1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1994, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
8 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
9 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
10 *
11 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
14 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
15 * accompanied this code).
16 *
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
18 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
19 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20 *
21 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
22 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
23 * questions.
24 */
25
26 package java.lang;
27
28 import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
29 import java.lang.module.ModuleReader;
30 import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
31 import java.io.IOException;
32 import java.io.InputStream;
33 import java.io.ObjectStreamField;
34 import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement;
35 import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedType;
36 import java.lang.reflect.Array;
37 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
38 import java.lang.reflect.Executable;
39 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
40 import java.lang.reflect.GenericArrayType;
41 import java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration;
42 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
43 import java.lang.reflect.Member;
44 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
45 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
46 import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
47 import java.lang.reflect.Type;
48 import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
49 import java.net.URL;
50 import java.security.AccessController;
51 import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
52 import java.util.ArrayList;
53 import java.util.Collection;
54 import java.util.HashMap;
55 import java.util.HashSet;
56 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
57 import java.util.List;
58 import java.util.Map;
59 import java.util.Objects;
60 import java.util.Set;
61 import java.util.StringJoiner;
62
63 import jdk.internal.HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate;
64 import jdk.internal.loader.BootLoader;
65 import jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader;
66 import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
67 import jdk.internal.misc.VM;
68 import jdk.internal.module.Resources;
69 import jdk.internal.reflect.CallerSensitive;
70 import jdk.internal.reflect.ConstantPool;
71 import jdk.internal.reflect.Reflection;
72 import jdk.internal.reflect.ReflectionFactory;
73 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
74 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.CoreReflectionFactory;
75 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.GenericsFactory;
76 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ClassRepository;
77 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.MethodRepository;
78 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ConstructorRepository;
79 import sun.reflect.generics.scope.ClassScope;
80 import sun.security.util.SecurityConstants;
81 import sun.reflect.annotation.*;
82 import sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil;
83
84 /**
85 * Instances of the class {@code Class} represent classes and
86 * interfaces in a running Java application. An enum is a kind of
87 * class and an annotation is a kind of interface. Every array also
88 * belongs to a class that is reflected as a {@code Class} object
89 * that is shared by all arrays with the same element type and number
90 * of dimensions. The primitive Java types ({@code boolean},
91 * {@code byte}, {@code char}, {@code short},
92 * {@code int}, {@code long}, {@code float}, and
93 * {@code double}), and the keyword {@code void} are also
94 * represented as {@code Class} objects.
95 *
96 * <p> {@code Class} has no public constructor. Instead {@code Class}
97 * objects are constructed automatically by the Java Virtual Machine as classes
98 * are loaded and by calls to the {@code defineClass} method in the class
99 * loader.
100 *
101 * <p> The following example uses a {@code Class} object to print the
102 * class name of an object:
103 *
104 * <blockquote><pre>
105 * void printClassName(Object obj) {
106 * System.out.println("The class of " + obj +
107 * " is " + obj.getClass().getName());
108 * }
109 * </pre></blockquote>
110 *
111 * <p> It is also possible to get the {@code Class} object for a named
112 * type (or for void) using a class literal. See Section 15.8.2 of
113 * <cite>The Java™ Language Specification</cite>.
114 * For example:
115 *
116 * <blockquote>
117 * {@code System.out.println("The name of class Foo is: "+Foo.class.getName());}
118 * </blockquote>
119 *
120 * @param <T> the type of the class modeled by this {@code Class}
121 * object. For example, the type of {@code String.class} is {@code
122 * Class<String>}. Use {@code Class<?>} if the class being modeled is
123 * unknown.
124 *
125 * @author unascribed
126 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#defineClass(byte[], int, int)
127 * @since 1.0
128 */
129 public final class Class<T> implements java.io.Serializable,
130 GenericDeclaration,
131 Type,
132 AnnotatedElement {
133 private static final int ANNOTATION= 0x00002000;
134 private static final int ENUM = 0x00004000;
135 private static final int SYNTHETIC = 0x00001000;
136
137 private static native void registerNatives();
138 static {
139 registerNatives();
140 }
141
142 /*
143 * Private constructor. Only the Java Virtual Machine creates Class objects.
144 * This constructor is not used and prevents the default constructor being
145 * generated.
146 */
147 private Class(ClassLoader loader, Class<?> arrayComponentType) {
148 // Initialize final field for classLoader. The initialization value of non-null
149 // prevents future JIT optimizations from assuming this final field is null.
150 classLoader = loader;
151 componentType = arrayComponentType;
152 }
153
154 /**
155 * Converts the object to a string. The string representation is the
156 * string "class" or "interface", followed by a space, and then by the
157 * fully qualified name of the class in the format returned by
158 * {@code getName}. If this {@code Class} object represents a
159 * primitive type, this method returns the name of the primitive type. If
160 * this {@code Class} object represents void this method returns
161 * "void". If this {@code Class} object represents an array type,
162 * this method returns "class " followed by {@code getName}.
163 *
164 * @return a string representation of this class object.
165 */
166 public String toString() {
167 return (isInterface() ? "interface " : (isPrimitive() ? "" : "class "))
168 + getName();
169 }
170
171 /**
172 * Returns a string describing this {@code Class}, including
173 * information about modifiers and type parameters.
174 *
175 * The string is formatted as a list of type modifiers, if any,
176 * followed by the kind of type (empty string for primitive types
177 * and {@code class}, {@code enum}, {@code interface}, or
178 * <code>@</code>{@code interface}, as appropriate), followed
179 * by the type's name, followed by an angle-bracketed
180 * comma-separated list of the type's type parameters, if any.
181 *
182 * A space is used to separate modifiers from one another and to
183 * separate any modifiers from the kind of type. The modifiers
184 * occur in canonical order. If there are no type parameters, the
185 * type parameter list is elided.
186 *
187 * For an array type, the string starts with the type name,
188 * followed by an angle-bracketed comma-separated list of the
189 * type's type parameters, if any, followed by a sequence of
190 * {@code []} characters, one set of brackets per dimension of
191 * the array.
192 *
193 * <p>Note that since information about the runtime representation
194 * of a type is being generated, modifiers not present on the
195 * originating source code or illegal on the originating source
196 * code may be present.
197 *
198 * @return a string describing this {@code Class}, including
199 * information about modifiers and type parameters
200 *
201 * @since 1.8
202 */
203 public String toGenericString() {
204 if (isPrimitive()) {
205 return toString();
206 } else {
207 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
208 Class<?> component = this;
209 int arrayDepth = 0;
210
211 if (isArray()) {
212 do {
213 arrayDepth++;
214 component = component.getComponentType();
215 } while (component.isArray());
216 sb.append(component.getName());
217 } else {
218 // Class modifiers are a superset of interface modifiers
219 int modifiers = getModifiers() & Modifier.classModifiers();
220 if (modifiers != 0) {
221 sb.append(Modifier.toString(modifiers));
222 sb.append(' ');
223 }
224
225 if (isAnnotation()) {
226 sb.append('@');
227 }
228 if (isInterface()) { // Note: all annotation types are interfaces
229 sb.append("interface");
230 } else {
231 if (isEnum())
232 sb.append("enum");
233 else
234 sb.append("class");
235 }
236 sb.append(' ');
237 sb.append(getName());
238 }
239
240 TypeVariable<?>[] typeparms = component.getTypeParameters();
241 if (typeparms.length > 0) {
242 StringJoiner sj = new StringJoiner(",", "<", ">");
243 for(TypeVariable<?> typeparm: typeparms) {
244 sj.add(typeparm.getTypeName());
245 }
246 sb.append(sj.toString());
247 }
248
249 for (int i = 0; i < arrayDepth; i++)
250 sb.append("[]");
251
252 return sb.toString();
253 }
254 }
255
256 /**
257 * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
258 * interface with the given string name. Invoking this method is
259 * equivalent to:
260 *
261 * <blockquote>
262 * {@code Class.forName(className, true, currentLoader)}
263 * </blockquote>
264 *
265 * where {@code currentLoader} denotes the defining class loader of
266 * the current class.
267 *
268 * <p> For example, the following code fragment returns the
269 * runtime {@code Class} descriptor for the class named
270 * {@code java.lang.Thread}:
271 *
272 * <blockquote>
273 * {@code Class t = Class.forName("java.lang.Thread")}
274 * </blockquote>
275 * <p>
276 * A call to {@code forName("X")} causes the class named
277 * {@code X} to be initialized.
278 *
279 * @param className the fully qualified name of the desired class.
280 * @return the {@code Class} object for the class with the
281 * specified name.
282 * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
283 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
284 * by this method fails
285 * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located
286 */
287 @CallerSensitive
288 public static Class<?> forName(String className)
289 throws ClassNotFoundException {
290 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
291 return forName0(className, true, ClassLoader.getClassLoader(caller), caller);
292 }
293
294
295 /**
296 * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
297 * interface with the given string name, using the given class loader.
298 * Given the fully qualified name for a class or interface (in the same
299 * format returned by {@code getName}) this method attempts to
300 * locate, load, and link the class or interface. The specified class
301 * loader is used to load the class or interface. If the parameter
302 * {@code loader} is null, the class is loaded through the bootstrap
303 * class loader. The class is initialized only if the
304 * {@code initialize} parameter is {@code true} and if it has
305 * not been initialized earlier.
306 *
307 * <p> If {@code name} denotes a primitive type or void, an attempt
308 * will be made to locate a user-defined class in the unnamed package whose
309 * name is {@code name}. Therefore, this method cannot be used to
310 * obtain any of the {@code Class} objects representing primitive
311 * types or void.
312 *
313 * <p> If {@code name} denotes an array class, the component type of
314 * the array class is loaded but not initialized.
315 *
316 * <p> For example, in an instance method the expression:
317 *
318 * <blockquote>
319 * {@code Class.forName("Foo")}
320 * </blockquote>
321 *
322 * is equivalent to:
323 *
324 * <blockquote>
325 * {@code Class.forName("Foo", true, this.getClass().getClassLoader())}
326 * </blockquote>
327 *
328 * Note that this method throws errors related to loading, linking or
329 * initializing as specified in Sections 12.2, 12.3 and 12.4 of <em>The
330 * Java Language Specification</em>.
331 * Note that this method does not check whether the requested class
332 * is accessible to its caller.
333 *
334 * @param name fully qualified name of the desired class
335 * @param initialize if {@code true} the class will be initialized.
336 * See Section 12.4 of <em>The Java Language Specification</em>.
337 * @param loader class loader from which the class must be loaded
338 * @return class object representing the desired class
339 *
340 * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
341 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
342 * by this method fails
343 * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located by
344 * the specified class loader
345 * @exception SecurityException
346 * if a security manager is present, and the {@code loader} is
347 * {@code null}, and the caller's class loader is not
348 * {@code null}, and the caller does not have the
349 * {@link RuntimePermission}{@code ("getClassLoader")}
350 *
351 * @see java.lang.Class#forName(String)
352 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader
353 * @since 1.2
354 */
355 @CallerSensitive
356 public static Class<?> forName(String name, boolean initialize,
357 ClassLoader loader)
358 throws ClassNotFoundException
359 {
360 Class<?> caller = null;
361 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
362 if (sm != null) {
363 // Reflective call to get caller class is only needed if a security manager
364 // is present. Avoid the overhead of making this call otherwise.
365 caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
366 if (VM.isSystemDomainLoader(loader)) {
367 ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getClassLoader(caller);
368 if (!VM.isSystemDomainLoader(ccl)) {
369 sm.checkPermission(
370 SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);
371 }
372 }
373 }
374 return forName0(name, initialize, loader, caller);
375 }
376
377 /** Called after security check for system loader access checks have been made. */
378 private static native Class<?> forName0(String name, boolean initialize,
379 ClassLoader loader,
380 Class<?> caller)
381 throws ClassNotFoundException;
382
383
384 /**
385 * Returns the {@code Class} with the given <a href="ClassLoader.html#name">
386 * binary name</a> in the given module.
387 *
388 * <p> This method attempts to locate, load, and link the class or interface.
389 * It does not run the class initializer. If the class is not found, this
390 * method returns {@code null}. </p>
391 *
392 * <p> If the class loader of the given module defines other modules and
393 * the given name is a class defined in a different module, this method
394 * returns {@code null} after the class is loaded. </p>
395 *
396 * <p> This method does not check whether the requested class is
397 * accessible to its caller. </p>
398 *
399 * @apiNote
400 * This method returns {@code null} on failure rather than
401 * throwing a {@link ClassNotFoundException}, as is done by
402 * the {@link #forName(String, boolean, ClassLoader)} method.
403 * The security check is a stack-based permission check if the caller
404 * loads a class in another module.
405 *
406 * @param module A module
407 * @param name The <a href="ClassLoader.html#name">binary name</a>
408 * of the class
409 * @return {@code Class} object of the given name defined in the given module;
410 * {@code null} if not found.
411 *
412 * @throws NullPointerException if the given module or name is {@code null}
413 *
414 * @throws LinkageError if the linkage fails
415 *
416 * @throws SecurityException
417 * <ul>
418 * <li> if the caller is not the specified module and
419 * {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")} permission is denied; or</li>
420 * <li> access to the module content is denied. For example,
421 * permission check will be performed when a class loader calls
422 * {@link ModuleReader#open(String)} to read the bytes of a class file
423 * in a module.</li>
424 * </ul>
425 *
426 * @since 9
427 * @spec JPMS
428 */
429 @CallerSensitive
430 public static Class<?> forName(Module module, String name) {
431 Objects.requireNonNull(module);
432 Objects.requireNonNull(name);
433
434 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
435 if (caller != null && caller.getModule() != module) {
436 // if caller is null, Class.forName is the last java frame on the stack.
437 // java.base has all permissions
438 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
439 if (sm != null) {
440 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);
441 }
442 }
443
444 PrivilegedAction<ClassLoader> pa = module::getClassLoader;
445 ClassLoader cl = AccessController.doPrivileged(pa);
446 if (cl != null) {
447 return cl.loadClass(module, name);
448 } else {
449 return BootLoader.loadClass(module, name);
450 }
451 }
452
453 /**
454 * Creates a new instance of the class represented by this {@code Class}
455 * object. The class is instantiated as if by a {@code new}
456 * expression with an empty argument list. The class is initialized if it
457 * has not already been initialized.
458 *
459 * @deprecated This method propagates any exception thrown by the
460 * nullary constructor, including a checked exception. Use of
461 * this method effectively bypasses the compile-time exception
462 * checking that would otherwise be performed by the compiler.
463 * The {@link
464 * java.lang.reflect.Constructor#newInstance(java.lang.Object...)
465 * Constructor.newInstance} method avoids this problem by wrapping
466 * any exception thrown by the constructor in a (checked) {@link
467 * java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException}.
468 *
469 * <p>The call
470 *
471 * <pre>{@code
472 * clazz.newInstance()
473 * }</pre>
474 *
475 * can be replaced by
476 *
477 * <pre>{@code
478 * clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance()
479 * }</pre>
480 *
481 * The latter sequence of calls is inferred to be able to throw
482 * the additional exception types {@link
483 * InvocationTargetException} and {@link
484 * NoSuchMethodException}. Both of these exception types are
485 * subclasses of {@link ReflectiveOperationException}.
