75  * The iterators returned by this class's {@link #iterator() iterator} and
  76  * {@link #listIterator(int) listIterator} methods are <em>fail-fast</em>:
  77  * if the list is structurally modified at any time after the iterator is
  78  * created, in any way except through the iterator's own
  79  * {@link ListIterator#remove() remove} or
  80  * {@link ListIterator#add(Object) add} methods, the iterator will throw a
  81  * {@link ConcurrentModificationException}.  Thus, in the face of
  82  * concurrent modification, the iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather
  83  * than risking arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined
  84  * time in the future.
  85  *
  86  * <p>Note that the fail-fast behavior of an iterator cannot be guaranteed
  87  * as it is, generally speaking, impossible to make any hard guarantees in the
  88  * presence of unsynchronized concurrent modification.  Fail-fast iterators
  89  * throw {@code ConcurrentModificationException} on a best-effort basis.
  90  * Therefore, it would be wrong to write a program that depended on this
  91  * exception for its correctness:  <i>the fail-fast behavior of iterators
  92  * should be used only to detect bugs.</i>
  93  *
  94  * <p>This class is a member of the
  95  * <a href="{@docRoot}/java/util/package-summary.html#CollectionsFramework">
  96  * Java Collections Framework</a>.
  97  *
  98  * @param <E> the type of elements in this list
  99  *
 100  * @author  Josh Bloch
 101  * @author  Neal Gafter
 102  * @see     Collection
 103  * @see     List
 104  * @see     LinkedList
 105  * @see     Vector
 106  * @since   1.2
 107  */
 108 public class ArrayList<E> extends AbstractList<E>
 109         implements List<E>, RandomAccess, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
 110 {
 111     private static final long serialVersionUID = 8683452581122892189L;
 112 
 113     /**
 114      * Default initial capacity.
 115      */

  75  * The iterators returned by this class's {@link #iterator() iterator} and
  76  * {@link #listIterator(int) listIterator} methods are <em>fail-fast</em>:
  77  * if the list is structurally modified at any time after the iterator is
  78  * created, in any way except through the iterator's own
  79  * {@link ListIterator#remove() remove} or
  80  * {@link ListIterator#add(Object) add} methods, the iterator will throw a
  81  * {@link ConcurrentModificationException}.  Thus, in the face of
  82  * concurrent modification, the iterator fails quickly and cleanly, rather
  83  * than risking arbitrary, non-deterministic behavior at an undetermined
  84  * time in the future.
  85  *
  86  * <p>Note that the fail-fast behavior of an iterator cannot be guaranteed
  87  * as it is, generally speaking, impossible to make any hard guarantees in the
  88  * presence of unsynchronized concurrent modification.  Fail-fast iterators
  89  * throw {@code ConcurrentModificationException} on a best-effort basis.
  90  * Therefore, it would be wrong to write a program that depended on this
  91  * exception for its correctness:  <i>the fail-fast behavior of iterators
  92  * should be used only to detect bugs.</i>
  93  *
  94  * <p>This class is a member of the
  95  * <a href="{@docRoot}/java.base/java/util/package-summary.html#CollectionsFramework">
  96  * Java Collections Framework</a>.
  97  *
  98  * @param <E> the type of elements in this list
  99  *
 100  * @author  Josh Bloch
 101  * @author  Neal Gafter
 102  * @see     Collection
 103  * @see     List
 104  * @see     LinkedList
 105  * @see     Vector
 106  * @since   1.2
 107  */
 108 public class ArrayList<E> extends AbstractList<E>
 109         implements List<E>, RandomAccess, Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
 110 {
 111     private static final long serialVersionUID = 8683452581122892189L;
 112 
 113     /**
 114      * Default initial capacity.
 115      */