1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1999, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 package com.sun.tools.javac.tree;
  27 
  28 import java.util.Iterator;
  29 
  30 import com.sun.source.tree.CaseTree;
  31 import com.sun.source.tree.ModuleTree.ModuleKind;
  32 import com.sun.source.tree.Tree.Kind;
  33 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.*;
  34 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Attribute.UnresolvedClass;
  35 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Symbol.*;
  36 import com.sun.tools.javac.code.Type.*;
  37 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.*;
  38 import com.sun.tools.javac.util.JCDiagnostic.DiagnosticPosition;
  39 
  40 import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.*;
  41 
  42 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.*;
  43 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Kinds.Kind.*;
  44 import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeTag.*;
  45 
  46 /** Factory class for trees.
  47  *
  48  *  <p><b>This is NOT part of any supported API.
  49  *  If you write code that depends on this, you do so at your own risk.
  50  *  This code and its internal interfaces are subject to change or
  51  *  deletion without notice.</b>
  52  */
  53 public class TreeMaker implements JCTree.Factory {
  54 
  55     /** The context key for the tree factory. */
  56     protected static final Context.Key<TreeMaker> treeMakerKey = new Context.Key<>();
  57 
  58     /** Get the TreeMaker instance. */
  59     public static TreeMaker instance(Context context) {
  60         TreeMaker instance = context.get(treeMakerKey);
  61         if (instance == null)
  62             instance = new TreeMaker(context);
  63         return instance;
  64     }
  65 
  66     /** The position at which subsequent trees will be created.
  67      */
  68     public int pos = Position.NOPOS;
  69 
  70     /** The toplevel tree to which created trees belong.
  71      */
  72     public JCCompilationUnit toplevel;
  73 
  74     /** The current name table. */
  75     Names names;
  76 
  77     Types types;
  78 
  79     /** The current symbol table. */
  80     Symtab syms;
  81 
  82     /** Create a tree maker with null toplevel and NOPOS as initial position.
  83      */
  84     protected TreeMaker(Context context) {
  85         context.put(treeMakerKey, this);
  86         this.pos = Position.NOPOS;
  87         this.toplevel = null;
  88         this.names = Names.instance(context);
  89         this.syms = Symtab.instance(context);
  90         this.types = Types.instance(context);
  91     }
  92 
  93     /** Create a tree maker with a given toplevel and FIRSTPOS as initial position.
  94      */
  95     protected TreeMaker(JCCompilationUnit toplevel, Names names, Types types, Symtab syms) {
  96         this.pos = Position.FIRSTPOS;
  97         this.toplevel = toplevel;
  98         this.names = names;
  99         this.types = types;
 100         this.syms = syms;
 101     }
 102 
 103     /** Create a new tree maker for a given toplevel.
 104      */
 105     public TreeMaker forToplevel(JCCompilationUnit toplevel) {
 106         return new TreeMaker(toplevel, names, types, syms);
 107     }
 108 
 109     /** Reassign current position.
 110      */
 111     public TreeMaker at(int pos) {
 112         this.pos = pos;
 113         return this;
 114     }
 115 
 116     /** Reassign current position.
 117      */
 118     public TreeMaker at(DiagnosticPosition pos) {
 119         this.pos = (pos == null ? Position.NOPOS : pos.getStartPosition());
 120         return this;
 121     }
 122 
 123     /**
 124      * Create given tree node at current position.
 125      * @param defs a list of PackageDef, ClassDef, Import, and Skip
 126      */
 127     public JCCompilationUnit TopLevel(List<JCTree> defs) {
 128         for (JCTree node : defs)
 129             Assert.check(node instanceof JCClassDecl
 130                 || node instanceof JCPackageDecl
 131                 || node instanceof JCImport
 132                 || node instanceof JCModuleDecl
 133                 || node instanceof JCSkip
 134                 || node instanceof JCErroneous
 135                 || (node instanceof JCExpressionStatement
 136                     && ((JCExpressionStatement)node).expr instanceof JCErroneous),
 137                     () -> node.getClass().getSimpleName());
 138         JCCompilationUnit tree = new JCCompilationUnit(defs);
 139         tree.pos = pos;
 140         return tree;
 141     }
 142 
 143     public JCPackageDecl PackageDecl(List<JCAnnotation> annotations,
 144                                      JCExpression pid) {
 145         Assert.checkNonNull(annotations);
 146         Assert.checkNonNull(pid);
 147         JCPackageDecl tree = new JCPackageDecl(annotations, pid);
 148         tree.pos = pos;
 149         return tree;
 150     }
 151 
 152     public JCImport Import(JCTree qualid, boolean importStatic) {
 153         JCImport tree = new JCImport(qualid, importStatic);
 154         tree.pos = pos;
 155         return tree;
 156     }
 157 
 158     public JCClassDecl ClassDef(JCModifiers mods,
 159                                 Name name,
