--- old/test/jdk/sun/util/calendar/zi/tzdata/australasia 2019-07-24 15:18:30.000000000 -0700 +++ /dev/null 2019-07-24 15:18:30.000000000 -0700 @@ -1,2067 +0,0 @@ -# -# DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. -# -# This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it -# under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as -# published by the Free Software Foundation. -# -# This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT -# ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or -# FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License -# version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that -# accompanied this code). -# -# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version -# 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, -# Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. -# -# Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA -# or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any -# questions. -# -# tzdb data for Australasia and environs, and for much of the Pacific - -# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of -# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. - -# This file also includes Pacific islands. - -# Notes are at the end of this file - -############################################################################### - -# Australia - -# Please see the notes below for the controversy about "EST" versus "AEST" etc. - -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule Aus 1917 only - Jan 1 0:01 1:00 D -Rule Aus 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 0 S -Rule Aus 1942 only - Jan 1 2:00 1:00 D -Rule Aus 1942 only - Mar 29 2:00 0 S -Rule Aus 1942 only - Sep 27 2:00 1:00 D -Rule Aus 1943 1944 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 S -Rule Aus 1943 only - Oct 3 2:00 1:00 D -# Go with Whitman and the Australian National Standards Commission, which -# says W Australia didn't use DST in 1943/1944. Ignore Whitman's claim that -# 1944/1945 was just like 1943/1944. - -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -# Northern Territory -Zone Australia/Darwin 8:43:20 - LMT 1895 Feb - 9:00 - ACST 1899 May - 9:30 Aus AC%sT -# Western Australia -# -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AW 1991 only - Nov 17 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AW 1992 only - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AW 2006 only - Dec 3 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AW 2007 2009 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S -Rule AW 2007 2008 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Zone Australia/Perth 7:43:24 - LMT 1895 Dec - 8:00 Aus AW%sT 1943 Jul - 8:00 AW AW%sT -Zone Australia/Eucla 8:35:28 - LMT 1895 Dec - 8:45 Aus +0845/+0945 1943 Jul - 8:45 AW +0845/+0945 - -# Queensland -# -# From Alex Livingston (1996-11-01): -# I have heard or read more than once that some resort islands off the coast -# of Queensland chose to keep observing daylight-saving time even after -# Queensland ceased to. -# -# From Paul Eggert (1996-11-22): -# IATA SSIM (1993-02/1994-09) say that the Holiday Islands (Hayman, Lindeman, -# Hamilton) observed DST for two years after the rest of Queensland stopped. -# Hamilton is the largest, but there is also a Hamilton in Victoria, -# so use Lindeman. -# -# From J William Piggott (2016-02-20): -# There is no location named Holiday Islands in Queensland Australia; holiday -# islands is a colloquial term used globally. Hayman and Lindeman are at the -# north and south extremes of the Whitsunday Islands archipelago, and -# Hamilton is in between; it is reasonable to believe that this time zone -# applies to all of the Whitsundays. -# http://www.australia.gov.au/about-australia/australian-story/austn-islands -# -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S -Rule AQ 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AQ 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule Holiday 1992 1993 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule Holiday 1993 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Zone Australia/Brisbane 10:12:08 - LMT 1895 - 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971 - 10:00 AQ AE%sT -Zone Australia/Lindeman 9:55:56 - LMT 1895 - 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971 - 10:00 AQ AE%sT 1992 Jul - 10:00 Holiday AE%sT - -# South Australia -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule AS 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AS 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AS 1987 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AS 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 S -Rule AS 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S -Rule AS 1991 only - Mar 3 2:00s 0 S -Rule AS 1992 only - Mar 22 2:00s 0 S -Rule AS 1993 only - Mar 7 2:00s 0 S -Rule AS 1994 only - Mar 20 2:00s 0 S -Rule AS 1995 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S -Rule AS 2006 only - Apr 2 2:00s 0 S -Rule AS 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S -Rule AS 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AS 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Australia/Adelaide 9:14:20 - LMT 1895 Feb - 9:00 - ACST 1899 May - 9:30 Aus AC%sT 1971 - 9:30 AS AC%sT - -# Tasmania -# -# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16): -# http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml -# says King Island didn't observe DST from WWII until late 1971. -# -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule AT 1967 only - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AT 1968 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S -Rule AT 1968 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AT 1969 1971 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00s 0 S -Rule AT 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S -Rule AT 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AT 1982 1983 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S -Rule AT 1984 1986 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AT 1986 only - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AT 1987 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S -Rule AT 1987 only - Oct Sun>=22 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AT 1988 1990 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AT 1991 1999 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AT 1991 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S -Rule AT 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AT 2001 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AT 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AT 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S -Rule AT 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Australia/Hobart 9:49:16 - LMT 1895 Sep - 10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00 - 10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb - 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1967 - 10:00 AT AE%sT -Zone Australia/Currie 9:35:28 - LMT 1895 Sep - 10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00 - 10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb - 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971 Jul - 10:00 AT AE%sT - -# Victoria -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule AV 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AV 1972 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S -Rule AV 1973 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AV 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S -Rule AV 1986 1987 - Oct Sun>=15 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AV 1988 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AV 1991 1994 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AV 1995 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S -Rule AV 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AV 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AV 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AV 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S -Rule AV 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AV 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Australia/Melbourne 9:39:52 - LMT 1895 Feb - 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971 - 10:00 AV AE%sT - -# New South Wales -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule AN 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AN 1972 only - Feb 27 2:00s 0 S -Rule AN 1973 1981 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AN 1982 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AN 1983 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AN 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S -Rule AN 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AN 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AN 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AN 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S -Rule AN 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AN 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule AN 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AN 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00s 0 S -Rule AN 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule AN 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Australia/Sydney 10:04:52 - LMT 1895 Feb - 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1971 - 10:00 AN AE%sT -Zone Australia/Broken_Hill 9:25:48 - LMT 1895 Feb - 10:00 - AEST 1896 Aug 23 - 9:00 - ACST 1899 May - 9:30 Aus AC%sT 1971 - 9:30 AN AC%sT 2000 - 9:30 AS AC%sT - -# Lord Howe Island -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule LH 1981 1984 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 - -Rule LH 1982 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 - -Rule LH 1985 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 - -Rule LH 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 - -Rule LH 1986 only - Oct 19 2:00 0:30 - -Rule LH 1987 1999 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 - -Rule LH 1990 1995 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00 0 - -Rule LH 1996 2005 - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - -Rule LH 2000 only - Aug lastSun 2:00 0:30 - -Rule LH 2001 2007 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0:30 - -Rule LH 2006 only - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - -Rule LH 2007 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 0 - -Rule LH 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 0 - -Rule LH 2008 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0:30 - -Zone Australia/Lord_Howe 10:36:20 - LMT 1895 Feb - 10:00 - AEST 1981 Mar - 10:30 LH +1030/+1130 1985 Jul - 10:30 LH +1030/+11 - -# Australian miscellany -# -# Ashmore Is, Cartier -# no indigenous inhabitants; only seasonal caretakers -# no times are set -# -# Coral Sea Is -# no indigenous inhabitants; only meteorologists -# no times are set -# -# Macquarie -# Permanent occupation (scientific station) 1911-1915 and since 25 March 1948; -# sealing and penguin oil station operated Nov 1899 to Apr 1919. See the -# Tasmania Parks & Wildlife Service history of sealing at Macquarie Island -# http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1828 -# http://www.parks.