1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  30 #include "compiler/compilerOracle.hpp"
  31 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  32 #include "memory/cardTableRS.hpp"
  33 #include "memory/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
  34 #include "memory/referenceProcessor.hpp"
  35 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
  36 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  37 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  38 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  39 #include "runtime/arguments_ext.hpp"
  40 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  41 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  42 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  43 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
  44 #include "services/management.hpp"
  45 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
  46 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  47 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  48 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
  49 #include "utilities/taskqueue.hpp"
  50 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  51 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/compactibleFreeListSpace.hpp"
  52 #include "gc_implementation/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"
  53 #include "gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/parallelScavengeHeap.hpp"
  54 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  55 
  56 // Note: This is a special bug reporting site for the JVM
  57 #define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG "http://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp"
  58 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER  "generic"
  59 
  60 // Disable options not supported in this release, with a warning if they
  61 // were explicitly requested on the command-line
  62 #define UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(opt, description)                    \
  63 do {                                                            \
  64   if (opt) {                                                    \
  65     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(opt)) {                                 \
  66       warning(description " is disabled in this release.");     \
  67     }                                                           \
  68     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(opt, false);                               \
  69   }                                                             \
  70 } while(0)
  71 
  72 #define UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(gc)                                     \
  73 do {                                                                  \
  74   if (gc) {                                                           \
  75     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(gc)) {                                        \
  76       warning(#gc " is not supported in this VM.  Using Serial GC."); \
  77     }                                                                 \
  78     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(gc, false);                                      \
  79   }                                                                   \
  80 } while(0)
  81 
  82 char**  Arguments::_jvm_flags_array             = NULL;
  83 int     Arguments::_num_jvm_flags               = 0;
  84 char**  Arguments::_jvm_args_array              = NULL;
  85 int     Arguments::_num_jvm_args                = 0;
  86 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = NULL;
  87 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = NULL;
  88 const char*  Arguments::_gc_log_filename        = NULL;
  89 bool   Arguments::_has_profile                  = false;
  90 size_t Arguments::_conservative_max_heap_alignment = 0;
  91 uintx  Arguments::_min_heap_size                = 0;
  92 uintx  Arguments::_min_heap_free_ratio          = 0;
  93 uintx  Arguments::_max_heap_free_ratio          = 0;
  94 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
  95 bool   Arguments::_java_compiler                = false;
  96 bool   Arguments::_xdebug_mode                  = false;
  97 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG;
  98 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
  99 int    Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_pid        = -1;
 100 bool   Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm  = false;
 101 
 102 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args(JavaVMInitArgs*)
 103 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
 104 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
 105 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
 106 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
 107 
 108 char*  Arguments::SharedArchivePath             = NULL;
 109 
 110 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_libraryList;
 111 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_agentList;
 112 
 113 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = NULL;
 114 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = NULL;
 115 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = NULL;
 116 
 117 
 118 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_ext_dirs = NULL;
 119 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_endorsed_dirs = NULL;
 120 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = NULL;
 121 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = NULL;
 122 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = NULL;
 123 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = NULL;
 124 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_class_path = NULL;
 125 
 126 char* Arguments::_meta_index_path = NULL;
 127 char* Arguments::_meta_index_dir = NULL;
 128 
 129 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' remaining part of option string
 130 
 131 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
 132                          const char** tail) {
 133   int len = (int)strlen(name);
 134   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
 135     *tail = option->optionString + len;
 136     return true;
 137   } else {
 138     return false;
 139   }
 140 }
 141 
 142 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
 143 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
 144 // the option must match exactly.
 145 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
 146   bool tail_allowed) {
 147   for (/* empty */; *names != NULL; ++names) {
 148     if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
 149       if (**tail == '\0' || tail_allowed && **tail == ':') {
 150         return true;
 151       }
 152     }
 153   }
 154   return false;
 155 }
 156 
 157 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name) {
 158   const char* tail = NULL;
 159   bool result = match_option(option, name, &tail);
 160   if (tail != NULL && *tail == '\0') {
 161     return result;
 162   } else {
 163     return false;
 164   }
 165 }
 166 
 167 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
 168   if (PrintVMOptions) {
 169     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
 170   }
 171 }
 172 
 173 // Process java launcher properties.
 174 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 175   // See if sun.java.launcher, sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm or
 176   // sun.java.launcher.pid is defined.
 177   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 178   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 179   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 180     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 181     const char* tail;
 182 
 183     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 184       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 185       continue;
 186     }
 187     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.is_altjvm=", &tail)) {
 188       if (strcmp(tail, "true") == 0) {
 189         _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm = true;
 190       }
 191       continue;
 192     }
 193     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.pid=", &tail)) {
 194       _sun_java_launcher_pid = atoi(tail);
 195       continue;
 196     }
 197   }
 198 }
 199 
 200 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 201 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 202 
 203   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 204                                                                  "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 205   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 206   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 207   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(),  true));
 208 
 209   // Following are JVMTI agent writable properties.
 210   // Properties values are set to NULL and they are
 211   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 212   _java_ext_dirs = new SystemProperty("java.ext.dirs", NULL,  true);
 213   _java_endorsed_dirs = new SystemProperty("java.endorsed.dirs", NULL,  true);
 214   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", NULL,  true);
 215   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", NULL,  true);
 216   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", NULL,  true);
 217   _sun_boot_class_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.class.path", NULL,  true);
 218 
 219   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 220 
 221   // Add to System Property list.
 222   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_ext_dirs);
 223   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_endorsed_dirs);
 224   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 225   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 226   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 227   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 228   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_class_path);
 229 
 230   // Set OS specific system properties values
 231   os::init_system_properties_values();
 232 }
 233 
 234 
 235   // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
 236 void Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties() {
 237   enum { bufsz = 16 };
 238   char buffer[bufsz];
 239   const char* spec_vendor = "Sun Microsystems Inc.";
 240   uint32_t spec_version = 0;
 241 
 242   spec_vendor = "Oracle Corporation";
 243   spec_version = JDK_Version::current().major_version();
 244   jio_snprintf(buffer, bufsz, "1." UINT32_FORMAT, spec_version);
 245 
 246   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 247       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",  spec_vendor, false));
 248   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 249       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", buffer, false));
 250   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 251       new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 252 }
 253 
 254 /**
 255  * Provide a slightly more user-friendly way of eliminating -XX flags.
 256  * When a flag is eliminated, it can be added to this list in order to
 257  * continue accepting this flag on the command-line, while issuing a warning
 258  * and ignoring the value.  Once the JDK version reaches the 'accept_until'
 259  * limit, we flatly refuse to admit the existence of the flag.  This allows
 260  * a flag to die correctly over JDK releases using HSX.
 261  */
 262 typedef struct {
 263   const char* name;
 264   JDK_Version obsoleted_in; // when the flag went away
 265   JDK_Version accept_until; // which version to start denying the existence
 266 } ObsoleteFlag;
 267 
 268 static ObsoleteFlag obsolete_jvm_flags[] = {
 269   { "UseTrainGC",                    JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 270   { "UseSpecialLargeObjectHandling", JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 271   { "UseOversizedCarHandling",       JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 272   { "TraceCarAllocation",            JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 273   { "PrintTrainGCProcessingStats",   JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 274   { "LogOfCarSpaceSize",             JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 275   { "OversizedCarThreshold",         JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 276   { "MinTickInterval",               JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 277   { "DefaultTickInterval",           JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 278   { "MaxTickInterval",               JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 279   { "DelayTickAdjustment",           JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 280   { "ProcessingToTenuringRatio",     JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 281   { "MinTrainLength",                JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 282   { "AppendRatio",         JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,10), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 283   { "DefaultMaxRAM",       JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,18), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 284   { "DefaultInitialRAMFraction",
 285                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,18), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 286   { "UseDepthFirstScavengeOrder",
 287                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,22), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 288   { "HandlePromotionFailure",
 289                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,24), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 290   { "MaxLiveObjectEvacuationRatio",
 291                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,24), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 292   { "ForceSharedSpaces",   JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,25), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 293   { "UseParallelOldGCCompacting",
 294                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,27), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 295   { "UseParallelDensePrefixUpdate",
 296                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,27), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 297   { "UseParallelOldGCDensePrefix",
 298                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,27), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 299   { "AllowTransitionalJSR292",       JDK_Version::jdk(7), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 300   { "UseCompressedStrings",          JDK_Version::jdk(7), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 301   { "CMSPermGenPrecleaningEnabled", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 302   { "CMSTriggerPermRatio", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 303   { "CMSInitiatingPermOccupancyFraction", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 304   { "AdaptivePermSizeWeight", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 305   { "PermGenPadding", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 306   { "PermMarkSweepDeadRatio", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 307   { "PermSize", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 308   { "MaxPermSize", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 309   { "MinPermHeapExpansion", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 310   { "MaxPermHeapExpansion", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 311   { "CMSRevisitStackSize",           JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 312   { "PrintRevisitStats",             JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 313   { "UseVectoredExceptions",         JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 314   { "UseSplitVerifier",              JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 315   { "UseISM",                        JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 316   { "UsePermISM",                    JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 317   { "UseMPSS",                       JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 318   { "UseStringCache",                JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 319   { "UseOldInlining",                JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 320   { "SafepointPollOffset",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 321 #ifdef PRODUCT
 322   { "DesiredMethodLimit",
 323                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(7, 2), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 324 #endif // PRODUCT
 325   { "UseVMInterruptibleIO",          JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 326   { "UseBoundThreads",               JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 327   { "DefaultThreadPriority",         JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 328   { "NoYieldsInMicrolock",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 329   { "BackEdgeThreshold",             JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 330   { "UseNewReflection",              JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 331   { "ReflectionWrapResolutionErrors",JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 332   { "VerifyReflectionBytecodes",     JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 333   { "AutoShutdownNMT",               JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 334   { "NmethodSweepFraction",          JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 335   { "NmethodSweepCheckInterval",     JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 336   { "CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace",     JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 337 #ifndef ZERO
 338   { "UseFastAccessorMethods",        JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 339   { "UseFastEmptyMethods",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 340 #endif // ZERO
 341   { "UseCompilerSafepoints",         JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 342   { NULL, JDK_Version(0), JDK_Version(0) }
 343 };
 344 
 345 // Returns true if the flag is obsolete and fits into the range specified
 346 // for being ignored.  In the case that the flag is ignored, the 'version'
 347 // value is filled in with the version number when the flag became
 348 // obsolete so that that value can be displayed to the user.
 349 bool Arguments::is_newly_obsolete(const char *s, JDK_Version* version) {
 350   int i = 0;
 351   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 352   while (obsolete_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL) {
 353     const ObsoleteFlag& flag_status = obsolete_jvm_flags[i];
 354     // <flag>=xxx form
 355     // [-|+]<flag> form
 356     size_t len = strlen(flag_status.name);
 357     if (((strncmp(flag_status.name, s, len) == 0) &&
 358          (strlen(s) == len)) ||
 359         ((s[0] == '+' || s[0] == '-') &&
 360          (strncmp(flag_status.name, &s[1], len) == 0) &&
 361          (strlen(&s[1]) == len))) {
 362       if (JDK_Version::current().compare(flag_status.accept_until) == -1) {
 363           *version = flag_status.obsoleted_in;
 364           return true;
 365       }
 366     }
 367     i++;
 368   }
 369   return false;
 370 }
 371 
 372 // Constructs the system class path (aka boot class path) from the following
 373 // components, in order:
 374 //
 375 //     prefix           // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 376 //     endorsed         // the expansion of -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...
 377 //     base             // from os::get_system_properties() or -Xbootclasspath=
 378 //     suffix           // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 379 //
 380 // java.endorsed.dirs is a list of directories; any jar or zip files in the
 381 // directories are added to the sysclasspath just before the base.
 382 //
 383 // This could be AllStatic, but it isn't needed after argument processing is
 384 // complete.
 385 class SysClassPath: public StackObj {
 386 public:
 387   SysClassPath(const char* base);
 388   ~SysClassPath();
 389 
 390   inline void set_base(const char* base);
 391   inline void add_prefix(const char* prefix);
 392   inline void add_suffix_to_prefix(const char* suffix);
 393   inline void add_suffix(const char* suffix);
 394   inline void reset_path(const char* base);
 395 
 396   // Expand the jar/zip files in each directory listed by the java.endorsed.dirs
 397   // property.  Must be called after all command-line arguments have been
 398   // processed (in particular, -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...) and before calling
 399   // combined_path().
 400   void expand_endorsed();
 401 
 402   inline const char* get_base()     const { return _items[_scp_base]; }
 403   inline const char* get_prefix()   const { return _items[_scp_prefix]; }
 404   inline const char* get_suffix()   const { return _items[_scp_suffix]; }
 405   inline const char* get_endorsed() const { return _items[_scp_endorsed]; }
 406 
 407   // Combine all the components into a single c-heap-allocated string; caller
 408   // must free the string if/when no longer needed.
 409   char* combined_path();
 410 
 411 private:
 412   // Utility routines.
 413   static char* add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend);
 414   static char* add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory);
 415 
 416   inline void reset_item_at(int index);
 417 
 418   // Array indices for the items that make up the sysclasspath.  All except the
 419   // base are allocated in the C heap and freed by this class.
 420   enum {
 421     _scp_prefix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 422     _scp_endorsed,      // the expansion of -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...
 423     _scp_base,          // the default sysclasspath
 424     _scp_suffix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 425     _scp_nitems         // the number of items, must be last.
 426   };
 427 
 428   const char* _items[_scp_nitems];
 429   DEBUG_ONLY(bool _expansion_done;)
 430 };
 431 
 432 SysClassPath::SysClassPath(const char* base) {
 433   memset(_items, 0, sizeof(_items));
 434   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 435   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = false;)
 436 }
 437 
 438 SysClassPath::~SysClassPath() {
 439   // Free everything except the base.
 440   for (int i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 441     if (i != _scp_base) reset_item_at(i);
 442   }
 443   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = false;)
 444 }
 445 
 446 inline void SysClassPath::set_base(const char* base) {
 447   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 448 }
 449 
 450 inline void SysClassPath::add_prefix(const char* prefix) {
 451   _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], prefix, true);
 452 }
 453 
 454 inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix_to_prefix(const char* suffix) {
 455   _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], suffix, false);
 456 }
 457 
 458 inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix(const char* suffix) {
 459   _items[_scp_suffix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_suffix], suffix, false);
 460 }
 461 
 462 inline void SysClassPath::reset_item_at(int index) {
 463   assert(index < _scp_nitems && index != _scp_base, "just checking");
 464   if (_items[index] != NULL) {
 465     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, _items[index], mtInternal);
 466     _items[index] = NULL;
 467   }
 468 }
 469 
 470 inline void SysClassPath::reset_path(const char* base) {
 471   // Clear the prefix and suffix.
 472   reset_item_at(_scp_prefix);
 473   reset_item_at(_scp_suffix);
 474   set_base(base);
 475 }
 476 
 477 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 478 
 479 void SysClassPath::expand_endorsed() {
 480   assert(_items[_scp_endorsed] == NULL, "can only be called once.");
 481 
 482   const char* path = Arguments::get_property("java.endorsed.dirs");
 483   if (path == NULL) {
 484     path = Arguments::get_endorsed_dir();
 485     assert(path != NULL, "no default for java.endorsed.dirs");
 486   }
 487 
 488   char* expanded_path = NULL;
 489   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 490   const char* const end = path + strlen(path);
 491   while (path < end) {
 492     const char* tmp_end = strchr(path, separator);
 493     if (tmp_end == NULL) {
 494       expanded_path = add_jars_to_path(expanded_path, path);
 495       path = end;
 496     } else {
 497       char* dirpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, tmp_end - path + 1, mtInternal);
 498       memcpy(dirpath, path, tmp_end - path);
 499       dirpath[tmp_end - path] = '\0';
 500       expanded_path = add_jars_to_path(expanded_path, dirpath);
 501       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dirpath, mtInternal);
 502       path = tmp_end + 1;
 503     }
 504   }
 505   _items[_scp_endorsed] = expanded_path;
 506   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = true;)
 507 }
 508 
 509 // Combine the bootclasspath elements, some of which may be null, into a single
 510 // c-heap-allocated string.
 511 char* SysClassPath::combined_path() {
 512   assert(_items[_scp_base] != NULL, "empty default sysclasspath");
 513   assert(_expansion_done, "must call expand_endorsed() first.");
 514 
 515   size_t lengths[_scp_nitems];
 516   size_t total_len = 0;
 517 
 518   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 519 
 520   // Get the lengths.
 521   int i;
 522   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 523     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 524       lengths[i] = strlen(_items[i]);
 525       // Include space for the separator char (or a NULL for the last item).
 526       total_len += lengths[i] + 1;
 527     }
 528   }
 529   assert(total_len > 0, "empty sysclasspath not allowed");
 530 
 531   // Copy the _items to a single string.
 532   char* cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, total_len, mtInternal);
 533   char* cp_tmp = cp;
 534   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 535     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 536       memcpy(cp_tmp, _items[i], lengths[i]);
 537       cp_tmp += lengths[i];
 538       *cp_tmp++ = separator;
 539     }
 540   }
 541   *--cp_tmp = '\0';     // Replace the extra separator.