 160                                 List<JCTypeParameter> typarams,
 161                                 JCExpression extending,
 162                                 List<JCExpression> implementing,
 163                                 List<JCTree> defs)
 164     {
 165         JCClassDecl tree = new JCClassDecl(mods,
 166                                      name,
 167                                      typarams,
 168                                      extending,
 169                                      implementing,
 170                                      defs,
 171                                      null);
 172         tree.pos = pos;
 173         return tree;
 174     }
 175 
 176     public JCMethodDecl MethodDef(JCModifiers mods,
 177                                Name name,
 178                                JCExpression restype,
 179                                List<JCTypeParameter> typarams,
 180                                List<JCVariableDecl> params,
 181                                List<JCExpression> thrown,
 182                                JCBlock body,
 183                                JCExpression defaultValue) {
 184         return MethodDef(
 185                 mods, name, restype, typarams, null, params,
 186                 thrown, body, defaultValue);
 187     }
 188 
 189     public JCMethodDecl MethodDef(JCModifiers mods,
 190                                Name name,
 191                                JCExpression restype,
 192                                List<JCTypeParameter> typarams,
 193                                JCVariableDecl recvparam,
 194                                List<JCVariableDecl> params,
 195                                List<JCExpression> thrown,
 196                                JCBlock body,
 197                                JCExpression defaultValue)
 198     {
 199         JCMethodDecl tree = new JCMethodDecl(mods,
 200                                        name,
 201                                        restype,
 202                                        typarams,
 203                                        recvparam,
 204                                        params,
 205                                        thrown,
 206                                        body,
 207                                        defaultValue,
 208                                        null);
 209         tree.pos = pos;
 210         return tree;
 211     }
 212 
 213     public JCVariableDecl VarDef(JCModifiers mods, Name name, JCExpression vartype, JCExpression init) {
 214         JCVariableDecl tree = new JCVariableDecl(mods, name, vartype, init, null);
 215         tree.pos = pos;
 216         return tree;
 217     }
 218 
 219     public JCVariableDecl ReceiverVarDef(JCModifiers mods, JCExpression name, JCExpression vartype) {
 220         JCVariableDecl tree = new JCVariableDecl(mods, name, vartype);
 221         tree.pos = pos;
 222         return tree;
 223     }
 224 
 225     public JCSkip Skip() {
 226         JCSkip tree = new JCSkip();
 227         tree.pos = pos;
 228         return tree;
 229     }
 230 
 231     public JCBlock Block(long flags, List<JCStatement> stats) {
 232         JCBlock tree = new JCBlock(flags, stats);
 233         tree.pos = pos;
 234         return tree;
 235     }
 236 
 237     public JCDoWhileLoop DoLoop(JCStatement body, JCExpression cond) {
 238         JCDoWhileLoop tree = new JCDoWhileLoop(body, cond);
 239         tree.pos = pos;
 240         return tree;
 241     }
 242 
 243     public JCWhileLoop WhileLoop(JCExpression cond, JCStatement body) {
 244         JCWhileLoop tree = new JCWhileLoop(cond, body);
 245         tree.pos = pos;
 246         return tree;
 247     }
 248 
 249     public JCForLoop ForLoop(List<JCStatement> init,
 250                            JCExpression cond,
 251                            List<JCExpressionStatement> step,
 252                            JCStatement body)
 253     {
 254         JCForLoop tree = new JCForLoop(init, cond, step, body);
 255         tree.pos = pos;
 256         return tree;
 257     }
 258 
 259     public JCEnhancedForLoop ForeachLoop(JCVariableDecl var, JCExpression expr, JCStatement body) {
 260         JCEnhancedForLoop tree = new JCEnhancedForLoop(var, expr, body);
 261         tree.pos = pos;
 262         return tree;
 263     }
 264 
 265     public JCLabeledStatement Labelled(Name label, JCStatement body) {
 266         JCLabeledStatement tree = new JCLabeledStatement(label, body);
 267         tree.pos = pos;
 268         return tree;
 269     }
 270 
 271     public JCSwitch Switch(JCExpression selector, List<JCCase> cases) {
 272         JCSwitch tree = new JCSwitch(selector, cases);
 273         tree.pos = pos;
 274         return tree;
 275     }
 276 
 277     public JCCase Case(@SuppressWarnings("preview") CaseTree.CaseKind caseKind, List<JCExpression> pats,
 278                        List<JCStatement> stats, JCTree body) {
 279         JCCase tree = new JCCase(caseKind, pats, stats, body);
 280         tree.pos = pos;
 281         return tree;
 282     }
 283 
 284     public JCSwitchExpression SwitchExpression(JCExpression selector, List<JCCase> cases) {
 285         JCSwitchExpression tree = new JCSwitchExpression(selector, cases);
