1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2002, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  27 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
  28 #include "gc/parallel/cardTableExtension.hpp"
  29 #include "gc/parallel/gcTaskManager.hpp"
  30 #include "gc/parallel/parallelScavengeHeap.hpp"
  31 #include "gc/parallel/psAdaptiveSizePolicy.hpp"
  32 #include "gc/parallel/psMarkSweep.hpp"
  33 #include "gc/parallel/psParallelCompact.hpp"
  34 #include "gc/parallel/psScavenge.inline.hpp"
  35 #include "gc/parallel/psTasks.hpp"
  36 #include "gc/shared/collectorPolicy.hpp"
  37 #include "gc/shared/gcCause.hpp"
  38 #include "gc/shared/gcHeapSummary.hpp"
  39 #include "gc/shared/gcLocker.inline.hpp"
  40 #include "gc/shared/gcTimer.hpp"
  41 #include "gc/shared/gcTrace.hpp"
  42 #include "gc/shared/gcTraceTime.hpp"
  43 #include "gc/shared/isGCActiveMark.hpp"
  44 #include "gc/shared/referencePolicy.hpp"
  45 #include "gc/shared/referenceProcessor.hpp"
  46 #include "gc/shared/spaceDecorator.hpp"
  47 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  48 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/biasedLocking.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/fprofiler.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/threadCritical.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
  54 #include "runtime/vm_operations.hpp"
  55 #include "services/memoryService.hpp"
  56 #include "utilities/stack.inline.hpp"
  57 
  58 HeapWord*                  PSScavenge::_to_space_top_before_gc = NULL;
  59 int                        PSScavenge::_consecutive_skipped_scavenges = 0;
  60 ReferenceProcessor*        PSScavenge::_ref_processor = NULL;
  61 CardTableExtension*        PSScavenge::_card_table = NULL;
  62 bool                       PSScavenge::_survivor_overflow = false;
  63 uint                       PSScavenge::_tenuring_threshold = 0;
  64 HeapWord*                  PSScavenge::_young_generation_boundary = NULL;
  65 uintptr_t                  PSScavenge::_young_generation_boundary_compressed = 0;
  66 elapsedTimer               PSScavenge::_accumulated_time;
  67 STWGCTimer                 PSScavenge::_gc_timer;
  68 ParallelScavengeTracer     PSScavenge::_gc_tracer;
  69 Stack<markOop, mtGC>       PSScavenge::_preserved_mark_stack;
  70 Stack<oop, mtGC>           PSScavenge::_preserved_oop_stack;
  71 CollectorCounters*         PSScavenge::_counters = NULL;
  72 
  73 // Define before use
  74 class PSIsAliveClosure: public BoolObjectClosure {
  75 public:
  76   bool do_object_b(oop p) {
  77     return (!PSScavenge::is_obj_in_young(p)) || p->is_forwarded();
  78   }
  79 };
  80 
  81 PSIsAliveClosure PSScavenge::_is_alive_closure;
  82 
  83 class PSKeepAliveClosure: public OopClosure {
  84 protected:
  85   MutableSpace* _to_space;
  86   PSPromotionManager* _promotion_manager;
  87 
  88 public:
  89   PSKeepAliveClosure(PSPromotionManager* pm) : _promotion_manager(pm) {
  90     ParallelScavengeHeap* heap = ParallelScavengeHeap::heap();
  91     _to_space = heap->young_gen()->to_space();
  92 
  93     assert(_promotion_manager != NULL, "Sanity");
  94   }
  95 
  96   template <class T> void do_oop_work(T* p) {
  97     assert (!oopDesc::is_null(*p), "expected non-null ref");
  98     assert ((oopDesc::load_decode_heap_oop_not_null(p))->is_oop(),
  99             "expected an oop while scanning weak refs");
 100 
 101     // Weak refs may be visited more than once.
