1 /*
   2  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   3  *
   4  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   5  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   6  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   7  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   8  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
   9  *
  10  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  11  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  12  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  13  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  14  * accompanied this code).
  15  *
  16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  17  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  18  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  19  *
  20  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  21  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  22  * questions.
  23  */
  24 
  25 /*
  26  * This file is available under and governed by the GNU General Public
  27  * License version 2 only, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
  28  * However, the following notice accompanied the original version of this
  29  * file:
  30  *
  31  * ASM: a very small and fast Java bytecode manipulation framework
  32  * Copyright (c) 2000-2011 INRIA, France Telecom
  33  * All rights reserved.
  34  *
  35  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
  36  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
  37  * are met:
  38  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  39  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  40  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  41  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  42  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  43  * 3. Neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
  44  *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
  45  *    this software without specific prior written permission.
  46  *
  47  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
  48  * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  49  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  50  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
  51  * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
  52  * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
  53  * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
  54  * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
  55  * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
  56  * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
  57  * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
  58  */
  59 package jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.commons;
  60 
  61 import java.util.AbstractMap;
  62 import java.util.ArrayList;
  63 import java.util.BitSet;
  64 import java.util.HashMap;
  65 import java.util.Iterator;
  66 import java.util.LinkedList;
  67 import java.util.List;
  68 import java.util.Map;
  69 import java.util.Set;
  70 
  71 import jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.Label;
  72 import jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.MethodVisitor;
  73 import jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.Opcodes;
  74 import jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.Type;
  75 import jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.tree.AbstractInsnNode;
  76 import jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.tree.InsnList;
  77 import jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.tree.InsnNode;
  78 import jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.tree.JumpInsnNode;
  79 import jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.tree.LabelNode;
  80 import jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.tree.LocalVariableNode;
  81 import jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.tree.LookupSwitchInsnNode;
  82 import jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.tree.MethodNode;
  83 import jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.tree.TableSwitchInsnNode;
  84 import jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.tree.TryCatchBlockNode;
  85 
  86 /**
  87  * A {@link jdk.internal.org.objectweb.asm.MethodVisitor} that removes JSR instructions and
  88  * inlines the referenced subroutines.
  89  *
  90  * <b>Explanation of how it works</b> TODO
  91  *
  92  * @author Niko Matsakis
  93  */
  94 public class JSRInlinerAdapter extends MethodNode implements Opcodes {
  95 
  96     private static final boolean LOGGING = false;
  97 
  98     /**
  99      * For each label that is jumped to by a JSR, we create a BitSet instance.
 100      */
 101     private final Map<LabelNode, BitSet> subroutineHeads = new HashMap<LabelNode, BitSet>();
 102 
 103     /**
 104      * This subroutine instance denotes the line of execution that is not
 105      * contained within any subroutine; i.e., the "subroutine" that is executing
 106      * when a method first begins.
 107      */
 108     private final BitSet mainSubroutine = new BitSet();
 109 
 110     /**
 111      * This BitSet contains the index of every instruction that belongs to more
 112      * than one subroutine. This should not happen often.
 113      */
 114     final BitSet dualCitizens = new BitSet();
 115 
 116     /**
 117      * Creates a new JSRInliner. <i>Subclasses must not use this
 118      * constructor</i>. Instead, they must use the
 119      * {@link #JSRInlinerAdapter(int, MethodVisitor, int, String, String, String, String[])}
 120      * version.
 121      *
 122      * @param mv
 123      *            the <code>MethodVisitor</code> to send the resulting inlined
 124      *            method code to (use <code>null</code> for none).
 125      * @param access
 126      *            the method's access flags (see {@link Opcodes}). This
 127      *            parameter also indicates if the method is synthetic and/or
 128      *            deprecated.
 129      * @param name
 130      *            the method's name.
 131      * @param desc
 132      *            the method's descriptor (see {@link Type}).
 133      * @param signature
 134      *            the method's signature. May be <tt>null</tt>.
 135      * @param exceptions
 136      *            the internal names of the method's exception classes (see
 137      *            {@link Type#getInternalName() getInternalName}). May be
 138      *            <tt>null</tt>.