 286         tree.pos = pos;
 287         return tree;
 288     }
 289 
 290     public JCSynchronized Synchronized(JCExpression lock, JCBlock body) {
 291         JCSynchronized tree = new JCSynchronized(lock, body);
 292         tree.pos = pos;
 293         return tree;
 294     }
 295 
 296     public JCTry Try(JCBlock body, List<JCCatch> catchers, JCBlock finalizer) {
 297         return Try(List.nil(), body, catchers, finalizer);
 298     }
 299 
 300     public JCTry Try(List<JCTree> resources,
 301                      JCBlock body,
 302                      List<JCCatch> catchers,
 303                      JCBlock finalizer) {
 304         JCTry tree = new JCTry(resources, body, catchers, finalizer);
 305         tree.pos = pos;
 306         return tree;
 307     }
 308 
 309     public JCCatch Catch(JCVariableDecl param, JCBlock body) {
 310         JCCatch tree = new JCCatch(param, body);
 311         tree.pos = pos;
 312         return tree;
 313     }
 314 
 315     public JCConditional Conditional(JCExpression cond,
 316                                    JCExpression thenpart,
 317                                    JCExpression elsepart)
 318     {
 319         JCConditional tree = new JCConditional(cond, thenpart, elsepart);
 320         tree.pos = pos;
 321         return tree;
 322     }
 323 
 324     public JCIf If(JCExpression cond, JCStatement thenpart, JCStatement elsepart) {
 325         JCIf tree = new JCIf(cond, thenpart, elsepart);
 326         tree.pos = pos;
 327         return tree;
 328     }
 329 
 330     public JCExpressionStatement Exec(JCExpression expr) {
 331         JCExpressionStatement tree = new JCExpressionStatement(expr);
 332         tree.pos = pos;
 333         return tree;
 334     }
 335 
 336     public JCBreak Break(Name label) {
 337         JCBreak tree = new JCBreak(label, null);
 338         tree.pos = pos;
 339         return tree;
 340     }
 341 
 342     public JCYield Yield(JCExpression value) {
 343         JCYield tree = new JCYield(value, null);
 344         tree.pos = pos;
 345         return tree;
 346     }
 347 
 348     public JCContinue Continue(Name label) {
 349         JCContinue tree = new JCContinue(label, null);
 350         tree.pos = pos;
 351         return tree;
 352     }
 353 
 354     public JCReturn Return(JCExpression expr) {
 355         JCReturn tree = new JCReturn(expr);
 356         tree.pos = pos;
 357         return tree;
 358     }
 359 
 360     public JCThrow Throw(JCExpression expr) {
 361         JCThrow tree = new JCThrow(expr);
 362         tree.pos = pos;
 363         return tree;
 364     }
 365 
 366     public JCAssert Assert(JCExpression cond, JCExpression detail) {
 367         JCAssert tree = new JCAssert(cond, detail);
 368         tree.pos = pos;
 369         return tree;
 370     }
 371 
 372     public JCMethodInvocation Apply(List<JCExpression> typeargs,
 373                        JCExpression fn,
 374                        List<JCExpression> args)
 375     {
 376         JCMethodInvocation tree = new JCMethodInvocation(typeargs, fn, args);
 377         tree.pos = pos;
 378         return tree;
 379     }
 380 
 381     public JCNewClass NewClass(JCExpression encl,
 382                              List<JCExpression> typeargs,
 383                              JCExpression clazz,
 384                              List<JCExpression> args,
 385                              JCClassDecl def)
 386     {
 387         return SpeculativeNewClass(encl, typeargs, clazz, args, def, false);
 388     }
 389 
 390     public JCNewClass SpeculativeNewClass(JCExpression encl,
 391                              List<JCExpression> typeargs,
 392                              JCExpression clazz,
 393                              List<JCExpression> args,
 394                              JCClassDecl def,
 395                              boolean classDefRemoved)
 396     {
 397         JCNewClass tree = classDefRemoved ?
 398                 new JCNewClass(encl, typeargs, clazz, args, def) {
 399                     @Override
 400                     public boolean classDeclRemoved() {
 401                         return true;
 402                     }
 403                 } :
 404                 new JCNewClass(encl, typeargs, clazz, args, def);
 405         tree.pos = pos;
 406         return tree;
 407     }
 408 
 409     public JCNewArray NewArray(JCExpression elemtype,
 410                              List<JCExpression> dims,
 411                              List<JCExpression> elems)
 412     {
 413         JCNewArray tree = new JCNewArray(elemtype, dims, elems);
 414         tree.pos = pos;
 415         return tree;
 416     }
 417 
 418     public JCLambda Lambda(List<JCVariableDecl> params,
 419                            JCTree body)
 420     {
 421         JCLambda tree = new JCLambda(params, body);
 422         tree.pos = pos;
 423         return tree;
 424     }
 425 
 426     public JCParens Parens(JCExpression expr) {
 427         JCParens tree = new JCParens(expr);
 428         tree.pos = pos;
 429         return tree;
 430     }
 431 
 432     public JCAssign Assign(JCExpression lhs, JCExpression rhs) {
 433         JCAssign tree = new JCAssign(lhs, rhs);
 434         tree.pos = pos;
 435         return tree;
 436     }