 102     if (PSScavenge::should_scavenge(p, _to_space)) {
 103       _promotion_manager->copy_and_push_safe_barrier<T, /*promote_immediately=*/false>(p);
 104     }
 105   }
 106   virtual void do_oop(oop* p)       { PSKeepAliveClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
 107   virtual void do_oop(narrowOop* p) { PSKeepAliveClosure::do_oop_work(p); }
 108 };
 109 
 110 class PSEvacuateFollowersClosure: public VoidClosure {
 111  private:
 112   PSPromotionManager* _promotion_manager;
 113  public:
 114   PSEvacuateFollowersClosure(PSPromotionManager* pm) : _promotion_manager(pm) {}
 115 
 116   virtual void do_void() {
 117     assert(_promotion_manager != NULL, "Sanity");
 118     _promotion_manager->drain_stacks(true);
 119     guarantee(_promotion_manager->stacks_empty(),
 120               "stacks should be empty at this point");
 121   }
 122 };
 123 
 124 class PSPromotionFailedClosure : public ObjectClosure {
 125   virtual void do_object(oop obj) {
 126     if (obj->is_forwarded()) {
 127       obj->init_mark();
 128     }
 129   }
 130 };
 131 
 132 class PSRefProcTaskProxy: public GCTask {
 133   typedef AbstractRefProcTaskExecutor::ProcessTask ProcessTask;
 134   ProcessTask & _rp_task;
 135   uint          _work_id;
 136 public:
 137   PSRefProcTaskProxy(ProcessTask & rp_task, uint work_id)
 138     : _rp_task(rp_task),
 139       _work_id(work_id)
 140   { }
 141 
 142 private:
 143   virtual char* name() { return (char *)"Process referents by policy in parallel"; }
 144   virtual void do_it(GCTaskManager* manager, uint which);
 145 };
 146 
 147 void PSRefProcTaskProxy::do_it(GCTaskManager* manager, uint which)
 148 {
 149   PSPromotionManager* promotion_manager =
 150     PSPromotionManager::gc_thread_promotion_manager(which);
 151   assert(promotion_manager != NULL, "sanity check");
 152   PSKeepAliveClosure keep_alive(promotion_manager);
 153   PSEvacuateFollowersClosure evac_followers(promotion_manager);
 154   PSIsAliveClosure is_alive;
 155   _rp_task.work(_work_id, is_alive, keep_alive, evac_followers);
 156 }
 157 
 158 class PSRefEnqueueTaskProxy: public GCTask {
 159   typedef AbstractRefProcTaskExecutor::EnqueueTask EnqueueTask;
 160   EnqueueTask& _enq_task;
 161   uint         _work_id;
 162 
 163 public:
 164   PSRefEnqueueTaskProxy(EnqueueTask& enq_task, uint work_id)
 165     : _enq_task(enq_task),
 166       _work_id(work_id)
 167   { }
 168 
 169   virtual char* name() { return (char *)"Enqueue reference objects in parallel"; }
 170   virtual void do_it(GCTaskManager* manager, uint which)
 171   {
 172     _enq_task.work(_work_id);
 173   }
 174 };
 175 
 176 class PSRefProcTaskExecutor: public AbstractRefProcTaskExecutor {
 177   virtual void execute(ProcessTask& task);
 178   virtual void execute(EnqueueTask& task);
 179 };
 180 
 181 void PSRefProcTaskExecutor::execute(ProcessTask& task)
 182 {
 183   GCTaskQueue* q = GCTaskQueue::create();
 184   GCTaskManager* manager = ParallelScavengeHeap::gc_task_manager();
 185   for(uint i=0; i < manager->active_workers(); i++) {
 186     q->enqueue(new PSRefProcTaskProxy(task, i));
 187   }
 188   ParallelTaskTerminator terminator(manager->active_workers(),
 189                  (TaskQueueSetSuper*) PSPromotionManager::stack_array_depth());
 190   if (task.marks_oops_alive() && manager->active_workers() > 1) {
 191     for (uint j = 0; j < manager->active_workers(); j++) {
 192       q->enqueue(new StealTask(&terminator));
 193     }
 194   }
 195   manager->execute_and_wait(q);
 196 }
 197 
 198 
 199 void PSRefProcTaskExecutor::execute(EnqueueTask& task)
 200 {
 201   GCTaskQueue* q = GCTaskQueue::create();
 202   GCTaskManager* manager = ParallelScavengeHeap::gc_task_manager();
 203   for(uint i=0; i < manager->active_workers(); i++) {
 204     q->enqueue(new PSRefEnqueueTaskProxy(task, i));
 205   }
 206   manager->execute_and_wait(q);
 207 }
 208 
 209 // This method contains all heap specific policy for invoking scavenge.
 210 // PSScavenge::invoke_no_policy() will do nothing but attempt to
 211 // scavenge. It will not clean up after failed promotions, bail out if
 212 // we've exceeded policy time limits, or any other special behavior.
 213 // All such policy should be placed here.
 214 //
 215 // Note that this method should only be called from the vm_thread while
 216 // at a safepoint!