486 *
487 * @return a newly allocated instance of the class represented by this
488 * object.
489 * @throws IllegalAccessException if the class or its nullary
490 * constructor is not accessible.
491 * @throws InstantiationException
492 * if this {@code Class} represents an abstract class,
493 * an interface, an array class, a primitive type, or void;
494 * or if the class has no nullary constructor;
495 * or if the instantiation fails for some other reason.
496 * @throws ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization
497 * provoked by this method fails.
498 * @throws SecurityException
499 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
500 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
501 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
502 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
503 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
504 * of this class.
505 */
506 @CallerSensitive
507 @Deprecated(since="9")
508 public T newInstance()
509 throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
510 {
511 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
512 if (sm != null) {
513 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), false);
514 }
515
516 // NOTE: the following code may not be strictly correct under
517 // the current Java memory model.
518
519 // Constructor lookup
520 if (cachedConstructor == null) {
521 if (this == Class.class) {
522 throw new IllegalAccessException(
523 "Can not call newInstance() on the Class for java.lang.Class"
524 );
525 }
526 try {
527 Class<?>[] empty = {};
528 final Constructor<T> c = getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(
529 getConstructor0(empty, Member.DECLARED));
530 // Disable accessibility checks on the constructor
531 // since we have to do the security check here anyway
532 // (the stack depth is wrong for the Constructor's
533 // security check to work)
534 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
535 new java.security.PrivilegedAction<>() {
536 public Void run() {
537 c.setAccessible(true);
538 return null;
539 }
540 });
541 cachedConstructor = c;
542 } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
543 throw (InstantiationException)
544 new InstantiationException(getName()).initCause(e);
545 }
546 }
547 Constructor<T> tmpConstructor = cachedConstructor;
548 // Security check (same as in java.lang.reflect.Constructor)
549 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
550 if (newInstanceCallerCache != caller) {
551 int modifiers = tmpConstructor.getModifiers();
552 Reflection.ensureMemberAccess(caller, this, this, modifiers);
553 newInstanceCallerCache = caller;
554 }
555 // Run constructor
556 try {
557 return tmpConstructor.newInstance((Object[])null);
558 } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
559 Unsafe.getUnsafe().throwException(e.getTargetException());
560 // Not reached
561 return null;
562 }
563 }
564 private transient volatile Constructor<T> cachedConstructor;
565 private transient volatile Class<?> newInstanceCallerCache;
566
567
568 /**
569 * Determines if the specified {@code Object} is assignment-compatible
570 * with the object represented by this {@code Class}. This method is
571 * the dynamic equivalent of the Java language {@code instanceof}
572 * operator. The method returns {@code true} if the specified
573 * {@code Object} argument is non-null and can be cast to the
574 * reference type represented by this {@code Class} object without
575 * raising a {@code ClassCastException.} It returns {@code false}
576 * otherwise.
577 *
578 * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a
579 * declared class, this method returns {@code true} if the specified
580 * {@code Object} argument is an instance of the represented class (or
581 * of any of its subclasses); it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
582 * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, this method
583 * returns {@code true} if the specified {@code Object} argument
584 * can be converted to an object of the array class by an identity
585 * conversion or by a widening reference conversion; it returns
586 * {@code false} otherwise. If this {@code Class} object
587 * represents an interface, this method returns {@code true} if the
588 * class or any superclass of the specified {@code Object} argument
589 * implements this interface; it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
590 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, this method
591 * returns {@code false}.
592 *
593 * @param obj the object to check
594 * @return true if {@code obj} is an instance of this class
595 *
596 * @since 1.1
597 */
598 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
599 public native boolean isInstance(Object obj);
600
601
602 /**
603 * Determines if the class or interface represented by this
604 * {@code Class} object is either the same as, or is a superclass or
605 * superinterface of, the class or interface represented by the specified
606 * {@code Class} parameter. It returns {@code true} if so;
607 * otherwise it returns {@code false}. If this {@code Class}
608 * object represents a primitive type, this method returns
609 * {@code true} if the specified {@code Class} parameter is
610 * exactly this {@code Class} object; otherwise it returns
611 * {@code false}.
612 *
613 * <p> Specifically, this method tests whether the type represented by the
614 * specified {@code Class} parameter can be converted to the type
615 * represented by this {@code Class} object via an identity conversion
616 * or via a widening reference conversion. See <em>The Java Language
617 * Specification</em>, sections 5.1.1 and 5.1.4 , for details.
618 *
619 * @param cls the {@code Class} object to be checked
620 * @return the {@code boolean} value indicating whether objects of the
621 * type {@code cls} can be assigned to objects of this class
622 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified Class parameter is
623 * null.
624 * @since 1.1
625 */
626 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
627 public native boolean isAssignableFrom(Class<?> cls);
628
629
630 /**
631 * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents an
632 * interface type.
633 *
634 * @return {@code true} if this object represents an interface;
635 * {@code false} otherwise.
636 */
637 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
638 public native boolean isInterface();
639
640
641 /**
642 * Determines if this {@code Class} object represents an array class.
643 *
644 * @return {@code true} if this object represents an array class;
645 * {@code false} otherwise.
646 * @since 1.1
647 */
648 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
649 public native boolean isArray();
650
651
652 /**
653 * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents a
654 * primitive type.
655 *
656 * <p> There are nine predefined {@code Class} objects to represent
657 * the eight primitive types and void. These are created by the Java
658 * Virtual Machine, and have the same names as the primitive types that
659 * they represent, namely {@code boolean}, {@code byte},
660 * {@code char}, {@code short}, {@code int},
661 * {@code long}, {@code float}, and {@code double}.
662 *
663 * <p> These objects may only be accessed via the following public static
664 * final variables, and are the only {@code Class} objects for which
665 * this method returns {@code true}.
666 *
667 * @return true if and only if this class represents a primitive type
668 *
669 * @see java.lang.Boolean#TYPE
670 * @see java.lang.Character#TYPE
671 * @see java.lang.Byte#TYPE
672 * @see java.lang.Short#TYPE
673 * @see java.lang.Integer#TYPE
674 * @see java.lang.Long#TYPE
675 * @see java.lang.Float#TYPE
676 * @see java.lang.Double#TYPE
677 * @see java.lang.Void#TYPE
678 * @since 1.1
679 */
680 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
681 public native boolean isPrimitive();
682
683 /**
684 * Returns true if this {@code Class} object represents an annotation
685 * type. Note that if this method returns true, {@link #isInterface()}
686 * would also return true, as all annotation types are also interfaces.
687 *
688 * @return {@code true} if this class object represents an annotation
689 * type; {@code false} otherwise
690 * @since 1.5
691 */
692 public boolean isAnnotation() {
693 return (getModifiers() & ANNOTATION) != 0;
694 }
695
696 /**
697 * Returns {@code true} if this class is a synthetic class;
698 * returns {@code false} otherwise.
699 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a synthetic class as
700 * defined by the Java Language Specification.
701 * @jls 13.1 The Form of a Binary
702 * @since 1.5
703 */
704 public boolean isSynthetic() {
705 return (getModifiers() & SYNTHETIC) != 0;
706 }
707
708 /**
709 * Returns the name of the entity (class, interface, array class,
710 * primitive type, or void) represented by this {@code Class} object,
711 * as a {@code String}.
712 *
713 * <p> If this class object represents a reference type that is not an
714 * array type then the binary name of the class is returned, as specified
715 * by
716 * <cite>The Java™ Language Specification</cite>.
717 *
718 * <p> If this class object represents a primitive type or void, then the
719 * name returned is a {@code String} equal to the Java language
720 * keyword corresponding to the primitive type or void.
721 *
722 * <p> If this class object represents a class of arrays, then the internal
723 * form of the name consists of the name of the element type preceded by
724 * one or more '{@code [}' characters representing the depth of the array
725 * nesting. The encoding of element type names is as follows:
726 *
727 * <blockquote><table summary="Element types and encodings">
728 * <tr><th> Element Type <th> <th> Encoding
729 * <tr><td> boolean <td> <td style="text-align:center"> Z
730 * <tr><td> byte <td> <td style="text-align:center"> B
731 * <tr><td> char <td> <td style="text-align:center"> C
732 * <tr><td> class or interface
733 * <td> <td style="text-align:center"> L<i>classname</i>;
734 * <tr><td> double <td> <td style="text-align:center"> D
735 * <tr><td> float <td> <td style="text-align:center"> F
736 * <tr><td> int <td> <td style="text-align:center"> I
737 * <tr><td> long <td> <td style="text-align:center"> J
738 * <tr><td> short <td> <td style="text-align:center"> S
739 * </table></blockquote>
740 *
741 * <p> The class or interface name <i>classname</i> is the binary name of
742 * the class specified above.
743 *
744 * <p> Examples:
745 * <blockquote><pre>
746 * String.class.getName()
747 * returns "java.lang.String"
748 * byte.class.getName()
749 * returns "byte"
750 * (new Object[3]).getClass().getName()
751 * returns "[Ljava.lang.Object;"
752 * (new int[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]).getClass().getName()
753 * returns "[[[[[[[I"
754 * </pre></blockquote>
755 *
756 * @return the name of the class or interface
757 * represented by this object.
758 */
759 public String getName() {
760 String name = this.name;
761 if (name == null)
762 this.name = name = getName0();
763 return name;
764 }
765
766 // cache the name to reduce the number of calls into the VM
767 private transient String name;
768 private native String getName0();
769
770 /**
771 * Returns the class loader for the class. Some implementations may use
772 * null to represent the bootstrap class loader. This method will return
773 * null in such implementations if this class was loaded by the bootstrap
774 * class loader.
775 *
776 * <p>If this object
777 * represents a primitive type or void, null is returned.
778 *
779 * @return the class loader that loaded the class or interface
780 * represented by this object.
781 * @throws SecurityException
782 * if a security manager is present, and the caller's class loader
783 * is not {@code null} and is not the same as or an ancestor of the
784 * class loader for the class whose class loader is requested,
785 * and the caller does not have the
786 * {@link RuntimePermission}{@code ("getClassLoader")}
787 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader
788 * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
789 * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
790 */
791 @CallerSensitive
792 @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
793 public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
794 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
795 if (cl == null)
796 return null;
797 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
798 if (sm != null) {
799 ClassLoader.checkClassLoaderPermission(cl, Reflection.getCallerClass());
800 }
801 return cl;
802 }
803
804 // Package-private to allow ClassLoader access
805 ClassLoader getClassLoader0() { return classLoader; }
806
807 /**
808 * Returns the module that this class or interface is a member of.
809 *
810 * If this class represents an array type then this method returns the
811 * {@code Module} for the element type. If this class represents a
812 * primitive type or void, then the {@code Module} object for the
813 * {@code java.base} module is returned.
814 *
815 * If this class is in an unnamed module then the {@link
816 * ClassLoader#getUnnamedModule() unnamed} {@code Module} of the class
817 * loader for this class is returned.
818 *
819 * @return the module that this class or interface is a member of
820 *
821 * @since 9
822 * @spec JPMS
823 */
824 public Module getModule() {
825 return module;
826 }
827
828 // set by VM
829 private transient Module module;
830
831 // Initialized in JVM not by private constructor
832 // This field is filtered from reflection access, i.e. getDeclaredField
833 // will throw NoSuchFieldException
834 private final ClassLoader classLoader;
835
836 /**
837 * Returns an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent the
838 * type variables declared by the generic declaration represented by this
839 * {@code GenericDeclaration} object, in declaration order. Returns an
840 * array of length 0 if the underlying generic declaration declares no type
841 * variables.
842 *
843 * @return an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent
844 * the type variables declared by this generic declaration
845 * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
846 * signature of this generic declaration does not conform to
847 * the format specified in
848 * <cite>The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
849 * @since 1.5
850 */
851 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
852 public TypeVariable<Class<T>>[] getTypeParameters() {
853 ClassRepository info = getGenericInfo();
854 if (info != null)
855 return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])info.getTypeParameters();
856 else
857 return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])new TypeVariable<?>[0];
858 }
859
860
861 /**
862 * Returns the {@code Class} representing the direct superclass of the
863 * entity (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by
864 * this {@code Class}. If this {@code Class} represents either the
865 * {@code Object} class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then
866 * null is returned. If this object represents an array class then the
867 * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
868 * returned.
869 *
870 * @return the direct superclass of the class represented by this object
871 */
872 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
873 public native Class<? super T> getSuperclass();
874
875
876 /**
877 * Returns the {@code Type} representing the direct superclass of
878 * the entity (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by
879 * this {@code Class}.
880 *
881 * <p>If the superclass is a parameterized type, the {@code Type}
882 * object returned must accurately reflect the actual type
883 * parameters used in the source code. The parameterized type
884 * representing the superclass is created if it had not been
885 * created before. See the declaration of {@link
886 * java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType} for the
887 * semantics of the creation process for parameterized types. If
888 * this {@code Class} represents either the {@code Object}
889 * class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then null is
890 * returned. If this object represents an array class then the
891 * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
892 * returned.
893 *
894 * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
895 * class signature does not conform to the format specified in
896 * <cite>The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
897 * @throws TypeNotPresentException if the generic superclass
898 * refers to a non-existent type declaration
899 * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException if the
900 * generic superclass refers to a parameterized type that cannot be
901 * instantiated for any reason
902 * @return the direct superclass of the class represented by this object
903 * @since 1.5
904 */
905 public Type getGenericSuperclass() {
906 ClassRepository info = getGenericInfo();
907 if (info == null) {
908 return getSuperclass();
909 }
910
911 // Historical irregularity:
912 // Generic signature marks interfaces with superclass = Object
913 // but this API returns null for interfaces
914 if (isInterface()) {
915 return null;
916 }
917
918 return info.getSuperclass();
919 }
920
921 /**
922 * Gets the package of this class.
923 *
924 * <p>If this class represents an array type, a primitive type or void,
925 * this method returns {@code null}.
926 *
927 * @return the package of this class.
928 * @revised 9
929 * @spec JPMS
930 */
931 public Package getPackage() {
932 if (isPrimitive() || isArray()) {
933 return null;
934 }
935 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
936 return cl != null ? cl.definePackage(this)
937 : BootLoader.definePackage(this);
938 }
939
940 /**
941 * Returns the fully qualified package name.
942 *
943 * <p> If this class is a top level class, then this method returns the fully
944 * qualified name of the package that the class is a member of, or the
945 * empty string if the class is in an unnamed package.
946 *
947 * <p> If this class is a member class, then this method is equivalent to
948 * invoking {@code getPackageName()} on the {@link #getEnclosingClass
949 * enclosing class}.
950 *
951 * <p> If this class is a {@link #isLocalClass local class} or an {@link
952 * #isAnonymousClass() anonymous class}, then this method is equivalent to
953 * invoking {@code getPackageName()} on the {@link #getDeclaringClass
954 * declaring class} of the {@link #getEnclosingMethod enclosing method} or
955 * {@link #getEnclosingConstructor enclosing constructor}.
956 *
957 * <p> If this class represents an array type then this method returns the
958 * package name of the element type. If this class represents a primitive
959 * type or void then the package name "{@code java.lang}" is returned.