 437 
 438     public JCAssignOp Assignop(JCTree.Tag opcode, JCTree lhs, JCTree rhs) {
 439         JCAssignOp tree = new JCAssignOp(opcode, lhs, rhs, null);
 440         tree.pos = pos;
 441         return tree;
 442     }
 443 
 444     public JCUnary Unary(JCTree.Tag opcode, JCExpression arg) {
 445         JCUnary tree = new JCUnary(opcode, arg);
 446         tree.pos = pos;
 447         return tree;
 448     }
 449 
 450     public JCBinary Binary(JCTree.Tag opcode, JCExpression lhs, JCExpression rhs) {
 451         JCBinary tree = new JCBinary(opcode, lhs, rhs, null);
 452         tree.pos = pos;
 453         return tree;
 454     }
 455 
 456     public JCTypeCast TypeCast(JCTree clazz, JCExpression expr) {
 457         JCTypeCast tree = new JCTypeCast(clazz, expr);
 458         tree.pos = pos;
 459         return tree;
 460     }
 461 
 462     public JCInstanceOf TypeTest(JCExpression expr, JCTree clazz) {
 463         JCInstanceOf tree = new JCInstanceOf(expr, clazz);
 464         tree.pos = pos;
 465         return tree;
 466     }
 467 
 468     public JCArrayAccess Indexed(JCExpression indexed, JCExpression index) {
 469         JCArrayAccess tree = new JCArrayAccess(indexed, index);
 470         tree.pos = pos;
 471         return tree;
 472     }
 473 
 474     public JCFieldAccess Select(JCExpression selected, Name selector) {
 475         JCFieldAccess tree = new JCFieldAccess(selected, selector, null);
 476         tree.pos = pos;
 477         return tree;
 478     }
 479 
 480     public JCMemberReference Reference(JCMemberReference.ReferenceMode mode, Name name,
 481             JCExpression expr, List<JCExpression> typeargs) {
 482         JCMemberReference tree = new JCMemberReference(mode, name, expr, typeargs);
 483         tree.pos = pos;
 484         return tree;
 485     }
 486 
 487     public JCIdent Ident(Name name) {
 488         JCIdent tree = new JCIdent(name, null);
 489         tree.pos = pos;
 490         return tree;
 491     }
 492 
 493     public JCLiteral Literal(TypeTag tag, Object value) {
 494         JCLiteral tree = new JCLiteral(tag, value);
 495         tree.pos = pos;
 496         return tree;
 497     }
 498 
 499     public JCPrimitiveTypeTree TypeIdent(TypeTag typetag) {
 500         JCPrimitiveTypeTree tree = new JCPrimitiveTypeTree(typetag);
 501         tree.pos = pos;
 502         return tree;
 503     }
 504 
 505     public JCArrayTypeTree TypeArray(JCExpression elemtype) {
 506         JCArrayTypeTree tree = new JCArrayTypeTree(elemtype);
 507         tree.pos = pos;
 508         return tree;
 509     }
 510 
 511     public JCTypeApply TypeApply(JCExpression clazz, List<JCExpression> arguments) {
 512         JCTypeApply tree = new JCTypeApply(clazz, arguments);
 513         tree.pos = pos;
 514         return tree;
 515     }
 516 
 517     public JCTypeUnion TypeUnion(List<JCExpression> components) {
 518         JCTypeUnion tree = new JCTypeUnion(components);
 519         tree.pos = pos;
 520         return tree;
 521     }
 522 
 523     public JCTypeIntersection TypeIntersection(List<JCExpression> components) {
 524         JCTypeIntersection tree = new JCTypeIntersection(components);
 525         tree.pos = pos;
 526         return tree;
 527     }
 528 
 529     public JCTypeParameter TypeParameter(Name name, List<JCExpression> bounds) {
 530         return TypeParameter(name, bounds, List.nil());
 531     }
 532 
 533     public JCTypeParameter TypeParameter(Name name, List<JCExpression> bounds, List<JCAnnotation> annos) {
 534         JCTypeParameter tree = new JCTypeParameter(name, bounds, annos);
 535         tree.pos = pos;
 536         return tree;
 537     }
 538 
 539     public JCWildcard Wildcard(TypeBoundKind kind, JCTree type) {
 540         JCWildcard tree = new JCWildcard(kind, type);
 541         tree.pos = pos;
 542         return tree;
 543     }
 544 
 545     public TypeBoundKind TypeBoundKind(BoundKind kind) {
 546         TypeBoundKind tree = new TypeBoundKind(kind);
 547         tree.pos = pos;
 548         return tree;
 549     }
 550 
 551     public JCAnnotation Annotation(JCTree annotationType, List<JCExpression> args) {
 552         JCAnnotation tree = new JCAnnotation(Tag.ANNOTATION, annotationType, args);
 553         tree.pos = pos;
 554         return tree;
 555     }
 556 
 557     public JCAnnotation TypeAnnotation(JCTree annotationType, List<JCExpression> args) {
 558         JCAnnotation tree = new JCAnnotation(Tag.TYPE_ANNOTATION, annotationType, args);
 559         tree.pos = pos;
 560         return tree;
 561     }
 562 
 563     public JCModifiers Modifiers(long flags, List<JCAnnotation> annotations) {
 564         JCModifiers tree = new JCModifiers(flags, annotations);
 565         boolean noFlags = (flags & (Flags.ModifierFlags | Flags.ANNOTATION)) == 0;
 566         tree.pos = (noFlags && annotations.isEmpty()) ? Position.NOPOS : pos;
 567         return tree;
 568     }
 569 
 570     public JCModifiers Modifiers(long flags) {
 571         return Modifiers(flags, List.nil());
 572     }
 573 
 574     @Override
 575     public JCModuleDecl ModuleDef(JCModifiers mods, ModuleKind kind,
 576             JCExpression qualid, List<JCDirective> directives) {
 577         JCModuleDecl tree = new JCModuleDecl(mods, kind, qualid, directives);