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1831 -# Guess that it was like Australia/Hobart while inhabited before 2010. -# -# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10): -# We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: -# - Macquarie Island will stay on UTC+11 for winter and therefore not -# switch back from daylight savings time when other parts of Australia do -# on 4 April. -# -# From Arthur David Olson (2013-05-23): -# The 1919 transition is overspecified below so pre-2013 zics -# will produce a binary file with an [A]EST-type as the first 32-bit type; -# this is required for correct handling of times before 1916 by -# pre-2013 versions of localtime. -Zone Antarctica/Macquarie 0 - -00 1899 Nov - 10:00 - AEST 1916 Oct 1 2:00 - 10:00 1:00 AEDT 1917 Feb - 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1919 Apr 1 0:00s - 0 - -00 1948 Mar 25 - 10:00 Aus AE%sT 1967 - 10:00 AT AE%sT 2010 Apr 4 3:00 - 11:00 - +11 - -# Christmas -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Indian/Christmas 7:02:52 - LMT 1895 Feb - 7:00 - +07 - -# Cocos (Keeling) Is -# These islands were ruled by the Ross family from about 1830 to 1978. -# We don't know when standard time was introduced; for now, we guess 1900. -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Indian/Cocos 6:27:40 - LMT 1900 - 6:30 - +0630 - - -# Fiji - -# Milne gives 11:55:44 for Suva. - -# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-11-10): -# According to Fiji Broadcasting Corporation, Fiji plans to re-introduce DST -# from November 29th 2009 to April 25th 2010. -# -# "Daylight savings to commence this month" -# http://www.radiofiji.com.fj/fullstory.php?id=23719 -# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_fiji01.html - -# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-11-10): -# The Fiji Government has posted some more details about the approved -# amendments: -# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/publish/page_16198.shtml - -# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-03): -# The Cabinet in Fiji has decided to end DST about a month early, on -# 2010-03-28 at 03:00. -# The plan is to observe DST again, from 2010-10-24 to sometime in March -# 2011 (last Sunday a good guess?). -# -# Official source: -# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1096:3310-cabinet-approves-change-in-daylight-savings-dates&catid=49:cabinet-releases&Itemid=166 -# -# A bit more background info here: -# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/fiji-dst-ends-march-2010.html - -# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-10-24): -# According to Radio Fiji and Fiji Times online, Fiji will end DST 3 -# weeks earlier than expected - on March 6, 2011, not March 27, 2011... -# Here is confirmation from Government of the Republic of the Fiji Islands, -# Ministry of Information (fiji.gov.fj) web site: -# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2608:daylight-savings&catid=71:press-releases&Itemid=155 -# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_fiji04.html - -# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-03): -# Now the dates have been confirmed, and at least our start date -# assumption was correct (end date was one week wrong). -# -# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=4966:daylight-saving-starts-in-fiji&catid=71:press-releases&Itemid=155 -# which says -# Members of the public are reminded to change their time to one hour in -# advance at 2am to 3am on October 23, 2011 and one hour back at 3am to -# 2am on February 26 next year. - -# From Ken Rylander (2011-10-24) -# Another change to the Fiji DST end date. In the TZ database the end date for -# Fiji DST 2012, is currently Feb 26. This has been changed to Jan 22. -# -# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=5017:amendments-to-daylight-savings&catid=71:press-releases&Itemid=155 -# states: -# -# The end of daylight saving scheduled initially for the 26th of February 2012 -# has been brought forward to the 22nd of January 2012. -# The commencement of daylight saving will remain unchanged and start -# on the 23rd of October, 2011. - -# From the Fiji Government Online Portal (2012-08-21) via Steffen Thorsen: -# The Minister for Labour, Industrial Relations and Employment Mr Jone Usamate -# today confirmed that Fiji will start daylight savings at 2 am on Sunday 21st -# October 2012 and end at 3 am on Sunday 20th January 2013. -# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=6702&catid=71&Itemid=155 - -# From the Fijian Government Media Center (2013-08-30) via David Wheeler: -# Fiji will start daylight savings on Sunday 27th October, 2013 ... -# move clocks forward by one hour from 2am -# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Center/Press-Releases/DAYLIGHT-SAVING-STARTS-ON-SUNDAY,-27th-OCTOBER-201.aspx - -# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-01-10): -# Fiji will end DST on 2014-01-19 02:00: -# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Center/Press-Releases/DAYLIGHT-SAVINGS-TO-END-THIS-MONTH-%281%29.aspx - -# From Ken Rylander (2014-10-20): -# DST will start Nov. 2 this year. -# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Center/Press-Releases/DAYLIGHT-SAVING-STARTS-ON-SUNDAY,-NOVEMBER-2ND.aspx - -# From a government order dated 2015-08-26 and published as Legal Notice No. 77 -# in the Government of Fiji Gazette Supplement No. 24 (2015-08-28), -# via Ken Rylander (2015-09-02): -# the daylight saving period is 1 hour in advance of the standard time -# commencing at 2.00 am on Sunday 1st November, 2015 and ending at -# 3.00 am on Sunday 17th January, 2016. - -# From Raymond Kumar (2016-10-04): -# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/Media-Center/Press-Releases/DAYLIGHT-SAVING-STARTS-ON-6th-NOVEMBER,-2016.aspx -# "Fiji's daylight savings will begin on Sunday, 6 November 2016, when -# clocks go forward an hour at 2am to 3am.... Daylight Saving will -# end at 3.00am on Sunday 15th January 2017." - -# From Paul Eggert (2017-08-21): -# Dominic Fok writes (2017-08-20) that DST ends 2018-01-14, citing -# Extraordinary Government of Fiji Gazette Supplement No. 21 (2017-08-27), -# [Legal Notice No. 41] of an order of the previous day by J Usamate. - -# From Raymond Kumar (2018-07-13): -# http://www.fijitimes.com/government-approves-2018-daylight-saving/ -# ... The daylight saving period will end at 3am on Sunday January 13, 2019. -# -# From Paul Eggert (2018-07-15): -# For now, guess DST from 02:00 the first Sunday in November to 03:00 -# the first Sunday on or after January 13. January transitions reportedly -# depend on when school terms start. Although the guess is ad hoc, it matches -# transitions since late 2014 and seems more likely to match future -# practice than guessing no DST. - -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule Fiji 1998 1999 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 - -Rule Fiji 1999 2000 - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 - -Rule Fiji 2009 only - Nov 29 2:00 1:00 - -Rule Fiji 2010 only - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 - -Rule Fiji 2010 2013 - Oct Sun>=21 2:00 1:00 - -Rule Fiji 2011 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 - -Rule Fiji 2012 2013 - Jan Sun>=18 3:00 0 - -Rule Fiji 2014 only - Jan Sun>=18 2:00 0 - -Rule Fiji 2014 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 - -Rule Fiji 2015 max - Jan Sun>=13 3:00 0 - -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Fiji 11:55:44 - LMT 1915 Oct 26 # Suva - 12:00 Fiji +12/+13 - -# French Polynesia -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Gambier -8:59:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Rikitea - -9:00 - -09 -Zone Pacific/Marquesas -9:18:00 - LMT 1912 Oct - -9:30 - -0930 -Zone Pacific/Tahiti -9:58:16 - LMT 1912 Oct # Papeete - -10:00 - -10 -# Clipperton (near North America) is administered from French Polynesia; -# it is uninhabited. - -# Guam - -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -# http://guamlegislature.com/Public_Laws_5th/PL05-025.pdf -# http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-59-7-Guam-Daylight-Savings-Time-May-6-1959.pdf -Rule Guam 1959 only - Jun 27 2:00 1:00 D -# http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-61-5-Revocation-of-Daylight-Saving-Time-and-Restoratio.pdf -Rule Guam 1961 only - Jan 29 2:00 0 S -# http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-67-13-Guam-Daylight-Savings-Time.pdf -Rule Guam 1967 only - Sep 1 2:00 1:00 D -# http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-69-2-Repeal-of-Guam-Daylight-Saving-Time.pdf -Rule Guam 1969 only - Jan 26 0:01 0 S -# http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-69-10-Guam-Daylight-Saving-Time.pdf -Rule Guam 1969 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D -Rule Guam 1969 only - Aug 31 2:00 0 S -# http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-70-10-Guam-Daylight-Saving-Time.pdf -# http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-70-30-End-of-Guam-Daylight-Saving-Time.pdf -# http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-71-5-Guam-Daylight-Savings-Time.pdf -Rule Guam 1970 1971 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D -Rule Guam 1970 1971 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 0 S -# http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-73-28.-Guam-Day-light-Saving-Time.pdf -Rule Guam 1973 only - Dec 16 2:00 1:00 D -# http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-74-7-Guam-Daylight-Savings-Time-Rescinded.pdf -Rule Guam 1974 only - Feb 24 2:00 0 S -# http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-76-13-Daylight-Savings-Time.pdf -Rule Guam 1976 only - May 26 2:00 1:00 D -# http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-76-25-Revocation-of-E.O.-76-13.pdf -Rule Guam 1976 only - Aug 22 2:01 0 S -# http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-77-4-Daylight-Savings-Time.pdf -Rule Guam 1977 only - Apr 24 2:00 1:00 D -# http://documents.guam.gov/wp-content/uploads/E.O.-77-18-Guam-Standard-Time.pdf -Rule Guam 1977 only - Aug 28 2:00 0 S - -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Guam -14:21:00 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 - 9:39:00 - LMT 1901 # Agana - 10:00 - GST 1941 Dec 10 # Guam - 9:00 - +09 1944 Jul 31 - 10:00 Guam G%sT 2000 Dec 23 - 10:00 - ChST # Chamorro Standard Time -Link Pacific/Guam Pacific/Saipan # N Mariana Is - -# Kiribati -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Tarawa 11:32:04 - LMT 1901 # Bairiki - 12:00 - +12 -Zone Pacific/Enderbury -11:24:20 - LMT 1901 - -12:00 - -12 1979 Oct - -11:00 - -11 1994 Dec 31 - 13:00 - +13 -Zone Pacific/Kiritimati -10:29:20 - LMT 1901 - -10:40 - -1040 1979 Oct - -10:00 - -10 1994 Dec 31 - 14:00 - +14 - -# N Mariana Is -# See Pacific/Guam. - -# Marshall Is -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Majuro 11:24:48 - LMT 1901 - 11:00 - +11 1914 Oct - 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1 - 11:00 - +11 1937 - 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1 - 9:00 - +09 1944 Jan 30 - 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct - 12:00 - +12 -Zone Pacific/Kwajalein 11:09:20 - LMT 1901 - 11:00 - +11 1937 - 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1 - 9:00 - +09 1944 Feb 6 - 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct - -12:00 - -12 1993 Aug 20 24:00 - 12:00 - +12 - -# Micronesia -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Chuuk -13:52:52 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 - 10:07:08 - LMT 1901 - 10:00 - +10 1914 Oct - 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1 - 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1 - 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug - 10:00 - +10 -Zone Pacific/Pohnpei -13:27:08 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 # Kolonia - 10:32:52 - LMT 1901 - 11:00 - +11 1914 Oct - 