1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #ifndef SHARE_VM_RUNTIME_OS_HPP
  26 #define SHARE_VM_RUNTIME_OS_HPP
  27 
  28 #include "jvmtifiles/jvmti.h"
  29 #include "runtime/atomic.hpp"
  30 #include "runtime/extendedPC.hpp"
  31 #include "runtime/handles.hpp"
  32 #include "utilities/top.hpp"
  33 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_linux
  34 # include "jvm_linux.h"
  35 # include <setjmp.h>
  36 #endif
  37 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_solaris
  38 # include "jvm_solaris.h"
  39 # include <setjmp.h>
  40 #endif
  41 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_windows
  42 # include "jvm_windows.h"
  43 #endif
  44 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_aix
  45 # include "jvm_aix.h"
  46 # include <setjmp.h>
  47 #endif
  48 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_bsd
  49 # include "jvm_bsd.h"
  50 # include <setjmp.h>
  51 # ifdef __APPLE__
  52 #  include <mach/mach_time.h>
  53 # endif
  54 #endif
  55 
  56 class AgentLibrary;
  57 
  58 // os defines the interface to operating system; this includes traditional
  59 // OS services (time, I/O) as well as other functionality with system-
  60 // dependent code.
  61 
  62 typedef void (*dll_func)(...);
  63 
  64 class Thread;
  65 class JavaThread;
  66 class Event;
  67 class DLL;
  68 class FileHandle;
  69 class NativeCallStack;
  70 
  71 template<class E> class GrowableArray;
  72 
  73 // %%%%% Moved ThreadState, START_FN, OSThread to new osThread.hpp. -- Rose
  74 
  75 // Platform-independent error return values from OS functions
  76 enum OSReturn {
  77   OS_OK         =  0,        // Operation was successful
  78   OS_ERR        = -1,        // Operation failed
  79   OS_INTRPT     = -2,        // Operation was interrupted
  80   OS_TIMEOUT    = -3,        // Operation timed out
  81   OS_NOMEM      = -5,        // Operation failed for lack of memory
  82   OS_NORESOURCE = -6         // Operation failed for lack of nonmemory resource
  83 };
  84 
  85 enum ThreadPriority {        // JLS 20.20.1-3
  86   NoPriority       = -1,     // Initial non-priority value
  87   MinPriority      =  1,     // Minimum priority
  88   NormPriority     =  5,     // Normal (non-daemon) priority
  89   NearMaxPriority  =  9,     // High priority, used for VMThread
  90   MaxPriority      = 10,     // Highest priority, used for WatcherThread
  91                              // ensures that VMThread doesn't starve profiler
  92   CriticalPriority = 11      // Critical thread priority
  93 };
  94 
  95 // Executable parameter flag for os::commit_memory() and
  96 // os::commit_memory_or_exit().
  97 const bool ExecMem = true;
  98 
  99 // Typedef for structured exception handling support
 100 typedef void (*java_call_t)(JavaValue* value, methodHandle* method, JavaCallArguments* args, Thread* thread);
 101 
 102 class MallocTracker;
 103 
 104 class os: AllStatic {
 105   friend class VMStructs;
 106   friend class MallocTracker;
 107  public:
 108   enum { page_sizes_max = 9 }; // Size of _page_sizes array (8 plus a sentinel)
 109 
 110  private:
 111   static OSThread*          _starting_thread;
 112   static address            _polling_page;
 113   static volatile int32_t * _mem_serialize_page;
 114   static uintptr_t          _serialize_page_mask;
 115  public:
 116   static size_t             _page_sizes[page_sizes_max];
 117 
 118  private:
 119   static void init_page_sizes(size_t default_page_size) {
 120     _page_sizes[0] = default_page_size;
 121     _page_sizes[1] = 0; // sentinel
 122   }
 123 
 124   static char*  pd_reserve_memory(size_t bytes, char* addr = 0,
 125                                size_t alignment_hint = 0);
 126   static char*  pd_attempt_reserve_memory_at(size_t bytes, char* addr);
 127   static void   pd_split_reserved_memory(char *base, size_t size,
 128                                       size_t split, bool realloc);
 129   static bool   pd_commit_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes, bool executable);
 130   static bool   pd_commit_memory(char* addr, size_t size, size_t alignment_hint,
 131                                  bool executable);
 132   // Same as pd_commit_memory() that either succeeds or calls
 133   // vm_exit_out_of_memory() with the specified mesg.
 134   static void   pd_commit_memory_or_exit(char* addr, size_t bytes,
 135                                          bool executable, const char* mesg);
 136   static void   pd_commit_memory_or_exit(char* addr, size_t size,
 137                                          size_t alignment_hint,
 138                                          bool executable, const char* mesg);
 139   static bool   pd_uncommit_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes);
 140   static bool   pd_release_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes);
 141 
 142   static char*  pd_map_memory(int fd, const char* file_name, size_t file_offset,
 143                            char *addr, size_t bytes, bool read_only = false,
 144                            bool allow_exec = false);
 145   static char*  pd_remap_memory(int fd, const char* file_name, size_t file_offset,
 146                              char *addr, size_t bytes, bool read_only,
 147                              bool allow_exec);
 148   static bool   pd_unmap_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes);
 149   static void   pd_free_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes, size_t alignment_hint);
 150   static void   pd_realign_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes, size_t alignment_hint);
 151 
 152   static size_t page_size_for_region(size_t region_size, size_t min_pages, bool must_be_aligned);
 153 
 154   static void initialize_initial_active_processor_count();
 155 
 156   LINUX_ONLY(static void pd_init_container_support();)
 157 
 158  public:
 159   static void init(void);                      // Called before command line parsing
 160 
 161   static void init_container_support() {       // Called during command line parsing.
