1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  29 #include "compiler/compilerOracle.hpp"
  30 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  31 #include "memory/cardTableRS.hpp"
  32 #include "memory/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
  33 #include "memory/referenceProcessor.hpp"
  34 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
  35 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  36 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  37 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  38 #include "runtime/arguments_ext.hpp"
  39 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  40 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  41 #include "services/management.hpp"
  42 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
  43 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  44 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  45 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
  46 #include "utilities/taskqueue.hpp"
  47 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_linux
  48 # include "os_linux.inline.hpp"
  49 #endif
  50 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_solaris
  51 # include "os_solaris.inline.hpp"
  52 #endif
  53 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_windows
  54 # include "os_windows.inline.hpp"
  55 #endif
  56 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_aix
  57 # include "os_aix.inline.hpp"
  58 #endif
  59 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_bsd
  60 # include "os_bsd.inline.hpp"
  61 #endif
  62 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  63 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/compactibleFreeListSpace.hpp"
  64 #include "gc_implementation/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"
  65 #include "gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/parallelScavengeHeap.hpp"
  66 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  67 
  68 // Note: This is a special bug reporting site for the JVM
  69 #define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG "http://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp"
  70 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER  "generic"
  71 
  72 // Disable options not supported in this release, with a warning if they
  73 // were explicitly requested on the command-line
  74 #define UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(opt, description)                    \
  75 do {                                                            \
  76   if (opt) {                                                    \
  77     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(opt)) {                                 \
  78       warning(description " is disabled in this release.");     \
  79     }                                                           \
  80     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(opt, false);                               \
  81   }                                                             \
  82 } while(0)
  83 
  84 #define UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(gc)                                     \
  85 do {                                                                  \
  86   if (gc) {                                                           \
  87     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(gc)) {                                        \
  88       warning(#gc " is not supported in this VM.  Using Serial GC."); \
  89     }                                                                 \
  90     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(gc, false);                                      \
  91   }                                                                   \
  92 } while(0)
  93 
  94 char**  Arguments::_jvm_flags_array             = NULL;
  95 int     Arguments::_num_jvm_flags               = 0;
  96 char**  Arguments::_jvm_args_array              = NULL;
  97 int     Arguments::_num_jvm_args                = 0;
  98 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = NULL;
  99 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = NULL;
 100 const char*  Arguments::_gc_log_filename        = NULL;
 101 bool   Arguments::_has_profile                  = false;
 102 size_t Arguments::_conservative_max_heap_alignment = 0;
 103 uintx  Arguments::_min_heap_size                = 0;
 104 uintx  Arguments::_min_heap_free_ratio          = 0;
 105 uintx  Arguments::_max_heap_free_ratio          = 0;
 106 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
 107 bool   Arguments::_java_compiler                = false;
 108 bool   Arguments::_xdebug_mode                  = false;
 109 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG;
 110 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
 111 int    Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_pid        = -1;
 112 bool   Arguments::_created_by_gamma_launcher    = false;
 113 
 114 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args(JavaVMInitArgs*)
 115 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
 116 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
 117 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
 118 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
 119 
 120 char*  Arguments::SharedArchivePath             = NULL;
 121 
 122 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_libraryList;
 123 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_agentList;
 124 
 125 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = NULL;
 126 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = NULL;
 127 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = NULL;
 128 
 129 
 130 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_ext_dirs = NULL;
 131 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_endorsed_dirs = NULL;
 132 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = NULL;
 133 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = NULL;
 134 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = NULL;
 135 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = NULL;
 136 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_class_path = NULL;
 137 
 138 char* Arguments::_meta_index_path = NULL;
 139 char* Arguments::_meta_index_dir = NULL;
 140 
 141 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' remaining part of option string
 142 
 143 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
 144                          const char** tail) {
 145   int len = (int)strlen(name);
 146   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
 147     *tail = option->optionString + len;
 148     return true;
 149   } else {
 150     return false;
 151   }
 152 }
 153 
 154 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
 155   if (PrintVMOptions) {
 156     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
 157   }
 158 }
 159 
 160 // Process java launcher properties.
 161 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 162   // See if sun.java.launcher or sun.java.launcher.pid is defined.
 163   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 164   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 165   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 166     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 167     const char* tail;
 168 
 169     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 170       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 171       continue;
 172     }
 173     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.pid=", &tail)) {
 174       _sun_java_launcher_pid = atoi(tail);
 175       continue;
 176     }
 177   }
 178 }
 179 
 180 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 181 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 182 
 183   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 184                                                                  "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 185   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 186   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 187   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(),  true));
 188 
 189   // following are JVMTI agent writeable properties.
 190   // Properties values are set to NULL and they are
 191   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 192   _java_ext_dirs = new SystemProperty("java.ext.dirs", NULL,  true);
 193   _java_endorsed_dirs = new SystemProperty("java.endorsed.dirs", NULL,  true);
 194   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", NULL,  true);
 195   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", NULL,  true);
 196   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", NULL,  true);
 197   _sun_boot_class_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.class.path", NULL,  true);
 198 
 199   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 200 
 201   // Add to System Property list.
 202   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_ext_dirs);
 203   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_endorsed_dirs);
 204   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 205   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 206   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 207   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 208   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_class_path);
 209 
 210   // Set OS specific system properties values
 211   os::init_system_properties_values();
 212 }
 213 
 214 
 215   // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
 216 void Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties() {
 217   enum { bufsz = 16 };
 218   char buffer[bufsz];
 219   const char* spec_vendor = "Sun Microsystems Inc.";
 220   uint32_t spec_version = 0;
 221 
 222   if (JDK_Version::is_gte_jdk17x_version()) {
 223     spec_vendor = "Oracle Corporation";
 224     spec_version = JDK_Version::current().major_version();
 225   }
 226   jio_snprintf(buffer, bufsz, "1." UINT32_FORMAT, spec_version);
 227 
 228   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 229       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",  spec_vendor, false));
 230   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 231       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", buffer, false));
 232   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 233       new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 234 }
 235 
 236 /**
 237  * Provide a slightly more user-friendly way of eliminating -XX flags.
 238  * When a flag is eliminated, it can be added to this list in order to
 239  * continue accepting this flag on the command-line, while issuing a warning
 240  * and ignoring the value.  Once the JDK version reaches the 'accept_until'
 241  * limit, we flatly refuse to admit the existence of the flag.  This allows
 242  * a flag to die correctly over JDK releases using HSX.
 243  */
 244 typedef struct {
 245   const char* name;
 246   JDK_Version obsoleted_in; // when the flag went away
 247   JDK_Version accept_until; // which version to start denying the existence
 248 } ObsoleteFlag;
 249 
 250 static ObsoleteFlag obsolete_jvm_flags[] = {
 251   { "UseTrainGC",                    JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 252   { "UseSpecialLargeObjectHandling", JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 253   { "UseOversizedCarHandling",       JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 254   { "TraceCarAllocation",            JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 255   { "PrintTrainGCProcessingStats",   JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 256   { "LogOfCarSpaceSize",             JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 257   { "OversizedCarThreshold",         JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 258   { "MinTickInterval",               JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 259   { "DefaultTickInterval",           JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 260   { "MaxTickInterval",               JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 261   { "DelayTickAdjustment",           JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 262   { "ProcessingToTenuringRatio",     JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 263   { "MinTrainLength",                JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 264   { "AppendRatio",         JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,10), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 265   { "DefaultMaxRAM",       JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,18), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 266   { "DefaultInitialRAMFraction",
 267                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,18), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 268   { "UseDepthFirstScavengeOrder",
 269                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,22), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 270   { "HandlePromotionFailure",
 271                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,24), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 272   { "MaxLiveObjectEvacuationRatio",
 273                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,24), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 274   { "ForceSharedSpaces",   JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,25), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 275   { "UseParallelOldGCCompacting",
 276                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,27), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 277   { "UseParallelDensePrefixUpdate",
 278                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,27), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 279   { "UseParallelOldGCDensePrefix",
 280                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,27), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 281   { "AllowTransitionalJSR292",       JDK_Version::jdk(7), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 282   { "UseCompressedStrings",          JDK_Version::jdk(7), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 283   { "CMSPermGenPrecleaningEnabled", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 284   { "CMSTriggerPermRatio", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 285   { "CMSInitiatingPermOccupancyFraction", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 286   { "AdaptivePermSizeWeight", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 287   { "PermGenPadding", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 288   { "PermMarkSweepDeadRatio", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 289   { "PermSize", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 290   { "MaxPermSize", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 291   { "MinPermHeapExpansion", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 292   { "MaxPermHeapExpansion", JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 293   { "CMSRevisitStackSize",           JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 294   { "PrintRevisitStats",             JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 295   { "UseVectoredExceptions",         JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 296   { "UseSplitVerifier",              JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 297   { "UseISM",                        JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 298   { "UsePermISM",                    JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 299   { "UseMPSS",                       JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 300   { "UseStringCache",                JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 301   { "UseOldInlining",                JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 302   { "AutoShutdownNMT",               JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 303   { "CompilationRepeat",             JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 304 #ifdef PRODUCT
 305   { "DesiredMethodLimit",
 306                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(7, 2), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 307 #endif // PRODUCT
 308   { NULL, JDK_Version(0), JDK_Version(0) }
 309 };
 310 
 311 // Returns true if the flag is obsolete and fits into the range specified
 312 // for being ignored.  In the case that the flag is ignored, the 'version'
 313 // value is filled in with the version number when the flag became
 314 // obsolete so that that value can be displayed to the user.
 315 bool Arguments::is_newly_obsolete(const char *s, JDK_Version* version) {
 316   int i = 0;
 317   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 318   while (obsolete_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL) {
 319     const ObsoleteFlag& flag_status = obsolete_jvm_flags[i];
 320     // <flag>=xxx form
 321     // [-|+]<flag> form
 322     if ((strncmp(flag_status.name, s, strlen(flag_status.name)) == 0) ||
 323         ((s[0] == '+' || s[0] == '-') &&
 324         (strncmp(flag_status.name, &s[1], strlen(flag_status.name)) == 0))) {
 325       if (JDK_Version::current().compare(flag_status.accept_until) == -1) {
 326           *version = flag_status.obsoleted_in;
 327           return true;
 328       }
 329     }
 330     i++;
 331   }
 332   return false;
 333 }
 334 
 335 // Constructs the system class path (aka boot class path) from the following
 336 // components, in order:
 337 //
 338 //     prefix           // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 339 //     endorsed         // the expansion of -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...
 340 //     base             // from os::get_system_properties() or -Xbootclasspath=
 341 //     suffix           // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 342 //
 343 // java.endorsed.dirs is a list of directories; any jar or zip files in the
 344 // directories are added to the sysclasspath just before the base.
 345 //
 346 // This could be AllStatic, but it isn't needed after argument processing is
 347 // complete.
 348 class SysClassPath: public StackObj {
 349 public:
 350   SysClassPath(const char* base);
 351   ~SysClassPath();
 352 
 353   inline void set_base(const char* base);
 354   inline void add_prefix(const char* prefix);
 355   inline void add_suffix_to_prefix(const char* suffix);
 356   inline void add_suffix(const char* suffix);
 357   inline void reset_path(const char* base);
 358 
 359   // Expand the jar/zip files in each directory listed by the java.endorsed.dirs
 360   // property.  Must be called after all command-line arguments have been
 361   // processed (in particular, -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...) and before calling
 362   // combined_path().
 363   void expand_endorsed();
 364 
 365   inline const char* get_base()     const { return _items[_scp_base]; }
 366   inline const char* get_prefix()   const { return _items[_scp_prefix]; }
 367   inline const char* get_suffix()   const { return _items[_scp_suffix]; }
 368   inline const char* get_endorsed() const { return _items[_scp_endorsed]; }
 369 
 370   // Combine all the components into a single c-heap-allocated string; caller
 371   // must free the string if/when no longer needed.
 372   char* combined_path();
 373 
 374 private:
 375   // Utility routines.
 376   static char* add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend);
 377   static char* add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory);
 378 
 379   inline void reset_item_at(int index);
 380 
 381   // Array indices for the items that make up the sysclasspath.  All except the
 382   // base are allocated in the C heap and freed by this class.
 383   enum {
 384     _scp_prefix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 385     _scp_endorsed,      // the expansion of -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...
 386     _scp_base,          // the default sysclasspath
 387     _scp_suffix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 388     _scp_nitems         // the number of items, must be last.
 389   };
 390 
 391   const char* _items[_scp_nitems];
 392   DEBUG_ONLY(bool _expansion_done;)
 393 };
 394 
 395 SysClassPath::SysClassPath(const char* base) {
 396   memset(_items, 0, sizeof(_items));
 397   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 398   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = false;)
 399 }
 400 
 401 SysClassPath::~SysClassPath() {
 402   // Free everything except the base.
 403   for (int i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 404     if (i != _scp_base) reset_item_at(i);
 405   }
 406   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = false;)
 407 }
 408 
 409 inline void SysClassPath::set_base(const char* base) {
 410   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 411 }
 412 
 413 inline void SysClassPath::add_prefix(const char* prefix) {
 414   _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], prefix, true);
 415 }
 416 
 417 inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix_to_prefix(const char* suffix) {
 418   _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], suffix, false);
 419 }
 420 
 421 inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix(const char* suffix) {
 422   _items[_scp_suffix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_suffix], suffix, false);
 423 }
 424 
 425 inline void SysClassPath::reset_item_at(int index) {
 426   assert(index < _scp_nitems && index != _scp_base, "just checking");
 427   if (_items[index] != NULL) {
 428     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, _items[index], mtInternal);
 429     _items[index] = NULL;
 430   }
 431 }
 432 
 433 inline void SysClassPath::reset_path(const char* base) {
 434   // Clear the prefix and suffix.
 435   reset_item_at(_scp_prefix);
 436   reset_item_at(_scp_suffix);
 437   set_base(base);
 438 }
 439 
 440 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 441 
 442 void SysClassPath::expand_endorsed() {
 443   assert(_items[_scp_endorsed] == NULL, "can only be called once.");
 444 
 445   const char* path = Arguments::get_property("java.endorsed.dirs");
 446   if (path == NULL) {
 447     path = Arguments::get_endorsed_dir();
 448     assert(path != NULL, "no default for java.endorsed.dirs");
 449   }
 450 
 451   char* expanded_path = NULL;
 452   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 453   const char* const end = path + strlen(path);
 454   while (path < end) {
 455     const char* tmp_end = strchr(path, separator);
 456     if (tmp_end == NULL) {
 457       expanded_path = add_jars_to_path(expanded_path, path);
 458       path = end;
 459     } else {
 460       char* dirpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, tmp_end - path + 1, mtInternal);
 461       memcpy(dirpath, path, tmp_end - path);
 462       dirpath[tmp_end - path] = '\0';
 463       expanded_path = add_jars_to_path(expanded_path, dirpath);
 464       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dirpath, mtInternal);
 465       path = tmp_end + 1;
 466     }
 467   }
 468   _items[_scp_endorsed] = expanded_path;
 469   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = true;)
 470 }
 471 
 472 // Combine the bootclasspath elements, some of which may be null, into a single
 473 // c-heap-allocated string.
 474 char* SysClassPath::combined_path() {
 475   assert(_items[_scp_base] != NULL, "empty default sysclasspath");
 476   assert(_expansion_done, "must call expand_endorsed() first.");
 477 
 478   size_t lengths[_scp_nitems];
 479   size_t total_len = 0;
 480 
 481   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 482 
 483   // Get the lengths.
 484   int i;
 485   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 486     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 487       lengths[i] = strlen(_items[i]);
 488       // Include space for the separator char (or a NULL for the last item).
 489       total_len += lengths[i] + 1;
 490     }
 491   }
 492   assert(total_len > 0, "empty sysclasspath not allowed");
 493 
 494   // Copy the _items to a single string.
 495   char* cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, total_len, mtInternal);
 496   char* cp_tmp = cp;
 497   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 498     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 499       memcpy(cp_tmp, _items[i], lengths[i]);
 500       cp_tmp += lengths[i];
 501       *cp_tmp++ = separator;
 502     }
 503   }
 504   *--cp_tmp = '\0';     // Replace the extra separator.
 505   return cp;
 506 }
 507 
 508 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 509 char*
 510 SysClassPath::add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend) {
 511   char *cp;
 512 
 513   assert(str != NULL, "just checking");
 514   if (path == NULL) {
 515     size_t len = strlen(str) + 1;
 516     cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtInternal);
 517     memcpy(cp, str, len);                       // copy the trailing null
 518   } else {
 519     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 520     size_t old_len = strlen(path);
 521     size_t str_len = strlen(str);
 522     size_t len = old_len + str_len + 2;
 523 
 524     if (prepend) {
 525       cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtInternal);
 526       char* cp_tmp = cp;
 527       memcpy(cp_tmp, str, str_len);
 528       cp_tmp += str_len;
 529       *cp_tmp = separator;
 530       memcpy(++cp_tmp, path, old_len + 1);      // copy the trailing null
 531       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path, mtInternal);
 532     } else {
 533       cp = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path, len, mtInternal);
 534       char* cp_tmp = cp + old_len;
 535       *cp_tmp = separator;
 536       memcpy(++cp_tmp, str, str_len + 1);       // copy the trailing null
 537     }
 538   }
 539   return cp;
 540 }
 541 
 542 // Scan the directory and append any jar or zip files found to path.
 543 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 544 char* SysClassPath::add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory) {
 545   DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
 546   if (dir == NULL) return path;
 547 
 548   char dir_sep[2] = { '\0', '\0' };
 549   size_t directory_len = strlen(directory);
 550   const char fileSep = *os::file_separator();
 551   if (directory[directory_len - 1] != fileSep) dir_sep[0] = fileSep;
 552 
 553   /* Scan the directory for jars/zips, appending them to path. */
 554   struct dirent *entry;
 555   char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory), mtInternal);
 556   while ((entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
 557     const char* name = entry->d_name;
 558     const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
 559     bool isJarOrZip = ext > name &&
 560       (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0 ||
 561        os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".zip") == 0);
 562     if (isJarOrZip) {
 563       size_t length = directory_len + 2 + strlen(name);
 564       char* jarpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtInternal);
 565       jio_snprintf(jarpath, length, "%s%s%s", directory, dir_sep, name);
 566       path = add_to_path(path, jarpath, false);
 567       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, jarpath, mtInternal);
 568     }
 569   }
 570   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf, mtInternal);
 571   os::closedir(dir);
 572   return path;
 573 }
 574 
 575 // Parses a memory size specification string.