 139      */
 140     public JSRInlinerAdapter(final MethodVisitor mv, final int access,
 141             final String name, final String desc, final String signature,
 142             final String[] exceptions) {
 143         this(Opcodes.ASM5, mv, access, name, desc, signature, exceptions);
 144     }
 145 
 146     /**
 147      * Creates a new JSRInliner.
 148      *
 149      * @param api
 150      *            the ASM API version implemented by this visitor. Must be one
 151      *            of {@link Opcodes#ASM4} or {@link Opcodes#ASM5}.
 152      * @param mv
 153      *            the <code>MethodVisitor</code> to send the resulting inlined
 154      *            method code to (use <code>null</code> for none).
 155      * @param access
 156      *            the method's access flags (see {@link Opcodes}). This
 157      *            parameter also indicates if the method is synthetic and/or
 158      *            deprecated.
 159      * @param name
 160      *            the method's name.
 161      * @param desc
 162      *            the method's descriptor (see {@link Type}).
 163      * @param signature
 164      *            the method's signature. May be <tt>null</tt>.
 165      * @param exceptions
 166      *            the internal names of the method's exception classes (see
 167      *            {@link Type#getInternalName() getInternalName}). May be
 168      *            <tt>null</tt>.
 169      */
 170     protected JSRInlinerAdapter(final int api, final MethodVisitor mv,
 171             final int access, final String name, final String desc,
 172             final String signature, final String[] exceptions) {
 173         super(api, access, name, desc, signature, exceptions);
 174         this.mv = mv;
 175     }
 176 
 177     /**
 178      * Detects a JSR instruction and sets a flag to indicate we will need to do
 179      * inlining.
 180      */
 181     @Override
 182     public void visitJumpInsn(final int opcode, final Label lbl) {
 183         super.visitJumpInsn(opcode, lbl);
 184         LabelNode ln = ((JumpInsnNode) instructions.getLast()).label;
 185         if (opcode == JSR && !subroutineHeads.containsKey(ln)) {
 186             subroutineHeads.put(ln, new BitSet());
 187         }
 188     }
 189 
 190     /**
 191      * If any JSRs were seen, triggers the inlining process. Otherwise, forwards
 192      * the byte codes untouched.
 193      */
 194     @Override
 195     public void visitEnd() {
 196         if (!subroutineHeads.isEmpty()) {
 197             markSubroutines();
 198             if (LOGGING) {
 199                 log(mainSubroutine.toString());
 200                 Iterator<BitSet> it = subroutineHeads.values().iterator();
 201                 while (it.hasNext()) {
 202                     BitSet sub = it.next();
 203                     log(sub.toString());
 204                 }
 205             }
 206             emitCode();
 207         }
 208 
 209         // Forward the translate opcodes on if appropriate:
 210         if (mv != null) {
 211             accept(mv);
 212         }
 213     }
 214 
 215     /**
 216      * Walks the method and determines which internal subroutine(s), if any,
 217      * each instruction is a method of.
 218      */
 219     private void markSubroutines() {
 220         BitSet anyvisited = new BitSet();
 221 
 222         // First walk the main subroutine and find all those instructions which
 223         // can be reached without invoking any JSR at all
 224         markSubroutineWalk(mainSubroutine, 0, anyvisited);
 225 
 226         // Go through the head of each subroutine and find any nodes reachable
 227         // to that subroutine without following any JSR links.
 228         for (Iterator<Map.Entry<LabelNode, BitSet>> it = subroutineHeads
 229                 .entrySet().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
 230             Map.Entry<LabelNode, BitSet> entry = it.next();
 231             LabelNode lab = entry.getKey();
 232             BitSet sub = entry.getValue();
 233             int index = instructions.indexOf(lab);
 234             markSubroutineWalk(sub, index, anyvisited);
 235         }
 236     }
 237 
 238     /**
 239      * Performs a depth first search walking the normal byte code path starting
 240      * at <code>index</code>, and adding each instruction encountered into the
 241      * subroutine <code>sub</code>. After this walk is complete, iterates over
 242      * the exception handlers to ensure that we also include those byte codes
 243      * which are reachable through an exception that may be thrown during the
 244      * execution of the subroutine. Invoked from <code>markSubroutines()</code>.
