1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2016, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * Copyright (c) 2016 SAP SE. All rights reserved.
   4  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   5  *
   6  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   7  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   8  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   9  *
  10  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  11  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  12  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  13  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  14  * accompanied this code).
  15  *
  16  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  17  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  18  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  19  *
  20  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  21  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  22  * questions.
  23  *
  24  */
  25 
  26 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  27 #include "asm/assembler.inline.hpp"
  28 #include "compiler/disassembler.hpp"
  29 #include "code/compiledIC.hpp"
  30 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  31 #include "prims/jvm.h"
  32 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  33 #include "runtime/stubCodeGenerator.hpp"
  34 #include "vm_version_s390.hpp"
  35 
  36 # include <sys/sysinfo.h>
  37 
  38 bool VM_Version::_is_determine_features_test_running  = false;
  39 
  40 unsigned long VM_Version::_features[_features_buffer_len]           = {0, 0, 0, 0};
  41 unsigned long VM_Version::_cipher_features[_features_buffer_len]    = {0, 0, 0, 0};
  42 unsigned long VM_Version::_msgdigest_features[_features_buffer_len] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
  43 unsigned int  VM_Version::_nfeatures                                = 0;
  44 unsigned int  VM_Version::_ncipher_features                         = 0;
  45 unsigned int  VM_Version::_nmsgdigest_features                      = 0;
  46 unsigned int  VM_Version::_Dcache_lineSize                          = 256;
  47 unsigned int  VM_Version::_Icache_lineSize                          = 256;
  48 
  49 static const char* z_gen[]     = {"  ",   "G1",   "G2", "G3",    "G4",     "G5",      "G6",   "G7"   };
  50 static const char* z_machine[] = {"  ", "2064", "2084", "2094",  "2097",   "2817",    "  ",   "2964" };
  51 static const char* z_name[]    = {"  ", "z900", "z990", "z9 EC", "z10 EC", "z196 EC", "ec12", "z13"  };
  52 
  53 void VM_Version::initialize() {
  54   determine_features();      // Get processor capabilities.
  55   set_features_string();     // Set a descriptive feature indication.
  56 
  57   if (Verbose) {
  58     print_features();
  59   }
  60 
  61   intx cache_line_size = Dcache_lineSize(0);
  62 
  63   MaxVectorSize = 8;
  64 
  65   if (has_PrefetchRaw()) {
  66     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStyle)) {  // not preset
  67       // 0 = no prefetch.
  68       // 1 = Prefetch instructions for each allocation.
  69       // 2 = Use TLAB watermark to gate allocation prefetch.
  70       AllocatePrefetchStyle = 1;
  71     }
  72 
  73     if (AllocatePrefetchStyle > 0) {  // Prefetching turned on at all?
  74       // Distance to prefetch ahead of allocation pointer.
  75       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchDistance) || (AllocatePrefetchDistance < 0)) {  // not preset
  76         AllocatePrefetchDistance = 0;
  77       }
  78 
  79       // Number of lines to prefetch ahead of allocation pointer.
  80       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchLines) || (AllocatePrefetchLines <= 0)) {      // not preset
  81         AllocatePrefetchLines = 3;
  82       }
  83 
  84       // Step size in bytes of sequential prefetch instructions.
  85       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStepSize) || (AllocatePrefetchStepSize <= 0)) { // not preset
  86         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStepSize, cache_line_size);
  87       } else if (AllocatePrefetchStepSize < cache_line_size) {
  88         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStepSize, cache_line_size);
  89       } else {
  90         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStepSize, cache_line_size);
  91       }
  92     } else {
  93       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStyle, 0);
  94       AllocatePrefetchDistance = 0;
  95       AllocatePrefetchLines    = 0;
  96       // Can't be zero. Will SIGFPE during constraints checking.
  97       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStepSize, cache_line_size);
  98     }
  99 
 100   } else {
 101     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStyle, 0);
 102     AllocatePrefetchDistance = 0;
 103     AllocatePrefetchLines    = 0;
 104     // Can't be zero. Will SIGFPE during constraints checking.
 105     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AllocatePrefetchStepSize, cache_line_size);
 106   }
 107 
 108   // TODO:
 109   // On z/Architecture, cache line size is significantly large (256 bytes). Do we really need
 110   // to keep contended members that far apart? Performance tests are required.
 111   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ContendedPaddingWidth) && (cache_line_size > ContendedPaddingWidth)) {
 112     ContendedPaddingWidth = cache_line_size;
 113   }
 114 
 115   // On z/Architecture, the CRC32/CRC32C intrinsics are implemented "by hand".
 116   // TODO: Provide implementation based on the vector instructions available from z13.
 117   // Note: The CHECKSUM instruction, which has been there since the very beginning
 118   //       (of z/Architecture), computes "some kind of" a checksum.
 119   //       It has nothing to do with the CRC32 algorithm.
 120   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCRC32Intrinsics)) {
 121     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCRC32Intrinsics, true);
 122   }
 123   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCRC32CIntrinsics)) {
 124     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCRC32CIntrinsics, true);
 125   }
 126 
 127   // TODO: Provide implementation.
 128   if (UseAdler32Intrinsics) {
 129     warning("Adler32Intrinsics not available on this CPU.");
 130     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAdler32Intrinsics, false);
 131   }
 132 
 133   // On z/Architecture, we take UseAES as the general switch to enable/disable the AES intrinsics.
 134   // The specific, and yet to be defined, switches UseAESxxxIntrinsics will then be set
 135   // depending on the actual machine capabilities.
 136   // Explicitly setting them via CmdLine option takes precedence, of course.
 137   // TODO: UseAESIntrinsics must be made keylength specific.
 138   // As of March 2015 and Java8, only AES128 is supported by the Java Cryptographic Extensions.
 139   // Therefore, UseAESIntrinsics is of minimal use at the moment.
 140   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseAES) && has_Crypto_AES()) {
 141     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAES, true);
 142   }
 143   if (UseAES && !has_Crypto_AES()) {
 144     warning("AES instructions are not available on this CPU");
 145     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAES, false);
 146   }
 147   if (UseAES) {
 148     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseAESIntrinsics)) {
 149       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAESIntrinsics, true);
 150     }
 151   }
 152   if (UseAESIntrinsics && !has_Crypto_AES()) {
 153     warning("AES intrinsics are not available on this CPU");
 154     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAESIntrinsics, false);
 155   }
 156 
 157   // TODO: implement AES/CTR intrinsics
 158   if (UseAESCTRIntrinsics) {
 159     warning("AES/CTR intrinsics are not available on this CPU");
 160     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAESCTRIntrinsics, false);
 161   }
 162 
 163   // TODO: implement GHASH intrinsics
 164   if (UseGHASHIntrinsics) {
 165     warning("GHASH intrinsics are not available on this CPU");
 166     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseGHASHIntrinsics, false);
 167   }
 168 
 169   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseFMA)) {
 170     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseFMA, true);
 171   }
 172 
 173   // On z/Architecture, we take UseSHA as the general switch to enable/disable the SHA intrinsics.
 174   // The specific switches UseSHAxxxIntrinsics will then be set depending on the actual
 175   // machine capabilities.
 176   // Explicitly setting them via CmdLine option takes precedence, of course.