 162      LINUX_ONLY(pd_init_container_support();)
 163   }
 164 
 165   static void init_before_ergo(void);          // Called after command line parsing
 166                                                // before VM ergonomics processing.
 167   static jint init_2(void);                    // Called after command line parsing
 168                                                // and VM ergonomics processing
 169   static void init_globals(void) {             // Called from init_globals() in init.cpp
 170     init_globals_ext();
 171   }
 172 
 173   // File names are case-insensitive on windows only
 174   // Override me as needed
 175   static int    file_name_strcmp(const char* s1, const char* s2);
 176 
 177   // get/unset environment variable
 178   static bool getenv(const char* name, char* buffer, int len);
 179   static bool unsetenv(const char* name);
 180 
 181   static bool have_special_privileges();
 182 
 183   static jlong  javaTimeMillis();
 184   static jlong  javaTimeNanos();
 185   static void   javaTimeNanos_info(jvmtiTimerInfo *info_ptr);
 186   static void   run_periodic_checks();
 187 
 188 
 189   // Returns the elapsed time in seconds since the vm started.
 190   static double elapsedTime();
 191 
 192   // Returns real time in seconds since an arbitrary point
 193   // in the past.
 194   static bool getTimesSecs(double* process_real_time,
 195                            double* process_user_time,
 196                            double* process_system_time);
 197 
 198   // Interface to the performance counter
 199   static jlong elapsed_counter();
 200   static jlong elapsed_frequency();
 201 
 202   // The "virtual time" of a thread is the amount of time a thread has
 203   // actually run.  The first function indicates whether the OS supports
 204   // this functionality for the current thread, and if so:
 205   //   * the second enables vtime tracking (if that is required).
 206   //   * the third tells whether vtime is enabled.
 207   //   * the fourth returns the elapsed virtual time for the current
 208   //     thread.
 209   static bool supports_vtime();
 210   static bool enable_vtime();
 211   static bool vtime_enabled();
 212   static double elapsedVTime();
 213 
 214   // Return current local time in a string (YYYY-MM-DD HH:MM:SS).
 215   // It is MT safe, but not async-safe, as reading time zone
 216   // information may require a lock on some platforms.
 217   static char*      local_time_string(char *buf, size_t buflen);
 218   static struct tm* localtime_pd     (const time_t* clock, struct tm*  res);
 219   // Fill in buffer with current local time as an ISO-8601 string.
 220   // E.g., YYYY-MM-DDThh:mm:ss.mmm+zzzz.
 221   // Returns buffer, or NULL if it failed.
 222   static char* iso8601_time(char* buffer, size_t buffer_length);
 223 
 224   // Interface for detecting multiprocessor system
 225   static inline bool is_MP() {
 226     // During bootstrap if _processor_count is not yet initialized
 227     // we claim to be MP as that is safest. If any platform has a
 228     // stub generator that might be triggered in this phase and for
 229     // which being declared MP when in fact not, is a problem - then
 230     // the bootstrap routine for the stub generator needs to check
 231     // the processor count directly and leave the bootstrap routine
 232     // in place until called after initialization has ocurred.
 233     return (_processor_count != 1) || AssumeMP;
 234   }
 235   static julong available_memory();
 236   static julong physical_memory();
 237   static bool has_allocatable_memory_limit(julong* limit);
 238   static bool is_server_class_machine();
 239 
 240   // number of CPUs
 241   static int processor_count() {
 242     return _processor_count;
 243   }
 244   static void set_processor_count(int count) { _processor_count = count; }
 245 
 246   // Returns the number of CPUs this process is currently allowed to run on.
 247   // Note that on some OSes this can change dynamically.
 248   static int active_processor_count();
 249 
 250   // At startup the number of active CPUs this process is allowed to run on.
 251   // This value does not change dynamically. May be different from active_processor_count().
 252   static int initial_active_processor_count() {
 253     assert(_initial_active_processor_count > 0, "Initial active processor count not set yet.");
 254     return _initial_active_processor_count;
 255   }
 256 
 257   // Bind processes to processors.
 258   //     This is a two step procedure:
 259   //     first you generate a distribution of processes to processors,
 260   //     then you bind processes according to that distribution.
 261   // Compute a distribution for number of processes to processors.
 262   //    Stores the processor id's into the distribution array argument.
 263   //    Returns true if it worked, false if it didn't.
 264   static bool distribute_processes(uint length, uint* distribution);
 265   // Binds the current process to a processor.
 266   //    Returns true if it worked, false if it didn't.
 267   static bool bind_to_processor(uint processor_id);
 268 
 269   // Give a name to the current thread.
 270   static void set_native_thread_name(const char *name);
 271 
 272   // Interface for stack banging (predetect possible stack overflow for
 273   // exception processing)  There are guard pages, and above that shadow
 274   // pages for stack overflow checking.
 275   static bool uses_stack_guard_pages();
 276   static bool allocate_stack_guard_pages();
 277   static void bang_stack_shadow_pages();
 278   static bool stack_shadow_pages_available(Thread *thread, methodHandle method);
 279 
 280   // OS interface to Virtual Memory
 281 
 282   // Return the default page size.
 283   static int    vm_page_size();
 284 
 285   // Returns the page size to use for a region of memory.
 286   // region_size / min_pages will always be greater than or equal to the
 287   // returned value. The returned value will divide region_size.
 288   static size_t page_size_for_region_aligned(size_t region_size, size_t min_pages);
 289 
 290   // Returns the page size to use for a region of memory.
