1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 package java.net;
  27 
  28 import java.io.IOException;
  29 import java.io.InvalidObjectException;
  30 import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
  31 import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
  32 import java.io.ObjectStreamField;
  33 import java.util.Enumeration;
  34 import java.util.Arrays;
  35 
  36 /**
  37  * This class represents an Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) address.
  38  * Defined by <a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2373.txt">
  39  * <i>RFC&nbsp;2373: IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture</i></a>.
  40  *
  41  * <h3> <a id="format">Textual representation of IP addresses</a> </h3>
  42  *
  43  * Textual representation of IPv6 address used as input to methods
  44  * takes one of the following forms:
  45  *
  46  * <ol>
  47  *   <li><p> <a id="lform">The preferred form</a> is x:x:x:x:x:x:x:x,
  48  *   where the 'x's are
  49  *   the hexadecimal values of the eight 16-bit pieces of the
  50  *   address. This is the full form.  For example,
  51  *
  52  *   <blockquote><ul style="list-style-type:none">
  53  *   <li>{@code 1080:0:0:0:8:800:200C:417A}</li>
  54  *   </ul></blockquote>
  55  *
  56  *   <p> Note that it is not necessary to write the leading zeros in
  57  *   an individual field. However, there must be at least one numeral
  58  *   in every field, except as described below.</li>
  59  *
  60  *   <li><p> Due to some methods of allocating certain styles of IPv6
  61  *   addresses, it will be common for addresses to contain long
  62  *   strings of zero bits. In order to make writing addresses
  63  *   containing zero bits easier, a special syntax is available to
  64  *   compress the zeros. The use of "::" indicates multiple groups
  65  *   of 16-bits of zeros. The "::" can only appear once in an address.
  66  *   The "::" can also be used to compress the leading and/or trailing
  67  *   zeros in an address. For example,
  68  *
  69  *   <blockquote><ul style="list-style-type:none">
  70  *   <li>{@code 1080::8:800:200C:417A}</li>
  71  *   </ul></blockquote>
  72  *
  73  *   <li><p> An alternative form that is sometimes more convenient
  74  *   when dealing with a mixed environment of IPv4 and IPv6 nodes is
  75  *   x:x:x:x:x:x:d.d.d.d, where the 'x's are the hexadecimal values
  76  *   of the six high-order 16-bit pieces of the address, and the 'd's
  77  *   are the decimal values of the four low-order 8-bit pieces of the
  78  *   standard IPv4 representation address, for example,
  79  *
  80  *   <blockquote><ul style="list-style-type:none">
  81  *   <li>{@code ::FFFF:129.144.52.38}</li>
  82  *   <li>{@code ::129.144.52.38}</li>
  83  *   </ul></blockquote>
  84  *
  85  *   <p> where "::FFFF:d.d.d.d" and "::d.d.d.d" are, respectively, the
  86  *   general forms of an IPv4-mapped IPv6 address and an
  87  *   IPv4-compatible IPv6 address. Note that the IPv4 portion must be
  88  *   in the "d.d.d.d" form. The following forms are invalid:
  89  *
  90  *   <blockquote><ul style="list-style-type:none">
  91  *   <li>{@code ::FFFF:d.d.d}</li>
  92  *   <li>{@code ::FFFF:d.d}</li>
  93  *   <li>{@code ::d.d.d}</li>
  94  *   <li>{@code ::d.d}</li>
  95  *   </ul></blockquote>
  96  *
  97  *   <p> The following form:
  98  *
  99  *   <blockquote><ul style="list-style-type:none">
 100  *   <li>{@code ::FFFF:d}</li>
 101  *   </ul></blockquote>
 102  *
 103  *   <p> is valid, however it is an unconventional representation of
 104  *   the IPv4-compatible IPv6 address,
 105  *
 106  *   <blockquote><ul style="list-style-type:none">
 107  *   <li>{@code ::255.255.0.d}</li>
 108  *   </ul></blockquote>
 109  *
 110  *   <p> while "::d" corresponds to the general IPv6 address
 111  *   "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:d".</li>
 112  * </ol>
 113  *
 114  * <p> For methods that return a textual representation as output
 115  * value, the full form is used. Inet6Address will return the full
 116  * form because it is unambiguous when used in combination with other
 117  * textual data.