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1 - 11:00 - +11 1937 - 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1 - 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug - 11:00 - +11 -Zone Pacific/Kosrae -13:08:04 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 - 10:51:56 - LMT 1901 - 11:00 - +11 1914 Oct - 9:00 - +09 1919 Feb 1 - 11:00 - +11 1937 - 10:00 - +10 1941 Apr 1 - 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug - 11:00 - +11 1969 Oct - 12:00 - +12 1999 - 11:00 - +11 - -# Nauru -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Nauru 11:07:40 - LMT 1921 Jan 15 # Uaobe - 11:30 - +1130 1942 Aug 29 - 9:00 - +09 1945 Sep 8 - 11:30 - +1130 1979 Feb 10 2:00 - 12:00 - +12 - -# New Caledonia -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule NC 1977 1978 - Dec Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 - -Rule NC 1978 1979 - Feb 27 0:00 0 - -Rule NC 1996 only - Dec 1 2:00s 1:00 - -# Shanks & Pottenger say the following was at 2:00; go with IATA. -Rule NC 1997 only - Mar 2 2:00s 0 - -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Noumea 11:05:48 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Nouméa - 11:00 NC +11/+12 - - -############################################################################### - -# New Zealand - -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule NZ 1927 only - Nov 6 2:00 1:00 S -Rule NZ 1928 only - Mar 4 2:00 0 M -Rule NZ 1928 1933 - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0:30 S -Rule NZ 1929 1933 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00 0 M -Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 0 M -Rule NZ 1934 1940 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0:30 S -Rule NZ 1946 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 S -# Since 1957 Chatham has been 45 minutes ahead of NZ, but until 2018a -# there was no documented single notation for the date and time of this -# transition. Duplicate the Rule lines for now, to give the 2018a change -# time to percolate out. -Rule NZ 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule Chatham 1974 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 - -Rule NZ 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:00s 0 S -Rule Chatham 1975 only - Feb lastSun 2:45s 0 - -Rule NZ 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule Chatham 1975 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:45s 1:00 - -Rule NZ 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule Chatham 1976 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 2:45s 0 - -Rule NZ 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule Chatham 1989 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:45s 1:00 - -Rule NZ 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule Chatham 1990 2006 - Oct Sun>=1 2:45s 1:00 - -Rule NZ 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:00s 0 S -Rule Chatham 1990 2007 - Mar Sun>=15 2:45s 0 - -Rule NZ 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D -Rule Chatham 2007 max - Sep lastSun 2:45s 1:00 - -Rule NZ 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 0 S -Rule Chatham 2008 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:45s 0 - -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Auckland 11:39:04 - LMT 1868 Nov 2 - 11:30 NZ NZ%sT 1946 Jan 1 - 12:00 NZ NZ%sT -Zone Pacific/Chatham 12:13:48 - LMT 1868 Nov 2 - 12:15 - +1215 1946 Jan 1 - 12:45 Chatham +1245/+1345 - -Link Pacific/Auckland Antarctica/McMurdo - -# Auckland Is -# uninhabited; Māori and Moriori, colonial settlers, pastoralists, sealers, -# and scientific personnel have wintered - -# Campbell I -# minor whaling stations operated 1909/1914 -# scientific station operated 1941/1995; -# previously whalers, sealers, pastoralists, and scientific personnel wintered -# was probably like Pacific/Auckland - -# Cook Is -# From Shanks & Pottenger: -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule Cook 1978 only - Nov 12 0:00 0:30 - -Rule Cook 1979 1991 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 - -Rule Cook 1979 1990 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 - -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Rarotonga -10:39:04 - LMT 1901 # Avarua - -10:30 - -1030 1978 Nov 12 - -10:00 Cook -10/-0930 - -############################################################################### - - -# Niue -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Niue -11:19:40 - LMT 1901 # Alofi - -11:20 - -1120 1951 - -11:30 - -1130 1978 Oct 1 - -11:00 - -11 - -# Norfolk -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Norfolk 11:11:52 - LMT 1901 # Kingston - 11:12 - +1112 1951 - 11:30 - +1130 1974 Oct 27 02:00 - 11:30 1:00 +1230 1975 Mar 2 02:00 - 11:30 - +1130 2015 Oct 4 02:00 - 11:00 - +11 - -# Palau (Belau) -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Palau -15:02:04 - LMT 1844 Dec 31 # Koror - 8:57:56 - LMT 1901 - 9:00 - +09 - -# Papua New Guinea -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Port_Moresby 9:48:40 - LMT 1880 - 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 # Port Moresby Mean Time - 10:00 - +10 -# -# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-13): -# Base the Bougainville entry on the Arawa-Kieta region, which appears to have -# the most people even though it was devastated in the Bougainville Civil War. -# -# Although Shanks gives 1942-03-15 / 1943-11-01 for UT +09, these dates -# are apparently rough guesswork from the starts of military campaigns. -# The World War II entries below are instead based on Arawa-Kieta. -# The Japanese occupied Kieta in July 1942, -# according to the Pacific War Online Encyclopedia -# https://pwencycl.kgbudge.com/B/o/Bougainville.htm -# and seem to have controlled it until their 1945-08-21 surrender. -# -# The Autonomous Region of Bougainville switched from UT +10 to +11 -# on 2014-12-28 at 02:00. They call +11 "Bougainville Standard Time". -# See: -# http://www.bougainville24.com/bougainville-issues/bougainville-gets-own-timezone/ -# -Zone Pacific/Bougainville 10:22:16 - LMT 1880 - 9:48:32 - PMMT 1895 - 10:00 - +10 1942 Jul - 9:00 - +09 1945 Aug 21 - 10:00 - +10 2014 Dec 28 2:00 - 11:00 - +11 - -# Pitcairn -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Pitcairn -8:40:20 - LMT 1901 # Adamstown - -8:30 - -0830 1998 Apr 27 0:00 - -8:00 - -08 - -# American Samoa -Zone Pacific/Pago_Pago 12:37:12 - LMT 1892 Jul 5 - -11:22:48 - LMT 1911 - -11:00 - SST # S=Samoa -Link Pacific/Pago_Pago Pacific/Midway # in US minor outlying islands - -# Samoa (formerly and also known as Western Samoa) - -# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-10-16): -# We have been in contact with the government of Samoa again, and received -# the following info: -# -# "Cabinet has now approved Daylight Saving to be effected next year -# commencing from the last Sunday of September 2010 and conclude first -# Sunday of April 2011." -# -# Background info: -# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/samoa-dst-plan-2009.html -# -# Samoa's Daylight Saving Time Act 2009 is available here, but does not -# contain any dates: -# http://www.parliament.gov.ws/documents/acts/Daylight%20Saving%20Act%20%202009%20%28English%29%20-%20Final%207-7-091.pdf - -# From Laupue Raymond Hughes (2010-10-07): -# Please see -# http://www.mcil.gov.ws -# the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Labour (sideframe) "Last Sunday -# September 2010 (26/09/10) - adjust clocks forward from 12:00 midnight -# to 01:00am and First Sunday April 2011 (03/04/11) - adjust clocks -# backwards from 1:00am to 12:00am" - -# From Laupue Raymond Hughes (2011-03-07): -# [http://www.mcil.gov.ws/ftcd/daylight_saving_2011.pdf] -# -# ... when the standard time strikes the hour of four o'clock (4.00am -# or 0400 Hours) on the 2nd April 2011, then all instruments used to -# measure standard time are to be adjusted/changed to three o'clock -# (3:00am or 0300Hrs). - -# From David Zülke (2011-05-09): -# Subject: Samoa to move timezone from east to west of international date line -# -# http://www.morningstar.co.uk/uk/markets/newsfeeditem.aspx?id=138501958347963 - -# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-27): -# The International Date Line Act 2011 -# http://www.parliament.gov.ws/images/ACTS/International_Date_Line_Act__2011_-_Eng.pdf -# changed Samoa from UT -11 to +13, effective "12 o'clock midnight, on -# Thursday 29th December 2011". The International Date Line was adjusted -# accordingly. - -# From Laupue Raymond Hughes (2011-09-02): -# http://www.mcil.gov.ws/mcil_publications.html -# -# here is the official website publication for Samoa DST and dateline change -# -# DST -# Year End Time Start Time -# 2011 - - - - - - 24 September 3:00am to 4:00am -# 2012 01 April 4:00am to 3:00am - - - - - - -# -# Dateline Change skip Friday 30th Dec 2011 -# Thursday 29th December 2011 23:59:59 Hours -# Saturday 31st December 2011 00:00:00 Hours -# -# From Nicholas Pereira (2012-09-10): -# Daylight Saving Time commences on Sunday 30th September 2012 and -# ends on Sunday 7th of April 2013.... -# http://www.mcil.gov.ws/mcil_publications.html -# -# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-08): -# That web page currently lists transitions for 2012/3 and 2013/4. -# Assume the pattern instituted in 2012 will continue indefinitely. - -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule WS 2010 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1 - -Rule WS 2011 only - Apr Sat>=1 4:00 0 - -Rule WS 2011 only - Sep lastSat 3:00 1 - -Rule WS 2012 max - Apr Sun>=1 4:00 0 - -Rule WS 2012 max - Sep lastSun 3:00 1 - -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Apia 12:33:04 - LMT 1892 Jul 5 - -11:26:56 - LMT 1911 - -11:30 - -1130 1950 - -11:00 WS -11/-10 2011 Dec 29 24:00 - 13:00 WS +13/+14 - -# Solomon Is -# excludes Bougainville, for which see Papua New Guinea -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Guadalcanal 10:39:48 - LMT 1912 Oct # Honiara - 11:00 - +11 - -# Tokelau -# -# From Gwillim Law (2011-12-29) -# A correspondent informed me that Tokelau, like Samoa, will be skipping -# December 31 this year ... -# -# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-07-25) -# ... we double checked by calling hotels and offices based in Tokelau asking -# about the time there, and they all told a time that agrees with UTC+13.... -# Shanks says UT-10 from 1901 [but] ... there is a good chance the change -# actually was to UT-11 back then. -# -# From Paul Eggert (2012-07-25) -# A Google Books snippet of Appendix to the Journals of the House of -# Representatives of New Zealand, Session 1948, -# , page 65, says Tokelau -# was "11 hours slow on G.M.T." Go with Thorsen and assume Shanks & Pottenger -# are off by an hour starting in 1901. - -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Fakaofo -11:24:56 - LMT 1901 - -11:00 - -11 2011 Dec 30 - 13:00 - +13 - -# Tonga -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule Tonga 1999 only - Oct 7 2:00s 1:00 - -Rule Tonga 2000 only - Mar 19 2:00s 0 - -Rule Tonga 2000 2001 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 - -Rule Tonga 2001 2002 - Jan lastSun 2:00 0 - -Rule Tonga 2016 only - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 - -Rule Tonga 2017 only - Jan Sun>=15 3:00 0 - -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Tongatapu 12:19:20 - LMT 1901 - 12:20 - +1220 1941 - 13:00 - +13 1999 - 13:00 Tonga +13/+14 - -# Tuvalu -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Funafuti 11:56:52 - LMT 1901 - 12:00 - +12 - - -# US minor outlying islands - -# Howland, Baker -# Howland was mined for guano by American companies 1857-1878 and British -# 1886-1891; Baker was similar but exact dates are not known. -# Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; U.S. military bases 1943-1944; -# uninhabited thereafter. -# Howland observed Hawaii Standard Time (UT -10:30) in 1937; -# see page 206 of Elgen M. Long and Marie K. Long, -# Amelia Earhart: the Mystery Solved, Simon & Schuster (2000). -# So most likely Howland and Baker observed Hawaii Time from 1935 -# until they were abandoned after the war. - -# Jarvis -# Mined for guano by American companies 1857-1879 and British 1883?