 578         tree.pos = pos;
 579         return tree;
 580     }
 581 
 582     @Override
 583     public JCExports Exports(JCExpression qualId, List<JCExpression> moduleNames) {
 584         JCExports tree = new JCExports(qualId, moduleNames);
 585         tree.pos = pos;
 586         return tree;
 587     }
 588 
 589     @Override
 590     public JCOpens Opens(JCExpression qualId, List<JCExpression> moduleNames) {
 591         JCOpens tree = new JCOpens(qualId, moduleNames);
 592         tree.pos = pos;
 593         return tree;
 594     }
 595 
 596     @Override
 597     public JCProvides Provides(JCExpression serviceName, List<JCExpression> implNames) {
 598         JCProvides tree = new JCProvides(serviceName, implNames);
 599         tree.pos = pos;
 600         return tree;
 601     }
 602 
 603     @Override
 604     public JCRequires Requires(boolean isTransitive, boolean isStaticPhase, JCExpression qualId) {
 605         JCRequires tree = new JCRequires(isTransitive, isStaticPhase, qualId);
 606         tree.pos = pos;
 607         return tree;
 608     }
 609 
 610     @Override
 611     public JCUses Uses(JCExpression qualId) {
 612         JCUses tree = new JCUses(qualId);
 613         tree.pos = pos;
 614         return tree;
 615     }
 616 
 617     public JCAnnotatedType AnnotatedType(List<JCAnnotation> annotations, JCExpression underlyingType) {
 618         JCAnnotatedType tree = new JCAnnotatedType(annotations, underlyingType);
 619         tree.pos = pos;
 620         return tree;
 621     }
 622 
 623     public JCErroneous Erroneous() {
 624         return Erroneous(List.nil());
 625     }
 626 
 627     public JCErroneous Erroneous(List<? extends JCTree> errs) {
 628         JCErroneous tree = new JCErroneous(errs);
 629         tree.pos = pos;
 630         return tree;
 631     }
 632 
 633     public LetExpr LetExpr(List<JCStatement> defs, JCExpression expr) {
 634         LetExpr tree = new LetExpr(defs, expr);
 635         tree.pos = pos;
 636         return tree;
 637     }
 638 
 639 /* ***************************************************************************
 640  * Derived building blocks.
 641  ****************************************************************************/
 642 
 643     public JCClassDecl AnonymousClassDef(JCModifiers mods,
 644                                          List<JCTree> defs)
 645     {
 646         return ClassDef(mods,
 647                         names.empty,
 648                         List.nil(),
 649                         null,
 650                         List.nil(),
 651                         defs);
 652     }
 653 
 654     public LetExpr LetExpr(JCVariableDecl def, JCExpression expr) {
 655         LetExpr tree = new LetExpr(List.of(def), expr);
 656         tree.pos = pos;
 657         return tree;
 658     }
 659 
 660     /** Create an identifier from a symbol.
 661      */
 662     public JCIdent Ident(Symbol sym) {
 663         return (JCIdent)new JCIdent((sym.name != names.empty)
 664                                 ? sym.name
 665                                 : sym.flatName(), sym)
 666             .setPos(pos)
 667             .setType(sym.type);
 668     }
 669 
 670     /** Create a selection node from a qualifier tree and a symbol.
 671      *  @param base   The qualifier tree.
 672      */
 673     public JCExpression Select(JCExpression base, Symbol sym) {
 674         return new JCFieldAccess(base, sym.name, sym).setPos(pos).setType(sym.type);
 675     }
 676 
 677     /** Create a qualified identifier from a symbol, adding enough qualifications
 678      *  to make the reference unique.
 679      */
 680     public JCExpression QualIdent(Symbol sym) {
 681         return isUnqualifiable(sym)
 682             ? Ident(sym)
 683             : Select(QualIdent(sym.owner), sym);
 684     }
 685 
 686     /** Create an identifier that refers to the variable declared in given variable
 687      *  declaration.
 688      */
 689     public JCExpression Ident(JCVariableDecl param) {
 690         return Ident(param.sym);
 691     }
 692 
 693     /** Create a list of identifiers referring to the variables declared
 694      *  in given list of variable declarations.
 695      */
 696     public List<JCExpression> Idents(List<JCVariableDecl> params) {
 697         ListBuffer<JCExpression> ids = new ListBuffer<>();
 698         for (List<JCVariableDecl> l = params; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail)
 699             ids.append(Ident(l.head));
 700         return ids.toList();
 701     }
 702 
 703     /** Create a tree representing `this', given its type.
 704      */
 705     public JCExpression This(Type t) {
 706         return Ident(new VarSymbol(FINAL, names._this, t, t.tsym));
 707     }
 708 
 709     /** Create a tree representing qualified `this' given its type
 710      */
 711     public JCExpression QualThis(Type t) {
 712         return Select(Type(t), new VarSymbol(FINAL, names._this, t, t.tsym));
 713     }
 714 
 715     /** Create a tree representing a class literal.
 716      */
 717     public JCExpression ClassLiteral(ClassSymbol clazz) {
 718         return ClassLiteral(clazz.type);
 719     }
 720 
 721     /** Create a tree representing a class literal.