 291   // region_size / min_pages will always be greater than or equal to the
 292   // returned value. The returned value might not divide region_size.
 293   static size_t page_size_for_region_unaligned(size_t region_size, size_t min_pages);
 294 
 295   // Return the largest page size that can be used
 296   static size_t max_page_size() {
 297     // The _page_sizes array is sorted in descending order.
 298     return _page_sizes[0];
 299   }
 300 
 301   // Methods for tracing page sizes returned by the above method; enabled by
 302   // TracePageSizes.  The region_{min,max}_size parameters should be the values
 303   // passed to page_size_for_region() and page_size should be the result of that
 304   // call.  The (optional) base and size parameters should come from the
 305   // ReservedSpace base() and size() methods.
 306   static void trace_page_sizes(const char* str, const size_t* page_sizes,
 307                                int count) PRODUCT_RETURN;
 308   static void trace_page_sizes(const char* str, const size_t region_min_size,
 309                                const size_t region_max_size,
 310                                const size_t page_size,
 311                                const char* base = NULL,
 312                                const size_t size = 0) PRODUCT_RETURN;
 313 
 314   static int    vm_allocation_granularity();
 315   static char*  reserve_memory(size_t bytes, char* addr = 0,
 316                                size_t alignment_hint = 0);
 317   static char*  reserve_memory(size_t bytes, char* addr,
 318                                size_t alignment_hint, MEMFLAGS flags);
 319   static char*  reserve_memory_aligned(size_t size, size_t alignment);
 320   static char*  attempt_reserve_memory_at(size_t bytes, char* addr);
 321   static void   split_reserved_memory(char *base, size_t size,
 322                                       size_t split, bool realloc);
 323   static bool   commit_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes, bool executable);
 324   static bool   commit_memory(char* addr, size_t size, size_t alignment_hint,
 325                               bool executable);
 326   // Same as commit_memory() that either succeeds or calls
 327   // vm_exit_out_of_memory() with the specified mesg.
 328   static void   commit_memory_or_exit(char* addr, size_t bytes,
 329                                       bool executable, const char* mesg);
 330   static void   commit_memory_or_exit(char* addr, size_t size,
 331                                       size_t alignment_hint,
 332                                       bool executable, const char* mesg);
 333   static bool   uncommit_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes);
 334   static bool   release_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes);
 335 
 336   // Touch memory pages that cover the memory range from start to end (exclusive)
 337   // to make the OS back the memory range with actual memory.
 338   // Current implementation may not touch the last page if unaligned addresses
 339   // are passed.
 340   static void   pretouch_memory(char* start, char* end);
 341 
 342   enum ProtType { MEM_PROT_NONE, MEM_PROT_READ, MEM_PROT_RW, MEM_PROT_RWX };
 343   static bool   protect_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes, ProtType prot,
 344                                bool is_committed = true);
 345 
 346   static bool   guard_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes);
 347   static bool   unguard_memory(char* addr, size_t bytes);
 348   static bool   create_stack_guard_pages(char* addr, size_t bytes);
 349   static bool   pd_create_stack_guard_pages(char* addr, size_t bytes);
 350   static bool   remove_stack_guard_pages(char* addr, size_t bytes);
 351 
 352   static char*  map_memory(int fd, const char* file_name, size_t file_offset,
 353                            char *addr, size_t bytes, bool read_only = false,
 354                            bool allow_exec = false);
 355   static char*  remap_memory(int fd, const char* file_name, size_t file_offset,
 356                              char *addr, size_t bytes, bool read_only,
 357                              bool allow_exec);
 358   static bool   unmap_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes);
 359   static void   free_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes, size_t alignment_hint);
 360   static void   realign_memory(char *addr, size_t bytes, size_t alignment_hint);
 361 
 362   // NUMA-specific interface
 363   static bool   numa_has_static_binding();
 364   static bool   numa_has_group_homing();
 365   static void   numa_make_local(char *addr, size_t bytes, int lgrp_hint);
 366   static void   numa_make_global(char *addr, size_t bytes);
 367   static size_t numa_get_groups_num();
 368   static size_t numa_get_leaf_groups(int *ids, size_t size);
 369   static bool   numa_topology_changed();
 370   static int    numa_get_group_id();
 371 
 372   // Page manipulation
 373   struct page_info {
 374     size_t size;
 375     int lgrp_id;
 376   };
 377   static bool   get_page_info(char *start, page_info* info);
 378   static char*  scan_pages(char *start, char* end, page_info* page_expected, page_info* page_found);
 379 
 380   static char*  non_memory_address_word();
 381   // reserve, commit and pin the entire memory region
 382   static char*  reserve_memory_special(size_t size, size_t alignment,
 383                                        char* addr, bool executable);
 384   static bool   release_memory_special(char* addr, size_t bytes);
 385   static void   large_page_init();
 386   static size_t large_page_size();
 387   static bool   can_commit_large_page_memory();
 388   static bool   can_execute_large_page_memory();
 389 
 390   // OS interface to polling page
 391   static address get_polling_page()             { return _polling_page; }
 392   static void    set_polling_page(address page) { _polling_page = page; }
 393   static bool    is_poll_address(address addr)  { return addr >= _polling_page && addr < (_polling_page + os::vm_page_size()); }
 394   static void    make_polling_page_unreadable();
 395   static void    make_polling_page_readable();
 396 
 397   // Routines used to serialize the thread state without using membars
 398   static void    serialize_thread_states();
 399 
 400   // Since we write to the serialize page from every thread, we
 401   // want stores to be on unique cache lines whenever possible
 402   // in order to minimize CPU cross talk.  We pre-compute the
 403   // amount to shift the thread* to make this offset unique to
 404   // each thread.