-1891?. -# Inhabited by civilians 1935-1942; IGY scientific base 1957-1958; -# uninhabited thereafter. -# no information; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati - -# Johnston -# -# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10): -# Sometimes Johnston kept Hawaii time, and sometimes it was an hour behind. -# Details are uncertain. We have no data for Johnston after 1970, so -# treat it like Hawaii for now. Since Johnston is now uninhabited, -# its link to Pacific/Honolulu is in the 'backward' file. -# -# In his memoirs of June 6th to October 4, 1945 -# (2005), Herbert C. Bach writes, -# "We started our letdown to Kwajalein Atoll and landed there at 5:00 AM -# Johnston time, 1:30 AM Kwajalein time." This was in June 1945, and -# confirms that Johnston kept the same time as Honolulu in summer 1945. -# -# From Lyle McElhaney (2014-03-11): -# [W]hen JI was being used for that [atomic bomb] testing, the time being used -# was not Hawaiian time but rather the same time being used on the ships, -# which had a GMT offset of -11 hours. This apparently applied to at least the -# time from Operation Newsreel (Hardtack I/Teak shot, 1958-08-01) to the last -# Operation Fishbowl shot (Tightrope, 1962-11-04).... [See] Herman Hoerlin, -# "The United States High-Altitude Test Experience: A Review Emphasizing the -# Impact on the Environment", Los Alamos LA-6405, Oct 1976. -# https://www.fas.org/sgp/othergov/doe/lanl/docs1/00322994.pdf -# See the table on page 4 where he lists GMT and local times for the tests; a -# footnote for the JI tests reads that local time is "JI time = Hawaii Time -# Minus One Hour". - -# Kingman -# uninhabited - -# Midway -# See Pacific/Pago_Pago. - -# Palmyra -# uninhabited since World War II; was probably like Pacific/Kiritimati - -# Wake -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Wake 11:06:28 - LMT 1901 - 12:00 - +12 - - -# Vanuatu -# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S -Rule Vanuatu 1983 only - Sep 25 0:00 1:00 - -Rule Vanuatu 1984 1991 - Mar Sun>=23 0:00 0 - -Rule Vanuatu 1984 only - Oct 23 0:00 1:00 - -Rule Vanuatu 1985 1991 - Sep Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 - -Rule Vanuatu 1992 1993 - Jan Sun>=23 0:00 0 - -Rule Vanuatu 1992 only - Oct Sun>=23 0:00 1:00 - -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Efate 11:13:16 - LMT 1912 Jan 13 # Vila - 11:00 Vanuatu +11/+12 - -# Wallis and Futuna -# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] -Zone Pacific/Wallis 12:15:20 - LMT 1901 - 12:00 - +12 - -############################################################################### - -# NOTES - -# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, -# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to -# tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see -# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution. - -# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18): -# -# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is: -# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition), -# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003). -# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources. -# -# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source -# for time zone data was the International Air Transport -# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM), -# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries -# of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted, -# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990. -# -# Another source occasionally used is Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences, -# Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated), which -# I found in the UCLA library. -# -# For data circa 1899, a common source is: -# Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94. -# https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359 -# -# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is -# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997). -# -# I invented the abbreviation marked "*". -# The following abbreviations are from other sources. -# Corrections are welcome! -# std dst -# LMT Local Mean Time -# 8:00 AWST AWDT Western Australia -# 9:30 ACST ACDT Central Australia -# 10:00 AEST AEDT Eastern Australia -# 10:00 GST GDT* Guam through 2000 -# 10:00 ChST Chamorro -# 11:30 NZMT NZST New Zealand through 1945 -# 12:00 NZST NZDT New Zealand 1946-present -# -11:00 SST Samoa -# -10:00 HST Hawaii -# -# See the 'northamerica' file for Hawaii. -# See the 'southamerica' file for Easter I and the Galápagos Is. - -############################################################################### - -# Australia - -# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): -# Daylight saving time has long been controversial in Australia, pitting -# region against region, rural against urban, and local against global. -# For example, in her review of Graeme Davison's _The Unforgiving -# Minute: how Australians learned to tell the time_ (1993), Perth native -# Phillipa J Martyr wrote, "The section entitled 'Saving Daylight' was -# very informative, but was (as can, sadly, only be expected from a -# Melbourne-based study) replete with the usual chuckleheaded -# Queenslanders and straw-chewing yokels from the West prattling fables -# about fading curtains and crazed farm animals." -# Electronic Journal of Australian and New Zealand History (1997-03-03) -# http://www.jcu.edu.au/aff/history/reviews/davison.htm - -# From Paul Eggert (2005-12-08): -# Implementation Dates of Daylight Saving Time within Australia -# http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/dst_times.shtml -# summarizes daylight saving issues in Australia. - -# From Arthur David Olson (2005-12-12): -# Lawlink NSW:Daylight Saving in New South Wales -# http://www.lawlink.nsw.gov.au/lawlink/Corporate/ll_agdinfo.nsf/pages/community_relations_daylight_saving -# covers New South Wales in particular. - -# From John Mackin (1991-03-06): -# We in Australia have _never_ referred to DST as 'daylight' time. -# It is called 'summer' time. Now by a happy coincidence, 'summer' -# and 'standard' happen to start with the same letter; hence, the -# abbreviation does _not_ change... -# The legislation does not actually define abbreviations, at least -# in this State, but the abbreviation is just commonly taken to be the -# initials of the phrase, and the legislation here uniformly uses -# the phrase 'summer time' and does not use the phrase 'daylight -# time'. -# Announcers on the Commonwealth radio network, the ABC (for Australian -# Broadcasting Commission), use the phrases 'Eastern Standard Time' -# or 'Eastern Summer Time'. (Note, though, that as I say in the -# current australasia file, there is really no such thing.) Announcers -# on its overseas service, Radio Australia, use the same phrases -# prefixed by the word 'Australian' when referring to local times; -# time announcements on that service, naturally enough, are made in UTC. - -# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-30): -# -# Inspired by Mackin's remarks quoted above, earlier versions of this -# file used "EST" for both Eastern Standard Time and Eastern Summer -# Time in Australia, and similarly for "CST", "CWST", and "WST". -# However, these abbreviations were confusing and were not common -# practice among Australians, and there were justifiable complaints -# about them, so I attempted to survey current Australian usage. -# For the tz database, the full English phrase is not that important; -# what matters is the abbreviation. It's difficult to survey the web -# directly for abbreviation usage, as there are so many false hits for -# strings like "EST" and "EDT", so I looked for pages that defined an -# abbreviation for eastern or central DST in Australia, and got the -# following numbers of unique hits for the listed Google queries: -# -# 10 "Eastern Daylight Time AEST" site:au [some are false hits] -# 10 "Eastern Summer Time AEST" site:au -# 10 "Summer Time AEDT" site:au -# 13 "EDST Eastern Daylight Saving Time" site:au -# 18 "Summer Time ESST" site:au -# 28 "Eastern Daylight Saving Time EDST" site:au -# 39 "EDT Eastern Daylight Time" site:au [some are false hits] -# 53 "Eastern Daylight Time EDT" site:au [some are false hits] -# 54 "AEDT Australian Eastern Daylight Time" site:au -# 182 "Eastern Daylight Time AEDT" site:au -# -# 17 "Central Daylight Time CDT" site:au [some are false hits] -# 46 "Central Daylight Time ACDT" site:au -# -# I tried several other variants (e.g., "Eastern Summer Time EST") but -# they all returned fewer than 10 unique hits. I also looked for pages -# mentioning both "western standard time" and an abbreviation, since -# there is no WST in the US to generate false hits, and found: -# -# 156 "western standard time" AWST site:au -# 226 "western standard time" WST site:au -# -# I then surveyed the top ten newspapers in Australia by circulation as -# listed in Wikipedia, using Google queries like "AEDT site:heraldsun.com.au" -# and obtaining estimated counts from the initial page of search results. -# All ten papers greatly preferred "AEDT" to "EDT". The papers -# surveyed were the Herald Sun, The Daily Telegraph, The Courier-Mail, -# The Sydney Morning Herald, The West Australian, The Age, The Advertiser, -# The Australian, The Financial Review, and The Herald (Newcastle). -# -# I also searched for historical usage, to see whether abbreviations -# like "AEDT" are new. A Trove search -# found only one newspaper (The Canberra Times) with a house style -# dating back to the 1970s, I expect because other newspapers weren't -# fully indexed. The Canberra Times strongly preferred abbreviations -# like "AEDT". The first occurrence of "AEDT" was a World Weather -# column (1971-11-17, page 24), and of "ACDT" was a Scoreboard column -# (1993-01-24, p 16). The style was the typical usage but was not -# strictly enforced; for example, "Welcome to the twilight zones ..." -# (1994-10-29, p 1) uses the abbreviations AEST/AEDT, CST/CDT, and -# WST, and goes on to say, "The confusion and frustration some feel -# about the lack of uniformity among Australia's six states and two -# territories has prompted one group to form its very own political -# party -- the Sydney-based Daylight Saving Extension Party." -# -# I also surveyed federal government sources. They did not agree: -# -# The Australian Government (2014-03-26) -# http://australia.gov.au/about-australia/our-country/time -# (This document was produced by the Department of Finance.) -# AEST ACST AWST AEDT ACDT -# -# Bureau of Meteorology (2012-11-08) -# http://www.bom.gov.au/climate/averages/tables/daysavtm.shtml -# EST CST WST EDT CDT -# -# Civil Aviation Safety Authority (undated) -# http://services.casa.gov.au/outnback/inc/pages/episode3/episode-3_time_zones.shtml -# EST CST WST (no abbreviations given for DST) -# -# Geoscience Australia (2011-11-24) -# http://www.ga.gov.au/geodesy/astro/sunrise.jsp -# AEST ACST AWST AEDT ACDT -# -# Parliamentary Library (2008-11-10) -# https://www.aph.gov.au/binaries/library/pubs/rp/2008-09/09rp14.pdf -# EST CST WST