 722      */
 723     public JCExpression ClassLiteral(Type t) {
 724         VarSymbol lit = new VarSymbol(STATIC | PUBLIC | FINAL,
 725                                       names._class,
 726                                       t,
 727                                       t.tsym);
 728         return Select(Type(t), lit);
 729     }
 730 
 731     /** Create a tree representing `super', given its type and owner.
 732      */
 733     public JCIdent Super(Type t, TypeSymbol owner) {
 734         return Ident(new VarSymbol(FINAL, names._super, t, owner));
 735     }
 736 
 737     /**
 738      * Create a method invocation from a method tree and a list of
 739      * argument trees.
 740      */
 741     public JCMethodInvocation App(JCExpression meth, List<JCExpression> args) {
 742         return Apply(null, meth, args).setType(meth.type.getReturnType());
 743     }
 744 
 745     /**
 746      * Create a no-arg method invocation from a method tree
 747      */
 748     public JCMethodInvocation App(JCExpression meth) {
 749         return Apply(null, meth, List.nil()).setType(meth.type.getReturnType());
 750     }
 751 
 752     /** Create a method invocation from a method tree and a list of argument trees.
 753      */
 754     public JCExpression Create(Symbol ctor, List<JCExpression> args) {
 755         Type t = ctor.owner.erasure(types);
 756         JCNewClass newclass = NewClass(null, null, Type(t), args, null);
 757         newclass.constructor = ctor;
 758         newclass.setType(t);
 759         return newclass;
 760     }
 761 
 762     /** Create a tree representing given type.
 763      */
 764     public JCExpression Type(Type t) {
 765         if (t == null) return null;
 766         JCExpression tp;
 767         switch (t.getTag()) {
 768         case BYTE: case CHAR: case SHORT: case INT: case LONG: case FLOAT:
 769         case DOUBLE: case BOOLEAN: case VOID:
 770             tp = TypeIdent(t.getTag());
 771             break;
 772         case TYPEVAR:
 773             tp = Ident(t.tsym);
 774             break;
 775         case WILDCARD: {
 776             WildcardType a = ((WildcardType) t);
 777             tp = Wildcard(TypeBoundKind(a.kind), a.kind == BoundKind.UNBOUND ? null : Type(a.type));
 778             break;
 779         }
 780         case CLASS:
 781             switch (t.getKind()) {
 782             case UNION: {
 783                 UnionClassType tu = (UnionClassType)t;
 784                 ListBuffer<JCExpression> la = new ListBuffer<>();
 785                 for (Type ta : tu.getAlternativeTypes()) {
 786                     la.add(Type(ta));
 787                 }
 788                 tp = TypeUnion(la.toList());
 789                 break;
 790             }
 791             case INTERSECTION: {
 792                 IntersectionClassType it = (IntersectionClassType)t;
 793                 ListBuffer<JCExpression> la = new ListBuffer<>();
 794                 for (Type ta : it.getExplicitComponents()) {
 795                     la.add(Type(ta));
 796                 }
 797                 tp = TypeIntersection(la.toList());
 798                 break;
 799             }
 800             default: {
 801                 Type outer = t.getEnclosingType();
 802                 JCExpression clazz = outer.hasTag(CLASS) && t.tsym.owner.kind == TYP
 803                         ? Select(Type(outer), t.tsym)
 804                         : QualIdent(t.tsym);
 805                 tp = t.getTypeArguments().isEmpty()
 806                         ? clazz
 807                         : TypeApply(clazz, Types(t.getTypeArguments()));
 808                 break;
 809             }
 810             }
 811             break;
 812         case ARRAY:
 813             tp = TypeArray(Type(types.elemtype(t)));
 814             break;
 815         case ERROR:
 816             tp = TypeIdent(ERROR);
 817             break;
 818         default:
 819             throw new AssertionError("unexpected type: " + t);
 820         }
 821         return tp.setType(t);
 822     }
 823 
 824     /** Create a list of trees representing given list of types.
 825      */
 826     public List<JCExpression> Types(List<Type> ts) {
 827         ListBuffer<JCExpression> lb = new ListBuffer<>();
 828         for (List<Type> l = ts; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail)
 829             lb.append(Type(l.head));
 830         return lb.toList();
 831     }
 832 
 833     /** Create a variable definition from a variable symbol and an initializer
 834      *  expression.
 835      */
 836     public JCVariableDecl VarDef(VarSymbol v, JCExpression init) {
 837         return (JCVariableDecl)
 838             new JCVariableDecl(
 839                 Modifiers(v.flags(), Annotations(v.getRawAttributes())),
 840                 v.name,
 841                 Type(v.type),
 842                 init,
 843                 v).setPos(pos).setType(v.type);
 844     }
 845 
 846     /** Create annotation trees from annotations.
 847      */
 848     public List<JCAnnotation> Annotations(List<Attribute.Compound> attributes) {
 849         if (attributes == null) return List.nil();
 850         ListBuffer<JCAnnotation> result = new ListBuffer<>();
 851         for (List<Attribute.Compound> i = attributes; i.nonEmpty(); i=i.tail) {
 852             Attribute a = i.head;
 853             result.append(Annotation(a));
 854         }
 855         return result.toList();
 856     }
 857 
 858     public JCLiteral Literal(Object value) {
 859         JCLiteral result = null;
 860         if (value instanceof String) {
 861             result = Literal(CLASS, value).