 576 static bool atomull(const char *s, julong* result) {
 577   julong n = 0;
 578   int args_read = sscanf(s, JULONG_FORMAT, &n);
 579   if (args_read != 1) {
 580     return false;
 581   }
 582   while (*s != '\0' && isdigit(*s)) {
 583     s++;
 584   }
 585   // 4705540: illegal if more characters are found after the first non-digit
 586   if (strlen(s) > 1) {
 587     return false;
 588   }
 589   switch (*s) {
 590     case 'T': case 't':
 591       *result = n * G * K;
 592       // Check for overflow.
 593       if (*result/((julong)G * K) != n) return false;
 594       return true;
 595     case 'G': case 'g':
 596       *result = n * G;
 597       if (*result/G != n) return false;
 598       return true;
 599     case 'M': case 'm':
 600       *result = n * M;
 601       if (*result/M != n) return false;
 602       return true;
 603     case 'K': case 'k':
 604       *result = n * K;
 605       if (*result/K != n) return false;
 606       return true;
 607     case '\0':
 608       *result = n;
 609       return true;
 610     default:
 611       return false;
 612   }
 613 }
 614 
 615 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(julong size, julong min_size) {
 616   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 617   // Check that size will fit in a size_t (only relevant on 32-bit)
 618   if (size > max_uintx) return arg_too_big;
 619   return arg_in_range;
 620 }
 621 
 622 // Describe an argument out of range error
 623 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 624   switch(errcode) {
 625   case arg_too_big:
 626     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 627                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 628                 "representable size.\n");
 629     break;
 630   case arg_too_small:
 631   case arg_unreadable:
 632   case arg_in_range:
 633     // do nothing for now
 634     break;
 635   default:
 636     ShouldNotReachHere();
 637   }
 638 }
 639 
 640 static bool set_bool_flag(char* name, bool value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 641   return CommandLineFlags::boolAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 642 }
 643 
 644 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 645   double v;
 646   if (sscanf(value, "%lf", &v) != 1) {
 647     return false;
 648   }
 649 
 650   if (CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(name, &v, origin)) {
 651     return true;
 652   }
 653   return false;
 654 }
 655 
 656 static bool set_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 657   julong v;
 658   intx intx_v;
 659   bool is_neg = false;
 660   // Check the sign first since atomull() parses only unsigned values.
 661   if (*value == '-') {
 662     if (!CommandLineFlags::intxAt(name, &intx_v)) {
 663       return false;
 664     }
 665     value++;
 666     is_neg = true;
 667   }
 668   if (!atomull(value, &v)) {
 669     return false;
 670   }
 671   intx_v = (intx) v;
 672   if (is_neg) {
 673     intx_v = -intx_v;
 674   }
 675   if (CommandLineFlags::intxAtPut(name, &intx_v, origin)) {
 676     return true;
 677   }
 678   uintx uintx_v = (uintx) v;
 679   if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::uintxAtPut(name, &uintx_v, origin)) {
 680     return true;
 681   }
 682   uint64_t uint64_t_v = (uint64_t) v;
 683   if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::uint64_tAtPut(name, &uint64_t_v, origin)) {
 684     return true;
 685   }
 686   return false;
 687 }
 688 
 689 static bool set_string_flag(char* name, const char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 690   if (!CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin))  return false;
 691   // Contract:  CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 692   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value, mtInternal);
 693   return true;
 694 }
 695 
 696 static bool append_to_string_flag(char* name, const char* new_value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 697   const char* old_value = "";
 698   if (!CommandLineFlags::ccstrAt(name, &old_value))  return false;
 699   size_t old_len = old_value != NULL ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 700   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 701   const char* value;
 702   char* free_this_too = NULL;
 703   if (old_len == 0) {
 704     value = new_value;
 705   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 706     value = old_value;
 707   } else {
 708     size_t length = old_len + 1 + new_len + 1;
 709     char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtInternal);
 710     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 711     jio_snprintf(buf, length, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 712     value = buf;
 713     free_this_too = buf;
 714   }
 715   (void) CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 716   // CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 717   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value, mtInternal);
 718   if (free_this_too != NULL) {
 719     // CommandLineFlags made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 720     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too, mtInternal);
 721   }
 722   return true;
 723 }
 724 
 725 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, Flag::Flags origin) {
 726 
 727   // range of acceptable characters spelled out for portability reasons
 728 #define NAME_RANGE  "[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_]"
 729 #define BUFLEN 255
 730   char name[BUFLEN+1];
 731   char dummy;
 732 
 733   if (sscanf(arg, "-%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 734     return set_bool_flag(name, false, origin);
 735   }
 736   if (sscanf(arg, "+%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 737     return set_bool_flag(name, true, origin);
 738   }
 739 
 740   char punct;
 741   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 742     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 743     Flag* flag = Flag::find_flag(name, strlen(name));
 744     if (flag != NULL && flag->is_ccstr()) {
 745       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
 746         return append_to_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 747       } else {
 748         if (value[0] == '\0') {
 749           value = NULL;
 750         }
 751         return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 752       }
 753     }
 754   }
 755 
 756   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE ":%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 757     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 758     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
 759     if (value[0] == '\0') {
 760       value = NULL;
 761     }
 762     return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 763   }
 764 
 765 #define SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "[-0123456789.]"
 766 #define SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE    "[-0123456789]"
 767 #define        NUMBER_RANGE    "[0123456789]"
 768   char value[BUFLEN + 1];
 769   char value2[BUFLEN + 1];
 770   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE "." "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, value2, &dummy) == 3) {
 771     // Looks like a floating-point number -- try again with more lenient format string
 772     if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 773       return set_fp_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 774     }
 775   }
 776 
 777 #define VALUE_RANGE "[-kmgtKMGT0123456789]"
 778   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) VALUE_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 779     return set_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 780   }
 781 
 782   return false;
 783 }
 784 
 785 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
 786   assert(bldarray != NULL, "illegal argument");
 787 
 788   if (arg == NULL) {
 789     return;
 790   }
 791 
 792   int new_count = *count + 1;
 793 
 794   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
 795   if (*bldarray == NULL) {
 796     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, new_count, mtInternal);
 797   } else {
 798     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, new_count, mtInternal);
 799   }
 800   (*bldarray)[*count] = strdup(arg);
 801   *count = new_count;
 802 }
 803 
 804 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
 805   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
 806 }
 807 
 808 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
 809   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
 810 }
 811 
 812 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
 813 // strings in a given char** array
 814 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
 815   if (args == NULL || count == 0) {
 816     return NULL;
 817   }
 818   size_t length = 0;
 819   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
 820     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or NULL terminating character
 821   }
 822   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
 823   char* dst = s;
 824   for (int j = 0; j < count; j++) {
 825     size_t offset = strlen(args[j]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or NULL terminating character
 826     jio_snprintf(dst, length, "%s ", args[j]); // jio_snprintf will replace the last space character with NULL character
 827     dst += offset;
 828     length -= offset;
 829   }
 830   return (const char*) s;
 831 }
 832 
 833 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
 834   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
 835   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
 836     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
 837   }
 838   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
 839     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
 840   }
 841   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
 842   if (_java_class_path != NULL) {
 843     char* path = _java_class_path->value();
 844     st->print_cr("java_class_path (initial): %s", strlen(path) == 0 ? "<not set>" : path );
 845   }
 846   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
 847 }
 848 
 849 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
 850   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
 851     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
 852       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
 853     }
 854     st->cr();
 855   }
 856 }
 857 
 858 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
 859   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
 860     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
 861       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
 862     }
 863     st->cr();
 864   }
 865 }
 866 
 867 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg,
 868     jboolean ignore_unrecognized, Flag::Flags origin) {
 869 
 870   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
 871 
 872   if (parse_argument(arg, origin) || ignore_unrecognized) {
 873     return true;
 874   }
 875 
 876   bool has_plus_minus = (*arg == '+' || *arg == '-');
 877   const char* const argname = has_plus_minus ? arg + 1 : arg;
 878   if (is_newly_obsolete(arg, &since)) {
 879     char version[256];
 880     since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
 881     warning("ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", argname, version);
 882     return true;
 883   }
 884 
 885   // For locked flags, report a custom error message if available.
 886   // Otherwise, report the standard unrecognized VM option.
 887 
 888   size_t arg_len;
 889   const char* equal_sign = strchr(argname, '=');
 890   if (equal_sign == NULL) {
 891     arg_len = strlen(argname);
 892   } else {
 893     arg_len = equal_sign - argname;
 894   }
 895 
 896   Flag* found_flag = Flag::find_flag((const char*)argname, arg_len, true, true);
 897   if (found_flag != NULL) {
 898     char locked_message_buf[BUFLEN];
 899     found_flag->get_locked_message(locked_message_buf, BUFLEN);
 900     if (strlen(locked_message_buf) == 0) {
 901       if (found_flag->is_bool() && !has_plus_minus) {
 902         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 903           "Missing +/- setting for VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 904       } else if (!found_flag->is_bool() && has_plus_minus) {
 905         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 906           "Unexpected +/- setting in VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 907       } else {
 908         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 909           "Improperly specified VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 910       }
 911     } else {
 912       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s", locked_message_buf);
 913     }
 914   } else {
 915     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 916                 "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 917     Flag* fuzzy_matched = Flag::fuzzy_match((const char*)argname, arg_len, true);
 918     if (fuzzy_matched != NULL) {
 919       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 920                   "Did you mean '%s%s%s'?\n",
 921                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "(+/-)" : "",
 922                   fuzzy_matched->_name,
 923                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "" : "=<value>");
 924     }
 925   }
 926 
 927   // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
 928   return arg[0] == '#';
 929 }
 930 
 931 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
 932   FILE* stream = fopen(file_name, "rb");
 933   if (stream == NULL) {
 934     if (should_exist) {
 935       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 936                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
 937       return false;
 938     } else {
 939       return true;
 940     }
 941   }
 942 
 943   char token[1024];
 944   int  pos = 0;
 945 
 946   bool in_white_space = true;
 947   bool in_comment     = false;
 948   bool in_quote       = false;
 949   char quote_c        = 0;
 950   bool result         = true;
 951 
 952   int c = getc(stream);
 953   while(c != EOF && pos < (int)(sizeof(token)-1)) {
 954     if (in_white_space) {
 955       if (in_comment) {
 956         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
 957       } else {
 958         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
 959         else if (!isspace(c)) {
 960           in_white_space = false;
 961           token[pos++] = c;
 962         }
 963       }
 964     } else {
 965       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace(c))) {
 966         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
 967         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
 968         token[pos] = '\0';
 969         logOption(token);
 970         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
 971         build_jvm_flags(token);
 972         pos = 0;
 973         in_white_space = true;
 974         in_quote = false;
 975       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
 976         in_quote = true;
 977         quote_c = c;
 978       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
 979         in_quote = false;
 980       } else {
 981         token[pos++] = c;
 982       }
 983     }
 984     c = getc(stream);
 985   }
 986   if (pos > 0) {
 987     token[pos] = '\0';
 988     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
 989     build_jvm_flags(token);
 990   }
 991   fclose(stream);
 992   return result;
 993 }
 994 
 995 //=============================================================================================================
 996 // Parsing of properties (-D)
 997 
 998 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
 999   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
1000 }
1001 
1002 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop) {
1003   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
1004   char* key;
1005   // ns must be static--its address may be stored in a SystemProperty object.
1006   const static char ns[1] = {0};
1007   char* value = (char *)ns;
1008 
1009   size_t key_len = (eq == NULL) ? strlen(prop) : (eq - prop);
1010   key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, mtInternal);
1011   strncpy(key, prop, key_len);
1012   key[key_len] = '\0';
1013 
1014   if (eq != NULL) {
1015     size_t value_len = strlen(prop) - key_len - 1;
1016     value = AllocateHeap(value_len + 1, mtInternal);
1017     strncpy(value, &prop[key_len + 1], value_len + 1);
1018   }
1019 
1020   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
1021     process_java_compiler_argument(value);
1022     FreeHeap(key);
1023     if (eq != NULL) {
1024       FreeHeap(value);
1025     }
1026     return true;
1027   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
1028     _java_command = value;
1029 
1030     // Record value in Arguments, but let it get passed to Java.
1031   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.pid") == 0) {
1032     // launcher.pid property is private and is processed
1033     // in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
1034     // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
1035     FreeHeap(key);
1036     if (eq != NULL) {
1037       FreeHeap(value);
1038     }
1039     return true;
1040   } else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
1041     // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
1042     // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
1043     _java_vendor_url_bug = value;
1044   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.boot.library.path") == 0) {
1045     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, true);
1046     return true;
1047   }
1048   // Create new property and add at the end of the list
1049   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value);
1050   return true;
1051 }
1052 
1053 //===========================================================================================================
1054 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
1055 
1056 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
1057   // Set up default values for all flags.
1058   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
1059   // add a default value for it here.
1060   set_java_compiler(false);
1061   _mode                      = mode;
1062 
1063   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
1064   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
1065   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
1066                           (char*)VM_Version::vm_info_string(), false);
1067 
1068   UseInterpreter             = true;
1069   UseCompiler                = true;
1070   UseLoopCounter             = true;
1071 
1072 #ifndef ZERO
1073   // Turn these off for mixed and comp.  Leave them on for Zero.
1074   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseFastAccessorMethods)) {
1075     UseFastAccessorMethods = (mode == _int);
1076   }
1077   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseFastEmptyMethods)) {
1078     UseFastEmptyMethods = (mode == _int);
1079   }
1080 #endif
1081 
1082   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
1083   // use the saved values
1084   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
1085   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1086   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
1087   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
1088 
1089   // Change from defaults based on mode
1090   switch (mode) {
1091   default:
1092     ShouldNotReachHere();
1093     break;
1094   case _int:
1095     UseCompiler              = false;
1096     UseLoopCounter           = false;
1097     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
1098     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
1099     break;
1100   case _mixed:
1101     // same as default
1102     break;
1103   case _comp:
1104     UseInterpreter           = false;
1105     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
1106     ClipInlining             = false;
1107     // Be much more aggressive in tiered mode with -Xcomp and exercise C2 more.
1108     // We will first compile a level 3 version (C1 with full profiling), then do one invocation of it and
1109     // compile a level 4 (C2) and then continue executing it.
1110     if (TieredCompilation) {
1111       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1112       Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1113     }
1114     break;
1115   }
1116 }
1117 
1118 #if defined(COMPILER2) || defined(_LP64) || !INCLUDE_CDS
1119 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
1120 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
1121 
1122 static void no_shared_spaces(const char* message) {
1123   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1124     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1125       "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
1126     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive.", message);
1127   } else {
1128     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
1129   }
1130 }
1131 #endif
1132 
1133 void Arguments::set_tiered_flags() {
1134   // With tiered, set default policy to AdvancedThresholdPolicy, which is 3.
1135   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice)) {
1136     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice, 3);
1137   }
1138   if (CompilationPolicyChoice < 2) {
1139     vm_exit_during_initialization(
1140       "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
1141   }
1142   // Increase the code cache size - tiered compiles a lot more.
1143   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1144     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize, ReservedCodeCacheSize * 5);
1145   }
1146   if (!UseInterpreter) { // -Xcomp
1147     Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1148     Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1149   }
1150 }
1151 
1152 /**
1153  * Returns the minimum number of compiler threads needed to run the JVM. The following
1154  * configurations are possible.
1155  *
1156  * 1) The JVM is build using an interpreter only. As a result, the minimum number of
1157  *    compiler threads is 0.
1158  * 2) The JVM is build using the compiler(s) and tiered compilation is disabled. As
1159  *    a result, either C1 or C2 is used, so the minimum number of compiler threads is 1.
1160  * 3) The JVM is build using the compiler(s) and tiered compilation is enabled. However,
1161  *    the option "TieredStopAtLevel < CompLevel_full_optimization". As a result, only
1162  *    C1 can be used, so the minimum number of compiler threads is 1.
1163  * 4) The JVM is build using the compilers and tiered compilation is enabled. The option
1164  *    'TieredStopAtLevel = CompLevel_full_optimization' (the default value). As a result,
1165  *    the minimum number of compiler threads is 2.
1166  */
1167 int Arguments::get_min_number_of_compiler_threads() {
1168 #if !defined(COMPILER1) && !defined(COMPILER2) && !defined(SHARK)
1169   return 0;   // case 1
1170 #else
1171   if (!TieredCompilation || (TieredStopAtLevel < CompLevel_full_optimization)) {
1172     return 1; // case 2 or case 3
1173   }
1174   return 2;   // case 4 (tiered)
1175 #endif
1176 }
1177 
1178 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1179 static void disable_adaptive_size_policy(const char* collector_name) {
1180   if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
1181     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy)) {
1182       warning("disabling UseAdaptiveSizePolicy; it is incompatible with %s.",
1183               collector_name);
1184     }
1185     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy, false);
1186   }
1187 }
1188 
1189 void Arguments::set_parnew_gc_flags() {
1190   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC && !UseG1GC,
1191          "control point invariant");
1192   assert(UseParNewGC, "Error");
1193 
1194   // Turn off AdaptiveSizePolicy for parnew until it is complete.
1195   disable_adaptive_size_policy("UseParNewGC");
1196 
1197   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads)) {
1198     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1199     assert(ParallelGCThreads > 0, "We should always have at least one thread by default");
1200   } else if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1201     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1202         "The ParNew GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0\n");
1203     vm_exit(1);
1204   }
1205 
1206   // By default YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize are set to 4096 and 1024 respectively,
1207   // these settings are default for Parallel Scavenger. For ParNew+Tenured configuration
1208   // we set them to 1024 and 1024.
1209   // See CR 6362902.
1210   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize)) {
1211     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1212   }
1213   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1214     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1215   }
1216 
1217   // AlwaysTenure flag should make ParNew promote all at first collection.
1218   // See CR 6362902.
