# # Copyright (c) 2005, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. # # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it # under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as # published by the Free Software Foundation. # # This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT # ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License # version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that # accompanied this code). # # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version # 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, # Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. # # Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA # or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any # questions. # # # Usage: # # $(MAKE) -f buildtree.make SRCARCH=srcarch BUILDARCH=buildarch LIBARCH=libarch # GAMMADIR=dir OS_FAMILY=os VARIANT=variant # # The macros ARCH, GAMMADIR, OS_FAMILY and VARIANT must be defined in the # environment or on the command-line: # # ARCH - sparc, i486, ... HotSpot cpu and os_cpu source directory # BUILDARCH - build directory # LIBARCH - the corresponding directory in JDK/JRE # GAMMADIR - top of workspace # OS_FAMILY - operating system # VARIANT - core, compiler1, compiler2, or tiered # HOTSPOT_RELEASE_VERSION - .-b (11.0-b07) # HOTSPOT_BUILD_VERSION - internal, internal-$(USER_RELEASE_SUFFIX) or empty # JRE_RELEASE_VERSION - .. (1.7.0) # # Builds the directory trees with makefiles plus some convenience files in # each directory: # # Makefile - for "make foo" # flags.make - with macro settings # vm.make - to support making "$(MAKE) -v vm.make" in makefiles # adlc.make - # jvmti.make - generate JVMTI bindings from the spec (JSR-163) # sa.make - generate SA jar file and natives # env.[ck]sh - environment settings # test_gamma - script to run the Queens program # # The makefiles are split this way so that "make foo" will run faster by not # having to read the dependency files for the vm. -include $(SPEC) include $(GAMMADIR)/make/scm.make include $(GAMMADIR)/make/defs.make include $(GAMMADIR)/make/altsrc.make # 'gmake MAKE_VERBOSE=y' or 'gmake QUIETLY=' gives all the gory details. QUIETLY$(MAKE_VERBOSE) = @ # For now, until the compiler is less wobbly: TESTFLAGS = -Xbatch -showversion ifeq ($(findstring true, $(JVM_VARIANT_ZERO) $(JVM_VARIANT_ZEROSHARK)), true) PLATFORM_FILE = $(shell dirname $(shell dirname $(shell pwd)))/platform_zero else ifdef USE_SUNCC PLATFORM_FILE = $(GAMMADIR)/make/$(OS_FAMILY)/platform_$(BUILDARCH).suncc else PLATFORM_FILE = $(GAMMADIR)/make/$(OS_FAMILY)/platform_$(BUILDARCH) endif endif # Allow overriding of the arch part of the directory but default # to BUILDARCH if nothing is specified ifeq ($(VARIANTARCH),) VARIANTARCH=$(BUILDARCH) endif ifdef FORCE_TIERED ifeq ($(VARIANT),tiered) PLATFORM_DIR = $(OS_FAMILY)_$(VARIANTARCH)_compiler2 else PLATFORM_DIR = $(OS_FAMILY)_$(VARIANTARCH)_$(VARIANT) endif else PLATFORM_DIR = $(OS_FAMILY)_$(VARIANTARCH)_$(VARIANT) endif # # We do two levels of exclusion in the shared directory. # TOPLEVEL excludes are pruned, they are not recursively searched, # but lower level directories can be named without fear of collision. # ALWAYS excludes are excluded at any level in the directory tree. # ALWAYS_EXCLUDE_DIRS = $(SCM_DIRS) ifeq ($(VARIANT),tiered) TOPLEVEL_EXCLUDE_DIRS = $(ALWAYS_EXCLUDE_DIRS) -o -name adlc -o -name agent else ifeq ($(VARIANT),compiler2) TOPLEVEL_EXCLUDE_DIRS = $(ALWAYS_EXCLUDE_DIRS) -o -name adlc -o -name c1 -o -name agent else # compiler1 and core use the same exclude list TOPLEVEL_EXCLUDE_DIRS = $(ALWAYS_EXCLUDE_DIRS) -o -name adlc -o -name opto -o -name libadt -o -name agent endif endif # Get things from the platform file. COMPILER = $(shell sed -n 's/^compiler[ ]*=[ ]*//p' $(PLATFORM_FILE)) SIMPLE_DIRS = \ $(PLATFORM_DIR)/generated/dependencies \ $(PLATFORM_DIR)/generated/adfiles \ $(PLATFORM_DIR)/generated/jvmtifiles TARGETS = debug fastdebug jvmg optimized product profiled SUBMAKE_DIRS = $(addprefix $(PLATFORM_DIR)/,$(TARGETS)) # For dependencies and recursive makes. BUILDTREE_MAKE = $(GAMMADIR)/make/$(OS_FAMILY)/makefiles/buildtree.make BUILDTREE_TARGETS = Makefile flags.make flags_vm.make vm.make adlc.make jvmti.make sa.make \ env.sh env.csh jdkpath.sh .dbxrc test_gamma BUILDTREE_VARS = GAMMADIR=$(GAMMADIR) OS_FAMILY=$(OS_FAMILY) \ SRCARCH=$(SRCARCH) BUILDARCH=$(BUILDARCH) LIBARCH=$(LIBARCH) VARIANT=$(VARIANT) # Define variables to be set in flags.make. # Default values are set in make/defs.make. ifeq ($(HOTSPOT_BUILD_VERSION),) HS_BUILD_VER=$(HOTSPOT_RELEASE_VERSION) else HS_BUILD_VER=$(HOTSPOT_RELEASE_VERSION)-$(HOTSPOT_BUILD_VERSION) endif # Set BUILD_USER from system-dependent hints: $LOGNAME, $(whoami) ifndef HOTSPOT_BUILD_USER HOTSPOT_BUILD_USER := $(shell echo $$LOGNAME) endif ifndef HOTSPOT_BUILD_USER HOTSPOT_BUILD_USER := $(shell whoami) endif # Define HOTSPOT_VM_DISTRO based on settings in make/openjdk_distro # or make/hotspot_distro. ifndef HOTSPOT_VM_DISTRO ifeq ($(call if-has-altsrc,$(HS_COMMON_SRC)/,true,false),true) include $(GAMMADIR)/make/hotspot_distro else include $(GAMMADIR)/make/openjdk_distro endif endif BUILDTREE_VARS += HOTSPOT_RELEASE_VERSION=$(HS_BUILD_VER) HOTSPOT_BUILD_VERSION= JRE_RELEASE_VERSION=$(JRE_RELEASE_VERSION) BUILDTREE = \ $(MAKE) -f $(BUILDTREE_MAKE) $(BUILDTREE_TARGETS) $(BUILDTREE_VARS) BUILDTREE_COMMENT = echo "\# Generated by $(BUILDTREE_MAKE)" all: $(SUBMAKE_DIRS) # Run make in each subdirectory recursively. $(SUBMAKE_DIRS): $(SIMPLE_DIRS) FORCE $(QUIETLY) [ -d $@ ] || { mkdir -p $@; } $(QUIETLY) cd $@ && $(BUILDTREE) TARGET=$(@F) $(QUIETLY) touch $@ $(SIMPLE_DIRS): $(QUIETLY) mkdir -p $@ # Convenience macro which takes a source relative path, applies $(1) to the # absolute path, and then replaces $(GAMMADIR) in the result with a # literal "$(GAMMADIR)/" suitable for inclusion in a Makefile. gamma-path=$(subst $(GAMMADIR),\$$(GAMMADIR),$(call $(1),$(HS_COMMON_SRC)/$(2))) flags.make: $(BUILDTREE_MAKE) ../shared_dirs.lst @echo Creating $@ ... $(QUIETLY) ( \ $(BUILDTREE_COMMENT); \ echo; \ echo "Platform_file = $(PLATFORM_FILE)" | sed 's|$(GAMMADIR)|$$(GAMMADIR)|'; \ sed -n '/=/s/^ */Platform_/p' < $(PLATFORM_FILE); \ echo; \ echo "GAMMADIR = $(GAMMADIR)"; \ echo "HS_ALT_MAKE = $(HS_ALT_MAKE)"; \ echo "OSNAME = $(OSNAME)"; \ echo "SYSDEFS = \$$(Platform_sysdefs)"; \ echo "SRCARCH = $(SRCARCH)"; \ echo "BUILDARCH = $(BUILDARCH)"; \ echo "LIBARCH = $(LIBARCH)"; \ echo "TARGET = $(TARGET)"; \ echo "HS_BUILD_VER = $(HS_BUILD_VER)"; \ echo "JRE_RELEASE_VER = $(JRE_RELEASE_VERSION)"; \ echo "SA_BUILD_VERSION = $(HS_BUILD_VER)"; \ echo "HOTSPOT_BUILD_USER = $(HOTSPOT_BUILD_USER)"; \ echo "HOTSPOT_VM_DISTRO = $(HOTSPOT_VM_DISTRO)"; \ echo; \ echo "# Used for platform dispatching"; \ echo "TARGET_DEFINES = -DTARGET_OS_FAMILY_\$$(Platform_os_family)"; \ echo "TARGET_DEFINES += -DTARGET_ARCH_\$$(Platform_arch)"; \ echo "TARGET_DEFINES += -DTARGET_ARCH_MODEL_\$$(Platform_arch_model)"; \ echo "TARGET_DEFINES += -DTARGET_OS_ARCH_\$$(Platform_os_arch)"; \ echo "TARGET_DEFINES += -DTARGET_OS_ARCH_MODEL_\$$(Platform_os_arch_model)"; \ echo "TARGET_DEFINES += -DTARGET_COMPILER_\$$(Platform_compiler)"; \ echo "CFLAGS += \$$(TARGET_DEFINES)"; \ echo; \ echo "Src_Dirs_V = \\"; \ sed 's/$$/ \\/;s|$(GAMMADIR)|$$(GAMMADIR)|' ../shared_dirs.lst; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,altsrc,cpu/$(SRCARCH)/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,commonsrc,cpu/$(SRCARCH)/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,altsrc,os_cpu/$(OS_FAMILY)_$(SRCARCH)/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,commonsrc,os_cpu/$(OS_FAMILY)_$(SRCARCH)/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,altsrc,os/$(OS_FAMILY)/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,commonsrc,os/$(OS_FAMILY)/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,altsrc,os/posix/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,commonsrc,os/posix/vm)"; \ echo; \ echo "Src_Dirs_I = \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,altsrc,share/vm/prims) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,commonsrc,share/vm/prims) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,altsrc,share/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,commonsrc,share/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,altsrc,share/vm/precompiled) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,commonsrc,share/vm/precompiled) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,altsrc,cpu/$(SRCARCH)/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,commonsrc,cpu/$(SRCARCH)/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,altsrc,os_cpu/$(OS_FAMILY)_$(SRCARCH)/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,commonsrc,os_cpu/$(OS_FAMILY)_$(SRCARCH)/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,altsrc,os/$(OS_FAMILY)/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,commonsrc,os/$(OS_FAMILY)/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,altsrc,os/posix/vm) \\"; \ echo "$(call gamma-path,commonsrc,os/posix/vm)"; \ [ -n "$(CFLAGS_BROWSE)" ] && \ echo && echo "CFLAGS_BROWSE = $(CFLAGS_BROWSE)"; \ [ -n "$(ENABLE_FULL_DEBUG_SYMBOLS)" ] && \ echo && echo "ENABLE_FULL_DEBUG_SYMBOLS = $(ENABLE_FULL_DEBUG_SYMBOLS)"; \ [ -n "$(OBJCOPY)" ] && \ echo && echo "OBJCOPY = $(OBJCOPY)"; \ [ -n "$(STRIP_POLICY)" ] && \ echo && echo "STRIP_POLICY = $(STRIP_POLICY)"; \ [ -n "$(ZIP_DEBUGINFO_FILES)" ] && \ echo && echo "ZIP_DEBUGINFO_FILES = $(ZIP_DEBUGINFO_FILES)"; \ [ -n "$(ZIPEXE)" ] && \ echo && echo "ZIPEXE = $(ZIPEXE)"; \ [ -n "$(HOTSPOT_EXTRA_SYSDEFS)" ] && \ echo && \ echo "HOTSPOT_EXTRA_SYSDEFS\$$(HOTSPOT_EXTRA_SYSDEFS) = $(HOTSPOT_EXTRA_SYSDEFS)" && \ echo "SYSDEFS += \$$(HOTSPOT_EXTRA_SYSDEFS)"; \ echo; \ [ -n "$(SPEC)" ] && \ echo "include $(SPEC)"; \ echo "include \$$(GAMMADIR)/make/$(OS_FAMILY)/makefiles/$(VARIANT).make"; \ echo "include \$$(GAMMADIR)/make/excludeSrc.make"; \ echo "include \$$(GAMMADIR)/make/$(OS_FAMILY)/makefiles/$(COMPILER).make"; \ ) > $@ flags_vm.make: $(BUILDTREE_MAKE) ../shared_dirs.lst @echo Creating $@ ... $(QUIETLY) ( \ $(BUILDTREE_COMMENT); \ echo; \ [ "$(TARGET)" = profiled ] && \ echo "include \$$(GAMMADIR)/make/$(OS_FAMILY)/makefiles/optimized.make"; \ echo "include \$$(GAMMADIR)/make/$(OS_FAMILY)/makefiles/$(TARGET).make"; \ ) > $@ ../shared_dirs.lst: $(BUILDTREE_MAKE) $(GAMMADIR)/src/share/vm @echo Creating directory list $@ $(QUIETLY) if [ -d $(HS_ALT_SRC)/share/vm ]; then \ find $(HS_ALT_SRC)/share/vm/* -prune \ -type d \! \( $(TOPLEVEL_EXCLUDE_DIRS) \) -exec find {} \ \( $(ALWAYS_EXCLUDE_DIRS) \) -prune -o -type d -print \; > $@; \ fi; $(QUIETLY) find $(HS_COMMON_SRC)/share/vm/* -prune \ -type d \! \( $(TOPLEVEL_EXCLUDE_DIRS) \) -exec find {} \ \( $(ALWAYS_EXCLUDE_DIRS) \) -prune -o -type d -print \; >> $@ Makefile: $(BUILDTREE_MAKE) @echo Creating $@ ... $(QUIETLY) ( \ $(BUILDTREE_COMMENT); \ echo; \ echo include flags.make; \ echo; \ echo "include \$$(GAMMADIR)/make/$(OS_FAMILY)/makefiles/top.make"; \ ) > $@ vm.make: $(BUILDTREE_MAKE) @echo Creating $@ ... $(QUIETLY) ( \ $(BUILDTREE_COMMENT); \ echo; \ echo include flags.make; \ echo include flags_vm.make; \ echo; \ echo "include \$$(GAMMADIR)/make/$(OS_FAMILY)/makefiles/$(@F)"; \ ) > $@ adlc.make: $(BUILDTREE_MAKE) @echo Creating $@ ... $(QUIETLY) ( \ $(BUILDTREE_COMMENT); \ echo; \ echo include flags.make; \ echo; \ echo "include \$$(GAMMADIR)/make/$(OS_FAMILY)/makefiles/$(@F)"; \ ) > $@ jvmti.make: $(BUILDTREE_MAKE) @echo Creating $@ ... $(QUIETLY) ( \ $(BUILDTREE_COMMENT); \ echo; \ echo include flags.make; \ echo; \ echo "include \$$(GAMMADIR)/make/$(OS_FAMILY)/makefiles/$(@F)"; \ ) > $@ sa.make: $(BUILDTREE_MAKE) @echo Creating $@ ... $(QUIETLY) ( \ $(BUILDTREE_COMMENT); \ echo; \ echo include flags.make; \ echo; \ echo "include \$$(GAMMADIR)/make/$(OS_FAMILY)/makefiles/$(@F)"; \ ) > $@ env.sh: $(BUILDTREE_MAKE) @echo Creating $@ ... $(QUIETLY) ( \ $(BUILDTREE_COMMENT); \ [ -n "$$JAVA_HOME" ] && { echo ": \$${JAVA_HOME:=$${JAVA_HOME}}"; }; \ { \ echo "CLASSPATH=$${CLASSPATH:+$$CLASSPATH:}.:\$${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/rt.jar:\$${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/i18n.jar"; \ } | sed s:$${JAVA_HOME:--------}:\$${JAVA_HOME}:g; \ echo "HOTSPOT_BUILD_USER=\"$${LOGNAME:-$$USER} in `basename $(GAMMADIR)`\""; \ echo "export JAVA_HOME CLASSPATH HOTSPOT_BUILD_USER"; \ ) > $@ env.csh: env.sh @echo Creating $@ ... $(QUIETLY) ( \ $(BUILDTREE_COMMENT); \ [ -n "$$JAVA_HOME" ] && \ { echo "if (! \$$?JAVA_HOME) setenv JAVA_HOME \"$$JAVA_HOME\""; }; \ sed -n 's/^\([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z0-9_]*\)=/setenv \1 /p' $?; \ ) > $@ jdkpath.sh: $(BUILDTREE_MAKE) @echo Creating $@ ... $(QUIETLY) ( \ $(BUILDTREE_COMMENT); \ echo "JDK=${JAVA_HOME}"; \ ) > $@ .dbxrc: $(BUILDTREE_MAKE) @echo Creating $@ ... $(QUIETLY) ( \ echo "echo '# Loading $(PLATFORM_DIR)/$(TARGET)/.dbxrc'"; \ echo "if [ -f \"\$${HOTSPOT_DBXWARE}\" ]"; \ echo "then"; \ echo " source \"\$${HOTSPOT_DBXWARE}\""; \ echo "elif [ -f \"\$$HOME/.dbxrc\" ]"; \ echo "then"; \ echo " source \"\$$HOME/.dbxrc\""; \ echo "fi"; \ ) > $@ # Skip the test for product builds (which only work when installed in a JDK), to # avoid exiting with an error and causing make to halt. NO_TEST_MSG = \ echo "$@: skipping the test--this build must be tested in a JDK." NO_JAVA_HOME_MSG = \ echo "JAVA_HOME must be set to run this test." DATA_MODE = $(DATA_MODE/$(BUILDARCH)) JAVA_FLAG = $(JAVA_FLAG/$(DATA_MODE)) DATA_MODE/i486 = 32 DATA_MODE/sparc = 32 DATA_MODE/sparcv9 = 64 DATA_MODE/amd64 = 64 DATA_MODE/ia64 = 64 DATA_MODE/zero = $(ARCH_DATA_MODEL) JAVA_FLAG/32 = -d32 JAVA_FLAG/64 = -d64 WRONG_DATA_MODE_MSG = \ echo "JAVA_HOME must point to a $(DATA_MODE)-bit OpenJDK." CROSS_COMPILING_MSG = \ echo "Cross compiling for ARCH $(CROSS_COMPILE_ARCH), skipping gamma run." test_gamma: $(BUILDTREE_MAKE) $(GAMMADIR)/make/test/Queens.java @echo Creating $@ ... $(QUIETLY) ( \ echo "#!/bin/sh"; \ echo ""; \ $(BUILDTREE_COMMENT); \ echo ""; \ echo "# Include environment settings for gamma run"; \ echo ""; \ echo ". ./env.sh"; \ echo ""; \ echo "# Do not run gamma test for cross compiles"; \ echo ""; \ echo "if [ -n \"$(CROSS_COMPILE_ARCH)\" ]; then "; \ echo " $(CROSS_COMPILING_MSG)"; \ echo " exit 0"; \ echo "fi"; \ echo ""; \ echo "# Make sure JAVA_HOME is set as it is required for gamma"; \ echo ""; \ echo "if [ -z \"\$${JAVA_HOME}\" ]; then "; \ echo " $(NO_JAVA_HOME_MSG)"; \ echo " exit 0"; \ echo "fi"; \ echo ""; \ echo "# Check JAVA_HOME version to be used for the test"; \ echo ""; \ echo "\$${JAVA_HOME}/bin/java $(JAVA_FLAG) -fullversion > /dev/null 2>&1"; \ echo "if [ \$$? -ne 0 ]; then "; \ echo " $(WRONG_DATA_MODE_MSG)"; \ echo " exit 0"; \ echo "fi"; \ echo ""; \ echo "# Use gamma_g if it exists"; \ echo ""; \ echo "GAMMA_PROG=gamma"; \ echo "if [ -f gamma_g ]; then "; \ echo " GAMMA_PROG=gamma_g"; \ echo "fi"; \ echo ""; \ echo "if [ \"$(OS_VENDOR)\" = \"Darwin\" ]; then "; \ echo " # Ensure architecture for gamma and JAVA_HOME is the same."; \ echo " # NOTE: gamma assumes the OpenJDK directory layout."; \ echo ""; \ echo " GAMMA_ARCH=\"\`file \$${GAMMA_PROG} | awk '{print \$$NF}'\`\""; \ echo " JVM_LIB=\"\$${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/libjava.$(LIBRARY_SUFFIX)\""; \ echo " if [ ! -f \$${JVM_LIB} ]; then"; \ echo " JVM_LIB=\"\$${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/$${LIBARCH}/libjava.$(LIBRARY_SUFFIX)\""; \ echo " fi"; \ echo " if [ ! -f \$${JVM_LIB} ] || [ -z \"\`file \$${JVM_LIB} | grep \$${GAMMA_ARCH}\`\" ]; then "; \ echo " $(WRONG_DATA_MODE_MSG)"; \ echo " exit 0"; \ echo " fi"; \ echo "fi"; \ echo ""; \ echo "# Compile Queens program for test"; \ echo ""; \ echo "rm -f Queens.class"; \ echo "\$${JAVA_HOME}/bin/javac -d . $(GAMMADIR)/make/test/Queens.java"; \ echo ""; \ echo "# Set library path solely for gamma launcher test run"; \ echo ""; \ echo "LD_LIBRARY_PATH=.:$${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:+$$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:}\$${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/${LIBARCH}/native_threads:\$${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/${LIBARCH}:${GCC_LIB}"; \ echo "export LD_LIBRARY_PATH"; \ echo "unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH_32"; \ echo "unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH_64"; \ echo ""; \ echo "if [ \"$(OS_VENDOR)\" = \"Darwin\" ]; then "; \ echo " DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH=.:$${DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH:+$$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH:}\$${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/native_threads:\$${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib:$${DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH:+$$DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH:}\$${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/${LIBARCH}/native_threads:\$${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/${LIBARCH}:${GCC_LIB}"; \ echo " export DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH"; \ echo "fi"; \ echo ""; \ echo "# Use the gamma launcher and JAVA_HOME to run the test"; \ echo ""; \ echo "./\$${GAMMA_PROG} $(TESTFLAGS) Queens < /dev/null"; \ ) > $@ $(QUIETLY) chmod +x $@ FORCE: .PHONY: all FORCE