 118  *
 119  * <h4> Special IPv6 address </h4>
 120  *
 121  * <blockquote>
 122  * <table class="borderless">
 123  * <caption style="display:none">Description of IPv4-mapped address</caption>
 124  * <tr><th style="vertical-align:top; padding-right:2px"><i>IPv4-mapped address</i></th>
 125  *         <td>Of the form ::ffff:w.x.y.z, this IPv6 address is used to
 126  *         represent an IPv4 address. It allows the native program to
 127  *         use the same address data structure and also the same
 128  *         socket when communicating with both IPv4 and IPv6 nodes.
 129  *
 130  *         <p>In InetAddress and Inet6Address, it is used for internal
 131  *         representation; it has no functional role. Java will never
 132  *         return an IPv4-mapped address.  These classes can take an
 133  *         IPv4-mapped address as input, both in byte array and text
 134  *         representation. However, it will be converted into an IPv4
 135  *         address.</td></tr>
 136  * </table></blockquote>
 137  *
 138  * <h4><a id="scoped">Textual representation of IPv6 scoped addresses</a></h4>
 139  *
 140  * <p> The textual representation of IPv6 addresses as described above can be
 141  * extended to specify IPv6 scoped addresses. This extension to the basic
 142  * addressing architecture is described in [draft-ietf-ipngwg-scoping-arch-04.txt].
 143  *
 144  * <p> Because link-local and site-local addresses are non-global, it is possible
 145  * that different hosts may have the same destination address and may be
 146  * reachable through different interfaces on the same originating system. In
 147  * this case, the originating system is said to be connected to multiple zones
 148  * of the same scope. In order to disambiguate which is the intended destination
 149  * zone, it is possible to append a zone identifier (or <i>scope_id</i>) to an
 150  * IPv6 address.
 151  *
 152  * <p> The general format for specifying the <i>scope_id</i> is the following:
 153  *
 154  * <blockquote><i>IPv6-address</i>%<i>scope_id</i></blockquote>
 155  * <p> The IPv6-address is a literal IPv6 address as described above.
 156  * The <i>scope_id</i> refers to an interface on the local system, and it can be
 157  * specified in two ways.
 158  * <ol><li><i>As a numeric identifier.</i> This must be a positive integer
 159  * that identifies the particular interface and scope as understood by the
 160  * system. Usually, the numeric values can be determined through administration
 161  * tools on the system. Each interface may have multiple values, one for each
 162  * scope. If the scope is unspecified, then the default value used is zero.</li>
 163  * <li><i>As a string.</i> This must be the exact string that is returned by
 164  * {@link java.net.NetworkInterface#getName()} for the particular interface in
 165  * question. When an Inet6Address is created in this way, the numeric scope-id
 166  * is determined at the time the object is created by querying the relevant
 167  * NetworkInterface.</li></ol>
 168  *
 169  * <p> Note also, that the numeric <i>scope_id</i> can be retrieved from
 170  * Inet6Address instances returned from the NetworkInterface class. This can be
 171  * used to find out the current scope ids configured on the system.
 172  * @since 1.4
 173  */
 174 
 175 public final
 176 class Inet6Address extends InetAddress {
 177     static final int INADDRSZ = 16;
 178 
 179     /*
 180      * cached scope_id - for link-local address use only.
 181      */
 182     private transient int cached_scope_id;  // 0
 183 
 184     private class Inet6AddressHolder {
 185 
 186         private Inet6AddressHolder() {
 187             ipaddress = new byte[INADDRSZ];
 188         }
 189 
 190         private Inet6AddressHolder(
 191             byte[] ipaddress, int scope_id, boolean scope_id_set,
 192             NetworkInterface ifname, boolean scope_ifname_set)
 193         {
 194             this.ipaddress = ipaddress;
 195             this.scope_id = scope_id;
 196             this.scope_id_set = scope_id_set;
 197             this.scope_ifname_set = scope_ifname_set;
 198             this.scope_ifname = ifname;
 199         }
 200 
 201         /**
 202          * Holds a 128-bit (16 bytes) IPv6 address.
 203          */
 204         byte[] ipaddress;
 205 
 206         /**
 207          * scope_id. The scope specified when the object is created. If the object
 208          * is created with an interface name, then the scope_id is not determined
 209          * until the time it is needed.