1219   if (AlwaysTenure) {
1220     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, 0);
1221   }
1222   // When using compressed oops, we use local overflow stacks,
1223   // rather than using a global overflow list chained through
1224   // the klass word of the object's pre-image.
1225   if (UseCompressedOops && !ParGCUseLocalOverflow) {
1226     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow)) {
1227       warning("Forcing +ParGCUseLocalOverflow: needed if using compressed references");
1228     }
1229     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow, true);
1230   }
1231   assert(ParGCUseLocalOverflow || !UseCompressedOops, "Error");
1232 }
1233 
1234 // Adjust some sizes to suit CMS and/or ParNew needs; these work well on
1235 // sparc/solaris for certain applications, but would gain from
1236 // further optimization and tuning efforts, and would almost
1237 // certainly gain from analysis of platform and environment.
1238 void Arguments::set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags() {
1239   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC, "Error");
1240   assert(UseConcMarkSweepGC, "CMS is expected to be on here");
1241 
1242   // If we are using CMS, we prefer to UseParNewGC,
1243   // unless explicitly forbidden.
1244   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC)) {
1245     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParNewGC, true);
1246   }
1247 
1248   // Turn off AdaptiveSizePolicy by default for cms until it is complete.
1249   disable_adaptive_size_policy("UseConcMarkSweepGC");
1250 
1251   // In either case, adjust ParallelGCThreads and/or UseParNewGC
1252   // as needed.
1253   if (UseParNewGC) {
1254     set_parnew_gc_flags();
1255   }
1256 
1257   size_t max_heap = align_size_down(MaxHeapSize,
1258                                     CardTableRS::ct_max_alignment_constraint());
1259 
1260   // Now make adjustments for CMS
1261   intx   tenuring_default = (intx)6;
1262   size_t young_gen_per_worker = CMSYoungGenPerWorker;
1263 
1264   // Preferred young gen size for "short" pauses:
1265   // upper bound depends on # of threads and NewRatio.
1266   const uintx parallel_gc_threads =
1267     (ParallelGCThreads == 0 ? 1 : ParallelGCThreads);
1268   const size_t preferred_max_new_size_unaligned =
1269     MIN2(max_heap/(NewRatio+1), ScaleForWordSize(young_gen_per_worker * parallel_gc_threads));
1270   size_t preferred_max_new_size =
1271     align_size_up(preferred_max_new_size_unaligned, os::vm_page_size());
1272 
1273   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size young gen
1274   // for "short" pauses ~ CMSYoungGenPerWorker*ParallelGCThreads
1275 
1276   // If either MaxNewSize or NewRatio is set on the command line,
1277   // assume the user is trying to set the size of the young gen.
1278   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxNewSize) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewRatio)) {
1279 
1280     // Set MaxNewSize to our calculated preferred_max_new_size unless
1281     // NewSize was set on the command line and it is larger than
1282     // preferred_max_new_size.
1283     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {   // NewSize explicitly set at command-line
1284       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxNewSize, MAX2(NewSize, preferred_max_new_size));
1285     } else {
1286       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxNewSize, preferred_max_new_size);
1287     }
1288     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1289       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1290       tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set MaxNewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, MaxNewSize);
1291     }
1292 
1293     // Code along this path potentially sets NewSize and OldSize
1294     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1295       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1296       tty->print_cr("CMS set min_heap_size: " SIZE_FORMAT
1297            " initial_heap_size:  " SIZE_FORMAT
1298            " max_heap: " SIZE_FORMAT,
1299            min_heap_size(), InitialHeapSize, max_heap);
1300     }
1301     size_t min_new = preferred_max_new_size;
1302     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(NewSize)) {
1303       min_new = NewSize;
1304     }
1305     if (max_heap > min_new && min_heap_size() > min_new) {
1306       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, make young gen
1307       // at least min_new, and at most preferred_max_new_size.
1308       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1309         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NewSize, MAX2(NewSize, min_new));
1310         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NewSize, MIN2(preferred_max_new_size, NewSize));
1311         if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1312           // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1313           tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set NewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, NewSize);
1314         }
1315       }
1316       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size old gen
1317       // so it's NewRatio x of NewSize.
1318       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldSize)) {
1319         if (max_heap > NewSize) {
1320           FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, OldSize, MIN2(NewRatio*NewSize, max_heap - NewSize));
1321           if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1322             // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1323             tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set OldSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, OldSize);
1324           }
1325         }
1326       }
1327     }
1328   }
1329   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, definitely
1330   // promote all objects surviving "tenuring_default" scavenges.
1331   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxTenuringThreshold) &&
1332       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1333     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, tenuring_default);
1334   }
1335   // If we decided above (or user explicitly requested)
1336   // `promote all' (via MaxTenuringThreshold := 0),
1337   // prefer minuscule survivor spaces so as not to waste
1338   // space for (non-existent) survivors
1339   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio) && MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
1340     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, SurvivorRatio, MAX2((uintx)1024, SurvivorRatio));
1341   }
1342   // If OldPLABSize is set and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim is not,
1343   // set CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim equal to OldPLABSize.
1344   // This is done in order to make ParNew+CMS configuration to work
1345   // with YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize options.
1346   // See CR 6362902.
1347   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1348     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim)) {
1349       // OldPLABSize is not the default value but CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim
1350       // is.  In this situtation let CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim follow
1351       // the value (either from the command line or ergonomics) of
1352       // OldPLABSize.  Following OldPLABSize is an ergonomics decision.
1353       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, OldPLABSize);
1354     } else {
1355       // OldPLABSize and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim are both set.
1356       // CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim is a collector-specific flag, so
1357       // we'll let it to take precedence.
1358       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1359                   "Both OldPLABSize and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim"
1360                   " options are specified for the CMS collector."
1361                   " CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim will take precedence.\n");
1362     }
1363   }
1364   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ResizeOldPLAB) && !ResizeOldPLAB) {
1365     // OldPLAB sizing manually turned off: Use a larger default setting,
1366     // unless it was manually specified. This is because a too-low value
1367     // will slow down scavenges.
1368     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim)) {
1369       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, 50); // default value before 6631166
1370     }
1371   }
1372   // Overwrite OldPLABSize which is the variable we will internally use everywhere.
1373   FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, OldPLABSize, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim);
1374   // If either of the static initialization defaults have changed, note this
1375   // modification.
1376   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABWeight)) {
1377     CFLS_LAB::modify_initialization(OldPLABSize, OldPLABWeight);
1378   }
1379 
1380   if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1381     tty->print_cr("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk",
1382       (unsigned int) (MarkStackSize / K), (uint) (MarkStackSizeMax / K));
1383     tty->print_cr("ConcGCThreads: %u", (uint) ConcGCThreads);
1384   }
1385 }
1386 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1387 
1388 void set_object_alignment() {
1389   // Object alignment.
1390   assert(is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes), "ObjectAlignmentInBytes must be power of 2");
1391   MinObjAlignmentInBytes     = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1392   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes >= HeapWordsPerLong * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is too small");
1393   MinObjAlignment            = MinObjAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
1394   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes == MinObjAlignment * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is incorrect");
1395   MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask = MinObjAlignmentInBytes - 1;
1396 
1397   LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes  = exact_log2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1398   LogMinObjAlignment         = LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
1399 
1400   // Oop encoding heap max
1401   OopEncodingHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1402 
1403 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1404   // Set CMS global values
1405   CompactibleFreeListSpace::set_cms_values();
1406 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1407 }
1408 
1409 bool verify_object_alignment() {
1410   // Object alignment.
1411   if (!is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes)) {
1412     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1413                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must be power of 2\n",
1414                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1415     return false;
1416   }
1417   if ((int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes < BytesPerLong) {
1418     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1419                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must be greater or equal %d\n",
1420                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes, BytesPerLong);
1421     return false;
1422   }
1423   // It does not make sense to have big object alignment
1424   // since a space lost due to alignment will be greater
1425   // then a saved space from compressed oops.
1426   if ((int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes > 256) {
1427     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1428                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must not be greater than 256\n",
1429                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1430     return false;
1431   }
1432   // In case page size is very small.
1433   if ((int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes >= os::vm_page_size()) {
1434     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1435                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must be less than page size %d\n",
1436                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes, os::vm_page_size());
1437     return false;
1438   }
1439   if(SurvivorAlignmentInBytes == 0) {
1440     SurvivorAlignmentInBytes = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1441   } else {
1442     if (!is_power_of_2(SurvivorAlignmentInBytes)) {
1443       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1444             "error: SurvivorAlignmentInBytes=%d must be power of 2\n",
1445             (int)SurvivorAlignmentInBytes);
1446       return false;
1447     }
1448     if (SurvivorAlignmentInBytes < ObjectAlignmentInBytes) {
1449       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1450           "error: SurvivorAlignmentInBytes=%d must be greater than ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d \n",
1451           (int)SurvivorAlignmentInBytes, (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1452       return false;
1453     }
1454   }
1455   return true;
1456 }
1457 
1458 size_t Arguments::max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1459   // Avoid sign flip.
1460   assert(OopEncodingHeapMax > (uint64_t)os::vm_page_size(), "Unusual page size");
1461   // We need to fit both the NULL page and the heap into the memory budget, while
1462   // keeping alignment constraints of the heap. To guarantee the latter, as the
1463   // NULL page is located before the heap, we pad the NULL page to the conservative
1464   // maximum alignment that the GC may ever impose upon the heap.
1465   size_t displacement_due_to_null_page = align_size_up_(os::vm_page_size(),
1466                                                         _conservative_max_heap_alignment);
1467 
1468   LP64_ONLY(return OopEncodingHeapMax - displacement_due_to_null_page);
1469   NOT_LP64(ShouldNotReachHere(); return 0);
1470 }
1471 
1472 bool Arguments::should_auto_select_low_pause_collector() {
1473   if (UseAutoGCSelectPolicy &&
1474       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxGCPauseMillis) &&
1475       (MaxGCPauseMillis <= AutoGCSelectPauseMillis)) {
1476     if (PrintGCDetails) {
1477       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1478       tty->print_cr("Automatic selection of the low pause collector"
1479        " based on pause goal of %d (ms)", (int) MaxGCPauseMillis);
1480     }
1481     return true;
1482   }
1483   return false;
1484 }
1485 
1486 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_oops() {
1487 #ifndef ZERO
1488 #ifdef _LP64
1489   // MaxHeapSize is not set up properly at this point, but
1490   // the only value that can override MaxHeapSize if we are
1491   // to use UseCompressedOops is InitialHeapSize.
1492   size_t max_heap_size = MAX2(MaxHeapSize, InitialHeapSize);
1493 
1494   if (max_heap_size <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1495 #if !defined(COMPILER1) || defined(TIERED)
1496     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1497       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedOops, true);
1498     }
1499 #endif
1500 #ifdef _WIN64
1501     if (UseLargePages && UseCompressedOops) {
1502       // Cannot allocate guard pages for implicit checks in indexed addressing
1503       // mode, when large pages are specified on windows.
1504       // This flag could be switched ON if narrow oop base address is set to 0,
1505       // see code in Universe::initialize_heap().
1506       Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(false);
1507     }
1508 #endif //  _WIN64
1509   } else {
1510     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1511       warning("Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1512       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1513       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1514     }
1515   }
1516 #endif // _LP64
1517 #endif // ZERO
1518 }
1519 
1520 
1521 // NOTE: set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1522 // set_use_compressed_oops().
1523 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() {
1524 #ifndef ZERO
1525 #ifdef _LP64
1526   // UseCompressedOops must be on for UseCompressedClassPointers to be on.
1527   if (!UseCompressedOops) {
1528     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1529       warning("UseCompressedClassPointers requires UseCompressedOops");
1530     }
1531     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1532   } else {
1533     // Turn on UseCompressedClassPointers too
1534     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers)) {
1535       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedClassPointers, true);
1536     }
1537     // Check the CompressedClassSpaceSize to make sure we use compressed klass ptrs.
1538     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1539       if (CompressedClassSpaceSize > KlassEncodingMetaspaceMax) {
1540         warning("CompressedClassSpaceSize is too large for UseCompressedClassPointers");
1541         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1542       }
1543     }
1544   }
1545 #endif // _LP64
1546 #endif // !ZERO
1547 }
1548 
1549 void Arguments::set_conservative_max_heap_alignment() {
1550   // The conservative maximum required alignment for the heap is the maximum of
1551   // the alignments imposed by several sources: any requirements from the heap
1552   // itself, the collector policy and the maximum page size we may run the VM
1553   // with.
1554   size_t heap_alignment = GenCollectedHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1555 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1556   if (UseParallelGC) {
1557     heap_alignment = ParallelScavengeHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1558   } else if (UseG1GC) {
1559     heap_alignment = G1CollectedHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1560   }
1561 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1562   _conservative_max_heap_alignment = MAX4(heap_alignment,
1563                                           (size_t)os::vm_allocation_granularity(),
1564                                           os::max_page_size(),
1565                                           CollectorPolicy::compute_heap_alignment());
1566 }
1567 
1568 void Arguments::select_gc_ergonomically() {
1569   if (os::is_server_class_machine()) {
1570     if (should_auto_select_low_pause_collector()) {
1571       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
1572     } else {
1573       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
1574     }
1575   }
1576 }
1577 
1578 void Arguments::select_gc() {
1579   if (!gc_selected()) {
1580     select_gc_ergonomically();
1581   }
1582 }
1583 
1584 void Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1585   select_gc();
1586 
1587 #ifdef COMPILER2
1588   // Shared spaces work fine with other GCs but causes bytecode rewriting
1589   // to be disabled, which hurts interpreter performance and decreases
1590   // server performance.  When -server is specified, keep the default off
1591   // unless it is asked for.  Future work: either add bytecode rewriting
1592   // at link time, or rewrite bytecodes in non-shared methods.
1593   if (!DumpSharedSpaces && !RequireSharedSpaces &&
1594       (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces) || !UseSharedSpaces)) {
1595     no_shared_spaces("COMPILER2 default: -Xshare:auto | off, have to manually setup to on.");
1596   }
1597 #endif
1598 
1599   set_conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1600 
1601 #ifndef ZERO
1602 #ifdef _LP64
1603   set_use_compressed_oops();
1604 
1605   // set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1606   // set_use_compressed_oops().
1607   set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs();
1608 
1609   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1610   // in vm_version initialization code.
1611 #endif // _LP64
1612 #endif // !ZERO
1613 }
1614 
1615 void Arguments::set_parallel_gc_flags() {
1616   assert(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC, "Error");
1617   // Enable ParallelOld unless it was explicitly disabled (cmd line or rc file).
1618   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC)) {
1619     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC, true);
1620   }
1621   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC, true);
1622 
1623   // If no heap maximum was requested explicitly, use some reasonable fraction
1624   // of the physical memory, up to a maximum of 1GB.
1625   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
1626                    Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1627   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1628     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1629         "The Parallel GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0\n");
1630     vm_exit(1);
1631   }
1632 
1633   if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
1634     // We don't want to limit adaptive heap sizing's freedom to adjust the heap
1635     // unless the user actually sets these flags.
1636     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapFreeRatio)) {
1637       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapFreeRatio, 0);
1638       _min_heap_free_ratio = MinHeapFreeRatio;
1639     }
1640     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapFreeRatio)) {
1641       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxHeapFreeRatio, 100);
1642       _max_heap_free_ratio = MaxHeapFreeRatio;
1643     }
1644   }
1645 
1646   // If InitialSurvivorRatio or MinSurvivorRatio were not specified, but the
1647   // SurvivorRatio has been set, reset their default values to SurvivorRatio +
1648   // 2.  By doing this we make SurvivorRatio also work for Parallel Scavenger.
1649   // See CR 6362902 for details.
1650   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1651     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio)) {
1652        FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1653     }
1654     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio)) {
1655       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1656     }
1657   }
1658 
1659   if (UseParallelOldGC) {
1660     // Par compact uses lower default values since they are treated as
1661     // minimums.  These are different defaults because of the different
1662     // interpretation and are not ergonomically set.
1663     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio)) {
1664       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio, 1);
1665     }
1666   }
1667 }
1668 
1669 void Arguments::set_g1_gc_flags() {
1670   assert(UseG1GC, "Error");
1671 #ifdef COMPILER1
1672   FastTLABRefill = false;
1673 #endif
1674   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
1675                      Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1676   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1677     vm_exit_during_initialization("The flag -XX:+UseG1GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0", NULL);
1678     }
1679 
1680 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1681   if (G1ConcRefinementThreads == 0) {
1682     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(G1ConcRefinementThreads, ParallelGCThreads);
1683   }
1684 #endif
1685 
1686   // MarkStackSize will be set (if it hasn't been set by the user)
1687   // when concurrent marking is initialized.
1688   // Its value will be based upon the number of parallel marking threads.
1689   // But we do set the maximum mark stack size here.
1690   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkStackSizeMax)) {
1691     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkStackSizeMax, 128 * TASKQUEUE_SIZE);
1692   }
1693 
1694   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio) || GCTimeRatio == 0) {
1695     // In G1, we want the default GC overhead goal to be higher than
1696     // say in PS. So we set it here to 10%. Otherwise the heap might
1697     // be expanded more aggressively than we would like it to. In
1698     // fact, even 10% seems to not be high enough in some cases
1699     // (especially small GC stress tests that the main thing they do
1700     // is allocation). We might consider increase it further.
1701     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio, 9);
1702   }
1703 
1704   if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1705     tty->print_cr("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk",
1706       (unsigned int) (MarkStackSize / K), (uint) (MarkStackSizeMax / K));
1707     tty->print_cr("ConcGCThreads: %u", (uint) ConcGCThreads);
1708   }
1709 }
1710 
1711 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1712 #ifdef ASSERT
1713 static bool verify_serial_gc_flags() {
1714   return (UseSerialGC &&
1715         !(UseParNewGC || (UseConcMarkSweepGC || CMSIncrementalMode) || UseG1GC ||
1716           UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC));
1717 }
1718 #endif // ASSERT
1719 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1720 
1721 void Arguments::set_gc_specific_flags() {
1722 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1723   // Set per-collector flags
1724   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
1725     set_parallel_gc_flags();
1726   } else if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) { // Should be done before ParNew check below
1727     set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags();
1728   } else if (UseParNewGC) {  // Skipped if CMS is set above
1729     set_parnew_gc_flags();
1730   } else if (UseG1GC) {
1731     set_g1_gc_flags();
1732   }
1733   check_deprecated_gcs();
1734   check_deprecated_gc_flags();
1735   if (AssumeMP && !UseSerialGC) {
1736     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads) && ParallelGCThreads == 1) {
1737       warning("If the number of processors is expected to increase from one, then"
1738               " you should configure the number of parallel GC threads appropriately"
1739               " using -XX:ParallelGCThreads=N");
1740     }
1741   }
1742   if (MinHeapFreeRatio == 100) {
1743     // Keeping the heap 100% free is hard ;-) so limit it to 99%.
