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 <header id="title-block-header">
 <h1 class="title">Testing the JDK</h1>
 </header>
-<nav id="TOC">
+<nav id="TOC" role="doc-toc">
 <ul>
-<li><a href="#using-make-test-the-run-test-framework">Using &quot;make test&quot; (the run-test framework)</a><ul>
+<li><a href="#using-make-test-the-run-test-framework">Using "make test" (the run-test framework)</a><ul>
 <li><a href="#configuration">Configuration</a></li>
 </ul></li>
 <li><a href="#test-selection">Test selection</a><ul>
@@ -41,10 +41,11 @@
 </ul></li>
 <li><a href="#notes-for-specific-tests">Notes for Specific Tests</a><ul>
 <li><a href="#docker-tests">Docker Tests</a></li>
+<li><a href="#non-us-locale">Non-US locale</a></li>
 </ul></li>
 </ul>
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-<h2 id="using-make-test-the-run-test-framework">Using &quot;make test&quot; (the run-test framework)</h2>
+<h2 id="using-make-test-the-run-test-framework">Using "make test" (the run-test framework)</h2>
 <p>This new way of running tests is developer-centric. It assumes that you have built a JDK locally and want to test it. Running common test targets is simple, and more complex ad-hoc combination of tests is possible. The user interface is forgiving, and clearly report errors it cannot resolve.</p>
 <p>The main target <code>test</code> uses the jdk-image as the tested product. There is also an alternate target <code>exploded-test</code> that uses the exploded image instead. Not all tests will run successfully on the exploded image, but using this target can greatly improve rebuild times for certain workflows.</p>
 <p>Previously, <code>make test</code> was used to invoke an old system for running tests, and <code>make run-test</code> was used for the new test framework. For backward compatibility with scripts and muscle memory, <code>run-test</code> (and variants like <code>exploded-run-test</code> or <code>run-test-tier1</code>) are kept as aliases.</p>
@@ -62,7 +63,7 @@
 <p>To be able to run microbenchmarks, <code>configure</code> needs to know where to find the JMH dependency. Use <code>--with-jmh=&lt;path to JMH jars&gt;</code> to point to a directory containing the core JMH and transitive dependencies. The recommended dependencies can be retrieved by running <code>sh make/devkit/createJMHBundle.sh</code>, after which <code>--with-jmh=build/jmh/jars</code> should work.</p>
 <h2 id="test-selection">Test selection</h2>
 <p>All functionality is available using the <code>test</code> make target. In this use case, the test or tests to be executed is controlled using the <code>TEST</code> variable. To speed up subsequent test runs with no source code changes, <code>test-only</code> can be used instead, which do not depend on the source and test image build.</p>
-<p>For some common top-level tests, direct make targets have been generated. This includes all JTReg test groups, the hotspot gtest, and custom tests (if present). This means that <code>make test-tier1</code> is equivalent to <code>make test TEST=&quot;tier1&quot;</code>, but the latter is more tab-completion friendly. For more complex test runs, the <code>test TEST=&quot;x&quot;</code> solution needs to be used.</p>
+<p>For some common top-level tests, direct make targets have been generated. This includes all JTReg test groups, the hotspot gtest, and custom tests (if present). This means that <code>make test-tier1</code> is equivalent to <code>make test TEST="tier1"</code>, but the latter is more tab-completion friendly. For more complex test runs, the <code>test TEST="x"</code> solution needs to be used.</p>
 <p>The test specifications given in <code>TEST</code> is parsed into fully qualified test descriptors, which clearly and unambigously show which tests will be run. As an example, <code>:tier1</code> will expand to <code>jtreg:$(TOPDIR)/test/hotspot/jtreg:tier1 jtreg:$(TOPDIR)/test/jdk:tier1 jtreg:$(TOPDIR)/test/langtools:tier1 jtreg:$(TOPDIR)/test/nashorn:tier1 jtreg:$(TOPDIR)/test/jaxp:tier1</code>. You can always submit a list of fully qualified test descriptors in the <code>TEST</code> variable if you want to shortcut the parser.</p>
 <h3 id="jtreg">JTReg</h3>
 <p>JTReg tests can be selected either by picking a JTReg test group, or a selection of files or directories containing JTReg tests.</p>
@@ -102,8 +103,8 @@
 <p>Additional work data is stored in <code>build/$BUILD/test-support/$TEST_ID</code>. For some frameworks, this directory might contain information that is useful in determining the cause of a failed test.</p>
 <h2 id="test-suite-control">Test suite control</h2>
 <p>It is possible to control various aspects of the test suites using make control variables.</p>