preferred for standard time; AEST AEDT ACST ACDT also used -# -# The Transport Safety Bureau has an extensive series of accident reports, -# and investigators seem to use whatever abbreviation they like. -# Googling site:atsb.gov.au found the following number of unique hits: -# 311 "ESuT", 195 "EDT", 26 "AEDT", 83 "CSuT", 46 "CDT". -# "_SuT" tended to appear in older reports, and "A_DT" tended to -# appear in reports of events with international implications. -# -# From the above it appears that there is a working consensus in -# Australia to use trailing "DT" for daylight saving time; although -# some sources use trailing "SST" or "ST" or "SuT" they are by far in -# the minority. The case for leading "A" is weaker, but since it -# seems to be preferred in the overall web and is preferred in all -# the leading newspaper websites and in many government departments, -# it has a stronger case than omitting the leading "A". The current -# version of the database therefore uses abbreviations like "AEST" and -# "AEDT" for Australian time zones. - -# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19): -# Shanks & Pottenger report 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and NZ. -# Mark Prior writes that his newspaper -# reports that NSW's fall 1995 change will occur at 2:00, -# but Robert Elz says it's been 3:00 in Victoria since 1970 -# and perhaps the newspaper's '2:00' is referring to standard time. -# For now we'll continue to assume 2:00s for changes since 1960. - -# From Eric Ulevik (1998-01-05): -# -# Here are some URLs to Australian time legislation. These URLs are stable, -# and should probably be included in the data file. There are probably more -# relevant entries in this database. -# -# NSW (including LHI and Broken Hill): -# Standard Time Act 1987 (updated 1995-04-04) -# https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/consol_act/sta1987137/index.html -# ACT -# Standard Time and Summer Time Act 1972 -# https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/act/consol_act/stasta1972279/index.html -# SA -# Standard Time Act, 1898 -# https://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/sa/consol_act/sta1898137/index.html - -# From David Grosz (2005-06-13): -# It was announced last week that Daylight Saving would be extended by -# one week next year to allow for the 2006 Commonwealth Games. -# Daylight Saving is now to end for next year only on the first Sunday -# in April instead of the last Sunday in March. -# -# From Gwillim Law (2005-06-14): -# I did some Googling and found that all of those states (and territory) plan -# to extend DST together in 2006. -# ACT: http://www.cmd.act.gov.au/mediareleases/fileread.cfm?file=86.txt -# New South Wales: http://www.thecouriermail.news.com.au/common/story_page/0,5936,15538869%255E1702,00.html -# South Australia: http://www.news.com.au/story/0,10117,15555031-1246,00.html -# Tasmania: http://www.media.tas.gov.au/release.php?id=14772 -# Victoria: I wasn't able to find anything separate, but the other articles -# allude to it. -# But not Queensland -# http://www.news.com.au/story/0,10117,15564030-1248,00.html - -# Northern Territory - -# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): -# # The NORTHERN TERRITORY.. [ Courtesy N.T. Dept of the Chief Minister ] -# # [ Nov 1990 ] -# # N.T. have never utilised any DST due to sub-tropical/tropical location. -# ... -# Zone Australia/North 9:30 - CST - -# From Bradley White (1991-03-04): -# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... -# the Northern Territory do[es] not have daylight saving. - -# Western Australia - -# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): -# # The state of WESTERN AUSTRALIA.. [ Courtesy W.A. dept Premier+Cabinet ] -# # [ Nov 1990 ] -# # W.A. suffers from a great deal of public and political opposition to -# # DST in principle. A bill is brought before parliament in most years, but -# # usually defeated either in the upper house, or in party caucus -# # before reaching parliament. -# ... -# Zone Australia/West 8:00 AW %sST -# ... -# Rule AW 1974 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D -# Rule AW 1975 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W -# Rule AW 1983 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D -# Rule AW 1984 only - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 W - -# From Bradley White (1991-03-04): -# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... -# Western Australia...do[es] not have daylight saving. - -# From John D. Newman via Bradley White (1991-11-02): -# Western Australia is still on "winter time". Some DH in Sydney -# rang me at home a few days ago at 6.00am. (He had just arrived at -# work at 9.00am.) -# W.A. is switching to Summer Time on Nov 17th just to confuse -# everybody again. - -# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08): -# The 1992 ending date used in the rules is a best guess; -# it matches what was used in the past. - -# The Australian Bureau of Meteorology FAQ -# http://www.bom.gov.au/faq/faqgen.htm -# (1999-09-27) writes that Giles Meteorological Station uses -# South Australian time even though it's located in Western Australia. - -# From Paul Eggert (2018-04-01): -# The Guardian Express of Perth, Australia reported today that the -# government decided to advance the clocks permanently on January 1, -# 2019, from UT +08 to UT +09. The article noted that an exemption -# would be made for people aged 61 and over, who "can apply in writing -# to have the extra hour of sunshine removed from their area." See: -# Daylight saving coming to WA in 2019. Guardian Express. 2018-04-01. -# https://www.communitynews.com.au/guardian-express/news/exclusive-daylight-savings-coming-wa-summer-2018/ - -# Queensland - -# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-26): -# I lack access to the following source for Queensland DST: -# Pearce C. History of daylight saving time in Queensland. -# Queensland Hist J. 2017 Aug;23(6):389-403 -# https://search.informit.com.au/documentSummary;dn=994682348436426;res=IELHSS - -# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): -# # The state of QUEENSLAND.. [ Courtesy Qld. Dept Premier Econ&Trade Devel ] -# # [ Dec 1990 ] -# ... -# Zone Australia/Queensland 10:00 AQ %sST -# ... -# Rule AQ 1971 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D -# Rule AQ 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 E -# Rule AQ 1989 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D -# Rule AQ 1990 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 E - -# From Bradley White (1989-12-24): -# "Australia/Queensland" now observes daylight time (i.e. from -# October 1989). - -# From Bradley White (1991-03-04): -# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... -# ...Queensland...[has] agreed to end daylight saving -# at 3am tomorrow (March 3)... - -# From John Mackin (1991-03-06): -# I can certainly confirm for my part that Daylight Saving in NSW did in fact -# end on Sunday, 3 March. I don't know at what hour, though. (It surprised -# me.) - -# From Bradley White (1992-03-08): -# ...there was recently a referendum in Queensland which resulted -# in the experimental daylight saving system being abandoned. So, ... -# ... -# Rule QLD 1989 1991 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D -# Rule QLD 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S -# ... - -# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08): -# The chosen rules the union of the 1971/1972 change and the 1989-1992 changes. - -# From Christopher Hunt (2006-11-21), after an advance warning -# from Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-11-01): -# WA are trialing DST for three years. -# http://www.parliament.wa.gov.au/parliament/bills.nsf/9A1B183144403DA54825721200088DF1/$File/Bill175-1B.pdf - -# From Rives McDow (2002-04-09): -# The most interesting region I have found consists of three towns on the -# southern coast.... South Australia observes daylight saving time; Western -# Australia does not. The two states are one and a half hours apart. The -# residents decided to forget about this nonsense of changing the clock so -# much and set the local time 20 hours and 45 minutes from the -# international date line, or right in the middle of the time of South -# Australia and Western Australia.... -# -# From Paul Eggert (2002-04-09): -# This is confirmed by the section entitled -# "What's the deal with time zones???" in -# http://www.earthsci.unimelb.edu.au/~awatkins/null.html -# -# From Alex Livingston (2006-12-07): -# ... it was just on four years ago that I drove along the Eyre Highway, -# which passes through eastern Western Australia close to the southern -# coast of the continent. -# -# I paid particular attention to the time kept there. There can be no -# dispute that UTC+08:45 was considered "the time" from the border -# village just inside the border with South Australia to as far west -# as just east of Caiguna. There can also be no dispute that Eucla is -# the largest population centre in this zone.... -# -# Now that Western Australia is observing daylight saving, the -# question arose whether this part of the state would follow suit. I -# just called the border village and confirmed that indeed they have, -# meaning that they are now observing UTC+09:45. -# -# (2006-12-09): -# I personally doubt that either experimentation with daylight saving -# in WA or its introduction in SA had anything to do with the genesis -# of this time zone. My hunch is that it's been around since well -# before 1975. I remember seeing it noted on road maps decades ago. - -# From Paul Eggert (2006-12-15): -# For lack of better info, assume the tradition dates back to the -# introduction of standard time in 1895. - - -# southeast Australia -# -# From Paul Eggert (2007-07-23): -# Starting autumn 2008 Victoria, NSW, South Australia, Tasmania and the ACT -# end DST the first Sunday in April and start DST the first Sunday in October. -# http://www.theage.com.au/news/national/daylight-savings-to-span-six-months/2007/06/27/1182623966703.html - - -# South Australia - -# From Bradley White (1991-03-04): -# A recent excerpt from an Australian newspaper... -# ...South Australia...[has] agreed to end daylight saving -# at 3am tomorrow (March 3)... - -# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): -# # The state of SOUTH AUSTRALIA....