 405   static int     get_serialize_page_shift_count() {
 406     return SerializePageShiftCount;
 407   }
 408 
 409   static void     set_serialize_page_mask(uintptr_t mask) {
 410     _serialize_page_mask = mask;
 411   }
 412 
 413   static unsigned int  get_serialize_page_mask() {
 414     return _serialize_page_mask;
 415   }
 416 
 417   static void    set_memory_serialize_page(address page);
 418 
 419   static address get_memory_serialize_page() {
 420     return (address)_mem_serialize_page;
 421   }
 422 
 423   static inline void write_memory_serialize_page(JavaThread *thread) {
 424     uintptr_t page_offset = ((uintptr_t)thread >>
 425                             get_serialize_page_shift_count()) &
 426                             get_serialize_page_mask();
 427     *(volatile int32_t *)((uintptr_t)_mem_serialize_page+page_offset) = 1;
 428   }
 429 
 430   static bool    is_memory_serialize_page(JavaThread *thread, address addr) {
 431     if (UseMembar) return false;
 432     // Previously this function calculated the exact address of this
 433     // thread's serialize page, and checked if the faulting address
 434     // was equal.  However, some platforms mask off faulting addresses
 435     // to the page size, so now we just check that the address is
 436     // within the page.  This makes the thread argument unnecessary,
 437     // but we retain the NULL check to preserve existing behaviour.
 438     if (thread == NULL) return false;
 439     address page = (address) _mem_serialize_page;
 440     return addr >= page && addr < (page + os::vm_page_size());
 441   }
 442 
 443   static void block_on_serialize_page_trap();
 444 
 445   // threads
 446 
 447   enum ThreadType {
 448     vm_thread,
 449     cgc_thread,        // Concurrent GC thread
 450     pgc_thread,        // Parallel GC thread
 451     java_thread,
 452     compiler_thread,
 453     watcher_thread,
 454     os_thread
 455   };
 456 
 457   static bool create_thread(Thread* thread,
 458                             ThreadType thr_type,
 459                             size_t stack_size = 0);
 460 
 461   // The "main thread", also known as "starting thread", is the thread
 462   // that loads/creates the JVM via JNI_CreateJavaVM.
 463   static bool create_main_thread(JavaThread* thread);
 464 
 465   // The primordial thread is the initial process thread. The java
 466   // launcher never uses the primordial thread as the main thread, but
 467   // applications that host the JVM directly may do so. Some platforms
 468   // need special-case handling of the primordial thread if it attaches
 469   // to the VM.
 470   static bool is_primordial_thread(void)
 471 #if defined(_WINDOWS) || defined(BSD)
 472     // No way to identify the primordial thread.
 473     { return false; }
 474 #else
 475   ;
 476 #endif
 477 
 478   static bool create_attached_thread(JavaThread* thread);
 479   static void pd_start_thread(Thread* thread);
 480   static void start_thread(Thread* thread);
 481 
 482   static void initialize_thread(Thread* thr);
 483   static void free_thread(OSThread* osthread);
 484 
 485   // thread id on Linux/64bit is 64bit, on Windows and Solaris, it's 32bit
 486   static intx current_thread_id();
 487   static int current_process_id();
 488   static int sleep(Thread* thread, jlong ms, bool interruptable);
 489   // Short standalone OS sleep suitable for slow path spin loop.
 490   // Ignores Thread.interrupt() (so keep it short).
 491   // ms = 0, will sleep for the least amount of time allowed by the OS.
 492   static void naked_short_sleep(jlong ms);
 493   static void infinite_sleep(); // never returns, use with CAUTION
 494   static void yield();        // Yields to all threads with same priority
 495   enum YieldResult {
 496     YIELD_SWITCHED = 1,         // caller descheduled, other ready threads exist & ran
 497     YIELD_NONEREADY = 0,        // No other runnable/ready threads.
 498                                 // platform-specific yield return immediately
 499     YIELD_UNKNOWN = -1          // Unknown: platform doesn't support _SWITCHED or _NONEREADY
 500     // YIELD_SWITCHED and YIELD_NONREADY imply the platform supports a "strong"
 501     // yield that can be used in lieu of blocking.
 502   } ;
 503   static YieldResult NakedYield () ;
 504   static void yield_all(int attempts = 0); // Yields to all other threads including lower priority
 505   static void loop_breaker(int attempts);  // called from within tight loops to possibly influence time-sharing
 506   static OSReturn set_priority(Thread* thread, ThreadPriority priority);
 507   static OSReturn get_priority(const Thread* const thread, ThreadPriority& priority);
 508 
 509   static void interrupt(Thread* thread);
 510   static bool is_interrupted(Thread* thread, bool clear_interrupted);
 511 
 512   static int pd_self_suspend_thread(Thread* thread);
 513 
 514   static ExtendedPC fetch_frame_from_context(void* ucVoid, intptr_t** sp, intptr_t** fp);
 515   static frame      fetch_frame_from_context(void* ucVoid);
 516 
 517   static ExtendedPC get_thread_pc(Thread *thread);
 518   static void breakpoint();
 519 
 520   static address current_stack_pointer();
 521   static address current_stack_base();
 522   static size_t current_stack_size();
 523 
 524   static void verify_stack_alignment() PRODUCT_RETURN;
 525 
 526   static int message_box(const char* title, const char* message);
 527   static char* do_you_want_to_debug(const char* message);
 528 
 529   // run cmd in a separate process and return its exit code; or -1 on failures
 530   static int fork_and_exec(char *cmd);
 531 
 532   // os::exit() is merged with vm_exit()
 533   // static void exit(int num);
 534 
 535   // Terminate the VM, but don't exit the process
 536   static void shutdown();
 537 
 538   // Terminate with an error.  Default is to generate a core file on platforms
 539   // that support such things.  This calls shutdown() and then aborts.