 210          */
 211         int scope_id;  // 0
 212 
 213         /**
 214          * This will be set to true when the scope_id field contains a valid
 215          * integer scope_id.
 216          */
 217         boolean scope_id_set;  // false
 218 
 219         /**
 220          * scoped interface. scope_id is derived from this as the scope_id of the first
 221          * address whose scope is the same as this address for the named interface.
 222          */
 223         NetworkInterface scope_ifname;  // null
 224 
 225         /**
 226          * set if the object is constructed with a scoped
 227          * interface instead of a numeric scope id.
 228          */
 229         boolean scope_ifname_set; // false;
 230 
 231         void setAddr(byte addr[]) {
 232             if (addr.length == INADDRSZ) { // normal IPv6 address
 233                 System.arraycopy(addr, 0, ipaddress, 0, INADDRSZ);
 234             }
 235         }
 236 
 237         void init(byte addr[], int scope_id) {
 238             setAddr(addr);
 239 
 240             if (scope_id >= 0) {
 241                 this.scope_id = scope_id;
 242                 this.scope_id_set = true;
 243             }
 244         }
 245 
 246         void init(byte addr[], NetworkInterface nif)
 247             throws UnknownHostException
 248         {
 249             setAddr(addr);
 250 
 251             if (nif != null) {
 252                 this.scope_id = deriveNumericScope(ipaddress, nif);
 253                 this.scope_id_set = true;
 254                 this.scope_ifname = nif;
 255                 this.scope_ifname_set = true;
 256             }
 257         }
 258 
 259         String getHostAddress() {
 260             String s = numericToTextFormat(ipaddress);
 261             if (scope_ifname != null) { /* must check this first */
 262                 s = s + "%" + scope_ifname.getName();
 263             } else if (scope_id_set) {
 264                 s = s + "%" + scope_id;
 265             }
 266             return s;
 267         }
 268 
 269         public boolean equals(Object o) {
 270             if (! (o instanceof Inet6AddressHolder)) {
 271                 return false;
 272             }
 273             Inet6AddressHolder that = (Inet6AddressHolder)o;
 274 
 275             return Arrays.equals(this.ipaddress, that.ipaddress);
 276         }
 277 
 278         public int hashCode() {
 279             if (ipaddress != null) {
 280 
 281                 int hash = 0;
 282                 int i=0;
 283                 while (i<INADDRSZ) {
 284                     int j=0;
 285                     int component=0;
 286                     while (j<4 && i<INADDRSZ) {
 287                         component = (component << 8) + ipaddress[i];
 288                         j++;
 289                         i++;
 290                     }
 291                     hash += component;
 292                 }
 293                 return hash;
 294 
 295             } else {
 296                 return 0;
 297             }
 298         }
 299 
 300         boolean isIPv4CompatibleAddress() {
 301             if ((ipaddress[0] == 0x00) && (ipaddress[1] == 0x00) &&
 302                 (ipaddress[2] == 0x00) && (ipaddress[3] == 0x00) &&
 303                 (ipaddress[4] == 0x00) && (ipaddress[5] == 0x00) &&
 304                 (ipaddress[6] == 0x00) && (ipaddress[7] == 0x00) &&
 305                 (ipaddress[8] == 0x00) && (ipaddress[9] == 0x00) &&
 306                 (ipaddress[10] == 0x00) && (ipaddress[11] == 0x00))  {
 307                 return true;
 308             }
 309             return false;
 310         }
 311 
 312         boolean isMulticastAddress() {
 313             return ((ipaddress[0] & 0xff) == 0xff);
 314         }
 315 
 316         boolean isAnyLocalAddress() {
 317             byte test = 0x00;
 318             for (int i = 0; i < INADDRSZ; i++) {
 319                 test |= ipaddress[i];
 320             }
 321             return (test == 0x00);
 322         }
 323 
 324         boolean isLoopbackAddress() {
 325             byte test = 0x00;
 326             for (int i = 0; i < 15; i++) {
 327                 test |= ipaddress[i];
 328             }
 329             return (test == 0x00) && (ipaddress[15] == 0x01);
 330         }
 331 
 332         boolean isLinkLocalAddress() {
 333             return ((ipaddress[0] & 0xff) == 0xfe
 334                     && (ipaddress[1] & 0xc0) == 0x80);
 335         }
 336 
 337 
 338         boolean isSiteLocalAddress() {
 339             return ((ipaddress[0] & 0xff) == 0xfe