960 *
961 * @return the fully qualified package name
962 *
963 * @since 9
964 * @spec JPMS
965 * @jls 6.7 Fully Qualified Names
966 */
967 public String getPackageName() {
968 String pn = this.packageName;
969 if (pn == null) {
970 Class<?> c = this;
971 while (c.isArray()) {
972 c = c.getComponentType();
973 }
974 if (c.isPrimitive()) {
975 pn = "java.lang";
976 } else {
977 String cn = c.getName();
978 int dot = cn.lastIndexOf('.');
979 pn = (dot != -1) ? cn.substring(0, dot).intern() : "";
980 }
981 this.packageName = pn;
982 }
983 return pn;
984 }
985
986 // cached package name
987 private transient String packageName;
988
989 /**
990 * Returns the interfaces directly implemented by the class or interface
991 * represented by this object.
992 *
993 * <p>If this object represents a class, the return value is an array
994 * containing objects representing all interfaces directly implemented by
995 * the class. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds
996 * to the order of the interface names in the {@code implements} clause of
997 * the declaration of the class represented by this object. For example,
998 * given the declaration:
999 * <blockquote>
1000 * {@code class Shimmer implements FloorWax, DessertTopping { ... }}
1001 * </blockquote>
1002 * suppose the value of {@code s} is an instance of
1003 * {@code Shimmer}; the value of the expression:
1004 * <blockquote>
1005 * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[0]}
1006 * </blockquote>
1007 * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
1008 * {@code FloorWax}; and the value of:
1009 * <blockquote>
1010 * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[1]}
1011 * </blockquote>
1012 * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
1013 * {@code DessertTopping}.
1014 *
1015 * <p>If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects
1016 * representing all interfaces directly extended by the interface. The
1017 * order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of
1018 * the interface names in the {@code extends} clause of the declaration of
1019 * the interface represented by this object.
1020 *
1021 * <p>If this object represents a class or interface that implements no
1022 * interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0.
1023 *
1024 * <p>If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method
1025 * returns an array of length 0.
1026 *
1027 * <p>If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, the
1028 * interfaces {@code Cloneable} and {@code java.io.Serializable} are
1029 * returned in that order.
1030 *
1031 * @return an array of interfaces directly implemented by this class
1032 */
1033 public Class<?>[] getInterfaces() {
1034 // defensively copy before handing over to user code
1035 return getInterfaces(true);
1036 }
1037
1038 private Class<?>[] getInterfaces(boolean cloneArray) {
1039 ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
1040 if (rd == null) {
1041 // no cloning required
1042 return getInterfaces0();
1043 } else {
1044 Class<?>[] interfaces = rd.interfaces;
1045 if (interfaces == null) {
1046 interfaces = getInterfaces0();
1047 rd.interfaces = interfaces;
1048 }
1049 // defensively copy if requested
1050 return cloneArray ? interfaces.clone() : interfaces;
1051 }
1052 }
1053
1054 private native Class<?>[] getInterfaces0();
1055
1056 /**
1057 * Returns the {@code Type}s representing the interfaces
1058 * directly implemented by the class or interface represented by
1059 * this object.
1060 *
1061 * <p>If a superinterface is a parameterized type, the
1062 * {@code Type} object returned for it must accurately reflect
1063 * the actual type parameters used in the source code. The
1064 * parameterized type representing each superinterface is created
1065 * if it had not been created before. See the declaration of
1066 * {@link java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType}
1067 * for the semantics of the creation process for parameterized
1068 * types.
1069 *
1070 * <p>If this object represents a class, the return value is an array
1071 * containing objects representing all interfaces directly implemented by
1072 * the class. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds
1073 * to the order of the interface names in the {@code implements} clause of
1074 * the declaration of the class represented by this object.
1075 *
1076 * <p>If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects
1077 * representing all interfaces directly extended by the interface. The
1078 * order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of
1079 * the interface names in the {@code extends} clause of the declaration of
1080 * the interface represented by this object.
1081 *
1082 * <p>If this object represents a class or interface that implements no
1083 * interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0.
1084 *
1085 * <p>If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method
1086 * returns an array of length 0.
1087 *
1088 * <p>If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, the
1089 * interfaces {@code Cloneable} and {@code java.io.Serializable} are
1090 * returned in that order.
1091 *
1092 * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError
1093 * if the generic class signature does not conform to the format
1094 * specified in
1095 * <cite>The Java™ Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
1096 * @throws TypeNotPresentException if any of the generic
1097 * superinterfaces refers to a non-existent type declaration
1098 * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException
1099 * if any of the generic superinterfaces refer to a parameterized
1100 * type that cannot be instantiated for any reason
1101 * @return an array of interfaces directly implemented by this class
1102 * @since 1.5
1103 */
1104 public Type[] getGenericInterfaces() {
1105 ClassRepository info = getGenericInfo();
1106 return (info == null) ? getInterfaces() : info.getSuperInterfaces();
1107 }
1108
1109
1110 /**
1111 * Returns the {@code Class} representing the component type of an
1112 * array. If this class does not represent an array class this method
1113 * returns null.
1114 *
1115 * @return the {@code Class} representing the component type of this
1116 * class if this class is an array
1117 * @see java.lang.reflect.Array
1118 * @since 1.1
1119 */
1120 public Class<?> getComponentType() {
1121 // Only return for array types. Storage may be reused for Class for instance types.
1122 if (isArray()) {
1123 return componentType;
1124 } else {
1125 return null;
1126 }
1127 }
1128
1129 private final Class<?> componentType;
1130
1131
1132 /**
1133 * Returns the Java language modifiers for this class or interface, encoded
1134 * in an integer. The modifiers consist of the Java Virtual Machine's
1135 * constants for {@code public}, {@code protected},
1136 * {@code private}, {@code final}, {@code static},
1137 * {@code abstract} and {@code interface}; they should be decoded
1138 * using the methods of class {@code Modifier}.
1139 *
1140 * <p> If the underlying class is an array class, then its
1141 * {@code public}, {@code private} and {@code protected}
1142 * modifiers are the same as those of its component type. If this
1143 * {@code Class} represents a primitive type or void, its
1144 * {@code public} modifier is always {@code true}, and its
1145 * {@code protected} and {@code private} modifiers are always
1146 * {@code false}. If this object represents an array class, a
1147 * primitive type or void, then its {@code final} modifier is always
1148 * {@code true} and its interface modifier is always
1149 * {@code false}. The values of its other modifiers are not determined
1150 * by this specification.
1151 *
1152 * <p> The modifier encodings are defined in <em>The Java Virtual Machine
1153 * Specification</em>, table 4.1.
1154 *
1155 * @return the {@code int} representing the modifiers for this class
1156 * @see java.lang.reflect.Modifier
1157 * @since 1.1
1158 */
1159 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
1160 public native int getModifiers();
1161
1162
1163 /**
1164 * Gets the signers of this class.
1165 *
1166 * @return the signers of this class, or null if there are no signers. In
1167 * particular, this method returns null if this object represents
1168 * a primitive type or void.
1169 * @since 1.1
1170 */
1171 public native Object[] getSigners();
1172
1173
1174 /**
1175 * Set the signers of this class.
1176 */
1177 native void setSigners(Object[] signers);
1178
1179
1180 /**
1181 * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous
1182 * class within a method, returns a {@link
1183 * java.lang.reflect.Method Method} object representing the
1184 * immediately enclosing method of the underlying class. Returns
1185 * {@code null} otherwise.
1186 *
1187 * In particular, this method returns {@code null} if the underlying
1188 * class is a local or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type
1189 * declaration, instance initializer or static initializer.
1190 *
1191 * @return the immediately enclosing method of the underlying class, if
1192 * that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.
1193 *
1194 * @throws SecurityException
1195 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1196 * following conditions is met:
1197 *
1198 * <ul>
1199 *
1200 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
1201 * class loader of the enclosing class and invocation of
1202 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
1203 * s.checkPermission} method with
1204 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
1205 * denies access to the methods within the enclosing class
1206 *
1207 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1208 * ancestor of the class loader for the enclosing class and
1209 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1210 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1211 * of the enclosing class
1212 *
1213 * </ul>
1214 * @since 1.5
1215 */
1216 @CallerSensitive
1217 public Method getEnclosingMethod() throws SecurityException {
1218 EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1219
1220 if (enclosingInfo == null)
1221 return null;
1222 else {
1223 if (!enclosingInfo.isMethod())
1224 return null;
1225
1226 MethodRepository typeInfo = MethodRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),
1227 getFactory());
1228 Class<?> returnType = toClass(typeInfo.getReturnType());
1229 Type [] parameterTypes = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();
1230 Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];
1231
1232 // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*
1233 // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used
1234 // don't have generics information
1235 for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)
1236 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);
1237
1238 // Perform access check
1239 final Class<?> enclosingCandidate = enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass();
1240 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1241 if (sm != null) {
1242 enclosingCandidate.checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED,
1243 Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1244 }
1245 Method[] candidates = enclosingCandidate.privateGetDeclaredMethods(false);
1246
1247 /*
1248 * Loop over all declared methods; match method name,
1249 * number of and type of parameters, *and* return
1250 * type. Matching return type is also necessary
1251 * because of covariant returns, etc.
1252 */
1253 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
1254 for (Method m : candidates) {
1255 if (m.getName().equals(enclosingInfo.getName()) &&
1256 arrayContentsEq(parameterClasses,
1257 fact.getExecutableSharedParameterTypes(m))) {
1258 // finally, check return type
1259 if (m.getReturnType().equals(returnType)) {
1260 return fact.copyMethod(m);
1261 }
1262 }
1263 }
1264
1265 throw new InternalError("Enclosing method not found");
1266 }
1267 }
1268
1269 private native Object[] getEnclosingMethod0();
1270
1271 private EnclosingMethodInfo getEnclosingMethodInfo() {
1272 Object[] enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethod0();
1273 if (enclosingInfo == null)
1274 return null;
1275 else {
1276 return new EnclosingMethodInfo(enclosingInfo);
1277 }
1278 }
1279
1280 private static final class EnclosingMethodInfo {
1281 private final Class<?> enclosingClass;
1282 private final String name;
1283 private final String descriptor;
1284
1285 static void validate(Object[] enclosingInfo) {
1286 if (enclosingInfo.length != 3)
1287 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");
1288 try {
1289 // The array is expected to have three elements:
1290
1291 // the immediately enclosing class
1292 Class<?> enclosingClass = (Class<?>)enclosingInfo[0];
1293 assert(enclosingClass != null);
1294
1295 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's
1296 // name (can be null).
1297 String name = (String)enclosingInfo[1];
1298
1299 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's
1300 // descriptor (null iff name is).
1301 String descriptor = (String)enclosingInfo[2];
1302 assert((name != null && descriptor != null) || name == descriptor);
1303 } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
1304 throw new InternalError("Invalid type in enclosing method information", cce);
1305 }
1306 }
1307
1308 EnclosingMethodInfo(Object[] enclosingInfo) {
1309 validate(enclosingInfo);
1310 this.enclosingClass = (Class<?>)enclosingInfo[0];
1311 this.name = (String)enclosingInfo[1];
1312 this.descriptor = (String)enclosingInfo[2];
1313 }
1314
1315 boolean isPartial() {
1316 return enclosingClass == null || name == null || descriptor == null;
1317 }
1318
1319 boolean isConstructor() { return !isPartial() && "<init>".equals(name); }
1320
1321 boolean isMethod() { return !isPartial() && !isConstructor() && !"<clinit>".equals(name); }
1322
1323 Class<?> getEnclosingClass() { return enclosingClass; }
1324
1325 String getName() { return name; }
1326
1327 String getDescriptor() { return descriptor; }
1328
1329 }
1330
1331 private static Class<?> toClass(Type o) {
1332 if (o instanceof GenericArrayType)
1333 return Array.newInstance(toClass(((GenericArrayType)o).getGenericComponentType()),
1334 0)
1335 .getClass();
1336 return (Class<?>)o;
1337 }
1338
1339 /**
1340 * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous
1341 * class within a constructor, returns a {@link
1342 * java.lang.reflect.Constructor Constructor} object representing
1343 * the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying
1344 * class. Returns {@code null} otherwise. In particular, this
1345 * method returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a local
1346 * or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type declaration,
1347 * instance initializer or static initializer.
1348 *
1349 * @return the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying class, if
1350 * that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.
1351 * @throws SecurityException
1352 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1353 * following conditions is met:
1354 *
1355 * <ul>
1356 *
1357 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
1358 * class loader of the enclosing class and invocation of
1359 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
1360 * s.checkPermission} method with
1361 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
1362 * denies access to the constructors within the enclosing class
1363 *
1364 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1365 * ancestor of the class loader for the enclosing class and
1366 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1367 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1368 * of the enclosing class
1369 *
1370 * </ul>
1371 * @since 1.5
1372 */
1373 @CallerSensitive
1374 public Constructor<?> getEnclosingConstructor() throws SecurityException {
1375 EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1376
1377 if (enclosingInfo == null)
1378 return null;
1379 else {
1380 if (!enclosingInfo.isConstructor())
1381 return null;
1382
1383 ConstructorRepository typeInfo = ConstructorRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),
1384 getFactory());
1385 Type [] parameterTypes = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();
1386 Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];
1387
1388 // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*
1389 // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used
1390 // don't have generics information
1391 for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)
1392 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);
1393
1394 // Perform access check
1395 final Class<?> enclosingCandidate = enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass();
1396 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1397 if (sm != null) {
1398 enclosingCandidate.checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED,
1399 Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1400 }
1401
1402 Constructor<?>[] candidates = enclosingCandidate
1403 .privateGetDeclaredConstructors(false);
1404 /*
1405 * Loop over all declared constructors; match number
1406 * of and type of parameters.
1407 */
1408 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
1409 for (Constructor<?> c : candidates) {
1410 if (arrayContentsEq(parameterClasses,
1411 fact.getExecutableSharedParameterTypes(c))) {
1412 return fact.copyConstructor(c);
1413 }
1414 }
1415
1416 throw new InternalError("Enclosing constructor not found");
1417 }
1418 }
1419
1420
1421 /**
1422 * If the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} object
1423 * is a member of another class, returns the {@code Class} object
1424 * representing the class in which it was declared. This method returns
1425 * null if this class or interface is not a member of any other class. If
1426 * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, a primitive
1427 * type, or void,then this method returns null.
1428 *
1429 * @return the declaring class for this class
1430 * @throws SecurityException
1431 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and the caller's
1432 * class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class
1433 * loader for the declaring class and invocation of {@link
1434 * SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess s.checkPackageAccess()}
1435 * denies access to the package of the declaring class
1436 * @since 1.1
1437 */
1438 @CallerSensitive
1439 public Class<?> getDeclaringClass() throws SecurityException {
1440 final Class<?> candidate = getDeclaringClass0();
1441
1442 if (candidate != null) {
1443 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1444 if (sm != null) {
1445 candidate.checkPackageAccess(sm,
1446 ClassLoader.getClassLoader(Reflection.getCallerClass()), true);
1447 }
1448 }
1449 return candidate;
1450 }
1451
1452 private native Class<?> getDeclaringClass0();
1453
1454
1455 /**
1456 * Returns the immediately enclosing class of the underlying
1457 * class. If the underlying class is a top level class this
1458 * method returns {@code null}.