-<p>These variables use a keyword=value approach to allow multiple values to be set. So, for instance, <code>JTREG=&quot;JOBS=1;TIMEOUT=8&quot;</code> will set the JTReg concurrency level to 1 and the timeout factor to 8. This is equivalent to setting <code>JTREG_JOBS=1 JTREG_TIMEOUT=8</code>, but using the keyword format means that the <code>JTREG</code> variable is parsed and verified for correctness, so <code>JTREG=&quot;TMIEOUT=8&quot;</code> would give an error, while <code>JTREG_TMIEOUT=8</code> would just pass unnoticed.</p>
-<p>To separate multiple keyword=value pairs, use <code>;</code> (semicolon). Since the shell normally eats <code>;</code>, the recommended usage is to write the assignment inside qoutes, e.g. <code>JTREG=&quot;...;...&quot;</code>. This will also make sure spaces are preserved, as in <code>JTREG=&quot;VM_OPTIONS=-XshowSettings -Xlog:gc+ref=debug&quot;</code>.</p>
+<p>These variables use a keyword=value approach to allow multiple values to be set. So, for instance, <code>JTREG="JOBS=1;TIMEOUT=8"</code> will set the JTReg concurrency level to 1 and the timeout factor to 8. This is equivalent to setting <code>JTREG_JOBS=1 JTREG_TIMEOUT=8</code>, but using the keyword format means that the <code>JTREG</code> variable is parsed and verified for correctness, so <code>JTREG="TMIEOUT=8"</code> would give an error, while <code>JTREG_TMIEOUT=8</code> would just pass unnoticed.</p>
+<p>To separate multiple keyword=value pairs, use <code>;</code> (semicolon). Since the shell normally eats <code>;</code>, the recommended usage is to write the assignment inside qoutes, e.g. <code>JTREG="...;..."</code>. This will also make sure spaces are preserved, as in <code>JTREG="VM_OPTIONS=-XshowSettings -Xlog:gc+ref=debug"</code>.</p>
 <p>(Other ways are possible, e.g. using backslash: <code>JTREG=JOBS=1\;TIMEOUT=8</code>. Also, as a special technique, the string <code>%20</code> will be replaced with space for certain options, e.g. <code>JTREG=VM_OPTIONS=-XshowSettings%20-Xlog:gc+ref=debug</code>. This can be useful if you have layers of scripts and have trouble getting proper quoting of command line arguments through.)</p>
 <p>As far as possible, the names of the keywords have been standardized between test suites.</p>
 <h3 id="general-keywords-test_opts">General keywords (TEST_OPTS)</h3>
@@ -155,7 +156,7 @@
 <p>The file names should be either absolute, or relative to the JTReg test root of the tests to be run.</p>
 <h4 id="options">OPTIONS</h4>
 <p>Additional options to the JTReg test framework.</p>
-<p>Use <code>JTREG=&quot;OPTIONS=--help all&quot;</code> to see all available JTReg options.</p>
+<p>Use <code>JTREG="OPTIONS=--help all"</code> to see all available JTReg options.</p>
 <h4 id="java_options-1">JAVA_OPTIONS</h4>
 <p>Additional Java options to JTReg (<code>-javaoption</code>).</p>
 <h4 id="vm_options-1">VM_OPTIONS</h4>
@@ -168,7 +169,7 @@
 <p>Default is 1. Set to -1 to repeat indefinitely. This can be especially useful combined with <code>OPTIONS=--gtest_break_on_failure</code> to reproduce an intermittent problem.</p>
 <h4 id="options-1">OPTIONS</h4>
 <p>Additional options to the Gtest test framework.</p>
-<p>Use <code>GTEST=&quot;OPTIONS=--help&quot;</code> to see all available Gtest options.</p>
+<p>Use <code>GTEST="OPTIONS=--help"</code> to see all available Gtest options.</p>
 <h4 id="aot_modules-2">AOT_MODULES</h4>
 <p>Generate AOT modules before testing for the specified module, or set of modules. If multiple modules are specified, they should be separated by space (or, to help avoid quoting issues, the special value <code>%20</code>).</p>
 <h3 id="microbenchmark-keywords">Microbenchmark keywords</h3>
@@ -194,5 +195,9 @@
 <pre><code>$ make test TEST=&quot;jtreg:test/hotspot/jtreg/containers/docker&quot;</code></pre>
 <p>To run these tests correctly, additional parameters for the correct docker image are required on Ubuntu 18.04 by using <code>JAVA_OPTIONS</code>.</p>
 <pre><code>$ make test TEST=&quot;jtreg:test/hotspot/jtreg/containers/docker&quot; JTREG=&quot;JAVA_OPTIONS=-Djdk.test.docker.image.name=ubuntu -Djdk.test.docker.image.version=latest&quot;</code></pre>
+<h3 id="non-us-locale">Non-US locale</h3>
+<p>If your locale is non-US, some tests are likely to fail. To work around this you can set the locale to US. On Unix platforms simply setting <code>LANG="en_US"</code> in the environment before running tests should work. On Windows, setting <code>JTREG="VM_OPTIONS=-Duser.language=en -Duser.country=US"</code> helps for most, but not all test cases. For example:</p>
+<pre><code>$export LANG=&quot;en_US&quot; &amp;&amp; make test TEST=...
+$make test JTREG=&quot;VM_OPTIONS=-Duser.language=en -Duser.country=US&quot; TEST=...</code></pre>
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