 245      *
 246      * @param sub
 247      *            the subroutine whose instructions must be computed.
 248      * @param index
 249      *            an instruction of this subroutine.
 250      * @param anyvisited
 251      *            indexes of the already visited instructions, i.e. marked as
 252      *            part of this subroutine or any previously computed subroutine.
 253      */
 254     private void markSubroutineWalk(final BitSet sub, final int index,
 255             final BitSet anyvisited) {
 256         if (LOGGING) {
 257             log("markSubroutineWalk: sub=" + sub + " index=" + index);
 258         }
 259 
 260         // First find those instructions reachable via normal execution
 261         markSubroutineWalkDFS(sub, index, anyvisited);
 262 
 263         // Now, make sure we also include any applicable exception handlers
 264         boolean loop = true;
 265         while (loop) {
 266             loop = false;
 267             for (Iterator<TryCatchBlockNode> it = tryCatchBlocks.iterator(); it
 268                     .hasNext();) {
 269                 TryCatchBlockNode trycatch = it.next();
 270 
 271                 if (LOGGING) {
 272                     // TODO use of default toString().
 273                     log("Scanning try/catch " + trycatch);
 274                 }
 275 
 276                 // If the handler has already been processed, skip it.
 277                 int handlerindex = instructions.indexOf(trycatch.handler);
 278                 if (sub.get(handlerindex)) {
 279                     continue;
 280                 }
 281 
 282                 int startindex = instructions.indexOf(trycatch.start);
 283                 int endindex = instructions.indexOf(trycatch.end);
 284                 int nextbit = sub.nextSetBit(startindex);
 285                 if (nextbit != -1 && nextbit < endindex) {
 286                     if (LOGGING) {
 287                         log("Adding exception handler: " + startindex + '-'
 288                                 + endindex + " due to " + nextbit + " handler "
 289                                 + handlerindex);
 290                     }
 291                     markSubroutineWalkDFS(sub, handlerindex, anyvisited);
 292                     loop = true;
 293                 }
 294             }
 295         }
 296     }
 297 
 298     /**
 299      * Performs a simple DFS of the instructions, assigning each to the
 300      * subroutine <code>sub</code>. Starts from <code>index</code>. Invoked only
 301      * by <code>markSubroutineWalk()</code>.
 302      *
 303      * @param sub
 304      *            the subroutine whose instructions must be computed.
 305      * @param index
 306      *            an instruction of this subroutine.
 307      * @param anyvisited
 308      *            indexes of the already visited instructions, i.e. marked as
 309      *            part of this subroutine or any previously computed subroutine.
 310      */
 311     private void markSubroutineWalkDFS(final BitSet sub, int index,
 312             final BitSet anyvisited) {
 313         while (true) {
 314             AbstractInsnNode node = instructions.get(index);
 315 
 316             // don't visit a node twice
 317             if (sub.get(index)) {
 318                 return;
 319             }
 320             sub.set(index);
 321 
 322             // check for those nodes already visited by another subroutine
 323             if (anyvisited.get(index)) {
 324                 dualCitizens.set(index);
 325                 if (LOGGING) {
 326                     log("Instruction #" + index + " is dual citizen.");
 327                 }
 328             }
 329             anyvisited.set(index);
 330 
 331             if (node.getType() == AbstractInsnNode.JUMP_INSN
 332                     && node.getOpcode() != JSR) {
 333                 // we do not follow recursively called subroutines here; but any
 334                 // other sort of branch we do follow
 335                 JumpInsnNode jnode = (JumpInsnNode) node;
 336                 int destidx = instructions.indexOf(jnode.label);
 337                 markSubroutineWalkDFS(sub, destidx, anyvisited);
 338             }
 339             if (node.getType() == AbstractInsnNode.TABLESWITCH_INSN) {
 340                 TableSwitchInsnNode tsnode = (TableSwitchInsnNode) node;
 341                 int destidx = instructions.indexOf(tsnode.dflt);
 342                 markSubroutineWalkDFS(sub, destidx, anyvisited);
 343                 for (int i = tsnode.labels.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
 344                     LabelNode l = tsnode.labels.get(i);
 345                     destidx = instructions.indexOf(l);
 346                     markSubroutineWalkDFS(sub, destidx, anyvisited);
 347                 }
 348             }
 349             if (node.getType() == AbstractInsnNode.LOOKUPSWITCH_INSN) {
 350                 LookupSwitchInsnNode lsnode = (LookupSwitchInsnNode) node;
 351                 int destidx = instructions.indexOf(lsnode.dflt);
 352                 markSubroutineWalkDFS(sub, destidx, anyvisited);
 353                 for (int i = lsnode.labels.size() - 1; i >= 0; --i) {
 354                     LabelNode l = lsnode.labels.get(i);
 355                     destidx = instructions.indexOf(l);
 356                     markSubroutineWalkDFS(sub, destidx, anyvisited);
 357                 }
 358             }
 359 
 360             // check to see if this opcode falls through to the next instruction
 361             // or not; if not, return.