1459 * @return the immediately enclosing class of the underlying class
1460 * @exception SecurityException
1461 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and the caller's
1462 * class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class
1463 * loader for the enclosing class and invocation of {@link
1464 * SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess s.checkPackageAccess()}
1465 * denies access to the package of the enclosing class
1466 * @since 1.5
1467 */
1468 @CallerSensitive
1469 public Class<?> getEnclosingClass() throws SecurityException {
1470 // There are five kinds of classes (or interfaces):
1471 // a) Top level classes
1472 // b) Nested classes (static member classes)
1473 // c) Inner classes (non-static member classes)
1474 // d) Local classes (named classes declared within a method)
1475 // e) Anonymous classes
1476
1477
1478 // JVM Spec 4.7.7: A class must have an EnclosingMethod
1479 // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an
1480 // anonymous class.
1481 EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1482 Class<?> enclosingCandidate;
1483
1484 if (enclosingInfo == null) {
1485 // This is a top level or a nested class or an inner class (a, b, or c)
1486 enclosingCandidate = getDeclaringClass0();
1487 } else {
1488 Class<?> enclosingClass = enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass();
1489 // This is a local class or an anonymous class (d or e)
1490 if (enclosingClass == this || enclosingClass == null)
1491 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");
1492 else
1493 enclosingCandidate = enclosingClass;
1494 }
1495
1496 if (enclosingCandidate != null) {
1497 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1498 if (sm != null) {
1499 enclosingCandidate.checkPackageAccess(sm,
1500 ClassLoader.getClassLoader(Reflection.getCallerClass()), true);
1501 }
1502 }
1503 return enclosingCandidate;
1504 }
1505
1506 /**
1507 * Returns the simple name of the underlying class as given in the
1508 * source code. Returns an empty string if the underlying class is
1509 * anonymous.
1510 *
1511 * <p>The simple name of an array is the simple name of the
1512 * component type with "[]" appended. In particular the simple
1513 * name of an array whose component type is anonymous is "[]".
1514 *
1515 * @return the simple name of the underlying class
1516 * @since 1.5
1517 */
1518 public String getSimpleName() {
1519 if (isArray())
1520 return getComponentType().getSimpleName()+"[]";
1521
1522 String simpleName = getSimpleBinaryName();
1523 if (simpleName == null) { // top level class
1524 simpleName = getName();
1525 return simpleName.substring(simpleName.lastIndexOf('.')+1); // strip the package name
1526 }
1527 return simpleName;
1528 }
1529
1530 /**
1531 * Return an informative string for the name of this type.
1532 *
1533 * @return an informative string for the name of this type
1534 * @since 1.8
1535 */
1536 public String getTypeName() {
1537 if (isArray()) {
1538 try {
1539 Class<?> cl = this;
1540 int dimensions = 0;
1541 while (cl.isArray()) {
1542 dimensions++;
1543 cl = cl.getComponentType();
1544 }
1545 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
1546 sb.append(cl.getName());
1547 for (int i = 0; i < dimensions; i++) {
1548 sb.append("[]");
1549 }
1550 return sb.toString();
1551 } catch (Throwable e) { /*FALLTHRU*/ }
1552 }
1553 return getName();
1554 }
1555
1556 /**
1557 * Returns the canonical name of the underlying class as
1558 * defined by the Java Language Specification. Returns null if
1559 * the underlying class does not have a canonical name (i.e., if
1560 * it is a local or anonymous class or an array whose component
1561 * type does not have a canonical name).
1562 * @return the canonical name of the underlying class if it exists, and
1563 * {@code null} otherwise.
1564 * @since 1.5
1565 */
1566 public String getCanonicalName() {
1567 if (isArray()) {
1568 String canonicalName = getComponentType().getCanonicalName();
1569 if (canonicalName != null)
1570 return canonicalName + "[]";
1571 else
1572 return null;
1573 }
1574 if (isLocalOrAnonymousClass())
1575 return null;
1576 Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();
1577 if (enclosingClass == null) { // top level class
1578 return getName();
1579 } else {
1580 String enclosingName = enclosingClass.getCanonicalName();
1581 if (enclosingName == null)
1582 return null;
1583 return enclosingName + "." + getSimpleName();
1584 }
1585 }
1586
1587 /**
1588 * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1589 * is an anonymous class.
1590 *
1591 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is an anonymous class.
1592 * @since 1.5
1593 */
1594 public boolean isAnonymousClass() {
1595 return !isArray() && isLocalOrAnonymousClass() &&
1596 getSimpleBinaryName0() == null;
1597 }
1598
1599 /**
1600 * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1601 * is a local class.
1602 *
1603 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a local class.
1604 * @since 1.5
1605 */
1606 public boolean isLocalClass() {
1607 return isLocalOrAnonymousClass() &&
1608 (isArray() || getSimpleBinaryName0() != null);
1609 }
1610
1611 /**
1612 * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1613 * is a member class.
1614 *
1615 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a member class.
1616 * @since 1.5
1617 */
1618 public boolean isMemberClass() {
1619 return !isLocalOrAnonymousClass() && getDeclaringClass0() != null;
1620 }
1621
1622 /**
1623 * Returns the "simple binary name" of the underlying class, i.e.,
1624 * the binary name without the leading enclosing class name.
1625 * Returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a top level
1626 * class.
1627 */
1628 private String getSimpleBinaryName() {
1629 if (isTopLevelClass())
1630 return null;
1631 String name = getSimpleBinaryName0();
1632 if (name == null) // anonymous class
1633 return "";
1634 return name;
1635 }
1636
1637 private native String getSimpleBinaryName0();
1638
1639 /**
1640 * Returns {@code true} if this is a top level class. Returns {@code false}
1641 * otherwise.
1642 */
1643 private boolean isTopLevelClass() {
1644 return !isLocalOrAnonymousClass() && getDeclaringClass0() == null;
1645 }
1646
1647 /**
1648 * Returns {@code true} if this is a local class or an anonymous
1649 * class. Returns {@code false} otherwise.
1650 */
1651 private boolean isLocalOrAnonymousClass() {
1652 // JVM Spec 4.7.7: A class must have an EnclosingMethod
1653 // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an
1654 // anonymous class.
1655 return hasEnclosingMethodInfo();
1656 }
1657
1658 private boolean hasEnclosingMethodInfo() {
1659 Object[] enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethod0();
1660 if (enclosingInfo != null) {
1661 EnclosingMethodInfo.validate(enclosingInfo);
1662 return true;
1663 }
1664 return false;
1665 }
1666
1667 /**
1668 * Returns an array containing {@code Class} objects representing all
1669 * the public classes and interfaces that are members of the class
1670 * represented by this {@code Class} object. This includes public
1671 * class and interface members inherited from superclasses and public class
1672 * and interface members declared by the class. This method returns an
1673 * array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object has no public member
1674 * classes or interfaces. This method also returns an array of length 0 if
1675 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, an array
1676 * class, or void.
1677 *
1678 * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing the public
1679 * members of this class
1680 * @throws SecurityException
1681 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
1682 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1683 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1684 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1685 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1686 * of this class.
1687 *
1688 * @since 1.1
1689 */
1690 @CallerSensitive
1691 public Class<?>[] getClasses() {
1692 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1693 if (sm != null) {
1694 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), false);
1695 }
1696
1697 // Privileged so this implementation can look at DECLARED classes,
1698 // something the caller might not have privilege to do. The code here
1699 // is allowed to look at DECLARED classes because (1) it does not hand
1700 // out anything other than public members and (2) public member access
1701 // has already been ok'd by the SecurityManager.
1702
1703 return java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
1704 new java.security.PrivilegedAction<>() {
1705 public Class<?>[] run() {
1706 List<Class<?>> list = new ArrayList<>();
1707 Class<?> currentClass = Class.this;
1708 while (currentClass != null) {
1709 for (Class<?> m : currentClass.getDeclaredClasses()) {
1710 if (Modifier.isPublic(m.getModifiers())) {
1711 list.add(m);
1712 }
1713 }
1714 currentClass = currentClass.getSuperclass();
1715 }
1716 return list.toArray(new Class<?>[0]);
1717 }
1718 });
1719 }
1720
1721
1722 /**
1723 * Returns an array containing {@code Field} objects reflecting all
1724 * the accessible public fields of the class or interface represented by
1725 * this {@code Class} object.
1726 *
1727 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class or interface with
1728 * no accessible public fields, then this method returns an array of length
1729 * 0.
1730 *
1731 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class, then this method
1732 * returns the public fields of the class and of all its superclasses and
1733 * superinterfaces.
1734 *
1735 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an interface, then this
1736 * method returns the fields of the interface and of all its
1737 * superinterfaces.
1738 *
1739 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, a primitive
1740 * type, or void, then this method returns an array of length 0.
1741 *
1742 * <p> The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any
1743 * particular order.
1744 *
1745 * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing the
1746 * public fields
1747 * @throws SecurityException
1748 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
1749 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1750 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1751 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1752 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1753 * of this class.
1754 *
1755 * @since 1.1
1756 * @jls 8.2 Class Members
1757 * @jls 8.3 Field Declarations
1758 */
1759 @CallerSensitive
1760 public Field[] getFields() throws SecurityException {
1761 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1762 if (sm != null) {
1763 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1764 }
1765 return copyFields(privateGetPublicFields(null));
1766 }
1767
1768
1769 /**
1770 * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all the
1771 * public methods of the class or interface represented by this {@code
1772 * Class} object, including those declared by the class or interface and
1773 * those inherited from superclasses and superinterfaces.
1774 *
1775 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, then the
1776 * returned array has a {@code Method} object for each of the public
1777 * methods inherited by the array type from {@code Object}. It does not
1778 * contain a {@code Method} object for {@code clone()}.
1779 *
1780 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an interface then the
1781 * returned array does not contain any implicitly declared methods from
1782 * {@code Object}. Therefore, if no methods are explicitly declared in
1783 * this interface or any of its superinterfaces then the returned array
1784 * has length 0. (Note that a {@code Class} object which represents a class
1785 * always has public methods, inherited from {@code Object}.)
1786 *
1787 * <p> The returned array never contains methods with names "{@code <init>}"
1788 * or "{@code <clinit>}".
1789 *
1790 * <p> The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any
1791 * particular order.
1792 *
1793 * <p> Generally, the result is computed as with the following 4 step algorithm.
1794 * Let C be the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} object:
1795 * <ol>
1796 * <li> A union of methods is composed of:
1797 * <ol type="a">
1798 * <li> C's declared public instance and static methods as returned by
1799 * {@link #getDeclaredMethods()} and filtered to include only public
1800 * methods.</li>
1801 * <li> If C is a class other than {@code Object}, then include the result
1802 * of invoking this algorithm recursively on the superclass of C.</li>
1803 * <li> Include the results of invoking this algorithm recursively on all
1804 * direct superinterfaces of C, but include only instance methods.</li>
1805 * </ol></li>
1806 * <li> Union from step 1 is partitioned into subsets of methods with same
1807 * signature (name, parameter types) and return type.</li>
1808 * <li> Within each such subset only the most specific methods are selected.
1809 * Let method M be a method from a set of methods with same signature
1810 * and return type. M is most specific if there is no such method
1811 * N != M from the same set, such that N is more specific than M.
1812 * N is more specific than M if:
1813 * <ol type="a">
1814 * <li> N is declared by a class and M is declared by an interface; or</li>
1815 * <li> N and M are both declared by classes or both by interfaces and
1816 * N's declaring type is the same as or a subtype of M's declaring type
1817 * (clearly, if M's and N's declaring types are the same type, then
1818 * M and N are the same method).</li>
1819 * </ol></li>
1820 * <li> The result of this algorithm is the union of all selected methods from
1821 * step 3.</li>
1822 * </ol>
1823 *
1824 * @apiNote There may be more than one method with a particular name
1825 * and parameter types in a class because while the Java language forbids a
1826 * class to declare multiple methods with the same signature but different
1827 * return types, the Java virtual machine does not. This
1828 * increased flexibility in the virtual machine can be used to
1829 * implement various language features. For example, covariant
1830 * returns can be implemented with {@linkplain
1831 * java.lang.reflect.Method#isBridge bridge methods}; the bridge
1832 * method and the overriding method would have the same
1833 * signature but different return types.
1834 *
1835 * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing the
1836 * public methods of this class
1837 * @throws SecurityException
1838 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
1839 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1840 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1841 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1842 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1843 * of this class.
1844 *
1845 * @jls 8.2 Class Members
1846 * @jls 8.4 Method Declarations
1847 * @since 1.1
1848 */
1849 @CallerSensitive
1850 public Method[] getMethods() throws SecurityException {
1851 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1852 if (sm != null) {
1853 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1854 }
1855 return copyMethods(privateGetPublicMethods());
1856 }
1857
1858
1859 /**
1860 * Returns an array containing {@code Constructor} objects reflecting
1861 * all the public constructors of the class represented by this
1862 * {@code Class} object. An array of length 0 is returned if the
1863 * class has no public constructors, or if the class is an array class, or
1864 * if the class reflects a primitive type or void.
1865 *
1866 * Note that while this method returns an array of {@code
1867 * Constructor<T>} objects (that is an array of constructors from
1868 * this class), the return type of this method is {@code
1869 * Constructor<?>[]} and <em>not</em> {@code Constructor<T>[]} as
1870 * might be expected. This less informative return type is
1871 * necessary since after being returned from this method, the
1872 * array could be modified to hold {@code Constructor} objects for
1873 * different classes, which would violate the type guarantees of
1874 * {@code Constructor<T>[]}.
1875 *
1876 * @return the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing the
1877 * public constructors of this class
1878 * @throws SecurityException
1879 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
1880 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1881 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1882 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1883 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1884 * of this class.
1885 *
1886 * @since 1.1
1887 */
1888 @CallerSensitive
1889 public Constructor<?>[] getConstructors() throws SecurityException {
1890 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1891 if (sm != null) {
1892 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1893 }
1894 return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(true));
1895 }
1896
1897
1898 /**
1899 * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified public member
1900 * field of the class or interface represented by this {@code Class}
1901 * object. The {@code name} parameter is a {@code String} specifying the
1902 * simple name of the desired field.
1903 *
1904 * <p> The field to be reflected is determined by the algorithm that
1905 * follows. Let C be the class or interface represented by this object:
1906 *
1907 * <OL>
1908 * <LI> If C declares a public field with the name specified, that is the
1909 * field to be reflected.</LI>
1910 * <LI> If no field was found in step 1 above, this algorithm is applied
1911 * recursively to each direct superinterface of C. The direct
1912 * superinterfaces are searched in the order they were declared.</LI>
1913 * <LI> If no field was found in steps 1 and 2 above, and C has a
1914 * superclass S, then this algorithm is invoked recursively upon S.
1915 * If C has no superclass, then a {@code NoSuchFieldException}
1916 * is thrown.</LI>
1917 * </OL>
1918 *
1919 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, then this
1920 * method does not find the {@code length} field of the array type.