 217 bool PSScavenge::invoke() {
 218   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "should be at safepoint");
 219   assert(Thread::current() == (Thread*)VMThread::vm_thread(), "should be in vm thread");
 220   assert(!ParallelScavengeHeap::heap()->is_gc_active(), "not reentrant");
 221 
 222   ParallelScavengeHeap* const heap = ParallelScavengeHeap::heap();
 223   PSAdaptiveSizePolicy* policy = heap->size_policy();
 224   IsGCActiveMark mark;
 225 
 226   const bool scavenge_done = PSScavenge::invoke_no_policy();
 227   const bool need_full_gc = !scavenge_done ||
 228     policy->should_full_GC(heap->old_gen()->free_in_bytes());
 229   bool full_gc_done = false;
 230 
 231   if (UsePerfData) {
 232     PSGCAdaptivePolicyCounters* const counters = heap->gc_policy_counters();
 233     const int ffs_val = need_full_gc ? full_follows_scavenge : not_skipped;
 234     counters->update_full_follows_scavenge(ffs_val);
 235   }
 236 
 237   if (need_full_gc) {
 238     GCCauseSetter gccs(heap, GCCause::_adaptive_size_policy);
 239     CollectorPolicy* cp = heap->collector_policy();
 240     const bool clear_all_softrefs = cp->should_clear_all_soft_refs();
 241 
 242     if (UseParallelOldGC) {
 243       full_gc_done = PSParallelCompact::invoke_no_policy(clear_all_softrefs);
 244     } else {
 245       full_gc_done = PSMarkSweep::invoke_no_policy(clear_all_softrefs);
 246     }
 247   }
 248 
 249   return full_gc_done;
 250 }
 251 
 252 // This method contains no policy. You should probably
 253 // be calling invoke() instead.
 254 bool PSScavenge::invoke_no_policy() {
 255   assert(SafepointSynchronize::is_at_safepoint(), "should be at safepoint");
 256   assert(Thread::current() == (Thread*)VMThread::vm_thread(), "should be in vm thread");
 257 
 258   assert(_preserved_mark_stack.is_empty(), "should be empty");
 259   assert(_preserved_oop_stack.is_empty(), "should be empty");
 260 
 261   _gc_timer.register_gc_start();
 262 
 263   TimeStamp scavenge_entry;
 264   TimeStamp scavenge_midpoint;
 265   TimeStamp scavenge_exit;
 266 
 267   scavenge_entry.update();
 268 
 269   if (GC_locker::check_active_before_gc()) {
 270     return false;
 271   }
 272 
 273   ParallelScavengeHeap* heap = ParallelScavengeHeap::heap();
 274   GCCause::Cause gc_cause = heap->gc_cause();
 275 
 276   // Check for potential problems.
 277   if (!should_attempt_scavenge()) {
 278     return false;
 279   }
 280 
 281   _gc_tracer.report_gc_start(heap->gc_cause(), _gc_timer.gc_start());
 282 
 283   bool promotion_failure_occurred = false;
 284 
 285   PSYoungGen* young_gen = heap->young_gen();
 286   PSOldGen* old_gen = heap->old_gen();
 287   PSAdaptiveSizePolicy* size_policy = heap->size_policy();
 288 
 289   heap->increment_total_collections();
 290 
 291   AdaptiveSizePolicyOutput(size_policy, heap->total_collections());
 292 
 293   if (!GCCause::is_user_requested_gc(gc_cause) ||
 294        UseAdaptiveSizePolicyWithSystemGC) {
 295     // Gather the feedback data for eden occupancy.
 296     young_gen->eden_space()->accumulate_statistics();
 297   }
 298 
 299   if (ZapUnusedHeapArea) {
 300     // Save information needed to minimize mangling
 301     heap->record_gen_tops_before_GC();
 302   }
 303 
 304   heap->print_heap_before_gc();
 305   heap->trace_heap_before_gc(&_gc_tracer);
 306 
 307   assert(!NeverTenure || _tenuring_threshold == markOopDesc::max_age + 1, "Sanity");
 308   assert(!AlwaysTenure || _tenuring_threshold == 0, "Sanity");
 309 
 310   size_t prev_used = heap->used();
 311 
 312   // Fill in TLABs
 313   heap->accumulate_statistics_all_tlabs();
 314   heap->ensure_parsability(true);  // retire TLABs
 315 
 316   if (VerifyBeforeGC && heap->total_collections() >= VerifyGCStartAt) {
 317     HandleMark hm;  // Discard invalid handles created during verification
 318     Universe::verify(" VerifyBeforeGC:");
 319   }
 320 
 321   {
 322     ResourceMark rm;
 323     HandleMark hm;
 324 
 325     TraceCPUTime tcpu(PrintGCDetails, true, gclog_or_tty);
 326     GCTraceTime t1(GCCauseString("GC", gc_cause), PrintGC, !PrintGCDetails, NULL, _gc_tracer.gc_id());
 327     TraceCollectorStats tcs(counters());
 328     TraceMemoryManagerStats tms(false /* not full GC */,gc_cause);
 329 
 330     if (TraceYoungGenTime) accumulated_time()->start();
 331 
 332     // Let the size policy know we're starting
 333     size_policy->minor_collection_begin();
 334 
 335     // Verify the object start arrays.