 362             switch (instructions.get(index).getOpcode()) {
 363             case GOTO:
 364             case RET:
 365             case TABLESWITCH:
 366             case LOOKUPSWITCH:
 367             case IRETURN:
 368             case LRETURN:
 369             case FRETURN:
 370             case DRETURN:
 371             case ARETURN:
 372             case RETURN:
 373             case ATHROW:
 374                 /*
 375                  * note: this either returns from this subroutine, or a parent
 376                  * subroutine which invoked it
 377                  */
 378                 return;
 379             }
 380 
 381             // Use tail recursion here in the form of an outer while loop to
 382             // avoid our stack growing needlessly:
 383             index++;
 384         }
 385     }
 386 
 387     /**
 388      * Creates the new instructions, inlining each instantiation of each
 389      * subroutine until the code is fully elaborated.
 390      */
 391     private void emitCode() {
 392         LinkedList<Instantiation> worklist = new LinkedList<Instantiation>();
 393         // Create an instantiation of the "root" subroutine, which is just the
 394         // main routine
 395         worklist.add(new Instantiation(null, mainSubroutine));
 396 
 397         // Emit instantiations of each subroutine we encounter, including the
 398         // main subroutine
 399         InsnList newInstructions = new InsnList();
 400         List<TryCatchBlockNode> newTryCatchBlocks = new ArrayList<TryCatchBlockNode>();
 401         List<LocalVariableNode> newLocalVariables = new ArrayList<LocalVariableNode>();
 402         while (!worklist.isEmpty()) {
 403             Instantiation inst = worklist.removeFirst();
 404             emitSubroutine(inst, worklist, newInstructions, newTryCatchBlocks,
 405                     newLocalVariables);
 406         }
 407         instructions = newInstructions;
 408         tryCatchBlocks = newTryCatchBlocks;
 409         localVariables = newLocalVariables;
 410     }
 411 
 412     /**
 413      * Emits one instantiation of one subroutine, specified by
 414      * <code>instant</code>. May add new instantiations that are invoked by this
 415      * one to the <code>worklist</code> parameter, and new try/catch blocks to
 416      * <code>newTryCatchBlocks</code>.
 417      *
 418      * @param instant
 419      *            the instantiation that must be performed.
 420      * @param worklist
 421      *            list of the instantiations that remain to be done.
 422      * @param newInstructions
 423      *            the instruction list to which the instantiated code must be
 424      *            appended.
 425      * @param newTryCatchBlocks
 426      *            the exception handler list to which the instantiated handlers
 427      *            must be appended.
 428      */
 429     private void emitSubroutine(final Instantiation instant,
 430             final List<Instantiation> worklist, final InsnList newInstructions,
 431             final List<TryCatchBlockNode> newTryCatchBlocks,
 432             final List<LocalVariableNode> newLocalVariables) {
 433         LabelNode duplbl = null;
 434 
 435         if (LOGGING) {
 436             log("--------------------------------------------------------");
 437             log("Emitting instantiation of subroutine " + instant.subroutine);
 438         }
 439 
 440         // Emit the relevant instructions for this instantiation, translating
 441         // labels and jump targets as we go:
 442         for (int i = 0, c = instructions.size(); i < c; i++) {
 443             AbstractInsnNode insn = instructions.get(i);
 444             Instantiation owner = instant.findOwner(i);
 445 
 446             // Always remap labels:
 447             if (insn.getType() == AbstractInsnNode.LABEL) {
 448                 // Translate labels into their renamed equivalents.