1921 *
1922 * @param name the field name
1923 * @return the {@code Field} object of this class specified by
1924 * {@code name}
1925 * @throws NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
1926 * not found.
1927 * @throws NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1928 * @throws SecurityException
1929 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
1930 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1931 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1932 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1933 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1934 * of this class.
1935 *
1936 * @since 1.1
1937 * @jls 8.2 Class Members
1938 * @jls 8.3 Field Declarations
1939 */
1940 @CallerSensitive
1941 public Field getField(String name)
1942 throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {
1943 Objects.requireNonNull(name);
1944 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1945 if (sm != null) {
1946 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1947 }
1948 Field field = getField0(name);
1949 if (field == null) {
1950 throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
1951 }
1952 return getReflectionFactory().copyField(field);
1953 }
1954
1955
1956 /**
1957 * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified public
1958 * member method of the class or interface represented by this
1959 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1960 * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired method. The
1961 * {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of {@code Class}
1962 * objects that identify the method's formal parameter types, in declared
1963 * order. If {@code parameterTypes} is {@code null}, it is
1964 * treated as if it were an empty array.
1965 *
1966 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, then this
1967 * method finds any public method inherited by the array type from
1968 * {@code Object} except method {@code clone()}.
1969 *
1970 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an interface then this
1971 * method does not find any implicitly declared method from
1972 * {@code Object}. Therefore, if no methods are explicitly declared in
1973 * this interface or any of its superinterfaces, then this method does not
1974 * find any method.
1975 *
1976 * <p> This method does not find any method with name "{@code <init>}" or
1977 * "{@code <clinit>}".
1978 *
1979 * <p> Generally, the method to be reflected is determined by the 4 step
1980 * algorithm that follows.
1981 * Let C be the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} object:
1982 * <ol>
1983 * <li> A union of methods is composed of:
1984 * <ol type="a">
1985 * <li> C's declared public instance and static methods as returned by
1986 * {@link #getDeclaredMethods()} and filtered to include only public
1987 * methods that match given {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes}</li>
1988 * <li> If C is a class other than {@code Object}, then include the result
1989 * of invoking this algorithm recursively on the superclass of C.</li>
1990 * <li> Include the results of invoking this algorithm recursively on all
1991 * direct superinterfaces of C, but include only instance methods.</li>
1992 * </ol></li>
1993 * <li> This union is partitioned into subsets of methods with same
1994 * return type (the selection of methods from step 1 also guarantees that
1995 * they have the same method name and parameter types).</li>
1996 * <li> Within each such subset only the most specific methods are selected.
1997 * Let method M be a method from a set of methods with same VM
1998 * signature (return type, name, parameter types).
1999 * M is most specific if there is no such method N != M from the same
2000 * set, such that N is more specific than M. N is more specific than M
2001 * if:
2002 * <ol type="a">
2003 * <li> N is declared by a class and M is declared by an interface; or</li>
2004 * <li> N and M are both declared by classes or both by interfaces and
2005 * N's declaring type is the same as or a subtype of M's declaring type
2006 * (clearly, if M's and N's declaring types are the same type, then
2007 * M and N are the same method).</li>
2008 * </ol></li>
2009 * <li> The result of this algorithm is chosen arbitrarily from the methods
2010 * with most specific return type among all selected methods from step 3.
2011 * Let R be a return type of a method M from the set of all selected methods
2012 * from step 3. M is a method with most specific return type if there is
2013 * no such method N != M from the same set, having return type S != R,
2014 * such that S is a subtype of R as determined by
2015 * R.class.{@link #isAssignableFrom}(S.class).
2016 * </ol>
2017 *
2018 * @apiNote There may be more than one method with matching name and
2019 * parameter types in a class because while the Java language forbids a
2020 * class to declare multiple methods with the same signature but different
2021 * return types, the Java virtual machine does not. This
2022 * increased flexibility in the virtual machine can be used to
2023 * implement various language features. For example, covariant
2024 * returns can be implemented with {@linkplain
2025 * java.lang.reflect.Method#isBridge bridge methods}; the bridge
2026 * method and the overriding method would have the same
2027 * signature but different return types. This method would return the
2028 * overriding method as it would have a more specific return type.
2029 *
2030 * @param name the name of the method
2031 * @param parameterTypes the list of parameters
2032 * @return the {@code Method} object that matches the specified
2033 * {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes}
2034 * @throws NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found
2035 * or if the name is "<init>"or "<clinit>".
2036 * @throws NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
2037 * @throws SecurityException
2038 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
2039 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2040 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2041 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2042 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2043 * of this class.
2044 *
2045 * @jls 8.2 Class Members
2046 * @jls 8.4 Method Declarations
2047 * @since 1.1
2048 */
2049 @CallerSensitive
2050 public Method getMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
2051 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
2052 Objects.requireNonNull(name);
2053 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2054 if (sm != null) {
2055 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2056 }
2057 Method method = getMethod0(name, parameterTypes);
2058 if (method == null) {
2059 throw new NoSuchMethodException(methodToString(name, parameterTypes));
2060 }
2061 return getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(method);
2062 }
2063
2064 /**
2065 * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified public
2066 * member method of the class or interface represented by this
2067 * {@code Class} object.
2068 *
2069 * @param name the name of the method
2070 * @param parameterTypes the list of parameters
2071 * @return the {@code Method} object that matches the specified
2072 * {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes}; {@code null}
2073 * if the method is not found or the name is
2074 * "<init>"or "<clinit>".
2075 */
2076 Method getMethodOrNull(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes) {
2077 Objects.requireNonNull(name);
2078 Method method = getMethod0(name, parameterTypes);
2079 return method == null ? null : getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(method);
2080 }
2081
2082
2083 /**
2084 * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified
2085 * public constructor of the class represented by this {@code Class}
2086 * object. The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
2087 * {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's formal
2088 * parameter types, in declared order.
2089 *
2090 * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class
2091 * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types
2092 * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
2093 *
2094 * <p> The constructor to reflect is the public constructor of the class
2095 * represented by this {@code Class} object whose formal parameter
2096 * types match those specified by {@code parameterTypes}.
2097 *
2098 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
2099 * @return the {@code Constructor} object of the public constructor that
2100 * matches the specified {@code parameterTypes}
2101 * @throws NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
2102 * @throws SecurityException
2103 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
2104 * the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2105 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2106 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2107 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2108 * of this class.
2109 *
2110 * @since 1.1
2111 */
2112 @CallerSensitive
2113 public Constructor<T> getConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
2114 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException
2115 {
2116 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2117 if (sm != null) {
2118 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2119 }
2120 return getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(
2121 getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.PUBLIC));
2122 }
2123
2124
2125 /**
2126 * Returns an array of {@code Class} objects reflecting all the
2127 * classes and interfaces declared as members of the class represented by
2128 * this {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
2129 * (package) access, and private classes and interfaces declared by the
2130 * class, but excludes inherited classes and interfaces. This method
2131 * returns an array of length 0 if the class declares no classes or
2132 * interfaces as members, or if this {@code Class} object represents a
2133 * primitive type, an array class, or void.
2134 *
2135 * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing all the
2136 * declared members of this class
2137 * @throws SecurityException
2138 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2139 * following conditions is met:
2140 *
2141 * <ul>
2142 *
2143 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
2144 * class loader of this class and invocation of
2145 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
2146 * s.checkPermission} method with
2147 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
2148 * denies access to the declared classes within this class
2149 *
2150 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2151 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2152 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2153 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2154 * of this class
2155 *
2156 * </ul>
2157 *
2158 * @since 1.1
2159 */
2160 @CallerSensitive
2161 public Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses() throws SecurityException {
2162 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2163 if (sm != null) {
2164 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), false);
2165 }
2166 return getDeclaredClasses0();
2167 }
2168
2169
2170 /**
2171 * Returns an array of {@code Field} objects reflecting all the fields
2172 * declared by the class or interface represented by this
2173 * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
2174 * (package) access, and private fields, but excludes inherited fields.
2175 *
2176 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class or interface with no
2177 * declared fields, then this method returns an array of length 0.
2178 *
2179 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, a primitive
2180 * type, or void, then this method returns an array of length 0.
2181 *
2182 * <p> The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any
2183 * particular order.
2184 *
2185 * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing all the
2186 * declared fields of this class
2187 * @throws SecurityException
2188 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2189 * following conditions is met:
2190 *
2191 * <ul>
2192 *
2193 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
2194 * class loader of this class and invocation of
2195 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
2196 * s.checkPermission} method with
2197 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
2198 * denies access to the declared fields within this class
2199 *
2200 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2201 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2202 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2203 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2204 * of this class
2205 *
2206 * </ul>
2207 *
2208 * @since 1.1
2209 * @jls 8.2 Class Members
2210 * @jls 8.3 Field Declarations
2211 */
2212 @CallerSensitive
2213 public Field[] getDeclaredFields() throws SecurityException {
2214 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2215 if (sm != null) {
2216 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2217 }
2218 return copyFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false));
2219 }
2220
2221
2222 /**
2223 *
2224 * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all the
2225 * declared methods of the class or interface represented by this {@code
2226 * Class} object, including public, protected, default (package)
2227 * access, and private methods, but excluding inherited methods.
2228 *
2229 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a type that has multiple
2230 * declared methods with the same name and parameter types, but different
2231 * return types, then the returned array has a {@code Method} object for
2232 * each such method.
2233 *
2234 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a type that has a class
2235 * initialization method {@code <clinit>}, then the returned array does
2236 * <em>not</em> have a corresponding {@code Method} object.
2237 *
2238 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class or interface with no
2239 * declared methods, then the returned array has length 0.
2240 *
2241 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, a primitive
2242 * type, or void, then the returned array has length 0.
2243 *
2244 * <p> The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any
2245 * particular order.
2246 *
2247 * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing all the
2248 * declared methods of this class
2249 * @throws SecurityException
2250 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2251 * following conditions is met:
2252 *
2253 * <ul>
2254 *
2255 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
2256 * class loader of this class and invocation of
2257 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
2258 * s.checkPermission} method with
2259 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
2260 * denies access to the declared methods within this class
2261 *
2262 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2263 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2264 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2265 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2266 * of this class
2267 *
2268 * </ul>
2269 *
2270 * @jls 8.2 Class Members
2271 * @jls 8.4 Method Declarations
2272 * @since 1.1
2273 */
2274 @CallerSensitive
2275 public Method[] getDeclaredMethods() throws SecurityException {
2276 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2277 if (sm != null) {
2278 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2279 }
2280 return copyMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false));
2281 }
2282
2283
2284 /**
2285 * Returns an array of {@code Constructor} objects reflecting all the
2286 * constructors declared by the class represented by this
2287 * {@code Class} object. These are public, protected, default
2288 * (package) access, and private constructors. The elements in the array
2289 * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order. If the
2290 * class has a default constructor, it is included in the returned array.
2291 * This method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class}
2292 * object represents an interface, a primitive type, an array class, or
2293 * void.
2294 *
2295 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.
2296 *
2297 * @return the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing all the
2298 * declared constructors of this class
2299 * @throws SecurityException
2300 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2301 * following conditions is met:
2302 *
2303 * <ul>
2304 *
2305 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
2306 * class loader of this class and invocation of
2307 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
2308 * s.checkPermission} method with
2309 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
2310 * denies access to the declared constructors within this class
2311 *
2312 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2313 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2314 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2315 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2316 * of this class
2317 *
2318 * </ul>
2319 *
2320 * @since 1.1
2321 */
2322 @CallerSensitive
2323 public Constructor<?>[] getDeclaredConstructors() throws SecurityException {
2324 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2325 if (sm != null) {
2326 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2327 }
2328 return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(false));
2329 }
2330
2331
2332 /**
2333 * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified declared
2334 * field of the class or interface represented by this {@code Class}
2335 * object. The {@code name} parameter is a {@code String} that specifies
2336 * the simple name of the desired field.
2337 *
2338 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, then this
2339 * method does not find the {@code length} field of the array type.
2340 *
2341 * @param name the name of the field
2342 * @return the {@code Field} object for the specified field in this
2343 * class
2344 * @throws NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
2345 * not found.
2346 * @throws NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
2347 * @throws SecurityException
2348 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2349 * following conditions is met:
2350 *
2351 * <ul>
2352 *
2353 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
2354 * class loader of this class and invocation of
2355 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
2356 * s.checkPermission} method with
2357 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
2358 * denies access to the declared field
2359 *
2360 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2361 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2362 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2363 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2364 * of this class
2365 *
2366 * </ul>
2367 *
2368 * @since 1.1
2369 * @jls 8.2 Class Members
2370 * @jls 8.3 Field Declarations
2371 */
2372 @CallerSensitive
2373 public Field getDeclaredField(String name)
2374 throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {
2375 Objects.requireNonNull(name);
2376 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2377 if (sm != null) {
2378 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2379 }
2380 Field field = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false), name);
2381 if (field == null) {
2382 throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
2383 }
2384 return getReflectionFactory().copyField(field);
2385 }
2386
2387
2388 /**
2389 * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified
2390 * declared method of the class or interface represented by this
2391 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
2392 * {@code String} that specifies the simple name of the desired
2393 * method, and the {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
2394 * {@code Class} objects that identify the method's formal parameter
2395 * types, in declared order. If more than one method with the same
2396 * parameter types is declared in a class, and one of these methods has a
2397 * return type that is more specific than any of the others, that method is
2398 * returned; otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily. If the
2399 * name is "<init>"or "<clinit>" a {@code NoSuchMethodException}
2400 * is raised.
2401 *
2402 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, then this
2403 * method does not find the {@code clone()} method.
2404 *
2405 * @param name the name of the method
2406 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
2407 * @return the {@code Method} object for the method of this class
2408 * matching the specified name and parameters
2409 * @throws NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
2410 * @throws NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
2411 * @throws SecurityException
2412 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2413 * following conditions is met:
2414 *
2415 * <ul>
2416 *
2417 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
2418 * class loader of this class and invocation of
2419 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
2420 * s.checkPermission} method with
2421 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
2422 * denies access to the declared method
2423 *
2424 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2425 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2426 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2427 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2428 * of this class
2429 *
2430 * </ul>
2431 *
2432 * @jls 8.2 Class Members
2433 * @jls 8.4 Method Declarations
2434 * @since 1.1
2435 */
2436 @CallerSensitive
2437 public Method getDeclaredMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
2438 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
2439 Objects.requireNonNull(name);
2440 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2441 if (sm != null) {
2442 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2443 }
2444 Method method = searchMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false), name, parameterTypes);
2445 if (method == null) {
2446 throw new NoSuchMethodException(methodToString(name, parameterTypes));
2447 }
2448 return getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(method);
2449 }
2450
2451
2452 /**
2453 * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified
2454 * constructor of the class or interface represented by this
2455 * {@code Class} object. The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is
2456 * an array of {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's
2457 * formal parameter types, in declared order.