 336     if (VerifyObjectStartArray &&
 337         VerifyBeforeGC) {
 338       old_gen->verify_object_start_array();
 339     }
 340 
 341     // Verify no unmarked old->young roots
 342     if (VerifyRememberedSets) {
 343       CardTableExtension::verify_all_young_refs_imprecise();
 344     }
 345 
 346     if (!ScavengeWithObjectsInToSpace) {
 347       assert(young_gen->to_space()->is_empty(),
 348              "Attempt to scavenge with live objects in to_space");
 349       young_gen->to_space()->clear(SpaceDecorator::Mangle);
 350     } else if (ZapUnusedHeapArea) {
 351       young_gen->to_space()->mangle_unused_area();
 352     }
 353     save_to_space_top_before_gc();
 354 
 355     COMPILER2_PRESENT(DerivedPointerTable::clear());
 356 
 357     reference_processor()->enable_discovery();
 358     reference_processor()->setup_policy(false);
 359 
 360     // We track how much was promoted to the next generation for
 361     // the AdaptiveSizePolicy.
 362     size_t old_gen_used_before = old_gen->used_in_bytes();
 363 
 364     // For PrintGCDetails
 365     size_t young_gen_used_before = young_gen->used_in_bytes();
 366 
 367     // Reset our survivor overflow.
 368     set_survivor_overflow(false);
 369 
 370     // We need to save the old top values before
 371     // creating the promotion_manager. We pass the top
 372     // values to the card_table, to prevent it from
 373     // straying into the promotion labs.
 374     HeapWord* old_top = old_gen->object_space()->top();
 375 
 376     // Release all previously held resources
 377     gc_task_manager()->release_all_resources();
 378 
 379     // Set the number of GC threads to be used in this collection
 380     gc_task_manager()->set_active_gang();
 381     gc_task_manager()->task_idle_workers();
 382     // Get the active number of workers here and use that value
 383     // throughout the methods.
 384     uint active_workers = gc_task_manager()->active_workers();
 385 
 386     PSPromotionManager::pre_scavenge();
 387 
 388     // We'll use the promotion manager again later.
 389     PSPromotionManager* promotion_manager = PSPromotionManager::vm_thread_promotion_manager();
 390     {
 391       GCTraceTime tm("Scavenge", false, false, &_gc_timer, _gc_tracer.gc_id());
 392       ParallelScavengeHeap::ParStrongRootsScope psrs;
 393 
 394       GCTaskQueue* q = GCTaskQueue::create();
 395 
 396       if (!old_gen->object_space()->is_empty()) {
 397         // There are only old-to-young pointers if there are objects
 398         // in the old gen.
 399         uint stripe_total = active_workers;
 400         for(uint i=0; i < stripe_total; i++) {
 401           q->enqueue(new OldToYoungRootsTask(old_gen, old_top, i, stripe_total));
 402         }
 403       }
 404 
 405       q->enqueue(new ScavengeRootsTask(ScavengeRootsTask::universe));
 406       q->enqueue(new ScavengeRootsTask(ScavengeRootsTask::jni_handles));
 407       // We scan the thread roots in parallel
 408       Threads::create_thread_roots_tasks(q);
 409       q->enqueue(new ScavengeRootsTask(ScavengeRootsTask::object_synchronizer));
 410       q->enqueue(new ScavengeRootsTask(ScavengeRootsTask::flat_profiler));
 411       q->enqueue(new ScavengeRootsTask(ScavengeRootsTask::management));
 412       q->enqueue(new ScavengeRootsTask(ScavengeRootsTask::system_dictionary));
 413       q->enqueue(new ScavengeRootsTask(ScavengeRootsTask::class_loader_data));
 414       q->enqueue(new ScavengeRootsTask(ScavengeRootsTask::jvmti));
 415       q->enqueue(new ScavengeRootsTask(ScavengeRootsTask::code_cache));
 416 
 417       ParallelTaskTerminator terminator(
 418         active_workers,
 419                   (TaskQueueSetSuper*) promotion_manager->stack_array_depth());
 420       if (active_workers > 1) {
 421         for (uint j = 0; j < active_workers; j++) {
 422           q->enqueue(new StealTask(&terminator));
 423         }
 424       }
 425 
 426       gc_task_manager()->execute_and_wait(q);
 427     }
 428 
 429     scavenge_midpoint.update();
 430 
 431     // Process reference objects discovered during scavenge
 432     {
 433       GCTraceTime tm("References", false, false, &_gc_timer, _gc_tracer.gc_id());
 434 
 435       reference_processor()->setup_policy(false); // not always_clear
 436       reference_processor()->set_active_mt_degree(active_workers);
 437       PSKeepAliveClosure keep_alive(promotion_manager);
 438       PSEvacuateFollowersClosure evac_followers(promotion_manager);
 439       ReferenceProcessorStats stats;
 440       if (reference_processor()->processing_is_mt()) {
 441         PSRefProcTaskExecutor task_executor;
 442         stats = reference_processor()->process_discovered_references(
 443           &_is_alive_closure, &keep_alive, &evac_followers, &task_executor,
 444           &_gc_timer, _gc_tracer.gc_id());
 445       } else {
 446         stats = reference_processor()->process_discovered_references(
 447           &_is_alive_closure, &keep_alive, &evac_followers, NULL, &_gc_timer, _gc_tracer.gc_id());
 448       }
 449 
 450       _gc_tracer.report_gc_reference_stats(stats);
 451 
 452       // Enqueue reference objects discovered during scavenge.
