper) {
8031 gclog_or_tty->print("Sweep: last chunk: ");
8032 gclog_or_tty->print("put_free_blk 0x%x ("SIZE_FORMAT") "
8033 "[coalesced:"SIZE_FORMAT"]\n",
8034 freeFinger(), pointer_delta(addr, freeFinger()),
8035 lastFreeRangeCoalesced());
8036 }
8037 }
8038
8039 // help the iterator loop finish
8040 return pointer_delta(_sp->end(), addr);
8041 }
8042
8043 assert(addr < _limit, "sweep invariant");
8044 // check if we should yield
8045 do_yield_check(addr);
8046 if (fc->is_free()) {
8047 // Chunk that is already free
8048 res = fc->size();
8049 do_already_free_chunk(fc);
8050 debug_only(_sp->verifyFreeLists());
8051 // If we flush the chunk at hand in lookahead_and_flush()
8052 // and it's coalesced with a preceding chunk, then the
8053 // process of "mangling" the payload of the coalesced block
8054 // will cause erasure of the size information from the
8055 // (erstwhile) header of all the coalesced blocks but the
8056 // first, so the first disjunct in the assert will not hold
8057 // in that specific case (in which case the second disjunct
8058 // will hold).
8059 assert(res == fc->size() || ((HeapWord*)fc) + res >= _limit,
8060 "Otherwise the size info doesn't change at this step");
8061 NOT_PRODUCT(
8062 _numObjectsAlreadyFree++;
8063 _numWordsAlreadyFree += res;
8064 )
8065 NOT_PRODUCT(_last_fc = fc;)
8066 } else if (!_bitMap->isMarked(addr)) {
8067 // Chunk is fresh garbage
8068 res = do_garbage_chunk(fc);
8069 debug_only(_sp->verifyFreeLists());
8070 NOT_PRODUCT(
8071 _numObjectsFreed++;
8072 _numWordsFreed += res;
8073 )
8074 } else {
8075 // Chunk that is alive.
8076 res = do_live_chunk(fc);
8077 debug_only(_sp->verifyFreeLists());
8078 NOT_PRODUCT(
8079 _numObjectsLive++;
8080 _numWordsLive += res;
8081 )
8082 }
8083 return res;
8084 }
8085
8086 // For the smart allocation, record following
8087 // split deaths - a free chunk is removed from its free list because
8088 // it is being split into two or more chunks.
8089 // split birth - a free chunk is being added to its free list because
8090 // a larger free chunk has been split and resulted in this free chunk.
8091 // coal death - a free chunk is being removed from its free list because
8092 // it is being coalesced into a large free chunk.
8093 // coal birth - a free chunk is being added to its free list because
8094 // it was created when two or more free chunks where coalesced into
8095 // this free chunk.
8096 //
8097 // These statistics are used to determine the desired number of free
8098 // chunks of a given size. The desired number is chosen to be relative
8099 // to the end of a CMS sweep. The desired number at the end of a sweep
8100 // is the
8101 // count-at-end-of-previous-sweep (an amount that was enough)
8102 // - count-at-beginning-of-current-sweep (the excess)
8103 // + split-births (gains in this size during interval)
8104 // - split-deaths (demands on this size during interval)
8105 // where the interval is from the end of one sweep to the end of the
8106 // next.
8107 //
8108 // When sweeping the sweeper maintains an accumulated chunk which is
8109 // the chunk that is made up of chunks that have been coalesced. That
8110 // will be termed the left-hand chunk. A new chunk of garbage that
8111 // is being considered for coalescing will be referred to as the
8112 // right-hand chunk.
8113 //
8114 // When making a decision on whether to coalesce a right-hand chunk with
8115 // the current left-hand chunk, the current count vs. the desired count
8116 // of the left-hand chunk is considered. Also if the right-hand chunk
8117 // is near the large chunk at the end of the heap (see
8118 // ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::isNearLargestChunk()), then the
8119 // left-hand chunk is coalesced.
8120 //
8121 // When making a decision about whether to split a chunk, the desired count
8122 // vs. the current count of the candidate to be split is also considered.
8123 // If the candidate is underpopulated (currently fewer chunks than desired)
8124 // a chunk of an overpopulated (currently more chunks than desired) size may
8125 // be chosen. The "hint" associated with a free list, if non-null, points
8126 // to a free list which may be overpopulated.
8127 //
8128
8129 void SweepClosure::do_already_free_chunk(FreeChunk* fc) {
8130 const size_t size = fc->size();
8131 // Chunks that cannot be coalesced are not in the
8132 // free lists.
8133 if (CMSTestInFreeList && !fc->cantCoalesce()) {
8134 assert(_sp->verify_chunk_in_free_list(fc),
8135 "free chunk should be in free lists");
8136 }
8137 // a chunk that is already free, should not have been
8138 // marked in the bit map
8139 HeapWord* const addr = (HeapWord*) fc;
8140 assert(!_bitMap->isMarked(addr), "free chunk should be unmarked");
8141 // Verify that the bit map has no bits marked between
8142 // addr and purported end of this block.
8143 _bitMap->verifyNoOneBitsInRange(addr + 1, addr + size);
8144
8145 // Some chunks cannot be coalesced under any circumstances.
8146 // See the definition of cantCoalesce().
8147 if (!fc->cantCoalesce()) {
8148 // This chunk can potentially be coalesced.
8149 if (_sp->adaptive_freelists()) {
8150 // All the work is done in
8151 do_post_free_or_garbage_chunk(fc, size);
8152 } else { // Not adaptive free lists
8153 // this is a free chunk that can potentially be coalesced by the sweeper;
8154 if (!inFreeRange()) {
8155 // if the next chunk is a free block that can't be coalesced
8156 // it doesn't make sense to remove this chunk from the free lists
8157 FreeChunk* nextChunk = (FreeChunk*)(addr + size);
8158 assert((HeapWord*)nextChunk <= _sp->end(), "Chunk size out of bounds?");
8159 if ((HeapWord*)nextChunk < _sp->end() && // There is another free chunk to the right ...
8160 nextChunk->is_free() && // ... which is free...
8161 nextChunk->cantCoalesce()) { // ... but can't be coalesced
8162 // nothing to do
8163 } else {
8164 // Potentially the start of a new free range:
8165 // Don't eagerly remove it from the free lists.
8166 // No need to remove it if it will just be put
8167 // back again. (Also from a pragmatic point of view
8168 // if it is a free block in a region that is beyond
8169 // any allocated blocks, an assertion will fail)
8170 // Remember the start of a free run.
8171 initialize_free_range(addr, true);
8172 // end - can coalesce with next chunk
8173 }
8174 } else {
8175 // the midst of a free range, we are coalescing
8176 print_free_block_coalesced(fc);
8177 if (CMSTraceSweeper) {
8178 gclog_or_tty->print(" -- pick up free block 0x%x (%d)\n", fc, size);
8179 }
8180 // remove it from the free lists
8181 _sp->removeFreeChunkFromFreeLists(fc);
8182 set_lastFreeRangeCoalesced(true);
8183 // If the chunk is being coalesced and the current free range is
8184 // in the free lists, remove the current free range so that it
8185 // will be returned to the free lists in its entirety - all
8186 // the coalesced pieces included.