 340                     && (ipaddress[1] & 0xc0) == 0xc0);
 341         }
 342 
 343         boolean isMCGlobal() {
 344             return ((ipaddress[0] & 0xff) == 0xff
 345                     && (ipaddress[1] & 0x0f) == 0x0e);
 346         }
 347 
 348         boolean isMCNodeLocal() {
 349             return ((ipaddress[0] & 0xff) == 0xff
 350                     && (ipaddress[1] & 0x0f) == 0x01);
 351         }
 352 
 353         boolean isMCLinkLocal() {
 354             return ((ipaddress[0] & 0xff) == 0xff
 355                     && (ipaddress[1] & 0x0f) == 0x02);
 356         }
 357 
 358         boolean isMCSiteLocal() {
 359             return ((ipaddress[0] & 0xff) == 0xff
 360                     && (ipaddress[1] & 0x0f) == 0x05);
 361         }
 362 
 363         boolean isMCOrgLocal() {
 364             return ((ipaddress[0] & 0xff) == 0xff
 365                     && (ipaddress[1] & 0x0f) == 0x08);
 366         }
 367     }
 368 
 369     private final transient Inet6AddressHolder holder6;
 370 
 371     private static final long serialVersionUID = 6880410070516793377L;
 372 
 373     // Perform native initialization
 374     static { init(); }
 375 
 376     Inet6Address() {
 377         super();
 378         holder.init(null, IPv6);
 379         holder6 = new Inet6AddressHolder();
 380     }
 381 
 382     /* checking of value for scope_id should be done by caller
 383      * scope_id must be >= 0, or -1 to indicate not being set
 384      */
 385     Inet6Address(String hostName, byte addr[], int scope_id) {
 386         holder.init(hostName, IPv6);
 387         holder6 = new Inet6AddressHolder();
 388         holder6.init(addr, scope_id);
 389     }
 390 
 391     Inet6Address(String hostName, byte addr[]) {
 392         holder6 = new Inet6AddressHolder();
 393         try {
 394             initif (hostName, addr, null);
 395         } catch (UnknownHostException e) {} /* cant happen if ifname is null */
 396     }
 397 
 398     Inet6Address (String hostName, byte addr[], NetworkInterface nif)
 399         throws UnknownHostException
 400     {
 401         holder6 = new Inet6AddressHolder();
 402         initif (hostName, addr, nif);
 403     }
 404 
 405     Inet6Address (String hostName, byte addr[], String ifname)
 406         throws UnknownHostException
 407     {
 408         holder6 = new Inet6AddressHolder();
 409         initstr (hostName, addr, ifname);
 410     }
 411 
 412     /**
 413      * Create an Inet6Address in the exact manner of {@link
 414      * InetAddress#getByAddress(String,byte[])} except that the IPv6 scope_id is
 415      * set to the value corresponding to the given interface for the address
 416      * type specified in {@code addr}. The call will fail with an
 417      * UnknownHostException if the given interface does not have a numeric
 418      * scope_id assigned for the given address type (eg. link-local or site-local).
 419      * See <a href="Inet6Address.html#scoped">here</a> for a description of IPv6
 420      * scoped addresses.
 421      *
 422      * @param host the specified host
 423      * @param addr the raw IP address in network byte order
 424      * @param nif an interface this address must be associated with.
 425      * @return  an Inet6Address object created from the raw IP address.
 426      * @throws  UnknownHostException
 427      *          if IP address is of illegal length, or if the interface does not
 428      *          have a numeric scope_id assigned for the given address type.
 429      *
 430      * @since 1.5
 431      */
 432     public static Inet6Address getByAddress(String host, byte[] addr,
 433                                             NetworkInterface nif)
 434         throws UnknownHostException
 435     {
 436         if (host != null && host.length() > 0 && host.charAt(0) == '[') {
 437             if (host.charAt(host.length()-1) == ']') {
 438                 host = host.substring(1, host.length() -1);
 439             }
 440         }
 441         if (addr != null) {
 442             if (addr.length == Inet6Address.INADDRSZ) {
 443                 return new Inet6Address(host, addr, nif);
 444             }
 445         }
 446         throw new UnknownHostException("addr is of illegal length");
 447     }
 448 
 449     /**
 450      * Create an Inet6Address in the exact manner of {@link
 451      * InetAddress#getByAddress(String,byte[])} except that the IPv6 scope_id is
 452      * set to the given numeric value. The scope_id is not checked to determine
 453      * if it corresponds to any interface on the system.