[ Courtesy of S.A. Dept of Labour ] -# # [ Nov 1990 ] -# ... -# Zone Australia/South 9:30 AS %sST -# ... -# Rule AS 1971 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D -# Rule AS 1972 1985 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C -# Rule AS 1986 1990 - Mar Sun>=15 3:00 0 C -# Rule AS 1991 max - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 C - -# From Bradley White (1992-03-11): -# Recent correspondence with a friend in Adelaide -# contained the following exchange: "Due to the Adelaide Festival, -# South Australia delays setting back our clocks for a few weeks." - -# From Robert Elz (1992-03-13): -# I heard that apparently (or at least, it appears that) -# South Aus will have an extra 3 weeks daylight saving every even -# numbered year (from 1990). That's when the Adelaide Festival -# is on... - -# From Robert Elz (1992-03-16, 00:57:07 +1000): -# DST didn't end in Adelaide today (yesterday).... -# But whether it's "4th Sunday" or "2nd last Sunday" I have no idea whatever... -# (it's just as likely to be "the Sunday we pick for this year"...). - -# From Bradley White (1994-04-11): -# If Sun, 15 March, 1992 was at +1030 as kre asserts, but yet Sun, 20 March, -# 1994 was at +0930 as John Connolly's customer seems to assert, then I can -# only conclude that the actual rule is more complicated.... - -# From John Warburton (1994-10-07): -# The new Daylight Savings dates for South Australia ... -# was gazetted in the Government Hansard on Sep 26 1994.... -# start on last Sunday in October and end in last sunday in March. - -# From Paul Eggert (2007-07-23): -# See "southeast Australia" above for 2008 and later. - -# Tasmania - -# The rules for 1967 through 1991 were reported by George Shepherd -# via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): -# # The state of TASMANIA.. [Courtesy Tasmanian Dept of Premier + Cabinet ] -# # [ Nov 1990 ] - -# From Bill Hart via Guy Harris (1991-10-10): -# Oh yes, the new daylight savings rules are uniquely tasmanian, we have -# 6 weeks a year now when we are out of sync with the rest of Australia -# (but nothing new about that). - -# From Alex Livingston (1999-10-04): -# I heard on the ABC (Australian Broadcasting Corporation) radio news on the -# (long) weekend that Tasmania, which usually goes its own way in this regard, -# has decided to join with most of NSW, the ACT, and most of Victoria -# (Australia) and start daylight saving on the last Sunday in August in 2000 -# instead of the first Sunday in October. - -# Sim Alam (2000-07-03) reported a legal citation for the 2000/2001 rules: -# http://www.thelaw.tas.gov.au/fragview/42++1968+GS3A@EN+2000070300 - -# From Paul Eggert (2007-07-23): -# See "southeast Australia" above for 2008 and later. - -# Victoria - -# The rules for 1971 through 1991 were reported by George Shepherd -# via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): -# # The state of VICTORIA.. [ Courtesy of Vic. Dept of Premier + Cabinet ] -# # [ Nov 1990 ] - -# From Scott Harrington (2001-08-29): -# On KQED's "City Arts and Lectures" program last night I heard an -# interesting story about daylight savings time. Dr. John Heilbron was -# discussing his book "The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar -# Observatories"[1], and in particular the Shrine of Remembrance[2] located -# in Melbourne, Australia. -# -# Apparently the shrine's main purpose is a beam of sunlight which -# illuminates a special spot on the floor at the 11th hour of the 11th day -# of the 11th month (Remembrance Day) every year in memory of Australia's -# fallen WWI soldiers. And if you go there on Nov. 11, at 11am local time, -# you will indeed see the sunbeam illuminate the special spot at the -# expected time. -# -# However, that is only because of some special mirror contraption that had -# to be employed, since due to daylight savings time, the true solar time of -# the remembrance moment occurs one hour later (or earlier?). Perhaps -# someone with more information on this jury-rig can tell us more. -# -# [1] http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/HEISUN.html -# [2] http://www.shrine.org.au - -# From Paul Eggert (2007-07-23): -# See "southeast Australia" above for 2008 and later. - -# New South Wales - -# From Arthur David Olson: -# New South Wales and subjurisdictions have their own ideas of a fun time. -# Based on law library research by John Mackin, -# who notes: -# In Australia, time is not legislated federally, but rather by the -# individual states. Thus, while such terms as "Eastern Standard Time" -# [I mean, of course, Australian EST, not any other kind] are in common -# use, _they have NO REAL MEANING_, as they are not defined in the -# legislation. This is very important to understand. -# I have researched New South Wales time only... - -# From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-26): -# DST will start in NSW on the last Sunday of August, rather than the usual -# October in 2000. See: Matthew Moore, -# Two months more daylight saving, Sydney Morning Herald (1999-05-26). -# http://www.smh.com.au/news/9905/26/pageone/pageone4.html - -# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-27): -# See the following official NSW source: -# Daylight Saving in New South Wales. -# http://dir.gis.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/genobject/document/other/daylightsaving/tigGmZ -# -# Narrabri Shire (NSW) council has announced it will ignore the extension of -# daylight saving next year. See: -# Narrabri Council to ignore daylight saving -# http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/neweng/monthly/regeng-22jul1999-1.htm -# (1999-07-22). For now, we'll wait to see if this really happens. -# -# Victoria will follow NSW. See: -# Vic to extend daylight saving (1999-07-28) -# http://abc.net.au/local/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990728112314_1.htm -# -# However, South Australia rejected the DST request. See: -# South Australia rejects Olympics daylight savings request (1999-07-19) -# http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/07/item19990719151754_1.htm -# -# Queensland also will not observe DST for the Olympics. See: -# Qld says no to daylight savings for Olympics -# http://abc.net.au/news/olympics/1999/06/item19990601114608_1.htm -# (1999-06-01), which quotes Queensland Premier Peter Beattie as saying -# "Look you've got to remember in my family when this came up last time -# I voted for it, my wife voted against it and she said to me it's all very -# well for you, you don't have to worry about getting the children out of -# bed, getting them to school, getting them to sleep at night. -# I've been through all this argument domestically...my wife rules." -# -# Broken Hill will stick with South Australian time in 2000. See: -# Broken Hill to be behind the times (1999-07-21) -# http://abc.net.au/news/regionals/brokenh/monthly/regbrok-21jul1999-6.htm - -# IATA SSIM (1998-09) says that the spring 2000 change for Australian -# Capital Territory, New South Wales except Lord Howe Island and Broken -# Hill, and Victoria will be August 27, presumably due to the Sydney Olympics. - -# From Eric Ulevik, referring to Sydney's Sun Herald (2000-08-13), page 29: -# The Queensland Premier Peter Beattie is encouraging northern NSW -# towns to use Queensland time. - -# From Paul Eggert (2007-07-23): -# See "southeast Australia" above for 2008 and later. - -# Yancowinna - -# From John Mackin (1989-01-04): -# 'Broken Hill' means the County of Yancowinna. - -# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): -# # YANCOWINNA.. [ Confirmation courtesy of Broken Hill Postmaster ] -# # [ Dec 1990 ] -# ... -# # Yancowinna uses Central Standard Time, despite [its] location on the -# # New South Wales side of the S.A. border. Most business and social dealings -# # are with CST zones, therefore CST is legislated by local government -# # although the switch to Summer Time occurs in line with N.S.W. There have -# # been years when this did not apply, but the historical data is not -# # presently available. -# Zone Australia/Yancowinna 9:30 AY %sST -# ... -# Rule AY 1971 1985 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D -# Rule AY 1972 only - Feb lastSun 3:00 0 C -# [followed by other Rules] - -# Lord Howe Island - -# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): -# LHI... [ Courtesy of Pauline Van Winsen ] -# [ Dec 1990 ] -# Lord Howe Island is located off the New South Wales coast, and is half an -# hour ahead of NSW time. - -# From James Lonergan, Secretary, Lord Howe Island Board (2000-01-27): -# Lord Howe Island summer time in 2000/2001 will commence on the same -# date as the rest of NSW (i.e. 2000-08-27). For your information the -# Lord Howe Island Board (controlling authority for the Island) is -# seeking the community's views on various options for summer time -# arrangements on the Island, e.g. advance clocks by 1 full hour -# instead of only 30 minutes. [Dependent] on the wishes of residents -# the Board may approach the NSW government to change the existing -# arrangements. The starting date for summer time on the Island will -# however always coincide with the rest of NSW. - -# From James Lonergan, Secretary, Lord Howe Island Board (2000-10-25): -# Lord Howe Island advances clocks by 30 minutes during DST in NSW and retards -# clocks by 30 minutes when DST finishes. Since DST was most recently -# introduced in NSW, the "changeover" time on the Island has been 02:00 as -# shown on clocks on LHI. I guess this means that for 30 minutes at the start -# of DST, LHI is actually 1 hour ahead of the rest of NSW. - -# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): -# For Lord Howe dates we use Shanks & Pottenger through 1989, and -# Lonergan thereafter. For times we use Lonergan. - -# From Paul Eggert (2007-07-23): -# See "southeast Australia" above for 2008 and later. - -# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-04-28): -# According to the official press release, South Australia's extended daylight -# saving period will continue with the same rules as used during the 2008-2009 -# summer (southern hemisphere). -# -# From -# http://www.safework.sa.gov.au/uploaded_files/DaylightDatesSet.pdf -# The extended daylight saving period that South Australia has been trialling -# for over the last year is now set to be ongoing. -# Daylight saving will continue to start on the first Sunday in October each -# year and finish on the first Sunday in April the following year. -# Industrial Relations Minister, Paul Caica, says this provides South Australia -# with a consistent half hour time difference with NSW, Victoria, Tasmania and -# the ACT for all 52 weeks of the year... -# -# We have a wrap-up here: -# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/south-australia-extends-dst.html -############################################################################### - -# New Zealand - -# From Mark Davies (1990-10-03): -# the 1989/90 year was a trial of an extended "daylight saving" period. -# This trial was deemed successful and the extended period adopted for -# subsequent years (with the addition of a further week at the start). -# source - phone call to Ministry of Internal Affairs Head Office. - -# From George Shepherd via Simon Woodhead via Robert Elz (1991-03-06): -# # The Country of New Zealand (Australia's east island -) Gee they hate that! -# # or is Australia the west island of N.Z. -# # [ courtesy of Geoff Tribble.. Auckland N.Z. ] -# # [ Nov 1990 ] -# ... -# Rule NZ 1974 1988 - Oct lastSun 2:00 1:00 D -# Rule NZ 1989 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D -# Rule NZ 1975 1989 - Mar Sun>=1 3:00 0 S -# Rule NZ 1990 max - Mar lastSun 3:00 0 S -# ... -# Zone NZ 12:00 NZ NZ%sT # New Zealand -# Zone NZ-CHAT 12:45 - NZ-CHAT # Chatham Island - -# From Arthur David Olson (1992-03-08): -# The chosen rules use the Davies October 8 values for the start of DST in 1989 -# rather than the October 1 value. - -# From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19); -# Shank & Pottenger report 2:00 for all autumn changes in Australia and NZ. -# Robert Uzgalis writes that the New Zealand Daylight -# Savings Time Order in Council dated 1990-06-18 specifies 2:00 standard -# time on both the first Sunday in October and the third Sunday in March. -# As with Australia, we'll assume the tradition is 2:00s, not 2:00. -# -# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): -# The Department of Internal Affairs (DIA) maintains a brief history, -# as does Carol Squires; see tz-link.html for the full references. -# Use these sources in preference to Shanks & Pottenger. -# -# For Chatham, IATA SSIM (1991/1999) gives the NZ rules but with -# transitions at 2:45 local standard time; this confirms that Chatham -# is always exactly 45 minutes ahead of Auckland. - -# From Colin Sharples (2007-04-30): -# DST will now start on the last Sunday in