Asynchronous socket channels are created in one of two ways. A newly-created * {@code AsynchronousSocketChannel} is created by invoking one of the {@link * #open open} methods defined by this class. A newly-created channel is open but * not yet connected. A connected {@code AsynchronousSocketChannel} is created * when a connection is made to the socket of an {@link AsynchronousServerSocketChannel}. * It is not possible to create an asynchronous socket channel for an arbitrary, * pre-existing {@link java.net.Socket socket}. * *
A newly-created channel is connected by invoking its {@link #connect connect} * method; once connected, a channel remains connected until it is closed. Whether * or not a socket channel is connected may be determined by invoking its {@link * #getRemoteAddress getRemoteAddress} method. An attempt to invoke an I/O * operation upon an unconnected channel will cause a {@link NotYetConnectedException} * to be thrown. * *
Channels of this type are safe for use by multiple concurrent threads. * They support concurrent reading and writing, though at most one read operation * and one write operation can be outstanding at any time. * If a thread initiates a read operation before a previous read operation has * completed then a {@link ReadPendingException} will be thrown. Similarly, an * attempt to initiate a write operation before a previous write has completed * will throw a {@link WritePendingException}. * *
Socket options are configured using the {@link #setOption(SocketOption,Object) * setOption} method. Asynchronous socket channels support the following options: *
** Additional (implementation specific) options may also be supported. * ** * *
** * * *Option Name *Description ** *{@link java.net.StandardSocketOptions#SO_SNDBUF SO_SNDBUF} *The size of the socket send buffer ** *{@link java.net.StandardSocketOptions#SO_RCVBUF SO_RCVBUF} *The size of the socket receive buffer ** *{@link java.net.StandardSocketOptions#SO_KEEPALIVE SO_KEEPALIVE} *Keep connection alive ** *{@link java.net.StandardSocketOptions#SO_REUSEADDR SO_REUSEADDR} *Re-use address ** * *{@link java.net.StandardSocketOptions#TCP_NODELAY TCP_NODELAY} *Disable the Nagle algorithm *
The {@link #read(ByteBuffer,long,TimeUnit,Object,CompletionHandler) read} * and {@link #write(ByteBuffer,long,TimeUnit,Object,CompletionHandler) write} * methods defined by this class allow a timeout to be specified when initiating * a read or write operation. If the timeout elapses before an operation completes * then the operation completes with the exception {@link * InterruptedByTimeoutException}. A timeout may leave the channel, or the * underlying connection, in an inconsistent state. Where the implementation * cannot guarantee that bytes have not been read from the channel then it puts * the channel into an implementation specific error state. A subsequent * attempt to initiate a {@code read} operation causes an unspecified runtime * exception to be thrown. Similarly if a {@code write} operation times out and * the implementation cannot guarantee bytes have not been written to the * channel then further attempts to {@code write} to the channel cause an * unspecified runtime exception to be thrown. When a timeout elapses then the * state of the {@link ByteBuffer}, or the sequence of buffers, for the I/O * operation is not defined. Buffers should be discarded or at least care must * be taken to ensure that the buffers are not accessed while the channel remains * open. All methods that accept timeout parameters treat values less than or * equal to zero to mean that the I/O operation does not timeout. * * @since 1.7 */ public abstract class AsynchronousSocketChannel implements AsynchronousByteChannel, NetworkChannel { private final AsynchronousChannelProvider provider; /** * Initializes a new instance of this class. * * @param provider * The provider that created this channel */ protected AsynchronousSocketChannel(AsynchronousChannelProvider provider) { this.provider = provider; } /** * Returns the provider that created this channel. * * @return The provider that created this channel */ public final AsynchronousChannelProvider provider() { return provider; } /** * Opens an asynchronous socket channel. * *
The new channel is created by invoking the {@link * AsynchronousChannelProvider#openAsynchronousSocketChannel * openAsynchronousSocketChannel} method on the {@link * AsynchronousChannelProvider} that created the group. If the group parameter * is {@code null} then the resulting channel is created by the system-wide * default provider, and bound to the default group. * * @param group * The group to which the newly constructed channel should be bound, * or {@code null} for the default group * * @return A new asynchronous socket channel * * @throws ShutdownChannelGroupException * If the channel group is shutdown * @throws IOException * If an I/O error occurs */ public static AsynchronousSocketChannel open(AsynchronousChannelGroup group) throws IOException { AsynchronousChannelProvider provider = (group == null) ? AsynchronousChannelProvider.provider() : group.provider(); return provider.openAsynchronousSocketChannel(group); } /** * Opens an asynchronous socket channel. * *