1744     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, 99);
1745   }
1746 
1747   // If class unloading is disabled, also disable concurrent class unloading.
1748   if (!ClassUnloading) {
1749     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSClassUnloadingEnabled, false);
1750     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloadingWithConcurrentMark, false);
1751     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses, false);
1752   }
1753 #else // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1754   assert(verify_serial_gc_flags(), "SerialGC unset");
1755 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1756 }
1757 
1758 julong Arguments::limit_by_allocatable_memory(julong limit) {
1759   julong max_allocatable;
1760   julong result = limit;
1761   if (os::has_allocatable_memory_limit(&max_allocatable)) {
1762     result = MIN2(result, max_allocatable / MaxVirtMemFraction);
1763   }
1764   return result;
1765 }
1766 
1767 void Arguments::set_heap_size() {
1768   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DefaultMaxRAMFraction)) {
1769     // Deprecated flag
1770     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxRAMFraction, DefaultMaxRAMFraction);
1771   }
1772 
1773   julong phys_mem =
1774     FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM) ? MIN2(os::physical_memory(), (julong)MaxRAM)
1775                             : (julong)MaxRAM;
1776 
1777   // Experimental support for CGroup memory limits
1778   if (UseCGroupMemoryLimitForHeap) {
1779     // This is a rough indicator that a CGroup limit may be in force
1780     // for this process
1781     const char* lim_file = "/sys/fs/cgroup/memory/memory.limit_in_bytes";
1782     FILE *fp = fopen(lim_file, "r");
1783     if (fp != NULL) {
1784       julong cgroup_max = 0;
1785       int ret = fscanf(fp, JULONG_FORMAT, &cgroup_max);
1786       if (ret == 1 && cgroup_max > 0) {
1787         // If unlimited, cgroup_max will be a very large, but unspecified
1788         // value, so use initial phys_mem as a limit
1789         if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1790           // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1791           tty->print_cr("Setting phys_mem to the min of cgroup limit ("
1792                         JULONG_FORMAT "MB) and initial phys_mem ("
1793                         JULONG_FORMAT "MB)", cgroup_max/M, phys_mem/M);
1794         }
1795         phys_mem = MIN2(cgroup_max, phys_mem);
1796       } else {
1797         warning("Unable to read/parse cgroup memory limit from %s: %s",
1798                 lim_file, errno != 0 ? strerror(errno) : "unknown error");
1799       }
1800       fclose(fp);
1801     } else {
1802       warning("Unable to open cgroup memory limit file %s (%s)", lim_file, strerror(errno));
1803     }
1804   }
1805 
1806   // Convert Fraction to Precentage values
1807   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAMPercentage) &&
1808       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAMFraction))
1809     MaxRAMPercentage = 100.0 / MaxRAMFraction;
1810 
1811    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinRAMPercentage) &&
1812        !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinRAMFraction))
1813      MinRAMPercentage = 100.0 / MinRAMFraction;
1814 
1815    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialRAMPercentage) &&
1816        !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialRAMFraction))
1817      InitialRAMPercentage = 100.0 / InitialRAMFraction;
1818 
1819   // If the maximum heap size has not been set with -Xmx,
1820   // then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1821   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1822   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1823     julong reasonable_max = (julong)((phys_mem * MaxRAMPercentage) / 100);
1824     const julong reasonable_min = (julong)((phys_mem * MinRAMPercentage) / 100);
1825     if (reasonable_min < MaxHeapSize) {
1826       // Small physical memory, so use a minimum fraction of it for the heap
1827       reasonable_max = reasonable_min;
1828     } else {
1829       // Not-small physical memory, so require a heap at least
1830       // as large as MaxHeapSize
1831       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1832     }
1833 
1834     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ErgoHeapSizeLimit) && ErgoHeapSizeLimit != 0) {
1835       // Limit the heap size to ErgoHeapSizeLimit
1836       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, (julong)ErgoHeapSizeLimit);
1837     }
1838     if (UseCompressedOops) {
1839       // Limit the heap size to the maximum possible when using compressed oops
1840       julong max_coop_heap = (julong)max_heap_for_compressed_oops();
1841       if (HeapBaseMinAddress + MaxHeapSize < max_coop_heap) {
1842         // Heap should be above HeapBaseMinAddress to get zero based compressed oops
1843         // but it should be not less than default MaxHeapSize.
1844         max_coop_heap -= HeapBaseMinAddress;
1845       }
1846       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, max_coop_heap);
1847     }
1848     reasonable_max = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_max);
1849 
1850     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
1851       // An initial heap size was specified on the command line,
1852       // so be sure that the maximum size is consistent.  Done
1853       // after call to limit_by_allocatable_memory because that
1854       // method might reduce the allocation size.
1855       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)InitialHeapSize);
1856     }
1857 
1858     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1859       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1860       tty->print_cr("  Maximum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t) reasonable_max);
1861     }
1862     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxHeapSize, (uintx)reasonable_max);
1863   }
1864 
1865   // If the minimum or initial heap_size have not been set or requested to be set
1866   // ergonomically, set them accordingly.
1867   if (InitialHeapSize == 0 || min_heap_size() == 0) {
1868     julong reasonable_minimum = (julong)(OldSize + NewSize);
1869 
1870     reasonable_minimum = MIN2(reasonable_minimum, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1871 
1872     reasonable_minimum = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_minimum);
1873 
1874     if (InitialHeapSize == 0) {
1875       julong reasonable_initial = (julong)((phys_mem * InitialRAMPercentage) / 100);
1876 
1877       reasonable_initial = MAX3(reasonable_initial, reasonable_minimum, (julong)min_heap_size());
1878       reasonable_initial = MIN2(reasonable_initial, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1879 
1880       reasonable_initial = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_initial);
1881 
1882       if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1883         // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1884         tty->print_cr("  Initial heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (uintx)reasonable_initial);
1885       }
1886       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialHeapSize, (uintx)reasonable_initial);
1887     }
1888     // If the minimum heap size has not been set (via -Xms),
1889     // synchronize with InitialHeapSize to avoid errors with the default value.
1890     if (min_heap_size() == 0) {
1891       set_min_heap_size(MIN2((uintx)reasonable_minimum, InitialHeapSize));
1892       if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1893         // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1894         tty->print_cr("  Minimum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, min_heap_size());
1895       }
1896     }
1897   }
1898 }
1899 
1900 // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
1901 // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
1902 // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
1903 // amounts of cpu and memory.
1904 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_heap_flags() {
1905   // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
1906   // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
1907   // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
1908   // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
1909   // calculations.
1910   julong initHeapSize;
1911   julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
1912 
1913   if (total_memory < (julong) 256 * M) {
1914     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1915             "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
1916     vm_exit(1);
1917   }
1918 
1919   // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
1920   // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
1921   // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
1922   // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
1923 
1924   initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong) 2,
1925                       total_memory - (julong) 160 * M);
1926 
1927   initHeapSize = limit_by_allocatable_memory(initHeapSize);
1928 
1929   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1930     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize);
1931     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, InitialHeapSize, initHeapSize);
1932     // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
1933     set_min_heap_size(initHeapSize);
1934   }
1935   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1936     // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
1937     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSize,
1938             ((julong) MaxHeapSize / (julong) 8) * (julong) 3);
1939     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxNewSize, NewSize);
1940   }
1941 
1942 #ifndef _ALLBSD_SOURCE  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD.
1943   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
1944 #endif
1945 
1946   // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
1947   FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, BaseFootPrintEstimate, MaxHeapSize);
1948   FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false);
1949   FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, TLABSize, 256 * K);
1950 
1951   // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
1952   // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
1953   // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
1954   FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, YoungPLABSize, 256 * K);     // Note: this is in words
1955 
1956   // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
1957   // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
1958   // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
1959   // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
1960   // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
1961   // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
1962   // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
1963   // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
1964   // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
1965   // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
1966   // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
1967   // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
1968   // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
1969   FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, OldPLABSize, 8 * K);      // Note: this is in words
1970 
1971   // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
1972   FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
1973 
1974   // Encourage steady state memory management
1975   FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ThresholdTolerance, 100);
1976 
1977   // This appears to improve mutator locality
1978   FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
1979 
1980   // Get around early Solaris scheduling bug
1981   // (affinity vs other jobs on system)
1982   // but disallow DR and offlining (5008695).
1983   FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs, true);
1984 
1985   return JNI_OK;
1986 }
1987 
1988 // This must be called after ergonomics because we want bytecode rewriting
1989 // if the server compiler is used, or if UseSharedSpaces is disabled.
1990 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
1991   // Better not attempt to store into a read-only space.
1992   if (UseSharedSpaces) {
1993     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteBytecodes, false);
1994     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1995   }
1996 
1997   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
1998     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1999   }
2000 }
2001 
2002 // Aggressive optimization flags  -XX:+AggressiveOpts
2003 void Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
2004 #ifdef COMPILER2
2005   if (AggressiveUnboxing) {
2006     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
2007       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
2008     } else if (!EliminateAutoBox) {
2009       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because EliminateAutoBox is disabled");
2010       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
2011     }
2012     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
2013       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
2014     } else if (!DoEscapeAnalysis) {
2015       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because DoEscapeAnalysis is disabled");
2016       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
2017     }
2018   }
2019   if (AggressiveOpts || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
2020     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
2021       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
2022     }
2023     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
2024       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax, 20000);
2025     }
2026 
2027     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
2028     char buffer[1024];
2029     jio_snprintf(buffer, 1024, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=" INTX_FORMAT, AutoBoxCacheMax);
2030     add_property(buffer);
2031   }
2032   if (AggressiveOpts && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay)) {
2033     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay, 500);
2034   }
2035 #endif
2036 
2037   if (AggressiveOpts) {
2038 // Sample flag setting code
2039 //    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing)) {
2040 //      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing, true);
2041 //    }
2042   }
2043 }
2044 
2045 //===========================================================================================================
2046 // Parsing of java.compiler property
2047 
2048 void Arguments::process_java_compiler_argument(char* arg) {
2049   // For backwards compatibility, Djava.compiler=NONE or ""
2050   // causes us to switch to -Xint mode UNLESS -Xdebug
2051   // is also specified.
2052   if (strlen(arg) == 0 || strcasecmp(arg, "NONE") == 0) {
2053     set_java_compiler(true);    // "-Djava.compiler[=...]" most recently seen.
2054   }
2055 }
2056 
2057 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
2058   _sun_java_launcher = strdup(launcher);
2059   if (strcmp("gamma", _sun_java_launcher) == 0) {
2060     _created_by_gamma_launcher = true;
2061   }
2062 }
2063 
2064 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
2065   assert(_sun_java_launcher != NULL, "property must have value");
2066   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
2067 }
2068 
2069 bool Arguments::created_by_gamma_launcher() {
2070   return _created_by_gamma_launcher;
2071 }
2072 
2073 //===========================================================================================================
2074 // Parsing of main arguments
2075 
2076 bool Arguments::verify_interval(uintx val, uintx min,
2077                                 uintx max, const char* name) {
2078   // Returns true iff value is in the inclusive interval [min..max]
2079   // false, otherwise.
2080   if (val >= min && val <= max) {
2081     return true;
2082   }
2083   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2084               "%s of " UINTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be between " UINTX_FORMAT
2085               " and " UINTX_FORMAT "\n",
2086               name, val, min, max);
2087   return false;
2088 }
2089 
2090 bool Arguments::verify_min_value(intx val, intx min, const char* name) {
2091   // Returns true if given value is at least specified min threshold
2092   // false, otherwise.
2093   if (val >= min ) {
2094       return true;
2095   }
2096   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2097               "%s of " INTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be at least " INTX_FORMAT "\n",
2098               name, val, min);
2099   return false;
2100 }
2101 
2102 bool Arguments::verify_percentage(uintx value, const char* name) {
2103   if (is_percentage(value)) {
2104     return true;
2105   }
2106   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2107               "%s of " UINTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be between 0 and 100\n",
2108               name, value);
2109   return false;
2110 }
2111 
2112 // check if do gclog rotation
2113 // +UseGCLogFileRotation is a must,
2114 // no gc log rotation when log file not supplied or
2115 // NumberOfGCLogFiles is 0
2116 void check_gclog_consistency() {
2117   if (UseGCLogFileRotation) {
2118     if ((Arguments::gc_log_filename() == NULL) || (NumberOfGCLogFiles == 0)) {
2119       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2120                   "To enable GC log rotation, use -Xloggc:<filename> -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=<num_of_files>\n"
2121                   "where num_of_file > 0\n"
2122                   "GC log rotation is turned off\n");
2123       UseGCLogFileRotation = false;
2124     }
2125   }
2126 
2127   if (UseGCLogFileRotation && (GCLogFileSize != 0) && (GCLogFileSize < 8*K)) {
2128     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, GCLogFileSize, 8*K);
2129     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2130                 "GCLogFileSize changed to minimum 8K\n");
2131   }
2132 }
2133 
2134 // This function is called for -Xloggc:<filename>, it can be used
2135 // to check if a given file name(or string) conforms to the following
2136 // specification:
2137 // A valid string only contains "[A-Z][a-z][0-9].-_%[p|t]"
2138 // %p and %t only allowed once. We only limit usage of filename not path
2139 bool is_filename_valid(const char *file_name) {
2140   const char* p = file_name;
2141   char file_sep = os::file_separator()[0];
2142   const char* cp;
2143   // skip prefix path
2144   for (cp = file_name; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
2145     if (*cp == '/' || *cp == file_sep) {
2146       p = cp + 1;
2147     }
2148   }
2149 
2150   int count_p = 0;
2151   int count_t = 0;
2152   while (*p != '\0') {
2153     if ((*p >= '0' && *p <= '9') ||
2154         (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z') ||
2155         (*p >= 'a' && *p <= 'z') ||
2156          *p == '-'               ||
2157          *p == '_'               ||
2158          *p == '.') {
2159        p++;
2160        continue;
2161     }
2162     if (*p == '%') {
2163       if(*(p + 1) == 'p') {
2164         p += 2;
2165         count_p ++;
2166         continue;
2167       }
2168       if (*(p + 1) == 't') {
2169         p += 2;
2170         count_t ++;
2171         continue;
2172       }
2173     }
2174     return false;
2175   }
2176   return count_p < 2 && count_t < 2;
2177 }
2178 
2179 bool Arguments::verify_MinHeapFreeRatio(FormatBuffer<80>& err_msg, uintx min_heap_free_ratio) {
2180   if (!is_percentage(min_heap_free_ratio)) {
2181     err_msg.print("MinHeapFreeRatio must have a value between 0 and 100");
2182     return false;
2183   }
2184   if (min_heap_free_ratio > MaxHeapFreeRatio) {
2185     err_msg.print("MinHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ") must be less than or "
2186                   "equal to MaxHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ")", min_heap_free_ratio,
2187                   MaxHeapFreeRatio);
2188     return false;
2189   }
2190   // This does not set the flag itself, but stores the value in a safe place for later usage.
2191   _min_heap_free_ratio = min_heap_free_ratio;
2192   return true;
2193 }
2194 
2195 bool Arguments::verify_MaxHeapFreeRatio(FormatBuffer<80>& err_msg, uintx max_heap_free_ratio) {
2196   if (!is_percentage(max_heap_free_ratio)) {
2197     err_msg.print("MaxHeapFreeRatio must have a value between 0 and 100");
2198     return false;
2199   }
2200   if (max_heap_free_ratio < MinHeapFreeRatio) {
2201     err_msg.print("MaxHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ") must be greater than or "
2202                   "equal to MinHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ")", max_heap_free_ratio,
2203                   MinHeapFreeRatio);
2204     return false;
2205   }
2206   // This does not set the flag itself, but stores the value in a safe place for later usage.
2207   _max_heap_free_ratio = max_heap_free_ratio;
2208   return true;
2209 }
2210 
2211 // Check consistency of GC selection
2212 bool Arguments::check_gc_consistency() {
2213   check_gclog_consistency();
2214   bool status = true;
2215   // Ensure that the user has not selected conflicting sets
2216   // of collectors. [Note: this check is merely a user convenience;
2217   // collectors over-ride each other so that only a non-conflicting
2218   // set is selected; however what the user gets is not what they
2219   // may have expected from the combination they asked for. It's
2220   // better to reduce user confusion by not allowing them to
2221   // select conflicting combinations.
2222   uint i = 0;
2223   if (UseSerialGC)                       i++;
2224   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC || UseParNewGC) i++;
2225   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) i++;
2226   if (UseG1GC)                           i++;
2227   if (i > 1) {
2228     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2229                 "Conflicting collector combinations in option list; "
2230                 "please refer to the release notes for the combinations "
2231                 "allowed\n");
2232     status = false;
2233   }
2234   return status;
2235 }
2236 
2237 void Arguments::check_deprecated_gcs() {
2238   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && !UseParNewGC) {
2239     warning("Using the DefNew young collector with the CMS collector is deprecated "
2240         "and will likely be removed in a future release");
2241   }
2242 
2243   if (UseParNewGC && !UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
2244     // !UseConcMarkSweepGC means that we are using serial old gc. Unfortunately we don't
2245     // set up UseSerialGC properly, so that can't be used in the check here.