 454      * See <a href="Inet6Address.html#scoped">here</a> for a description of IPv6
 455      * scoped addresses.
 456      *
 457      * @param host the specified host
 458      * @param addr the raw IP address in network byte order
 459      * @param scope_id the numeric scope_id for the address.
 460      * @return  an Inet6Address object created from the raw IP address.
 461      * @throws  UnknownHostException  if IP address is of illegal length.
 462      *
 463      * @since 1.5
 464      */
 465     public static Inet6Address getByAddress(String host, byte[] addr,
 466                                             int scope_id)
 467         throws UnknownHostException
 468     {
 469         if (host != null && host.length() > 0 && host.charAt(0) == '[') {
 470             if (host.charAt(host.length()-1) == ']') {
 471                 host = host.substring(1, host.length() -1);
 472             }
 473         }
 474         if (addr != null) {
 475             if (addr.length == Inet6Address.INADDRSZ) {
 476                 return new Inet6Address(host, addr, scope_id);
 477             }
 478         }
 479         throw new UnknownHostException("addr is of illegal length");
 480     }
 481 
 482     private void initstr(String hostName, byte addr[], String ifname)
 483         throws UnknownHostException
 484     {
 485         try {
 486             NetworkInterface nif = NetworkInterface.getByName (ifname);
 487             if (nif == null) {
 488                 throw new UnknownHostException ("no such interface " + ifname);
 489             }
 490             initif (hostName, addr, nif);
 491         } catch (SocketException e) {
 492             throw new UnknownHostException ("SocketException thrown" + ifname);
 493         }
 494     }
 495 
 496     private void initif(String hostName, byte addr[], NetworkInterface nif)
 497         throws UnknownHostException
 498     {
 499         int family = -1;
 500         holder6.init(addr, nif);
 501 
 502         if (addr.length == INADDRSZ) { // normal IPv6 address
 503             family = IPv6;
 504         }
 505         holder.init(hostName, family);
 506     }
 507 
 508     /* check the two Ipv6 addresses and return false if they are both
 509      * non global address types, but not the same.
 510      * (ie. one is sitelocal and the other linklocal)
 511      * return true otherwise.
 512      */
 513 
 514     private static boolean isDifferentLocalAddressType(
 515         byte[] thisAddr, byte[] otherAddr) {
 516 
 517         if (Inet6Address.isLinkLocalAddress(thisAddr) &&
 518                 !Inet6Address.isLinkLocalAddress(otherAddr)) {
 519             return false;
 520         }
 521         if (Inet6Address.isSiteLocalAddress(thisAddr) &&
 522                 !Inet6Address.isSiteLocalAddress(otherAddr)) {
 523             return false;
 524         }
 525         return true;
 526     }
 527 
 528     private static int deriveNumericScope (byte[] thisAddr, NetworkInterface ifc) throws UnknownHostException {
 529         Enumeration<InetAddress> addresses = ifc.getInetAddresses();
 530         while (addresses.hasMoreElements()) {
 531             InetAddress addr = addresses.nextElement();
 532             if (!(addr instanceof Inet6Address)) {
 533                 continue;
 534             }
 535             Inet6Address ia6_addr = (Inet6Address)addr;
 536             /* check if site or link local prefixes match */
 537             if (!isDifferentLocalAddressType(thisAddr, ia6_addr.getAddress())){
 538                 /* type not the same, so carry on searching */
 539                 continue;
 540             }
 541             /* found a matching address - return its scope_id */
 542             return ia6_addr.getScopeId();
 543         }
 544         throw new UnknownHostException ("no scope_id found");
 545     }
 546 
 547     private int deriveNumericScope (String ifname) throws UnknownHostException {
 548         Enumeration<NetworkInterface> en;
 549         try {
 550             en = NetworkInterface.getNetworkInterfaces();
 551         } catch (SocketException e) {
 552             throw new UnknownHostException ("could not enumerate local network interfaces");
 553         }
 554         while (en.hasMoreElements()) {
 555             NetworkInterface ifc = en.nextElement();
 556             if (ifc.getName().equals (ifname)) {
 557                 return deriveNumericScope(holder6.ipaddress, ifc);
 558             }
 559         }
 560         throw new UnknownHostException ("No matching address found for interface : " +ifname);
 561     }
 562 
 563     /**
 564      * @serialField ipaddress byte[]
 565      * @serialField scope_id int
 566      * @serialField scope_id_set boolean
 567      * @serialField scope_ifname_set boolean
 568      * @serialField ifname String