2458 *
2459 * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class
2460 * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types
2461 * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
2462 *
2463 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
2464 * @return The {@code Constructor} object for the constructor with the
2465 * specified parameter list
2466 * @throws NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
2467 * @throws SecurityException
2468 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2469 * following conditions is met:
2470 *
2471 * <ul>
2472 *
2473 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
2474 * class loader of this class and invocation of
2475 * {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
2476 * s.checkPermission} method with
2477 * {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
2478 * denies access to the declared constructor
2479 *
2480 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2481 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2482 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2483 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2484 * of this class
2485 *
2486 * </ul>
2487 *
2488 * @since 1.1
2489 */
2490 @CallerSensitive
2491 public Constructor<T> getDeclaredConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
2492 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException
2493 {
2494 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2495 if (sm != null) {
2496 checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2497 }
2498
2499 return getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(
2500 getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.DECLARED));
2501 }
2502
2503 /**
2504 * Finds a resource with a given name.
2505 *
2506 * <p> If this class is in a named {@link Module Module} then this method
2507 * will attempt to find the resource in the module. This is done by
2508 * delegating to the module's class loader {@link
2509 * ClassLoader#findResource(String,String) findResource(String,String)}
2510 * method, invoking it with the module name and the absolute name of the
2511 * resource. Resources in named modules are subject to the rules for
2512 * encapsulation specified in the {@code Module} {@link
2513 * Module#getResourceAsStream getResourceAsStream} method and so this
2514 * method returns {@code null} when the resource is a
2515 * non-"{@code .class}" resource in a package that is not open to the
2516 * caller's module.
2517 *
2518 * <p> Otherwise, if this class is not in a named module then the rules for
2519 * searching resources associated with a given class are implemented by the
2520 * defining {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class. This method
2521 * delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by
2522 * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
2523 * ClassLoader#getSystemResourceAsStream}.
2524 *
2525 * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
2526 * given resource name using this algorithm:
2527 *
2528 * <ul>
2529 *
2530 * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
2531 * (<code>'\u002f'</code>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
2532 * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
2533 *
2534 * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
2535 *
2536 * <blockquote>
2537 * {@code modified_package_name/name}
2538 * </blockquote>
2539 *
2540 * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
2541 * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
2542 * (<code>'\u002e'</code>).
2543 *
2544 * </ul>
2545 *
2546 * @param name name of the desired resource
2547 * @return A {@link java.io.InputStream} object; {@code null} if no
2548 * resource with this name is found, the resource is in a package
2549 * that is not {@link Module#isOpen(String, Module) open} to at
2550 * least the caller module, or access to the resource is denied
2551 * by the security manager.
2552 * @throws NullPointerException If {@code name} is {@code null}
2553 *
2554 * @see Module#getResourceAsStream(String)
2555 * @since 1.1
2556 * @revised 9
2557 * @spec JPMS
2558 */
2559 @CallerSensitive
2560 public InputStream getResourceAsStream(String name) {
2561 name = resolveName(name);
2562
2563 Module thisModule = getModule();
2564 if (thisModule.isNamed()) {
2565 // check if resource can be located by caller
2566 if (Resources.canEncapsulate(name)
2567 && !isOpenToCaller(name, Reflection.getCallerClass())) {
2568 return null;
2569 }
2570
2571 // resource not encapsulated or in package open to caller
2572 String mn = thisModule.getName();
2573 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2574 try {
2575
2576 // special-case built-in class loaders to avoid the
2577 // need for a URL connection
2578 if (cl == null) {
2579 return BootLoader.findResourceAsStream(mn, name);
2580 } else if (cl instanceof BuiltinClassLoader) {
2581 return ((BuiltinClassLoader) cl).findResourceAsStream(mn, name);
2582 } else {
2583 URL url = cl.findResource(mn, name);
2584 return (url != null) ? url.openStream() : null;
2585 }
2586
2587 } catch (IOException | SecurityException e) {
2588 return null;
2589 }
2590 }
2591
2592 // unnamed module
2593 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2594 if (cl == null) {
2595 return ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name);
2596 } else {
2597 return cl.getResourceAsStream(name);
2598 }
2599 }
2600
2601 /**
2602 * Finds a resource with a given name.
2603 *
2604 * <p> If this class is in a named {@link Module Module} then this method
2605 * will attempt to find the resource in the module. This is done by
2606 * delegating to the module's class loader {@link
2607 * ClassLoader#findResource(String,String) findResource(String,String)}
2608 * method, invoking it with the module name and the absolute name of the
2609 * resource. Resources in named modules are subject to the rules for
2610 * encapsulation specified in the {@code Module} {@link
2611 * Module#getResourceAsStream getResourceAsStream} method and so this
2612 * method returns {@code null} when the resource is a
2613 * non-"{@code .class}" resource in a package that is not open to the
2614 * caller's module.
2615 *
2616 * <p> Otherwise, if this class is not in a named module then the rules for
2617 * searching resources associated with a given class are implemented by the
2618 * defining {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class. This method
2619 * delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by
2620 * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
2621 * ClassLoader#getSystemResource}.
2622 *
2623 * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
2624 * given resource name using this algorithm:
2625 *
2626 * <ul>
2627 *
2628 * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
2629 * (<code>'\u002f'</code>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
2630 * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
2631 *
2632 * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
2633 *
2634 * <blockquote>
2635 * {@code modified_package_name/name}
2636 * </blockquote>
2637 *
2638 * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
2639 * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
2640 * (<code>'\u002e'</code>).
2641 *
2642 * </ul>
2643 *
2644 * @param name name of the desired resource
2645 * @return A {@link java.net.URL} object; {@code null} if no resource with
2646 * this name is found, the resource cannot be located by a URL, the
2647 * resource is in a package that is not
2648 * {@link Module#isOpen(String, Module) open} to at least the caller
2649 * module, or access to the resource is denied by the security
2650 * manager.
2651 * @throws NullPointerException If {@code name} is {@code null}
2652 * @since 1.1
2653 * @revised 9
2654 * @spec JPMS
2655 */
2656 @CallerSensitive
2657 public URL getResource(String name) {
2658 name = resolveName(name);
2659
2660 Module thisModule = getModule();
2661 if (thisModule.isNamed()) {
2662 // check if resource can be located by caller
2663 if (Resources.canEncapsulate(name)
2664 && !isOpenToCaller(name, Reflection.getCallerClass())) {
2665 return null;
2666 }
2667
2668 // resource not encapsulated or in package open to caller
2669 String mn = thisModule.getName();
2670 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2671 try {
2672 if (cl == null) {
2673 return BootLoader.findResource(mn, name);
2674 } else {
2675 return cl.findResource(mn, name);
2676 }
2677 } catch (IOException ioe) {
2678 return null;
2679 }
2680 }
2681
2682 // unnamed module
2683 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2684 if (cl == null) {
2685 return ClassLoader.getSystemResource(name);
2686 } else {
2687 return cl.getResource(name);
2688 }
2689 }
2690
2691 /**
2692 * Returns true if a resource with the given name can be located by the
2693 * given caller. All resources in a module can be located by code in
2694 * the module. For other callers, then the package needs to be open to
2695 * the caller.
2696 */
2697 private boolean isOpenToCaller(String name, Class<?> caller) {
2698 // assert getModule().isNamed();
2699 Module thisModule = getModule();
2700 Module callerModule = (caller != null) ? caller.getModule() : null;
2701 if (callerModule != thisModule) {
2702 String pn = Resources.toPackageName(name);
2703 if (thisModule.getDescriptor().packages().contains(pn)) {
2704 if (callerModule == null && !thisModule.isOpen(pn)) {
2705 // no caller, package not open
2706 return false;
2707 }
2708 if (!thisModule.isOpen(pn, callerModule)) {
2709 // package not open to caller
2710 return false;
2711 }
2712 }
2713 }
2714 return true;
2715 }
2716
2717
2718 /** protection domain returned when the internal domain is null */
2719 private static java.security.ProtectionDomain allPermDomain;
2720
2721 /**
2722 * Returns the {@code ProtectionDomain} of this class. If there is a
2723 * security manager installed, this method first calls the security
2724 * manager's {@code checkPermission} method with a
2725 * {@code RuntimePermission("getProtectionDomain")} permission to
2726 * ensure it's ok to get the
2727 * {@code ProtectionDomain}.
2728 *
2729 * @return the ProtectionDomain of this class
2730 *
2731 * @throws SecurityException
2732 * if a security manager exists and its
2733 * {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow
2734 * getting the ProtectionDomain.
2735 *
2736 * @see java.security.ProtectionDomain
2737 * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
2738 * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
2739 * @since 1.2
2740 */
2741 public java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain() {
2742 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2743 if (sm != null) {
2744 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_PD_PERMISSION);
2745 }
2746 java.security.ProtectionDomain pd = getProtectionDomain0();
2747 if (pd == null) {
2748 if (allPermDomain == null) {
2749 java.security.Permissions perms =
2750 new java.security.Permissions();
2751 perms.add(SecurityConstants.ALL_PERMISSION);
2752 allPermDomain =
2753 new java.security.ProtectionDomain(null, perms);
2754 }
2755 pd = allPermDomain;
2756 }
2757 return pd;
2758 }
2759
2760
2761 /**
2762 * Returns the ProtectionDomain of this class.
2763 */
2764 private native java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain0();
2765
2766 /*
2767 * Return the Virtual Machine's Class object for the named
2768 * primitive type.
2769 */
2770 static native Class<?> getPrimitiveClass(String name);
2771
2772 /*
2773 * Check if client is allowed to access members. If access is denied,
2774 * throw a SecurityException.
2775 *
2776 * This method also enforces package access.
2777 *
2778 * <p> Default policy: allow all clients access with normal Java access
2779 * control.
2780 *
2781 * <p> NOTE: should only be called if a SecurityManager is installed
2782 */
2783 private void checkMemberAccess(SecurityManager sm, int which,
2784 Class<?> caller, boolean checkProxyInterfaces) {
2785 /* Default policy allows access to all {@link Member#PUBLIC} members,
2786 * as well as access to classes that have the same class loader as the caller.
2787 * In all other cases, it requires RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")
2788 * permission.
2789 */
2790 final ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getClassLoader(caller);
2791 if (which != Member.PUBLIC) {
2792 final ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2793 if (ccl != cl) {
2794 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.CHECK_MEMBER_ACCESS_PERMISSION);
2795 }
2796 }
2797 this.checkPackageAccess(sm, ccl, checkProxyInterfaces);
2798 }
2799
2800 /*
2801 * Checks if a client loaded in ClassLoader ccl is allowed to access this
2802 * class under the current package access policy. If access is denied,
2803 * throw a SecurityException.
2804 *
2805 * NOTE: this method should only be called if a SecurityManager is active
2806 */
2807 private void checkPackageAccess(SecurityManager sm, final ClassLoader ccl,
2808 boolean checkProxyInterfaces) {
2809 final ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2810
2811 if (ReflectUtil.needsPackageAccessCheck(ccl, cl)) {
2812 String pkg = this.getPackageName();
2813 if (pkg != null && !pkg.isEmpty()) {
2814 // skip the package access check on a proxy class in default proxy package
2815 if (!Proxy.isProxyClass(this) || ReflectUtil.isNonPublicProxyClass(this)) {
2816 sm.checkPackageAccess(pkg);
2817 }
2818 }
2819 }
2820 // check package access on the proxy interfaces
2821 if (checkProxyInterfaces && Proxy.isProxyClass(this)) {
2822 ReflectUtil.checkProxyPackageAccess(ccl, this.getInterfaces());
2823 }
2824 }
2825
2826 /**
2827 * Add a package name prefix if the name is not absolute Remove leading "/"
2828 * if name is absolute
2829 */
2830 private String resolveName(String name) {
2831 if (!name.startsWith("/")) {
2832 Class<?> c = this;
2833 while (c.isArray()) {
2834 c = c.getComponentType();
2835 }
2836 String baseName = c.getPackageName();
2837 if (baseName != null && !baseName.isEmpty()) {
2838 name = baseName.replace('.', '/') + "/" + name;
2839 }
2840 } else {
2841 name = name.substring(1);
2842 }
2843 return name;
2844 }
2845
2846 /**
2847 * Atomic operations support.
2848 */
2849 private static class Atomic {
2850 // initialize Unsafe machinery here, since we need to call Class.class instance method
2851 // and have to avoid calling it in the static initializer of the Class class...
2852 private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
2853 // offset of Class.reflectionData instance field
2854 private static final long reflectionDataOffset;
2855 // offset of Class.annotationType instance field
2856 private static final long annotationTypeOffset;
2857 // offset of Class.annotationData instance field
2858 private static final long annotationDataOffset;
2859
2860 static {
2861 Field[] fields = Class.class.getDeclaredFields0(false); // bypass caches
2862 reflectionDataOffset = objectFieldOffset(fields, "reflectionData");
2863 annotationTypeOffset = objectFieldOffset(fields, "annotationType");
2864 annotationDataOffset = objectFieldOffset(fields, "annotationData");
2865 }
2866
2867 private static long objectFieldOffset(Field[] fields, String fieldName) {
2868 Field field = searchFields(fields, fieldName);
2869 if (field == null) {
2870 throw new Error("No " + fieldName + " field found in java.lang.Class");
2871 }
2872 return unsafe.objectFieldOffset(field);
2873 }
2874
2875 static <T> boolean casReflectionData(Class<?> clazz,
2876 SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> oldData,
2877 SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> newData) {
2878 return unsafe.compareAndSetObject(clazz, reflectionDataOffset, oldData, newData);
2879 }
2880
2881 static <T> boolean casAnnotationType(Class<?> clazz,
2882 AnnotationType oldType,
2883 AnnotationType newType) {
2884 return unsafe.compareAndSetObject(clazz, annotationTypeOffset, oldType, newType);
2885 }
2886
2887 static <T> boolean casAnnotationData(Class<?> clazz,
2888 AnnotationData oldData,
2889 AnnotationData newData) {
2890 return unsafe.compareAndSetObject(clazz, annotationDataOffset, oldData, newData);
2891 }
2892 }
2893
2894 /**
2895 * Reflection support.
2896 */
2897
2898 // reflection data that might get invalidated when JVM TI RedefineClasses() is called
2899 private static class ReflectionData<T> {
2900 volatile Field[] declaredFields;
2901 volatile Field[] publicFields;
2902 volatile Method[] declaredMethods;
2903 volatile Method[] publicMethods;
2904 volatile Constructor<T>[] declaredConstructors;
2905 volatile Constructor<T>[] publicConstructors;
2906 // Intermediate results for getFields and getMethods
2907 volatile Field[] declaredPublicFields;
2908 volatile Method[] declaredPublicMethods;
2909 volatile Class<?>[] interfaces;
2910
2911 // Value of classRedefinedCount when we created this ReflectionData instance
2912 final int redefinedCount;
2913
2914 ReflectionData(int redefinedCount) {
2915 this.redefinedCount = redefinedCount;
2916 }
2917 }
2918
2919 private transient volatile SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> reflectionData;
2920
2921 // Incremented by the VM on each call to JVM TI RedefineClasses()
2922 // that redefines this class or a superclass.