September, and end on the -# first Sunday in April. The changes take effect this year, meaning -# that DST will begin on 2007-09-30 2008-04-06. -# http://www.dia.govt.nz/diawebsite.nsf/wpg_URL/Services-Daylight-Saving-Daylight-saving-to-be-extended - -# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-14): -# Chatham Island time was formally standardized on 1957-01-01 by -# New Zealand's Standard Time Amendment Act 1956 (1956-10-26). -# https://www.austlii.edu.au/nz/legis/hist_act/staa19561956n100244.pdf -# According to Google Books snippet view, a speaker in the New Zealand -# parliamentary debates in 1956 said "Clause 78 makes provision for standard -# time in the Chatham Islands. The time there is 45 minutes in advance of New -# Zealand time. I understand that is the time they keep locally, anyhow." -# For now, assume this practice goes back to the introduction of standard time -# in New Zealand, as this would make Chatham Islands time almost exactly match -# LMT back when New Zealand was at UT +11:30; also, assume Chatham Islands did -# not observe New Zealand's prewar DST. - -############################################################################### - - -# Fiji - -# Howse writes (p 153) that in 1879 the British governor of Fiji -# enacted an ordinance standardizing the islands on Antipodean Time -# instead of the American system (which was one day behind). - -# From Rives McDow (1998-10-08): -# Fiji will introduce DST effective 0200 local time, 1998-11-01 -# until 0300 local time 1999-02-28. Each year the DST period will -# be from the first Sunday in November until the last Sunday in February. - -# From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08): -# IATA SSIM (1999-09) says DST ends 0100 local time. Go with McDow. - -# From the BBC World Service in -# http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/205226.stm (1998-10-31 16:03 UTC): -# The Fijian government says the main reasons for the time change is to -# improve productivity and reduce road accidents.... [T]he move is also -# intended to boost Fiji's ability to attract tourists to witness the dawning -# of the new millennium. - -# http://www.fiji.gov.fj/press/2000_09/2000_09_13-05.shtml (2000-09-13) -# reports that Fiji has discontinued DST. - - -# Kiribati - -# From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22): -# Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (page 1) reports that Kiribati -# "declared it the same day [throughout] the country as of Jan. 1, 1995" -# as part of the competition to be first into the 21st century. - -# From Kerry Shetline (2018-02-03): -# December 31 was the day that was skipped, so that the transition -# would be from Friday December 30, 1994 to Sunday January 1, 1995. -# From Paul Eggert (2018-02-04): -# One source for this is page 202 of: Bartky IR. One Time Fits All: -# The Campaigns for Global Uniformity (2007). - -# Kwajalein - -# From an AP article (1993-08-22): -# "The nearly 3,000 Americans living on this remote Pacific atoll have a good -# excuse for not remembering Saturday night: there wasn't one. Residents were -# going to bed Friday night and waking up Sunday morning because at midnight -# -- 8 A.M. Eastern daylight time on Saturday -- Kwajalein was jumping from -# one side of the international date line to the other." -# "In Marshall Islands, Friday is followed by Sunday", NY Times. 1993-08-22. -# https://www.nytimes.com/1993/08/22/world/in-marshall-islands-friday-is-followed-by-sunday.html - -# From Phake Nick (2018-10-27): -# ... pointed out that -# currently tzdata say Pacific/Kwajalein switched from GMT+11 to GMT-12 in -# 1969 October without explanation, however an 1993 article from NYT say it -# synchorized its day with US mainland about 40 years ago and thus the switch -# should occur at around 1950s instead. -# -# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18): -# The NYT (actually, AP) article is vague and possibly wrong about this. -# The article says the earlier switch was "40 years ago when the United States -# Army established a missile test range here". However, the Kwajalein Test -# Center was established on 1960-10-01 and was run by the US Navy. It was -# transferred to the US Army on 1964-07-01. See "Seize the High Ground" -# . -# Given that Shanks was right on the money about the 1993 change, I'm inclined -# to take Shanks's word for the 1969 change unless we find better evidence. - - -# N Mariana Is, Guam - -# From Phake Nick (2018-10-27): -# Guam Island was briefly annexed by Japan during ... year 1941-1944 ... -# however there are no detailed information about what time it use during that -# period. It would probably be reasonable to assume Guam use GMT+9 during -# that period of time like the surrounding area. - -# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18): -# Howse writes (p 153) "The Spaniards, on the other hand, reached the -# Philippines and the Ladrones from America," and implies that the Ladrones -# (now called the Marianas) kept American date for quite some time. -# For now, we assume the Ladrones switched at the same time as the Philippines; -# see Asia/Manila. -# -# Use 1941-12-10 and 1944-07-31 for Guam WWII transitions, as the rough start -# and end of Japanese control of Agana. We don't know whether the Northern -# Marianas followed Guam's DST rules from 1959 through 1977; for now, assume -# they did as that avoids the need for a separate zone due to our 1970 cutoff. -# -# US Public Law 106-564 (2000-12-23) made UT +10 the official standard time, -# under the name "Chamorro Standard Time". There is no official abbreviation, -# but Congressman Robert A. Underwood, author of the bill that became law, -# wrote in a press release (2000-12-27) that he will seek the use of "ChST". - -# See also the commentary for Micronesia. - - -# Marshall Is -# See the commentary for Micronesia. - - -# Micronesia (and nearby) - -# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18): -# Like the Ladrones (see Guam commentary), assume the Spanish East Indies -# kept American time until the Philippines switched at the end of 1844. - -# Alan Eugene Davis writes (1996-03-16), -# "I am certain, having lived there for the past decade, that 'Truk' -# (now properly known as Chuuk) ... is in the time zone GMT+10." -# -# Shanks & Pottenger write that Truk switched from UT +10 to +11 -# on 1978-10-01; ignore this for now. - -# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29): -# The Federated States of Micronesia Visitors Board writes in -# The Federated States of Micronesia - Visitor Information (1999-01-26) -# http://www.fsmgov.org/info/clocks.html -# that Truk and Yap are UT +10, and Ponape and Kosrae are +11. -# We don't know when Kosrae switched from +12; assume January 1 for now. - -# From Phake Nick (2018-10-27): -# -# From a Japanese wiki site https://wiki.suikawiki.org/n/南洋群島の標準時 -# ... -# For "Southern Islands" (modern region of Mariana + Palau + Federation of -# Micronesia + Marshall Islands): -# -# A 1906 Japanese magazine shown the Caroline Islands and Mariana Islands -# who was occupied by Germany at the time as GMT+10, together with the like -# of German New Guinea. However there is a marking saying it have not been -# implemented (yet). No further information after that were found. -# -# Japan invaded those islands in 1914, and records shows that they were -# instructed to use JST at the time. -# -# 1915 January telecommunication record on the Jaluit Atoll shows they use -# the meridian of 170E as standard time (GMT+11:20), which is similar to the -# longitude of the atoll. -# 1915 February record say the 170E standard time is to be used until -# February 9 noon, and after February 9 noon they are to use JST. -# However these are time used within the Japanese Military at the time and -# probably does not reflect the time used by local resident at the time (that -# is if they keep their own time back then) -# -# In January 1919 the occupying force issued a command that split the area -# into three different timezone with meridian of 135E, 150E, 165E (JST+0, +1, -# +2), and the command was to become effective from February 1 of the same -# year. Despite the target of the command is still only for the occupying -# force itself, further publication have described the time as the standard -# time for the occupied area and thus it can probably be seen as such. -# * Area that use meridian of 135E: Palau and Yap civil administration area -# (Southern Islands Western Standard Time) -# * Area that use meridian of 150E: Truk (Chuuk) and Saipan civil -# administration area (Southern Islands Central Standard Time) -# * Area that use meridian of 165E: Ponape (Pohnpei) and Jaluit civil -# administration area (Southern Islands Eastern Standard Time). -# * In the next few years Japanese occupation of those islands have been -# formalized via League of Nation Mandate (South Pacific Mandate) and formal -# governance structure have been established, these district [become -# subprefectures] and timezone classification have been inherited as standard -# time of the area. -# * Saipan subprefecture include Mariana islands (exclude Guam which was -# occupied by America at the time), Palau and Yap subprefecture rule the -# Western Caroline Islands with 137E longitude as border, Truk and Ponape -# subprefecture rule the Eastern Caroline Islands with 154E as border, Ponape -# subprefecture also rule part of Marshall Islands to the west of 164E -# starting from (1918?) and Jaluit subprefecture rule the rest of the -# Marshall Islands. -# -# And then in year 1937, an announcement was made to change the time in the -# area into 2 timezones: -# * Area that use meridian of 135E: area administered by Palau, Yap and -# Saipan subprefecture (Southern Islands Western Standard Time) -# * Area that use meridian of 150E: area administered by Truk (Chuuk), -# Ponape (Pohnpei) and Jaluit subprefecture (Southern Islands Eastern -# Standard Time) -# -# Another announcement issued in 1941 say that on April 1 that year, -# standard time of the Southern Islands would be changed to use the meridian -# of 135E (GMT+9), and thus abolishing timezone different within the area. -# -# Then Pacific theater of WWII started and Japan slowly lose control on the -# island. The webpage I linked above contain no information during this -# period of time.... -# -# After the end of WWII, in 1946 February, a document written by the -# (former?) Japanese military personnel describe there are 3 hours time -# different between Caroline islands time/Wake island time and the Chungking -# time, which would mean the time being used there at the time was GMT+10. -# -# After that, the area become Trust Territories of the Pacific Islands -# under American administration from year 1947. The site listed some -# American/International books/maps/publications about time used in those -# area during this period of time but they doesn't seems to be reliable -# information so it would be the best if someone know where can more reliable -# information can be found. -# -# -# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-18): -# -# For the above, use vague dates like "1914" and "1945" for transitions that -# plausibly exist but for which the details are not known. The information -# for Wake is too sketchy to act on. -# -# The 1906 GMT+10 info about German-controlled islands might not have been -# done, so omit it from the data for now. -# -# The Jaluit info governs Kwajalein. - - -# Midway - -# From Charles T O'Connor, KMTH DJ (1956), -# quoted in the KTMH section of the Radio Heritage Collection -# (2002-12-31): -# For the past two months we've been on what