 542   return cp;
 543 }
 544 
 545 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 546 char*
 547 SysClassPath::add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend) {
 548   char *cp;
 549 
 550   assert(str != NULL, "just checking");
 551   if (path == NULL) {
 552     size_t len = strlen(str) + 1;
 553     cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtInternal);
 554     memcpy(cp, str, len);                       // copy the trailing null
 555   } else {
 556     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 557     size_t old_len = strlen(path);
 558     size_t str_len = strlen(str);
 559     size_t len = old_len + str_len + 2;
 560 
 561     if (prepend) {
 562       cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtInternal);
 563       char* cp_tmp = cp;
 564       memcpy(cp_tmp, str, str_len);
 565       cp_tmp += str_len;
 566       *cp_tmp = separator;
 567       memcpy(++cp_tmp, path, old_len + 1);      // copy the trailing null
 568       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path, mtInternal);
 569     } else {
 570       cp = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path, len, mtInternal);
 571       char* cp_tmp = cp + old_len;
 572       *cp_tmp = separator;
 573       memcpy(++cp_tmp, str, str_len + 1);       // copy the trailing null
 574     }
 575   }
 576   return cp;
 577 }
 578 
 579 // Scan the directory and append any jar or zip files found to path.
 580 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 581 char* SysClassPath::add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory) {
 582   DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
 583   if (dir == NULL) return path;
 584 
 585   char dir_sep[2] = { '\0', '\0' };
 586   size_t directory_len = strlen(directory);
 587   const char fileSep = *os::file_separator();
 588   if (directory[directory_len - 1] != fileSep) dir_sep[0] = fileSep;
 589 
 590   /* Scan the directory for jars/zips, appending them to path. */
 591   struct dirent *entry;
 592   char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory), mtInternal);
 593   while ((entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
 594     const char* name = entry->d_name;
 595     const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
 596     bool isJarOrZip = ext > name &&
 597       (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0 ||
 598        os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".zip") == 0);
 599     if (isJarOrZip) {
 600       char* jarpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, directory_len + 2 + strlen(name), mtInternal);
 601       sprintf(jarpath, "%s%s%s", directory, dir_sep, name);
 602       path = add_to_path(path, jarpath, false);
 603       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, jarpath, mtInternal);
 604     }
 605   }
 606   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf, mtInternal);
 607   os::closedir(dir);
 608   return path;
 609 }
 610 
 611 // Parses a memory size specification string.
 612 static bool atomull(const char *s, julong* result) {
 613   julong n = 0;
 614   int args_read = 0;
 615   bool is_hex = false;
 616   // Skip leading 0[xX] for hexadecimal
 617   if (*s =='0' && (*(s+1) == 'x' || *(s+1) == 'X')) {
 618     s += 2;
 619     is_hex = true;
 620     args_read = sscanf(s, JULONG_FORMAT_X, &n);
 621   } else {
 622     args_read = sscanf(s, JULONG_FORMAT, &n);
 623   }
 624   if (args_read != 1) {
 625     return false;
 626   }
 627   while (*s != '\0' && (isdigit(*s) || (is_hex && isxdigit(*s)))) {
 628     s++;
 629   }
 630   // 4705540: illegal if more characters are found after the first non-digit
 631   if (strlen(s) > 1) {
 632     return false;
 633   }
 634   switch (*s) {
 635     case 'T': case 't':
 636       *result = n * G * K;
 637       // Check for overflow.
 638       if (*result/((julong)G * K) != n) return false;
 639       return true;
 640     case 'G': case 'g':
 641       *result = n * G;
 642       if (*result/G != n) return false;
 643       return true;
 644     case 'M': case 'm':
 645       *result = n * M;
 646       if (*result/M != n) return false;
 647       return true;
 648     case 'K': case 'k':
 649       *result = n * K;
 650       if (*result/K != n) return false;
 651       return true;
 652     case '\0':
 653       *result = n;
 654       return true;
 655     default:
 656       return false;
 657   }
 658 }
 659 
 660 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(julong size, julong min_size) {
 661   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 662   // Check that size will fit in a size_t (only relevant on 32-bit)
 663   if (size > max_uintx) return arg_too_big;
 664   return arg_in_range;
 665 }
 666 
 667 // Describe an argument out of range error
 668 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 669   switch(errcode) {
 670   case arg_too_big:
 671     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 672                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 673                 "representable size.\n");
 674     break;
 675   case arg_too_small:
 676   case arg_unreadable:
 677   case arg_in_range:
 678     // do nothing for now
 679     break;
 680   default:
 681     ShouldNotReachHere();
 682   }
 683 }
 684 
 685 static bool set_bool_flag(char* name, bool value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 686   return CommandLineFlags::boolAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 687 }
 688 
 689 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 690   double v;
 691   if (sscanf(value, "%lf", &v) != 1) {
 692     return false;
 693   }
 694 
 695   if (CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(name, &v, origin)) {
 696     return true;
 697   }
 698   return false;
 699 }
 700 
 701 static bool set_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 702   julong v;
 703   intx intx_v;
 704   bool is_neg = false;
 705   // Check the sign first since atomull() parses only unsigned values.
 706   if (*value == '-') {
 707     if (!CommandLineFlags::intxAt(name, &intx_v)) {
 708       return false;
 709     }
 710     value++;
 711     is_neg = true;
 712   }
 713   if (!atomull(value, &v)) {
 714     return false;
 715   }
 716   intx_v = (intx) v;
 717   if (is_neg) {
 718     intx_v = -intx_v;
 719   }
 720   if (CommandLineFlags::intxAtPut(name, &intx_v, origin)) {
 721     return true;
 722   }
 723   uintx uintx_v = (uintx) v;
 724   if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::uintxAtPut(name, &uintx_v, origin)) {
 725     return true;
 726   }
 727   uint64_t uint64_t_v = (uint64_t) v;
 728   if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::uint64_tAtPut(name, &uint64_t_v, origin)) {
 729     return true;
 730   }
 731   size_t size_t_v = (size_t) v;
 732   if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::size_tAtPut(name, &size_t_v, origin)) {
 733     return true;
 734   }
 735   return false;
 736 }
 737 
 738 static bool set_string_flag(char* name, const char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 739   if (!CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin))  return false;
 740   // Contract:  CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 741   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value, mtInternal);
 742   return true;
 743 }
 744 
 745 static bool append_to_string_flag(char* name, const char* new_value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 746   const char* old_value = "";
 747   if (!CommandLineFlags::ccstrAt(name, &old_value))  return false;
 748   size_t old_len = old_value != NULL ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 749   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 750   const char* value;
 751   char* free_this_too = NULL;
 752   if (old_len == 0) {
 753     value = new_value;
 754   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 755     value = old_value;
 756   } else {
 757     char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, old_len + 1 + new_len + 1, mtInternal);
 758     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 759     sprintf(buf, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 760     value = buf;
 761     free_this_too = buf;
 762   }
 763   (void) CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 764   // CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 765   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value, mtInternal);
 766   if (free_this_too != NULL) {
 767     // CommandLineFlags made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 768     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too, mtInternal);
 769   }
 770   return true;
 771 }
 772 
 773 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, Flag::Flags origin) {
 774 
 775   // range of acceptable characters spelled out for portability reasons
 776 #define NAME_RANGE  "[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_]"
 777 #define BUFLEN 255
 778   char name[BUFLEN+1];
 779   char dummy;
 780 
 781   if (sscanf(arg, "-%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 782     return set_bool_flag(name, false, origin);
 783   }
 784   if (sscanf(arg, "+%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 785     return set_bool_flag(name, true, origin);
 786   }
 787 
 788   char punct;
 789   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 790     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 791     Flag* flag = Flag::find_flag(name, strlen(name));
 792     if (flag != NULL && flag->is_ccstr()) {
 793       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
 794         return append_to_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 795       } else {
 796         if (value[0] == '\0') {
 797           value = NULL;
 798         }
 799         return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 800       }
 801     }
 802   }
 803 
 804   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE ":%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 805     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 806     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
 807     if (value[0] == '\0') {
 808       value = NULL;
 809     }
 810     return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 811   }
 812 
 813 #define SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "[-0123456789.]"
 814 #define SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE    "[-0123456789]"
 815 #define        NUMBER_RANGE    "[0123456789]"
 816   char value[BUFLEN + 1];
 817   char value2[BUFLEN + 1];
 818   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE "." "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, value2, &dummy) == 3) {
 819     // Looks like a floating-point number -- try again with more lenient format string
 820     if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 821       return set_fp_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 822     }
 823   }
 824 
 825 #define VALUE_RANGE "[-kmgtxKMGTX0123456789abcdefABCDEF]"
 826   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) VALUE_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 827     return set_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 828   }
 829 
 830   return false;
 831 }
 832 
 833 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
 834   assert(bldarray != NULL, "illegal argument");
 835 
 836   if (arg == NULL) {
 837     return;
 838   }
 839 
 840   int new_count = *count + 1;
 841 
 842   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
 843   if (*bldarray == NULL) {
 844     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, new_count, mtInternal);
 845   } else {
 846     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, new_count, mtInternal);
 847   }
 848   (*bldarray)[*count] = os::strdup_check_oom(arg);
 849   *count = new_count;
 850 }
 851 
 852 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
 853   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
 854 }
 855 
 856 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
 857   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
 858 }
 859 
 860 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
 861 // strings in a given char** array
 862 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
 863   if (args == NULL || count == 0) {
 864     return NULL;
 865   }
 866   size_t length = strlen(args[0]) + 1; // add 1 for the null terminator
 867   for (int i = 1; i < count; i++) {
 868     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space
 869   }
 870   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
 871   strcpy(s, args[0]);
 872   for (int j = 1; j < count; j++) {
 873     strcat(s, " ");
 874     strcat(s, args[j]);
 875   }
 876   return (const char*) s;
 877 }
 878 
 879 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
 880   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
 881   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
 882     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
 883   }
 884   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
 885     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
 886   }
 887   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
 888   if (_java_class_path != NULL) {
 889     char* path = _java_class_path->value();
 890     st->print_cr("java_class_path (initial): %s", strlen(path) == 0 ? "<not set>" : path );
 891   }
 892   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
 893 }
 894 
 895 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
 896   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
 897     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
 898       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
 899     }
 900     st->cr();
 901   }
 902 }
 903 
 904 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
 905   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
 906     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
 907       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
 908     }
 909     st->cr();
 910   }
 911 }
 912 
 913 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg,
 914     jboolean ignore_unrecognized, Flag::Flags origin) {
 915 
 916   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
 917 
 918   if (parse_argument(arg, origin) || ignore_unrecognized) {
 919     return true;
 920   }
 921 
 922   bool has_plus_minus = (*arg == '+' || *arg == '-');
 923   const char* const argname = has_plus_minus ? arg + 1 : arg;
 924   if (is_newly_obsolete(arg, &since)) {
 925     char version[256];
 926     since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
 927     warning("ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", argname, version);
 928     return true;
 929   }
 930 
 931   // For locked flags, report a custom error message if available.
 932   // Otherwise, report the standard unrecognized VM option.
 933 
 934   size_t arg_len;
 935   const char* equal_sign = strchr(argname, '=');
 936   if (equal_sign == NULL) {
 937     arg_len = strlen(argname);
 938   } else {
 939     arg_len = equal_sign - argname;
 940   }
 941 
 942   Flag* found_flag = Flag::find_flag((const char*)argname, arg_len, true, true);
 943   if (found_flag != NULL) {
 944     char locked_message_buf[BUFLEN];
 945     found_flag->get_locked_message(locked_message_buf, BUFLEN);
 946     if (strlen(locked_message_buf) == 0) {
 947       if (found_flag->is_bool() && !has_plus_minus) {
 948         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 949           "Missing +/- setting for VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 950       } else if (!found_flag->is_bool() && has_plus_minus) {
 951         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 952           "Unexpected +/- setting in VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 953       } else {
 954         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 955           "Improperly specified VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 956       }
 957     } else {
 958       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s", locked_message_buf);
 959     }
 960   } else {
 961     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 962                 "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 963     Flag* fuzzy_matched = Flag::fuzzy_match((const char*)argname, arg_len, true);
 964     if (fuzzy_matched != NULL) {
 965       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 966                   "Did you mean '%s%s%s'? ",
 967                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "(+/-)" : "",
 968                   fuzzy_matched->_name,
 969                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "" : "=<value>");
 970       if (is_newly_obsolete(fuzzy_matched->_name, &since)) {
 971         char version[256];
 972         since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
 973         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 974                     "Warning: support for %s was removed in %s\n",
 975                     fuzzy_matched->_name,
 976                     version);
 977       }
 978     }
 979   }
 980 
 981   // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
 982   return arg[0] == '#';
 983 }
 984 
 985 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
 986   FILE* stream = fopen(file_name, "rb");
 987   if (stream == NULL) {
 988     if (should_exist) {
 989       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 990                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
 991       return false;
 992     } else {
 993       return true;
 994     }
 995   }
 996 
 997   char token[1024];
 998   int  pos = 0;
 999 
1000   bool in_white_space = true;
1001   bool in_comment     = false;
1002   bool in_quote       = false;
1003   char quote_c        = 0;
1004   bool result         = true;
1005 
1006   int c = getc(stream);
1007   while(c != EOF && pos < (int)(sizeof(token)-1)) {
1008     if (in_white_space) {
1009       if (in_comment) {
1010         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
1011       } else {
1012         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
1013         else if (!isspace(c)) {
1014           in_white_space = false;
1015           token[pos++] = c;
1016         }
1017       }
1018     } else {
1019       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace(c))) {
1020         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
1021         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
1022         token[pos] = '\0';
1023         logOption(token);
1024         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
1025         build_jvm_flags(token);
1026         pos = 0;
1027         in_white_space = true;
1028         in_quote = false;
1029       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
1030         in_quote = true;
1031         quote_c = c;
1032       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
1033         in_quote = false;
1034       } else {
1035         token[pos++] = c;
1036       }
1037     }
1038     c = getc(stream);
1039   }
1040   if (pos > 0) {
1041     token[pos] = '\0';
1042     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
1043     build_jvm_flags(token);
1044   }
1045   fclose(stream);
1046   return result;
1047 }
1048 
1049 //=============================================================================================================
1050 // Parsing of properties (-D)
1051 
1052 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
1053   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
1054 }
1055 
1056 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop) {
1057   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
1058   char* key;
1059   // ns must be static--its address may be stored in a SystemProperty object.
1060   const static char ns[1] = {0};
1061   char* value = (char *)ns;
1062 
1063   size_t key_len = (eq == NULL) ? strlen(prop) : (eq - prop);
1064   key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, mtInternal);
1065   strncpy(key, prop, key_len);
1066   key[key_len] = '\0';
1067 
1068   if (eq != NULL) {
1069     size_t value_len = strlen(prop) - key_len - 1;
1070     value = AllocateHeap(value_len + 1, mtInternal);
1071     strncpy(value, &prop[key_len + 1], value_len + 1);
1072   }
1073 
1074   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
1075     process_java_compiler_argument(value);
1076     FreeHeap(key);
1077     if (eq != NULL) {
1078       FreeHeap(value);
1079     }
1080     return true;
1081   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
1082     _java_command = value;
1083 
1084     // Record value in Arguments, but let it get passed to Java.
1085   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm") == 0 ||
1086              strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.pid") == 0) {
1087     // sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm and sun.java.launcher.pid property are
1088     // private and are processed in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
1089     // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
1090     FreeHeap(key);
1091     if (eq != NULL) {
1092       FreeHeap(value);
1093     }
1094     return true;
1095   } else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
1096     // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
1097     // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
1098     _java_vendor_url_bug = value;
1099   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.boot.library.path") == 0) {
1100     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, true);
1101     return true;
1102   }
1103   // Create new property and add at the end of the list
1104   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value);
1105   return true;
1106 }
1107 
1108 //===========================================================================================================
1109 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
1110 
1111 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
1112   // Set up default values for all flags.
1113   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
1114   // add a default value for it here.
1115   set_java_compiler(false);
1116   _mode                      = mode;
1117 
1118   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
1119   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
1120   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
1121                           (char*)VM_Version::vm_info_string(), false);
1122 
1123   UseInterpreter             = true;
1124   UseCompiler                = true;
1125   UseLoopCounter             = true;
1126 
1127   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
1128   // use the saved values
1129   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
1130   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1131   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
1132   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
1133 
1134   // Change from defaults based on mode
1135   switch (mode) {
1136   default:
1137     ShouldNotReachHere();
1138     break;
1139   case _int:
1140     UseCompiler              = false;
1141     UseLoopCounter           = false;
1142     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
1143     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
1144     break;
1145   case _mixed:
1146     // same as default
1147     break;
1148   case _comp:
1149     UseInterpreter           = false;
1150     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
1151     ClipInlining             = false;
1152     // Be much more aggressive in tiered mode with -Xcomp and exercise C2 more.
1153     // We will first compile a level 3 version (C1 with full profiling), then do one invocation of it and
1154     // compile a level 4 (C2) and then continue executing it.