 177   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSHA) && has_Crypto_SHA()) {
 178     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA, true);
 179   }
 180   if (UseSHA && !has_Crypto_SHA()) {
 181     warning("SHA instructions are not available on this CPU");
 182     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA, false);
 183   }
 184   if (UseSHA && has_Crypto_SHA1()) {
 185     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSHA1Intrinsics)) {
 186       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA1Intrinsics, true);
 187     }
 188   } else if (UseSHA1Intrinsics) {
 189     warning("Intrinsics for SHA-1 crypto hash functions not available on this CPU.");
 190     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA1Intrinsics, false);
 191   }
 192   if (UseSHA && has_Crypto_SHA256()) {
 193     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSHA256Intrinsics)) {
 194       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA256Intrinsics, true);
 195     }
 196   } else if (UseSHA256Intrinsics) {
 197     warning("Intrinsics for SHA-224 and SHA-256 crypto hash functions not available on this CPU.");
 198     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA256Intrinsics, false);
 199   }
 200   if (UseSHA && has_Crypto_SHA512()) {
 201     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSHA512Intrinsics)) {
 202       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA512Intrinsics, true);
 203     }
 204   } else if (UseSHA512Intrinsics) {
 205     warning("Intrinsics for SHA-384 and SHA-512 crypto hash functions not available on this CPU.");
 206     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSHA512Intrinsics, false);
 207   }
 208 
 209   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseMultiplyToLenIntrinsic)) {
 210     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseMultiplyToLenIntrinsic, true);
 211   }
 212   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseMontgomeryMultiplyIntrinsic)) {
 213     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseMontgomeryMultiplyIntrinsic, true);
 214   }
 215   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseMontgomerySquareIntrinsic)) {
 216     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseMontgomerySquareIntrinsic, true);
 217   }
 218   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UsePopCountInstruction)) {
 219     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UsePopCountInstruction, true);
 220   }
 221 
 222   // z/Architecture supports 8-byte compare-exchange operations
 223   // (see Atomic::cmpxchg and StubGenerator::generate_atomic_cmpxchg_ptr)
 224   // and 'atomic long memory ops' (see Unsafe_GetLongVolatile).
 225   _supports_cx8 = true;
 226 
 227   _supports_atomic_getadd4 = VM_Version::has_LoadAndALUAtomicV1();
 228   _supports_atomic_getadd8 = VM_Version::has_LoadAndALUAtomicV1();
 229 
 230   // z/Architecture supports unaligned memory accesses.
 231   // Performance penalty is negligible. An additional tick or so
 232   // is lost if the accessed data spans a cache line boundary.
 233   // Unaligned accesses are not atomic, of course.
 234   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseUnalignedAccesses)) {
 235     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseUnalignedAccesses, true);
 236   }
 237 }
 238 
 239 
 240 void VM_Version::set_features_string() {
 241 
 242   unsigned int ambiguity = 0;
 243   if (is_z13()) {
 244     _features_string = "System z G7-z13  (LDISP_fast, ExtImm, PCrel Load/Store, CmpB, Cond Load/Store, Interlocked Update, TxM, VectorInstr)";
 245     ambiguity++;
 246   }
 247   if (is_ec12()) {
 248     _features_string = "System z G6-EC12 (LDISP_fast, ExtImm, PCrel Load/Store, CmpB, Cond Load/Store, Interlocked Update, TxM)";
 249     ambiguity++;
 250   }
 251   if (is_z196()) {
 252     _features_string = "System z G5-z196 (LDISP_fast, ExtImm, PCrel Load/Store, CmpB, Cond Load/Store, Interlocked Update)";
 253     ambiguity++;
 254   }
 255   if (is_z10()) {
 256     _features_string = "System z G4-z10  (LDISP_fast, ExtImm, PCrel Load/Store, CmpB)";
 257     ambiguity++;
 258   }
 259   if (is_z9()) {
 260     _features_string = "System z G3-z9   (LDISP_fast, ExtImm), out-of-support as of 2016-04-01";
 261     ambiguity++;
 262   }
 263   if (is_z990()) {
 264     _features_string = "System z G2-z990 (LDISP_fast), out-of-support as of 2014-07-01";
 265     ambiguity++;
 266   }
 267   if (is_z900()) {
 268     _features_string = "System z G1-z900 (LDISP), out-of-support as of 2014-07-01";
 269     ambiguity++;
 270   }
 271 
 272   if (ambiguity == 0) {
 273     _features_string = "z/Architecture (unknown generation)";
 274   } else if (ambiguity > 1) {
 275     tty->print_cr("*** WARNING *** Ambiguous z/Architecture detection, ambiguity = %d", ambiguity);
 276     tty->print_cr("                oldest detected generation is %s", _features_string);
 277     _features_string = "z/Architecture (ambiguous detection)";
 278   }
 279 
 280   if (has_Crypto_AES()) {
 281     char buf[256];
 282     assert(strlen(_features_string) + 4 + 3*4 + 1 < sizeof(buf), "increase buffer size");
 283     jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s aes%s%s%s", // String 'aes' must be surrounded by spaces so that jtreg tests recognize it.
 284                  _features_string,
 285                  has_Crypto_AES128() ? " 128" : "",
 286                  has_Crypto_AES192() ? " 192" : "",
 287                  has_Crypto_AES256() ? " 256" : "");
 288     _features_string = os::strdup(buf);
 289   }
 290 
 291   if (has_Crypto_SHA()) {
 292     char buf[256];
 293     assert(strlen(_features_string) + 4 + 2 + 2*4 + 6 + 1 < sizeof(buf), "increase buffer size");
 294     // String 'sha1' etc must be surrounded by spaces so that jtreg tests recognize it.
 295     jio_snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s %s%s%s%s",
 296                  _features_string,
 297                  has_Crypto_SHA1()   ? " sha1"   : "",
 298                  has_Crypto_SHA256() ? " sha256" : "",
 299                  has_Crypto_SHA512() ? " sha512" : "",
 300                  has_Crypto_GHASH()  ? " ghash"  : "");
 301     if (has_Crypto_AES()) { os::free((void *)_features_string); }
 302     _features_string = os::strdup(buf);
 303   }
 304 }
 305 
 306 // featureBuffer - bit array indicating availability of various features
 307 // featureNum    - bit index of feature to be tested
 308 //                 Featurenum < 0 requests test for any nonzero bit in featureBuffer.
 309 // bufLen        - length of featureBuffer in bits
 310 bool VM_Version::test_feature_bit(unsigned long* featureBuffer, int featureNum, unsigned int bufLen) {
 311   assert(bufLen > 0,             "buffer len must be positive");
 312   assert((bufLen & 0x0007) == 0, "unaligned buffer len");
 313   assert(((intptr_t)featureBuffer&0x0007) == 0, "unaligned feature buffer");
 314   if (featureNum < 0) {
 315     // Any bit set at all?
 316     bool anyBit = false;
 317     for (size_t i = 0; i < bufLen/(8*sizeof(long)); i++) {
 318       anyBit = anyBit || (featureBuffer[i] != 0);
 319     }
 320     return anyBit;
 321   } else {
 322     assert((unsigned int)featureNum < bufLen,    "feature index out of range");
 323     unsigned char* byteBuffer = (unsigned char*)featureBuffer;
 324     int   byteIndex  = featureNum/(8*sizeof(char));
 325     int   bitIndex   = featureNum%(8*sizeof(char));
 326     // Indexed bit set?