8187 if (freeRangeInFreeLists()) {
8188 FreeChunk* ffc = (FreeChunk*) freeFinger();
8189 assert(ffc->size() == pointer_delta(addr, freeFinger()),
8190 "Size of free range is inconsistent with chunk size.");
8191 if (CMSTestInFreeList) {
8192 assert(_sp->verify_chunk_in_free_list(ffc),
8193 "free range is not in free lists");
8194 }
8195 _sp->removeFreeChunkFromFreeLists(ffc);
8196 set_freeRangeInFreeLists(false);
8197 }
8198 }
8199 }
8200 // Note that if the chunk is not coalescable (the else arm
8201 // below), we unconditionally flush, without needing to do
8202 // a "lookahead," as we do below.
8203 if (inFreeRange()) lookahead_and_flush(fc, size);
8204 } else {
8205 // Code path common to both original and adaptive free lists.
8206
8207 // cant coalesce with previous block; this should be treated
8208 // as the end of a free run if any
8209 if (inFreeRange()) {
8210 // we kicked some butt; time to pick up the garbage
8211 assert(freeFinger() < addr, "freeFinger points too high");
8212 flush_cur_free_chunk(freeFinger(), pointer_delta(addr, freeFinger()));
8213 }
8214 // else, nothing to do, just continue
8215 }
8216 }
8217
8218 size_t SweepClosure::do_garbage_chunk(FreeChunk* fc) {
8219 // This is a chunk of garbage. It is not in any free list.
8220 // Add it to a free list or let it possibly be coalesced into
8221 // a larger chunk.
8222 HeapWord* const addr = (HeapWord*) fc;
8223 const size_t size = CompactibleFreeListSpace::adjustObjectSize(oop(addr)->size());
8224
8225 if (_sp->adaptive_freelists()) {
8226 // Verify that the bit map has no bits marked between
8227 // addr and purported end of just dead object.
8228 _bitMap->verifyNoOneBitsInRange(addr + 1, addr + size);
8229
8230 do_post_free_or_garbage_chunk(fc, size);
8231 } else {
8232 if (!inFreeRange()) {
8233 // start of a new free range
8234 assert(size > 0, "A free range should have a size");
8235 initialize_free_range(addr, false);
8236 } else {
8237 // this will be swept up when we hit the end of the
8238 // free range
8239 if (CMSTraceSweeper) {
8240 gclog_or_tty->print(" -- pick up garbage 0x%x (%d) \n", fc, size);
8241 }
8242 // If the chunk is being coalesced and the current free range is
8243 // in the free lists, remove the current free range so that it
8244 // will be returned to the free lists in its entirety - all
8245 // the coalesced pieces included.
8246 if (freeRangeInFreeLists()) {
8247 FreeChunk* ffc = (FreeChunk*)freeFinger();
8248 assert(ffc->size() == pointer_delta(addr, freeFinger()),
8249 "Size of free range is inconsistent with chunk size.");
8250 if (CMSTestInFreeList) {
8251 assert(_sp->verify_chunk_in_free_list(ffc),
8252 "free range is not in free lists");
8253 }
8254 _sp->removeFreeChunkFromFreeLists(ffc);
8255 set_freeRangeInFreeLists(false);
8256 }
8257 set_lastFreeRangeCoalesced(true);
8258 }
8259 // this will be swept up when we hit the end of the free range
8260
8261 // Verify that the bit map has no bits marked between
8262 // addr and purported end of just dead object.
8263 _bitMap->verifyNoOneBitsInRange(addr + 1, addr + size);
8264 }
8265 assert(_limit >= addr + size,
8266 "A freshly garbage chunk can't possibly straddle over _limit");
8267 if (inFreeRange()) lookahead_and_flush(fc, size);
8268 return size;
8269 }
8270
8271 size_t SweepClosure::do_live_chunk(FreeChunk* fc) {
8272 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*) fc;
8273 // The sweeper has just found a live object. Return any accumulated
8274 // left hand chunk to the free lists.
8275 if (inFreeRange()) {
8276 assert(freeFinger() < addr, "freeFinger points too high");
8277 flush_cur_free_chunk(freeFinger(), pointer_delta(addr, freeFinger()));
8278 }
8279
8280 // This object is live: we'd normally expect this to be
8281 // an oop, and like to assert the following:
8282 // assert(oop(addr)->is_oop(), "live block should be an oop");
8283 // However, as we commented above, this may be an object whose
8284 // header hasn't yet been initialized.
8285 size_t size;
8286 assert(_bitMap->isMarked(addr), "Tautology for this control point");
8287 if (_bitMap->isMarked(addr + 1)) {
8288 // Determine the size from the bit map, rather than trying to
8289 // compute it from the object header.
8290 HeapWord* nextOneAddr = _bitMap->getNextMarkedWordAddress(addr + 2);
8291 size = pointer_delta(nextOneAddr + 1, addr);
8292 assert(size == CompactibleFreeListSpace::adjustObjectSize(size),
8293 "alignment problem");
8294
8295 #ifdef ASSERT
8296 if (oop(addr)->klass_or_null() != NULL) {
8297 // Ignore mark word because we are running concurrent with mutators
8298 assert(oop(addr)->is_oop(true), "live block should be an oop");
8299 assert(size ==
8300 CompactibleFreeListSpace::adjustObjectSize(oop(addr)->size()),
8301 "P-mark and computed size do not agree");
8302 }
8303 #endif
8304
8305 } else {
8306 // This should be an initialized object that's alive.
8307 assert(oop(addr)->klass_or_null() != NULL,
8308 "Should be an initialized object");
8309 // Ignore mark word because we are running concurrent with mutators
8310 assert(oop(addr)->is_oop(true), "live block should be an oop");
8311 // Verify that the bit map has no bits marked between
8312 // addr and purported end of this block.
8313 size = CompactibleFreeListSpace::adjustObjectSize(oop(addr)->size());
8314 assert(size >= 3, "Necessary for Printezis marks to work");
8315 assert(!_bitMap->isMarked(addr+1), "Tautology for this control point");
8316 DEBUG_ONLY(_bitMap->verifyNoOneBitsInRange(addr+2, addr+size);)
8317 }
8318 return size;
8319 }
8320
8321 void SweepClosure::do_post_free_or_garbage_chunk(FreeChunk* fc,
8322 size_t chunkSize) {
8323 // do_post_free_or_garbage_chunk() should only be called in the case
8324 // of the adaptive free list allocator.