 569      */
 570 
 571     private static final ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields = {
 572          new ObjectStreamField("ipaddress", byte[].class),
 573          new ObjectStreamField("scope_id", int.class),
 574          new ObjectStreamField("scope_id_set", boolean.class),
 575          new ObjectStreamField("scope_ifname_set", boolean.class),
 576          new ObjectStreamField("ifname", String.class)
 577     };
 578 
 579     private static final jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe UNSAFE
 580             = jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe.getUnsafe();
 581     private static final long FIELDS_OFFSET = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset(
 582                 Inet6Address.class, "holder6");
 583 
 584     /**
 585      * restore the state of this object from stream
 586      * including the scope information, only if the
 587      * scoped interface name is valid on this system
 588      */
 589     private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s)
 590         throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException {
 591         NetworkInterface scope_ifname = null;
 592 
 593         if (getClass().getClassLoader() != null) {
 594             throw new SecurityException ("invalid address type");
 595         }
 596 
 597         ObjectInputStream.GetField gf = s.readFields();
 598         byte[] ipaddress = (byte[])gf.get("ipaddress", new byte[0]);
 599         int scope_id = gf.get("scope_id", -1);
 600         boolean scope_id_set = gf.get("scope_id_set", false);
 601         boolean scope_ifname_set = gf.get("scope_ifname_set", false);
 602         String ifname = (String)gf.get("ifname", null);
 603 
 604         if (ifname != null && !"".equals (ifname)) {
 605             try {
 606                 scope_ifname = NetworkInterface.getByName(ifname);
 607                 if (scope_ifname == null) {
 608                     /* the interface does not exist on this system, so we clear
 609                      * the scope information completely */
 610                     scope_id_set = false;
 611                     scope_ifname_set = false;
 612                     scope_id = 0;
 613                 } else {
 614                     scope_ifname_set = true;
 615                     try {
 616                         scope_id = deriveNumericScope (ipaddress, scope_ifname);
 617                     } catch (UnknownHostException e) {
 618                         // typically should not happen, but it may be that
 619                         // the machine being used for deserialization has
 620                         // the same interface name but without IPv6 configured.
 621                     }
 622                 }
 623             } catch (SocketException e) {}
 624         }
 625 
 626         /* if ifname was not supplied, then the numeric info is used */
 627 
 628         ipaddress = ipaddress.clone();
 629 
 630         // Check that our invariants are satisfied
 631         if (ipaddress.length != INADDRSZ) {
 632             throw new InvalidObjectException("invalid address length: "+
 633                                              ipaddress.length);
 634         }
 635 
 636         if (holder.getFamily() != IPv6) {
 637             throw new InvalidObjectException("invalid address family type");
 638         }
 639 
 640         Inet6AddressHolder h = new Inet6AddressHolder(
 641             ipaddress, scope_id, scope_id_set, scope_ifname, scope_ifname_set
 642         );
 643 
 644         UNSAFE.putReference(this, FIELDS_OFFSET, h);
 645     }
 646 
 647     /**
 648      * default behavior is overridden in order to write the
 649      * scope_ifname field as a String, rather than a NetworkInterface
 650      * which is not serializable
 651      */
 652     private synchronized void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream s)
 653         throws IOException
 654     {
 655             String ifname = null;
 656 
 657         if (holder6.scope_ifname != null) {
 658             ifname = holder6.scope_ifname.getName();
 659             holder6.scope_ifname_set = true;
 660         }
 661         ObjectOutputStream.PutField pfields = s.putFields();
 662         pfields.put("ipaddress", holder6.ipaddress);
 663         pfields.put("scope_id", holder6.scope_id);
 664         pfields.put("scope_id_set", holder6.scope_id_set);
 665         pfields.put("scope_ifname_set", holder6.scope_ifname_set);
 666         pfields.put("ifname", ifname);
 667         s.writeFields();
 668     }
 669 
 670     /**
 671      * Utility routine to check if the InetAddress is an IP multicast
 672      * address. 11111111 at the start of the address identifies the
 673      * address as being a multicast address.