2923 private transient volatile int classRedefinedCount;
2924
2925 // Lazily create and cache ReflectionData
2926 private ReflectionData<T> reflectionData() {
2927 SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> reflectionData = this.reflectionData;
2928 int classRedefinedCount = this.classRedefinedCount;
2929 ReflectionData<T> rd;
2930 if (reflectionData != null &&
2931 (rd = reflectionData.get()) != null &&
2932 rd.redefinedCount == classRedefinedCount) {
2933 return rd;
2934 }
2935 // else no SoftReference or cleared SoftReference or stale ReflectionData
2936 // -> create and replace new instance
2937 return newReflectionData(reflectionData, classRedefinedCount);
2938 }
2939
2940 private ReflectionData<T> newReflectionData(SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> oldReflectionData,
2941 int classRedefinedCount) {
2942 while (true) {
2943 ReflectionData<T> rd = new ReflectionData<>(classRedefinedCount);
2944 // try to CAS it...
2945 if (Atomic.casReflectionData(this, oldReflectionData, new SoftReference<>(rd))) {
2946 return rd;
2947 }
2948 // else retry
2949 oldReflectionData = this.reflectionData;
2950 classRedefinedCount = this.classRedefinedCount;
2951 if (oldReflectionData != null &&
2952 (rd = oldReflectionData.get()) != null &&
2953 rd.redefinedCount == classRedefinedCount) {
2954 return rd;
2955 }
2956 }
2957 }
2958
2959 // Generic signature handling
2960 private native String getGenericSignature0();
2961
2962 // Generic info repository; lazily initialized
2963 private transient volatile ClassRepository genericInfo;
2964
2965 // accessor for factory
2966 private GenericsFactory getFactory() {
2967 // create scope and factory
2968 return CoreReflectionFactory.make(this, ClassScope.make(this));
2969 }
2970
2971 // accessor for generic info repository;
2972 // generic info is lazily initialized
2973 private ClassRepository getGenericInfo() {
2974 ClassRepository genericInfo = this.genericInfo;
2975 if (genericInfo == null) {
2976 String signature = getGenericSignature0();
2977 if (signature == null) {
2978 genericInfo = ClassRepository.NONE;
2979 } else {
2980 genericInfo = ClassRepository.make(signature, getFactory());
2981 }
2982 this.genericInfo = genericInfo;
2983 }
2984 return (genericInfo != ClassRepository.NONE) ? genericInfo : null;
2985 }
2986
2987 // Annotations handling
2988 native byte[] getRawAnnotations();
2989 // Since 1.8
2990 native byte[] getRawTypeAnnotations();
2991 static byte[] getExecutableTypeAnnotationBytes(Executable ex) {
2992 return getReflectionFactory().getExecutableTypeAnnotationBytes(ex);
2993 }
2994
2995 native ConstantPool getConstantPool();
2996
2997 //
2998 //
2999 // java.lang.reflect.Field handling
3000 //
3001 //
3002
3003 // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT
3004 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3005 // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
3006 private Field[] privateGetDeclaredFields(boolean publicOnly) {
3007 Field[] res;
3008 ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
3009 if (rd != null) {
3010 res = publicOnly ? rd.declaredPublicFields : rd.declaredFields;
3011 if (res != null) return res;
3012 }
3013 // No cached value available; request value from VM
3014 res = Reflection.filterFields(this, getDeclaredFields0(publicOnly));
3015 if (rd != null) {
3016 if (publicOnly) {
3017 rd.declaredPublicFields = res;
3018 } else {
3019 rd.declaredFields = res;
3020 }
3021 }
3022 return res;
3023 }
3024
3025 // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT
3026 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3027 // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
3028 private Field[] privateGetPublicFields(Set<Class<?>> traversedInterfaces) {
3029 Field[] res;
3030 ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
3031 if (rd != null) {
3032 res = rd.publicFields;
3033 if (res != null) return res;
3034 }
3035
3036 // No cached value available; compute value recursively.
3037 // Traverse in correct order for getField().
3038 List<Field> fields = new ArrayList<>();
3039 if (traversedInterfaces == null) {
3040 traversedInterfaces = new HashSet<>();
3041 }
3042
3043 // Local fields
3044 Field[] tmp = privateGetDeclaredFields(true);
3045 addAll(fields, tmp);
3046
3047 // Direct superinterfaces, recursively
3048 for (Class<?> c : getInterfaces()) {
3049 if (!traversedInterfaces.contains(c)) {
3050 traversedInterfaces.add(c);
3051 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));
3052 }
3053 }
3054
3055 // Direct superclass, recursively
3056 if (!isInterface()) {
3057 Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
3058 if (c != null) {
3059 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));
3060 }
3061 }
3062
3063 res = new Field[fields.size()];
3064 fields.toArray(res);
3065 if (rd != null) {
3066 rd.publicFields = res;
3067 }
3068 return res;
3069 }
3070
3071 private static void addAll(Collection<Field> c, Field[] o) {
3072 for (Field f : o) {
3073 c.add(f);
3074 }
3075 }
3076
3077
3078 //
3079 //
3080 // java.lang.reflect.Constructor handling
3081 //
3082 //
3083
3084 // Returns an array of "root" constructors. These Constructor
3085 // objects must NOT be propagated to the outside world, but must
3086 // instead be copied via ReflectionFactory.copyConstructor.
3087 private Constructor<T>[] privateGetDeclaredConstructors(boolean publicOnly) {
3088 Constructor<T>[] res;
3089 ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
3090 if (rd != null) {
3091 res = publicOnly ? rd.publicConstructors : rd.declaredConstructors;
3092 if (res != null) return res;
3093 }
3094 // No cached value available; request value from VM
3095 if (isInterface()) {
3096 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3097 Constructor<T>[] temporaryRes = (Constructor<T>[]) new Constructor<?>[0];
3098 res = temporaryRes;
3099 } else {
3100 res = getDeclaredConstructors0(publicOnly);
3101 }
3102 if (rd != null) {
3103 if (publicOnly) {
3104 rd.publicConstructors = res;
3105 } else {
3106 rd.declaredConstructors = res;
3107 }
3108 }
3109 return res;
3110 }
3111
3112 //
3113 //
3114 // java.lang.reflect.Method handling
3115 //
3116 //
3117
3118 // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT
3119 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3120 // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
3121 private Method[] privateGetDeclaredMethods(boolean publicOnly) {
3122 Method[] res;
3123 ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
3124 if (rd != null) {
3125 res = publicOnly ? rd.declaredPublicMethods : rd.declaredMethods;
3126 if (res != null) return res;
3127 }
3128 // No cached value available; request value from VM
3129 res = Reflection.filterMethods(this, getDeclaredMethods0(publicOnly));
3130 if (rd != null) {
3131 if (publicOnly) {
3132 rd.declaredPublicMethods = res;
3133 } else {
3134 rd.declaredMethods = res;
3135 }
3136 }
3137 return res;
3138 }
3139
3140 // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT
3141 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3142 // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
3143 private Method[] privateGetPublicMethods() {
3144 Method[] res;
3145 ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
3146 if (rd != null) {
3147 res = rd.publicMethods;
3148 if (res != null) return res;
3149 }
3150
3151 // No cached value available; compute value recursively.
3152 // Start by fetching public declared methods...
3153 PublicMethods pms = new PublicMethods();
3154 for (Method m : privateGetDeclaredMethods(/* publicOnly */ true)) {
3155 pms.merge(m);
3156 }
3157 // ...then recur over superclass methods...
3158 Class<?> sc = getSuperclass();
3159 if (sc != null) {
3160 for (Method m : sc.privateGetPublicMethods()) {
3161 pms.merge(m);
3162 }
3163 }
3164 // ...and finally over direct superinterfaces.
3165 for (Class<?> intf : getInterfaces(/* cloneArray */ false)) {
3166 for (Method m : intf.privateGetPublicMethods()) {
3167 // static interface methods are not inherited
3168 if (!Modifier.isStatic(m.getModifiers())) {
3169 pms.merge(m);
3170 }
3171 }
3172 }
3173
3174 res = pms.toArray();
3175 if (rd != null) {
3176 rd.publicMethods = res;
3177 }
3178 return res;
3179 }
3180
3181
3182 //
3183 // Helpers for fetchers of one field, method, or constructor
3184 //
3185
3186 // This method does not copy the returned Field object!
3187 private static Field searchFields(Field[] fields, String name) {
3188 for (Field field : fields) {
3189 if (field.getName().equals(name)) {
3190 return field;
3191 }
3192 }
3193 return null;
3194 }
3195
3196 // Returns a "root" Field object. This Field object must NOT
3197 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3198 // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
3199 private Field getField0(String name) {
3200 // Note: the intent is that the search algorithm this routine
3201 // uses be equivalent to the ordering imposed by
3202 // privateGetPublicFields(). It fetches only the declared
3203 // public fields for each class, however, to reduce the number
3204 // of Field objects which have to be created for the common
3205 // case where the field being requested is declared in the
3206 // class which is being queried.
3207 Field res;
3208 // Search declared public fields
3209 if ((res = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(true), name)) != null) {
3210 return res;
3211 }
3212 // Direct superinterfaces, recursively
3213 Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces(/* cloneArray */ false);
3214 for (Class<?> c : interfaces) {
3215 if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {
3216 return res;
3217 }
3218 }
3219 // Direct superclass, recursively
3220 if (!isInterface()) {
3221 Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
3222 if (c != null) {
3223 if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {
3224 return res;
3225 }
3226 }
3227 }
3228 return null;
3229 }
3230
3231 // This method does not copy the returned Method object!
3232 private static Method searchMethods(Method[] methods,
3233 String name,
3234 Class<?>[] parameterTypes)
3235 {
3236 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
3237 Method res = null;
3238 for (Method m : methods) {
3239 if (m.getName().equals(name)
3240 && arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes,
3241 fact.getExecutableSharedParameterTypes(m))
3242 && (res == null
3243 || (res.getReturnType() != m.getReturnType()
3244 && res.getReturnType().isAssignableFrom(m.getReturnType()))))
3245 res = m;
3246 }
3247 return res;
3248 }
3249
3250 private static final Class<?>[] EMPTY_CLASS_ARRAY = new Class<?>[0];
3251
3252 // Returns a "root" Method object. This Method object must NOT
3253 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3254 // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
3255 private Method getMethod0(String name, Class<?>[] parameterTypes) {
3256 PublicMethods.MethodList res = getMethodsRecursive(
3257 name,
3258 parameterTypes == null ? EMPTY_CLASS_ARRAY : parameterTypes,
3259 /* includeStatic */ true);
3260 return res == null ? null : res.getMostSpecific();
3261 }
3262
3263 // Returns a list of "root" Method objects. These Method objects must NOT
3264 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3265 // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
3266 private PublicMethods.MethodList getMethodsRecursive(String name,
3267 Class<?>[] parameterTypes,
3268 boolean includeStatic) {
3269 // 1st check declared public methods
3270 Method[] methods = privateGetDeclaredMethods(/* publicOnly */ true);
3271 PublicMethods.MethodList res = PublicMethods.MethodList
3272 .filter(methods, name, parameterTypes, includeStatic);
3273 // if there is at least one match among declared methods, we need not
3274 // search any further as such match surely overrides matching methods
3275 // declared in superclass(es) or interface(s).
3276 if (res != null) {
3277 return res;
3278 }
3279
3280 // if there was no match among declared methods,
3281 // we must consult the superclass (if any) recursively...
3282 Class<?> sc = getSuperclass();
3283 if (sc != null) {
3284 res = sc.getMethodsRecursive(name, parameterTypes, includeStatic);
3285 }
3286
3287 // ...and coalesce the superclass methods with methods obtained
3288 // from directly implemented interfaces excluding static methods...
3289 for (Class<?> intf : getInterfaces(/* cloneArray */ false)) {
3290 res = PublicMethods.MethodList.merge(
3291 res, intf.getMethodsRecursive(name, parameterTypes,
3292 /* includeStatic */ false));
3293 }
3294
3295 return res;
3296 }
3297
3298 // Returns a "root" Constructor object. This Constructor object must NOT
3299 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3300 // via ReflectionFactory.copyConstructor.
3301 private Constructor<T> getConstructor0(Class<?>[] parameterTypes,
3302 int which) throws NoSuchMethodException
3303 {
3304 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
3305 Constructor<T>[] constructors = privateGetDeclaredConstructors((which == Member.PUBLIC));
3306 for (Constructor<T> constructor : constructors) {
3307 if (arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes,
3308 fact.getExecutableSharedParameterTypes(constructor))) {
3309 return constructor;
3310 }
3311 }
3312 throw new NoSuchMethodException(methodToString("<init>", parameterTypes));
3313 }
3314
3315 //
3316 // Other helpers and base implementation
3317 //
3318
3319 private static boolean arrayContentsEq(Object[] a1, Object[] a2) {
3320 if (a1 == null) {
3321 return a2 == null || a2.length == 0;
3322 }
3323
3324 if (a2 == null) {
3325 return a1.length == 0;
3326 }
3327
3328 if (a1.length != a2.length) {
3329 return false;
3330 }
3331
3332 for (int i = 0; i < a1.length; i++) {
3333 if (a1[i] != a2[i]) {
3334 return false;
3335 }
3336 }
3337
3338 return true;
3339 }
3340
3341 private static Field[] copyFields(Field[] arg) {
3342 Field[] out = new Field[arg.length];
3343 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
3344 for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
3345 out[i] = fact.copyField(arg[i]);
3346 }
3347 return out;
3348 }
3349
3350 private static Method[] copyMethods(Method[] arg) {
3351 Method[] out = new Method[arg.length];
3352 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
3353 for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
3354 out[i] = fact.copyMethod(arg[i]);
3355 }
3356 return out;
3357 }
3358
3359 private static <U> Constructor<U>[] copyConstructors(Constructor<U>[] arg) {
3360 Constructor<U>[] out = arg.clone();
3361 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
3362 for (int i = 0; i < out.length; i++) {
3363 out[i] = fact.copyConstructor(out[i]);
3364 }
3365 return out;
3366 }
3367
3368 private native Field[] getDeclaredFields0(boolean publicOnly);
3369 private native Method[] getDeclaredMethods0(boolean publicOnly);
3370 private native Constructor<T>[] getDeclaredConstructors0(boolean publicOnly);
3371 private native Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses0();
3372
3373 /**
3374 * Helper method to get the method name from arguments.
3375 */
3376 private String methodToString(String name, Class<?>[] argTypes) {
3377 StringJoiner sj = new StringJoiner(", ", getName() + "." + name + "(", ")");
3378 if (argTypes != null) {
3379 for (int i = 0; i < argTypes.length; i++) {
3380 Class<?> c = argTypes[i];
3381 sj.add((c == null) ? "null" : c.getName());
3382 }
3383 }
3384 return sj.toString();
3385 }
3386
3387 /** use serialVersionUID from JDK 1.1 for interoperability */
3388 private static final long serialVersionUID = 3206093459760846163L;
3389
3390
3391 /**
3392 * Class Class is special cased within the Serialization Stream Protocol.
3393 *
3394 * A Class instance is written initially into an ObjectOutputStream in the
3395 * following format:
3396 * <pre>
3397 * {@code TC_CLASS} ClassDescriptor
3398 * A ClassDescriptor is a special cased serialization of
3399 * a {@code java.io.ObjectStreamClass} instance.