 327     return (byteBuffer[byteIndex] & (1U<<(7-bitIndex))) != 0;
 328   }
 329 }
 330 
 331 void VM_Version::print_features_internal(const char* text, bool print_anyway) {
 332   tty->print_cr("%s %s",       text, features_string());
 333   tty->print("%s", text);
 334   for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _nfeatures; i++) {
 335     tty->print("  0x%16.16lx", _features[i]);
 336   }
 337   tty->cr();
 338 
 339   if (Verbose || print_anyway) {
 340     // z900
 341     if (has_long_displacement()        ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "LongDispFacility");
 342     // z990
 343     if (has_long_displacement_fast()   ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "LongDispFacilityHighPerf");
 344     if (has_ETF2() && has_ETF3()       ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "ETF2 and ETF3");
 345     if (has_Crypto()                   ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "CryptoFacility");
 346     // z9
 347     if (has_extended_immediate()       ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "ExtImmedFacility");
 348     if (has_StoreFacilityListExtended()) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "StoreFacilityListExtended");
 349     if (has_StoreClockFast()           ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "StoreClockFast");
 350     if (has_ETF2Enhancements()         ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "ETF2 Enhancements");
 351     if (has_ETF3Enhancements()         ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "ETF3 Enhancements");
 352     if (has_HFPUnnormalized()          ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "HFPUnnormalizedFacility");
 353     if (has_HFPMultiplyAndAdd()        ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "HFPMultiplyAndAddFacility");
 354     // z10
 355     if (has_ParsingEnhancements()      ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Parsing Enhancements");
 356     if (has_ExtractCPUtime()           ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "ExtractCPUTime");
 357     if (has_CompareSwapStore()         ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "CompareSwapStore");
 358     if (has_GnrlInstrExtensions()      ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "General Instruction Extensions");
 359     if (has_CompareBranch()            ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Compare and Branch");
 360     if (has_CompareTrap()              ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Compare and Trap");
 361     if (has_RelativeLoadStore()        ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Relative Load/Store");
 362     if (has_MultiplySingleImm32()      ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "MultiplySingleImm32");
 363     if (has_Prefetch()                 ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Prefetch");
 364     if (has_MoveImmToMem()             ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Direct Moves Immediate to Memory");
 365     if (has_MemWithImmALUOps()         ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Direct ALU Ops Memory .op. Immediate");
 366     if (has_ExtractCPUAttributes()     ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Extract CPU Atributes");
 367     if (has_ExecuteExtensions()        ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "ExecuteExtensions");
 368     if (has_FPSupportEnhancements()    ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "FPSupportEnhancements");
 369     if (has_DecimalFloatingPoint()     ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "DecimalFloatingPoint");
 370     // z196
 371     if (has_DistinctOpnds()            ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Distinct Operands");
 372     if (has_InterlockedAccessV1()      ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "InterlockedAccess V1 (fast)");
 373     if (has_PopCount()                 ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "PopCount");
 374     if (has_LoadStoreConditional()     ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "LoadStoreConditional");
 375     if (has_HighWordInstr()            ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "HighWord Instructions");
 376     if (has_FastSync()                 ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "FastSync (bcr 14,0)");
 377     if (has_AtomicMemWithImmALUOps()   ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Atomic Direct ALU Ops Memory .op. Immediate");
 378     if (has_FPExtensions()             ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Floatingpoint Extensions");
 379     if (has_CryptoExt3()               ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Crypto Extensions 3");
 380     if (has_CryptoExt4()               ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Crypto Extensions 4");
 381     // EC12
 382     if (has_MiscInstrExt()             ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Miscelaneous Instruction Extensions");
 383     if (has_ExecutionHint()            ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Execution Hints (branch prediction)");
 384     if (has_ProcessorAssist()          ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Processor Assists");
 385     if (has_LoadAndTrap()              ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Load and Trap");
 386     if (has_TxMem()                    ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Transactional Memory");
 387     if (has_InterlockedAccessV2()      ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "InterlockedAccess V2 (fast)");
 388     if (has_DFPZonedConversion()       ) tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "DFP Zoned Conversions");
 389     // z13
 390     if (has_LoadStoreConditional2()    ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Load/Store Conditional 2");
 391     if (has_CryptoExt5()               ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Crypto Extensions 5");
 392     if (has_DFPPackedConversion()      ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "DFP Packed Conversions");
 393     if (has_VectorFacility()           ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "Vector Facility");
 394     // test switches
 395     if (has_TestFeature1Impl()         ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "TestFeature1Impl");
 396     if (has_TestFeature2Impl()         ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "TestFeature2Impl");
 397     if (has_TestFeature4Impl()         ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "TestFeature4Impl");
 398     if (has_TestFeature8Impl()         ) tty->print_cr("available: %s", "TestFeature8Impl");
 399 
 400     if (has_Crypto()) {
 401       tty->cr();
 402       tty->print_cr("detailed availability of %s capabilities:", "CryptoFacility");
 403       if (test_feature_bit(&_cipher_features[0], -1, 2*Cipher::_featureBits)) {
 404         tty->cr();
 405         tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Message Cipher Functions");
 406       }
 407       if (test_feature_bit(&_cipher_features[0], -1, (int)Cipher::_featureBits)) {
 408         tty->print_cr("    available Crypto Features of KM  (Cipher Message):");
 409         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < Cipher::_featureBits; i++) {
 410           if (test_feature_bit(&_cipher_features[0], i, (int)Cipher::_featureBits)) {
 411             switch (i) {
 412               case Cipher::_Query:              tty->print_cr("      available: KM   Query");                  break;
 413               case Cipher::_DEA:                tty->print_cr("      available: KM   DEA");                    break;