8325 const bool fcInFreeLists = fc->is_free();
8326 assert(_sp->adaptive_freelists(), "Should only be used in this case.");
8327 assert((HeapWord*)fc <= _limit, "sweep invariant");
8328 if (CMSTestInFreeList && fcInFreeLists) {
8329 assert(_sp->verify_chunk_in_free_list(fc), "free chunk is not in free lists");
8330 }
8331
8332 if (CMSTraceSweeper) {
8333 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" -- pick up another chunk at 0x%x (%d)", fc, chunkSize);
8334 }
8335
8336 HeapWord* const fc_addr = (HeapWord*) fc;
8337
8338 bool coalesce;
8339 const size_t left = pointer_delta(fc_addr, freeFinger());
8340 const size_t right = chunkSize;
8341 switch (FLSCoalescePolicy) {
8342 // numeric value forms a coalition aggressiveness metric
8343 case 0: { // never coalesce
8344 coalesce = false;
8345 break;
8346 }
8347 case 1: { // coalesce if left & right chunks on overpopulated lists
8348 coalesce = _sp->coalOverPopulated(left) &&
8349 _sp->coalOverPopulated(right);
8350 break;
8351 }
8352 case 2: { // coalesce if left chunk on overpopulated list (default)
8353 coalesce = _sp->coalOverPopulated(left);
8354 break;
8355 }
8356 case 3: { // coalesce if left OR right chunk on overpopulated list
8357 coalesce = _sp->coalOverPopulated(left) ||
8358 _sp->coalOverPopulated(right);
8359 break;
8360 }
8361 case 4: { // always coalesce
8362 coalesce = true;
8363 break;
8364 }
8365 default:
8366 ShouldNotReachHere();
8367 }
8368
8369 // Should the current free range be coalesced?
8370 // If the chunk is in a free range and either we decided to coalesce above
8371 // or the chunk is near the large block at the end of the heap
8372 // (isNearLargestChunk() returns true), then coalesce this chunk.
8373 const bool doCoalesce = inFreeRange()
8374 && (coalesce || _g->isNearLargestChunk(fc_addr));
8375 if (doCoalesce) {
8376 // Coalesce the current free range on the left with the new
8377 // chunk on the right. If either is on a free list,
8378 // it must be removed from the list and stashed in the closure.
8379 if (freeRangeInFreeLists()) {
8380 FreeChunk* const ffc = (FreeChunk*)freeFinger();
8381 assert(ffc->size() == pointer_delta(fc_addr, freeFinger()),
8382 "Size of free range is inconsistent with chunk size.");
8383 if (CMSTestInFreeList) {
8384 assert(_sp->verify_chunk_in_free_list(ffc),
8385 "Chunk is not in free lists");
8386 }
8387 _sp->coalDeath(ffc->size());
8388 _sp->removeFreeChunkFromFreeLists(ffc);
8389 set_freeRangeInFreeLists(false);
8390 }
8391 if (fcInFreeLists) {
8392 _sp->coalDeath(chunkSize);
8393 assert(fc->size() == chunkSize,
8394 "The chunk has the wrong size or is not in the free lists");
8395 _sp->removeFreeChunkFromFreeLists(fc);
8396 }
8397 set_lastFreeRangeCoalesced(true);
8398 print_free_block_coalesced(fc);
8399 } else { // not in a free range and/or should not coalesce
8400 // Return the current free range and start a new one.
8401 if (inFreeRange()) {
8402 // In a free range but cannot coalesce with the right hand chunk.
8403 // Put the current free range into the free lists.
8404 flush_cur_free_chunk(freeFinger(),
8405 pointer_delta(fc_addr, freeFinger()));
8406 }
8407 // Set up for new free range. Pass along whether the right hand
8408 // chunk is in the free lists.
8409 initialize_free_range((HeapWord*)fc, fcInFreeLists);
8410 }
8411 }
8412
8413 // Lookahead flush:
8414 // If we are tracking a free range, and this is the last chunk that
8415 // we'll look at because its end crosses past _limit, we'll preemptively
8416 // flush it along with any free range we may be holding on to. Note that
8417 // this can be the case only for an already free or freshly garbage
8418 // chunk. If this block is an object, it can never straddle
8419 // over _limit. The "straddling" occurs when _limit is set at
8420 // the previous end of the space when this cycle started, and
8421 // a subsequent heap expansion caused the previously co-terminal
8422 // free block to be coalesced with the newly expanded portion,
8423 // thus rendering _limit a non-block-boundary making it dangerous
8424 // for the sweeper to step over and examine.
8425 void SweepClosure::lookahead_and_flush(FreeChunk* fc, size_t chunk_size) {
8426 assert(inFreeRange(), "Should only be called if currently in a free range.");
8427 HeapWord* const eob = ((HeapWord*)fc) + chunk_size;
8428 assert(_sp->used_region().contains(eob - 1),
8429 err_msg("eob = " PTR_FORMAT " out of bounds wrt _sp = [" PTR_FORMAT "," PTR_FORMAT ")"
8430 " when examining fc = " PTR_FORMAT "(" SIZE_FORMAT ")",
8431 _limit, _sp->bottom(), _sp->end(), fc, chunk_size));
8432 if (eob >= _limit) {
8433 assert(eob == _limit || fc->is_free(), "Only a free chunk should allow us to cross over the limit");
8434 if (CMSTraceSweeper) {
8435 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("_limit " PTR_FORMAT " reached or crossed by block "
8436 "[" PTR_FORMAT "," PTR_FORMAT ") in space "
8437 "[" PTR_FORMAT "," PTR_FORMAT ")",
8438 _limit, fc, eob, _sp->bottom(), _sp->end());
8439 }
8440 // Return the storage we are tracking back into the free lists.
8441 if (CMSTraceSweeper) {
8442 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Flushing ... ");
8443 }
8444 assert(freeFinger() < eob, "Error");
8445 flush_cur_free_chunk( freeFinger(), pointer_delta(eob, freeFinger()));
8446 }
8447 }
8448
8449 void SweepClosure::flush_cur_free_chunk(HeapWord* chunk, size_t size) {
8450 assert(inFreeRange(), "Should only be called if currently in a free range.");
8451 assert(size > 0,
8452 "A zero sized chunk cannot be added to the free lists.");
8453 if (!freeRangeInFreeLists()) {
8454 if (CMSTestInFreeList) {
8455 FreeChunk* fc = (FreeChunk*) chunk;
8456 fc->set_size(size);
8457 assert(!_sp->verify_chunk_in_free_list(fc),
8458 "chunk should not be in free lists yet");
8459 }
8460 if (CMSTraceSweeper) {
8461 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" -- add free block 0x%x (%d) to free lists",
8462 chunk, size);
8463 }
8464 // A new free range is going to be starting. The current
8465 // free range has not been added to the free lists yet or
8466 // was removed so add it back.
8467 // If the current free range was coalesced, then the death
8468 // of the free range was recorded. Record a birth now.
8469 if (lastFreeRangeCoalesced()) {
8470 _sp->coalBirth(size);
8471 }
8472 _sp->addChunkAndRepairOffsetTable(chunk, size,
8473 lastFreeRangeCoalesced());
8474 } else if (CMSTraceSweeper) {
8475 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Already in free list: nothing to flush");
8476 }
8477 set_inFreeRange(false);
8478 set_freeRangeInFreeLists(false);
8479 }
8480
8481 // We take a break if we've been at this for a while,
8482 // so as to avoid monopolizing the locks involved.
8483 void SweepClosure::do_yield_work(HeapWord* addr) {
8484 // Return current free chunk being used for coalescing (if any)
8485 // to the appropriate freelist. After yielding, the next
8486 // free block encountered will start a coalescing range of
8487 // free blocks. If the next free block is adjacent to the
8488 // chunk just flushed, they will need to wait for the next
8489 // sweep to be coalesced.