3400 * </pre>
3401 * A new handle is generated for the initial time the class descriptor
3402 * is written into the stream. Future references to the class descriptor
3403 * are written as references to the initial class descriptor instance.
3404 *
3405 * @see java.io.ObjectStreamClass
3406 */
3407 private static final ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields =
3408 new ObjectStreamField[0];
3409
3410
3411 /**
3412 * Returns the assertion status that would be assigned to this
3413 * class if it were to be initialized at the time this method is invoked.
3414 * If this class has had its assertion status set, the most recent
3415 * setting will be returned; otherwise, if any package default assertion
3416 * status pertains to this class, the most recent setting for the most
3417 * specific pertinent package default assertion status is returned;
3418 * otherwise, if this class is not a system class (i.e., it has a
3419 * class loader) its class loader's default assertion status is returned;
3420 * otherwise, the system class default assertion status is returned.
3421 * <p>
3422 * Few programmers will have any need for this method; it is provided
3423 * for the benefit of the JRE itself. (It allows a class to determine at
3424 * the time that it is initialized whether assertions should be enabled.)
3425 * Note that this method is not guaranteed to return the actual
3426 * assertion status that was (or will be) associated with the specified
3427 * class when it was (or will be) initialized.
3428 *
3429 * @return the desired assertion status of the specified class.
3430 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#setClassAssertionStatus
3431 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#setPackageAssertionStatus
3432 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#setDefaultAssertionStatus
3433 * @since 1.4
3434 */
3435 public boolean desiredAssertionStatus() {
3436 ClassLoader loader = getClassLoader0();
3437 // If the loader is null this is a system class, so ask the VM
3438 if (loader == null)
3439 return desiredAssertionStatus0(this);
3440
3441 // If the classloader has been initialized with the assertion
3442 // directives, ask it. Otherwise, ask the VM.
3443 synchronized(loader.assertionLock) {
3444 if (loader.classAssertionStatus != null) {
3445 return loader.desiredAssertionStatus(getName());
3446 }
3447 }
3448 return desiredAssertionStatus0(this);
3449 }
3450
3451 // Retrieves the desired assertion status of this class from the VM
3452 private static native boolean desiredAssertionStatus0(Class<?> clazz);
3453
3454 /**
3455 * Returns true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
3456 * source code.
3457 *
3458 * @return true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
3459 * source code
3460 * @since 1.5
3461 */
3462 public boolean isEnum() {
3463 // An enum must both directly extend java.lang.Enum and have
3464 // the ENUM bit set; classes for specialized enum constants
3465 // don't do the former.
3466 return (this.getModifiers() & ENUM) != 0 &&
3467 this.getSuperclass() == java.lang.Enum.class;
3468 }
3469
3470 // Fetches the factory for reflective objects
3471 private static ReflectionFactory getReflectionFactory() {
3472 if (reflectionFactory == null) {
3473 reflectionFactory =
3474 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged
3475 (new ReflectionFactory.GetReflectionFactoryAction());
3476 }
3477 return reflectionFactory;
3478 }
3479 private static ReflectionFactory reflectionFactory;
3480
3481 /**
3482 * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this
3483 * Class object does not represent an enum type.
3484 *
3485 * @return an array containing the values comprising the enum class
3486 * represented by this Class object in the order they're
3487 * declared, or null if this Class object does not
3488 * represent an enum type
3489 * @since 1.5
3490 */
3491 public T[] getEnumConstants() {
3492 T[] values = getEnumConstantsShared();
3493 return (values != null) ? values.clone() : null;
3494 }
3495
3496 /**
3497 * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this
3498 * Class object does not represent an enum type;
3499 * identical to getEnumConstants except that the result is
3500 * uncloned, cached, and shared by all callers.
3501 */
3502 T[] getEnumConstantsShared() {
3503 T[] constants = enumConstants;
3504 if (constants == null) {
3505 if (!isEnum()) return null;
3506 try {
3507 final Method values = getMethod("values");
3508 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
3509 new java.security.PrivilegedAction<>() {
3510 public Void run() {
3511 values.setAccessible(true);
3512 return null;
3513 }
3514 });
3515 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3516 T[] temporaryConstants = (T[])values.invoke(null);
3517 enumConstants = constants = temporaryConstants;
3518 }
3519 // These can happen when users concoct enum-like classes
3520 // that don't comply with the enum spec.
3521 catch (InvocationTargetException | NoSuchMethodException |
3522 IllegalAccessException ex) { return null; }
3523 }
3524 return constants;
3525 }
3526 private transient volatile T[] enumConstants;
3527
3528 /**
3529 * Returns a map from simple name to enum constant. This package-private
3530 * method is used internally by Enum to implement
3531 * {@code public static <T extends Enum<T>> T valueOf(Class<T>, String)}
3532 * efficiently. Note that the map is returned by this method is
3533 * created lazily on first use. Typically it won't ever get created.
3534 */
3535 Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory() {
3536 Map<String, T> directory = enumConstantDirectory;
3537 if (directory == null) {
3538 T[] universe = getEnumConstantsShared();
3539 if (universe == null)
3540 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
3541 getName() + " is not an enum type");
3542 directory = new HashMap<>(2 * universe.length);
3543 for (T constant : universe) {
3544 directory.put(((Enum<?>)constant).name(), constant);
3545 }
3546 enumConstantDirectory = directory;
3547 }
3548 return directory;
3549 }
3550 private transient volatile Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory;
3551
3552 /**
3553 * Casts an object to the class or interface represented
3554 * by this {@code Class} object.
3555 *
3556 * @param obj the object to be cast
3557 * @return the object after casting, or null if obj is null
3558 *
3559 * @throws ClassCastException if the object is not
3560 * null and is not assignable to the type T.
3561 *
3562 * @since 1.5
3563 */
3564 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3565 @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
3566 public T cast(Object obj) {
3567 if (obj != null && !isInstance(obj))
3568 throw new ClassCastException(cannotCastMsg(obj));
3569 return (T) obj;
3570 }
3571
3572 private String cannotCastMsg(Object obj) {
3573 return "Cannot cast " + obj.getClass().getName() + " to " + getName();
3574 }
3575
3576 /**
3577 * Casts this {@code Class} object to represent a subclass of the class
3578 * represented by the specified class object. Checks that the cast
3579 * is valid, and throws a {@code ClassCastException} if it is not. If
3580 * this method succeeds, it always returns a reference to this class object.
3581 *
3582 * <p>This method is useful when a client needs to "narrow" the type of
3583 * a {@code Class} object to pass it to an API that restricts the
3584 * {@code Class} objects that it is willing to accept. A cast would
3585 * generate a compile-time warning, as the correctness of the cast
3586 * could not be checked at runtime (because generic types are implemented
3587 * by erasure).
3588 *
3589 * @param <U> the type to cast this class object to
3590 * @param clazz the class of the type to cast this class object to
3591 * @return this {@code Class} object, cast to represent a subclass of
3592 * the specified class object.
3593 * @throws ClassCastException if this {@code Class} object does not
3594 * represent a subclass of the specified class (here "subclass" includes
3595 * the class itself).
3596 * @since 1.5
3597 */
3598 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3599 public <U> Class<? extends U> asSubclass(Class<U> clazz) {
3600 if (clazz.isAssignableFrom(this))
3601 return (Class<? extends U>) this;
3602 else
3603 throw new ClassCastException(this.toString());
3604 }
3605
3606 /**
3607 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3608 * @since 1.5
3609 */
3610 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3611 public <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3612 Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass);
3613
3614 return (A) annotationData().annotations.get(annotationClass);
3615 }
3616
3617 /**
3618 * {@inheritDoc}
3619 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3620 * @since 1.5
3621 */
3622 @Override
3623 public boolean isAnnotationPresent(Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass) {
3624 return GenericDeclaration.super.isAnnotationPresent(annotationClass);
3625 }
3626
3627 /**
3628 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3629 * @since 1.8
3630 */
3631 @Override
3632 public <A extends Annotation> A[] getAnnotationsByType(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3633 Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass);
3634
3635 AnnotationData annotationData = annotationData();
3636 return AnnotationSupport.getAssociatedAnnotations(annotationData.declaredAnnotations,
3637 this,
3638 annotationClass);
3639 }
3640
3641 /**
3642 * @since 1.5
3643 */
3644 public Annotation[] getAnnotations() {
3645 return AnnotationParser.toArray(annotationData().annotations);
3646 }
3647
3648 /**
3649 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3650 * @since 1.8
3651 */
3652 @Override
3653 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3654 public <A extends Annotation> A getDeclaredAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3655 Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass);
3656
3657 return (A) annotationData().declaredAnnotations.get(annotationClass);
3658 }
3659
3660 /**
3661 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3662 * @since 1.8
3663 */
3664 @Override
3665 public <A extends Annotation> A[] getDeclaredAnnotationsByType(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3666 Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass);
3667
3668 return AnnotationSupport.getDirectlyAndIndirectlyPresent(annotationData().declaredAnnotations,
3669 annotationClass);
3670 }
3671
3672 /**
3673 * @since 1.5
3674 */
3675 public Annotation[] getDeclaredAnnotations() {
3676 return AnnotationParser.toArray(annotationData().declaredAnnotations);
3677 }
3678
3679 // annotation data that might get invalidated when JVM TI RedefineClasses() is called
3680 private static class AnnotationData {
3681 final Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations;
3682 final Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declaredAnnotations;
3683
3684 // Value of classRedefinedCount when we created this AnnotationData instance
3685 final int redefinedCount;
3686
3687 AnnotationData(Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations,
3688 Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declaredAnnotations,
3689 int redefinedCount) {
3690 this.annotations = annotations;
3691 this.declaredAnnotations = declaredAnnotations;
3692 this.redefinedCount = redefinedCount;
3693 }
3694 }
3695
3696 // Annotations cache
3697 @SuppressWarnings("UnusedDeclaration")
3698 private transient volatile AnnotationData annotationData;
3699
3700 private AnnotationData annotationData() {
3701 while (true) { // retry loop
3702 AnnotationData annotationData = this.annotationData;
3703 int classRedefinedCount = this.classRedefinedCount;
3704 if (annotationData != null &&
3705 annotationData.redefinedCount == classRedefinedCount) {
3706 return annotationData;
3707 }
3708 // null or stale annotationData -> optimistically create new instance
3709 AnnotationData newAnnotationData = createAnnotationData(classRedefinedCount);
3710 // try to install it
3711 if (Atomic.casAnnotationData(this, annotationData, newAnnotationData)) {
3712 // successfully installed new AnnotationData
3713 return newAnnotationData;
3714 }
3715 }
3716 }
3717
3718 private AnnotationData createAnnotationData(int classRedefinedCount) {
3719 Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declaredAnnotations =
3720 AnnotationParser.parseAnnotations(getRawAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this);
3721 Class<?> superClass = getSuperclass();
3722 Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations = null;
3723 if (superClass != null) {
3724 Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> superAnnotations =
3725 superClass.annotationData().annotations;
3726 for (Map.Entry<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> e : superAnnotations.entrySet()) {
3727 Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass = e.getKey();
3728 if (AnnotationType.getInstance(annotationClass).isInherited()) {
3729 if (annotations == null) { // lazy construction
3730 annotations = new LinkedHashMap<>((Math.max(
3731 declaredAnnotations.size(),
3732 Math.min(12, declaredAnnotations.size() + superAnnotations.size())
3733 ) * 4 + 2) / 3
3734 );
3735 }
3736 annotations.put(annotationClass, e.getValue());
3737 }
3738 }
3739 }
3740 if (annotations == null) {
3741 // no inherited annotations -> share the Map with declaredAnnotations
3742 annotations = declaredAnnotations;
3743 } else {
3744 // at least one inherited annotation -> declared may override inherited
3745 annotations.putAll(declaredAnnotations);
3746 }
3747 return new AnnotationData(annotations, declaredAnnotations, classRedefinedCount);
3748 }
3749
3750 // Annotation types cache their internal (AnnotationType) form
3751
3752 @SuppressWarnings("UnusedDeclaration")
3753 private transient volatile AnnotationType annotationType;
3754
3755 boolean casAnnotationType(AnnotationType oldType, AnnotationType newType) {
3756 return Atomic.casAnnotationType(this, oldType, newType);
3757 }
3758
3759 AnnotationType getAnnotationType() {
3760 return annotationType;
3761 }
3762
3763 Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> getDeclaredAnnotationMap() {
3764 return annotationData().declaredAnnotations;
3765 }
3766
3767 /* Backing store of user-defined values pertaining to this class.
3768 * Maintained by the ClassValue class.
3769 */
3770 transient ClassValue.ClassValueMap classValueMap;
3771
3772 /**
3773 * Returns an {@code AnnotatedType} object that represents the use of a
3774 * type to specify the superclass of the entity represented by this {@code
3775 * Class} object. (The <em>use</em> of type Foo to specify the superclass
3776 * in '... extends Foo' is distinct from the <em>declaration</em> of type
3777 * Foo.)
3778 *
3779 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a type whose declaration
3780 * does not explicitly indicate an annotated superclass, then the return
3781 * value is an {@code AnnotatedType} object representing an element with no
3782 * annotations.
3783 *
3784 * <p> If this {@code Class} represents either the {@code Object} class, an
3785 * interface type, an array type, a primitive type, or void, the return
3786 * value is {@code null}.
3787 *
3788 * @return an object representing the superclass
3789 * @since 1.8
3790 */
3791 public AnnotatedType getAnnotatedSuperclass() {
3792 if (this == Object.class ||
3793 isInterface() ||
3794 isArray() ||
3795 isPrimitive() ||
3796 this == Void.TYPE) {
3797 return null;
3798 }
3799
3800 return TypeAnnotationParser.buildAnnotatedSuperclass(getRawTypeAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this);
3801 }
3802
3803 /**
3804 * Returns an array of {@code AnnotatedType} objects that represent the use
3805 * of types to specify superinterfaces of the entity represented by this
3806 * {@code Class} object. (The <em>use</em> of type Foo to specify a
3807 * superinterface in '... implements Foo' is distinct from the
3808 * <em>declaration</em> of type Foo.)
3809 *
3810 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class, the return value is
3811 * an array containing objects representing the uses of interface types to
3812 * specify interfaces implemented by the class. The order of the objects in
3813 * the array corresponds to the order of the interface types used in the
3814 * 'implements' clause of the declaration of this {@code Class} object.
3815 *
3816 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an interface, the return
3817 * value is an array containing objects representing the uses of interface
3818 * types to specify interfaces directly extended by the interface. The
3819 * order of the objects in the array corresponds to the order of the
3820 * interface types used in the 'extends' clause of the declaration of this
3821 * {@code Class} object.
3822 *
3823 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class or interface whose
3824 * declaration does not explicitly indicate any annotated superinterfaces,
3825 * the return value is an array of length 0.
3826 *
3827 * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents either the {@code Object}
3828 * class, an array type, a primitive type, or void, the return value is an
3829 * array of length 0.
3830 *
3831 * @return an array representing the superinterfaces
3832 * @since 1.8
3833 */
3834 public AnnotatedType[] getAnnotatedInterfaces() {
3835 return TypeAnnotationParser.buildAnnotatedInterfaces(getRawTypeAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this);
3836 }
3837 }