 449                 // Avoid adding the same label more than once. Note
 450                 // that because we own this instruction the gotoTable
 451                 // and the rangeTable will always agree.
 452                 LabelNode ilbl = (LabelNode) insn;
 453                 LabelNode remap = instant.rangeLabel(ilbl);
 454                 if (LOGGING) {
 455                     // TODO use of default toString().
 456                     log("Translating lbl #" + i + ':' + ilbl + " to " + remap);
 457                 }
 458                 if (remap != duplbl) {
 459                     newInstructions.add(remap);
 460                     duplbl = remap;
 461                 }
 462                 continue;
 463             }
 464 
 465             // We don't want to emit instructions that were already
 466             // emitted by a subroutine higher on the stack. Note that
 467             // it is still possible for a given instruction to be
 468             // emitted twice because it may belong to two subroutines
 469             // that do not invoke each other.
 470             if (owner != instant) {
 471                 continue;
 472             }
 473 
 474             if (LOGGING) {
 475                 log("Emitting inst #" + i);
 476             }
 477 
 478             if (insn.getOpcode() == RET) {
 479                 // Translate RET instruction(s) to a jump to the return label
 480                 // for the appropriate instantiation. The problem is that the
 481                 // subroutine may "fall through" to the ret of a parent
 482                 // subroutine; therefore, to find the appropriate ret label we
 483                 // find the lowest subroutine on the stack that claims to own
 484                 // this instruction. See the class javadoc comment for an
 485                 // explanation on why this technique is safe (note: it is only
 486                 // safe if the input is verifiable).
 487                 LabelNode retlabel = null;
 488                 for (Instantiation p = instant; p != null; p = p.previous) {
 489                     if (p.subroutine.get(i)) {
 490                         retlabel = p.returnLabel;
 491                     }
 492                 }
 493                 if (retlabel == null) {
 494                     // This is only possible if the mainSubroutine owns a RET
 495                     // instruction, which should never happen for verifiable
 496                     // code.
 497                     throw new RuntimeException("Instruction #" + i
 498                             + " is a RET not owned by any subroutine");
 499                 }
 500                 newInstructions.add(new JumpInsnNode(GOTO, retlabel));
 501             } else if (insn.getOpcode() == JSR) {
 502                 LabelNode lbl = ((JumpInsnNode) insn).label;
 503                 BitSet sub = subroutineHeads.get(lbl);
 504                 Instantiation newinst = new Instantiation(instant, sub);
 505                 LabelNode startlbl = newinst.gotoLabel(lbl);
 506 
 507                 if (LOGGING) {
 508                     log(" Creating instantiation of subr " + sub);
 509                 }
 510 
 511                 // Rather than JSRing, we will jump to the inline version and
 512                 // push NULL for what was once the return value. This hack
 513                 // allows us to avoid doing any sort of data flow analysis to
 514                 // figure out which instructions manipulate the old return value
 515                 // pointer which is now known to be unneeded.
 516                 newInstructions.add(new InsnNode(ACONST_NULL));
 517                 newInstructions.add(new JumpInsnNode(GOTO, startlbl));
 518                 newInstructions.add(newinst.returnLabel);
 519 
 520                 // Insert this new instantiation into the queue to be emitted
 521                 // later.
 522                 worklist.add(newinst);
 523             } else {
 524                 newInstructions.add(insn.clone(instant));
 525             }
 526         }
 527 
 528         // Emit try/catch blocks that are relevant to this method.
 529         for (Iterator<TryCatchBlockNode> it = tryCatchBlocks.iterator(); it
 530                 .hasNext();) {
 531             TryCatchBlockNode trycatch = it.next();
 532 
 533             if (LOGGING) {
 534                 // TODO use of default toString().