8490 if (inFreeRange()) {
8491 flush_cur_free_chunk(freeFinger(), pointer_delta(addr, freeFinger()));
8492 }
8493
8494 // First give up the locks, then yield, then re-lock.
8495 // We should probably use a constructor/destructor idiom to
8496 // do this unlock/lock or modify the MutexUnlocker class to
8497 // serve our purpose. XXX
8498 assert_lock_strong(_bitMap->lock());
8499 assert_lock_strong(_freelistLock);
8500 assert(ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::cms_thread_has_cms_token(),
8501 "CMS thread should hold CMS token");
8502 _bitMap->lock()->unlock();
8503 _freelistLock->unlock();
8504 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::desynchronize(true);
8505 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
8506 _collector->stopTimer();
8507 GCPauseTimer p(_collector->size_policy()->concurrent_timer_ptr());
8508 if (PrintCMSStatistics != 0) {
8509 _collector->incrementYields();
8510 }
8511 _collector->icms_wait();
8512
8513 // See the comment in coordinator_yield()
8514 for (unsigned i = 0; i < CMSYieldSleepCount &&
8515 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::should_yield() &&
8516 !CMSCollector::foregroundGCIsActive(); ++i) {
8517 os::sleep(Thread::current(), 1, false);
8518 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::acknowledge_yield_request();
8519 }
8520
8521 ConcurrentMarkSweepThread::synchronize(true);
8522 _freelistLock->lock();
8523 _bitMap->lock()->lock_without_safepoint_check();
8524 _collector->startTimer();
8525 }
8526
8527 #ifndef PRODUCT
8528 // This is actually very useful in a product build if it can
8529 // be called from the debugger. Compile it into the product
8530 // as needed.
8531 bool debug_verify_chunk_in_free_list(FreeChunk* fc) {
8532 return debug_cms_space->verify_chunk_in_free_list(fc);
8533 }
8534 #endif
8535
8536 void SweepClosure::print_free_block_coalesced(FreeChunk* fc) const {
8537 if (CMSTraceSweeper) {
8538 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Sweep:coal_free_blk " PTR_FORMAT " (" SIZE_FORMAT ")",
8539 fc, fc->size());
8540 }
8541 }
8542
8543 // CMSIsAliveClosure
8544 bool CMSIsAliveClosure::do_object_b(oop obj) {
8545 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)obj;
8546 return addr != NULL &&
8547 (!_span.contains(addr) || _bit_map->isMarked(addr));
8548 }
8549
8550
8551 CMSKeepAliveClosure::CMSKeepAliveClosure( CMSCollector* collector,
8552 MemRegion span,
8553 CMSBitMap* bit_map, CMSMarkStack* mark_stack,
8554 bool cpc):
8555 _collector(collector),
8556 _span(span),
8557 _bit_map(bit_map),
8558 _mark_stack(mark_stack),
8559 _concurrent_precleaning(cpc) {
8560 assert(!_span.is_empty(), "Empty span could spell trouble");
8561 }
8562
8563
8564 // CMSKeepAliveClosure: the serial version
8565 void CMSKeepAliveClosure::do_oop(oop obj) {
8566 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)obj;
8567 if (_span.contains(addr) &&
8568 !_bit_map->isMarked(addr)) {
8569 _bit_map->mark(addr);
8570 bool simulate_overflow = false;
8571 NOT_PRODUCT(
8572 if (CMSMarkStackOverflowALot &&
8573 _collector->simulate_overflow()) {
8574 // simulate a stack overflow
8575 simulate_overflow = true;
8576 }
8577 )
8578 if (simulate_overflow || !_mark_stack->push(obj)) {
8579 if (_concurrent_precleaning) {
8580 // We dirty the overflown object and let the remark
8581 // phase deal with it.
8582 assert(_collector->overflow_list_is_empty(), "Error");
8583 // In the case of object arrays, we need to dirty all of
8584 // the cards that the object spans. No locking or atomics
8585 // are needed since no one else can be mutating the mod union
8586 // table.
8587 if (obj->is_objArray()) {
8588 size_t sz = obj->size();
8589 HeapWord* end_card_addr =
8590 (HeapWord*)round_to((intptr_t)(addr+sz), CardTableModRefBS::card_size);
8591 MemRegion redirty_range = MemRegion(addr, end_card_addr);
8592 assert(!redirty_range.is_empty(), "Arithmetical tautology");
8593 _collector->_modUnionTable.mark_range(redirty_range);
8594 } else {
8595 _collector->_modUnionTable.mark(addr);
8596 }
8597 _collector->_ser_kac_preclean_ovflw++;
8598 } else {
8599 _collector->push_on_overflow_list(obj);
8600 _collector->_ser_kac_ovflw++;
8601 }
8602 }
8603 }
8604 }
8605
8606 void CMSKeepAliveClosure::do_oop(oop* p) { CMSKeepAliveClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
8607 void CMSKeepAliveClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { CMSKeepAliveClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
8608
8609 // CMSParKeepAliveClosure: a parallel version of the above.
8610 // The work queues are private to each closure (thread),
8611 // but (may be) available for stealing by other threads.
8612 void CMSParKeepAliveClosure::do_oop(oop obj) {
8613 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)obj;
8614 if (_span.contains(addr) &&
8615 !_bit_map->isMarked(addr)) {
8616 // In general, during recursive tracing, several threads
8617 // may be concurrently getting here; the first one to
8618 // "tag" it, claims it.
8619 if (_bit_map->par_mark(addr)) {
8620 bool res = _work_queue->push(obj);
8621 assert(res, "Low water mark should be much less than capacity");
8622 // Do a recursive trim in the hope that this will keep
8623 // stack usage lower, but leave some oops for potential stealers
8624 trim_queue(_low_water_mark);
8625 } // Else, another thread got there first
8626 }
8627 }
8628
8629 void CMSParKeepAliveClosure::do_oop(oop* p) { CMSParKeepAliveClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
8630 void CMSParKeepAliveClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { CMSParKeepAliveClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
8631
8632 void CMSParKeepAliveClosure::trim_queue(uint max) {
8633 while (_work_queue->size() > max) {
8634 oop new_oop;
8635 if (_work_queue->pop_local(new_oop)) {
8636 assert(new_oop != NULL && new_oop->is_oop(), "Expected an oop");
8637 assert(_bit_map->isMarked((HeapWord*)new_oop),
8638 "no white objects on this stack!");
8639 assert(_span.contains((HeapWord*)new_oop), "Out of bounds oop");
8640 // iterate over the oops in this oop, marking and pushing
8641 // the ones in CMS heap (i.e. in _span).