 540   static void abort(bool dump_core = true);
 541 
 542   // Die immediately, no exit hook, no abort hook, no cleanup.
 543   static void die();
 544 
 545   // File i/o operations
 546   static const int default_file_open_flags();
 547   static int open(const char *path, int oflag, int mode);
 548   static FILE* open(int fd, const char* mode);
 549   static int close(int fd);
 550   static jlong lseek(int fd, jlong offset, int whence);
 551   static char* native_path(char *path);
 552   static int ftruncate(int fd, jlong length);
 553   static int fsync(int fd);
 554   static int available(int fd, jlong *bytes);
 555 
 556   //File i/o operations
 557 
 558   static size_t read(int fd, void *buf, unsigned int nBytes);
 559   static size_t read_at(int fd, void *buf, unsigned int nBytes, jlong offset);
 560   static size_t restartable_read(int fd, void *buf, unsigned int nBytes);
 561   static size_t write(int fd, const void *buf, unsigned int nBytes);
 562 
 563   // Reading directories.
 564   static DIR*           opendir(const char* dirname);
 565   static int            readdir_buf_size(const char *path);
 566   static struct dirent* readdir(DIR* dirp, dirent* dbuf);
 567   static int            closedir(DIR* dirp);
 568 
 569   // Dynamic library extension
 570   static const char*    dll_file_extension();
 571 
 572   static const char*    get_temp_directory();
 573   static const char*    get_current_directory(char *buf, size_t buflen);
 574 
 575   // Builds a platform-specific full library path given a ld path and lib name
 576   // Returns true if buffer contains full path to existing file, false otherwise
 577   static bool           dll_build_name(char* buffer, size_t size,
 578                                        const char* pathname, const char* fname);
 579 
 580   // Symbol lookup, find nearest function name; basically it implements
 581   // dladdr() for all platforms. Name of the nearest function is copied
 582   // to buf. Distance from its base address is optionally returned as offset.
 583   // If function name is not found, buf[0] is set to '\0' and offset is
 584   // set to -1 (if offset is non-NULL).
 585   static bool dll_address_to_function_name(address addr, char* buf,
 586                                            int buflen, int* offset);
 587 
 588   // Locate DLL/DSO. On success, full path of the library is copied to
 589   // buf, and offset is optionally set to be the distance between addr
 590   // and the library's base address. On failure, buf[0] is set to '\0'
 591   // and offset is set to -1 (if offset is non-NULL).
 592   static bool dll_address_to_library_name(address addr, char* buf,
 593                                           int buflen, int* offset);
 594 
 595   // Find out whether the pc is in the static code for jvm.dll/libjvm.so.
 596   static bool address_is_in_vm(address addr);
 597 
 598   // Loads .dll/.so and
 599   // in case of error it checks if .dll/.so was built for the
 600   // same architecture as Hotspot is running on
 601   static void* dll_load(const char *name, char *ebuf, int ebuflen);
 602 
 603   // lookup symbol in a shared library
 604   static void* dll_lookup(void* handle, const char* name);
 605 
 606   // Unload library
 607   static void  dll_unload(void *lib);
 608 
 609   // Callback for loaded module information
 610   // Input parameters:
 611   //    char*     module_file_name,
 612   //    address   module_base_addr,
 613   //    address   module_top_addr,
 614   //    void*     param
 615   typedef int (*LoadedModulesCallbackFunc)(const char *, address, address, void *);
 616 
 617   static int get_loaded_modules_info(LoadedModulesCallbackFunc callback, void *param);
 618 
 619   // Return the handle of this process
 620   static void* get_default_process_handle();
 621 
 622   // Check for static linked agent library
 623   static bool find_builtin_agent(AgentLibrary *agent_lib, const char *syms[],
 624                                  size_t syms_len);
 625 
 626   // Find agent entry point
 627   static void *find_agent_function(AgentLibrary *agent_lib, bool check_lib,
 628                                    const char *syms[], size_t syms_len);
 629 
 630   // Print out system information; they are called by fatal error handler.
 631   // Output format may be different on different platforms.
 632   static void print_os_info(outputStream* st);
 633   static void print_os_info_brief(outputStream* st);
 634   static void print_cpu_info(outputStream* st);
 635   static void pd_print_cpu_info(outputStream* st);
 636   static void print_memory_info(outputStream* st);
 637   static void print_dll_info(outputStream* st);
 638   static void print_environment_variables(outputStream* st, const char** env_list, char* buffer, int len);
 639   static void print_context(outputStream* st, void* context);
 640   static void print_register_info(outputStream* st, void* context);
 641   static void print_siginfo(outputStream* st, void* siginfo);
 642   static void print_signal_handlers(outputStream* st, char* buf, size_t buflen);
 643   static void print_date_and_time(outputStream* st, char* buf, size_t buflen);
 644 
 645   static void print_location(outputStream* st, intptr_t x, bool verbose = false);
 646   static size_t lasterror(char *buf, size_t len);
 647   static int get_last_error();
 648 
 649   // Determines whether the calling process is being debugged by a user-mode debugger.