2246     warning("Using the ParNew young collector with the Serial old collector is deprecated "
2247         "and will likely be removed in a future release");
2248   }
2249 
2250   if (CMSIncrementalMode) {
2251     warning("Using incremental CMS is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release");
2252   }
2253 }
2254 
2255 void Arguments::check_deprecated_gc_flags() {
2256   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(MaxGCMinorPauseMillis)) {
2257     warning("Using MaxGCMinorPauseMillis as minor pause goal is deprecated"
2258             "and will likely be removed in future release");
2259   }
2260   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(DefaultMaxRAMFraction)) {
2261     warning("DefaultMaxRAMFraction is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release. "
2262         "Use MaxRAMFraction instead.");
2263   }
2264   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection)) {
2265     warning("UseCMSCompactAtFullCollection is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release.");
2266   }
2267   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CMSFullGCsBeforeCompaction)) {
2268     warning("CMSFullGCsBeforeCompaction is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release.");
2269   }
2270   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseCMSCollectionPassing)) {
2271     warning("UseCMSCollectionPassing is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release.");
2272   }
2273 }
2274 
2275 // Check stack pages settings
2276 bool Arguments::check_stack_pages()
2277 {
2278   bool status = true;
2279   status = status && verify_min_value(StackYellowPages, 1, "StackYellowPages");
2280   status = status && verify_min_value(StackRedPages, 1, "StackRedPages");
2281   // greater stack shadow pages can't generate instruction to bang stack
2282   status = status && verify_interval(StackShadowPages, 1, 50, "StackShadowPages");
2283   return status;
2284 }
2285 
2286 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
2287 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
2288   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
2289   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
2290   // before returning an error.
2291   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
2292   bool status = true;
2293 
2294   // Allow both -XX:-UseStackBanging and -XX:-UseBoundThreads in non-product
2295   // builds so the cost of stack banging can be measured.
2296 #if (defined(PRODUCT) && defined(SOLARIS))
2297   if (!UseBoundThreads && !UseStackBanging) {
2298     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2299                 "-UseStackBanging conflicts with -UseBoundThreads\n");
2300 
2301      status = false;
2302   }
2303 #endif
2304 
2305   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
2306     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2307                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
2308                 "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
2309                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
2310     status = false;
2311   }
2312 
2313   status = status && verify_interval(AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight, 0, 100,
2314                               "AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight");
2315   status = status && verify_percentage(ThresholdTolerance, "ThresholdTolerance");
2316 
2317   // Divide by bucket size to prevent a large size from causing rollover when
2318   // calculating amount of memory needed to be allocated for the String table.
2319   status = status && verify_interval(StringTableSize, minimumStringTableSize,
2320     (max_uintx / StringTable::bucket_size()), "StringTable size");
2321 
2322   status = status && verify_interval(SymbolTableSize, minimumSymbolTableSize,
2323     (max_uintx / SymbolTable::bucket_size()), "SymbolTable size");
2324 
2325   {
2326     // Using "else if" below to avoid printing two error messages if min > max.
2327     // This will also prevent us from reporting both min>100 and max>100 at the
2328     // same time, but that is less annoying than printing two identical errors IMHO.
2329     FormatBuffer<80> err_msg("%s","");
2330     if (!verify_MinHeapFreeRatio(err_msg, MinHeapFreeRatio)) {
2331       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s\n", err_msg.buffer());
2332       status = false;
2333     } else if (!verify_MaxHeapFreeRatio(err_msg, MaxHeapFreeRatio)) {
2334       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s\n", err_msg.buffer());
2335       status = false;
2336     }
2337   }
2338 
2339   // Min/MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio
2340   status = status && verify_percentage(MinMetaspaceFreeRatio, "MinMetaspaceFreeRatio");
2341   status = status && verify_percentage(MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio, "MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio");
2342 
2343   if (MinMetaspaceFreeRatio > MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio) {
2344     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2345                 "MinMetaspaceFreeRatio (%s" UINTX_FORMAT ") must be less than or "
2346                 "equal to MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio (%s" UINTX_FORMAT ")\n",
2347                 FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinMetaspaceFreeRatio) ? "Default: " : "",
2348                 MinMetaspaceFreeRatio,
2349                 FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio) ? "Default: " : "",
2350                 MaxMetaspaceFreeRatio);
2351     status = false;
2352   }
2353 
2354   // Trying to keep 100% free is not practical
2355   MinMetaspaceFreeRatio = MIN2(MinMetaspaceFreeRatio, (uintx) 99);
2356 
2357   if (FullGCALot && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount)) {
2358     MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount = 1;  // Move objects every gc.
2359   }
2360 
2361   if (UseParallelOldGC && ParallelOldGCSplitALot) {
2362     // Settings to encourage splitting.
2363     if (!FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(NewRatio)) {
2364       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewRatio, 2);
2365     }
2366     if (!FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
2367       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2368     }
2369   }
2370 
2371   status = status && verify_percentage(GCHeapFreeLimit, "GCHeapFreeLimit");
2372   status = status && verify_percentage(GCTimeLimit, "GCTimeLimit");
2373   if (GCTimeLimit == 100) {
2374     // Turn off gc-overhead-limit-exceeded checks
2375     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
2376   }
2377 
2378   status = status && check_gc_consistency();
2379   status = status && check_stack_pages();
2380 
2381   if (CMSIncrementalMode) {
2382     if (!UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
2383       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2384                   "error:  invalid argument combination.\n"
2385                   "The CMS collector (-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC) must be "
2386                   "selected in order\nto use CMSIncrementalMode.\n");
2387       status = false;
2388     } else {
2389       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalDutyCycle,
2390                                   "CMSIncrementalDutyCycle");
2391       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalDutyCycleMin,
2392                                   "CMSIncrementalDutyCycleMin");
2393       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor,
2394                                   "CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor");
2395       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalOffset,
2396                                   "CMSIncrementalOffset");
2397       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSExpAvgFactor,
2398                                   "CMSExpAvgFactor");
2399       // If it was not set on the command line, set
2400       // CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction to 1 so icms can initiate cycles early.
2401       if (CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction < 0) {
2402         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction, 1);
2403       }
2404     }
2405   }
2406 
2407   // CMS space iteration, which FLSVerifyAllHeapreferences entails,
2408   // insists that we hold the requisite locks so that the iteration is
2409   // MT-safe. For the verification at start-up and shut-down, we don't
2410   // yet have a good way of acquiring and releasing these locks,
2411   // which are not visible at the CollectedHeap level. We want to
2412   // be able to acquire these locks and then do the iteration rather
2413   // than just disable the lock verification. This will be fixed under
2414   // bug 4788986.
2415   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences) {
2416     if (VerifyDuringStartup) {
2417       warning("Heap verification at start-up disabled "
2418               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2419       VerifyDuringStartup = false; // Disable verification at start-up
2420     }
2421 
2422     if (VerifyBeforeExit) {
2423       warning("Heap verification at shutdown disabled "
2424               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2425       VerifyBeforeExit = false; // Disable verification at shutdown
2426     }
2427   }
2428 
2429   // Note: only executed in non-PRODUCT mode
2430   if (!UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC &&
2431       (ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent ||
2432        ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses)) {
2433     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2434                 "error: +ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent[AndUnloadsClasses] conflicts"
2435                 " with -UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC");
2436     status = false;
2437   }
2438 
2439   status = status && verify_min_value(ParGCArrayScanChunk, 1, "ParGCArrayScanChunk");
2440 
2441 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
2442   if (UseG1GC) {
2443     status = status && verify_percentage(G1NewSizePercent, "G1NewSizePercent");
2444     status = status && verify_percentage(G1MaxNewSizePercent, "G1MaxNewSizePercent");
2445     status = status && verify_interval(G1NewSizePercent, 0, G1MaxNewSizePercent, "G1NewSizePercent");
2446 
2447     status = status && verify_percentage(InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent,
2448                                          "InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent");
2449     status = status && verify_min_value(G1RefProcDrainInterval, 1,
2450                                         "G1RefProcDrainInterval");
2451     status = status && verify_min_value((intx)G1ConcMarkStepDurationMillis, 1,
2452                                         "G1ConcMarkStepDurationMillis");
2453     status = status && verify_interval(G1ConcRSHotCardLimit, 0, max_jubyte,
2454                                        "G1ConcRSHotCardLimit");
2455     status = status && verify_interval(G1ConcRSLogCacheSize, 0, 27,
2456                                        "G1ConcRSLogCacheSize");
2457     status = status && verify_interval(StringDeduplicationAgeThreshold, 1, markOopDesc::max_age,
2458                                        "StringDeduplicationAgeThreshold");
2459   }
2460   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
2461     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSOldPLABNumRefills, 1, "CMSOldPLABNumRefills");
2462     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSOldPLABToleranceFactor, 1, "CMSOldPLABToleranceFactor");
2463     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSOldPLABMax, 1, "CMSOldPLABMax");
2464     status = status && verify_interval(CMSOldPLABMin, 1, CMSOldPLABMax, "CMSOldPLABMin");
2465 
2466     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSYoungGenPerWorker, 1, "CMSYoungGenPerWorker");
2467 
2468     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSSamplingGrain, 1, "CMSSamplingGrain");
2469     status = status && verify_interval(CMS_SweepWeight, 0, 100, "CMS_SweepWeight");
2470     status = status && verify_interval(CMS_FLSWeight, 0, 100, "CMS_FLSWeight");
2471 
2472     status = status && verify_interval(FLSCoalescePolicy, 0, 4, "FLSCoalescePolicy");
2473 
2474     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSRescanMultiple, 1, "CMSRescanMultiple");
2475     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSConcMarkMultiple, 1, "CMSConcMarkMultiple");
2476 
2477     status = status && verify_interval(CMSPrecleanIter, 0, 9, "CMSPrecleanIter");
2478     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSPrecleanDenominator, 1, "CMSPrecleanDenominator");
2479     status = status && verify_interval(CMSPrecleanNumerator, 0, CMSPrecleanDenominator - 1, "CMSPrecleanNumerator");
2480 
2481     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSBootstrapOccupancy, "CMSBootstrapOccupancy");
2482 
2483     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSPrecleanThreshold, 100, "CMSPrecleanThreshold");
2484 
2485     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSScheduleRemarkEdenPenetration, "CMSScheduleRemarkEdenPenetration");
2486     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSScheduleRemarkSamplingRatio, 1, "CMSScheduleRemarkSamplingRatio");
2487     status = status && verify_min_value(CMSBitMapYieldQuantum, 1, "CMSBitMapYieldQuantum");
2488     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSTriggerRatio, "CMSTriggerRatio");
2489     status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIsTooFullPercentage, "CMSIsTooFullPercentage");
2490   }
2491 
2492   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
2493     status = status && verify_interval(ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterMean, 0, 100, "ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterMean");
2494     status = status && verify_interval(ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterStdDev, 0, 100, "ParallelOldDeadWoodLimiterStdDev");
2495 
2496     status = status && verify_percentage(YoungGenerationSizeIncrement, "YoungGenerationSizeIncrement");
2497     status = status && verify_percentage(TenuredGenerationSizeIncrement, "TenuredGenerationSizeIncrement");
2498 
2499     status = status && verify_min_value(YoungGenerationSizeSupplementDecay, 1, "YoungGenerationSizeSupplementDecay");
2500     status = status && verify_min_value(TenuredGenerationSizeSupplementDecay, 1, "TenuredGenerationSizeSupplementDecay");
2501 
2502     status = status && verify_min_value(ParGCCardsPerStrideChunk, 1, "ParGCCardsPerStrideChunk");
2503 
2504     status = status && verify_min_value(ParallelOldGCSplitInterval, 0, "ParallelOldGCSplitInterval");
2505   }
2506 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
2507 
2508   status = status && verify_interval(RefDiscoveryPolicy,
2509                                      ReferenceProcessor::DiscoveryPolicyMin,
2510                                      ReferenceProcessor::DiscoveryPolicyMax,
2511                                      "RefDiscoveryPolicy");
2512 
2513   // Limit the lower bound of this flag to 1 as it is used in a division
2514   // expression.
2515   status = status && verify_interval(TLABWasteTargetPercent,
2516                                      1, 100, "TLABWasteTargetPercent");
2517 
2518   status = status && verify_object_alignment();
2519 
2520   status = status && verify_interval(CompressedClassSpaceSize, 1*M, 3*G,
2521                                       "CompressedClassSpaceSize");
2522 
2523   status = status && verify_interval(MarkStackSizeMax,
2524                                   1, (max_jint - 1), "MarkStackSizeMax");
2525   status = status && verify_interval(NUMAChunkResizeWeight, 0, 100, "NUMAChunkResizeWeight");
2526 
2527   status = status && verify_min_value(LogEventsBufferEntries, 1, "LogEventsBufferEntries");
2528 
2529   status = status && verify_min_value(HeapSizePerGCThread, (uintx) os::vm_page_size(), "HeapSizePerGCThread");
2530 
2531   status = status && verify_min_value(GCTaskTimeStampEntries, 1, "GCTaskTimeStampEntries");
2532 
2533   status = status && verify_percentage(ParallelGCBufferWastePct, "ParallelGCBufferWastePct");
2534   status = status && verify_interval(TargetPLABWastePct, 1, 100, "TargetPLABWastePct");
2535 
2536   status = status && verify_min_value(ParGCStridesPerThread, 1, "ParGCStridesPerThread");
2537 
2538   status = status && verify_min_value(MinRAMFraction, 1, "MinRAMFraction");
2539   status = status && verify_min_value(InitialRAMFraction, 1, "InitialRAMFraction");
2540   status = status && verify_min_value(MaxRAMFraction, 1, "MaxRAMFraction");
2541   status = status && verify_min_value(DefaultMaxRAMFraction, 1, "DefaultMaxRAMFraction");
2542 
2543   status = status && verify_interval(AdaptiveTimeWeight, 0, 100, "AdaptiveTimeWeight");
2544   status = status && verify_min_value(AdaptiveSizeDecrementScaleFactor, 1, "AdaptiveSizeDecrementScaleFactor");
2545 
2546   status = status && verify_interval(TLABAllocationWeight, 0, 100, "TLABAllocationWeight");
2547   status = status && verify_min_value(MinTLABSize, 1, "MinTLABSize");
2548   status = status && verify_min_value(TLABRefillWasteFraction, 1, "TLABRefillWasteFraction");
2549 
2550   status = status && verify_percentage(YoungGenerationSizeSupplement, "YoungGenerationSizeSupplement");
2551   status = status && verify_percentage(TenuredGenerationSizeSupplement, "TenuredGenerationSizeSupplement");
2552 
2553   // the "age" field in the oop header is 4 bits; do not want to pull in markOop.hpp
2554   // just for that, so hardcode here.
2555   status = status && verify_interval(MaxTenuringThreshold, 0, 15, "MaxTenuringThreshold");
2556   status = status && verify_interval(InitialTenuringThreshold, 0, MaxTenuringThreshold, "MaxTenuringThreshold");
2557   status = status && verify_percentage(TargetSurvivorRatio, "TargetSurvivorRatio");
2558   status = status && verify_percentage(MarkSweepDeadRatio, "MarkSweepDeadRatio");
2559 
2560   status = status && verify_min_value(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount, 1, "MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount");
2561 #ifdef COMPILER1
2562   status = status && verify_min_value(ValueMapInitialSize, 1, "ValueMapInitialSize");
2563 #endif
2564 
2565   if (PrintNMTStatistics) {
2566 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2567     if (MemTracker::tracking_level() == NMT_off) {
2568 #endif // INCLUDE_NMT
2569       warning("PrintNMTStatistics is disabled, because native memory tracking is not enabled");
2570       PrintNMTStatistics = false;
2571 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2572     }
2573 #endif
2574   }
2575 
2576   // Need to limit the extent of the padding to reasonable size.
2577   // 8K is well beyond the reasonable HW cache line size, even with the
2578   // aggressive prefetching, while still leaving the room for segregating
2579   // among the distinct pages.
2580   if (ContendedPaddingWidth < 0 || ContendedPaddingWidth > 8192) {
2581     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2582                 "ContendedPaddingWidth=" INTX_FORMAT " must be in between %d and %d\n",
2583                 ContendedPaddingWidth, 0, 8192);
2584     status = false;
2585   }
2586 
2587   // Need to enforce the padding not to break the existing field alignments.
2588   // It is sufficient to check against the largest type size.
2589   if ((ContendedPaddingWidth % BytesPerLong) != 0) {
2590     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2591                 "ContendedPaddingWidth=" INTX_FORMAT " must be a multiple of %d\n",
2592                 ContendedPaddingWidth, BytesPerLong);
2593     status = false;
2594   }
2595 
2596   // Check lower bounds of the code cache
2597   // Template Interpreter code is approximately 3X larger in debug builds.
2598   uint min_code_cache_size = (CodeCacheMinimumUseSpace DEBUG_ONLY(* 3)) + CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace;
2599   if (InitialCodeCacheSize < (uintx)os::vm_page_size()) {
2600     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2601                 "Invalid InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %dK.\n", InitialCodeCacheSize/K,
2602                 os::vm_page_size()/K);
2603     status = false;
2604   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < InitialCodeCacheSize) {
2605     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2606                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize: %dK. Must be at least InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK.\n",
2607                 ReservedCodeCacheSize/K, InitialCodeCacheSize/K);
2608     status = false;
2609   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < min_code_cache_size) {
2610     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2611                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/K,
2612                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2613     status = false;
2614   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize > 2*G) {
2615     // Code cache size larger than MAXINT is not supported.
2616     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2617                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dM. Must be at most %uM.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/M,
2618                 (2*G)/M);
2619     status = false;
2620   }
2621 
2622   status &= verify_interval(NmethodSweepFraction, 1, ReservedCodeCacheSize/K, "NmethodSweepFraction");
2623   status &= verify_interval(NmethodSweepActivity, 0, 2000, "NmethodSweepActivity");
2624 
2625   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCount) && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCountPerCPU) && CICompilerCountPerCPU) {
2626     warning("The VM option CICompilerCountPerCPU overrides CICompilerCount.");
2627   }
2628 
2629 #ifdef COMPILER1
2630   status &= verify_interval(SafepointPollOffset, 0, os::vm_page_size() - BytesPerWord, "SafepointPollOffset");
2631 #endif
2632 
2633   int min_number_of_compiler_threads = get_min_number_of_compiler_threads();
2634   // The default CICompilerCount's value is CI_COMPILER_COUNT.