This method returns an asynchronous socket channel that is bound to * the default group.This method is equivalent to evaluating the * expression: *
* open((AsynchronousChannelGroup)null);
* Once shutdown for reading then further reads on the channel will * return {@code -1}, the end-of-stream indication. If the input side of the * connection is already shutdown then invoking this method has no effect. * The effect on an outstanding read operation is system dependent and * therefore not specified. The effect, if any, when there is data in the * socket receive buffer that has not been read, or data arrives subsequently, * is also system dependent. * * @return The channel * * @throws NotYetConnectedException * If this channel is not yet connected * @throws ClosedChannelException * If this channel is closed * @throws IOException * If some other I/O error occurs */ public abstract AsynchronousSocketChannel shutdownInput() throws IOException; /** * Shutdown the connection for writing without closing the channel. * *
Once shutdown for writing then further attempts to write to the * channel will throw {@link ClosedChannelException}. If the output side of * the connection is already shutdown then invoking this method has no * effect. The effect on an outstanding write operation is system dependent * and therefore not specified. * * @return The channel * * @throws NotYetConnectedException * If this channel is not yet connected * @throws ClosedChannelException * If this channel is closed * @throws IOException * If some other I/O error occurs */ public abstract AsynchronousSocketChannel shutdownOutput() throws IOException; // -- state -- /** * Returns the remote address to which this channel's socket is connected. * *
Where the channel is bound and connected to an Internet Protocol * socket address then the return value from this method is of type {@link * java.net.InetSocketAddress}. * * @return The remote address; {@code null} if the channel's socket is not * connected * * @throws ClosedChannelException * If the channel is closed * @throws IOException * If an I/O error occurs */ public abstract SocketAddress getRemoteAddress() throws IOException; // -- asynchronous operations -- /** * Connects this channel. * *
This method initiates an operation to connect this channel. The * {@code handler} parameter is a completion handler that is invoked when * the connection is successfully established or connection cannot be * established. If the connection cannot be established then the channel is * closed. * *
This method performs exactly the same security checks as the {@link
* java.net.Socket} class. That is, if a security manager has been
* installed then this method verifies that its {@link
* java.lang.SecurityManager#checkConnect checkConnect} method permits
* connecting to the address and port number of the given remote endpoint.
*
* @param
* The type of the attachment
* @param remote
* The remote address to which this channel is to be connected
* @param attachment
* The object to attach to the I/O operation; can be {@code null}
* @param handler
* The handler for consuming the result
*
* @throws UnresolvedAddressException
* If the given remote address is not fully resolved
* @throws UnsupportedAddressTypeException
* If the type of the given remote address is not supported
* @throws AlreadyConnectedException
* If this channel is already connected
* @throws ConnectionPendingException
* If a connection operation is already in progress on this channel
* @throws ShutdownChannelGroupException
* If the channel group has terminated
* @throws SecurityException
* If a security manager has been installed
* and it does not permit access to the given remote endpoint
*
* @see #getRemoteAddress
*/
public abstract void connect(SocketAddress remote,
A attachment,
CompletionHandler This method initiates an operation to connect this channel. This
* method behaves in exactly the same manner as the {@link
* #connect(SocketAddress, Object, CompletionHandler)} method except that
* instead of specifying a completion handler, this method returns a {@code
* Future} representing the pending result. The {@code Future}'s {@link
* Future#get() get} method returns {@code null} on successful completion.
*
* @param remote
* The remote address to which this channel is to be connected
*
* @return A {@code Future} object representing the pending result
*
* @throws UnresolvedAddressException
* If the given remote address is not fully resolved
* @throws UnsupportedAddressTypeException
* If the type of the given remote address is not supported
* @throws AlreadyConnectedException
* If this channel is already connected
* @throws ConnectionPendingException
* If a connection operation is already in progress on this channel
* @throws SecurityException
* If a security manager has been installed
* and it does not permit access to the given remote endpoint
*/
public abstract Future This method initiates an asynchronous read operation to read a
* sequence of bytes from this channel into the given buffer. The {@code
* handler} parameter is a completion handler that is invoked when the read
* operation completes (or fails). The result passed to the completion
* handler is the number of bytes read or {@code -1} if no bytes could be
* read because the channel has reached end-of-stream.