1155     if (TieredCompilation) {
1156       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1157       Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1158     }
1159     break;
1160   }
1161 }
1162 
1163 #if defined(COMPILER2) || defined(_LP64) || !INCLUDE_CDS
1164 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
1165 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
1166 
1167 static void no_shared_spaces(const char* message) {
1168   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1169     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1170       "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
1171     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive.", message);
1172   } else {
1173     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
1174   }
1175 }
1176 #endif
1177 
1178 // Returns threshold scaled with CompileThresholdScaling
1179 intx Arguments::get_scaled_compile_threshold(intx threshold) {
1180   return (intx)(threshold * CompileThresholdScaling);
1181 }
1182 
1183 // Returns freq_log scaled with CompileThresholdScaling
1184 intx Arguments::get_scaled_freq_log(intx freq_log) {
1185   intx scaled_freq = get_scaled_compile_threshold((intx)1 << freq_log);
1186   if (scaled_freq == 0) {
1187     return 0;
1188   } else {
1189     return log2_intptr(scaled_freq);
1190   }
1191 }
1192 
1193 void Arguments::set_tiered_flags() {
1194   // With tiered, set default policy to AdvancedThresholdPolicy, which is 3.
1195   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice)) {
1196     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice, 3);
1197   }
1198   if (CompilationPolicyChoice < 2) {
1199     vm_exit_during_initialization(
1200       "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
1201   }
1202   // Increase the code cache size - tiered compiles a lot more.
1203   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1204     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, ReservedCodeCacheSize * 5);
1205   }
1206   // Enable SegmentedCodeCache if TieredCompilation is enabled and ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240M
1207   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SegmentedCodeCache) && ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240*M) {
1208     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, SegmentedCodeCache, true);
1209 
1210     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1211       // Multiply sizes by 5 but fix NonNMethodCodeHeapSize (distribute among non-profiled and profiled code heap)
1212       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ProfiledCodeHeapSize)) {
1213         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, ProfiledCodeHeapSize, ProfiledCodeHeapSize * 5 + NonNMethodCodeHeapSize * 2);
1214       }
1215       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NonProfiledCodeHeapSize)) {
1216         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize * 5 + NonNMethodCodeHeapSize * 2);
1217       }
1218       // Check consistency of code heap sizes
1219       if ((NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize) != ReservedCodeCacheSize) {
1220         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1221                     "Invalid code heap sizes: NonNMethodCodeHeapSize(%dK) + ProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) = %dK. Must be equal to ReservedCodeCacheSize = %uK.\n",
1222                     NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K, ProfiledCodeHeapSize/K, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize/K,
1223                     (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize)/K, ReservedCodeCacheSize/K);
1224         vm_exit(1);
1225       }
1226     }
1227   }
1228   if (!UseInterpreter) { // -Xcomp
1229     Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1230     Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1231   }
1232   // Scale tiered compilation thresholds
1233   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling)) {
1234     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog, get_scaled_freq_log(Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1235     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, get_scaled_freq_log(Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1236 
1237     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvocationThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3InvocationThreshold));
1238     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3MinInvocationThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3MinInvocationThreshold));
1239     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3CompileThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3CompileThreshold));
1240     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackEdgeThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3BackEdgeThreshold));
1241 
1242     // Tier2{Invocation,MinInvocation,Compile,Backedge}Threshold should be scaled here
1243     // once these thresholds become supported.
1244 
1245     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog, get_scaled_freq_log(Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1246     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, get_scaled_freq_log(Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1247 
1248     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog, get_scaled_freq_log(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1249     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, get_scaled_freq_log(Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1250 
1251     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog, get_scaled_freq_log(Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog));
1252 
1253     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4InvocationThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4InvocationThreshold));
1254     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4MinInvocationThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4MinInvocationThreshold));
1255     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4CompileThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4CompileThreshold));
1256     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4BackEdgeThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4BackEdgeThreshold));
1257   }
1258 }
1259 
1260 /**
1261  * Returns the minimum number of compiler threads needed to run the JVM. The following
1262  * configurations are possible.
1263  *
1264  * 1) The JVM is build using an interpreter only. As a result, the minimum number of
1265  *    compiler threads is 0.
1266  * 2) The JVM is build using the compiler(s) and tiered compilation is disabled. As
1267  *    a result, either C1 or C2 is used, so the minimum number of compiler threads is 1.
1268  * 3) The JVM is build using the compiler(s) and tiered compilation is enabled. However,
1269  *    the option "TieredStopAtLevel < CompLevel_full_optimization". As a result, only
1270  *    C1 can be used, so the minimum number of compiler threads is 1.
1271  * 4) The JVM is build using the compilers and tiered compilation is enabled. The option
1272  *    'TieredStopAtLevel = CompLevel_full_optimization' (the default value). As a result,
1273  *    the minimum number of compiler threads is 2.
1274  */
1275 int Arguments::get_min_number_of_compiler_threads() {
1276 #if !defined(COMPILER1) && !defined(COMPILER2) && !defined(SHARK)
1277   return 0;   // case 1
1278 #else
1279   if (!TieredCompilation || (TieredStopAtLevel < CompLevel_full_optimization)) {
1280     return 1; // case 2 or case 3
1281   }
1282   return 2;   // case 4 (tiered)
1283 #endif
1284 }
1285 
1286 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1287 static void disable_adaptive_size_policy(const char* collector_name) {
1288   if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
1289     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy)) {
1290       warning("disabling UseAdaptiveSizePolicy; it is incompatible with %s.",
1291               collector_name);
1292     }
1293     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy, false);
1294   }
1295 }
1296 
1297 void Arguments::set_parnew_gc_flags() {
1298   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC && !UseG1GC,
1299          "control point invariant");
1300   assert(UseConcMarkSweepGC, "CMS is expected to be on here");
1301   assert(UseParNewGC, "ParNew should always be used with CMS");
1302 
1303   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads)) {
1304     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1305     assert(ParallelGCThreads > 0, "We should always have at least one thread by default");
1306   } else if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1307     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1308         "The ParNew GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0\n");
1309     vm_exit(1);
1310   }
1311 
1312   // By default YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize are set to 4096 and 1024 respectively,
1313   // these settings are default for Parallel Scavenger. For ParNew+Tenured configuration
1314   // we set them to 1024 and 1024.
1315   // See CR 6362902.
1316   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize)) {
1317     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1318   }
1319   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1320     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1321   }
1322 
1323   // When using compressed oops, we use local overflow stacks,
1324   // rather than using a global overflow list chained through
1325   // the klass word of the object's pre-image.
1326   if (UseCompressedOops && !ParGCUseLocalOverflow) {
1327     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow)) {
1328       warning("Forcing +ParGCUseLocalOverflow: needed if using compressed references");
1329     }
1330     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow, true);
1331   }
1332   assert(ParGCUseLocalOverflow || !UseCompressedOops, "Error");
1333 }
1334 
1335 // Adjust some sizes to suit CMS and/or ParNew needs; these work well on
1336 // sparc/solaris for certain applications, but would gain from
1337 // further optimization and tuning efforts, and would almost
1338 // certainly gain from analysis of platform and environment.
1339 void Arguments::set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags() {
1340   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC, "Error");
1341   assert(UseConcMarkSweepGC, "CMS is expected to be on here");
1342   assert(UseParNewGC, "ParNew should always be used with CMS");
1343 
1344   // Turn off AdaptiveSizePolicy by default for cms until it is complete.
1345   disable_adaptive_size_policy("UseConcMarkSweepGC");
1346 
1347   set_parnew_gc_flags();
1348 
1349   size_t max_heap = align_size_down(MaxHeapSize,
1350                                     CardTableRS::ct_max_alignment_constraint());
1351 
1352   // Now make adjustments for CMS
1353   intx   tenuring_default = (intx)6;
1354   size_t young_gen_per_worker = CMSYoungGenPerWorker;
1355 
1356   // Preferred young gen size for "short" pauses:
1357   // upper bound depends on # of threads and NewRatio.
1358   const uintx parallel_gc_threads =
1359     (ParallelGCThreads == 0 ? 1 : ParallelGCThreads);
1360   const size_t preferred_max_new_size_unaligned =
1361     MIN2(max_heap/(NewRatio+1), ScaleForWordSize(young_gen_per_worker * parallel_gc_threads));
1362   size_t preferred_max_new_size =
1363     align_size_up(preferred_max_new_size_unaligned, os::vm_page_size());
1364 
1365   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size young gen
1366   // for "short" pauses ~ CMSYoungGenPerWorker*ParallelGCThreads
1367 
1368   // If either MaxNewSize or NewRatio is set on the command line,
1369   // assume the user is trying to set the size of the young gen.
1370   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxNewSize) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewRatio)) {
1371 
1372     // Set MaxNewSize to our calculated preferred_max_new_size unless
1373     // NewSize was set on the command line and it is larger than
1374     // preferred_max_new_size.
1375     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {   // NewSize explicitly set at command-line
1376       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxNewSize, MAX2(NewSize, preferred_max_new_size));
1377     } else {
1378       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxNewSize, preferred_max_new_size);
1379     }
1380     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1381       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1382       tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set MaxNewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, MaxNewSize);
1383     }
1384 
1385     // Code along this path potentially sets NewSize and OldSize
1386     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1387       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1388       tty->print_cr("CMS set min_heap_size: " SIZE_FORMAT
1389            " initial_heap_size:  " SIZE_FORMAT
1390            " max_heap: " SIZE_FORMAT,
1391            min_heap_size(), InitialHeapSize, max_heap);
1392     }
1393     size_t min_new = preferred_max_new_size;
1394     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(NewSize)) {
1395       min_new = NewSize;
1396     }
1397     if (max_heap > min_new && min_heap_size() > min_new) {
1398       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, make young gen
1399       // at least min_new, and at most preferred_max_new_size.
1400       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1401         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NewSize, MAX2(NewSize, min_new));
1402         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NewSize, MIN2(preferred_max_new_size, NewSize));
1403         if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1404           // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1405           tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set NewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, NewSize);
1406         }
1407       }
1408       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size old gen
1409       // so it's NewRatio x of NewSize.
1410       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldSize)) {
1411         if (max_heap > NewSize) {
1412           FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, OldSize, MIN2(NewRatio*NewSize, max_heap - NewSize));
1413           if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1414             // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1415             tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set OldSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, OldSize);
1416           }
1417         }
1418       }
1419     }
1420   }
1421   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, definitely
1422   // promote all objects surviving "tenuring_default" scavenges.
1423   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxTenuringThreshold) &&
1424       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1425     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, tenuring_default);
1426   }
1427   // If we decided above (or user explicitly requested)
1428   // `promote all' (via MaxTenuringThreshold := 0),
1429   // prefer minuscule survivor spaces so as not to waste
1430   // space for (non-existent) survivors
1431   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio) && MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
1432     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, SurvivorRatio, MAX2((uintx)1024, SurvivorRatio));
1433   }
1434   // If OldPLABSize is set and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim is not,
1435   // set CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim equal to OldPLABSize.
1436   // This is done in order to make ParNew+CMS configuration to work
1437   // with YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize options.
1438   // See CR 6362902.
1439   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1440     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim)) {
1441       // OldPLABSize is not the default value but CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim
1442       // is.  In this situation let CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim follow
1443       // the value (either from the command line or ergonomics) of
1444       // OldPLABSize.  Following OldPLABSize is an ergonomics decision.
1445       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, OldPLABSize);
1446     } else {
1447       // OldPLABSize and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim are both set.
1448       // CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim is a collector-specific flag, so
1449       // we'll let it to take precedence.
1450       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1451                   "Both OldPLABSize and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim"
1452                   " options are specified for the CMS collector."
1453                   " CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim will take precedence.\n");
1454     }
1455   }
1456   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ResizeOldPLAB) && !ResizeOldPLAB) {
1457     // OldPLAB sizing manually turned off: Use a larger default setting,
1458     // unless it was manually specified. This is because a too-low value
1459     // will slow down scavenges.
1460     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim)) {
1461       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, 50); // default value before 6631166
1462     }
1463   }
1464   // Overwrite OldPLABSize which is the variable we will internally use everywhere.
1465   FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, OldPLABSize, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim);
1466   // If either of the static initialization defaults have changed, note this
1467   // modification.
1468   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABWeight)) {
1469     CFLS_LAB::modify_initialization(OldPLABSize, OldPLABWeight);
1470   }
1471   if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1472     tty->print_cr("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk",
1473       (unsigned int) (MarkStackSize / K), (uint) (MarkStackSizeMax / K));
1474     tty->print_cr("ConcGCThreads: %u", (uint) ConcGCThreads);
1475   }
1476 }
1477 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1478 
1479 void set_object_alignment() {
1480   // Object alignment.
1481   assert(is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes), "ObjectAlignmentInBytes must be power of 2");
1482   MinObjAlignmentInBytes     = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1483   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes >= HeapWordsPerLong * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is too small");
1484   MinObjAlignment            = MinObjAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
1485   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes == MinObjAlignment * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is incorrect");
1486   MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask = MinObjAlignmentInBytes - 1;
1487 
1488   LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes  = exact_log2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1489   LogMinObjAlignment         = LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
1490 
1491   // Oop encoding heap max
1492   OopEncodingHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1493 
1494 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1495   // Set CMS global values
1496   CompactibleFreeListSpace::set_cms_values();
1497 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1498 }
1499 
1500 bool verify_object_alignment() {
1501   // Object alignment.
1502   if (!is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes)) {
1503     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1504                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must be power of 2\n",
1505                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1506     return false;
1507   }
1508   if ((int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes < BytesPerLong) {
1509     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1510                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must be greater or equal %d\n",
1511                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes, BytesPerLong);
1512     return false;
1513   }
1514   // It does not make sense to have big object alignment
1515   // since a space lost due to alignment will be greater
1516   // then a saved space from compressed oops.
1517   if ((int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes > 256) {
1518     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1519                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must not be greater than 256\n",
1520                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1521     return false;
1522   }
1523   // In case page size is very small.
1524   if ((int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes >= os::vm_page_size()) {
1525     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1526                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must be less than page size %d\n",
1527                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes, os::vm_page_size());
1528     return false;
1529   }
1530   if(SurvivorAlignmentInBytes == 0) {
1531     SurvivorAlignmentInBytes = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1532   } else {
1533     if (!is_power_of_2(SurvivorAlignmentInBytes)) {
1534       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1535             "error: SurvivorAlignmentInBytes=%d must be power of 2\n",
1536             (int)SurvivorAlignmentInBytes);
1537       return false;
1538     }
1539     if (SurvivorAlignmentInBytes < ObjectAlignmentInBytes) {
1540       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1541           "error: SurvivorAlignmentInBytes=%d must be greater than ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d \n",
1542           (int)SurvivorAlignmentInBytes, (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1543       return false;
1544     }
1545   }
1546   return true;
1547 }
1548 
1549 size_t Arguments::max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1550   // Avoid sign flip.
1551   assert(OopEncodingHeapMax > (uint64_t)os::vm_page_size(), "Unusual page size");
1552   // We need to fit both the NULL page and the heap into the memory budget, while
1553   // keeping alignment constraints of the heap. To guarantee the latter, as the
1554   // NULL page is located before the heap, we pad the NULL page to the conservative
1555   // maximum alignment that the GC may ever impose upon the heap.
1556   size_t displacement_due_to_null_page = align_size_up_(os::vm_page_size(),
1557                                                         _conservative_max_heap_alignment);
1558 
1559   LP64_ONLY(return OopEncodingHeapMax - displacement_due_to_null_page);
1560   NOT_LP64(ShouldNotReachHere(); return 0);
1561 }
1562 
1563 bool Arguments::should_auto_select_low_pause_collector() {
1564   if (UseAutoGCSelectPolicy &&
1565       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxGCPauseMillis) &&
1566       (MaxGCPauseMillis <= AutoGCSelectPauseMillis)) {
1567     if (PrintGCDetails) {
1568       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1569       tty->print_cr("Automatic selection of the low pause collector"
1570        " based on pause goal of %d (ms)", (int) MaxGCPauseMillis);
1571     }
1572     return true;
1573   }
1574   return false;
1575 }
1576 
1577 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_oops() {
1578 #ifndef ZERO
1579 #ifdef _LP64
1580   // MaxHeapSize is not set up properly at this point, but
1581   // the only value that can override MaxHeapSize if we are
1582   // to use UseCompressedOops is InitialHeapSize.
1583   size_t max_heap_size = MAX2(MaxHeapSize, InitialHeapSize);
1584 
1585   if (max_heap_size <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1586 #if !defined(COMPILER1) || defined(TIERED)
1587     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1588       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedOops, true);
1589     }
1590 #endif
1591 #ifdef _WIN64
1592     if (UseLargePages && UseCompressedOops) {
1593       // Cannot allocate guard pages for implicit checks in indexed addressing
1594       // mode, when large pages are specified on windows.
1595       // This flag could be switched ON if narrow oop base address is set to 0,
1596       // see code in Universe::initialize_heap().
1597       Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(false);
1598     }
1599 #endif //  _WIN64
1600   } else {
1601     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1602       warning("Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1603       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1604       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1605     }
1606   }
1607 #endif // _LP64
1608 #endif // ZERO
1609 }
1610 
1611 
1612 // NOTE: set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1613 // set_use_compressed_oops().