 453       if (reference_processor()->processing_is_mt()) {
 454         PSRefProcTaskExecutor task_executor;
 455         reference_processor()->enqueue_discovered_references(&task_executor);
 456       } else {
 457         reference_processor()->enqueue_discovered_references(NULL);
 458       }
 459     }
 460 
 461     {
 462       GCTraceTime tm("StringTable", false, false, &_gc_timer, _gc_tracer.gc_id());
 463       // Unlink any dead interned Strings and process the remaining live ones.
 464       PSScavengeRootsClosure root_closure(promotion_manager);
 465       StringTable::unlink_or_oops_do(&_is_alive_closure, &root_closure);
 466     }
 467 
 468     // Finally, flush the promotion_manager's labs, and deallocate its stacks.
 469     promotion_failure_occurred = PSPromotionManager::post_scavenge(_gc_tracer);
 470     if (promotion_failure_occurred) {
 471       clean_up_failed_promotion();
 472       if (PrintGC) {
 473         gclog_or_tty->print("--");
 474       }
 475     }
 476 
 477     // Let the size policy know we're done.  Note that we count promotion
 478     // failure cleanup time as part of the collection (otherwise, we're
 479     // implicitly saying it's mutator time).
 480     size_policy->minor_collection_end(gc_cause);
 481 
 482     if (!promotion_failure_occurred) {
 483       // Swap the survivor spaces.
 484       young_gen->eden_space()->clear(SpaceDecorator::Mangle);
 485       young_gen->from_space()->clear(SpaceDecorator::Mangle);
 486       young_gen->swap_spaces();
 487 
 488       size_t survived = young_gen->from_space()->used_in_bytes();
 489       size_t promoted = old_gen->used_in_bytes() - old_gen_used_before;
 490       size_policy->update_averages(_survivor_overflow, survived, promoted);
 491 
 492       // A successful scavenge should restart the GC time limit count which is
 493       // for full GC's.
 494       size_policy->reset_gc_overhead_limit_count();
 495       if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
 496         // Calculate the new survivor size and tenuring threshold
 497 
 498         if (PrintAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
 499           gclog_or_tty->print("AdaptiveSizeStart: ");
 500           gclog_or_tty->stamp();
 501           gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" collection: %d ",
 502                          heap->total_collections());
 503 
 504           if (Verbose) {
 505             gclog_or_tty->print("old_gen_capacity: " SIZE_FORMAT
 506               " young_gen_capacity: " SIZE_FORMAT,
 507               old_gen->capacity_in_bytes(), young_gen->capacity_in_bytes());
 508           }
 509         }
 510 
 511 
 512         if (UsePerfData) {
 513           PSGCAdaptivePolicyCounters* counters = heap->gc_policy_counters();
 514           counters->update_old_eden_size(
 515             size_policy->calculated_eden_size_in_bytes());
 516           counters->update_old_promo_size(
 517             size_policy->calculated_promo_size_in_bytes());
 518           counters->update_old_capacity(old_gen->capacity_in_bytes());
 519           counters->update_young_capacity(young_gen->capacity_in_bytes());
 520           counters->update_survived(survived);
 521           counters->update_promoted(promoted);
 522           counters->update_survivor_overflowed(_survivor_overflow);
 523         }
 524 
 525         size_t max_young_size = young_gen->max_size();
 526 
 527         // Deciding a free ratio in the young generation is tricky, so if
 528         // MinHeapFreeRatio or MaxHeapFreeRatio are in use (implicating
 529         // that the old generation size may have been limited because of them) we
 530         // should then limit our young generation size using NewRatio to have it
 531         // follow the old generation size.