2635   assert(min_number_of_compiler_threads <= CI_COMPILER_COUNT, "minimum should be less or equal default number");
2636   // Check the minimum number of compiler threads
2637   status &=verify_min_value(CICompilerCount, min_number_of_compiler_threads, "CICompilerCount");
2638 
2639   return status;
2640 }
2641 
2642 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
2643   const char* option_type) {
2644   if (ignore) return false;
2645 
2646   const char* spacer = " ";
2647   if (option_type == NULL) {
2648     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
2649   }
2650 
2651   if (os::obsolete_option(option)) {
2652     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2653                 "Obsolete %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2654       option->optionString);
2655     return false;
2656   } else {
2657     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2658                 "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2659       option->optionString);
2660     return true;
2661   }
2662 }
2663 
2664 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
2665   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", 0
2666 };
2667 
2668 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
2669   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", 0
2670 };
2671 
2672 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
2673 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
2674 // the option must match exactly.
2675 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
2676   bool tail_allowed) {
2677   for (/* empty */; *names != NULL; ++names) {
2678     if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
2679       if (**tail == '\0' || tail_allowed && **tail == ':') {
2680         return true;
2681       }
2682     }
2683   }
2684   return false;
2685 }
2686 
2687 bool Arguments::parse_uintx(const char* value,
2688                             uintx* uintx_arg,
2689                             uintx min_size) {
2690 
2691   // Check the sign first since atomull() parses only unsigned values.
2692   bool value_is_positive = !(*value == '-');
2693 
2694   if (value_is_positive) {
2695     julong n;
2696     bool good_return = atomull(value, &n);
2697     if (good_return) {
2698       bool above_minimum = n >= min_size;
2699       bool value_is_too_large = n > max_uintx;
2700 
2701       if (above_minimum && !value_is_too_large) {
2702         *uintx_arg = n;
2703         return true;
2704       }
2705     }
2706   }
2707   return false;
2708 }
2709 
2710 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
2711                                                   julong* long_arg,
2712                                                   julong min_size) {
2713   if (!atomull(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
2714   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size);
2715 }
2716 
2717 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
2718 
2719 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
2720   // For components of the system classpath.
2721   SysClassPath scp(Arguments::get_sysclasspath());
2722   bool scp_assembly_required = false;
2723 
2724   // Save default settings for some mode flags
2725   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
2726   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
2727   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
2728   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
2729 
2730   // Setup flags for mixed which is the default
2731   set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2732 
2733   // Parse JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment variable (if present)
2734   jint result = parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&scp, &scp_assembly_required);
2735   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2736     return result;
2737   }
2738 
2739   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in
2740   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(args, &scp, &scp_assembly_required, Flag::COMMAND_LINE);
2741   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2742     return result;
2743   }
2744 
2745   // Parse _JAVA_OPTIONS environment variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
2746   result = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&scp, &scp_assembly_required);
2747   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2748     return result;
2749   }
2750 
2751   // We need to ensure processor and memory resources have been properly
2752   // configured - which may rely on arguments we just processed - before
2753   // doing the final argument processing. Any argument processing that
2754   // needs to know about processor and memory resources must occur after
2755   // this point.
2756 
2757   os::init_container_support();
2758 
2759   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
2760   result = finalize_vm_init_args(&scp, scp_assembly_required);
2761   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2762     return result;
2763   }
2764 
2765   return JNI_OK;
2766 }
2767 
2768 // Checks if name in command-line argument -agent{lib,path}:name[=options]
2769 // represents a valid HPROF of JDWP agent.  is_path==true denotes that we
2770 // are dealing with -agentpath (case where name is a path), otherwise with
2771 // -agentlib
2772 bool valid_hprof_or_jdwp_agent(char *name, bool is_path) {
2773   char *_name;
2774   const char *_hprof = "hprof", *_jdwp = "jdwp";
2775   size_t _len_hprof, _len_jdwp, _len_prefix;
2776 
2777   if (is_path) {
2778     if ((_name = strrchr(name, (int) *os::file_separator())) == NULL) {
2779       return false;
2780     }
2781 
2782     _name++;  // skip past last path separator
2783     _len_prefix = strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX);
2784 
2785     if (strncmp(_name, JNI_LIB_PREFIX, _len_prefix) != 0) {
2786       return false;
2787     }
2788 
2789     _name += _len_prefix;
2790     _len_hprof = strlen(_hprof);
2791     _len_jdwp = strlen(_jdwp);
2792 
2793     if (strncmp(_name, _hprof, _len_hprof) == 0) {
2794       _name += _len_hprof;
2795     }
2796     else if (strncmp(_name, _jdwp, _len_jdwp) == 0) {
2797       _name += _len_jdwp;
2798     }
2799     else {
2800       return false;
2801     }
2802 
2803     if (strcmp(_name, JNI_LIB_SUFFIX) != 0) {
2804       return false;
2805     }
2806 
2807     return true;
2808   }
2809 
2810   if (strcmp(name, _hprof) == 0 || strcmp(name, _jdwp) == 0) {
2811     return true;
2812   }
2813 
2814   return false;
2815 }
2816 
2817 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
2818                                        SysClassPath* scp_p,
2819                                        bool* scp_assembly_required_p,
2820                                        Flag::Flags origin) {
2821   // Remaining part of option string
2822   const char* tail;
2823 
2824   // iterate over arguments
2825   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2826     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
2827 
2828     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
2829 
2830     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
2831         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
2832         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
2833 
2834         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
2835         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
2836         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
2837         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
2838         // string constant object.
2839         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
2840     }
2841 
2842     // -verbose:[class/gc/jni]
2843     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
2844       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
2845         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassLoading, true);
2846         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassUnloading, true);
2847       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
2848         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true);
2849       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2850         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintJNIResolving, true);
2851       }
2852     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
2853     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
2854     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
2855     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
2856       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2857       if (*tail == '\0') {
2858         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
2859       } else {
2860         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
2861         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
2862       }
2863     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
2864     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
2865       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2866       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
2867     // -bootclasspath:
2868     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
2869       scp_p->reset_path(tail);
2870       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2871     // -bootclasspath/a:
2872     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
2873       scp_p->add_suffix(tail);
2874       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2875     // -bootclasspath/p:
2876     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
2877       scp_p->add_prefix(tail);
2878       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2879     // -Xrun
2880     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
2881       if (tail != NULL) {
2882         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
2883         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2884         char* name = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtInternal), tail, len);
2885         name[len] = '\0';
2886 
2887         char *options = NULL;
2888         if(pos != NULL) {
2889           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
2890           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2, mtInternal), pos+1, len2);
2891         }
2892 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2893         if ((strcmp(name, "hprof") == 0) || (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0)) {
2894           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2895             "Profiling and debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2896           return JNI_ERR;
2897         }
2898 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2899         add_init_library(name, options);
2900       }
2901     // -agentlib and -agentpath
2902     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
2903           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
2904       if(tail != NULL) {
2905         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
2906         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2907         char* name = strncpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtInternal), tail, len);
2908         name[len] = '\0';
2909 
2910         char *options = NULL;
2911         if(pos != NULL) {
2912           size_t length = strlen(pos + 1) + 1;
2913           options = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtInternal);
2914           jio_snprintf(options, length, "%s", pos + 1);
2915         }
2916 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2917         if (valid_hprof_or_jdwp_agent(name, is_absolute_path)) {
2918           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2919             "Profiling and debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2920           return JNI_ERR;
2921         }
2922 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2923         add_init_agent(name, options, is_absolute_path);
2924       }
2925     // -javaagent
2926     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
2927 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2928       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2929         "Instrumentation agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2930       return JNI_ERR;
2931 #else
2932       if(tail != NULL) {
2933         size_t length = strlen(tail) + 1;
2934         char *options = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtInternal);
2935         jio_snprintf(options, length, "%s", tail);
2936         add_init_agent("instrument", options, false);
2937       }
2938 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2939     // -Xnoclassgc
2940     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc", &tail)) {
2941       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloading, false);
2942     // -Xincgc: i-CMS
2943     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xincgc", &tail)) {
2944       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
2945       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSIncrementalMode, true);
2946     // -Xnoincgc: no i-CMS
2947     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoincgc", &tail)) {
2948       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
2949       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSIncrementalMode, false);
2950     // -Xconcgc
2951     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcgc", &tail)) {
2952       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
2953     // -Xnoconcgc
2954     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoconcgc", &tail)) {
2955       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
2956     // -Xbatch
2957     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch", &tail)) {
2958       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
2959     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
2960     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
2961       julong long_initial_young_size = 0;
2962       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_young_size, 1);
2963       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2964         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2965                     "Invalid initial young generation size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2966         describe_range_error(errcode);
2967         return JNI_EINVAL;
2968       }
2969       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxNewSize, (uintx)long_initial_young_size);
2970       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSize, (uintx)long_initial_young_size);
2971     // -Xms
2972     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
2973       julong long_initial_heap_size = 0;
2974       // an initial heap size of 0 means automatically determine
2975       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_heap_size, 0);
2976       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2977         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2978                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2979         describe_range_error(errcode);
2980         return JNI_EINVAL;
2981       }
2982       set_min_heap_size((uintx)long_initial_heap_size);
2983       // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2984       // Can be overridden with -XX:InitialHeapSize.
2985       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, InitialHeapSize, (uintx)long_initial_heap_size);
2986     // -Xmx
2987     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail) || match_option(option, "-XX:MaxHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2988       julong long_max_heap_size = 0;
2989       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
2990       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2991         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2992                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2993         describe_range_error(errcode);
2994         return JNI_EINVAL;
2995       }
2996       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapSize, (uintx)long_max_heap_size);
2997     // Xmaxf
2998     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
2999       char* err;
3000       int maxf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
3001       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0' || maxf < 0 || maxf > 100) {
3002         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3003                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
3004                     option->optionString);
3005         return JNI_EINVAL;
3006       } else {
3007         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf);
3008       }
3009     // Xminf
3010     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
3011       char* err;
3012       int minf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
3013       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0' || minf < 0 || minf > 100) {
3014         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3015                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
3016                     option->optionString);
3017         return JNI_EINVAL;
3018       } else {
3019         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, minf);
3020       }
3021     // -Xss
3022     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
3023       julong long_ThreadStackSize = 0;
3024       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ThreadStackSize, 1000);
3025       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3026         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3027                     "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3028         describe_range_error(errcode);
3029         return JNI_EINVAL;
3030       }
3031       // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
3032       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, ThreadStackSize,
3033                               round_to((int)long_ThreadStackSize, K) / K);
3034     // -Xoss
3035     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoss", &tail)) {
3036           // HotSpot does not have separate native and Java stacks, ignore silently for compatibility
3037     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CodeCacheExpansionSize=", &tail)) {
3038       julong long_CodeCacheExpansionSize = 0;
3039       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_CodeCacheExpansionSize, os::vm_page_size());
3040       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3041         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3042                    "Invalid argument: %s. Must be at least %luK.\n", option->optionString,
3043                    os::vm_page_size()/K);
3044         return JNI_EINVAL;
3045       }
3046       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CodeCacheExpansionSize, (uintx)long_CodeCacheExpansionSize);
3047     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail) ||
3048                match_option(option, "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=", &tail)) {
3049       julong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
3050 
3051       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize, 1);
3052       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3053         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3054                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
3055         return JNI_EINVAL;
3056       }
3057       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize);
3058       //-XX:IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt=
3059       } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt=", &tail)) {
3060         uintx uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt = 0;
3061         if (!parse_uintx(tail, &uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt, 0) || uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt > 99) {
3062           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3063                       "Invalid value for IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt: %s. Should be between 0 and 99.\n",
3064                       option->optionString);
3065           return JNI_EINVAL;
3066         }
3067         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt, (uintx)uint_IncreaseFirstTierCompileThresholdAt);
3068     // -green
3069     } else if (match_option(option, "-green", &tail)) {
3070       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3071                   "Green threads support not available\n");
3072           return JNI_EINVAL;
3073     // -native
3074     } else if (match_option(option, "-native", &tail)) {
3075           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
3076     // -Xsqnopause
3077     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xsqnopause", &tail)) {
3078           // EVM option, ignore silently for compatibility
3079     // -Xrs
3080     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs", &tail)) {
3081           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
3082       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, true);
3083     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xusealtsigs", &tail)) {
3084           // change default internal VM signals used - lower case for back compat
3085       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseAltSigs, true);
3086     // -Xoptimize
3087     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoptimize", &tail)) {
3088           // EVM option, ignore silently for compatibility
3089     // -Xprof
3090     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof", &tail)) {
3091 #if INCLUDE_FPROF
3092       _has_profile = true;
3093 #else // INCLUDE_FPROF
3094       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3095         "Flat profiling is not supported in this VM.\n");
3096       return JNI_ERR;
3097 #endif // INCLUDE_FPROF
3098     // -Xconcurrentio
3099     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcurrentio", &tail)) {
3100       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseLWPSynchronization, true);
3101       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
3102       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, DeferThrSuspendLoopCount, 1);
3103       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false);
3104       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSizeThreadIncrease, 16 * K);  // 20Kb per thread added to new generation
3105 
3106       // -Xinternalversion
3107     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion", &tail)) {
3108       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
3109                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
3110       vm_exit(0);
3111 #ifndef PRODUCT
3112     // -Xprintflags
3113     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags", &tail)) {
3114       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
3115       vm_exit(0);
3116 #endif
3117     // -D
3118     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
3119       if (CheckEndorsedAndExtDirs) {
3120         if (match_option(option, "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=", &tail)) {
3121           // abort if -Djava.endorsed.dirs is set
3122           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3123             "-Djava.endorsed.dirs will not be supported in a future release.\n"
3124             "Refer to JEP 220 for details (http://openjdk.java.net/jeps/220).\n");
3125           return JNI_EINVAL;
3126         }
3127         if (match_option(option, "-Djava.ext.dirs=", &tail)) {
3128           // abort if -Djava.ext.dirs is set
3129           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3130             "-Djava.ext.dirs will not be supported in a future release.\n"
3131             "Refer to JEP 220 for details (http://openjdk.java.net/jeps/220).\n");
3132           return JNI_EINVAL;
3133         }
3134       }
3135 
3136       if (!add_property(tail)) {
3137         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3138       }
3139       // Out of the box management support
3140       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
3141 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3142         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ManagementServer, true);
3143 #else
3144         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3145           "-Dcom.sun.management is not supported in this VM.\n");
3146         return JNI_ERR;
3147 #endif
3148       }
3149     // -Xint
3150     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint", &tail)) {
3151           set_mode_flags(_int);
3152     // -Xmixed
3153     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed", &tail)) {
3154           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
3155     // -Xcomp
3156     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp", &tail)) {
3157       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
3158           set_mode_flags(_comp);
3159     // -Xshare:dump
3160     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump", &tail)) {
3161       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true);
3162       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
3163     // -Xshare:on
3164     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on", &tail)) {
3165       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
3166       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true);
3167     // -Xshare:auto
3168     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto", &tail)) {
3169       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
3170       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false);
3171     // -Xshare:off
3172     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off", &tail)) {
3173       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, false);
3174       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false);
3175     // -Xverify
3176     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
3177       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
3178         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, true);
3179         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
3180       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
3181         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false);
3182         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
3183       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
3184         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false);
3185         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, false);
3186       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
3187         return JNI_EINVAL;
3188       }
3189     // -Xdebug
3190     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug", &tail)) {
3191       // note this flag has been used, then ignore
3192       set_xdebug_mode(true);
3193     // -Xnoagent
3194     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoagent", &tail)) {
3195       // For compatibility with classic. HotSpot refuses to load the old style agent.dll.
3196     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xboundthreads", &tail)) {
3197       // Bind user level threads to kernel threads (Solaris only)
3198       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseBoundThreads, true);
3199     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
3200       // Redirect GC output to the file. -Xloggc:<filename>
3201       // ostream_init_log(), when called will use this filename
3202       // to initialize a fileStream.
3203       _gc_log_filename = strdup(tail);
3204      if (!is_filename_valid(_gc_log_filename)) {
3205        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3206                   "Invalid file name for use with -Xloggc: Filename can only contain the "
3207                   "characters [A-Z][a-z][0-9]-_.%%[p|t] but it has been %s\n"
3208                   "Note %%p or %%t can only be used once\n", _gc_log_filename);
3209         return JNI_EINVAL;
3210       }
3211       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true);
3212       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGCTimeStamps, true);
3213 
3214     // JNI hooks
3215     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
3216       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
3217 #if !INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3218         warning("JNI CHECKING is not supported in this VM");
3219 #else
3220         CheckJNICalls = true;
3221 #endif // INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
3222       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
3223                                      "check")) {
3224         return JNI_EINVAL;
3225       }
3226     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf", &tail)) {
3227       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3228     } else if (match_option(option, "exit", &tail)) {
3229       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3230     } else if (match_option(option, "abort", &tail)) {
3231       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
3232     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure", &tail)) {
3233       // The last option must always win.
3234       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false);
3235       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, true);
3236     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure", &tail)) {
3237       // The last option must always win.
3238       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false);
3239       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true);
3240     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled", &tail) ||
3241                match_option(option, "-XX:-CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled", &tail)) {
3242       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3243         "Please use CMSClassUnloadingEnabled in place of "
3244         "CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled in the future\n");
3245     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseGCTimeLimit", &tail)) {
3246       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseGCOverheadLimit, true);
3247       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3248         "Please use -XX:+UseGCOverheadLimit in place of "
3249         "-XX:+UseGCTimeLimit in the future\n");
3250     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UseGCTimeLimit", &tail)) {
3251       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
3252       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3253         "Please use -XX:-UseGCOverheadLimit in place of "
3254         "-XX:-UseGCTimeLimit in the future\n");
3255     // The TLE options are for compatibility with 1.3 and will be
3256     // removed without notice in a future release.  These options
3257     // are not to be documented.
3258     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTLERatio=", &tail)) {
3259       // No longer used.
3260     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ResizeTLE", &tail)) {
3261       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, true);
3262     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-ResizeTLE", &tail)) {
3263       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false);
3264     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintTLE", &tail)) {
3265       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintTLAB, true);
3266     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintTLE", &tail)) {
3267       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintTLAB, false);
3268     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLEFragmentationRatio=", &tail)) {
3269       // No longer used.