 414               case Cipher::_TDEA128:            tty->print_cr("      available: KM   TDEA-128");               break;
 415               case Cipher::_TDEA192:            tty->print_cr("      available: KM   TDEA-192");               break;
 416               case Cipher::_EncryptedDEA:       tty->print_cr("      available: KM   Encrypted DEA");          break;
 417               case Cipher::_EncryptedDEA128:    tty->print_cr("      available: KM   Encrypted DEA-128");      break;
 418               case Cipher::_EncryptedDEA192:    tty->print_cr("      available: KM   Encrypted DEA-192");      break;
 419               case Cipher::_AES128:             tty->print_cr("      available: KM   AES-128");                break;
 420               case Cipher::_AES192:             tty->print_cr("      available: KM   AES-192");                break;
 421               case Cipher::_AES256:             tty->print_cr("      available: KM   AES-256");                break;
 422               case Cipher::_EnccryptedAES128:   tty->print_cr("      available: KM   Encrypted-AES-128");      break;
 423               case Cipher::_EnccryptedAES192:   tty->print_cr("      available: KM   Encrypted-AES-192");      break;
 424               case Cipher::_EnccryptedAES256:   tty->print_cr("      available: KM   Encrypted-AES-256");      break;
 425               case Cipher::_XTSAES128:          tty->print_cr("      available: KM   XTS-AES-128");            break;
 426               case Cipher::_XTSAES256:          tty->print_cr("      available: KM   XTS-AES-256");            break;
 427               case Cipher::_EncryptedXTSAES128: tty->print_cr("      available: KM   XTS-Encrypted-AES-128");  break;
 428               case Cipher::_EncryptedXTSAES256: tty->print_cr("      available: KM   XTS-Encrypted-AES-256");  break;
 429               default: tty->print_cr("      available: unknown KM  code %d", i);      break;
 430             }
 431           }
 432         }
 433       }
 434       if (test_feature_bit(&_cipher_features[2], -1, (int)Cipher::_featureBits)) {
 435         tty->print_cr("    available Crypto Features of KMC (Cipher Message with Chaining):");
 436         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < Cipher::_featureBits; i++) {
 437             if (test_feature_bit(&_cipher_features[2], i, (int)Cipher::_featureBits)) {
 438             switch (i) {
 439               case Cipher::_Query:              tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  Query");                  break;
 440               case Cipher::_DEA:                tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  DEA");                    break;
 441               case Cipher::_TDEA128:            tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  TDEA-128");               break;
 442               case Cipher::_TDEA192:            tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  TDEA-192");               break;
 443               case Cipher::_EncryptedDEA:       tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  Encrypted DEA");          break;
 444               case Cipher::_EncryptedDEA128:    tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  Encrypted DEA-128");      break;
 445               case Cipher::_EncryptedDEA192:    tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  Encrypted DEA-192");      break;
 446               case Cipher::_AES128:             tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  AES-128");                break;
 447               case Cipher::_AES192:             tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  AES-192");                break;
 448               case Cipher::_AES256:             tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  AES-256");                break;
 449               case Cipher::_EnccryptedAES128:   tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  Encrypted-AES-128");      break;
 450               case Cipher::_EnccryptedAES192:   tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  Encrypted-AES-192");      break;
 451               case Cipher::_EnccryptedAES256:   tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  Encrypted-AES-256");      break;
 452               case Cipher::_PRNG:               tty->print_cr("      available: KMC  PRNG");                   break;
 453               default: tty->print_cr("      available: unknown KMC code %d", i);      break;
 454             }
 455           }
 456         }
 457       }
 458 
 459       if (test_feature_bit(&_msgdigest_features[0], -1, 2*MsgDigest::_featureBits)) {
 460         tty->cr();
 461         tty->print_cr("  available: %s", "Message Digest Functions for SHA");
 462       }
 463       if (test_feature_bit(&_msgdigest_features[0], -1, (int)MsgDigest::_featureBits)) {
 464         tty->print_cr("    available Features of KIMD (Msg Digest):");
 465         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < MsgDigest::_featureBits; i++) {
 466             if (test_feature_bit(&_msgdigest_features[0], i, (int)MsgDigest::_featureBits)) {
 467             switch (i) {
 468               case MsgDigest::_Query:  tty->print_cr("      available: KIMD Query");   break;
 469               case MsgDigest::_SHA1:   tty->print_cr("      available: KIMD SHA-1");   break;
 470               case MsgDigest::_SHA256: tty->print_cr("      available: KIMD SHA-256"); break;
 471               case MsgDigest::_SHA512: tty->print_cr("      available: KIMD SHA-512"); break;
 472               case MsgDigest::_GHASH:  tty->print_cr("      available: KIMD GHASH");   break;
 473               default: tty->print_cr("      available: unknown code %d", i);  break;
 474             }
 475           }
 476         }
 477       }
 478       if (test_feature_bit(&_msgdigest_features[2], -1, (int)MsgDigest::_featureBits)) {
 479         tty->print_cr("    available Features of KLMD (Msg Digest):");
 480         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < MsgDigest::_featureBits; i++) {
 481           if (test_feature_bit(&_msgdigest_features[2], i, (int)MsgDigest::_featureBits)) {
 482             switch (i) {
 483               case MsgDigest::_Query:  tty->print_cr("      available: KLMD Query");   break;
 484               case MsgDigest::_SHA1:   tty->print_cr("      available: KLMD SHA-1");   break;
 485               case MsgDigest::_SHA256: tty->print_cr("      available: KLMD SHA-256"); break;
 486               case MsgDigest::_SHA512: tty->print_cr("      available: KLMD SHA-512"); break;
 487               default: tty->print_cr("      available: unknown code %d", i);  break;
 488             }
 489           }
 490         }
 491       }
 492     }
 493     if (ContendedPaddingWidth > 0) {
 494       tty->cr();
 495       tty->print_cr("ContendedPaddingWidth " INTX_FORMAT, ContendedPaddingWidth);
 496     }
 497   }
 498 }
 499 
 500 void VM_Version::print_features() {
 501   print_features_internal("Version:");
 502 }
 503 
 504 void VM_Version::reset_features(bool reset) {
 505   if (reset) {
 506     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _features_buffer_len; i++) {
 507       VM_Version::_features[i] = 0;
 508     }
 509   }
 510 }
 511 
 512 void VM_Version::set_features_z900(bool reset) {
 513   reset_features(reset);
 514 
 515   set_has_long_displacement();
 516   set_has_ETF2();
 517 }
 518 
 519 void VM_Version::set_features_z990(bool reset) {
 520   reset_features(reset);
 521 
 522   set_features_z900(false);
 523   set_has_ETF3();
 524   set_has_long_displacement_fast();
 525   set_has_HFPMultiplyAndAdd();
 526 }
 527 
 528 void VM_Version::set_features_z9(bool reset) {
 529   reset_features(reset);
 530 
 531   set_features_z990(false);
 532   set_has_StoreFacilityListExtended();
 533   // set_has_Crypto();   // Do not set, crypto features must be retrieved separately.