 535                 log("try catch block original labels=" + trycatch.start + '-'
 536                         + trycatch.end + "->" + trycatch.handler);
 537             }
 538 
 539             final LabelNode start = instant.rangeLabel(trycatch.start);
 540             final LabelNode end = instant.rangeLabel(trycatch.end);
 541 
 542             // Ignore empty try/catch regions
 543             if (start == end) {
 544                 if (LOGGING) {
 545                     log(" try catch block empty in this subroutine");
 546                 }
 547                 continue;
 548             }
 549 
 550             final LabelNode handler = instant.gotoLabel(trycatch.handler);
 551 
 552             if (LOGGING) {
 553                 // TODO use of default toString().
 554                 log(" try catch block new labels=" + start + '-' + end + "->"
 555                         + handler);
 556             }
 557 
 558             if (start == null || end == null || handler == null) {
 559                 throw new RuntimeException("Internal error!");
 560             }
 561 
 562             newTryCatchBlocks.add(new TryCatchBlockNode(start, end, handler,
 563                     trycatch.type));
 564         }
 565 
 566         for (Iterator<LocalVariableNode> it = localVariables.iterator(); it
 567                 .hasNext();) {
 568             LocalVariableNode lvnode = it.next();
 569             if (LOGGING) {
 570                 log("local var " + lvnode.name);
 571             }
 572             final LabelNode start = instant.rangeLabel(lvnode.start);
 573             final LabelNode end = instant.rangeLabel(lvnode.end);
 574             if (start == end) {
 575                 if (LOGGING) {
 576                     log("  local variable empty in this sub");
 577                 }
 578                 continue;
 579             }
 580             newLocalVariables.add(new LocalVariableNode(lvnode.name,
 581                     lvnode.desc, lvnode.signature, start, end, lvnode.index));
 582         }
 583     }
 584 
 585     private static void log(final String str) {
 586         System.err.println(str);
 587     }
 588 
 589     /**
 590      * A class that represents an instantiation of a subroutine. Each
 591      * instantiation has an associate "stack" --- which is a listing of those
 592      * instantiations that were active when this particular instance of this
 593      * subroutine was invoked. Each instantiation also has a map from the
 594      * original labels of the program to the labels appropriate for this
 595      * instantiation, and finally a label to return to.
 596      */
 597     private class Instantiation extends AbstractMap<LabelNode, LabelNode> {
 598 
 599         /**
 600          * Previous instantiations; the stack must be statically predictable to
 601          * be inlinable.
 602          */
 603         final Instantiation previous;
 604 
 605         /**
 606          * The subroutine this is an instantiation of.
 607          */
 608         public final BitSet subroutine;
 609 
 610         /**
 611          * This table maps Labels from the original source to Labels pointing at
 612          * code specific to this instantiation, for use in remapping try/catch
 613          * blocks,as well as gotos.
 614          *
 615          * Note that in the presence of dual citizens instructions, that is,
 616          * instructions which belong to more than one subroutine due to the
 617          * merging of control flow without a RET instruction, we will map the
 618          * target label of a GOTO to the label used by the instantiation lowest
 619          * on the stack. This avoids code duplication during inlining in most
 620          * cases.
 621          *
 622          * @see #findOwner(int)
 623          */
 624         public final Map<LabelNode, LabelNode> rangeTable = new HashMap<LabelNode, LabelNode>();
 625 
 626         /**
 627          * All returns for this instantiation will be mapped to this label
 628          */
 629         public final LabelNode returnLabel;
 630 
 631         Instantiation(final Instantiation prev, final BitSet sub) {
 632             previous = prev;
 633             subroutine = sub;
 634             for (Instantiation p = prev; p != null; p = p.previous) {
 635                 if (p.subroutine == sub) {
 636                     throw new RuntimeException("Recursive invocation of " + sub);
 637                 }
 638             }
 639 
 640             // Determine the label to return to when this subroutine terminates
 641             // via RET: note that the main subroutine never terminates via RET.
 642             if (prev != null) {
 643                 returnLabel = new LabelNode();
 644             } else {
 645                 returnLabel = null;
 646             }
 647 
 648             // Each instantiation will remap the labels from the code above to
 649             // refer to its particular copy of its own instructions. Note that
 650             // we collapse labels which point at the same instruction into one:
 651             // this is fairly common as we are often ignoring large chunks of
 652             // instructions, so what were previously distinct labels become
 653             // duplicates.