8642 new_oop->oop_iterate(&_mark_and_push);
8643 }
8644 }
8645 }
8646
8647 CMSInnerParMarkAndPushClosure::CMSInnerParMarkAndPushClosure(
8648 CMSCollector* collector,
8649 MemRegion span, CMSBitMap* bit_map,
8650 OopTaskQueue* work_queue):
8651 _collector(collector),
8652 _span(span),
8653 _bit_map(bit_map),
8654 _work_queue(work_queue) { }
8655
8656 void CMSInnerParMarkAndPushClosure::do_oop(oop obj) {
8657 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)obj;
8658 if (_span.contains(addr) &&
8659 !_bit_map->isMarked(addr)) {
8660 if (_bit_map->par_mark(addr)) {
8661 bool simulate_overflow = false;
8662 NOT_PRODUCT(
8663 if (CMSMarkStackOverflowALot &&
8664 _collector->par_simulate_overflow()) {
8665 // simulate a stack overflow
8666 simulate_overflow = true;
8667 }
8668 )
8669 if (simulate_overflow || !_work_queue->push(obj)) {
8670 _collector->par_push_on_overflow_list(obj);
8671 _collector->_par_kac_ovflw++;
8672 }
8673 } // Else another thread got there already
8674 }
8675 }
8676
8677 void CMSInnerParMarkAndPushClosure::do_oop(oop* p) { CMSInnerParMarkAndPushClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
8678 void CMSInnerParMarkAndPushClosure::do_oop(narrowOop* p) { CMSInnerParMarkAndPushClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
8679
8680 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
8681 // CMSExpansionCause /////////////////////////////
8682 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
8683 const char* CMSExpansionCause::to_string(CMSExpansionCause::Cause cause) {
8684 switch (cause) {
8685 case _no_expansion:
8686 return "No expansion";
8687 case _satisfy_free_ratio:
8688 return "Free ratio";
8689 case _satisfy_promotion:
8690 return "Satisfy promotion";
8691 case _satisfy_allocation:
8692 return "allocation";
8693 case _allocate_par_lab:
8694 return "Par LAB";
8695 case _allocate_par_spooling_space:
8696 return "Par Spooling Space";
8697 case _adaptive_size_policy:
8698 return "Ergonomics";
8699 default:
8700 return "unknown";
8701 }
8702 }
8703
8704 void CMSDrainMarkingStackClosure::do_void() {
8705 // the max number to take from overflow list at a time
8706 const size_t num = _mark_stack->capacity()/4;
8707 assert(!_concurrent_precleaning || _collector->overflow_list_is_empty(),
8708 "Overflow list should be NULL during concurrent phases");
8709 while (!_mark_stack->isEmpty() ||
8710 // if stack is empty, check the overflow list
8711 _collector->take_from_overflow_list(num, _mark_stack)) {
8712 oop obj = _mark_stack->pop();
8713 HeapWord* addr = (HeapWord*)obj;
8714 assert(_span.contains(addr), "Should be within span");
8715 assert(_bit_map->isMarked(addr), "Should be marked");
8716 assert(obj->is_oop(), "Should be an oop");
8717 obj->oop_iterate(_keep_alive);
8718 }
8719 }
8720
8721 void CMSParDrainMarkingStackClosure::do_void() {
8722 // drain queue
8723 trim_queue(0);
8724 }
8725
8726 // Trim our work_queue so its length is below max at return
8727 void CMSParDrainMarkingStackClosure::trim_queue(uint max) {
8728 while (_work_queue->size() > max) {
8729 oop new_oop;
8730 if (_work_queue->pop_local(new_oop)) {
8731 assert(new_oop->is_oop(), "Expected an oop");
8732 assert(_bit_map->isMarked((HeapWord*)new_oop),
8733 "no white objects on this stack!");
8734 assert(_span.contains((HeapWord*)new_oop), "Out of bounds oop");
8735 // iterate over the oops in this oop, marking and pushing
8736 // the ones in CMS heap (i.e. in _span).
8737 new_oop->oop_iterate(&_mark_and_push);
8738 }
8739 }
8740 }
8741
8742 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
8743 // Support for Marking Stack Overflow list handling and related code
8744 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
8745 // Much of the following code is similar in shape and spirit to the
8746 // code used in ParNewGC. We should try and share that code
8747 // as much as possible in the future.
8748
8749 #ifndef PRODUCT
8750 // Debugging support for CMSStackOverflowALot
8751
8752 // It's OK to call this multi-threaded; the worst thing
8753 // that can happen is that we'll get a bunch of closely
8754 // spaced simulated oveflows, but that's OK, in fact
8755 // probably good as it would exercise the overflow code
8756 // under contention.
8757 bool CMSCollector::simulate_overflow() {
8758 if (_overflow_counter-- <= 0) { // just being defensive
8759 _overflow_counter = CMSMarkStackOverflowInterval;
8760 return true;
8761 } else {
8762 return false;
8763 }
8764 }
8765
8766 bool CMSCollector::par_simulate_overflow() {
8767 return simulate_overflow();
8768 }
8769 #endif
8770
8771 // Single-threaded
8772 bool CMSCollector::take_from_overflow_list(size_t num, CMSMarkStack* stack) {
8773 assert(stack->isEmpty(), "Expected precondition");
8774 assert(stack->capacity() > num, "Shouldn't bite more than can chew");
8775 size_t i = num;
8776 oop cur = _overflow_list;
8777 const markOop proto = markOopDesc::prototype();
8778 NOT_PRODUCT(ssize_t n = 0;)
8779 for (oop next; i > 0 && cur != NULL; cur = next, i--) {
8780 next = oop(cur->mark());
8781 cur->set_mark(proto); // until proven otherwise
8782 assert(cur->is_oop(), "Should be an oop");
8783 bool res = stack->push(cur);
8784 assert(res, "Bit off more than can chew?");
8785 NOT_PRODUCT(n++;)
8786 }
8787 _overflow_list = cur;
8788 #ifndef PRODUCT
8789 assert(_num_par_pushes >= n, "Too many pops?");
8790 _num_par_pushes -=n;
8791 #endif
8792 return !stack->isEmpty();
8793 }
8794
8795 #define BUSY (oop(0x1aff1aff))
8796 // (MT-safe) Get a prefix of at most "num" from the list.
8797 // The overflow list is chained through the mark word of
8798 // each object in the list. We fetch the entire list,
8799 // break off a prefix of the right size and return the
8800 // remainder. If other threads try to take objects from
8801 // the overflow list at that time, they will wait for
8802 // some time to see if data becomes available. If (and
8803 // only if) another thread places one or more object(s)
8804 // on the global list before we have returned the suffix
8805 // to the global list, we will walk down our local list
8806 // to find its end and append the global list to
8807 // our suffix before returning it. This suffix walk can
8808 // prove to be expensive (quadratic in the amount of traffic)
8809 // when there are many objects in the overflow list and
8810 // there is much producer-consumer contention on the list.
8811 // *NOTE*: The overflow list manipulation code here and
8812 // in ParNewGeneration:: are very similar in shape,
8813 // except that in the ParNew case we use the old (from/eden)
8814 // copy of the object to thread the list via its klass word.
8815 // Because of the common code, if you make any changes in
8816 // the code below, please check the ParNew version to see if
8817 // similar changes might be needed.
8818 // CR 6797058 has been filed to consolidate the common code.
8819 bool CMSCollector::par_take_from_overflow_list(size_t num,
8820 OopTaskQueue* work_q,
8821 int no_of_gc_threads) {
8822 assert(work_q->size() == 0, "First empty local work queue");
8823 assert(num < work_q->max_elems(), "Can't bite more than we can chew");
8824 if (_overflow_list == NULL) {
8825 return false;
8826 }
8827 // Grab the entire list; we'll put back a suffix
8828 oop prefix = (oop)Atomic::xchg_ptr(BUSY, &_overflow_list);
8829 Thread* tid = Thread::current();
8830 // Before "no_of_gc_threads" was introduced CMSOverflowSpinCount was
8831 // set to ParallelGCThreads.