 650   static bool is_debugger_attached();
 651 
 652   // wait for a key press if PauseAtExit is set
 653   static void wait_for_keypress_at_exit(void);
 654 
 655   // The following two functions are used by fatal error handler to trace
 656   // native (C) frames. They are not part of frame.hpp/frame.cpp because
 657   // frame.hpp/cpp assume thread is JavaThread, and also because different
 658   // OS/compiler may have different convention or provide different API to
 659   // walk C frames.
 660   //
 661   // We don't attempt to become a debugger, so we only follow frames if that
 662   // does not require a lookup in the unwind table, which is part of the binary
 663   // file but may be unsafe to read after a fatal error. So on x86, we can
 664   // only walk stack if %ebp is used as frame pointer; on ia64, it's not
 665   // possible to walk C stack without having the unwind table.
 666   static bool is_first_C_frame(frame *fr);
 667   static frame get_sender_for_C_frame(frame *fr);
 668 
 669   // return current frame. pc() and sp() are set to NULL on failure.
 670   static frame      current_frame();
 671 
 672   static void print_hex_dump(outputStream* st, address start, address end, int unitsize);
 673 
 674   // returns a string to describe the exception/signal;
 675   // returns NULL if exception_code is not an OS exception/signal.
 676   static const char* exception_name(int exception_code, char* buf, size_t buflen);
 677 
 678   // Returns native Java library, loads if necessary
 679   static void*    native_java_library();
 680 
 681   // Fills in path to jvm.dll/libjvm.so (used by the Disassembler)
 682   static void     jvm_path(char *buf, jint buflen);
 683 
 684   // Returns true if we are running in a headless jre.
 685   static bool     is_headless_jre();
 686 
 687   // JNI names
 688   static void     print_jni_name_prefix_on(outputStream* st, int args_size);
 689   static void     print_jni_name_suffix_on(outputStream* st, int args_size);
 690 
 691   // File conventions
 692   static const char* file_separator();
 693   static const char* line_separator();
 694   static const char* path_separator();
 695 
 696   // Init os specific system properties values
 697   static void init_system_properties_values();
 698 
 699   // IO operations, non-JVM_ version.
 700   static int stat(const char* path, struct stat* sbuf);
 701   static bool dir_is_empty(const char* path);
 702 
 703   // IO operations on binary files
 704   static int create_binary_file(const char* path, bool rewrite_existing);
 705   static jlong current_file_offset(int fd);
 706   static jlong seek_to_file_offset(int fd, jlong offset);
 707 
 708   // Thread Local Storage
 709   static int   allocate_thread_local_storage();
 710   static void  thread_local_storage_at_put(int index, void* value);
 711   static void* thread_local_storage_at(int index);
 712   static void  free_thread_local_storage(int index);
 713 
 714   // Retrieve native stack frames.
 715   // Parameter:
 716   //   stack:  an array to storage stack pointers.
 717   //   frames: size of above array.
 718   //   toSkip: number of stack frames to skip at the beginning.
 719   // Return: number of stack frames captured.
 720   static int get_native_stack(address* stack, int size, int toSkip = 0);
 721 
 722   // General allocation (must be MT-safe)
 723   static void* malloc  (size_t size, MEMFLAGS flags, const NativeCallStack& stack);
 724   static void* malloc  (size_t size, MEMFLAGS flags);
 725   static void* realloc (void *memblock, size_t size, MEMFLAGS flag, const NativeCallStack& stack);
 726   static void* realloc (void *memblock, size_t size, MEMFLAGS flag);
 727 
 728   static void  free    (void *memblock, MEMFLAGS flags = mtNone);
 729   static bool  check_heap(bool force = false);      // verify C heap integrity
 730   static char* strdup(const char *, MEMFLAGS flags = mtInternal);  // Like strdup
 731 
 732 #ifndef PRODUCT
 733   static julong num_mallocs;         // # of calls to malloc/realloc
 734   static julong alloc_bytes;         // # of bytes allocated
 735   static julong num_frees;           // # of calls to free
 736   static julong free_bytes;          // # of bytes freed
 737 #endif
 738 
 739   // SocketInterface (ex HPI SocketInterface )
 740   static int socket(int domain, int type, int protocol);
 741   static int socket_close(int fd);
 742   static int socket_shutdown(int fd, int howto);
 743   static int recv(int fd, char* buf, size_t nBytes, uint flags);
 744   static int send(int fd, char* buf, size_t nBytes, uint flags);
 745   static int raw_send(int fd, char* buf, size_t nBytes, uint flags);
 746   static int timeout(int fd, long timeout);
 747   static int listen(int fd, int count);
 748   static int connect(int fd, struct sockaddr* him, socklen_t len);
 749   static int bind(int fd, struct sockaddr* him, socklen_t len);
 750   static int accept(int fd, struct sockaddr* him, socklen_t* len);
 751   static int recvfrom(int fd, char* buf, size_t nbytes, uint flags,
 752                       struct sockaddr* from, socklen_t* fromlen);
 753   static int get_sock_name(int fd, struct sockaddr* him, socklen_t* len);
 754   static int sendto(int fd, char* buf, size_t len, uint flags,
 755                     struct sockaddr* to, socklen_t tolen);
 756   static int socket_available(int fd, jint* pbytes);
 757 
 758   static int get_sock_opt(int fd, int level, int optname,
 759                           char* optval, socklen_t* optlen);
 760   static int set_sock_opt(int fd, int level, int optname,
 761                           const char* optval, socklen_t optlen);
 762   static int get_host_name(char* name, int namelen);
 763 
 764   static struct hostent* get_host_by_name(char* name);
 765 
 766   // Support for signals (see JVM_RaiseSignal, JVM_RegisterSignal)
 767   static void  signal_init();
 768   static void  signal_init_pd();
 769   static void  signal_notify(int signal_number);
 770   static void* signal(int signal_number, void* handler);
 771   static void  signal_raise(int signal_number);
 772   static int   signal_wait();
 773   static int   signal_lookup();
 774   static void* user_handler();
 775   static void  terminate_signal_thread();
 776   static int   sigexitnum_pd();
 777 
 778   // random number generation
 779   static long random();                    // return 32bit pseudorandom number
 780   static void init_random(long initval);   // initialize random sequence
 781 
 782   // Structured OS Exception support
 783   static void os_exception_wrapper(java_call_t f, JavaValue* value, methodHandle* method, JavaCallArguments* args, Thread* thread);
 784 
 785   // On Windows this will create an actual minidump, on Linux/Solaris it will simply check core dump limits
 786   static void check_or_create_dump(void* exceptionRecord, void* contextRecord, char* buffer, size_t bufferSize);
 787 
 788   // Get the default path to the core file
 789   // Returns the length of the string
 790   static int get_core_path(char* buffer, size_t bufferSize);
 791 
 792   // JVMTI & JVM monitoring and management support
 793   // The thread_cpu_time() and current_thread_cpu_time() are only
 794   // supported if is_thread_cpu_time_supported() returns true.