 862                 setType(syms.stringType.constType(value));
 863         } else if (value instanceof Integer) {
 864             result = Literal(INT, value).
 865                 setType(syms.intType.constType(value));
 866         } else if (value instanceof Long) {
 867             result = Literal(LONG, value).
 868                 setType(syms.longType.constType(value));
 869         } else if (value instanceof Byte) {
 870             result = Literal(BYTE, value).
 871                 setType(syms.byteType.constType(value));
 872         } else if (value instanceof Character) {
 873             int v = (int) (((Character) value).toString().charAt(0));
 874             result = Literal(CHAR, v).
 875                 setType(syms.charType.constType(v));
 876         } else if (value instanceof Double) {
 877             result = Literal(DOUBLE, value).
 878                 setType(syms.doubleType.constType(value));
 879         } else if (value instanceof Float) {
 880             result = Literal(FLOAT, value).
 881                 setType(syms.floatType.constType(value));
 882         } else if (value instanceof Short) {
 883             result = Literal(SHORT, value).
 884                 setType(syms.shortType.constType(value));
 885         } else if (value instanceof Boolean) {
 886             int v = ((Boolean) value) ? 1 : 0;
 887             result = Literal(BOOLEAN, v).
 888                 setType(syms.booleanType.constType(v));
 889         } else {
 890             throw new AssertionError(value);
 891         }
 892         return result;
 893     }
 894 
 895     class AnnotationBuilder implements Attribute.Visitor {
 896         JCExpression result = null;
 897         public void visitConstant(Attribute.Constant v) {
 898             result = Literal(v.type.getTag(), v.value);
 899         }
 900         public void visitClass(Attribute.Class clazz) {
 901             result = ClassLiteral(clazz.classType).setType(syms.classType);
 902         }
 903         public void visitEnum(Attribute.Enum e) {
 904             result = QualIdent(e.value);
 905         }
 906         public void visitError(Attribute.Error e) {
 907             if (e instanceof UnresolvedClass) {
 908                 result = ClassLiteral(((UnresolvedClass) e).classType).setType(syms.classType);
 909             } else {
 910                 result = Erroneous();
 911             }
 912         }
 913         public void visitCompound(Attribute.Compound compound) {
 914             if (compound instanceof Attribute.TypeCompound) {
 915                 result = visitTypeCompoundInternal((Attribute.TypeCompound) compound);
 916             } else {
 917                 result = visitCompoundInternal(compound);
 918             }
 919         }
 920         public JCAnnotation visitCompoundInternal(Attribute.Compound compound) {
 921             ListBuffer<JCExpression> args = new ListBuffer<>();
 922             for (List<Pair<Symbol.MethodSymbol,Attribute>> values = compound.values; values.nonEmpty(); values=values.tail) {
 923                 Pair<MethodSymbol,Attribute> pair = values.head;
 924                 JCExpression valueTree = translate(pair.snd);
 925                 args.append(Assign(Ident(pair.fst), valueTree).setType(valueTree.type));
 926             }
 927             return Annotation(Type(compound.type), args.toList());
 928         }
 929         public JCAnnotation visitTypeCompoundInternal(Attribute.TypeCompound compound) {
 930             ListBuffer<JCExpression> args = new ListBuffer<>();
 931             for (List<Pair<Symbol.MethodSymbol,Attribute>> values = compound.values; values.nonEmpty(); values=values.tail) {
 932                 Pair<MethodSymbol,Attribute> pair = values.head;
 933                 JCExpression valueTree = translate(pair.snd);
 934                 args.append(Assign(Ident(pair.fst), valueTree).setType(valueTree.type));
 935             }
 936             return TypeAnnotation(Type(compound.type), args.toList());
 937         }
 938         public void visitArray(Attribute.Array array) {
 939             ListBuffer<JCExpression> elems = new ListBuffer<>();
 940             for (int i = 0; i < array.values.length; i++)
 941                 elems.append(translate(array.values[i]));
 942             result = NewArray(null, List.nil(), elems.toList()).setType(array.type);
 943         }
 944         JCExpression translate(Attribute a) {
 945             a.accept(this);
 946             return result;
 947         }
 948         JCAnnotation translate(Attribute.Compound a) {
 949             return visitCompoundInternal(a);
 950         }
 951         JCAnnotation translate(Attribute.TypeCompound a) {
 952             return visitTypeCompoundInternal(a);
 953         }
 954     }
 955 
 956     AnnotationBuilder annotationBuilder = new AnnotationBuilder();
 957 
 958     /** Create an annotation tree from an attribute.
 959      */
 960     public JCAnnotation Annotation(Attribute a) {
 961         return annotationBuilder.translate((Attribute.Compound)a);
 962     }
 963 
 964     public JCAnnotation TypeAnnotation(Attribute a) {
 965         return annotationBuilder.translate((Attribute.TypeCompound) a);
 966     }
 967 
 968     /** Create a method definition from a method symbol and a method body.
 969      */
 970     public JCMethodDecl MethodDef(MethodSymbol m, JCBlock body) {
 971         return MethodDef(m, m.type, body);
 972     }
 973 
 974     /** Create a method definition from a method symbol, method type
 975      *  and a method body.