8832 size_t CMSOverflowSpinCount = (size_t) no_of_gc_threads; // was ParallelGCThreads;
8833 size_t sleep_time_millis = MAX2((size_t)1, num/100);
8834 // If the list is busy, we spin for a short while,
8835 // sleeping between attempts to get the list.
8836 for (size_t spin = 0; prefix == BUSY && spin < CMSOverflowSpinCount; spin++) {
8837 os::sleep(tid, sleep_time_millis, false);
8838 if (_overflow_list == NULL) {
8839 // Nothing left to take
8840 return false;
8841 } else if (_overflow_list != BUSY) {
8842 // Try and grab the prefix
8843 prefix = (oop)Atomic::xchg_ptr(BUSY, &_overflow_list);
8844 }
8845 }
8846 // If the list was found to be empty, or we spun long
8847 // enough, we give up and return empty-handed. If we leave
8848 // the list in the BUSY state below, it must be the case that
8849 // some other thread holds the overflow list and will set it
8850 // to a non-BUSY state in the future.
8851 if (prefix == NULL || prefix == BUSY) {
8852 // Nothing to take or waited long enough
8853 if (prefix == NULL) {
8854 // Write back the NULL in case we overwrote it with BUSY above
8855 // and it is still the same value.
8856 (void) Atomic::cmpxchg_ptr(NULL, &_overflow_list, BUSY);
8857 }
8858 return false;
8859 }
8860 assert(prefix != NULL && prefix != BUSY, "Error");
8861 size_t i = num;
8862 oop cur = prefix;
8863 // Walk down the first "num" objects, unless we reach the end.
8864 for (; i > 1 && cur->mark() != NULL; cur = oop(cur->mark()), i--);
8865 if (cur->mark() == NULL) {
8866 // We have "num" or fewer elements in the list, so there
8867 // is nothing to return to the global list.
8868 // Write back the NULL in lieu of the BUSY we wrote
8869 // above, if it is still the same value.
8870 if (_overflow_list == BUSY) {
8871 (void) Atomic::cmpxchg_ptr(NULL, &_overflow_list, BUSY);
8872 }
8873 } else {
8874 // Chop off the suffix and rerturn it to the global list.
8875 assert(cur->mark() != BUSY, "Error");
8876 oop suffix_head = cur->mark(); // suffix will be put back on global list
8877 cur->set_mark(NULL); // break off suffix
8878 // It's possible that the list is still in the empty(busy) state
8879 // we left it in a short while ago; in that case we may be
8880 // able to place back the suffix without incurring the cost
8881 // of a walk down the list.
8882 oop observed_overflow_list = _overflow_list;
8883 oop cur_overflow_list = observed_overflow_list;
8884 bool attached = false;
8885 while (observed_overflow_list == BUSY || observed_overflow_list == NULL) {
8886 observed_overflow_list =
8887 (oop) Atomic::cmpxchg_ptr(suffix_head, &_overflow_list, cur_overflow_list);
8888 if (cur_overflow_list == observed_overflow_list) {
8889 attached = true;
8890 break;
8891 } else cur_overflow_list = observed_overflow_list;
8892 }
8893 if (!attached) {
8894 // Too bad, someone else sneaked in (at least) an element; we'll need
8895 // to do a splice. Find tail of suffix so we can prepend suffix to global
8896 // list.
8897 for (cur = suffix_head; cur->mark() != NULL; cur = (oop)(cur->mark()));
8898 oop suffix_tail = cur;
8899 assert(suffix_tail != NULL && suffix_tail->mark() == NULL,
8900 "Tautology");
8901 observed_overflow_list = _overflow_list;
8902 do {
8903 cur_overflow_list = observed_overflow_list;
8904 if (cur_overflow_list != BUSY) {
8905 // Do the splice ...
8906 suffix_tail->set_mark(markOop(cur_overflow_list));
8907 } else { // cur_overflow_list == BUSY
8908 suffix_tail->set_mark(NULL);
8909 }
8910 // ... and try to place spliced list back on overflow_list ...
8911 observed_overflow_list =
8912 (oop) Atomic::cmpxchg_ptr(suffix_head, &_overflow_list, cur_overflow_list);
8913 } while (cur_overflow_list != observed_overflow_list);
8914 // ... until we have succeeded in doing so.
8915 }
8916 }
8917
8918 // Push the prefix elements on work_q
8919 assert(prefix != NULL, "control point invariant");
8920 const markOop proto = markOopDesc::prototype();
8921 oop next;
8922 NOT_PRODUCT(ssize_t n = 0;)
8923 for (cur = prefix; cur != NULL; cur = next) {
8924 next = oop(cur->mark());
8925 cur->set_mark(proto); // until proven otherwise
8926 assert(cur->is_oop(), "Should be an oop");
8927 bool res = work_q->push(cur);
8928 assert(res, "Bit off more than we can chew?");
8929 NOT_PRODUCT(n++;)
8930 }
8931 #ifndef PRODUCT
8932 assert(_num_par_pushes >= n, "Too many pops?");
8933 Atomic::add_ptr(-(intptr_t)n, &_num_par_pushes);
8934 #endif
8935 return true;
8936 }
8937
8938 // Single-threaded
8939 void CMSCollector::push_on_overflow_list(oop p) {
8940 NOT_PRODUCT(_num_par_pushes++;)
8941 assert(p->is_oop(), "Not an oop");
8942 preserve_mark_if_necessary(p);
8943 p->set_mark((markOop)_overflow_list);
8944 _overflow_list = p;
8945 }
8946
8947 // Multi-threaded; use CAS to prepend to overflow list
8948 void CMSCollector::par_push_on_overflow_list(oop p) {
8949 NOT_PRODUCT(Atomic::inc_ptr(&_num_par_pushes);)
8950 assert(p->is_oop(), "Not an oop");
8951 par_preserve_mark_if_necessary(p);
8952 oop observed_overflow_list = _overflow_list;
8953 oop cur_overflow_list;
8954 do {
8955 cur_overflow_list = observed_overflow_list;
8956 if (cur_overflow_list != BUSY) {
8957 p->set_mark(markOop(cur_overflow_list));
8958 } else {
8959 p->set_mark(NULL);
8960 }
8961 observed_overflow_list =
8962 (oop) Atomic::cmpxchg_ptr(p, &_overflow_list, cur_overflow_list);
8963 } while (cur_overflow_list != observed_overflow_list);
8964 }
8965 #undef BUSY
8966
8967 // Single threaded
8968 // General Note on GrowableArray: pushes may silently fail
8969 // because we are (temporarily) out of C-heap for expanding
8970 // the stack. The problem is quite ubiquitous and affects
8971 // a lot of code in the JVM. The prudent thing for GrowableArray
8972 // to do (for now) is to exit with an error. However, that may
8973 // be too draconian in some cases because the caller may be
8974 // able to recover without much harm. For such cases, we
8975 // should probably introduce a "soft_push" method which returns
8976 // an indication of success or failure with the assumption that
8977 // the caller may be able to recover from a failure; code in
8978 // the VM can then be changed, incrementally, to deal with such
8979 // failures where possible, thus, incrementally hardening the VM
8980 // in such low resource situations.