1614 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() {
1615 #ifndef ZERO
1616 #ifdef _LP64
1617   // UseCompressedOops must be on for UseCompressedClassPointers to be on.
1618   if (!UseCompressedOops) {
1619     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1620       warning("UseCompressedClassPointers requires UseCompressedOops");
1621     }
1622     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1623   } else {
1624     // Turn on UseCompressedClassPointers too
1625     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers)) {
1626       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedClassPointers, true);
1627     }
1628     // Check the CompressedClassSpaceSize to make sure we use compressed klass ptrs.
1629     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1630       if (CompressedClassSpaceSize > KlassEncodingMetaspaceMax) {
1631         warning("CompressedClassSpaceSize is too large for UseCompressedClassPointers");
1632         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1633       }
1634     }
1635   }
1636 #endif // _LP64
1637 #endif // !ZERO
1638 }
1639 
1640 void Arguments::set_conservative_max_heap_alignment() {
1641   // The conservative maximum required alignment for the heap is the maximum of
1642   // the alignments imposed by several sources: any requirements from the heap
1643   // itself, the collector policy and the maximum page size we may run the VM
1644   // with.
1645   size_t heap_alignment = GenCollectedHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1646 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1647   if (UseParallelGC) {
1648     heap_alignment = ParallelScavengeHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1649   } else if (UseG1GC) {
1650     heap_alignment = G1CollectedHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1651   }
1652 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1653   _conservative_max_heap_alignment = MAX4(heap_alignment,
1654                                           (size_t)os::vm_allocation_granularity(),
1655                                           os::max_page_size(),
1656                                           CollectorPolicy::compute_heap_alignment());
1657 }
1658 
1659 void Arguments::select_gc_ergonomically() {
1660   if (os::is_server_class_machine()) {
1661     if (should_auto_select_low_pause_collector()) {
1662       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
1663     } else {
1664       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
1665     }
1666   }
1667 }
1668 
1669 void Arguments::select_gc() {
1670   if (!gc_selected()) {
1671     ArgumentsExt::select_gc_ergonomically();
1672   }
1673 }
1674 
1675 void Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1676   select_gc();
1677 
1678 #ifdef COMPILER2
1679   // Shared spaces work fine with other GCs but causes bytecode rewriting
1680   // to be disabled, which hurts interpreter performance and decreases
1681   // server performance.  When -server is specified, keep the default off
1682   // unless it is asked for.  Future work: either add bytecode rewriting
1683   // at link time, or rewrite bytecodes in non-shared methods.
1684   if (!DumpSharedSpaces && !RequireSharedSpaces &&
1685       (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces) || !UseSharedSpaces)) {
1686     no_shared_spaces("COMPILER2 default: -Xshare:auto | off, have to manually setup to on.");
1687   }
1688 #endif
1689 
1690   set_conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1691 
1692 #ifndef ZERO
1693 #ifdef _LP64
1694   set_use_compressed_oops();
1695 
1696   // set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1697   // set_use_compressed_oops().
1698   set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs();
1699 
1700   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1701   // in vm_version initialization code.
1702 #endif // _LP64
1703 #endif // !ZERO
1704 }
1705 
1706 void Arguments::set_parallel_gc_flags() {
1707   assert(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC, "Error");
1708   // Enable ParallelOld unless it was explicitly disabled (cmd line or rc file).
1709   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC)) {
1710     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC, true);
1711   }
1712   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC, true);
1713 
1714   // If no heap maximum was requested explicitly, use some reasonable fraction
1715   // of the physical memory, up to a maximum of 1GB.
1716   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
1717                    Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1718   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1719     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1720         "The Parallel GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0\n");
1721     vm_exit(1);
1722   }
1723 
1724   if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
1725     // We don't want to limit adaptive heap sizing's freedom to adjust the heap
1726     // unless the user actually sets these flags.
1727     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapFreeRatio)) {
1728       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapFreeRatio, 0);
1729       _min_heap_free_ratio = MinHeapFreeRatio;
1730     }
1731     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapFreeRatio)) {
1732       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxHeapFreeRatio, 100);
1733       _max_heap_free_ratio = MaxHeapFreeRatio;
1734     }
1735   }
1736 
1737   // If InitialSurvivorRatio or MinSurvivorRatio were not specified, but the
1738   // SurvivorRatio has been set, reset their default values to SurvivorRatio +
1739   // 2.  By doing this we make SurvivorRatio also work for Parallel Scavenger.
1740   // See CR 6362902 for details.
1741   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1742     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio)) {
1743        FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1744     }
1745     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio)) {
1746       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1747     }
1748   }
1749 
1750   if (UseParallelOldGC) {
1751     // Par compact uses lower default values since they are treated as
1752     // minimums.  These are different defaults because of the different
1753     // interpretation and are not ergonomically set.
1754     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio)) {
1755       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio, 1);
1756     }
1757   }
1758 }
1759 
1760 void Arguments::set_g1_gc_flags() {
1761   assert(UseG1GC, "Error");
1762 #ifdef COMPILER1
1763   FastTLABRefill = false;
1764 #endif
1765   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1766   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1767     assert(!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads), "The default value for ParallelGCThreads should not be 0.");
1768     vm_exit_during_initialization("The flag -XX:+UseG1GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0", NULL);
1769   }
1770 
1771 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1772   if (G1ConcRefinementThreads == 0) {
1773     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(G1ConcRefinementThreads, ParallelGCThreads);
1774   }
1775 #endif
1776 
1777   // MarkStackSize will be set (if it hasn't been set by the user)
1778   // when concurrent marking is initialized.
1779   // Its value will be based upon the number of parallel marking threads.
1780   // But we do set the maximum mark stack size here.
1781   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkStackSizeMax)) {
1782     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkStackSizeMax, 128 * TASKQUEUE_SIZE);
1783   }
1784 
1785   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio) || GCTimeRatio == 0) {
1786     // In G1, we want the default GC overhead goal to be higher than
1787     // say in PS. So we set it here to 10%. Otherwise the heap might
1788     // be expanded more aggressively than we would like it to. In
1789     // fact, even 10% seems to not be high enough in some cases
1790     // (especially small GC stress tests that the main thing they do
1791     // is allocation). We might consider increase it further.
1792     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio, 9);
1793   }
1794 
1795   if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1796     tty->print_cr("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk",
1797       (unsigned int) (MarkStackSize / K), (uint) (MarkStackSizeMax / K));
1798     tty->print_cr("ConcGCThreads: %u", (uint) ConcGCThreads);
1799   }
1800 }
1801 
1802 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1803 #ifdef ASSERT
1804 static bool verify_serial_gc_flags() {
1805   return (UseSerialGC &&
1806         !(UseParNewGC || (UseConcMarkSweepGC) || UseG1GC ||
1807           UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC));
1808 }
1809 #endif // ASSERT
1810 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1811 
1812 void Arguments::set_gc_specific_flags() {
1813 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1814   // Set per-collector flags
1815   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
1816     set_parallel_gc_flags();
1817   } else if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
1818     set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags();
1819   } else if (UseG1GC) {
1820     set_g1_gc_flags();
1821   }
1822   check_deprecated_gc_flags();
1823   if (AssumeMP && !UseSerialGC) {
1824     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads) && ParallelGCThreads == 1) {
1825       warning("If the number of processors is expected to increase from one, then"
1826               " you should configure the number of parallel GC threads appropriately"
1827               " using -XX:ParallelGCThreads=N");
1828     }
1829   }
1830   if (MinHeapFreeRatio == 100) {
1831     // Keeping the heap 100% free is hard ;-) so limit it to 99%.
1832     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, 99);
1833   }
1834 #else // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1835   assert(verify_serial_gc_flags(), "SerialGC unset");
1836 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1837 }
1838 
1839 julong Arguments::limit_by_allocatable_memory(julong limit) {
1840   julong max_allocatable;
1841   julong result = limit;
1842   if (os::has_allocatable_memory_limit(&max_allocatable)) {
1843     result = MIN2(result, max_allocatable / MaxVirtMemFraction);
1844   }
1845   return result;
1846 }
1847 
1848 // Use static initialization to get the default before parsing
1849 static const uintx DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress = HeapBaseMinAddress;
1850 
1851 void Arguments::set_heap_size() {
1852   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DefaultMaxRAMFraction)) {
1853     // Deprecated flag
1854     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxRAMFraction, DefaultMaxRAMFraction);
1855   }
1856 
1857   const julong phys_mem =
1858     FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM) ? MIN2(os::physical_memory(), (julong)MaxRAM)
1859                             : (julong)MaxRAM;
1860 
1861   // If the maximum heap size has not been set with -Xmx,
1862   // then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1863   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1864   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1865     julong reasonable_max = phys_mem / MaxRAMFraction;
1866 
1867     if (phys_mem <= MaxHeapSize * MinRAMFraction) {
1868       // Small physical memory, so use a minimum fraction of it for the heap
1869       reasonable_max = phys_mem / MinRAMFraction;
1870     } else {
1871       // Not-small physical memory, so require a heap at least
1872       // as large as MaxHeapSize
1873       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1874     }
1875     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ErgoHeapSizeLimit) && ErgoHeapSizeLimit != 0) {
1876       // Limit the heap size to ErgoHeapSizeLimit
1877       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, (julong)ErgoHeapSizeLimit);
1878     }
1879     if (UseCompressedOops) {
1880       // Limit the heap size to the maximum possible when using compressed oops
1881       julong max_coop_heap = (julong)max_heap_for_compressed_oops();
1882 
1883       // HeapBaseMinAddress can be greater than default but not less than.
1884       if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress)) {
1885         if (HeapBaseMinAddress < DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress) {
1886           // matches compressed oops printing flags
1887           if (PrintCompressedOopsMode || (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose)) {
1888             jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1889                         "HeapBaseMinAddress must be at least " UINTX_FORMAT
1890                         " (" UINTX_FORMAT "G) which is greater than value given "
1891                         UINTX_FORMAT "\n",
1892                         DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress,
1893                         DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress/G,
1894                         HeapBaseMinAddress);
1895           }
1896           FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, HeapBaseMinAddress, DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress);
1897         }
1898       }
1899 
1900       if (HeapBaseMinAddress + MaxHeapSize < max_coop_heap) {
1901         // Heap should be above HeapBaseMinAddress to get zero based compressed oops
1902         // but it should be not less than default MaxHeapSize.
1903         max_coop_heap -= HeapBaseMinAddress;
1904       }
1905       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, max_coop_heap);
1906     }
1907     reasonable_max = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_max);
1908 
1909     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
1910       // An initial heap size was specified on the command line,
1911       // so be sure that the maximum size is consistent.  Done
1912       // after call to limit_by_allocatable_memory because that
1913       // method might reduce the allocation size.
1914       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)InitialHeapSize);
1915     }
1916 
1917     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1918       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1919       tty->print_cr("  Maximum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t) reasonable_max);
1920     }
1921     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxHeapSize, (uintx)reasonable_max);
1922   }
1923 
1924   // If the minimum or initial heap_size have not been set or requested to be set
1925   // ergonomically, set them accordingly.
1926   if (InitialHeapSize == 0 || min_heap_size() == 0) {
1927     julong reasonable_minimum = (julong)(OldSize + NewSize);
1928 
1929     reasonable_minimum = MIN2(reasonable_minimum, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1930 
1931     reasonable_minimum = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_minimum);
1932 
1933     if (InitialHeapSize == 0) {
1934       julong reasonable_initial = phys_mem / InitialRAMFraction;
1935 
1936       reasonable_initial = MAX3(reasonable_initial, reasonable_minimum, (julong)min_heap_size());
1937       reasonable_initial = MIN2(reasonable_initial, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1938 
1939       reasonable_initial = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_initial);
1940 
1941       if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1942         // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1943         tty->print_cr("  Initial heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (uintx)reasonable_initial);
1944       }
1945       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialHeapSize, (uintx)reasonable_initial);
1946     }
1947     // If the minimum heap size has not been set (via -Xms),
1948     // synchronize with InitialHeapSize to avoid errors with the default value.
1949     if (min_heap_size() == 0) {
1950       set_min_heap_size(MIN2((uintx)reasonable_minimum, InitialHeapSize));
1951       if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1952         // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1953         tty->print_cr("  Minimum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, min_heap_size());
1954       }
1955     }
1956   }
1957 }
1958 
1959 // This must be called after ergonomics because we want bytecode rewriting
1960 // if the server compiler is used, or if UseSharedSpaces is disabled.
1961 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
1962   // Better not attempt to store into a read-only space.
1963   if (UseSharedSpaces) {
1964     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteBytecodes, false);
1965     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1966   }
1967 
1968   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
1969     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1970   }
1971 }
1972 
1973 // Aggressive optimization flags  -XX:+AggressiveOpts
1974 void Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
1975 #ifdef COMPILER2
1976   if (AggressiveUnboxing) {
1977     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1978       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1979     } else if (!EliminateAutoBox) {
1980       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because EliminateAutoBox is disabled");
1981       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1982     }
1983     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
1984       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
1985     } else if (!DoEscapeAnalysis) {
1986       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because DoEscapeAnalysis is disabled");
1987       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1988     }
1989   }
1990   if (AggressiveOpts || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1991     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1992       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1993     }
1994     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1995       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax, 20000);
1996     }
1997 
1998     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
1999     char buffer[1024];
2000     sprintf(buffer, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=" INTX_FORMAT, AutoBoxCacheMax);
2001     add_property(buffer);
2002   }
2003   if (AggressiveOpts && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay)) {
2004     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay, 500);
2005   }
2006 #endif
2007 
2008   if (AggressiveOpts) {
2009 // Sample flag setting code
2010 //    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing)) {
2011 //      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing, true);
2012 //    }
2013   }
2014 }
2015 
2016 //===========================================================================================================
2017 // Parsing of java.compiler property
2018 
2019 void Arguments::process_java_compiler_argument(char* arg) {
2020   // For backwards compatibility, Djava.compiler=NONE or ""
2021   // causes us to switch to -Xint mode UNLESS -Xdebug
2022   // is also specified.
2023   if (strlen(arg) == 0 || strcasecmp(arg, "NONE") == 0) {
2024     set_java_compiler(true);    // "-Djava.compiler[=...]" most recently seen.
2025   }
2026 }
2027 
2028 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
2029   _sun_java_launcher = os::strdup_check_oom(launcher);
2030 }
2031 
2032 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
2033   assert(_sun_java_launcher != NULL, "property must have value");
2034   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
2035 }
2036 
2037 bool Arguments::sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm() {
2038   return _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm;
2039 }
2040 
2041 //===========================================================================================================
2042 // Parsing of main arguments
2043 
2044 bool Arguments::verify_interval(uintx val, uintx min,
2045                                 uintx max, const char* name) {
2046   // Returns true iff value is in the inclusive interval [min..max]
2047   // false, otherwise.
2048   if (val >= min && val <= max) {
2049     return true;
2050   }
2051   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2052               "%s of " UINTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be between " UINTX_FORMAT
2053               " and " UINTX_FORMAT "\n",
2054               name, val, min, max);
2055   return false;
2056 }
2057 
2058 bool Arguments::verify_min_value(intx val, intx min, const char* name) {
2059   // Returns true if given value is at least specified min threshold
2060   // false, otherwise.
2061   if (val >= min ) {
2062       return true;
2063   }
2064   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2065               "%s of " INTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be at least " INTX_FORMAT "\n",
2066               name, val, min);
2067   return false;
2068 }
2069 
2070 bool Arguments::verify_percentage(uintx value, const char* name) {
2071   if (is_percentage(value)) {
2072     return true;
2073   }
2074   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2075               "%s of " UINTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be between 0 and 100\n",
2076               name, value);
2077   return false;
2078 }
2079 
2080 // check if do gclog rotation
2081 // +UseGCLogFileRotation is a must,
2082 // no gc log rotation when log file not supplied or
2083 // NumberOfGCLogFiles is 0
2084 void check_gclog_consistency() {
2085   if (UseGCLogFileRotation) {
2086     if ((Arguments::gc_log_filename() == NULL) || (NumberOfGCLogFiles == 0)) {
2087       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2088                   "To enable GC log rotation, use -Xloggc:<filename> -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=<num_of_files>\n"
2089                   "where num_of_file > 0\n"
2090                   "GC log rotation is turned off\n");
2091       UseGCLogFileRotation = false;
2092     }
2093   }
2094 
2095   if (UseGCLogFileRotation && (GCLogFileSize != 0) && (GCLogFileSize < 8*K)) {
2096     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, GCLogFileSize, 8*K);
2097     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2098                 "GCLogFileSize changed to minimum 8K\n");
2099   }
2100 }
2101 
2102 // This function is called for -Xloggc:<filename>, it can be used
2103 // to check if a given file name(or string) conforms to the following
2104 // specification:
2105 // A valid string only contains "[A-Z][a-z][0-9].-_%[p|t]"
2106 // %p and %t only allowed once. We only limit usage of filename not path
2107 bool is_filename_valid(const char *file_name) {
2108   const char* p = file_name;
2109   char file_sep = os::file_separator()[0];
2110   const char* cp;
2111   // skip prefix path
2112   for (cp = file_name; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
2113     if (*cp == '/' || *cp == file_sep) {
2114       p = cp + 1;
2115     }
2116   }
2117 
2118   int count_p = 0;
2119   int count_t = 0;
2120   while (*p != '\0') {
2121     if ((*p >= '0' && *p <= '9') ||
2122         (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z') ||
2123         (*p >= 'a' && *p <= 'z') ||
2124          *p == '-'               ||
2125          *p == '_'               ||
2126          *p == '.') {
2127        p++;
2128        continue;
2129     }
2130     if (*p == '%') {
2131       if(*(p + 1) == 'p') {
2132         p += 2;
2133         count_p ++;
2134         continue;
2135       }
2136       if (*(p + 1) == 't') {
2137         p += 2;
2138         count_t ++;
2139         continue;
2140       }
2141     }
2142     return false;
2143   }
2144   return count_p < 2 && count_t < 2;
2145 }
2146 
2147 bool Arguments::verify_MinHeapFreeRatio(FormatBuffer<80>& err_msg, uintx min_heap_free_ratio) {
2148   if (!is_percentage(min_heap_free_ratio)) {
2149     err_msg.print("MinHeapFreeRatio must have a value between 0 and 100");
2150     return false;
2151   }
2152   if (min_heap_free_ratio > MaxHeapFreeRatio) {
2153     err_msg.print("MinHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ") must be less than or "
2154                   "equal to MaxHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ")", min_heap_free_ratio,
2155                   MaxHeapFreeRatio);
2156     return false;
2157   }
2158   // This does not set the flag itself, but stores the value in a safe place for later usage.