*
* If a timeout is specified and the timeout elapses before the operation
* completes then the operation completes with the exception {@link
* InterruptedByTimeoutException}. Where a timeout occurs, and the
* implementation cannot guarantee that bytes have not been read, or will not
* be read from the channel into the given buffer, then further attempts to
* read from the channel will cause an unspecific runtime exception to be
* thrown.
*
* Otherwise this method works in the same manner as the {@link
* AsynchronousByteChannel#read(ByteBuffer,Object,CompletionHandler)}
* method.
*
* @param
* The type of the attachment
* @param dst
* The buffer into which bytes are to be transferred
* @param timeout
* The maximum time for the I/O operation to complete
* @param unit
* The time unit of the {@code timeout} argument
* @param attachment
* The object to attach to the I/O operation; can be {@code null}
* @param handler
* The handler for consuming the result
*
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* If the buffer is read-only
* @throws ReadPendingException
* If a read operation is already in progress on this channel
* @throws NotYetConnectedException
* If this channel is not yet connected
* @throws ShutdownChannelGroupException
* If the channel group has terminated
*/
public abstract void read(ByteBuffer dst,
long timeout,
TimeUnit unit,
A attachment,
CompletionHandler This method initiates a read of up to r bytes from this channel,
* where r is the total number of bytes remaining in the specified
* subsequence of the given buffer array, that is,
*
* Suppose that a byte sequence of length n is read, where
* {@code 0} {@code <} n {@code <=} r.
* Up to the first {@code dsts[offset].remaining()} bytes of this sequence
* are transferred into buffer {@code dsts[offset]}, up to the next
* {@code dsts[offset+1].remaining()} bytes are transferred into buffer
* {@code dsts[offset+1]}, and so forth, until the entire byte sequence
* is transferred into the given buffers. As many bytes as possible are
* transferred into each buffer, hence the final position of each updated
* buffer, except the last updated buffer, is guaranteed to be equal to
* that buffer's limit. The underlying operating system may impose a limit
* on the number of buffers that may be used in an I/O operation. Where the
* number of buffers (with bytes remaining), exceeds this limit, then the
* I/O operation is performed with the maximum number of buffers allowed by
* the operating system.
*
* If a timeout is specified and the timeout elapses before the operation
* completes then it completes with the exception {@link
* InterruptedByTimeoutException}. Where a timeout occurs, and the
* implementation cannot guarantee that bytes have not been read, or will not
* be read from the channel into the given buffers, then further attempts to
* read from the channel will cause an unspecific runtime exception to be
* thrown.
*
* @param
* The type of the attachment
* @param dsts
* The buffers into which bytes are to be transferred
* @param offset
* The offset within the buffer array of the first buffer into which
* bytes are to be transferred; must be non-negative and no larger than
* {@code dsts.length}
* @param length
* The maximum number of buffers to be accessed; must be non-negative
* and no larger than {@code dsts.length - offset}
* @param timeout
* The maximum time for the I/O operation to complete
* @param unit
* The time unit of the {@code timeout} argument
* @param attachment
* The object to attach to the I/O operation; can be {@code null}
* @param handler
* The handler for consuming the result
*
* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException
* If the pre-conditions for the {@code offset} and {@code length}
* parameter aren't met
* @throws IllegalArgumentException
* If the buffer is read-only
* @throws ReadPendingException
* If a read operation is already in progress on this channel
* @throws NotYetConnectedException
* If this channel is not yet connected
* @throws ShutdownChannelGroupException
* If the channel group has terminated
*/
public abstract void read(ByteBuffer[] dsts,
int offset,
int length,
long timeout,
TimeUnit unit,
A attachment,
CompletionHandler This method initiates an asynchronous write operation to write a
* sequence of bytes to this channel from the given buffer. The {@code
* handler} parameter is a completion handler that is invoked when the write
* operation completes (or fails). The result passed to the completion
* handler is the number of bytes written.
*
* If a timeout is specified and the timeout elapses before the operation
* completes then it completes with the exception {@link
* InterruptedByTimeoutException}. Where a timeout occurs, and the
* implementation cannot guarantee that bytes have not been written, or will
* not be written to the channel from the given buffer, then further attempts
* to write to the channel will cause an unspecific runtime exception to be
* thrown.