3270     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLESize=", &tail)) {
3271       julong long_tlab_size = 0;
3272       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_tlab_size, 1);
3273       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3274         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3275                     "Invalid TLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3276         describe_range_error(errcode);
3277         return JNI_EINVAL;
3278       }
3279       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, TLABSize, long_tlab_size);
3280     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLEThreadRatio=", &tail)) {
3281       // No longer used.
3282     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseTLE", &tail)) {
3283       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, true);
3284     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UseTLE", &tail)) {
3285       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false);
3286     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr", &tail)) {
3287       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false);
3288       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true);
3289     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout", &tail)) {
3290       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false);
3291       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true);
3292     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExtendedDTraceProbes", &tail)) {
3293 #if defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3294       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes, true);
3295       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, true);
3296       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, true);
3297       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, true);
3298 #else // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3299       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3300                   "ExtendedDTraceProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
3301       return JNI_EINVAL;
3302 #endif // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3303 #ifdef ASSERT
3304     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot", &tail)) {
3305       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, FullGCALot, true);
3306       // disable scavenge before parallel mark-compact
3307       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
3308 #endif
3309     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim=", &tail)) {
3310       julong cms_blocks_to_claim = (julong)atol(tail);
3311       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, cms_blocks_to_claim);
3312       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3313         "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
3314         "-XX:CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim in the future\n");
3315     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParCMSPromoteBlocksToClaim=", &tail)) {
3316       julong cms_blocks_to_claim = (julong)atol(tail);
3317       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, cms_blocks_to_claim);
3318       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3319         "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
3320         "-XX:ParCMSPromoteBlocksToClaim in the future\n");
3321     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelGCOldGenAllocBufferSize=", &tail)) {
3322       julong old_plab_size = 0;
3323       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &old_plab_size, 1);
3324       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3325         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3326                     "Invalid old PLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3327         describe_range_error(errcode);
3328         return JNI_EINVAL;
3329       }
3330       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, OldPLABSize, old_plab_size);
3331       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3332                   "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
3333                   "-XX:ParallelGCOldGenAllocBufferSize in the future\n");
3334     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelGCToSpaceAllocBufferSize=", &tail)) {
3335       julong young_plab_size = 0;
3336       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &young_plab_size, 1);
3337       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3338         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3339                     "Invalid young PLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3340         describe_range_error(errcode);
3341         return JNI_EINVAL;
3342       }
3343       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, YoungPLABSize, young_plab_size);
3344       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3345                   "Please use -XX:YoungPLABSize in place of "
3346                   "-XX:ParallelGCToSpaceAllocBufferSize in the future\n");
3347     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSMarkStackSize=", &tail) ||
3348                match_option(option, "-XX:G1MarkStackSize=", &tail)) {
3349       julong stack_size = 0;
3350       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &stack_size, 1);
3351       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3352         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3353                     "Invalid mark stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3354         describe_range_error(errcode);
3355         return JNI_EINVAL;
3356       }
3357       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MarkStackSize, stack_size);
3358     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSMarkStackSizeMax=", &tail)) {
3359       julong max_stack_size = 0;
3360       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &max_stack_size, 1);
3361       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3362         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3363                     "Invalid maximum mark stack size: %s\n",
3364                     option->optionString);
3365         describe_range_error(errcode);
3366         return JNI_EINVAL;
3367       }
3368       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MarkStackSizeMax, max_stack_size);
3369     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelMarkingThreads=", &tail) ||
3370                match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelCMSThreads=", &tail)) {
3371       uintx conc_threads = 0;
3372       if (!parse_uintx(tail, &conc_threads, 1)) {
3373         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3374                     "Invalid concurrent threads: %s\n", option->optionString);
3375         return JNI_EINVAL;
3376       }
3377       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ConcGCThreads, conc_threads);
3378     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=", &tail)) {
3379       julong max_direct_memory_size = 0;
3380       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &max_direct_memory_size, 0);
3381       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3382         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3383                     "Invalid maximum direct memory size: %s\n",
3384                     option->optionString);
3385         describe_range_error(errcode);
3386         return JNI_EINVAL;
3387       }
3388       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxDirectMemorySize, max_direct_memory_size);
3389     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseVMInterruptibleIO", &tail)) {
3390       // NOTE! In JDK 9, the UseVMInterruptibleIO flag will completely go
3391       //       away and will cause VM initialization failures!
3392       warning("-XX:+UseVMInterruptibleIO is obsolete and will be removed in a future release.");
3393       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseVMInterruptibleIO, true);
3394 #if !INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3395     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ManagementServer", &tail)) {
3396         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3397           "ManagementServer is not supported in this VM.\n");
3398         return JNI_ERR;
3399 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3400     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
3401       // Skip -XX:Flags= since that case has already been handled
3402       if (strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) {
3403         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
3404           return JNI_EINVAL;
3405         }
3406       }
3407     // Unknown option
3408     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3409       return JNI_ERR;
3410     }
3411   }
3412 
3413   // PrintSharedArchiveAndExit will turn on
3414   //   -Xshare:on
3415   //   -XX:+TraceClassPaths
3416   if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
3417     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
3418     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true);
3419     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassPaths, true);
3420   }
3421 
3422   // Change the default value for flags  which have different default values
3423   // when working with older JDKs.
3424 #ifdef LINUX
3425  if (JDK_Version::current().compare_major(6) <= 0 &&
3426       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks)) {
3427     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks, false);
3428   }
3429 #endif // LINUX
3430   fix_appclasspath();
3431   return JNI_OK;
3432 }
3433 
3434 // Remove all empty paths from the app classpath (if IgnoreEmptyClassPaths is enabled)
3435 //
3436 // This is necessary because some apps like to specify classpath like -cp foo.jar:${XYZ}:bar.jar
3437 // in their start-up scripts. If XYZ is empty, the classpath will look like "-cp foo.jar::bar.jar".
3438 // Java treats such empty paths as if the user specified "-cp foo.jar:.:bar.jar". I.e., an empty
3439 // path is treated as the current directory.
3440 //
3441 // This causes problems with CDS, which requires that all directories specified in the classpath
3442 // must be empty. In most cases, applications do NOT want to load classes from the current
3443 // directory anyway. Adding -XX:+IgnoreEmptyClassPaths will make these applications' start-up
3444 // scripts compatible with CDS.
3445 void Arguments::fix_appclasspath() {
3446   if (IgnoreEmptyClassPaths) {
3447     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3448     const char* src = _java_class_path->value();
3449 
3450     // skip over all the leading empty paths
3451     while (*src == separator) {
3452       src ++;
3453     }
3454 
3455     char* copy = AllocateHeap(strlen(src) + 1, mtInternal);
3456     strncpy(copy, src, strlen(src) + 1);
3457 
3458     // trim all trailing empty paths
3459     for (char* tail = copy + strlen(copy) - 1; tail >= copy && *tail == separator; tail--) {
3460       *tail = '\0';
3461     }
3462 
3463     char from[3] = {separator, separator, '\0'};
3464     char to  [2] = {separator, '\0'};
3465     while (StringUtils::replace_no_expand(copy, from, to) > 0) {
3466       // Keep replacing "::" -> ":" until we have no more "::" (non-windows)
3467       // Keep replacing ";;" -> ";" until we have no more ";;" (windows)
3468     }
3469 
3470     _java_class_path->set_value(copy);
3471     FreeHeap(copy); // a copy was made by set_value, so don't need this anymore
3472   }
3473 
3474   if (!PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
3475     ClassLoader::trace_class_path(tty, "[classpath: ", _java_class_path->value());
3476   }
3477 }
3478 
3479 static bool has_jar_files(const char* directory) {
3480   DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
3481   if (dir == NULL) return false;
3482 
3483   struct dirent *entry;
3484   char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory), mtInternal);
3485   bool hasJarFile = false;
3486   while (!hasJarFile && (entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
3487     const char* name = entry->d_name;
3488     const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
3489     hasJarFile = ext > name && (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0);
3490   }
3491   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf, mtInternal);
3492   os::closedir(dir);
3493   return hasJarFile ;
3494 }
3495 
3496 // returns the number of directories in the given path containing JAR files
3497 // If the skip argument is not NULL, it will skip that directory
3498 static int check_non_empty_dirs(const char* path, const char* type, const char* skip) {
3499   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3500   const char* const end = path + strlen(path);
3501   int nonEmptyDirs = 0;
3502   while (path < end) {
3503     const char* tmp_end = strchr(path, separator);
3504     if (tmp_end == NULL) {
3505       if ((skip == NULL || strcmp(path, skip) != 0) && has_jar_files(path)) {
3506         nonEmptyDirs++;
3507         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3508           "Non-empty %s directory: %s\n", type, path);
3509       }
3510       path = end;
3511     } else {
3512       char* dirpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, tmp_end - path + 1, mtInternal);
3513       memcpy(dirpath, path, tmp_end - path);
3514       dirpath[tmp_end - path] = '\0';
3515       if ((skip == NULL || strcmp(dirpath, skip) != 0) && has_jar_files(dirpath)) {
3516         nonEmptyDirs++;
3517         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3518           "Non-empty %s directory: %s\n", type, dirpath);
3519       }
3520       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dirpath, mtInternal);
3521       path = tmp_end + 1;
3522     }
3523   }
3524   return nonEmptyDirs;
3525 }
3526 
3527 // Returns true if endorsed standards override mechanism and extension mechanism
3528 // are not used.
3529 static bool check_endorsed_and_ext_dirs() {
3530   if (!CheckEndorsedAndExtDirs)
3531     return true;
3532 
3533   char endorsedDir[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3534   char extDir[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3535   const char* fileSep = os::file_separator();
3536   jio_snprintf(endorsedDir, sizeof(endorsedDir), "%s%slib%sendorsed",
3537                Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3538   jio_snprintf(extDir, sizeof(extDir), "%s%slib%sext",
3539                Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3540 
3541   // check endorsed directory
3542   int nonEmptyDirs = check_non_empty_dirs(Arguments::get_endorsed_dir(), "endorsed", NULL);
3543 
3544   // check the extension directories but skip the default lib/ext directory
3545   nonEmptyDirs += check_non_empty_dirs(Arguments::get_ext_dirs(), "extension", extDir);
3546 
3547   // List of JAR files installed in the default lib/ext directory.
3548   // -XX:+CheckEndorsedAndExtDirs checks if any non-JDK file installed
3549   static const char* jdk_ext_jars[] = {
3550       "access-bridge-32.jar",
3551       "access-bridge-64.jar",
3552       "access-bridge.jar",
3553       "cldrdata.jar",
3554       "dnsns.jar",
3555       "jaccess.jar",
3556       "jfxrt.jar",
3557       "localedata.jar",
3558       "nashorn.jar",
3559       "sunec.jar",
3560       "sunjce_provider.jar",
3561       "sunmscapi.jar",
3562       "sunpkcs11.jar",
3563       "ucrypto.jar",
3564       "zipfs.jar",
3565       NULL
3566   };
3567 
3568   // check if the default lib/ext directory has any non-JDK jar files; if so, error
3569   DIR* dir = os::opendir(extDir);
3570   if (dir != NULL) {
3571     int num_ext_jars = 0;
3572     struct dirent *entry;
3573     char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(extDir), mtInternal);
3574     while ((entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
3575       const char* name = entry->d_name;
3576       const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
3577       if (ext > name && (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0)) {
3578         bool is_jdk_jar = false;
3579         const char* jarfile = NULL;
3580         for (int i=0; (jarfile = jdk_ext_jars[i]) != NULL; i++) {
3581           if (os::file_name_strcmp(name, jarfile) == 0) {
3582             is_jdk_jar = true;
3583             break;
3584           }
3585         }
3586         if (!is_jdk_jar) {
3587           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3588             "%s installed in <JAVA_HOME>/lib/ext\n", name);
3589           num_ext_jars++;
3590         }
3591       }
3592     }
3593     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf, mtInternal);
3594     os::closedir(dir);
3595     if (num_ext_jars > 0) {
3596       nonEmptyDirs += 1;
3597     }
3598   }
3599 
3600   // check if the default lib/endorsed directory exists; if so, error
3601   dir = os::opendir(endorsedDir);
3602   if (dir != NULL) {
3603     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/endorsed exists\n");
3604     os::closedir(dir);
3605     nonEmptyDirs += 1;
3606   }
3607 
3608   if (nonEmptyDirs > 0) {
3609     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3610       "Endorsed standards override mechanism and extension mechanism "
3611       "will not be supported in a future release.\n"
3612       "Refer to JEP 220 for details (http://openjdk.java.net/jeps/220).\n");
3613     return false;
3614   }
3615 
3616   return true;
3617 }
3618 
3619 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool scp_assembly_required) {
3620   // This must be done after all -D arguments have been processed.
3621   scp_p->expand_endorsed();
3622 
3623   if (scp_assembly_required || scp_p->get_endorsed() != NULL) {
3624     // Assemble the bootclasspath elements into the final path.
3625     Arguments::set_sysclasspath(scp_p->combined_path());
3626   }
3627 
3628   if (!check_endorsed_and_ext_dirs()) {
3629     return JNI_ERR;
3630   }
3631 
3632   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed
3633   // and the container support has been initialized since AggressiveHeap
3634   // relies on the amount of total memory available.
3635   if (AggressiveHeap) {
3636     jint result = set_aggressive_heap_flags();
3637     if (result != JNI_OK) {
3638       return result;
3639     }
3640   }
3641   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed.
3642   // java_compiler() true means set to "NONE" or empty.
3643   if (java_compiler() && !xdebug_mode()) {
3644     // For backwards compatibility, we switch to interpreted mode if
3645     // -Djava.compiler="NONE" or "" is specified AND "-Xdebug" was
3646     // not specified.
3647     set_mode_flags(_int);
3648   }
3649   if (CompileThreshold == 0) {
3650     set_mode_flags(_int);
3651   }
3652 
3653   // eventually fix up InitialTenuringThreshold if only MaxTenuringThreshold is set
3654   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialTenuringThreshold) && (InitialTenuringThreshold > MaxTenuringThreshold)) {
3655     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialTenuringThreshold, MaxTenuringThreshold);
3656   }
3657 
3658 #ifndef COMPILER2
3659   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
3660   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
3661       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
3662     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
3663     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
3664     // Java heap and the code cache.
3665     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
3666   }
3667 
3668 #else
3669   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OptoLoopAlignment) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad)) {
3670     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad, OptoLoopAlignment-1);
3671   }
3672 #endif
3673 
3674 #ifndef TIERED
3675   // Tiered compilation is undefined.
3676   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TieredCompilation, "TieredCompilation");
3677 #endif
3678 
3679   // If we are running in a headless jre, force java.awt.headless property
3680   // to be true unless the property has already been set.
3681   // Also allow the OS environment variable JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS to set headless state.
3682   if (os::is_headless_jre()) {
3683     const char* headless = Arguments::get_property("java.awt.headless");
3684     if (headless == NULL) {
3685       char envbuffer[128];
3686       if (!os::getenv("JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS", envbuffer, sizeof(envbuffer))) {
3687         if (!add_property("java.awt.headless=true")) {
3688           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3689         }
3690       } else {
3691         char buffer[256];
3692         jio_snprintf(buffer, 256, "java.awt.headless=%s", envbuffer);
3693         if (!add_property(buffer)) {
3694           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3695         }
3696       }
3697     }
3698   }
3699 
3700   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
3701     return JNI_ERR;
3702   }
3703 
3704   return JNI_OK;
3705 }
3706 
3707 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
3708   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", scp_p,
3709                                             scp_assembly_required_p);
3710 }
3711 
3712 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
3713   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", scp_p,
3714                                             scp_assembly_required_p);
3715 }
3716 
3717 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name, SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
3718   const int N_MAX_OPTIONS = 64;
3719   const int OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
3720   char buffer[OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE];
3721 
3722   // The variable will be ignored if it exceeds the length of the buffer.
3723   // Don't check this variable if user has special privileges
3724   // (e.g. unix su command).
3725   if (os::getenv(name, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) &&
3726       !os::have_special_privileges()) {
3727     JavaVMOption options[N_MAX_OPTIONS];      // Construct option array
3728     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3729                 "Picked up %s: %s\n", name, buffer);
3730     char* rd = buffer;                        // pointer to the input string (rd)
3731     int i;
3732     for (i = 0; i < N_MAX_OPTIONS;) {         // repeat for all options in the input string
3733       while (isspace(*rd)) rd++;              // skip whitespace
3734       if (*rd == 0) break;                    // we re done when the input string is read completely
3735 
3736       // The output, option string, overwrites the input string.
3737       // Because of quoting, the pointer to the option string (wrt) may lag the pointer to
3738       // input string (rd).
3739       char* wrt = rd;
3740 
3741       options[i++].optionString = wrt;        // Fill in option
3742       while (*rd != 0 && !isspace(*rd)) {     // unquoted strings terminate with a space or NULL
3743         if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
3744           int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
3745           rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
3746           while (*rd != quote) {              // include everything (even spaces) up until quote
3747             if (*rd == 0) {                   // string termination means unmatched string
3748               jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3749                           "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
3750               return JNI_ERR;
3751             }
3752             *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
3753           }
3754           rd++;                               // don't copy close quote
3755         } else {
3756           *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
3757         }
3758       }
3759       // Need to check if we're done before writing a NULL,
3760       // because the write could be to the byte that rd is pointing to.
3761       if (*rd++ == 0) {
3762         *wrt = 0;
3763         break;
3764       }
3765       *wrt = 0;                               // Zero terminate option
3766     }
3767     // Construct JavaVMInitArgs structure and parse as if it was part of the command line
3768     JavaVMInitArgs vm_args;
3769     vm_args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
3770     vm_args.options = options;
3771     vm_args.nOptions = i;
3772     vm_args.ignoreUnrecognized = IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions;
3773 
3774     if (PrintVMOptions) {
3775       const char* tail;
3776       for (int i = 0; i < vm_args.nOptions; i++) {
3777         const JavaVMOption *option = vm_args.options + i;
3778         if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3779           logOption(tail);
3780         }
3781       }
3782     }
3783 
3784     return(parse_each_vm_init_arg(&vm_args, scp_p, scp_assembly_required_p, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR));
3785   }
3786   return JNI_OK;
3787 }
3788 
3789 void Arguments::set_shared_spaces_flags() {
3790   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3791     if (FailOverToOldVerifier) {
3792       // Don't fall back to the old verifier on verification failure. If a
3793       // class fails verification with the split verifier, it might fail the
3794       // CDS runtime verifier constraint check. In that case, we don't want
3795       // to share the class. We only archive classes that pass the split verifier.