 534   set_has_ETF2Enhancements();
 535   set_has_ETF3Enhancements();
 536   set_has_extended_immediate();
 537   set_has_StoreClockFast();
 538   set_has_HFPUnnormalized();
 539 }
 540 
 541 void VM_Version::set_features_z10(bool reset) {
 542   reset_features(reset);
 543 
 544   set_features_z9(false);
 545   set_has_CompareSwapStore();
 546   set_has_RelativeLoadStore();
 547   set_has_CompareBranch();
 548   set_has_CompareTrap();
 549   set_has_MultiplySingleImm32();
 550   set_has_Prefetch();
 551   set_has_MoveImmToMem();
 552   set_has_MemWithImmALUOps();
 553   set_has_ExecuteExtensions();
 554   set_has_FPSupportEnhancements();
 555   set_has_DecimalFloatingPoint();
 556   set_has_ExtractCPUtime();
 557   set_has_CryptoExt3();
 558 }
 559 
 560 void VM_Version::set_features_z196(bool reset) {
 561   reset_features(reset);
 562 
 563   set_features_z10(false);
 564   set_has_InterlockedAccessV1();
 565   set_has_PopCount();
 566   set_has_LoadStoreConditional();
 567   set_has_HighWordInstr();
 568   set_has_FastSync();
 569   set_has_FPExtensions();
 570   set_has_DistinctOpnds();
 571   set_has_CryptoExt4();
 572 }
 573 
 574 void VM_Version::set_features_ec12(bool reset) {
 575   reset_features(reset);
 576 
 577   set_features_z196(false);
 578   set_has_MiscInstrExt();
 579   set_has_InterlockedAccessV2();
 580   set_has_LoadAndALUAtomicV2();
 581   set_has_TxMem();
 582 }
 583 
 584 void VM_Version::set_features_z13(bool reset) {
 585   reset_features(reset);
 586 
 587   set_features_ec12(false);
 588   set_has_LoadStoreConditional2();
 589   set_has_CryptoExt5();
 590   set_has_VectorFacility();
 591 }
 592 
 593 void VM_Version::set_features_from(const char* march) {
 594   bool err = false;
 595   bool prt = false;
 596 
 597   if ((march != NULL) && (march[0] != '\0')) {
 598     const int buf_len = 16;
 599     const int hdr_len =  5;
 600     char buf[buf_len];
 601     if (strlen(march) >= hdr_len) {
 602       memcpy(buf, march, hdr_len);
 603       buf[hdr_len] = '\00';
 604     } else {
 605       buf[0]       = '\00';
 606     }
 607 
 608     if (!strcmp(march, "z900")) {
 609       set_features_z900();
 610     } else if (!strcmp(march, "z990")) {
 611         set_features_z990();
 612     } else if (!strcmp(march, "z9")) {
 613         set_features_z9();
 614     } else if (!strcmp(march, "z10")) {
 615         set_features_z10();
 616     } else if (!strcmp(march, "z196")) {
 617         set_features_z196();
 618     } else if (!strcmp(march, "ec12")) {
 619         set_features_ec12();
 620     } else if (!strcmp(march, "z13")) {
 621         set_features_z13();
 622     } else if (!strcmp(buf, "ztest")) {
 623       assert(!has_TestFeaturesImpl(), "possible facility list flag conflict");
 624       if (strlen(march) > hdr_len) {
 625         int itest = 0;
 626         if ((strlen(march)-hdr_len) >= buf_len) err = true;
 627         if (!err) {
 628           memcpy(buf, &march[hdr_len], strlen(march)-hdr_len);
 629           buf[strlen(march)-hdr_len] = '\00';
 630           for (size_t i = 0; !err && (i < strlen(buf)); i++) {
 631             itest = itest*10 + buf[i]-'0';
 632             err   = err || ((buf[i]-'0') < 0) || ((buf[i]-'0') > 9) || (itest > 15);
 633           }
 634         }
 635         if (!err) {
 636           prt = true;
 637           if (itest & 0x01) { set_has_TestFeature1Impl(); }
 638           if (itest & 0x02) { set_has_TestFeature2Impl(); }
 639           if (itest & 0x04) { set_has_TestFeature4Impl(); }
 640           if (itest & 0x08) { set_has_TestFeature8Impl(); }
 641         }
 642       } else {
 643         prt = true;
 644         set_has_TestFeature1Impl();
 645         set_has_TestFeature2Impl();
 646         set_has_TestFeature4Impl();
 647         set_has_TestFeature8Impl();
 648       }
 649     } else {
 650       err = true;
 651     }
 652     if (!err) {
 653       set_features_string();
 654       if (prt || PrintAssembly) {
 655         print_features_internal("CPU Version as set by cmdline option:", prt);
 656       }
 657     } else {
 658       tty->print_cr("***Warning: Unsupported ProcessorArchitecture: %s, internal settings left undisturbed.", march);
 659     }
 660   }
 661 
 662 }
 663 
 664 static long (*getFeatures)(unsigned long*, int, int) = NULL;
 665 
 666 void VM_Version::set_getFeatures(address entryPoint) {
 667   if (getFeatures == NULL) {
 668     getFeatures = (long(*)(unsigned long*, int, int))entryPoint;
 669   }
 670 }
 671 
 672 long VM_Version::call_getFeatures(unsigned long* buffer, int buflen, int functionCode) {
 673   VM_Version::_is_determine_features_test_running = true;
 674   long functionResult = (*getFeatures)(buffer, buflen, functionCode);
 675   VM_Version::_is_determine_features_test_running = false;
 676   return functionResult;
 677 }
 678 
 679 // Helper function for "extract cache attribute" instruction.
 680 int VM_Version::calculate_ECAG_functionCode(unsigned int attributeIndication,
 681                                             unsigned int levelIndication,
 682                                             unsigned int typeIndication) {
 683   return (attributeIndication<<4) | (levelIndication<<1) | typeIndication;
 684 }
 685 
 686 void VM_Version::determine_features() {
 687 
 688   const int      cbuf_size = _code_buffer_len;
 689   const int      buf_len   = _features_buffer_len;
 690 
 691   // Allocate code buffer space for the detection code.
 692   ResourceMark    rm;
 693   CodeBuffer      cbuf("determine CPU features", cbuf_size, 0);
 694   MacroAssembler* a = new MacroAssembler(&cbuf);
 695 
 696   // Emit code.
 697   set_getFeatures(a->pc());
 698   address   code = a->pc();
 699 
 700   // Try STFLE. Possible INVOP will cause defaults to be used.
 701   Label    getFEATURES;
 702   Label    getCPUFEATURES;                   // fcode = -1 (cache)
 703   Label    getCIPHERFEATURES;                // fcode = -2 (cipher)
 704   Label    getMSGDIGESTFEATURES;             // fcode = -3 (SHA)
 705   Label    checkLongDispFast;
 706   Label    noLongDisp;
 707   Label    posDisp, negDisp;
 708   Label    errRTN;
 709   a->z_ltgfr(Z_R0, Z_ARG2);                  // Buf len to r0 and test.
 710   a->z_brl(getFEATURES);                     // negative -> Get machine features.
 711   a->z_brz(checkLongDispFast);               // zero -> Check for high-speed Long Displacement Facility.
 712   a->z_aghi(Z_R0, -1);
 713   a->z_stfle(0, Z_ARG1);
 714   a->z_lg(Z_R1, 0, Z_ARG1);                  // Get first DW of facility list.
 715   a->z_lgr(Z_RET, Z_R0);                     // Calculate rtn value for success.
 716   a->z_la(Z_RET, 1, Z_RET);
 717   a->z_brnz(errRTN);                         // Instr failed if non-zero CC.
 718   a->z_ltgr(Z_R1, Z_R1);                     // Instr failed if first DW == 0.
 719   a->z_bcr(Assembler::bcondNotZero, Z_R14);  // Successful return.
 720 
 721   a->bind(errRTN);
 722   a->z_lngr(Z_RET, Z_RET);
 723   a->z_ltgr(Z_R1, Z_R1);
 724   a->z_bcr(Assembler::bcondNotZero, Z_R14);  // Return "buffer too small".
 725   a->z_xgr(Z_RET, Z_RET);
 726   a->z_br(Z_R14);                            // Return "operation aborted".
 727 
 728   a->bind(getFEATURES);
 729   a->z_cghi(Z_R0, -1);                       // -1: Extract CPU attributes, currently: cache layout only.
 730   a->z_bre(getCPUFEATURES);
 731   a->z_cghi(Z_R0, -2);                       // -2: Extract detailed crypto capabilities (cipher instructions).
 732   a->z_bre(getCIPHERFEATURES);
 733   a->z_cghi(Z_R0, -3);                       // -3: Extract detailed crypto capabilities (msg digest instructions).
 734   a->z_bre(getMSGDIGESTFEATURES);
 735 
 736   a->z_xgr(Z_RET, Z_RET);                    // Not a valid function code.
 737   a->z_br(Z_R14);                            // Return "operation aborted".
 738 
 739   // Try KIMD/KLMD query function to get details about msg digest (secure hash, SHA) instructions.