*
* Otherwise this method works in the same manner as the {@link
* AsynchronousByteChannel#write(ByteBuffer,Object,CompletionHandler)}
* method.
*
* @param
* The type of the attachment
* @param src
* The buffer from which bytes are to be retrieved
* @param timeout
* The maximum time for the I/O operation to complete
* @param unit
* The time unit of the {@code timeout} argument
* @param attachment
* The object to attach to the I/O operation; can be {@code null}
* @param handler
* The handler for consuming the result
*
* @throws WritePendingException
* If a write operation is already in progress on this channel
* @throws NotYetConnectedException
* If this channel is not yet connected
* @throws ShutdownChannelGroupException
* If the channel group has terminated
*/
public abstract void write(ByteBuffer src,
long timeout,
TimeUnit unit,
A attachment,
CompletionHandler This method initiates a write of up to r bytes to this channel,
* where r is the total number of bytes remaining in the specified
* subsequence of the given buffer array, that is,
*
* Suppose that a byte sequence of length n is written, where
* {@code 0} {@code <} n {@code <=} r.
* Up to the first {@code srcs[offset].remaining()} bytes of this sequence
* are written from buffer {@code srcs[offset]}, up to the next
* {@code srcs[offset+1].remaining()} bytes are written from buffer
* {@code srcs[offset+1]}, and so forth, until the entire byte sequence is
* written. As many bytes as possible are written from each buffer, hence
* the final position of each updated buffer, except the last updated
* buffer, is guaranteed to be equal to that buffer's limit. The underlying
* operating system may impose a limit on the number of buffers that may be
* used in an I/O operation. Where the number of buffers (with bytes
* remaining), exceeds this limit, then the I/O operation is performed with
* the maximum number of buffers allowed by the operating system.
*
* If a timeout is specified and the timeout elapses before the operation
* completes then it completes with the exception {@link
* InterruptedByTimeoutException}. Where a timeout occurs, and the
* implementation cannot guarantee that bytes have not been written, or will
* not be written to the channel from the given buffers, then further attempts
* to write to the channel will cause an unspecific runtime exception to be
* thrown.
*
* @param
* The type of the attachment
* @param srcs
* The buffers from which bytes are to be retrieved
* @param offset
* The offset within the buffer array of the first buffer from which
* bytes are to be retrieved; must be non-negative and no larger
* than {@code srcs.length}
* @param length
* The maximum number of buffers to be accessed; must be non-negative
* and no larger than {@code srcs.length - offset}
* @param timeout
* The maximum time for the I/O operation to complete
* @param unit
* The time unit of the {@code timeout} argument
* @param attachment
* The object to attach to the I/O operation; can be {@code null}
* @param handler
* The handler for consuming the result
*
* @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException
* If the pre-conditions for the {@code offset} and {@code length}
* parameter aren't met
* @throws WritePendingException
* If a write operation is already in progress on this channel
* @throws NotYetConnectedException
* If this channel is not yet connected
* @throws ShutdownChannelGroupException
* If the channel group has terminated
*/
public abstract void write(ByteBuffer[] srcs,
int offset,
int length,
long timeout,
TimeUnit unit,
A attachment,
CompletionHandler
* If there is a security manager set, its {@code checkConnect} method is
* called with the local address and {@code -1} as its arguments to see
* if the operation is allowed. If the operation is not allowed,
* a {@code SocketAddress} representing the
* {@link java.net.InetAddress#getLoopbackAddress loopback} address and the
* local port of the channel's socket is returned.
*
* @return The {@code SocketAddress} that the socket is bound to, or the
* {@code SocketAddress} representing the loopback address if
* denied by the security manager, or {@code null} if the
* channel's socket is not bound
*
* @throws ClosedChannelException {@inheritDoc}
* @throws IOException {@inheritDoc}
*/
public abstract SocketAddress getLocalAddress() throws IOException;
}
*
* at the moment that the read is attempted.
*
*
* dsts[offset].remaining()
* + dsts[offset+1].remaining()
* + ... + dsts[offset+length-1].remaining()
*
* at the moment that the write is attempted.
*
*
* srcs[offset].remaining()
* + srcs[offset+1].remaining()
* + ... + srcs[offset+length-1].remaining()