8981 void CMSCollector::preserve_mark_work(oop p, markOop m) {
8982 _preserved_oop_stack.push(p);
8983 _preserved_mark_stack.push(m);
8984 assert(m == p->mark(), "Mark word changed");
8985 assert(_preserved_oop_stack.size() == _preserved_mark_stack.size(),
8986 "bijection");
8987 }
8988
8989 // Single threaded
8990 void CMSCollector::preserve_mark_if_necessary(oop p) {
8991 markOop m = p->mark();
8992 if (m->must_be_preserved(p)) {
8993 preserve_mark_work(p, m);
8994 }
8995 }
8996
8997 void CMSCollector::par_preserve_mark_if_necessary(oop p) {
8998 markOop m = p->mark();
8999 if (m->must_be_preserved(p)) {
9000 MutexLockerEx x(ParGCRareEvent_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
9001 // Even though we read the mark word without holding
9002 // the lock, we are assured that it will not change
9003 // because we "own" this oop, so no other thread can
9004 // be trying to push it on the overflow list; see
9005 // the assertion in preserve_mark_work() that checks
9006 // that m == p->mark().
9007 preserve_mark_work(p, m);
9008 }
9009 }
9010
9011 // We should be able to do this multi-threaded,
9012 // a chunk of stack being a task (this is
9013 // correct because each oop only ever appears
9014 // once in the overflow list. However, it's
9015 // not very easy to completely overlap this with
9016 // other operations, so will generally not be done
9017 // until all work's been completed. Because we
9018 // expect the preserved oop stack (set) to be small,
9019 // it's probably fine to do this single-threaded.
9020 // We can explore cleverer concurrent/overlapped/parallel
9021 // processing of preserved marks if we feel the
9022 // need for this in the future. Stack overflow should
9023 // be so rare in practice and, when it happens, its
9024 // effect on performance so great that this will
9025 // likely just be in the noise anyway.
9026 void CMSCollector::restore_preserved_marks_if_any() {
9027 assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(),
9028 "world should be stopped");
9029 assert(Thread::current()->is_ConcurrentGC_thread() ||
9030 Thread::current()->is_VM_thread(),
9031 "should be single-threaded");
9032 assert(_preserved_oop_stack.size() == _preserved_mark_stack.size(),
9033 "bijection");
9034
9035 while (!_preserved_oop_stack.is_empty()) {
9036 oop p = _preserved_oop_stack.pop();
9037 assert(p->is_oop(), "Should be an oop");
9038 assert(_span.contains(p), "oop should be in _span");
9039 assert(p->mark() == markOopDesc::prototype(),
9040 "Set when taken from overflow list");
9041 markOop m = _preserved_mark_stack.pop();
9042 p->set_mark(m);
9043 }
9044 assert(_preserved_mark_stack.is_empty() && _preserved_oop_stack.is_empty(),
9045 "stacks were cleared above");
9046 }
9047
9048 #ifndef PRODUCT
9049 bool CMSCollector::no_preserved_marks() const {
9050 return _preserved_mark_stack.is_empty() && _preserved_oop_stack.is_empty();
9051 }
9052 #endif
9053
9054 CMSAdaptiveSizePolicy* ASConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::cms_size_policy() const
9055 {
9056 GenCollectedHeap* gch = (GenCollectedHeap*) GenCollectedHeap::heap();
9057 CMSAdaptiveSizePolicy* size_policy =
9058 (CMSAdaptiveSizePolicy*) gch->gen_policy()->size_policy();
9059 assert(size_policy->is_gc_cms_adaptive_size_policy(),
9060 "Wrong type for size policy");
9061 return size_policy;
9062 }
9063
9064 void ASConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::resize(size_t cur_promo_size,
9065 size_t desired_promo_size) {
9066 if (cur_promo_size < desired_promo_size) {
9067 size_t expand_bytes = desired_promo_size - cur_promo_size;
9068 if (PrintAdaptiveSizePolicy && Verbose) {
9069 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" ASConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::resize "
9070 "Expanding tenured generation by " SIZE_FORMAT " (bytes)",
9071 expand_bytes);
9072 }
9073 expand(expand_bytes,
9074 MinHeapDeltaBytes,
9075 CMSExpansionCause::_adaptive_size_policy);
9076 } else if (desired_promo_size < cur_promo_size) {
9077 size_t shrink_bytes = cur_promo_size - desired_promo_size;
9078 if (PrintAdaptiveSizePolicy && Verbose) {
9079 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" ASConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::resize "
9080 "Shrinking tenured generation by " SIZE_FORMAT " (bytes)",
9081 shrink_bytes);
9082 }
9083 shrink(shrink_bytes);
9084 }
9085 }
9086
9087 CMSGCAdaptivePolicyCounters* ASConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::gc_adaptive_policy_counters() {
9088 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
9089 CMSGCAdaptivePolicyCounters* counters =
9090 (CMSGCAdaptivePolicyCounters*) gch->collector_policy()->counters();
9091 assert(counters->kind() == GCPolicyCounters::CMSGCAdaptivePolicyCountersKind,
9092 "Wrong kind of counters");
9093 return counters;
9094 }
9095
9096
9097 void ASConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::update_counters() {
9098 if (UsePerfData) {
9099 _space_counters->update_all();
9100 _gen_counters->update_all();
9101 CMSGCAdaptivePolicyCounters* counters = gc_adaptive_policy_counters();
9102 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
9103 CMSGCStats* gc_stats_l = (CMSGCStats*) gc_stats();
9104 assert(gc_stats_l->kind() == GCStats::CMSGCStatsKind,
9105 "Wrong gc statistics type");
9106 counters->update_counters(gc_stats_l);
9107 }
9108 }
9109
9110 void ASConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::update_counters(size_t used) {
9111 if (UsePerfData) {
9112 _space_counters->update_used(used);
9113 _space_counters->update_capacity();
9114 _gen_counters->update_all();
9115
9116 CMSGCAdaptivePolicyCounters* counters = gc_adaptive_policy_counters();
9117 GenCollectedHeap* gch = GenCollectedHeap::heap();
9118 CMSGCStats* gc_stats_l = (CMSGCStats*) gc_stats();
9119 assert(gc_stats_l->kind() == GCStats::CMSGCStatsKind,
9120 "Wrong gc statistics type");
9121 counters->update_counters(gc_stats_l);
9122 }
9123 }
9124
9125 void ASConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::shrink_by(size_t desired_bytes) {
9126 assert_locked_or_safepoint(Heap_lock);
9127 assert_lock_strong(freelistLock());
9128 HeapWord* old_end = _cmsSpace->end();
9129 HeapWord* unallocated_start = _cmsSpace->unallocated_block();
9130 assert(old_end >= unallocated_start, "Miscalculation of unallocated_start");
9131 FreeChunk* chunk_at_end = find_chunk_at_end();
9132 if (chunk_at_end == NULL) {
9133 // No room to shrink
9134 if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
9135 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("No room to shrink: old_end "
9136 PTR_FORMAT " unallocated_start " PTR_FORMAT
9137 " chunk_at_end " PTR_FORMAT,
9138 old_end, unallocated_start, chunk_at_end);
9139 }
9140 return;
9141 } else {
9142
9143 // Find the chunk at the end of the space and determine
9144 // how much it can be shrunk.