 532         if (MinHeapFreeRatio != 0 || MaxHeapFreeRatio != 100) {
 533           max_young_size = MIN2(old_gen->capacity_in_bytes() / NewRatio, young_gen->max_size());
 534         }
 535 
 536         size_t survivor_limit =
 537           size_policy->max_survivor_size(max_young_size);
 538         _tenuring_threshold =
 539           size_policy->compute_survivor_space_size_and_threshold(
 540                                                            _survivor_overflow,
 541                                                            _tenuring_threshold,
 542                                                            survivor_limit);
 543 
 544        if (PrintTenuringDistribution) {
 545          gclog_or_tty->cr();
 546          gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Desired survivor size " SIZE_FORMAT " bytes, new threshold %u"
 547                                 " (max threshold " UINTX_FORMAT ")",
 548                                 size_policy->calculated_survivor_size_in_bytes(),
 549                                 _tenuring_threshold, MaxTenuringThreshold);
 550        }
 551 
 552         if (UsePerfData) {
 553           PSGCAdaptivePolicyCounters* counters = heap->gc_policy_counters();
 554           counters->update_tenuring_threshold(_tenuring_threshold);
 555           counters->update_survivor_size_counters();
 556         }
 557 
 558         // Do call at minor collections?
 559         // Don't check if the size_policy is ready at this
 560         // level.  Let the size_policy check that internally.
 561         if (UseAdaptiveGenerationSizePolicyAtMinorCollection &&
 562             ((gc_cause != GCCause::_java_lang_system_gc) ||
 563               UseAdaptiveSizePolicyWithSystemGC)) {
 564 
 565           // Calculate optimal free space amounts
 566           assert(young_gen->max_size() >
 567             young_gen->from_space()->capacity_in_bytes() +
 568             young_gen->to_space()->capacity_in_bytes(),
 569             "Sizes of space in young gen are out-of-bounds");
 570 
 571           size_t young_live = young_gen->used_in_bytes();
 572           size_t eden_live = young_gen->eden_space()->used_in_bytes();
 573           size_t cur_eden = young_gen->eden_space()->capacity_in_bytes();
 574           size_t max_old_gen_size = old_gen->max_gen_size();
 575           size_t max_eden_size = max_young_size -
 576             young_gen->from_space()->capacity_in_bytes() -
 577             young_gen->to_space()->capacity_in_bytes();
 578 
 579           // Used for diagnostics
 580           size_policy->clear_generation_free_space_flags();
 581 
 582           size_policy->compute_eden_space_size(young_live,
 583                                                eden_live,
 584                                                cur_eden,
 585                                                max_eden_size,
 586                                                false /* not full gc*/);
 587 
 588           size_policy->check_gc_overhead_limit(young_live,
 589                                                eden_live,
 590                                                max_old_gen_size,
 591                                                max_eden_size,
 592                                                false /* not full gc*/,
 593                                                gc_cause,
 594                                                heap->collector_policy());
 595 
 596           size_policy->decay_supplemental_growth(false /* not full gc*/);
 597         }
 598         // Resize the young generation at every collection
 599         // even if new sizes have not been calculated.  This is
 600         // to allow resizes that may have been inhibited by the
 601         // relative location of the "to" and "from" spaces.
 602 
 603         // Resizing the old gen at minor collects can cause increases
 604         // that don't feed back to the generation sizing policy until
 605         // a major collection.  Don't resize the old gen here.
 606 
 607         heap->resize_young_gen(size_policy->calculated_eden_size_in_bytes(),
 608                         size_policy->calculated_survivor_size_in_bytes());
 609 
 610         if (PrintAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
 611           gclog_or_tty->print_cr("AdaptiveSizeStop: collection: %d ",
 612                          heap->total_collections());
 613         }
 614       }
 615 
 616       // Update the structure of the eden. With NUMA-eden CPU hotplugging or offlining can
 617       // cause the change of the heap layout. Make sure eden is reshaped if that's the case.
 618       // Also update() will case adaptive NUMA chunk resizing.
 619       assert(young_gen->eden_space()->is_empty(), "eden space should be empty now");
 620       young_gen->eden_space()->update();
 621 
 622       heap->gc_policy_counters()->update_counters();
 623 
 624       heap->resize_all_tlabs();
 625 
 626       assert(young_gen->to_space()->is_empty(), "to space should be empty now");
 627     }
 628 
 629     COMPILER2_PRESENT(DerivedPointerTable::update_pointers());
 630 
 631     NOT_PRODUCT(reference_processor()->verify_no_references_recorded());
 632 
 633     {
 634       GCTraceTime tm("Prune Scavenge Root Methods", false, false, &_gc_timer, _gc_tracer.gc_id());
 635 
 636       CodeCache::prune_scavenge_root_nmethods();
 637     }
 638 
 639     // Re-verify object start arrays
 640     if (VerifyObjectStartArray &&
 641         VerifyAfterGC) {
 642       old_gen->verify_object_start_array();
 643     }
 644 
 645     // Verify all old -> young cards are now precise
 646     if (VerifyRememberedSets) {
 647       // Precise verification will give false positives. Until this is fixed,
 648       // use imprecise verification.