2159   _min_heap_free_ratio = min_heap_free_ratio;
2160   return true;
2161 }
2162 
2163 bool Arguments::verify_MaxHeapFreeRatio(FormatBuffer<80>& err_msg, uintx max_heap_free_ratio) {
2164   if (!is_percentage(max_heap_free_ratio)) {
2165     err_msg.print("MaxHeapFreeRatio must have a value between 0 and 100");
2166     return false;
2167   }
2168   if (max_heap_free_ratio < MinHeapFreeRatio) {
2169     err_msg.print("MaxHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ") must be greater than or "
2170                   "equal to MinHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ")", max_heap_free_ratio,
2171                   MinHeapFreeRatio);
2172     return false;
2173   }
2174   // This does not set the flag itself, but stores the value in a safe place for later usage.
2175   _max_heap_free_ratio = max_heap_free_ratio;
2176   return true;
2177 }
2178 
2179 // Check consistency of GC selection
2180 bool Arguments::check_gc_consistency_user() {
2181   check_gclog_consistency();
2182   // Ensure that the user has not selected conflicting sets
2183   // of collectors.
2184   uint i = 0;
2185   if (UseSerialGC)                       i++;
2186   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC)                i++;
2187   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) i++;
2188   if (UseG1GC)                           i++;
2189   if (i > 1) {
2190     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2191                 "Conflicting collector combinations in option list; "
2192                 "please refer to the release notes for the combinations "
2193                 "allowed\n");
2194     return false;
2195   }
2196 
2197   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && !UseParNewGC) {
2198     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2199         "It is not possible to combine the DefNew young collector with the CMS collector.\n");
2200     return false;
2201   }
2202 
2203   if (UseParNewGC && !UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
2204     // !UseConcMarkSweepGC means that we are using serial old gc. Unfortunately we don't
2205     // set up UseSerialGC properly, so that can't be used in the check here.
2206     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2207         "It is not possible to combine the ParNew young collector with the Serial old collector.\n");
2208     return false;
2209   }
2210 
2211   return true;
2212 }
2213 
2214 void Arguments::check_deprecated_gc_flags() {
2215   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseParNewGC)) {
2216     warning("The UseParNewGC flag is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release");
2217   }
2218   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(MaxGCMinorPauseMillis)) {
2219     warning("Using MaxGCMinorPauseMillis as minor pause goal is deprecated"
2220             "and will likely be removed in future release");
2221   }
2222   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(DefaultMaxRAMFraction)) {
2223     warning("DefaultMaxRAMFraction is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release. "
2224         "Use MaxRAMFraction instead.");
2225   }
2226 }
2227 
2228 // Check stack pages settings
2229 bool Arguments::check_stack_pages()
2230 {
2231   bool status = true;
2232   status = status && verify_min_value(StackYellowPages, 1, "StackYellowPages");
2233   status = status && verify_min_value(StackRedPages, 1, "StackRedPages");
2234   // greater stack shadow pages can't generate instruction to bang stack
2235   status = status && verify_interval(StackShadowPages, 1, 50, "StackShadowPages");
2236   return status;
2237 }
2238 
2239 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
2240 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
2241   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
2242   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
2243   // before returning an error.
2244   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
2245   bool status = true;
2246 
2247   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
2248     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2249                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
2250                 "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
2251                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
2252     status = false;
2253   }
2254 
2255   status = status && verify_interval(AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight, 0, 100,
2256                               "AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight");
2257   status = status && verify_percentage(ThresholdTolerance, "ThresholdTolerance");
2258 
2259   // Divide by bucket size to prevent a large size from causing rollover when
2260   // calculating amount of memory needed to be allocated for the String table.
2261   status = status && verify_interval(StringTableSize, minimumStringTableSize,
2262     (max_uintx / StringTable::bucket_size()), "StringTable size");
2263 
2264   status = status && verify_interval(SymbolTableSize, minimumSymbolTableSize,
2265     (max_uintx / SymbolTable::bucket_size()), "SymbolTable size");
2266 
2267   {
2268     // Using "else if" below to avoid printing two error messages if min > max.
2269     // This will also prevent us from reporting both min>100 and max>100 at the
2270     // same time, but that is less annoying than printing two identical errors IMHO.
2271     FormatBuffer<80> err_msg("%s","");
2272     if (!verify_MinHeapFreeRatio(err_msg, MinHeapFreeRatio)) {
2273       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s\n", err_msg.buffer());
2274       status = false;
2275     } else if (!verify_MaxHeapFreeRatio(err_msg, MaxHeapFreeRatio)) {
2276       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s\n", err_msg.buffer());
2277       status = false;
2278     }
2279   }
2280 
2281   // Min/MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio
2282   status = status && verify_percentage(MinMetaspaceFreeRatio, "MinMetaspaceFreeRatio");
2283   status = status && verify_percentage(MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio, "MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio");
2284 
2285   if (MinMetaspaceFreeRatio > MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio) {
2286     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2287                 "MinMetaspaceFreeRatio (%s" UINTX_FORMAT ") must be less than or "
2288                 "equal to MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio (%s" UINTX_FORMAT ")\n",
2289                 FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinMetaspaceFreeRatio) ? "Default: " : "",
2290                 MinMetaspaceFreeRatio,
2291                 FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio) ? "Default: " : "",
2292                 MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio);
2293     status = false;
2294   }
2295 
2296   // Trying to keep 100% free is not practical
2297   MinMetaspaceFreeRatio = MIN2(MinMetaspaceFreeRatio, (uintx) 99);
2298 
2299   if (FullGCALot && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount)) {
2300     MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount = 1;  // Move objects every gc.
2301   }
2302 
2303   if (UseParallelOldGC && ParallelOldGCSplitALot) {
2304     // Settings to encourage splitting.
2305     if (!FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(NewRatio)) {
2306       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewRatio, 2);
2307     }
2308     if (!FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
2309       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2310     }
2311   }
2312 
2313   if (!(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
2314     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2315   }
2316 
2317   status = status && verify_percentage(GCHeapFreeLimit, "GCHeapFreeLimit");
2318   status = status && verify_percentage(GCTimeLimit, "GCTimeLimit");
2319   if (GCTimeLimit == 100) {
2320     // Turn off gc-overhead-limit-exceeded checks
2321     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
2322   }
2323 
2324   status = status && check_gc_consistency_user();
2325   status = status && check_stack_pages();
2326 
2327   status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor,
2328                                     "CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor");
2329 
2330   // CMS space iteration, which FLSVerifyAllHeapreferences entails,
2331   // insists that we hold the requisite locks so that the iteration is
2332   // MT-safe. For the verification at start-up and shut-down, we don't
2333   // yet have a good way of acquiring and releasing these locks,
2334   // which are not visible at the CollectedHeap level. We want to
2335   // be able to acquire these locks and then do the iteration rather
2336   // than just disable the lock verification. This will be fixed under
2337   // bug 4788986.
2338   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences) {
2339     if (VerifyDuringStartup) {
2340       warning("Heap verification at start-up disabled "
2341               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2342       VerifyDuringStartup = false; // Disable verification at start-up
2343     }
2344 
2345     if (VerifyBeforeExit) {
2346       warning("Heap verification at shutdown disabled "
2347               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2348       VerifyBeforeExit = false; // Disable verification at shutdown
2349     }
2350   }
2351 
2352   // Note: only executed in non-PRODUCT mode
2353   if (!UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC &&
2354       (ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent ||
2355        ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses)) {
2356     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2357                 "error: +ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent[AndUnloadsClasses] conflicts"
2358                 " with -UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC");
2359     status = false;
2360   }
2361 
2362   status = status && verify_min_value(ParGCArrayScanChunk, 1, "ParGCArrayScanChunk");
2363 
2364 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
2365   if (UseG1GC) {
2366     status = status && verify_percentage(G1NewSizePercent, "G1NewSizePercent");
2367     status = status && verify_percentage(G1MaxNewSizePercent, "G1MaxNewSizePercent");
2368     status = status && verify_interval(G1NewSizePercent, 0, G1MaxNewSizePercent, "G1NewSizePercent");
2369 
2370     status = status && verify_percentage(InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent,
2371                                          "InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent");
2372     status = status && verify_min_value(G1RefProcDrainInterval, 1,
2373                                         "G1RefProcDrainInterval");
2374     status = status && verify_min_value((intx)G1ConcMarkStepDurationMillis, 1,
2375                                         "G1ConcMarkStepDurationMillis");
2376     status = status && verify_interval(G1ConcRSHotCardLimit, 0, max_jubyte,
2377                                        "G1ConcRSHotCardLimit");
2378     status = status && verify_interval(G1ConcRSLogCacheSize, 0, 31,
2379                                        "G1ConcRSLogCacheSize");
2380     status = status && verify_interval(StringDeduplicationAgeThreshold, 1, markOopDesc::max_age,
2381                                        "StringDeduplicationAgeThreshold");
2382   }
2383   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
2384     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSOldPLABNumRefills, 1, "CMSOldPLABNumRefills");
2385     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSOldPLABToleranceFactor, 1, "CMSOldPLABToleranceFactor");
2386     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSOldPLABMax, 1, "CMSOldPLABMax");
2387     status = status && verify_interval(CMSOldPLABMin, 1, CMSOldPLABMax, "CMSOldPLABMin");
2388 
2389     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSYoungGenPerWorker, 1, "CMSYoungGenPerWorker");
2390 
2391     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSSamplingGrain, 1, "CMSSamplingGrain");
2392     status = status && verify_interval(CMS_SweepWeight, 0, 100, "CMS_SweepWeight");
2393     status = status && verify_interval(CMS_FLSWeight, 0, 100, "CMS_FLSWeight");
2394 
2395     status = status && verify_interval(FLSCoalescePolicy, 0, 4, "FLSCoalescePolicy");
2396 
2397     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSRescanMultiple, 1, "CMSRescanMultiple");
2398     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSConcMarkMultiple, 1, "CMSConcMarkMultiple");
2399 
2400     status = status && verify_interval(CMSPrecleanIter, 0, 9, "CMSPrecleanIter");
2401     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSPrecleanDenominator, 1, "CMSPrecleanDenominator");
2402     status = status && verify_interval(CMSPrecleanNumerator, 0, CMSPrecleanDenominator - 1, "CMSPrecleanNumerator");
2403 
2404     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSBootstrapOccupancy, "CMSBootstrapOccupancy");
2405 
2406     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSPrecleanThreshold, 100, "CMSPrecleanThreshold");
2407 
2408     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSScheduleRemarkEdenPenetration, "CMSScheduleRemarkEdenPenetration");
2409     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSScheduleRemarkSamplingRatio, 1, "CMSScheduleRemarkSamplingRatio");
2410     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSBitMapYieldQuantum, 1, "CMSBitMapYieldQuantum");
2411     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSTriggerRatio, "CMSTriggerRatio");
2412     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIsTooFullPercentage, "CMSIsTooFullPercentage");
2413   }
2414 
2415   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
2416     status = status && verify_interval(ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterMean, 0, 100, "ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterMean");
2417     status = status && verify_interval(ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterStdDev, 0, 100, "ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterStdDev");
2418 
2419     status = status && verify_percentage(YoungGenerationSizeIncrement, "YoungGenerationSizeIncrement");
2420     status = status && verify_percentage(TenuredGenerationSizeIncrement, "TenuredGenerationSizeIncrement");
2421 
2422     status = status && verify_min_value(YoungGenerationSizeSupplementDecay, 1, "YoungGenerationSizeSupplementDecay");
2423     status = status && verify_min_value(TenuredGenerationSizeSupplementDecay, 1, "TenuredGenerationSizeSupplementDecay");
2424 
2425     status = status && verify_min_value(ParGCCardsPerStrideChunk, 1, "ParGCCardsPerStrideChunk");
2426 
2427     status = status && verify_min_value(ParallelOldGCSplitInterval, 0, "ParallelOldGCSplitInterval");
2428   }
2429 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
2430 
2431   status = status && verify_interval(RefDiscoveryPolicy,
2432                                      ReferenceProcessor::DiscoveryPolicyMin,
2433                                      ReferenceProcessor::DiscoveryPolicyMax,
2434                                      "RefDiscoveryPolicy");
2435 
2436   // Limit the lower bound of this flag to 1 as it is used in a division
2437   // expression.
2438   status = status && verify_interval(TLABWasteTargetPercent,
2439                                      1, 100, "TLABWasteTargetPercent");
2440 
2441   status = status && verify_object_alignment();
2442 
2443   status = status && verify_interval(CompressedClassSpaceSize, 1*M, 3*G,
2444                                       "CompressedClassSpaceSize");
2445 
2446   status = status && verify_interval(MarkStackSizeMax,
2447                                   1, (max_jint - 1), "MarkStackSizeMax");
2448   status = status && verify_interval(NUMAChunkResizeWeight, 0, 100, "NUMAChunkResizeWeight");
2449 
2450   status = status && verify_min_value(LogEventsBufferEntries, 1, "LogEventsBufferEntries");
2451 
2452   status = status && verify_min_value(HeapSizePerGCThread, (uintx) os::vm_page_size(), "HeapSizePerGCThread");
2453 
2454   status = status && verify_min_value(GCTaskTimeStampEntries, 1, "GCTaskTimeStampEntries");
2455 
2456   status = status && verify_percentage(ParallelGCBufferWastePct, "ParallelGCBufferWastePct");
2457   status = status && verify_interval(TargetPLABWastePct, 1, 100, "TargetPLABWastePct");
2458 
2459   status = status && verify_min_value(ParGCStridesPerThread, 1, "ParGCStridesPerThread");
2460 
2461   status = status && verify_min_value(MinRAMFraction, 1, "MinRAMFraction");
2462   status = status && verify_min_value(InitialRAMFraction, 1, "InitialRAMFraction");
2463   status = status && verify_min_value(MaxRAMFraction, 1, "MaxRAMFraction");
2464   status = status && verify_min_value(DefaultMaxRAMFraction, 1, "DefaultMaxRAMFraction");
2465 
2466   status = status && verify_interval(AdaptiveTimeWeight, 0, 100, "AdaptiveTimeWeight");
2467   status = status && verify_min_value(AdaptiveSizeDecrementScaleFactor, 1, "AdaptiveSizeDecrementScaleFactor");
2468 
2469   status = status && verify_interval(TLABAllocationWeight, 0, 100, "TLABAllocationWeight");
2470   status = status && verify_min_value(MinTLABSize, 1, "MinTLABSize");
2471   status = status && verify_min_value(TLABRefillWasteFraction, 1, "TLABRefillWasteFraction");
2472 
2473   status = status && verify_percentage(YoungGenerationSizeSupplement, "YoungGenerationSizeSupplement");
2474   status = status && verify_percentage(TenuredGenerationSizeSupplement, "TenuredGenerationSizeSupplement");
2475 
2476   status = status && verify_interval(MaxTenuringThreshold, 0, markOopDesc::max_age + 1, "MaxTenuringThreshold");
2477   status = status && verify_interval(InitialTenuringThreshold, 0, MaxTenuringThreshold, "InitialTenuringThreshold");
2478   status = status && verify_percentage(TargetSurvivorRatio, "TargetSurvivorRatio");
2479   status = status && verify_percentage(MarkSweepDeadRatio, "MarkSweepDeadRatio");
2480 
2481   status = status && verify_min_value(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount, 1, "MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount");
2482 #ifdef COMPILER1
2483   status = status && verify_min_value(ValueMapInitialSize, 1, "ValueMapInitialSize");
2484 #endif
2485 
2486   if (PrintNMTStatistics) {
2487 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2488     if (MemTracker::tracking_level() == NMT_off) {
2489 #endif // INCLUDE_NMT
2490       warning("PrintNMTStatistics is disabled, because native memory tracking is not enabled");
2491       PrintNMTStatistics = false;
2492 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2493     }
2494 #endif
2495   }
2496 
2497   // Need to limit the extent of the padding to reasonable size.