 674      *
 675      * @return a {@code boolean} indicating if the InetAddress is an IP
 676      *         multicast address
 677      */
 678     @Override
 679     public boolean isMulticastAddress() {
 680         return holder6.isMulticastAddress();
 681     }
 682 
 683     /**
 684      * Utility routine to check if the InetAddress is a wildcard address.
 685      *
 686      * @return a {@code boolean} indicating if the Inetaddress is
 687      *         a wildcard address.
 688      */
 689     @Override
 690     public boolean isAnyLocalAddress() {
 691         return holder6.isAnyLocalAddress();
 692     }
 693 
 694     /**
 695      * Utility routine to check if the InetAddress is a loopback address.
 696      *
 697      * @return a {@code boolean} indicating if the InetAddress is a loopback
 698      *         address; or false otherwise.
 699      */
 700     @Override
 701     public boolean isLoopbackAddress() {
 702         return holder6.isLoopbackAddress();
 703     }
 704 
 705     /**
 706      * Utility routine to check if the InetAddress is an link local address.
 707      *
 708      * @return a {@code boolean} indicating if the InetAddress is a link local
 709      *         address; or false if address is not a link local unicast address.
 710      */
 711     @Override
 712     public boolean isLinkLocalAddress() {
 713         return holder6.isLinkLocalAddress();
 714     }
 715 
 716     /* static version of above */
 717     static boolean isLinkLocalAddress(byte[] ipaddress) {
 718         return ((ipaddress[0] & 0xff) == 0xfe
 719                 && (ipaddress[1] & 0xc0) == 0x80);
 720     }
 721 
 722     /**
 723      * Utility routine to check if the InetAddress is a site local address.
 724      *
 725      * @return a {@code boolean} indicating if the InetAddress is a site local
 726      *         address; or false if address is not a site local unicast address.
 727      */
 728     @Override
 729     public boolean isSiteLocalAddress() {
 730         return holder6.isSiteLocalAddress();
 731     }
 732 
 733     /* static version of above */
 734     static boolean isSiteLocalAddress(byte[] ipaddress) {
 735         return ((ipaddress[0] & 0xff) == 0xfe
 736                 && (ipaddress[1] & 0xc0) == 0xc0);
 737     }
 738 
 739     /**
 740      * Utility routine to check if the multicast address has global scope.
 741      *
 742      * @return a {@code boolean} indicating if the address has is a multicast
 743      *         address of global scope, false if it is not of global scope or
 744      *         it is not a multicast address
 745      */
 746     @Override
 747     public boolean isMCGlobal() {
 748         return holder6.isMCGlobal();
 749     }
 750 
 751     /**
 752      * Utility routine to check if the multicast address has node scope.
 753      *
 754      * @return a {@code boolean} indicating if the address has is a multicast
 755      *         address of node-local scope, false if it is not of node-local
 756      *         scope or it is not a multicast address
 757      */
 758     @Override
 759     public boolean isMCNodeLocal() {
 760         return holder6.isMCNodeLocal();
 761     }
 762 
 763     /**
 764      * Utility routine to check if the multicast address has link scope.
 765      *
 766      * @return a {@code boolean} indicating if the address has is a multicast
 767      *         address of link-local scope, false if it is not of link-local
 768      *         scope or it is not a multicast address
 769      */
 770     @Override
 771     public boolean isMCLinkLocal() {
 772         return holder6.isMCLinkLocal();
 773     }
 774 
 775     /**
 776      * Utility routine to check if the multicast address has site scope.
 777      *
 778      * @return a {@code boolean} indicating if the address has is a multicast
 779      *         address of site-local scope, false if it is not  of site-local
 780      *         scope or it is not a multicast address
 781      */
 782     @Override
 783     public boolean isMCSiteLocal() {
 784         return holder6.isMCSiteLocal();
 785     }
 786 
 787     /**
 788      * Utility routine to check if the multicast address has organization scope.