 976      */
 977     public JCMethodDecl MethodDef(MethodSymbol m, Type mtype, JCBlock body) {
 978         return (JCMethodDecl)
 979             new JCMethodDecl(
 980                 Modifiers(m.flags(), Annotations(m.getRawAttributes())),
 981                 m.name,
 982                 Type(mtype.getReturnType()),
 983                 TypeParams(mtype.getTypeArguments()),
 984                 null, // receiver type
 985                 Params(mtype.getParameterTypes(), m),
 986                 Types(mtype.getThrownTypes()),
 987                 body,
 988                 null,
 989                 m).setPos(pos).setType(mtype);
 990     }
 991 
 992     /** Create a type parameter tree from its name and type.
 993      */
 994     public JCTypeParameter TypeParam(Name name, TypeVar tvar) {
 995         return (JCTypeParameter)
 996             TypeParameter(name, Types(types.getBounds(tvar))).setPos(pos).setType(tvar);
 997     }
 998 
 999     /** Create a list of type parameter trees from a list of type variables.
1000      */
1001     public List<JCTypeParameter> TypeParams(List<Type> typarams) {
1002         ListBuffer<JCTypeParameter> tparams = new ListBuffer<>();
1003         for (List<Type> l = typarams; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail)
1004             tparams.append(TypeParam(l.head.tsym.name, (TypeVar)l.head));
1005         return tparams.toList();
1006     }
1007 
1008     /** Create a value parameter tree from its name, type, and owner.
1009      */
1010     public JCVariableDecl Param(Name name, Type argtype, Symbol owner) {
1011         return VarDef(new VarSymbol(PARAMETER, name, argtype, owner), null);
1012     }
1013 
1014     /** Create a a list of value parameter trees x0, ..., xn from a list of
1015      *  their types and an their owner.
1016      */
1017     public List<JCVariableDecl> Params(List<Type> argtypes, Symbol owner) {
1018         ListBuffer<JCVariableDecl> params = new ListBuffer<>();
1019         MethodSymbol mth = (owner.kind == MTH) ? ((MethodSymbol)owner) : null;
1020         if (mth != null && mth.params != null && argtypes.length() == mth.params.length()) {
1021             for (VarSymbol param : ((MethodSymbol)owner).params)
1022                 params.append(VarDef(param, null));
1023         } else {
1024             int i = 0;
1025             for (List<Type> l = argtypes; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail)
1026                 params.append(Param(paramName(i++), l.head, owner));
1027         }
1028         return params.toList();
1029     }
1030 
1031     /** Wrap a method invocation in an expression statement or return statement,
1032      *  depending on whether the method invocation expression's type is void.
1033      */
1034     public JCStatement Call(JCExpression apply) {
1035         return apply.type.hasTag(VOID) ? Exec(apply) : Return(apply);
1036     }
1037 
1038     /** Construct an assignment from a variable symbol and a right hand side.
1039      */
1040     public JCStatement Assignment(Symbol v, JCExpression rhs) {
1041         return Exec(Assign(Ident(v), rhs).setType(v.type));
1042     }
1043 
1044     /** Construct an index expression from a variable and an expression.
1045      */
1046     public JCArrayAccess Indexed(Symbol v, JCExpression index) {
1047         JCArrayAccess tree = new JCArrayAccess(QualIdent(v), index);
1048         tree.type = ((ArrayType)v.type).elemtype;
1049         return tree;
1050     }
1051 
1052     /** Make an attributed type cast expression.
1053      */
1054     public JCTypeCast TypeCast(Type type, JCExpression expr) {
1055         return (JCTypeCast)TypeCast(Type(type), expr).setType(type);
1056     }
1057 
1058 /* ***************************************************************************
1059  * Helper methods.
1060  ****************************************************************************/
1061 
1062     /** Can given symbol be referred to in unqualified form?
1063      */
1064     boolean isUnqualifiable(Symbol sym) {
1065         if (sym.name == names.empty ||
1066             sym.owner == null ||
1067             sym.owner == syms.rootPackage ||
1068             sym.owner.kind == MTH || sym.owner.kind == VAR) {
1069             return true;
1070         } else if (sym.kind == TYP && toplevel != null) {
1071             Iterator<Symbol> it = toplevel.namedImportScope.getSymbolsByName(sym.name).iterator();
1072             if (it.hasNext()) {
1073                 Symbol s = it.next();
1074                 return
1075                   s == sym &&
1076                   !it.hasNext();
1077             }
1078             it = toplevel.packge.members().getSymbolsByName(sym.name).iterator();
1079             if (it.hasNext()) {
1080                 Symbol s = it.next();
1081                 return
1082                   s == sym &&
1083                   !it.hasNext();
1084             }
1085             it = toplevel.starImportScope.getSymbolsByName(sym.name).iterator();
1086             if (it.hasNext()) {
1087                 Symbol s = it.next();
1088                 return
1089                   s == sym &&
1090                   !it.hasNext();
1091             }
1092         }
1093         return false;
1094     }
1095 
1096     /** The name of synthetic parameter number `i'.
1097      */
1098     public Name paramName(int i)   { return names.fromString("x" + i); }
1099 
1100     /** The name of synthetic type parameter number `i'.
1101      */
1102     public Name typaramName(int i) { return names.fromString("A" + i); }
1103 }