2498   // 8K is well beyond the reasonable HW cache line size, even with the
2499   // aggressive prefetching, while still leaving the room for segregating
2500   // among the distinct pages.
2501   if (ContendedPaddingWidth < 0 || ContendedPaddingWidth > 8192) {
2502     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2503                 "ContendedPaddingWidth=" INTX_FORMAT " must be in between %d and %d\n",
2504                 ContendedPaddingWidth, 0, 8192);
2505     status = false;
2506   }
2507 
2508   // Need to enforce the padding not to break the existing field alignments.
2509   // It is sufficient to check against the largest type size.
2510   if ((ContendedPaddingWidth % BytesPerLong) != 0) {
2511     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2512                 "ContendedPaddingWidth=" INTX_FORMAT " must be a multiple of %d\n",
2513                 ContendedPaddingWidth, BytesPerLong);
2514     status = false;
2515   }
2516 
2517   // Check lower bounds of the code cache
2518   // Template Interpreter code is approximately 3X larger in debug builds.
2519   uint min_code_cache_size = CodeCacheMinimumUseSpace DEBUG_ONLY(* 3);
2520   if (InitialCodeCacheSize < (uintx)os::vm_page_size()) {
2521     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2522                 "Invalid InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %dK.\n", InitialCodeCacheSize/K,
2523                 os::vm_page_size()/K);
2524     status = false;
2525   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < InitialCodeCacheSize) {
2526     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2527                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize: %dK. Must be at least InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK.\n",
2528                 ReservedCodeCacheSize/K, InitialCodeCacheSize/K);
2529     status = false;
2530   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < min_code_cache_size) {
2531     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2532                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/K,
2533                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2534     status = false;
2535   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize > 2*G) {
2536     // Code cache size larger than MAXINT is not supported.
2537     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2538                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dM. Must be at most %uM.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/M,
2539                 (2*G)/M);
2540     status = false;
2541   } else if (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize < min_code_cache_size){
2542     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2543                 "Invalid NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K,
2544                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2545     status = false;
2546   } else if ((!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NonNMethodCodeHeapSize) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ProfiledCodeHeapSize) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NonProfiledCodeHeapSize))
2547              && (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize) != ReservedCodeCacheSize) {
2548     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2549                 "Invalid code heap sizes: NonNMethodCodeHeapSize(%dK) + ProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) = %dK. Must be equal to ReservedCodeCacheSize = %uK.\n",
2550                 NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K, ProfiledCodeHeapSize/K, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize/K,
2551                 (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize)/K, ReservedCodeCacheSize/K);
2552     status = false;
2553   }
2554 
2555   status &= verify_interval(NmethodSweepActivity, 0, 2000, "NmethodSweepActivity");
2556   status &= verify_interval(CodeCacheMinBlockLength, 1, 100, "CodeCacheMinBlockLength");
2557   status &= verify_interval(CodeCacheSegmentSize, 1, 1024, "CodeCacheSegmentSize");
2558   status &= verify_interval(StartAggressiveSweepingAt, 0, 100, "StartAggressiveSweepingAt");
2559 
2560 
2561   int min_number_of_compiler_threads = get_min_number_of_compiler_threads();
2562   // The default CICompilerCount's value is CI_COMPILER_COUNT.
2563   assert(min_number_of_compiler_threads <= CI_COMPILER_COUNT, "minimum should be less or equal default number");
2564   // Check the minimum number of compiler threads
2565   status &=verify_min_value(CICompilerCount, min_number_of_compiler_threads, "CICompilerCount");
2566 
2567   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCount) && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCountPerCPU) && CICompilerCountPerCPU) {
2568     warning("The VM option CICompilerCountPerCPU overrides CICompilerCount.");
2569   }
2570 
2571   return status;
2572 }
2573 
2574 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
2575   const char* option_type) {
2576   if (ignore) return false;
2577 
2578   const char* spacer = " ";
2579   if (option_type == NULL) {
2580     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
2581   }
2582 
2583   if (os::obsolete_option(option)) {
2584     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2585                 "Obsolete %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2586       option->optionString);
2587     return false;
2588   } else {
2589     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2590                 "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2591       option->optionString);
2592     return true;
2593   }
2594 }
2595 
2596 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
2597   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", 0
2598 };
2599 
2600 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
2601   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", 0
2602 };
2603 
2604 bool Arguments::parse_uintx(const char* value,
2605                             uintx* uintx_arg,
2606                             uintx min_size) {
2607 
2608   // Check the sign first since atomull() parses only unsigned values.
2609   bool value_is_positive = !(*value == '-');
2610 
2611   if (value_is_positive) {
2612     julong n;
2613     bool good_return = atomull(value, &n);
2614     if (good_return) {
2615       bool above_minimum = n >= min_size;
2616       bool value_is_too_large = n > max_uintx;
2617 
2618       if (above_minimum && !value_is_too_large) {
2619         *uintx_arg = n;
2620         return true;
2621       }
2622     }
2623   }
2624   return false;
2625 }
2626 
2627 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
2628                                                   julong* long_arg,
2629                                                   julong min_size) {
2630   if (!atomull(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
2631   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size);
2632 }
2633 
2634 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
2635 
2636 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
2637   // For components of the system classpath.
2638   SysClassPath scp(Arguments::get_sysclasspath());
2639   bool scp_assembly_required = false;
2640 
2641   // Save default settings for some mode flags
2642   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
2643   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
2644   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
2645   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
2646 
2647   // Setup flags for mixed which is the default
2648   set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2649 
2650   // Parse JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment variable (if present)
2651   jint result = parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&scp, &scp_assembly_required);
2652   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2653     return result;
2654   }
2655 
2656   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in
2657   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(args, &scp, &scp_assembly_required, Flag::COMMAND_LINE);
2658   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2659     return result;
2660   }
2661 
2662   // Parse _JAVA_OPTIONS environment variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
2663   result = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&scp, &scp_assembly_required);
2664   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2665     return result;
2666   }
2667 
2668   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
2669   result = finalize_vm_init_args(&scp, scp_assembly_required);
2670   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2671     return result;
2672   }
2673 
2674   return JNI_OK;
2675 }
2676 
2677 // Checks if name in command-line argument -agent{lib,path}:name[=options]
2678 // represents a valid HPROF of JDWP agent.  is_path==true denotes that we
2679 // are dealing with -agentpath (case where name is a path), otherwise with
2680 // -agentlib
2681 bool valid_hprof_or_jdwp_agent(char *name, bool is_path) {
2682   char *_name;
2683   const char *_hprof = "hprof", *_jdwp = "jdwp";
2684   size_t _len_hprof, _len_jdwp, _len_prefix;
2685 
2686   if (is_path) {
2687     if ((_name = strrchr(name, (int) *os::file_separator())) == NULL) {
2688       return false;
2689     }
2690 
2691     _name++;  // skip past last path separator
2692     _len_prefix = strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX);
2693 
2694     if (strncmp(_name, JNI_LIB_PREFIX, _len_prefix) != 0) {
2695       return false;
2696     }
2697 
2698     _name += _len_prefix;
2699     _len_hprof = strlen(_hprof);
2700     _len_jdwp = strlen(_jdwp);
2701 
2702     if (strncmp(_name, _hprof, _len_hprof) == 0) {
2703       _name += _len_hprof;
2704     }
2705     else if (strncmp(_name, _jdwp, _len_jdwp) == 0) {
2706       _name += _len_jdwp;
2707     }
2708     else {
2709       return false;
2710     }
2711 
2712     if (strcmp(_name, JNI_LIB_SUFFIX) != 0) {
2713       return false;
2714     }
2715 
2716     return true;
2717   }
2718 
2719   if (strcmp(name, _hprof) == 0 || strcmp(name, _jdwp) == 0) {
2720     return true;
2721   }
2722 
2723   return false;
2724 }
2725 
2726 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
2727                                        SysClassPath* scp_p,
2728                                        bool* scp_assembly_required_p,
2729                                        Flag::Flags origin) {
2730   // Remaining part of option string
2731   const char* tail;
2732 
2733   // iterate over arguments
2734   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2735     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
2736 
2737     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
2738 
2739     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
2740         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
2741         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
2742 
2743         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
2744         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
2745         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
2746         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
2747         // string constant object.
2748         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
2749     }
2750 
2751     // -verbose:[class/gc/jni]
2752     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
2753       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
2754         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassLoading, true);
2755         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassUnloading, true);
2756       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
2757         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true);
2758       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2759         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintJNIResolving, true);
2760       }
2761     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
2762     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
2763     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
2764     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
2765       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2766       if (*tail == '\0') {
2767         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
2768       } else {
2769         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
2770         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
2771       }
2772     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
2773     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
2774       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2775       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
2776     // -bootclasspath:
2777     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
2778       scp_p->reset_path(tail);
2779       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2780     // -bootclasspath/a:
2781     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
2782       scp_p->add_suffix(tail);
2783       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2784     // -bootclasspath/p:
2785     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
2786       scp_p->add_prefix(tail);
2787       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2788     // -Xrun
2789     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
2790       if (tail != NULL) {
2791         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
2792         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2793         char* name = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtInternal), tail, len);
2794         name[len] = '\0';
2795 
2796         char *options = NULL;
2797         if(pos != NULL) {
2798           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
2799           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2, mtInternal), pos+1, len2);
2800         }
2801 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2802         if ((strcmp(name, "hprof") == 0) || (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0)) {
2803           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2804             "Profiling and debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2805           return JNI_ERR;
2806         }
2807 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2808         add_init_library(name, options);
2809       }
2810     // -agentlib and -agentpath
2811     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
2812           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
2813       if(tail != NULL) {
2814         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
2815         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2816         char* name = strncpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtInternal), tail, len);
2817         name[len] = '\0';
2818 
2819         char *options = NULL;
2820         if(pos != NULL) {
2821           options = strcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(pos + 1) + 1, mtInternal), pos + 1);
2822         }
2823 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2824         if (valid_hprof_or_jdwp_agent(name, is_absolute_path)) {
2825           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2826             "Profiling and debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2827           return JNI_ERR;
2828         }
2829 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2830         add_init_agent(name, options, is_absolute_path);
2831       }
2832     // -javaagent
2833     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
2834 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2835       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2836         "Instrumentation agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2837       return JNI_ERR;
2838 #else
2839       if(tail != NULL) {
2840         char *options = strcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(tail) + 1, mtInternal), tail);
2841         add_init_agent("instrument", options, false);
2842       }
2843 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2844     // -Xnoclassgc
2845     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc")) {
2846       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloading, false);
2847     // -Xconcgc
2848     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcgc")) {
2849       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
2850     // -Xnoconcgc
2851     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoconcgc")) {
2852       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
2853     // -Xbatch
2854     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch")) {
2855       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
2856     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
2857     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
2858       julong long_initial_young_size = 0;
2859       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_young_size, 1);
2860       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2861         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2862                     "Invalid initial young generation size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2863         describe_range_error(errcode);
2864         return JNI_EINVAL;
2865       }
2866       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxNewSize, (uintx)long_initial_young_size);
2867       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSize, (uintx)long_initial_young_size);
2868     // -Xms
2869     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
2870       julong long_initial_heap_size = 0;
2871       // an initial heap size of 0 means automatically determine
2872       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_heap_size, 0);
2873       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2874         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2875                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2876         describe_range_error(errcode);
2877         return JNI_EINVAL;
2878       }
2879       set_min_heap_size((uintx)long_initial_heap_size);
2880       // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2881       // Can be overridden with -XX:InitialHeapSize.
2882       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, InitialHeapSize, (uintx)long_initial_heap_size);
2883     // -Xmx
2884     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail) || match_option(option, "-XX:MaxHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2885       julong long_max_heap_size = 0;
2886       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
2887       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2888         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2889                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2890         describe_range_error(errcode);
2891         return JNI_EINVAL;
2892       }
2893       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapSize, (uintx)long_max_heap_size);
2894     // Xmaxf
2895     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
2896       char* err;
2897       int maxf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2898       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0' || maxf < 0 || maxf > 100) {
2899         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2900                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2901                     option->optionString);
2902         return JNI_EINVAL;
2903       } else {
2904         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf);
2905       }
2906     // Xminf
2907     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
2908       char* err;
2909       int minf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2910       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0' || minf < 0 || minf > 100) {
2911         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2912                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2913                     option->optionString);
2914         return JNI_EINVAL;
2915       } else {
2916         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, minf);
2917       }
2918     // -Xss
2919     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
2920       julong long_ThreadStackSize = 0;
2921       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ThreadStackSize, 1000);
2922       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2923         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2924                     "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2925         describe_range_error(errcode);
2926         return JNI_EINVAL;
2927       }
2928       // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
2929       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, ThreadStackSize,
2930                               round_to((int)long_ThreadStackSize, K) / K);
2931     // -Xoss
2932     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoss", &tail)) {
2933           // HotSpot does not have separate native and Java stacks, ignore silently for compatibility
2934     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CodeCacheExpansionSize=", &tail)) {
2935       julong long_CodeCacheExpansionSize = 0;
2936       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_CodeCacheExpansionSize, os::vm_page_size());
2937       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2938         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2939                    "Invalid argument: %s. Must be at least %luK.\n", option->optionString,
2940                    os::vm_page_size()/K);
2941         return JNI_EINVAL;
2942       }
2943       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CodeCacheExpansionSize, (uintx)long_CodeCacheExpansionSize);
2944     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail) ||
2945                match_option(option, "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=", &tail)) {
2946       julong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
2947 
2948       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize, 1);
2949       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2950         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2951                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2952         return JNI_EINVAL;
2953       }
2954       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize);
2955       // -XX:NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=
2956     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2957       julong long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize = 0;
2958 
2959       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize, 1);
2960       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2961         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2962                     "Invalid maximum non-nmethod code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2963         return JNI_EINVAL;
2964       }
2965       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NonNMethodCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize);
2966       // -XX:ProfiledCodeHeapSize=
2967     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ProfiledCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2968       julong long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize = 0;
2969 
2970       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize, 1);
2971       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2972         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2973                     "Invalid maximum profiled code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2974         return JNI_EINVAL;
2975       }
2976       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ProfiledCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize);
2977       // -XX:NonProfiledCodeHeapSizee=
2978     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:NonProfiledCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2979       julong long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize = 0;
2980 
2981       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, 1);
2982       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2983         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2984                     "Invalid maximum non-profiled code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2985         return JNI_EINVAL;
2986       }
2987       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize);
2988       //-XX:IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt=
2989     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt=", &tail)) {
2990         uintx uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt = 0;
2991         if (!parse_uintx(tail, &uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt, 0) || uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt > 99) {
2992           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2993                       "Invalid value for IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt: %s. Should be between 0 and 99.\n",
2994                       option->optionString);
2995           return JNI_EINVAL;
2996         }
2997         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt, (uintx)uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt);
2998     // -green
2999     } else if (match_option(option, "-green")) {
3000       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3001                   "Green threads support not available\n");
3002           return JNI_EINVAL;
3003     // -native
3004     } else if (match_option(option, "-native")) {
3005           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
3006     // -Xsqnopause
3007     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xsqnopause")) {
3008           // EVM option, ignore silently for compatibility
3009     // -Xrs
3010     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs")) {
3011           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
3012       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, true);
3013     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xusealtsigs")) {
3014           // change default internal VM signals used - lower case for back compat
3015       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseAltSigs, true);
3016     // -Xoptimize
3017     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoptimize")) {
3018           // EVM option, ignore silently for compatibility
3019     // -Xprof
3020     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof")) {
3021 #if INCLUDE_FPROF
3022       _has_profile = true;
3023 #else // INCLUDE_FPROF
3024       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3025         "Flat profiling is not supported in this VM.\n");
3026       return JNI_ERR;
3027 #endif // INCLUDE_FPROF
3028     // -Xconcurrentio
3029     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcurrentio")) {
3030       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseLWPSynchronization, true);
3031       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
3032       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, DeferThrSuspendLoopCount, 1);
3033       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false);
3034       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSizeThreadIncrease, 16 * K);  // 20Kb per thread added to new generation
3035 
3036       // -Xinternalversion
3037     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion")) {
3038       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
3039                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
3040       vm_exit(0);
3041 #ifndef PRODUCT
3042     // -Xprintflags
3043     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags", &tail)) {
3044       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
3045       vm_exit(0);
3046 #endif
3047     // -D
3048     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
3049       if (!add_property(tail)) {
3050         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3051       }
3052       // Out of the box management support
3053       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
3054 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3055         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ManagementServer, true);
3056 #else
3057         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3058           "-Dcom.sun.management is not supported in this VM.\n");
3059         return JNI_ERR;
3060 #endif
3061       }
3062     // -Xint
3063     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint")) {
3064           set_mode_flags(_int);
3065     // -Xmixed
3066     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed")) {
3067           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
3068     // -Xcomp
3069     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp")) {
3070       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
3071           set_mode_flags(_comp);
3072     // -Xshare:dump
3073     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump")) {
3074       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true);
3075       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
3076     // -Xshare:on
3077     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on")) {
3078       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
3079       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true);
3080     // -Xshare:auto
3081     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto")) {
3082       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
3083       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false);
3084     // -Xshare:off
3085     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off")) {
3086       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, false);
3087       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false);
3088     // -Xverify
3089     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
3090       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
3091         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, true);
3092         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
3093       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
3094         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false);
3095         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
3096       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
3097         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false);
3098         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, false);
3099       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
3100         return JNI_EINVAL;
3101       }
3102     // -Xdebug
3103     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug")) {
3104       // note this flag has been used, then ignore
3105       set_xdebug_mode(true);
3106     // -Xnoagent
3107     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoagent")) {
3108       // For compatibility with classic. HotSpot refuses to load the old style agent.dll.