 795   // They are not supported on Solaris T1.
 796 
 797   // Thread CPU Time - return the fast estimate on a platform
 798   // On Solaris - call gethrvtime (fast) - user time only
 799   // On Linux   - fast clock_gettime where available - user+sys
 800   //            - otherwise: very slow /proc fs - user+sys
 801   // On Windows - GetThreadTimes - user+sys
 802   static jlong current_thread_cpu_time();
 803   static jlong thread_cpu_time(Thread* t);
 804 
 805   // Thread CPU Time with user_sys_cpu_time parameter.
 806   //
 807   // If user_sys_cpu_time is true, user+sys time is returned.
 808   // Otherwise, only user time is returned
 809   static jlong current_thread_cpu_time(bool user_sys_cpu_time);
 810   static jlong thread_cpu_time(Thread* t, bool user_sys_cpu_time);
 811 
 812   // Return a bunch of info about the timers.
 813   // Note that the returned info for these two functions may be different
 814   // on some platforms
 815   static void current_thread_cpu_time_info(jvmtiTimerInfo *info_ptr);
 816   static void thread_cpu_time_info(jvmtiTimerInfo *info_ptr);
 817 
 818   static bool is_thread_cpu_time_supported();
 819 
 820   // System loadavg support.  Returns -1 if load average cannot be obtained.
 821   static int loadavg(double loadavg[], int nelem);
 822 
 823   // Hook for os specific jvm options that we don't want to abort on seeing
 824   static bool obsolete_option(const JavaVMOption *option);
 825 
 826   // Extensions
 827 #include "runtime/os_ext.hpp"
 828 
 829  public:
 830   class CrashProtectionCallback : public StackObj {
 831   public:
 832     virtual void call() = 0;
 833   };
 834 
 835   // Platform dependent stuff
 836 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_linux
 837 # include "os_linux.hpp"
 838 # include "os_posix.hpp"
 839 #endif
 840 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_solaris
 841 # include "os_solaris.hpp"
 842 # include "os_posix.hpp"
 843 #endif
 844 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_windows
 845 # include "os_windows.hpp"
 846 #endif
 847 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_aix
 848 # include "os_aix.hpp"
 849 # include "os_posix.hpp"
 850 #endif
 851 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_bsd
 852 # include "os_posix.hpp"
 853 # include "os_bsd.hpp"
 854 #endif
 855 #ifdef TARGET_OS_ARCH_linux_x86
 856 # include "os_linux_x86.hpp"
 857 #endif
 858 #ifdef TARGET_OS_ARCH_linux_sparc
 859 # include "os_linux_sparc.hpp"
 860 #endif
 861 #ifdef TARGET_OS_ARCH_linux_zero
 862 # include "os_linux_zero.hpp"
 863 #endif
 864 #ifdef TARGET_OS_ARCH_solaris_x86
 865 # include "os_solaris_x86.hpp"
 866 #endif
 867 #ifdef TARGET_OS_ARCH_solaris_sparc
 868 # include "os_solaris_sparc.hpp"
 869 #endif
 870 #ifdef TARGET_OS_ARCH_windows_x86
 871 # include "os_windows_x86.hpp"
 872 #endif
 873 #ifdef TARGET_OS_ARCH_linux_arm
 874 # include "os_linux_arm.hpp"
 875 #endif
 876 #ifdef TARGET_OS_ARCH_linux_ppc
 877 # include "os_linux_ppc.hpp"
 878 #endif
 879 #ifdef TARGET_OS_ARCH_aix_ppc
 880 # include "os_aix_ppc.hpp"
 881 #endif
 882 #ifdef TARGET_OS_ARCH_bsd_x86
 883 # include "os_bsd_x86.hpp"
 884 #endif
 885 #ifdef TARGET_OS_ARCH_bsd_zero
 886 # include "os_bsd_zero.hpp"
 887 #endif
 888 
 889  public:
 890 #ifndef PLATFORM_PRINT_NATIVE_STACK
 891   // No platform-specific code for printing the native stack.