3796       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(FailOverToOldVerifier, false);
3797     }
3798 
3799     if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
3800       warning("cannot dump shared archive while using shared archive");
3801     }
3802     UseSharedSpaces = false;
3803 #ifdef _LP64
3804     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3805       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3806         "Cannot dump shared archive when UseCompressedOops or UseCompressedClassPointers is off.", NULL);
3807     }
3808   } else {
3809     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3810       no_shared_spaces("UseCompressedOops and UseCompressedClassPointers must be on for UseSharedSpaces.");
3811     }
3812 #endif
3813   }
3814 }
3815 
3816 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3817 static void force_serial_gc() {
3818   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSerialGC, true);
3819   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CMSIncrementalMode, false);  // special CMS suboption
3820   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseG1GC);
3821   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParallelGC);
3822   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParallelOldGC);
3823   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseConcMarkSweepGC);
3824   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParNewGC);
3825 }
3826 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3827 
3828 // Sharing support
3829 // Construct the path to the archive
3830 static char* get_shared_archive_path() {
3831   char *shared_archive_path;
3832   if (SharedArchiveFile == NULL) {
3833     char jvm_path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3834     os::jvm_path(jvm_path, sizeof(jvm_path));
3835     char *end = strrchr(jvm_path, *os::file_separator());
3836     if (end != NULL) *end = '\0';
3837     size_t jvm_path_len = strlen(jvm_path);
3838     size_t file_sep_len = strlen(os::file_separator());
3839     shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, jvm_path_len +
3840         file_sep_len + 20, mtInternal);
3841     if (shared_archive_path != NULL) {
3842       strncpy(shared_archive_path, jvm_path, jvm_path_len + 1);
3843       strncat(shared_archive_path, os::file_separator(), file_sep_len);
3844       strncat(shared_archive_path, "classes.jsa", 11);
3845     }
3846   } else {
3847     shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(SharedArchiveFile) + 1, mtInternal);
3848     if (shared_archive_path != NULL) {
3849       strncpy(shared_archive_path, SharedArchiveFile, strlen(SharedArchiveFile) + 1);
3850     }
3851   }
3852   return shared_archive_path;
3853 }
3854 
3855 #ifndef PRODUCT
3856 // Determine whether LogVMOutput should be implicitly turned on.
3857 static bool use_vm_log() {
3858   if (LogCompilation || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogFile) ||
3859       PrintCompilation || PrintInlining || PrintDependencies || PrintNativeNMethods ||
3860       PrintDebugInfo || PrintRelocations || PrintNMethods || PrintExceptionHandlers ||
3861       PrintAssembly || TraceDeoptimization || TraceDependencies ||
3862       (VerifyDependencies && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(VerifyDependencies))) {
3863     return true;
3864   }
3865 
3866 #ifdef COMPILER1
3867   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
3868     return true;
3869   }
3870 #endif // COMPILER1
3871 
3872 #ifdef COMPILER2
3873   if (PrintOptoAssembly || PrintOptoStatistics) {
3874     return true;
3875   }
3876 #endif // COMPILER2
3877 
3878   return false;
3879 }
3880 #endif // PRODUCT
3881 
3882 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
3883 
3884 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
3885 
3886   // Remaining part of option string
3887   const char* tail;
3888 
3889   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
3890   const char* hotspotrc = ".hotspotrc";
3891   bool settings_file_specified = false;
3892   bool needs_hotspotrc_warning = false;
3893 
3894   ArgumentsExt::process_options(args);
3895 
3896   const char* flags_file;
3897   int index;
3898   for (index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3899     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3900     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
3901       flags_file = tail;
3902       settings_file_specified = true;
3903     }
3904     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions", &tail)) {
3905       PrintVMOptions = true;
3906     }
3907     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintVMOptions", &tail)) {
3908       PrintVMOptions = false;
3909     }
3910     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", &tail)) {
3911       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = true;
3912     }
3913     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", &tail)) {
3914       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false;
3915     }
3916     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial", &tail)) {
3917       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
3918       vm_exit(0);
3919     }
3920     if (match_option(option, "-XX:NativeMemoryTracking", &tail)) {
3921 #if INCLUDE_NMT
3922       // The launcher did not setup nmt environment variable properly.
3923       if (!MemTracker::check_launcher_nmt_support(tail)) {
3924         warning("Native Memory Tracking did not setup properly, using wrong launcher?");
3925       }
3926 
3927       // Verify if nmt option is valid.
3928       if (MemTracker::verify_nmt_option()) {
3929         // Late initialization, still in single-threaded mode.
3930         if (MemTracker::tracking_level() >= NMT_summary) {
3931           MemTracker::init();
3932         }
3933       } else {
3934         vm_exit_during_initialization("Syntax error, expecting -XX:NativeMemoryTracking=[off|summary|detail]", NULL);
3935       }
3936 #else
3937       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3938         "Native Memory Tracking is not supported in this VM\n");
3939       return JNI_ERR;
3940 #endif
3941     }
3942 
3943 
3944 #ifndef PRODUCT
3945     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsWithComments", &tail)) {
3946       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, true);
3947       vm_exit(0);
3948     }
3949 #endif
3950   }
3951 
3952   if (IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions) {
3953     // uncast const to modify the flag args->ignoreUnrecognized
3954     *(jboolean*)(&args->ignoreUnrecognized) = true;
3955   }
3956 
3957   // Parse specified settings file
3958   if (settings_file_specified) {
3959     if (!process_settings_file(flags_file, true, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3960       return JNI_EINVAL;
3961     }
3962   } else {
3963 #ifdef ASSERT
3964     // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
3965     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3966       return JNI_EINVAL;
3967     }
3968 #else
3969     struct stat buf;
3970     if (os::stat(hotspotrc, &buf) == 0) {
3971       needs_hotspotrc_warning = true;
3972     }
3973 #endif
3974   }
3975 
3976   if (PrintVMOptions) {
3977     for (index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3978       const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3979       if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3980         logOption(tail);
3981       }
3982     }
3983   }
3984 
3985   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
3986   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(args);
3987   if (result != JNI_OK) {
3988     return result;
3989   }
3990 
3991   // Call get_shared_archive_path() here, after possible SharedArchiveFile option got parsed.
3992   SharedArchivePath = get_shared_archive_path();
3993   if (SharedArchivePath == NULL) {
3994     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3995   }
3996 
3997   // Set up VerifySharedSpaces
3998   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(VerifySharedSpaces) && SharedArchiveFile != NULL) {
3999     VerifySharedSpaces = true;
4000   }
4001 
4002   // Delay warning until here so that we've had a chance to process
4003   // the -XX:-PrintWarnings flag
4004   if (needs_hotspotrc_warning) {
4005     warning("%s file is present but has been ignored.  "
4006             "Run with -XX:Flags=%s to load the file.",
4007             hotspotrc, hotspotrc);
4008   }
4009 
4010 #ifdef _ALLBSD_SOURCE  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD.
4011   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseLargePages, "-XX:+UseLargePages");
4012 #endif
4013 
4014 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
4015   #if (defined JAVASE_EMBEDDED || defined ARM)
4016     UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseG1GC, "G1 GC");
4017   #endif
4018 #endif
4019 
4020 #ifndef PRODUCT
4021   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
4022     TraceBytecodes = true;
4023   }
4024   if (CountCompiledCalls) {
4025     if (UseCounterDecay) {
4026       warning("UseCounterDecay disabled because CountCalls is set");
4027       UseCounterDecay = false;
4028     }
4029   }
4030 #endif // PRODUCT
4031 
4032   // JSR 292 is not supported before 1.7
4033   if (!JDK_Version::is_gte_jdk17x_version()) {
4034     if (EnableInvokeDynamic) {
4035       if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EnableInvokeDynamic)) {
4036         warning("JSR 292 is not supported before 1.7.  Disabling support.");
4037       }
4038       EnableInvokeDynamic = false;
4039     }
4040   }
4041 
4042   if (EnableInvokeDynamic && ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
4043     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
4044       warning("forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero because EnableInvokeDynamic is true");
4045     }
4046     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
4047   }
4048 
4049   if (PrintGCDetails) {
4050     // Turn on -verbose:gc options as well
4051     PrintGC = true;
4052   }
4053 
4054   if (!JDK_Version::is_gte_jdk18x_version()) {
4055     // To avoid changing the log format for 7 updates this flag is only
4056     // true by default in JDK8 and above.
4057     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(PrintGCCause)) {
4058       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(PrintGCCause, false);
4059     }
4060   }
4061 
4062   // Set object alignment values.
4063   set_object_alignment();
4064 
4065 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
4066   force_serial_gc();
4067 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
4068 #if !INCLUDE_CDS
4069   if (DumpSharedSpaces || RequireSharedSpaces) {
4070     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
4071       "Shared spaces are not supported in this VM\n");
4072     return JNI_ERR;
4073   }
4074   if ((UseSharedSpaces && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseSharedSpaces)) || PrintSharedSpaces) {
4075     warning("Shared spaces are not supported in this VM");
4076     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
4077     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(PrintSharedSpaces, false);
4078   }
4079   no_shared_spaces("CDS Disabled");
4080 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
4081 
4082   return JNI_OK;
4083 }
4084 
4085 jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
4086 
4087   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
4088   set_ergonomics_flags();
4089 
4090   set_shared_spaces_flags();
4091 
4092 #if defined(SPARC)
4093   // BIS instructions require 'membar' instruction regardless of the number
4094   // of CPUs because in virtualized/container environments which might use only 1
4095   // CPU, BIS instructions may produce incorrect results.
4096 
4097   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AssumeMP)) {
4098     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AssumeMP, true);
4099   }
4100 #endif
4101 
4102   // Check the GC selections again.
4103   if (!check_gc_consistency()) {
4104     return JNI_EINVAL;
4105   }
4106 
4107   if (TieredCompilation) {
4108     set_tiered_flags();
4109   } else {
4110     // Check if the policy is valid. Policies 0 and 1 are valid for non-tiered setup.
4111     if (CompilationPolicyChoice >= 2) {
4112       vm_exit_during_initialization(
4113         "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
4114     }
4115   }
4116   // Set NmethodSweepFraction after the size of the code cache is adapted (in case of tiered)
4117   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NmethodSweepFraction)) {
4118     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(NmethodSweepFraction, 1 + ReservedCodeCacheSize / (16 * M));
4119   }
4120 
4121 
4122   // Set heap size based on available physical memory
4123   set_heap_size();
4124 
4125   ArgumentsExt::set_gc_specific_flags();
4126 
4127   // Initialize Metaspace flags and alignments.
4128   Metaspace::ergo_initialize();
4129 
4130   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
4131   set_bytecode_flags();
4132 
4133   // Set flags if Aggressive optimization flags (-XX:+AggressiveOpts) enabled.
4134   set_aggressive_opts_flags();
4135 
4136   // Turn off biased locking for locking debug mode flags,
4137   // which are subtlely different from each other but neither works with
4138   // biased locking.
4139   if (UseHeavyMonitors
4140 #ifdef COMPILER1
4141       || !UseFastLocking
4142 #endif // COMPILER1
4143     ) {
4144     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking) && UseBiasedLocking) {
4145       // flag set to true on command line; warn the user that they
4146       // can't enable biased locking here
4147       warning("Biased Locking is not supported with locking debug flags"
4148               "; ignoring UseBiasedLocking flag." );
4149     }
4150     UseBiasedLocking = false;
4151   }
4152 
4153 #ifdef ZERO
4154   // Clear flags not supported on zero.
4155   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ProfileInterpreter, false);
4156   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking, false);
4157   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false));
4158   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false));
4159 #endif // CC_INTERP
4160 
4161 #ifdef COMPILER2
4162   if (!EliminateLocks) {
4163     EliminateNestedLocks = false;
4164   }
4165   if (!Inline) {
4166     IncrementalInline = false;
4167   }
4168 #ifndef PRODUCT
4169   if (!IncrementalInline) {
4170     AlwaysIncrementalInline = false;
4171   }
4172 #endif
4173   if (IncrementalInline && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxNodeLimit)) {
4174     // incremental inlining: bump MaxNodeLimit
4175     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxNodeLimit, (intx)75000);
4176   }
4177   if (!UseTypeSpeculation && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel)) {
4178     // nothing to use the profiling, turn if off
4179     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel, 0);
4180   }
4181 #endif
4182 
4183   if (PrintAssembly && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DebugNonSafepoints)) {
4184     warning("PrintAssembly is enabled; turning on DebugNonSafepoints to gain additional output");
4185     DebugNonSafepoints = true;
4186   }
4187 
4188   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CompressedClassSpaceSize) && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
4189     warning("Setting CompressedClassSpaceSize has no effect when compressed class pointers are not used");
4190   }
4191 
4192   if (UseOnStackReplacement && !UseLoopCounter) {
4193     warning("On-stack-replacement requires loop counters; enabling loop counters");
4194     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLoopCounter, true);
4195   }
4196 
4197 #ifndef PRODUCT
4198   if (CompileTheWorld) {
4199     // Force NmethodSweeper to sweep whole CodeCache each time.
4200     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NmethodSweepFraction)) {
4201       NmethodSweepFraction = 1;
4202     }
4203   }
4204 
4205   if (!LogVMOutput && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogVMOutput)) {
4206     if (use_vm_log()) {
4207       LogVMOutput = true;
4208     }
4209   }
4210 #endif // PRODUCT
4211 
4212   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
4213     CommandLineFlags::printSetFlags(tty);
4214   }
4215 
4216   // Apply CPU specific policy for the BiasedLocking
4217   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
4218     if (!VM_Version::use_biased_locking() &&
4219         !(FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseBiasedLocking))) {
4220       UseBiasedLocking = false;
4221     }
4222   }
4223 #ifdef COMPILER2
4224   if (!UseBiasedLocking || EmitSync != 0) {
4225     UseOptoBiasInlining = false;
4226   }
4227 #endif
4228 
4229   // set PauseAtExit if the gamma launcher was used and a debugger is attached
4230   // but only if not already set on the commandline
4231   if (Arguments::created_by_gamma_launcher() && os::is_debugger_attached()) {
4232     bool set = false;
4233     CommandLineFlags::wasSetOnCmdline("PauseAtExit", &set);
4234     if (!set) {
4235       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(PauseAtExit, true);
4236     }
4237   }
4238 
4239   return JNI_OK;
4240 }
4241 
4242 jint Arguments::adjust_after_os() {
4243   if (UseNUMA) {
4244     if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
4245       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes)) {
4246          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes, 64*M);
4247       }
4248     }
4249     // UseNUMAInterleaving is set to ON for all collectors and
4250     // platforms when UseNUMA is set to ON. NUMA-aware collectors
4251     // such as the parallel collector for Linux and Solaris will
4252     // interleave old gen and survivor spaces on top of NUMA
4253     // allocation policy for the eden space.
4254     // Non NUMA-aware collectors such as CMS, G1 and Serial-GC on
4255     // all platforms and ParallelGC on Windows will interleave all
4256     // of the heap spaces across NUMA nodes.
4257     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving)) {
4258       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseNUMAInterleaving, true);
4259     }
4260   }
4261   return JNI_OK;
4262 }
4263 
4264 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
4265   int count = 0;
4266   while(pl != NULL) {
4267     count++;
4268     pl = pl->next();
4269   }
4270   return count;
4271 }
4272 
4273 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
4274   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
4275   SystemProperty* prop;
4276   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4277     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
4278   }
4279   return NULL;
4280 }
4281 
4282 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_key_at(SystemProperty *pl, int index) {
4283   int count = 0;
4284   const char* ret_val = NULL;
4285 
4286   while(pl != NULL) {
4287     if(count >= index) {
4288       ret_val = pl->key();
4289       break;
4290     }
4291     count++;
4292     pl = pl->next();
4293   }
4294 
4295   return ret_val;
4296 }
4297 
4298 char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value_at(SystemProperty* pl, int index) {
4299   int count = 0;
4300   char* ret_val = NULL;
4301 
4302   while(pl != NULL) {
4303     if(count >= index) {
4304       ret_val = pl->value();
4305       break;
4306     }
4307     count++;
4308     pl = pl->next();
4309   }
4310 
4311   return ret_val;
4312 }
4313 
4314 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
4315   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
4316   if (p == NULL) {
4317     *plist = new_p;
4318   } else {
4319     while (p->next() != NULL) {
4320       p = p->next();
4321     }
4322     p->set_next(new_p);
4323   }
4324 }
4325 
4326 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v) {
4327   if (plist == NULL)
4328     return;
4329 
4330   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, true);
4331   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
4332 }
4333 
4334 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
4335 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v, jboolean append) {
4336   if (plist == NULL)
4337     return;
4338 
4339   // If property key exist then update with new value.
4340   SystemProperty* prop;
4341   for (prop = *plist; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4342     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
4343       if (append) {
4344         prop->append_value(v);
4345       } else {
4346         prop->set_value(v);
4347       }
4348       return;
4349     }
4350   }
4351 
4352   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v);
4353 }
4354 
4355 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
4356 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
4357 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
4358 // Notes:
4359 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
4360 // NULL terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
4361 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
4362 // expanded one.
4363 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
4364 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
4365                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
4366   const char* p = src;
4367   char* b = buf;
4368   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
4369   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
4370 
4371   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
4372     if (*p == '%') {
4373       switch (*(++p)) {
4374       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
4375         *b++ = *p++;
4376         break;
4377       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
4378         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
4379         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
4380         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
4381         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
4382 
4383         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
4384         // the expanded pid, returns false.
4385         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
4386           return false;
4387         } else {
4388           b += ret;
4389           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
4390           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
4391             // reach the end of the buffer.
4392             return true;
4393           }
4394         }
4395         p++;
4396         break;
4397       }
4398       default :
4399         *b++ = '%';
4400       }
4401     } else {
4402       *b++ = *p++;
4403     }
4404   }
4405   *b = '\0';
4406   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
4407 }