 649       // CardTableExtension::verify_all_young_refs_precise();
 650       CardTableExtension::verify_all_young_refs_imprecise();
 651     }
 652 
 653     if (TraceYoungGenTime) accumulated_time()->stop();
 654 
 655     if (PrintGC) {
 656       if (PrintGCDetails) {
 657         // Don't print a GC timestamp here.  This is after the GC so
 658         // would be confusing.
 659         young_gen->print_used_change(young_gen_used_before);
 660       }
 661       heap->print_heap_change(prev_used);
 662     }
 663 
 664     // Track memory usage and detect low memory
 665     MemoryService::track_memory_usage();
 666     heap->update_counters();
 667 
 668     gc_task_manager()->release_idle_workers();
 669   }
 670 
 671   if (VerifyAfterGC && heap->total_collections() >= VerifyGCStartAt) {
 672     HandleMark hm;  // Discard invalid handles created during verification
 673     Universe::verify(" VerifyAfterGC:");
 674   }
 675 
 676   heap->print_heap_after_gc();
 677   heap->trace_heap_after_gc(&_gc_tracer);
 678   _gc_tracer.report_tenuring_threshold(tenuring_threshold());
 679 
 680   if (ZapUnusedHeapArea) {
 681     young_gen->eden_space()->check_mangled_unused_area_complete();
 682     young_gen->from_space()->check_mangled_unused_area_complete();
 683     young_gen->to_space()->check_mangled_unused_area_complete();
 684   }
 685 
 686   scavenge_exit.update();
 687 
 688   if (PrintGCTaskTimeStamps) {
 689     tty->print_cr("VM-Thread " JLONG_FORMAT " " JLONG_FORMAT " " JLONG_FORMAT,
 690                   scavenge_entry.ticks(), scavenge_midpoint.ticks(),
 691                   scavenge_exit.ticks());
 692     gc_task_manager()->print_task_time_stamps();
 693   }
 694 
 695 #ifdef TRACESPINNING
 696   ParallelTaskTerminator::print_termination_counts();
 697 #endif
 698 
 699 
 700   _gc_timer.register_gc_end();
 701 
 702   _gc_tracer.report_gc_end(_gc_timer.gc_end(), _gc_timer.time_partitions());
 703 
 704   return !promotion_failure_occurred;
 705 }
 706 
 707 // This method iterates over all objects in the young generation,
 708 // unforwarding markOops. It then restores any preserved mark oops,
 709 // and clears the _preserved_mark_stack.
 710 void PSScavenge::clean_up_failed_promotion() {
 711   ParallelScavengeHeap* heap = ParallelScavengeHeap::heap();
 712   PSYoungGen* young_gen = heap->young_gen();
 713 
 714   {
 715     ResourceMark rm;
 716 
 717     // Unforward all pointers in the young gen.
 718     PSPromotionFailedClosure unforward_closure;
 719     young_gen->object_iterate(&unforward_closure);
 720 
 721     if (PrintGC && Verbose) {
 722       gclog_or_tty->print_cr("Restoring " SIZE_FORMAT " marks", _preserved_oop_stack.size());
 723     }
 724 
 725     // Restore any saved marks.
 726     while (!_preserved_oop_stack.is_empty()) {
 727       oop obj      = _preserved_oop_stack.pop();
 728       markOop mark = _preserved_mark_stack.pop();
 729       obj->set_mark(mark);
 730     }
 731 
 732     // Clear the preserved mark and oop stack caches.
 733     _preserved_mark_stack.clear(true);
 734     _preserved_oop_stack.clear(true);
 735   }
 736 
 737   // Reset the PromotionFailureALot counters.
 738   NOT_PRODUCT(heap->reset_promotion_should_fail();)
 739 }
 740 
 741 // This method is called whenever an attempt to promote an object
 742 // fails. Some markOops will need preservation, some will not. Note
 743 // that the entire eden is traversed after a failed promotion, with
 744 // all forwarded headers replaced by the default markOop. This means
 745 // it is not necessary to preserve most markOops.
 746 void PSScavenge::oop_promotion_failed(oop obj, markOop obj_mark) {
 747   if (obj_mark->must_be_preserved_for_promotion_failure(obj)) {
 748     // Should use per-worker private stacks here rather than
 749     // locking a common pair of stacks.