9145 size_t shrinkable_size_in_bytes = chunk_at_end->size();
9146 size_t aligned_shrinkable_size_in_bytes =
9147 align_size_down(shrinkable_size_in_bytes, os::vm_page_size());
9148 assert(unallocated_start <= (HeapWord*) chunk_at_end->end(),
9149 "Inconsistent chunk at end of space");
9150 size_t bytes = MIN2(desired_bytes, aligned_shrinkable_size_in_bytes);
9151 size_t word_size_before = heap_word_size(_virtual_space.committed_size());
9152
9153 // Shrink the underlying space
9154 _virtual_space.shrink_by(bytes);
9155 if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
9156 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("ConcurrentMarkSweepGeneration::shrink_by:"
9157 " desired_bytes " SIZE_FORMAT
9158 " shrinkable_size_in_bytes " SIZE_FORMAT
9159 " aligned_shrinkable_size_in_bytes " SIZE_FORMAT
9160 " bytes " SIZE_FORMAT,
9161 desired_bytes, shrinkable_size_in_bytes,
9162 aligned_shrinkable_size_in_bytes, bytes);
9163 gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" old_end " SIZE_FORMAT
9164 " unallocated_start " SIZE_FORMAT,
9165 old_end, unallocated_start);
9166 }
9167
9168 // If the space did shrink (shrinking is not guaranteed),
9169 // shrink the chunk at the end by the appropriate amount.
9170 if (((HeapWord*)_virtual_space.high()) < old_end) {
9171 size_t new_word_size =
9172 heap_word_size(_virtual_space.committed_size());
9173
9174 // Have to remove the chunk from the dictionary because it is changing
9175 // size and might be someplace elsewhere in the dictionary.
9176
9177 // Get the chunk at end, shrink it, and put it
9178 // back.
9179 _cmsSpace->removeChunkFromDictionary(chunk_at_end);
9180 size_t word_size_change = word_size_before - new_word_size;
9181 size_t chunk_at_end_old_size = chunk_at_end->size();
9182 assert(chunk_at_end_old_size >= word_size_change,
9183 "Shrink is too large");
9184 chunk_at_end->set_size(chunk_at_end_old_size -
9185 word_size_change);
9186 _cmsSpace->freed((HeapWord*) chunk_at_end->end(),
9187 word_size_change);
9188
9189 _cmsSpace->returnChunkToDictionary(chunk_at_end);
9190
9191 MemRegion mr(_cmsSpace->bottom(), new_word_size);
9192 _bts->resize(new_word_size); // resize the block offset shared array
9193 Universe::heap()->barrier_set()->resize_covered_region(mr);
9194 _cmsSpace->assert_locked();
9195 _cmsSpace->set_end((HeapWord*)_virtual_space.high());
9196
9197 NOT_PRODUCT(_cmsSpace->dictionary()->verify());
9198
9199 // update the space and generation capacity counters
9200 if (UsePerfData) {
9201 _space_counters->update_capacity();
9202 _gen_counters->update_all();
9203 }
9204
9205 if (Verbose && PrintGCDetails) {
9206 size_t new_mem_size = _virtual_space.committed_size();
9207 size_t old_mem_size = new_mem_size + bytes;
9208 gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Shrinking %s from " SIZE_FORMAT "K by " SIZE_FORMAT "K to " SIZE_FORMAT "K",
9209 name(), old_mem_size/K, bytes/K, new_mem_size/K);
9210 }
9211 }
9212
9213 assert(_cmsSpace->unallocated_block() <= _cmsSpace->end(),
9214 "Inconsistency at end of space");
9215 assert(chunk_at_end->end() == (uintptr_t*) _cmsSpace->end(),
9216 "Shrinking is inconsistent");
9217 return;
9218 }
9219 }
9220
9221 // Transfer some number of overflown objects to usual marking
9222 // stack. Return true if some objects were transferred.
9223 bool MarkRefsIntoAndScanClosure::take_from_overflow_list() {
9224 size_t num = MIN2((size_t)(_mark_stack->capacity() - _mark_stack->length())/4,
9225 (size_t)ParGCDesiredObjsFromOverflowList);
9226
9227 bool res = _collector->take_from_overflow_list(num, _mark_stack);
9228 assert(_collector->overflow_list_is_empty() || res,
9229 "If list is not empty, we should have taken something");
9230 assert(!res || !_mark_stack->isEmpty(),
9231 "If we took something, it should now be on our stack");
9232 return res;
9233 }
9234
9235 size_t MarkDeadObjectsClosure::do_blk(HeapWord* addr) {
9236 size_t res = _sp->block_size_no_stall(addr, _collector);
9237 if (_sp->block_is_obj(addr)) {
9238 if (_live_bit_map->isMarked(addr)) {
9239 // It can't have been dead in a previous cycle
9240 guarantee(!_dead_bit_map->isMarked(addr), "No resurrection!");
9241 } else {
9242 _dead_bit_map->mark(addr); // mark the dead object
9243 }
9244 }
9245 // Could be 0, if the block size could not be computed without stalling.
9246 return res;
9247 }
9248
9249 TraceCMSMemoryManagerStats::TraceCMSMemoryManagerStats(CMSCollector::CollectorState phase, GCCause::Cause cause): TraceMemoryManagerStats() {
9250
9251 switch (phase) {
9252 case CMSCollector::InitialMarking:
9253 initialize(true /* fullGC */ ,
9254 cause /* cause of the GC */,
9255 true /* recordGCBeginTime */,
9256 true /* recordPreGCUsage */,
9257 false /* recordPeakUsage */,
9258 false /* recordPostGCusage */,
9259 true /* recordAccumulatedGCTime */,
9260 false /* recordGCEndTime */,
9261 false /* countCollection */ );
9262 break;
9263
9264 case CMSCollector::FinalMarking:
9265 initialize(true /* fullGC */ ,
9266 cause /* cause of the GC */,
9267 false /* recordGCBeginTime */,
9268 false /* recordPreGCUsage */,
9269 false /* recordPeakUsage */,
9270 false /* recordPostGCusage */,
9271 true /* recordAccumulatedGCTime */,
9272 false /* recordGCEndTime */,
9273 false /* countCollection */ );
9274 break;
9275
9276 case CMSCollector::Sweeping:
9277 initialize(true /* fullGC */ ,
9278 cause /* cause of the GC */,
9279 false /* recordGCBeginTime */,
9280 false /* recordPreGCUsage */,
9281 true /* recordPeakUsage */,
9282 true /* recordPostGCusage */,
9283 false /* recordAccumulatedGCTime */,
9284 true /* recordGCEndTime */,
9285 true /* countCollection */ );
9286 break;
9287
9288 default:
9289 ShouldNotReachHere();
9290 }
9291 }
9292