 740   a->bind(getMSGDIGESTFEATURES);
 741   a->z_lghi(Z_R0,(int)MsgDigest::_Query);    // query function code
 742   a->z_lgr(Z_R1,Z_R2);                       // param block addr, 2*16 bytes min size
 743   a->z_kimd(Z_R2,Z_R2);                      // Get available KIMD functions (bit pattern in param blk).
 744   a->z_la(Z_R1,16,Z_R1);                     // next param block addr
 745   a->z_klmd(Z_R2,Z_R2);                      // Get available KLMD functions (bit pattern in param blk).
 746   a->z_lghi(Z_RET,4);
 747   a->z_br(Z_R14);
 748 
 749   // Try KM/KMC query function to get details about crypto instructions.
 750   a->bind(getCIPHERFEATURES);
 751   a->z_lghi(Z_R0,(int)Cipher::_Query);       // query function code
 752   a->z_lgr(Z_R1,Z_R2);                       // param block addr, 2*16 bytes min size (KIMD/KLMD output)
 753   a->z_km(Z_R2,Z_R2);                        // get available KM functions
 754   a->z_la(Z_R1,16,Z_R1);                     // next param block addr
 755   a->z_kmc(Z_R2,Z_R2);                       // get available KMC functions
 756   a->z_lghi(Z_RET,4);
 757   a->z_br(Z_R14);
 758 
 759   // Use EXTRACT CPU ATTRIBUTE instruction to get information about cache layout.
 760   a->bind(getCPUFEATURES);
 761   a->z_xgr(Z_R0,Z_R0);                       // as recommended in instruction documentation
 762   a->z_ecag(Z_RET,Z_R0,0,Z_ARG3);            // Extract information as requested by Z_ARG1 contents.
 763   a->z_br(Z_R14);
 764 
 765   // Check the performance of the Long Displacement Facility, i.e. find out if we are running on z900 or newer.
 766   a->bind(checkLongDispFast);
 767   a->z_llill(Z_R0, 0xffff);                  // preset #iterations
 768   a->z_larl(Z_R1, posDisp);
 769   a->z_stck(0, Z_ARG1);                      // Get begin timestamp.
 770 
 771   a->bind(posDisp);                          // Positive disp loop.
 772   a->z_lg(Z_ARG2, 0, Z_ARG1);
 773   a->z_bctgr(Z_R0, Z_R1);
 774 
 775   a->z_stck(0, Z_ARG1);                      // Get end timestamp.
 776   a->z_sg(Z_ARG2, 0, Z_R0, Z_ARG1);          // Calculate elapsed time.
 777   a->z_lcgr(Z_ARG2, Z_ARG2);
 778   a->z_srlg(Z_ARG2, Z_ARG2, 12);             // LSB: now microseconds
 779   a->z_stg(Z_ARG2, 8, Z_ARG1);               // Store difference in buffer[1].
 780 
 781   a->z_llill(Z_R0, 0xffff);                  // preset #iterations
 782   a->z_larl(Z_R1, negDisp);
 783   a->z_xgr(Z_ARG2, Z_ARG2);                  // Clear to detect absence of LongDisp facility.
 784   a->z_stck(0, Z_ARG1);                      // Get begin timestamp.
 785   a->z_la(Z_ARG1, 8, Z_ARG1);
 786 
 787   a->bind(negDisp);                          // Negative disp loop.
 788   a->z_lg(Z_ARG2, -8, Z_ARG1);
 789   a->z_bctgr(Z_R0, Z_R1);
 790 
 791   a->z_aghi(Z_ARG1, -8);
 792   a->z_stck(0, Z_ARG1);                      // Get end timestamp.
 793   a->z_ltgr(Z_ARG2, Z_ARG2);                 // Check for absence of LongDisp facility.
 794   a->z_brz(noLongDisp);
 795   a->z_sg(Z_ARG2, 0, Z_R0, Z_ARG1);          // Calc elapsed time.
 796   a->z_lcgr(Z_ARG2, Z_ARG2);
 797   a->z_srlg(Z_ARG2, Z_ARG2, 12);             // LSB: now microseconds
 798   a->z_stg(Z_ARG2, 0, Z_ARG1);               // store difference in buffer[0]
 799 
 800   a->z_llill(Z_RET,0xffff);
 801   a->z_br(Z_R14);
 802 
 803   a->bind(noLongDisp);
 804   a->z_lghi(Z_RET,-1);
 805   a->z_br(Z_R14);
 806 
 807   address code_end = a->pc();
 808   a->flush();
 809 
 810   // Print the detection code.
 811   bool printVerbose = Verbose || PrintAssembly || PrintStubCode;
 812   if (printVerbose) {
 813     ttyLocker ttyl;
 814     tty->print_cr("Decoding CPU feature detection stub at " INTPTR_FORMAT " before execution:", p2i(code));
 815     tty->print_cr("Stub length is %ld bytes, codebuffer reserves %d bytes, %ld bytes spare.",
 816                   code_end-code, cbuf_size, cbuf_size-(code_end-code));
 817 
 818     // Use existing decode function. This enables the [Code] format which is needed to DecodeErrorFile.
 819     Disassembler::decode((u_char*)code, (u_char*)code_end, tty);
 820   }
 821 
 822   // Prepare for detection code execution and clear work buffer.
 823   _nfeatures        = 0;
 824   _ncipher_features = 0;
 825   unsigned long  buffer[buf_len];
 826 
 827   for (int i = 0; i < buf_len; i++) {
 828     buffer[i] = 0L;
 829   }
 830 
 831   // execute code
 832   // Illegal instructions will be replaced by 0 in signal handler.
 833   // In case of problems, call_getFeatures will return a not-positive result.
 834   long used_len = call_getFeatures(buffer, buf_len, 0);
 835 
 836   bool ok;
 837   if (used_len == 1) {
 838     ok = true;
 839   } else if (used_len > 1) {
 840     unsigned int used_lenU = (unsigned int)used_len;
 841     ok = true;
 842     for (unsigned int i = 1; i < used_lenU; i++) {
 843       ok = ok && (buffer[i] == 0L);
 844     }
 845     if (printVerbose && !ok) {
 846       bool compact = false;
 847       tty->print_cr("Note: feature list has %d (i.e. more than one) array elements.", used_lenU);
 848       if (compact) {
 849         tty->print("non-zero feature list elements:");
 850         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < used_lenU; i++) {
 851           tty->print("  [%d]: 0x%16.16lx", i, buffer[i]);
 852         }
 853         tty->cr();
 854       } else {
 855         for (unsigned int i = 0; i < used_lenU; i++) {
 856           tty->print_cr("non-zero feature list[%d]: 0x%16.16lx", i, buffer[i]);
 857         }
 858       }
 859 
 860       if (compact) {
 861         tty->print_cr("Active features (compact view):");
 862         for (unsigned int k = 0; k < used_lenU; k++) {
 863           tty->print_cr("  buffer[%d]:", k);
 864           for (unsigned int j = k*sizeof(long); j < (k+1)*sizeof(long); j++) {
 865             bool line = false;
 866             for (unsigned int i = j*8; i < (j+1)*8; i++) {
 867               bool bit  = test_feature_bit(buffer, i, used_lenU*sizeof(long)*8);
 868               if (bit) {
 869                 if (!line) {
 870                   tty->print("    byte[%d]:", j);
 871                   line = true;
 872                 }
 873                 tty->print("  [%3.3d]", i);
 874               }
 875             }
 876             if (line) {
 877               tty->cr();
 878             }
 879           }
 880         }
 881       } else {
 882         tty->print_cr("Active features (full view):");
 883         for (unsigned int k = 0; k < used_lenU; k++) {
 884           tty->print_cr("  buffer[%d]:", k);
 885           for (unsigned int j = k*sizeof(long); j < (k+1)*sizeof(long); j++) {
 886             tty->print("    byte[%d]:", j);
 887             for (unsigned int i = j*8; i < (j+1)*8; i++) {
 888               bool bit  = test_feature_bit(buffer, i, used_lenU*sizeof(long)*8);
 889               if (bit) {
 890                 tty->print("  [%3.3d]", i);
 891               } else {
 892                 tty->print("       ");
 893               }
 894             }
 895             tty->cr();
 896           }
 897         }
 898       }
 899     }
 900     ok = true;
 901   } else {  // No features retrieved if we reach here. Buffer too short or instr not available.