 789      *
 790      * @return a {@code boolean} indicating if the address has is a multicast
 791      *         address of organization-local scope, false if it is not of
 792      *         organization-local scope or it is not a multicast address
 793      */
 794     @Override
 795     public boolean isMCOrgLocal() {
 796         return holder6.isMCOrgLocal();
 797     }
 798     /**
 799      * Returns the raw IP address of this {@code InetAddress} object. The result
 800      * is in network byte order: the highest order byte of the address is in
 801      * {@code getAddress()[0]}.
 802      *
 803      * @return  the raw IP address of this object.
 804      */
 805     @Override
 806     public byte[] getAddress() {
 807         return holder6.ipaddress.clone();
 808     }
 809 
 810     /**
 811      * Returns the numeric scopeId, if this instance is associated with
 812      * an interface. If no scoped_id is set, the returned value is zero.
 813      *
 814      * @return the scopeId, or zero if not set.
 815      *
 816      * @since 1.5
 817      */
 818      public int getScopeId() {
 819         return holder6.scope_id;
 820      }
 821 
 822     /**
 823      * Returns the scoped interface, if this instance was created with
 824      * with a scoped interface.
 825      *
 826      * @return the scoped interface, or null if not set.
 827      * @since 1.5
 828      */
 829      public NetworkInterface getScopedInterface() {
 830         return holder6.scope_ifname;
 831      }
 832 
 833     /**
 834      * Returns the IP address string in textual presentation. If the instance
 835      * was created specifying a scope identifier then the scope id is appended
 836      * to the IP address preceded by a "%" (per-cent) character. This can be
 837      * either a numeric value or a string, depending on which was used to create
 838      * the instance.
 839      *
 840      * @return  the raw IP address in a string format.
 841      */
 842     @Override
 843     public String getHostAddress() {
 844         return holder6.getHostAddress();
 845     }
 846 
 847     /**
 848      * Returns a hashcode for this IP address.
 849      *
 850      * @return  a hash code value for this IP address.
 851      */
 852     @Override
 853     public int hashCode() {
 854         return holder6.hashCode();
 855     }
 856 
 857     /**
 858      * Compares this object against the specified object. The result is {@code
 859      * true} if and only if the argument is not {@code null} and it represents
 860      * the same IP address as this object.
 861      *
 862      * <p> Two instances of {@code InetAddress} represent the same IP address
 863      * if the length of the byte arrays returned by {@code getAddress} is the
 864      * same for both, and each of the array components is the same for the byte
 865      * arrays.
 866      *
 867      * @param   obj   the object to compare against.
 868      *
 869      * @return  {@code true} if the objects are the same; {@code false} otherwise.
 870      *
 871      * @see     java.net.InetAddress#getAddress()
 872      */
 873     @Override
 874     public boolean equals(Object obj) {
 875         if (obj == null || !(obj instanceof Inet6Address))
 876             return false;
 877 
 878         Inet6Address inetAddr = (Inet6Address)obj;
 879 
 880         return holder6.equals(inetAddr.holder6);
 881     }
 882 
 883     /**
 884      * Utility routine to check if the InetAddress is an
 885      * IPv4 compatible IPv6 address.
 886      *
 887      * @return a {@code boolean} indicating if the InetAddress is an IPv4
 888      *         compatible IPv6 address; or false if address is IPv4 address.
 889      */
 890     public boolean isIPv4CompatibleAddress() {
 891         return holder6.isIPv4CompatibleAddress();
 892     }
 893 
 894     // Utilities
 895 
 896     private static final int INT16SZ = 2;
 897 
 898     /**
 899      * Convert IPv6 binary address into presentation (printable) format.
 900      *
 901      * @param src a byte array representing the IPv6 numeric address
 902      * @return a String representing an IPv6 address in
 903      *         textual representation format
 904      */
 905     static String numericToTextFormat(byte[] src) {
 906         StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(39);
 907         for (int i = 0; i < (INADDRSZ / INT16SZ); i++) {
 908             sb.append(Integer.toHexString(((src[i<<1]<<8) & 0xff00)
 909                                           | (src[(i<<1)+1] & 0xff)));
 910             if (i < (INADDRSZ / INT16SZ) -1 ) {
 911                sb.append(":");
 912             }
 913         }
 914         return sb.toString();
 915     }
 916 
 917     /**
 918      * Perform class load-time initializations.
 919      */
 920     private static native void init();
 921 }