3109     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xboundthreads")) {
3110       // Bind user level threads to kernel threads (Solaris only)
3111       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseBoundThreads, true);
3112     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
3113       // Redirect GC output to the file. -Xloggc:<filename>
3114       // ostream_init_log(), when called will use this filename
3115       // to initialize a fileStream.
3116       _gc_log_filename = os::strdup_check_oom(tail);
3117      if (!is_filename_valid(_gc_log_filename)) {
3118        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3119                   "Invalid file name for use with -Xloggc: Filename can only contain the "
3120                   "characters [A-Z][a-z][0-9]-_.%%[p|t] but it has been %s\n"
3121                   "Note %%p or %%t can only be used once\n", _gc_log_filename);
3122         return JNI_EINVAL;
3123       }
3124       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true);
3125       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGCTimeStamps, true);
3126 
3127     // JNI hooks
3128     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
3129       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
3130 #if !INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3131         warning("JNI CHECKING is not supported in this VM");
3132 #else
3133         CheckJNICalls = true;
3134 #endif // INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3135       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
3136                                      "check")) {
3137         return JNI_EINVAL;
3138       }
3139     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf")) {
3140       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3141     } else if (match_option(option, "exit")) {
3142       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3143     } else if (match_option(option, "abort")) {
3144       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3145     // -XX:+AggressiveHeap
3146     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AggressiveHeap")) {
3147 
3148       // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
3149       // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
3150       // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
3151       // amounts of cpu and memory.
3152 
3153       // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
3154       // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
3155       // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
3156       // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
3157       // calculations.
3158       julong initHeapSize;
3159       julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
3160 
3161       if (total_memory < (julong)256*M) {
3162         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3163                     "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
3164         vm_exit(1);
3165       }
3166 
3167       // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
3168       // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
3169       // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
3170       // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
3171 
3172       initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong)2,
3173                           total_memory - (julong)160*M);
3174 
3175       initHeapSize = limit_by_allocatable_memory(initHeapSize);
3176 
3177       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
3178          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize);
3179          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, InitialHeapSize, initHeapSize);
3180          // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
3181          set_min_heap_size(initHeapSize);
3182       }
3183       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
3184          // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
3185          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSize,
3186                                 ((julong)MaxHeapSize / (julong)8) * (julong)3);
3187          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxNewSize, NewSize);
3188       }
3189 
3190 #ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD.
3191       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
3192 #endif
3193 
3194       // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
3195       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, BaseFootPrintEstimate, MaxHeapSize);
3196       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false);
3197       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, TLABSize, 256*K);
3198 
3199       // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
3200       // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
3201       // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
3202       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, YoungPLABSize, 256*K);      // Note: this is in words
3203 
3204       // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
3205       // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
3206       // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
3207       // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
3208       // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
3209       // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
3210       // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
3211       // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
3212       // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
3213       // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
3214       // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
3215       // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
3216       // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
3217       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, OldPLABSize, 8*K);  // Note: this is in words
3218 
3219       // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
3220       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
3221       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
3222                        Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
3223 
3224       // Encourage steady state memory management
3225       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ThresholdTolerance, 100);
3226 
3227       // This appears to improve mutator locality
3228       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
3229 
3230       // Get around early Solaris scheduling bug
3231       // (affinity vs other jobs on system)
3232       // but disallow DR and offlining (5008695).
3233       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs, true);
3234 
3235     // Need to keep consistency of MaxTenuringThreshold and AlwaysTenure/NeverTenure;
3236     // and the last option wins.
3237     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure")) {
3238       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, true);
3239       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false);
3240       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, markOopDesc::max_age + 1);
3241     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure")) {
3242       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false);
3243       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true);
3244       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, 0);
3245     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=", &tail)) {
3246       uintx max_tenuring_thresh = 0;
3247       if(!parse_uintx(tail, &max_tenuring_thresh, 0)) {
3248         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3249                     "Invalid MaxTenuringThreshold: %s\n", option->optionString);
3250       }
3251       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, max_tenuring_thresh);
3252 
3253       if (MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
3254         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false);
3255         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true);
3256       } else {
3257         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false);
3258         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false);
3259       }
3260     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled") ||
3261                match_option(option, "-XX:-CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled")) {
3262       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3263         "Please use CMSClassUnloadingEnabled in place of "
3264         "CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled in the future\n");
3265     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseGCTimeLimit")) {
3266       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseGCOverheadLimit, true);
3267       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3268         "Please use -XX:+UseGCOverheadLimit in place of "
3269         "-XX:+UseGCTimeLimit in the future\n");
3270     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UseGCTimeLimit")) {
3271       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
3272       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3273         "Please use -XX:-UseGCOverheadLimit in place of "
3274         "-XX:-UseGCTimeLimit in the future\n");
3275     // The TLE options are for compatibility with 1.3 and will be
3276     // removed without notice in a future release.  These options
3277     // are not to be documented.
3278     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTLERatio=", &tail)) {
3279       // No longer used.
3280     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ResizeTLE")) {
3281       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, true);
3282     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-ResizeTLE")) {
3283       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false);
3284     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintTLE")) {
3285       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintTLAB, true);
3286     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintTLE")) {
3287       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintTLAB, false);
3288     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLEFragmentationRatio=", &tail)) {
3289       // No longer used.
3290     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLESize=", &tail)) {
3291       julong long_tlab_size = 0;
3292       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_tlab_size, 1);
3293       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3294         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3295                     "Invalid TLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3296         describe_range_error(errcode);
3297         return JNI_EINVAL;
3298       }
3299       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, TLABSize, long_tlab_size);
3300     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLEThreadRatio=", &tail)) {
3301       // No longer used.
3302     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseTLE")) {
3303       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, true);
3304     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UseTLE")) {
3305       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false);
3306     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr")) {
3307       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false);
3308       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true);
3309     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout")) {
3310       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false);
3311       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true);
3312     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExtendedDTraceProbes")) {
3313 #if defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3314       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes, true);
3315       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, true);
3316       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, true);
3317       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, true);
3318 #else // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3319       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3320                   "ExtendedDTraceProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
3321       return JNI_EINVAL;
3322 #endif // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3323 #ifdef ASSERT
3324     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot", &tail)) {
3325       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, FullGCALot, true);
3326       // disable scavenge before parallel mark-compact
3327       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
3328 #endif
3329     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim=", &tail)) {
3330       julong cms_blocks_to_claim = (julong)atol(tail);
3331       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, cms_blocks_to_claim);
3332       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3333         "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
3334         "-XX:CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim in the future\n");
3335     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParCMSPromoteBlocksToClaim=", &tail)) {
3336       julong cms_blocks_to_claim = (julong)atol(tail);
3337       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, cms_blocks_to_claim);
3338       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3339         "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
3340         "-XX:ParCMSPromoteBlocksToClaim in the future\n");
3341     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelGCOldGenAllocBufferSize=", &tail)) {
3342       julong old_plab_size = 0;
3343       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &old_plab_size, 1);
3344       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3345         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3346                     "Invalid old PLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3347         describe_range_error(errcode);
3348         return JNI_EINVAL;
3349       }
3350       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, OldPLABSize, old_plab_size);
3351       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3352                   "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
3353                   "-XX:ParallelGCOldGenAllocBufferSize in the future\n");
3354     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelGCToSpaceAllocBufferSize=", &tail)) {
3355       julong young_plab_size = 0;
3356       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &young_plab_size, 1);
3357       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3358         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3359                     "Invalid young PLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3360         describe_range_error(errcode);
3361         return JNI_EINVAL;
3362       }
3363       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, YoungPLABSize, young_plab_size);
3364       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3365                   "Please use -XX:YoungPLABSize in place of "
3366                   "-XX:ParallelGCToSpaceAllocBufferSize in the future\n");
3367     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSMarkStackSize=", &tail) ||
3368                match_option(option, "-XX:G1MarkStackSize=", &tail)) {
3369       julong stack_size = 0;
3370       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &stack_size, 1);
3371       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3372         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3373                     "Invalid mark stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3374         describe_range_error(errcode);
3375         return JNI_EINVAL;
3376       }
3377       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MarkStackSize, stack_size);
3378     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSMarkStackSizeMax=", &tail)) {
3379       julong max_stack_size = 0;
3380       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &max_stack_size, 1);
3381       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3382         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3383                     "Invalid maximum mark stack size: %s\n",
3384                     option->optionString);
3385         describe_range_error(errcode);
3386         return JNI_EINVAL;
3387       }
3388       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MarkStackSizeMax, max_stack_size);
3389     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelMarkingThreads=", &tail) ||
3390                match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelCMSThreads=", &tail)) {
3391       uintx conc_threads = 0;
3392       if (!parse_uintx(tail, &conc_threads, 1)) {
3393         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3394                     "Invalid concurrent threads: %s\n", option->optionString);
3395         return JNI_EINVAL;
3396       }
3397       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ConcGCThreads, conc_threads);
3398     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=", &tail)) {
3399       julong max_direct_memory_size = 0;
3400       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &max_direct_memory_size, 0);
3401       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3402         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3403                     "Invalid maximum direct memory size: %s\n",
3404                     option->optionString);
3405         describe_range_error(errcode);
3406         return JNI_EINVAL;
3407       }
3408       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxDirectMemorySize, max_direct_memory_size);
3409 #if !INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3410     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ManagementServer")) {
3411         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3412           "ManagementServer is not supported in this VM.\n");
3413         return JNI_ERR;
3414 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3415     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
3416       // Skip -XX:Flags= since that case has already been handled
3417       if (strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) {
3418         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
3419           return JNI_EINVAL;
3420         }
3421       }
3422     // Unknown option
3423     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3424       return JNI_ERR;
3425     }
3426   }
3427 
3428   // PrintSharedArchiveAndExit will turn on
3429   //   -Xshare:on
3430   //   -XX:+TraceClassPaths
3431   if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
3432     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
3433     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true);
3434     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassPaths, true);
3435   }
3436 
3437   // Change the default value for flags  which have different default values
3438   // when working with older JDKs.
3439 #ifdef LINUX
3440  if (JDK_Version::current().compare_major(6) <= 0 &&
3441       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks)) {
3442     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks, false);
3443   }
3444 #endif // LINUX
3445   fix_appclasspath();
3446   return JNI_OK;
3447 }
3448 
3449 // Remove all empty paths from the app classpath (if IgnoreEmptyClassPaths is enabled)
3450 //
3451 // This is necessary because some apps like to specify classpath like -cp foo.jar:${XYZ}:bar.jar
3452 // in their start-up scripts. If XYZ is empty, the classpath will look like "-cp foo.jar::bar.jar".
3453 // Java treats such empty paths as if the user specified "-cp foo.jar:.:bar.jar". I.e., an empty
3454 // path is treated as the current directory.
3455 //
3456 // This causes problems with CDS, which requires that all directories specified in the classpath
3457 // must be empty. In most cases, applications do NOT want to load classes from the current
3458 // directory anyway. Adding -XX:+IgnoreEmptyClassPaths will make these applications' start-up
3459 // scripts compatible with CDS.
3460 void Arguments::fix_appclasspath() {
3461   if (IgnoreEmptyClassPaths) {
3462     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3463     const char* src = _java_class_path->value();
3464 
3465     // skip over all the leading empty paths
3466     while (*src == separator) {
3467       src ++;
3468     }
3469 
3470     char* copy = AllocateHeap(strlen(src) + 1, mtInternal);
3471     strncpy(copy, src, strlen(src) + 1);
3472 
3473     // trim all trailing empty paths
3474     for (char* tail = copy + strlen(copy) - 1; tail >= copy && *tail == separator; tail--) {
3475       *tail = '\0';
3476     }
3477 
3478     char from[3] = {separator, separator, '\0'};
3479     char to  [2] = {separator, '\0'};
3480     while (StringUtils::replace_no_expand(copy, from, to) > 0) {
3481       // Keep replacing "::" -> ":" until we have no more "::" (non-windows)
3482       // Keep replacing ";;" -> ";" until we have no more ";;" (windows)
3483     }
3484 
3485     _java_class_path->set_value(copy);
3486     FreeHeap(copy); // a copy was made by set_value, so don't need this anymore
3487   }
3488 
3489   if (!PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
3490     ClassLoader::trace_class_path("[classpath: ", _java_class_path->value());
3491   }
3492 }
3493 
3494 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool scp_assembly_required) {
3495   // This must be done after all -D arguments have been processed.
3496   scp_p->expand_endorsed();
3497 
3498   if (scp_assembly_required || scp_p->get_endorsed() != NULL) {
3499     // Assemble the bootclasspath elements into the final path.
3500     Arguments::set_sysclasspath(scp_p->combined_path());
3501   }
3502 
3503   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed.
3504   // java_compiler() true means set to "NONE" or empty.
3505   if (java_compiler() && !xdebug_mode()) {
3506     // For backwards compatibility, we switch to interpreted mode if
3507     // -Djava.compiler="NONE" or "" is specified AND "-Xdebug" was
3508     // not specified.
3509     set_mode_flags(_int);
3510   }
3511 
3512   if ((TieredCompilation && CompileThresholdScaling == 0)
3513       || (!TieredCompilation && get_scaled_compile_threshold(CompileThreshold) == 0)) {
3514     set_mode_flags(_int);
3515   }
3516 
3517   // eventually fix up InitialTenuringThreshold if only MaxTenuringThreshold is set
3518   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialTenuringThreshold) && (InitialTenuringThreshold > MaxTenuringThreshold)) {
3519     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialTenuringThreshold, MaxTenuringThreshold);
3520   }
3521 
3522 #ifndef COMPILER2
3523   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
3524   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
3525       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
3526     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
3527     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
3528     // Java heap and the code cache.
3529     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
3530   }
3531 
3532 #else
3533   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OptoLoopAlignment) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad)) {
3534     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad, OptoLoopAlignment-1);
3535   }
3536 #endif
3537 
3538 #ifndef TIERED
3539   // Tiered compilation is undefined.
3540   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TieredCompilation, "TieredCompilation");
3541 #endif
3542 
3543   // If we are running in a headless jre, force java.awt.headless property
3544   // to be true unless the property has already been set.
3545   // Also allow the OS environment variable JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS to set headless state.
3546   if (os::is_headless_jre()) {
3547     const char* headless = Arguments::get_property("java.awt.headless");
3548     if (headless == NULL) {
3549       char envbuffer[128];
3550       if (!os::getenv("JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS", envbuffer, sizeof(envbuffer))) {
3551         if (!add_property("java.awt.headless=true")) {
3552           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3553         }
3554       } else {
3555         char buffer[256];
3556         strcpy(buffer, "java.awt.headless=");
3557         strcat(buffer, envbuffer);
3558         if (!add_property(buffer)) {
3559           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3560         }
3561       }
3562     }
3563   }
3564 
3565   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC) && !UseParNewGC) {
3566     // CMS can only be used with ParNew
3567     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParNewGC, true);
3568   }
3569 
3570   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
3571     return JNI_ERR;
3572   }
3573 
3574   return JNI_OK;
3575 }
3576 
3577 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
3578   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", scp_p,
3579                                             scp_assembly_required_p);
3580 }
3581 
3582 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
3583   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", scp_p,
3584                                             scp_assembly_required_p);
3585 }
3586 
3587 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name, SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
3588   const int N_MAX_OPTIONS = 64;
3589   const int OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
3590   char buffer[OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE];
3591 
3592   // The variable will be ignored if it exceeds the length of the buffer.
3593   // Don't check this variable if user has special privileges
3594   // (e.g. unix su command).
3595   if (os::getenv(name, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) &&
3596       !os::have_special_privileges()) {
3597     JavaVMOption options[N_MAX_OPTIONS];      // Construct option array
3598     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3599                 "Picked up %s: %s\n", name, buffer);
3600     char* rd = buffer;                        // pointer to the input string (rd)
3601     int i;
3602     for (i = 0; i < N_MAX_OPTIONS;) {         // repeat for all options in the input string
3603       while (isspace(*rd)) rd++;              // skip whitespace
3604       if (*rd == 0) break;                    // we re done when the input string is read completely
3605 
3606       // The output, option string, overwrites the input string.
3607       // Because of quoting, the pointer to the option string (wrt) may lag the pointer to
3608       // input string (rd).