 902     if (used_len < 0) {
 903       ok = false;
 904       if (printVerbose) {
 905         tty->print_cr("feature list buffer[%d] too short, required: buffer[%ld]", buf_len, -used_len);
 906       }
 907     } else {
 908       if (printVerbose) {
 909         tty->print_cr("feature list could not be retrieved. Running on z900 or z990? Trying to find out...");
 910       }
 911       used_len = call_getFeatures(buffer, 0, 0);       // Must provide at least two DW buffer elements!!!!
 912 
 913       ok = used_len > 0;
 914       if (ok) {
 915         if (buffer[1]*10 < buffer[0]) {
 916           set_features_z900();
 917         } else {
 918           set_features_z990();
 919         }
 920 
 921         if (printVerbose) {
 922           tty->print_cr("Note: high-speed long displacement test used %ld iterations.", used_len);
 923           tty->print_cr("      Positive displacement loads took %8.8lu microseconds.", buffer[1]);
 924           tty->print_cr("      Negative displacement loads took %8.8lu microseconds.", buffer[0]);
 925           if (has_long_displacement_fast()) {
 926             tty->print_cr("      assuming high-speed long displacement IS     available.");
 927           } else {
 928             tty->print_cr("      assuming high-speed long displacement is NOT available.");
 929           }
 930         }
 931       } else {
 932         if (printVerbose) {
 933           tty->print_cr("Note: high-speed long displacement test was not successful.");
 934           tty->print_cr("      assuming long displacement is NOT available.");
 935         }
 936       }
 937       return; // Do not copy buffer to _features, no test for cipher features.
 938     }
 939   }
 940 
 941   if (ok) {
 942     // Fill features buffer.
 943     // Clear work buffer.
 944     for (int i = 0; i < buf_len; i++) {
 945       _features[i]           = buffer[i];
 946       _cipher_features[i]    = 0;
 947       _msgdigest_features[i] = 0;
 948       buffer[i]              = 0L;
 949     }
 950     _nfeatures = used_len;
 951   } else {
 952     for (int i = 0; i < buf_len; i++) {
 953       _features[i]           = 0;
 954       _cipher_features[i]    = 0;
 955       _msgdigest_features[i] = 0;
 956       buffer[i]              = 0L;
 957     }
 958     _nfeatures = 0;
 959   }
 960 
 961   // Extract Crypto Facility details.
 962   if (has_Crypto()) {
 963     // Get cipher features.
 964     used_len = call_getFeatures(buffer, -2, 0);
 965     for (int i = 0; i < buf_len; i++) {
 966       _cipher_features[i] = buffer[i];
 967     }
 968     _ncipher_features = used_len;
 969 
 970     // Get msg digest features.
 971     used_len = call_getFeatures(buffer, -3, 0);
 972     for (int i = 0; i < buf_len; i++) {
 973       _msgdigest_features[i] = buffer[i];
 974     }
 975     _nmsgdigest_features = used_len;
 976   }
 977 
 978   static int   levelProperties[_max_cache_levels];     // All property indications per level.
 979   static int   levelScope[_max_cache_levels];          // private/shared
 980   static const char* levelScopeText[4] = {"No cache   ",
 981                                           "CPU private",
 982                                           "shared     ",
 983                                           "reserved   "};
 984 
 985   static int   levelType[_max_cache_levels];           // D/I/mixed
 986   static const char* levelTypeText[4]  = {"separate D and I caches",
 987                                           "I cache only           ",
 988                                           "D-cache only           ",
 989                                           "combined D/I cache     "};
 990 
 991   static unsigned int levelReserved[_max_cache_levels];    // reserved property bits
 992   static unsigned int levelLineSize[_max_cache_levels];
 993   static unsigned int levelTotalSize[_max_cache_levels];
 994   static unsigned int levelAssociativity[_max_cache_levels];
 995 
 996 
 997   // Extract Cache Layout details.
 998   if (has_ExtractCPUAttributes() && printVerbose) { // For information only, as of now.
 999     bool         lineSize_mismatch;
1000     bool         print_something;
1001     long         functionResult;
1002     unsigned int attributeIndication = 0; // 0..15
1003     unsigned int levelIndication     = 0; // 0..8
1004     unsigned int typeIndication      = 0; // 0..1 (D-Cache, I-Cache)
1005     int          functionCode        = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, levelIndication, typeIndication);
1006 
1007     // Get cache topology.
1008     functionResult = call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1009 
1010     for (unsigned int i = 0; i < _max_cache_levels; i++) {
1011       if (functionResult > 0) {
1012         int shiftVal          = 8*(_max_cache_levels-(i+1));
1013         levelProperties[i]    = (functionResult & (0xffUL<<shiftVal)) >> shiftVal;
1014         levelReserved[i]      = (levelProperties[i] & 0xf0) >> 4;
1015         levelScope[i]         = (levelProperties[i] & 0x0c) >> 2;
1016         levelType[i]          = (levelProperties[i] & 0x03);
1017       } else {
1018         levelProperties[i]    = 0;
1019         levelReserved[i]      = 0;
1020         levelScope[i]         = 0;
1021         levelType[i]          = 0;
1022       }
1023       levelLineSize[i]      = 0;
1024       levelTotalSize[i]     = 0;
1025       levelAssociativity[i] = 0;
1026     }
1027 
1028     tty->cr();
1029     tty->print_cr("------------------------------------");
1030     tty->print_cr("---  Cache Topology Information  ---");
1031     tty->print_cr("------------------------------------");
1032     for (unsigned int i = 0; (i < _max_cache_levels) && (levelProperties[i] != 0); i++) {
1033       tty->print_cr("  Cache Level %d: <scope>  %s | <type>  %s",
1034                     i+1, levelScopeText[levelScope[i]], levelTypeText[levelType[i]]);
1035     }
1036 
1037     // Get D-cache details per level.
1038     _Dcache_lineSize   = 0;
1039     lineSize_mismatch  = false;
1040     print_something    = false;
1041     typeIndication     = 0; // 0..1 (D-Cache, I-Cache)
1042     for (unsigned int i = 0; (i < _max_cache_levels) && (levelProperties[i] != 0); i++) {
1043       if ((levelType[i] == 0) || (levelType[i] == 2)) {
1044         print_something     = true;
1045 
1046         // Get cache line size of level i.