 750     ThreadCritical tc;
 751     _preserved_oop_stack.push(obj);
 752     _preserved_mark_stack.push(obj_mark);
 753   }
 754 }
 755 
 756 bool PSScavenge::should_attempt_scavenge() {
 757   ParallelScavengeHeap* heap = ParallelScavengeHeap::heap();
 758   PSGCAdaptivePolicyCounters* counters = heap->gc_policy_counters();
 759 
 760   if (UsePerfData) {
 761     counters->update_scavenge_skipped(not_skipped);
 762   }
 763 
 764   PSYoungGen* young_gen = heap->young_gen();
 765   PSOldGen* old_gen = heap->old_gen();
 766 
 767   if (!ScavengeWithObjectsInToSpace) {
 768     // Do not attempt to promote unless to_space is empty
 769     if (!young_gen->to_space()->is_empty()) {
 770       _consecutive_skipped_scavenges++;
 771       if (UsePerfData) {
 772         counters->update_scavenge_skipped(to_space_not_empty);
 773       }
 774       return false;
 775     }
 776   }
 777 
 778   // Test to see if the scavenge will likely fail.
 779   PSAdaptiveSizePolicy* policy = heap->size_policy();
 780 
 781   // A similar test is done in the policy's should_full_GC().  If this is
 782   // changed, decide if that test should also be changed.
 783   size_t avg_promoted = (size_t) policy->padded_average_promoted_in_bytes();
 784   size_t promotion_estimate = MIN2(avg_promoted, young_gen->used_in_bytes());
 785   bool result = promotion_estimate < old_gen->free_in_bytes();
 786 
 787   if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
 788     gclog_or_tty->print(result ? "  do scavenge: " : "  skip scavenge: ");
 789     gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" average_promoted " SIZE_FORMAT
 790       " padded_average_promoted " SIZE_FORMAT
 791       " free in old gen " SIZE_FORMAT,
 792       (size_t) policy->average_promoted_in_bytes(),
 793       (size_t) policy->padded_average_promoted_in_bytes(),
 794       old_gen->free_in_bytes());
 795     if (young_gen->used_in_bytes() <
 796         (size_t) policy->padded_average_promoted_in_bytes()) {
 797       gclog_or_tty->print_cr(" padded_promoted_average is greater"
 798         " than maximum promotion = " SIZE_FORMAT, young_gen->used_in_bytes());
 799     }
 800   }
 801 
 802   if (result) {
 803     _consecutive_skipped_scavenges = 0;
 804   } else {
 805     _consecutive_skipped_scavenges++;
 806     if (UsePerfData) {
 807       counters->update_scavenge_skipped(promoted_too_large);
 808     }
 809   }
 810   return result;
 811 }
 812 
 813   // Used to add tasks
 814 GCTaskManager* const PSScavenge::gc_task_manager() {
 815   assert(ParallelScavengeHeap::gc_task_manager() != NULL,
 816    "shouldn't return NULL");
 817   return ParallelScavengeHeap::gc_task_manager();
 818 }
 819 
 820 void PSScavenge::initialize() {
 821   // Arguments must have been parsed
 822 
 823   if (AlwaysTenure || NeverTenure) {
 824     assert(MaxTenuringThreshold == 0 || MaxTenuringThreshold == markOopDesc::max_age + 1,
 825         err_msg("MaxTenuringThreshold should be 0 or markOopDesc::max_age + 1, but is %d", (int) MaxTenuringThreshold));
 826     _tenuring_threshold = MaxTenuringThreshold;
 827   } else {
 828     // We want to smooth out our startup times for the AdaptiveSizePolicy
 829     _tenuring_threshold = (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) ? InitialTenuringThreshold :
 830                                                     MaxTenuringThreshold;
 831   }
 832 
 833   ParallelScavengeHeap* heap = ParallelScavengeHeap::heap();
 834   PSYoungGen* young_gen = heap->young_gen();
 835   PSOldGen* old_gen = heap->old_gen();
 836 
 837   // Set boundary between young_gen and old_gen
 838   assert(old_gen->reserved().end() <= young_gen->eden_space()->bottom(),
 839          "old above young");
 840   set_young_generation_boundary(young_gen->eden_space()->bottom());
 841 
 842   // Initialize ref handling object for scavenging.
 843   MemRegion mr = young_gen->reserved();
 844 
 845   _ref_processor =
 846     new ReferenceProcessor(mr,                         // span
 847                            ParallelRefProcEnabled && (ParallelGCThreads > 1), // mt processing
 848                            ParallelGCThreads,          // mt processing degree
 849                            true,                       // mt discovery
 850                            ParallelGCThreads,          // mt discovery degree
 851                            true,                       // atomic_discovery
 852                            NULL);                      // header provides liveness info
 853 
 854   // Cache the cardtable
 855   _card_table = barrier_set_cast<CardTableExtension>(heap->barrier_set());
 856 
 857   _counters = new CollectorCounters("PSScavenge", 0);
 858 }