3609       char* wrt = rd;
3610 
3611       options[i++].optionString = wrt;        // Fill in option
3612       while (*rd != 0 && !isspace(*rd)) {     // unquoted strings terminate with a space or NULL
3613         if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
3614           int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
3615           rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
3616           while (*rd != quote) {              // include everything (even spaces) up until quote
3617             if (*rd == 0) {                   // string termination means unmatched string
3618               jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3619                           "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
3620               return JNI_ERR;
3621             }
3622             *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
3623           }
3624           rd++;                               // don't copy close quote
3625         } else {
3626           *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
3627         }
3628       }
3629       // Need to check if we're done before writing a NULL,
3630       // because the write could be to the byte that rd is pointing to.
3631       if (*rd++ == 0) {
3632         *wrt = 0;
3633         break;
3634       }
3635       *wrt = 0;                               // Zero terminate option
3636     }
3637     // Construct JavaVMInitArgs structure and parse as if it was part of the command line
3638     JavaVMInitArgs vm_args;
3639     vm_args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
3640     vm_args.options = options;
3641     vm_args.nOptions = i;
3642     vm_args.ignoreUnrecognized = IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions;
3643 
3644     if (PrintVMOptions) {
3645       const char* tail;
3646       for (int i = 0; i < vm_args.nOptions; i++) {
3647         const JavaVMOption *option = vm_args.options + i;
3648         if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3649           logOption(tail);
3650         }
3651       }
3652     }
3653 
3654     return(parse_each_vm_init_arg(&vm_args, scp_p, scp_assembly_required_p, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR));
3655   }
3656   return JNI_OK;
3657 }
3658 
3659 void Arguments::set_shared_spaces_flags() {
3660   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3661     if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
3662       warning("cannot dump shared archive while using shared archive");
3663     }
3664     UseSharedSpaces = false;
3665 #ifdef _LP64
3666     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3667       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3668         "Cannot dump shared archive when UseCompressedOops or UseCompressedClassPointers is off.", NULL);
3669     }
3670   } else {
3671     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3672       no_shared_spaces("UseCompressedOops and UseCompressedClassPointers must be on for UseSharedSpaces.");
3673     }
3674 #endif
3675   }
3676 }
3677 
3678 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3679 static void force_serial_gc() {
3680   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSerialGC, true);
3681   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseG1GC);
3682   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParallelGC);
3683   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParallelOldGC);
3684   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseConcMarkSweepGC);
3685   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParNewGC);
3686 }
3687 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3688 
3689 // Sharing support
3690 // Construct the path to the archive
3691 static char* get_shared_archive_path() {
3692   char *shared_archive_path;
3693   if (SharedArchiveFile == NULL) {
3694     char jvm_path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3695     os::jvm_path(jvm_path, sizeof(jvm_path));
3696     char *end = strrchr(jvm_path, *os::file_separator());
3697     if (end != NULL) *end = '\0';
3698     size_t jvm_path_len = strlen(jvm_path);
3699     size_t file_sep_len = strlen(os::file_separator());
3700     shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, jvm_path_len +
3701         file_sep_len + 20, mtInternal);
3702     if (shared_archive_path != NULL) {
3703       strncpy(shared_archive_path, jvm_path, jvm_path_len + 1);
3704       strncat(shared_archive_path, os::file_separator(), file_sep_len);
3705       strncat(shared_archive_path, "classes.jsa", 11);
3706     }
3707   } else {
3708     shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(SharedArchiveFile) + 1, mtInternal);
3709     if (shared_archive_path != NULL) {
3710       strncpy(shared_archive_path, SharedArchiveFile, strlen(SharedArchiveFile) + 1);
3711     }
3712   }
3713   return shared_archive_path;
3714 }
3715 
3716 #ifndef PRODUCT
3717 // Determine whether LogVMOutput should be implicitly turned on.
3718 static bool use_vm_log() {
3719   if (LogCompilation || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogFile) ||
3720       PrintCompilation || PrintInlining || PrintDependencies || PrintNativeNMethods ||
3721       PrintDebugInfo || PrintRelocations || PrintNMethods || PrintExceptionHandlers ||
3722       PrintAssembly || TraceDeoptimization || TraceDependencies ||
3723       (VerifyDependencies && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(VerifyDependencies))) {
3724     return true;
3725   }
3726 
3727 #ifdef COMPILER1
3728   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
3729     return true;
3730   }
3731 #endif // COMPILER1
3732 
3733 #ifdef COMPILER2
3734   if (PrintOptoAssembly || PrintOptoStatistics) {
3735     return true;
3736   }
3737 #endif // COMPILER2
3738 
3739   return false;
3740 }
3741 #endif // PRODUCT
3742 
3743 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
3744 
3745 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
3746 
3747   // Remaining part of option string
3748   const char* tail;
3749 
3750   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
3751   const char* hotspotrc = ".hotspotrc";
3752   bool settings_file_specified = false;
3753   bool needs_hotspotrc_warning = false;
3754 
3755   const char* flags_file;
3756   int index;
3757   for (index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3758     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3759     if (ArgumentsExt::process_options(option)) {
3760       continue;
3761     }
3762     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
3763       flags_file = tail;
3764       settings_file_specified = true;
3765       continue;
3766     }
3767     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions", &tail)) {
3768       PrintVMOptions = true;
3769       continue;
3770     }
3771     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintVMOptions", &tail)) {
3772       PrintVMOptions = false;
3773       continue;
3774     }
3775     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", &tail)) {
3776       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = true;
3777       continue;
3778     }
3779     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", &tail)) {
3780       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false;
3781       continue;
3782     }
3783     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial", &tail)) {
3784       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
3785       vm_exit(0);
3786     }
3787 #if INCLUDE_NMT
3788     if (match_option(option, "-XX:NativeMemoryTracking", &tail)) {
3789       // The launcher did not setup nmt environment variable properly.
3790       if (!MemTracker::check_launcher_nmt_support(tail)) {
3791         warning("Native Memory Tracking did not setup properly, using wrong launcher?");
3792       }
3793 
3794       // Verify if nmt option is valid.
3795       if (MemTracker::verify_nmt_option()) {
3796         // Late initialization, still in single-threaded mode.
3797         if (MemTracker::tracking_level() >= NMT_summary) {
3798           MemTracker::init();
3799         }
3800       } else {
3801         vm_exit_during_initialization("Syntax error, expecting -XX:NativeMemoryTracking=[off|summary|detail]", NULL);
3802       }
3803       continue;
3804     }
3805 #endif
3806 
3807 
3808 #ifndef PRODUCT
3809     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsWithComments", &tail)) {
3810       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, true);
3811       vm_exit(0);
3812     }
3813 #endif
3814   }
3815 
3816   if (IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions) {
3817     // uncast const to modify the flag args->ignoreUnrecognized
3818     *(jboolean*)(&args->ignoreUnrecognized) = true;
3819   }
3820 
3821   // Parse specified settings file
3822   if (settings_file_specified) {
3823     if (!process_settings_file(flags_file, true, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3824       return JNI_EINVAL;
3825     }
3826   } else {
3827 #ifdef ASSERT
3828     // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
3829     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3830       return JNI_EINVAL;
3831     }
3832 #else
3833     struct stat buf;
3834     if (os::stat(hotspotrc, &buf) == 0) {
3835       needs_hotspotrc_warning = true;
3836     }
3837 #endif
3838   }
3839 
3840   if (PrintVMOptions) {
3841     for (index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3842       const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3843       if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3844         logOption(tail);
3845       }
3846     }
3847   }
3848 
3849   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
3850   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(args);
3851   if (result != JNI_OK) {
3852     return result;
3853   }
3854 
3855   // Call get_shared_archive_path() here, after possible SharedArchiveFile option got parsed.
3856   SharedArchivePath = get_shared_archive_path();
3857   if (SharedArchivePath == NULL) {
3858     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3859   }
3860 
3861   // Set up VerifySharedSpaces
3862   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(VerifySharedSpaces) && SharedArchiveFile != NULL) {
3863     VerifySharedSpaces = true;
3864   }
3865 
3866   // Delay warning until here so that we've had a chance to process
3867   // the -XX:-PrintWarnings flag
3868   if (needs_hotspotrc_warning) {
3869     warning("%s file is present but has been ignored.  "
3870             "Run with -XX:Flags=%s to load the file.",
3871             hotspotrc, hotspotrc);
3872   }
3873 
3874 #ifdef _ALLBSD_SOURCE  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD.
3875   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseLargePages, "-XX:+UseLargePages");
3876 #endif
3877 
3878 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3879   #if (defined JAVASE_EMBEDDED || defined ARM)
3880     UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseG1GC, "G1 GC");
3881   #endif
3882 #endif
3883 
3884 #ifndef PRODUCT
3885   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
3886     TraceBytecodes = true;
3887   }
3888   if (CountCompiledCalls) {
3889     if (UseCounterDecay) {
3890       warning("UseCounterDecay disabled because CountCalls is set");
3891       UseCounterDecay = false;
3892     }
3893   }
3894 #endif // PRODUCT
3895 
3896   if (ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
3897     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
3898       warning("forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero");
3899     }
3900     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
3901   }
3902 
3903   if (PrintGCDetails) {
3904     // Turn on -verbose:gc options as well
3905     PrintGC = true;
3906   }
3907 
3908   // Set object alignment values.
3909   set_object_alignment();
3910 
3911 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3912   force_serial_gc();
3913 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3914 #if !INCLUDE_CDS
3915   if (DumpSharedSpaces || RequireSharedSpaces) {
3916     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3917       "Shared spaces are not supported in this VM\n");
3918     return JNI_ERR;
3919   }
3920   if ((UseSharedSpaces && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseSharedSpaces)) || PrintSharedSpaces) {
3921     warning("Shared spaces are not supported in this VM");
3922     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
3923     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(PrintSharedSpaces, false);
3924   }
3925   no_shared_spaces("CDS Disabled");
3926 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
3927 
3928   return JNI_OK;
3929 }
3930 
3931 jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
3932 
3933   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
3934   set_ergonomics_flags();
3935 
3936   set_shared_spaces_flags();
3937 
3938   // Check the GC selections again.
3939   if (!ArgumentsExt::check_gc_consistency_ergo()) {
3940     return JNI_EINVAL;
3941   }
3942 
3943   if (TieredCompilation) {
3944     set_tiered_flags();
3945   } else {
3946     // Check if the policy is valid. Policies 0 and 1 are valid for non-tiered setup.
3947     if (CompilationPolicyChoice >= 2) {
3948       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3949         "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
3950     }
3951     // Scale CompileThreshold
3952     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling)) {
3953       FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, CompileThreshold, get_scaled_compile_threshold(CompileThreshold));
3954     }
3955   }
3956 
3957 #ifdef COMPILER2
3958 #ifndef PRODUCT
3959   if (PrintIdealGraphLevel > 0) {
3960     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, PrintIdealGraph, true);
3961   }
3962 #endif
3963 #endif
3964 
3965   // Set heap size based on available physical memory
3966   set_heap_size();
3967 
3968   ArgumentsExt::set_gc_specific_flags();
3969 
3970   // Initialize Metaspace flags and alignments
3971   Metaspace::ergo_initialize();
3972 
3973   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
3974   set_bytecode_flags();
3975 
3976   // Set flags if Aggressive optimization flags (-XX:+AggressiveOpts) enabled
3977   set_aggressive_opts_flags();
3978 
3979   // Turn off biased locking for locking debug mode flags,
3980   // which are subtly different from each other but neither works with
3981   // biased locking
3982   if (UseHeavyMonitors
3983 #ifdef COMPILER1
3984       || !UseFastLocking
3985 #endif // COMPILER1
3986     ) {
3987     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking) && UseBiasedLocking) {
3988       // flag set to true on command line; warn the user that they
3989       // can't enable biased locking here
3990       warning("Biased Locking is not supported with locking debug flags"
3991               "; ignoring UseBiasedLocking flag." );
3992     }
3993     UseBiasedLocking = false;
3994   }
3995 
3996 #ifdef ZERO
3997   // Clear flags not supported on zero.
3998   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ProfileInterpreter, false);
3999   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking, false);
4000   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false));
4001   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false));
4002 #endif // CC_INTERP
4003 
4004 #ifdef COMPILER2
4005   if (!EliminateLocks) {
4006     EliminateNestedLocks = false;
4007   }
4008   if (!Inline) {
4009     IncrementalInline = false;
4010   }
4011 #ifndef PRODUCT
4012   if (!IncrementalInline) {
4013     AlwaysIncrementalInline = false;
4014   }
4015 #endif
4016   if (!UseTypeSpeculation && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel)) {
4017     // nothing to use the profiling, turn if off
4018     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel, 0);
4019   }
4020 #endif
4021 
4022   if (PrintAssembly && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DebugNonSafepoints)) {
4023     warning("PrintAssembly is enabled; turning on DebugNonSafepoints to gain additional output");
4024     DebugNonSafepoints = true;
4025   }
4026 
4027   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CompressedClassSpaceSize) && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
4028     warning("Setting CompressedClassSpaceSize has no effect when compressed class pointers are not used");
4029   }
4030 
4031 #ifndef PRODUCT
4032   if (!LogVMOutput && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogVMOutput)) {
4033     if (use_vm_log()) {
4034       LogVMOutput = true;
4035     }
4036   }
4037 #endif // PRODUCT
4038 
4039   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
4040     CommandLineFlags::printSetFlags(tty);
4041   }
4042 
4043   // Apply CPU specific policy for the BiasedLocking
4044   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
4045     if (!VM_Version::use_biased_locking() &&
4046         !(FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseBiasedLocking))) {
4047       UseBiasedLocking = false;
4048     }
4049   }
4050 #ifdef COMPILER2
4051   if (!UseBiasedLocking || EmitSync != 0) {
4052     UseOptoBiasInlining = false;
4053   }
4054 #endif
4055 
4056   return JNI_OK;
4057 }
4058 
4059 jint Arguments::adjust_after_os() {
4060   if (UseNUMA) {
4061     if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
4062       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes)) {
4063          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes, 64*M);
4064       }
4065     }
4066     // UseNUMAInterleaving is set to ON for all collectors and
4067     // platforms when UseNUMA is set to ON. NUMA-aware collectors
4068     // such as the parallel collector for Linux and Solaris will
4069     // interleave old gen and survivor spaces on top of NUMA
4070     // allocation policy for the eden space.
4071     // Non NUMA-aware collectors such as CMS, G1 and Serial-GC on
4072     // all platforms and ParallelGC on Windows will interleave all
4073     // of the heap spaces across NUMA nodes.
4074     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving)) {
4075       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseNUMAInterleaving, true);
4076     }
4077   }
4078   return JNI_OK;
4079 }
4080 
4081 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
4082   int count = 0;
4083   while(pl != NULL) {
4084     count++;
4085     pl = pl->next();
4086   }
4087   return count;
4088 }
4089 
4090 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
4091   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
4092   SystemProperty* prop;
4093   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4094     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
4095   }
4096   return NULL;
4097 }
4098 
4099 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_key_at(SystemProperty *pl, int index) {
4100   int count = 0;
4101   const char* ret_val = NULL;
4102 
4103   while(pl != NULL) {
4104     if(count >= index) {
4105       ret_val = pl->key();
4106       break;
4107     }
4108     count++;
4109     pl = pl->next();
4110   }
4111 
4112   return ret_val;
4113 }
4114 
4115 char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value_at(SystemProperty* pl, int index) {
4116   int count = 0;
4117   char* ret_val = NULL;
4118 
4119   while(pl != NULL) {
4120     if(count >= index) {
4121       ret_val = pl->value();
4122       break;
4123     }
4124     count++;
4125     pl = pl->next();
4126   }
4127 
4128   return ret_val;
4129 }
4130 
4131 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
4132   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
4133   if (p == NULL) {
4134     *plist = new_p;
4135   } else {
4136     while (p->next() != NULL) {
4137       p = p->next();
4138     }
4139     p->set_next(new_p);
4140   }
4141 }
4142 
4143 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v) {
4144   if (plist == NULL)
4145     return;
4146 
4147   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, true);
4148   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
4149 }
4150 
4151 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
4152 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v, jboolean append) {
4153   if (plist == NULL)
4154     return;
4155 
4156   // If property key exist then update with new value.
4157   SystemProperty* prop;
4158   for (prop = *plist; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4159     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
4160       if (append) {
4161         prop->append_value(v);
4162       } else {
4163         prop->set_value(v);
4164       }
4165       return;
4166     }
4167   }
4168 
4169   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v);
4170 }
4171 
4172 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
4173 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
4174 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
4175 // Notes:
4176 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
4177 // NULL terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
4178 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
4179 // expanded one.
4180 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
4181 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
4182                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
4183   const char* p = src;
4184   char* b = buf;
4185   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
4186   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
4187 
4188   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
4189     if (*p == '%') {
4190       switch (*(++p)) {
4191       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
4192         *b++ = *p++;
4193         break;
4194       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
4195         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
4196         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
4197         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
4198         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
4199 
4200         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
4201         // the expanded pid, returns false.
4202         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
4203           return false;
4204         } else {
4205           b += ret;
4206           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
4207           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
4208             // reach the end of the buffer.
4209             return true;
4210           }
4211         }
4212         p++;
4213         break;
4214       }
4215       default :
4216         *b++ = '%';
4217       }
4218     } else {
4219       *b++ = *p++;
4220     }
4221   }
4222   *b = '\0';
4223   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
4224 }