1047         attributeIndication   = 1;
1048         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1049         levelLineSize[i]      = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1050 
1051         // Get cache total size of level i.
1052         attributeIndication   = 2;
1053         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1054         levelTotalSize[i]     = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1055 
1056         // Get cache associativity of level i.
1057         attributeIndication   = 3;
1058         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1059         levelAssociativity[i] = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1060 
1061         _Dcache_lineSize      = _Dcache_lineSize == 0 ? levelLineSize[i] : _Dcache_lineSize;
1062         lineSize_mismatch     = lineSize_mismatch || (_Dcache_lineSize != levelLineSize[i]);
1063       } else {
1064         levelLineSize[i]      = 0;
1065       }
1066     }
1067 
1068     if (print_something) {
1069       tty->cr();
1070       tty->print_cr("------------------------------------");
1071       tty->print_cr("---  D-Cache Detail Information  ---");
1072       tty->print_cr("------------------------------------");
1073       if (lineSize_mismatch) {
1074         tty->print_cr("WARNING: D-Cache line size mismatch!");
1075       }
1076       for (unsigned int i = 0; (i < _max_cache_levels) && (levelProperties[i] != 0); i++) {
1077         if (levelLineSize[i] > 0) {
1078           tty->print_cr("  D-Cache Level %d: line size = %4d,  total size = %6dKB,  associativity = %2d",
1079                         i+1, levelLineSize[i], levelTotalSize[i]/(int)K, levelAssociativity[i]);
1080         }
1081       }
1082     }
1083 
1084     // Get I-cache details per level.
1085     _Icache_lineSize   = 0;
1086     lineSize_mismatch  = false;
1087     print_something    = false;
1088     typeIndication     = 1; // 0..1 (D-Cache, I-Cache)
1089     for (unsigned int i = 0; (i < _max_cache_levels) && (levelProperties[i] != 0); i++) {
1090       if ((levelType[i] == 0) || (levelType[i] == 1)) {
1091         print_something     = true;
1092 
1093         // Get cache line size of level i.
1094         attributeIndication   = 1;
1095         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1096         levelLineSize[i]      = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1097 
1098         // Get cache total size of level i.
1099         attributeIndication   = 2;
1100         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1101         levelTotalSize[i]     = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1102 
1103         // Get cache associativity of level i.
1104         attributeIndication   = 3;
1105         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1106         levelAssociativity[i] = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1107 
1108         _Icache_lineSize      = _Icache_lineSize == 0 ? levelLineSize[i] : _Icache_lineSize;
1109         lineSize_mismatch     = lineSize_mismatch || (_Icache_lineSize != levelLineSize[i]);
1110       } else {
1111         levelLineSize[i]      = 0;
1112       }
1113     }
1114 
1115     if (print_something) {
1116       tty->cr();
1117       tty->print_cr("------------------------------------");
1118       tty->print_cr("---  I-Cache Detail Information  ---");
1119       tty->print_cr("------------------------------------");
1120       if (lineSize_mismatch) {
1121         tty->print_cr("WARNING: I-Cache line size mismatch!");
1122       }
1123       for (unsigned int i = 0; (i < _max_cache_levels) && (levelProperties[i] != 0); i++) {
1124         if (levelLineSize[i] > 0) {
1125           tty->print_cr("  I-Cache Level %d: line size = %4d,  total size = %6dKB,  associativity = %2d",
1126                         i+1, levelLineSize[i], levelTotalSize[i]/(int)K, levelAssociativity[i]);
1127         }
1128       }
1129     }
1130 
1131     // Get D/I-cache details per level.
1132     lineSize_mismatch  = false;
1133     print_something    = false;
1134     typeIndication     = 0; // 0..1 (D-Cache, I-Cache)
1135     for (unsigned int i = 0; (i < _max_cache_levels) && (levelProperties[i] != 0); i++) {
1136       if (levelType[i] == 3) {
1137         print_something     = true;
1138 
1139         // Get cache line size of level i.
1140         attributeIndication   = 1;
1141         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1142         levelLineSize[i]      = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1143 
1144         // Get cache total size of level i.
1145         attributeIndication   = 2;
1146         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1147         levelTotalSize[i]     = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1148 
1149         // Get cache associativity of level i.
1150         attributeIndication   = 3;
1151         functionCode          = calculate_ECAG_functionCode(attributeIndication, i, typeIndication);
1152         levelAssociativity[i] = (unsigned int)call_getFeatures(buffer, -1, functionCode);
1153 
1154         _Dcache_lineSize      = _Dcache_lineSize == 0 ? levelLineSize[i] : _Dcache_lineSize;
1155         _Icache_lineSize      = _Icache_lineSize == 0 ? levelLineSize[i] : _Icache_lineSize;
1156         lineSize_mismatch     = lineSize_mismatch || (_Dcache_lineSize != levelLineSize[i])
1157                                                   || (_Icache_lineSize != levelLineSize[i]);
1158       } else {
1159         levelLineSize[i]      = 0;
1160       }
1161     }
1162 
1163     if (print_something) {
1164       tty->cr();
1165       tty->print_cr("--------------------------------------");
1166       tty->print_cr("---  D/I-Cache Detail Information  ---");
1167       tty->print_cr("--------------------------------------");
1168       if (lineSize_mismatch) {
1169         tty->print_cr("WARNING: D/I-Cache line size mismatch!");
1170       }
1171       for (unsigned int i = 0; (i < _max_cache_levels) && (levelProperties[i] != 0); i++) {
1172         if (levelLineSize[i] > 0) {
1173           tty->print_cr("  D/I-Cache Level %d: line size = %4d,  total size = %6dKB,  associativity = %2d",
1174                         i+1, levelLineSize[i], levelTotalSize[i]/(int)K, levelAssociativity[i]);
1175         }
1176       }
1177     }
1178     tty->cr();
1179   }
1180   return;
1181 }
1182 
1183 unsigned long VM_Version::z_SIGILL() {
1184   unsigned long   ZeroBuffer = 0;
1185   unsigned long   work;
1186   asm(
1187     "     LA      %[work],%[buffer]  \n\t"   // Load address of buffer.
1188     "     LARL    14,+6              \n\t"   // Load address of faulting instruction.
1189     "     BCR     15,%[work]         \n\t"   // Branch into buffer, execute whatever is in there.
1190     : [buffer]  "+Q"  (ZeroBuffer)   /* outputs   */
1191     , [work]   "=&a"  (work)         /* outputs   */
1192     :                                /* inputs    */
1193     : "cc"                           /* clobbered */
1194  );
1195   return ZeroBuffer;
1196 }
1197 
1198 unsigned long VM_Version::z_SIGSEGV() {
1199   unsigned long   ZeroBuffer = 0;
1200   unsigned long   work;
1201   asm(
1202     "     LG      %[work],%[buffer]  \n\t"   // Load zero address.
1203     "     STG     %[work],0(,%[work])\n\t"   // Store to address zero.
1204     : [buffer]  "+Q"  (ZeroBuffer)   /* outputs   */
1205     , [work]   "=&a"  (work)         /* outputs   */
1206     :                                /* inputs    */
1207     : "cc"                           /* clobbered */
1208  );
1209   return ZeroBuffer;
1210 }
1211