 654             LabelNode duplbl = null;
 655             for (int i = 0, c = instructions.size(); i < c; i++) {
 656                 AbstractInsnNode insn = instructions.get(i);
 657 
 658                 if (insn.getType() == AbstractInsnNode.LABEL) {
 659                     LabelNode ilbl = (LabelNode) insn;
 660 
 661                     if (duplbl == null) {
 662                         // if we already have a label pointing at this spot,
 663                         // don't recreate it.
 664                         duplbl = new LabelNode();
 665                     }
 666 
 667                     // Add an entry in the rangeTable for every label
 668                     // in the original code which points at the next
 669                     // instruction of our own to be emitted.
 670                     rangeTable.put(ilbl, duplbl);
 671                 } else if (findOwner(i) == this) {
 672                     // We will emit this instruction, so clear the 'duplbl' flag
 673                     // since the next Label will refer to a distinct
 674                     // instruction.
 675                     duplbl = null;
 676                 }
 677             }
 678         }
 679 
 680         /**
 681          * Returns the "owner" of a particular instruction relative to this
 682          * instantiation: the owner referes to the Instantiation which will emit
 683          * the version of this instruction that we will execute.
 684          *
 685          * Typically, the return value is either <code>this</code> or
 686          * <code>null</code>. <code>this</code> indicates that this
 687          * instantiation will generate the version of this instruction that we
 688          * will execute, and <code>null</code> indicates that this instantiation
 689          * never executes the given instruction.
 690          *
 691          * Sometimes, however, an instruction can belong to multiple
 692          * subroutines; this is called a "dual citizen" instruction (though it
 693          * may belong to more than 2 subroutines), and occurs when multiple
 694          * subroutines branch to common points of control. In this case, the
 695          * owner is the subroutine that appears lowest on the stack, and which
 696          * also owns the instruction in question.
 697          *
 698          * @param i
 699          *            the index of the instruction in the original code
 700          * @return the "owner" of a particular instruction relative to this
 701          *         instantiation.
 702          */
 703         public Instantiation findOwner(final int i) {
 704             if (!subroutine.get(i)) {
 705                 return null;
 706             }
 707             if (!dualCitizens.get(i)) {
 708                 return this;
 709             }
 710             Instantiation own = this;
 711             for (Instantiation p = previous; p != null; p = p.previous) {
 712                 if (p.subroutine.get(i)) {
 713                     own = p;
 714                 }
 715             }
 716             return own;
 717         }
 718 
 719         /**
 720          * Looks up the label <code>l</code> in the <code>gotoTable</code>, thus
 721          * translating it from a Label in the original code, to a Label in the
 722          * inlined code that is appropriate for use by an instruction that
 723          * branched to the original label.
 724          *
 725          * @param l
 726          *            The label we will be translating
 727          * @return a label for use by a branch instruction in the inlined code
 728          * @see #rangeLabel
 729          */
 730         public LabelNode gotoLabel(final LabelNode l) {
 731             // owner should never be null, because owner is only null
 732             // if an instruction cannot be reached from this subroutine
 733             Instantiation owner = findOwner(instructions.indexOf(l));
 734             return owner.rangeTable.get(l);
 735         }
 736 
 737         /**
 738          * Looks up the label <code>l</code> in the <code>rangeTable</code>,
 739          * thus translating it from a Label in the original code, to a Label in
 740          * the inlined code that is appropriate for use by an try/catch or
 741          * variable use annotation.
 742          *
 743          * @param l
 744          *            The label we will be translating
 745          * @return a label for use by a try/catch or variable annotation in the
 746          *         original code
 747          * @see #rangeTable
 748          */
 749         public LabelNode rangeLabel(final LabelNode l) {
 750             return rangeTable.get(l);
 751         }
 752 
 753         // AbstractMap implementation
 754 
 755         @Override
 756         public Set<Map.Entry<LabelNode, LabelNode>> entrySet() {
 757             return null;
 758         }
 759 
 760         @Override
 761         public LabelNode get(final Object o) {
 762             return gotoLabel((LabelNode) o);
 763         }
 764     }
 765 }