 892   static bool platform_print_native_stack(outputStream* st, void* context,
 893                                           char *buf, int buf_size) {
 894     return false;
 895   }
 896 #endif
 897 
 898   // debugging support (mostly used by debug.cpp but also fatal error handler)
 899   static bool find(address pc, outputStream* st = tty); // OS specific function to make sense out of an address
 900 
 901   static bool dont_yield();                     // when true, JVM_Yield() is nop
 902   static void print_statistics();
 903 
 904   // Thread priority helpers (implemented in OS-specific part)
 905   static OSReturn set_native_priority(Thread* thread, int native_prio);
 906   static OSReturn get_native_priority(const Thread* const thread, int* priority_ptr);
 907   static int java_to_os_priority[CriticalPriority + 1];
 908   // Hint to the underlying OS that a task switch would not be good.
 909   // Void return because it's a hint and can fail.
 910   static void hint_no_preempt();
 911 
 912   // Used at creation if requested by the diagnostic flag PauseAtStartup.
 913   // Causes the VM to wait until an external stimulus has been applied
 914   // (for Unix, that stimulus is a signal, for Windows, an external
 915   // ResumeThread call)
 916   static void pause();
 917 
 918   // Builds a platform dependent Agent_OnLoad_<libname> function name
 919   // which is used to find statically linked in agents.
 920   static char*  build_agent_function_name(const char *sym, const char *cname,
 921                                           bool is_absolute_path);
 922 
 923   class SuspendedThreadTaskContext {
 924   public:
 925     SuspendedThreadTaskContext(Thread* thread, void *ucontext) : _thread(thread), _ucontext(ucontext) {}
 926     Thread* thread() const { return _thread; }
 927     void* ucontext() const { return _ucontext; }
 928   private:
 929     Thread* _thread;
 930     void* _ucontext;
 931   };
 932 
 933   class SuspendedThreadTask {
 934   public:
 935     SuspendedThreadTask(Thread* thread) : _thread(thread), _done(false) {}
 936     virtual ~SuspendedThreadTask() {}
 937     void run();
 938     bool is_done() { return _done; }
 939     virtual void do_task(const SuspendedThreadTaskContext& context) = 0;
 940   protected:
 941   private:
 942     void internal_do_task();
 943     Thread* _thread;
 944     bool _done;
 945   };
 946 
 947 #ifndef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_windows
 948   // Suspend/resume support
 949   // Protocol:
 950   //
 951   // a thread starts in SR_RUNNING
 952   //
 953   // SR_RUNNING can go to
 954   //   * SR_SUSPEND_REQUEST when the WatcherThread wants to suspend it
 955   // SR_SUSPEND_REQUEST can go to
 956   //   * SR_RUNNING if WatcherThread decides it waited for SR_SUSPENDED too long (timeout)
 957   //   * SR_SUSPENDED if the stopped thread receives the signal and switches state
 958   // SR_SUSPENDED can go to
 959   //   * SR_WAKEUP_REQUEST when the WatcherThread has done the work and wants to resume
 960   // SR_WAKEUP_REQUEST can go to
 961   //   * SR_RUNNING when the stopped thread receives the signal
 962   //   * SR_WAKEUP_REQUEST on timeout (resend the signal and try again)
 963   class SuspendResume {
 964    public:
 965     enum State {
 966       SR_RUNNING,
 967       SR_SUSPEND_REQUEST,
 968       SR_SUSPENDED,
 969       SR_WAKEUP_REQUEST
 970     };
 971 
 972   private:
 973     volatile State _state;
 974 
 975   private:
 976     /* try to switch state from state "from" to state "to"
 977      * returns the state set after the method is complete
 978      */
 979     State switch_state(State from, State to);
 980 
 981   public:
 982     SuspendResume() : _state(SR_RUNNING) { }
 983 
 984     State state() const { return _state; }
 985 
 986     State request_suspend() {
 987       return switch_state(SR_RUNNING, SR_SUSPEND_REQUEST);
 988     }
 989 
 990     State cancel_suspend() {
 991       return switch_state(SR_SUSPEND_REQUEST, SR_RUNNING);
 992     }
 993 
 994     State suspended() {
 995       return switch_state(SR_SUSPEND_REQUEST, SR_SUSPENDED);
 996     }
 997 
 998     State request_wakeup() {
 999       return switch_state(SR_SUSPENDED, SR_WAKEUP_REQUEST);
1000     }
1001 
1002     State running() {
1003       return switch_state(SR_WAKEUP_REQUEST, SR_RUNNING);
1004     }
1005 
1006     bool is_running() const {
1007       return _state == SR_RUNNING;
1008     }
1009 
1010     bool is_suspend_request() const {
1011       return _state == SR_SUSPEND_REQUEST;
1012     }
1013 
1014     bool is_suspended() const {
1015       return _state == SR_SUSPENDED;
1016     }
1017   };
1018 #endif
1019 
1020 
1021  protected:
1022   static long _rand_seed;                     // seed for random number generator
1023   static int _processor_count;                // number of processors
1024   static int _initial_active_processor_count; // number of active processors during initialization.
1025 
1026   static char* format_boot_path(const char* format_string,
1027                                 const char* home,
1028                                 int home_len,
1029                                 char fileSep,
1030                                 char pathSep);
1031   static bool set_boot_path(char fileSep, char pathSep);
1032   static char** split_path(const char* path, int* n);
1033 
1034 };
1035 
1036 // Note that "PAUSE" is almost always used with synchronization
1037 // so arguably we should provide Atomic::SpinPause() instead
1038 // of the global SpinPause() with C linkage.
1039 // It'd also be eligible for inlining on many platforms.
1040 
1041 extern "C" int SpinPause();
1042 
1043 #endif // SHARE_VM_RUNTIME_OS_HPP