is known as Daylight -# Saving Time. This time has put us on air at 5am in the morning, -# your time down there in New Zealand. Starting September 2, 1956 -# we'll again go back to Standard Time. This'll mean that we'll go to -# air at 6am your time. -# -# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23): -# We don't know the date of that quote, but we'll guess they -# started DST on June 3. Possibly DST was observed other years -# in Midway, but we have no record of it. - -# Nauru - -# From Phake Nick (2018-10-31): -# Currently, the tz database say Nauru use LMT until 1921, and then -# switched to GMT+11:30 for the next two decades. -# However, a number of timezone map published in America/Japan back then -# showed its timezone as GMT+11 per https://wiki.suikawiki.org/n/ナウルの標準時 -# And it would also be nice if the 1921 transition date could be sourced. -# ... -# The "Nauru Standard Time Act 1978 Time Change" -# http://ronlaw.gov.nr/nauru_lpms/files/gazettes/4b23a17d2030150404db7a5fa5872f52.pdf#page=3 -# based on "Nauru Standard Time Act 1978 Time Change" -# http://www.paclii.org/nr/legis/num_act/nsta1978207/ defined that "Nauru -# Alternative Time" (GMT+12) should be in effect from 1979 Feb. -# -# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-19): -# The 1921-01-15 introduction of standard time is in Shanks; it is also in -# "Standard Time Throughout the World", US National Bureau of Standards (1935), -# page 3, which does not give the UT offset. In response to a comment by -# Phake Nick I set the Nauru time of occupation by Japan to -# 1942-08-29/1945-09-08 by using dates from: -# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_Nauru - -# Norfolk - -# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2015-09-23): -# Norfolk Island will change ... from +1130 to +1100: -# https://www.comlaw.gov.au/Details/F2015L01483/Explanatory%20Statement/Text -# ... at 12.30 am (by legal time in New South Wales) on 4 October 2015. -# http://www.norfolkisland.gov.nf/nia/MediaRelease/Media%20Release%20Norfolk%20Island%20Standard%20Time%20Change.pdf - -# From Paul Eggert (2015-09-23): -# Transitions before 2015 are from timeanddate.com, which consulted -# the Norfolk Island Museum and the Australian Bureau of Meteorology's -# Norfolk Island station, and found no record of Norfolk observing DST -# other than in 1974/5. See: -# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/australia/norfolk-island.html - -# Palau -# See commentary for Micronesia. - -# Pitcairn - -# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08): -# A Proclamation was signed by the Governor of Pitcairn on the 27th March 1998 -# with regard to Pitcairn Standard Time. The Proclamation is as follows. -# -# The local time for general purposes in the Islands shall be -# Co-ordinated Universal time minus 8 hours and shall be known -# as Pitcairn Standard Time. -# -# ... I have also seen Pitcairn listed as UTC minus 9 hours in several -# references, and can only assume that this was an error in interpretation -# somehow in light of this proclamation. - -# From Rives McDow (1999-11-09): -# The Proclamation regarding Pitcairn time came into effect on 27 April 1998 -# ... at midnight. - -# From Howie Phelps (1999-11-10), who talked to a Pitcairner via shortwave: -# Betty Christian told me yesterday that their local time is the same as -# Pacific Standard Time. They used to be ½ hour different from us here in -# Sacramento but it was changed a couple of years ago. - - -# (Western) Samoa and American Samoa - -# Howse writes (p 153) that after the 1879 standardization on Antipodean -# time by the British governor of Fiji, the King of Samoa decided to change -# "the date in his kingdom from the Antipodean to the American system, -# ordaining - by a masterpiece of diplomatic flattery - that -# the Fourth of July should be celebrated twice in that year." -# This happened in 1892, according to the Evening News (Sydney) of 1892-07-20. -# https://www.staff.science.uu.nl/~gent0113/idl/idl.htm - -# Although Shanks & Pottenger says they both switched to UT -11:30 -# in 1911, and to -11 in 1950. many earlier sources give -11 -# for American Samoa, e.g., the US National Bureau of Standards -# circular "Standard Time Throughout the World", 1932. -# Assume American Samoa switched to -11 in 1911, not 1950, -# and that after 1950 they agreed until (western) Samoa skipped a -# day in 2011. Assume also that the Samoas follow the US and New -# Zealand's "ST"/"DT" style of daylight-saving abbreviations. - - -# Tonga - -# From Paul Eggert (1996-01-22): -# Today's _Wall Street Journal_ (p 1) reports that "Tonga has been plotting -# to sneak ahead of [New Zealanders] by introducing daylight-saving time." -# Since Kiribati has moved the Date Line it's not clear what Tonga will do. - -# Don Mundell writes in the 1997-02-20 Tonga Chronicle -# How Tonga became 'The Land where Time Begins': -# http://www.tongatapu.net.to/tonga/homeland/timebegins.htm -# -# Until 1941 Tonga maintained a standard time 50 minutes ahead of NZST -# 12 hours and 20 minutes ahead of GMT. When New Zealand adjusted its -# standard time in 1940s, Tonga had the choice of subtracting from its -# local time to come on the same standard time as New Zealand or of -# advancing its time to maintain the differential of 13° -# (approximately 50 minutes ahead of New Zealand time). -# -# Because His Majesty King Tāufaʻāhau Tupou IV, then Crown Prince -# Tungī, preferred to ensure Tonga's title as the land where time -# begins, the Legislative Assembly approved the latter change. -# -# But some of the older, more conservative members from the outer -# islands objected. "If at midnight on Dec. 31, we move ahead 40 -# minutes, as your Royal Highness wishes, what becomes of the 40 -# minutes we have lost?" -# -# The Crown Prince, presented an unanswerable argument: "Remember that -# on the World Day of Prayer, you would be the first people on Earth -# to say your prayers in the morning." - -# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22): -# Shanks & Pottenger say the transition was on 1968-10-01; go with Mundell. - -# From Eric Ulevik (1999-05-03): -# Tonga's director of tourism, who is also secretary of the National Millennium -# Committee, has a plan to get Tonga back in front. -# He has proposed a one-off move to tropical daylight saving for Tonga from -# October to March, which has won approval in principle from the Tongan -# Government. - -# From Steffen Thorsen (1999-09-09): -# * Tonga will introduce DST in November -# -# I was given this link by John Letts: -# http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/asia-pacific/newsid_424000/424764.stm -# -# I have not been able to find exact dates for the transition in November -# yet. By reading this article it seems like Fiji will be 14 hours ahead -# of UTC as well, but as far as I know Fiji will only be 13 hours ahead -# (12 + 1 hour DST). - -# From Arthur David Olson (1999-09-20): -# According to : -# "Daylight Savings Time will take effect on Oct. 2 through April 15, 2000 -# and annually thereafter from the first Saturday in October through the -# third Saturday of April. Under the system approved by Privy Council on -# Sept. 10, clocks must be turned ahead one hour on the opening day and -# set back an hour on the closing date." -# Alas, no indication of the time of day. - -# From Rives McDow (1999-10-06): -# Tonga started its Daylight Saving on Saturday morning October 2nd at 0200am. -# Daylight Saving ends on April 16 at 0300am which is Sunday morning. - -# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-31): -# Back in March I found a notice on the website http://www.tongaonline.com -# that Tonga changed back to standard time one month early, on March 19 -# instead of the original reported date April 16. Unfortunately, the article -# is no longer available on the site, and I did not make a copy of the -# text, and I have forgotten to report it here. -# (Original URL was ) - -# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01): -# Tonga is observing DST as of 2000-11-04 and will stop on 2001-01-27. - -# From Sione Moala-Mafi (2001-09-20) via Rives McDow: -# At 2:00am on the first Sunday of November, the standard time in the Kingdom -# shall be moved forward by one hour to 3:00am. At 2:00am on the last Sunday -# of January the standard time in the Kingdom shall be moved backward by one -# hour to 1:00am. - -# From Pulu ʻAnau (2002-11-05): -# The law was for 3 years, supposedly to get renewed. It wasn't. - -# From Pulu ʻAnau (2016-10-27): -# http://mic.gov.to/news-today/press-releases/6375-daylight-saving-set-to-run-from-6-november-2016-to-15-january-2017 -# Cannot find anyone who knows the rules, has seen the duration or has seen -# the cabinet decision, but it appears we are following Fiji's rule set. -# -# From Tim Parenti (2016-10-26): -# Assume Tonga will observe DST from the first Sunday in November at 02:00 -# through the third Sunday in January at 03:00, like Fiji, for now. - -# From David Wade (2017-10-18): -# In August government was disolved by the King. The current prime minister -# continued in office in care taker mode. It is easy to see that few -# decisions will be made until elections 16th November. -# -# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-18): -# For now, guess that DST is discontinued. That's what the IATA is guessing. - - -# Wake - -# From Vernice Anderson, Personal Secretary to Philip Jessup, -# US Ambassador At Large (oral history interview, 1971-02-02): -# -# Saturday, the 14th [of October, 1950] - ... The time was all the -# more confusing at that point, because we had crossed the -# International Date Line, thus getting two Sundays. Furthermore, we -# discovered that Wake Island had two hours of daylight saving time -# making calculation of time in Washington difficult if not almost -# impossible. -# -# https://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/andrsonv.htm - -# From Paul Eggert (2003-03-23): -# We have no other report of DST in Wake Island, so omit this info for now. - -# See also the commentary for Micronesia. - - -############################################################################### - -# The International Date Line - -# From Gwillim Law (2000-01-03): -# -# The International Date Line is not defined by any international standard, -# convention, or treaty. Mapmakers are free to draw it as they please. -# Reputable mapmakers will simply ensure that every point of land appears on -# the correct side of the IDL, according to the date legally observed there. -# -# When Kiribati adopted a uniform date in 1995, thereby moving the Phoenix and -# Line Islands to the west side of the IDL (or, if you prefer, moving the IDL -# to the east side of the Phoenix and Line Islands), I suppose that most -# mapmakers redrew the IDL following the boundary of Kiribati. Even that line -# has a rather arbitrary nature. The straight-line boundaries between Pacific -# island nations that are shown on many maps are based on an international -# convention, but are not legally binding national borders.... The date is -# governed by the IDL; therefore, even on the high seas, there may be some -# places as late as fourteen hours later than UTC. And, since the IDL is not -# an international standard, there are some places on the high seas where the -# correct date is ambiguous. - -# From Wikipedia (2005-08-31): -# Before 1920, all ships kept local apparent time on the high seas by setting -# their clocks at night or at the morning sight so that, given the ship's -# speed and direction, it would be 12 o'clock when the Sun crossed the ship's -# meridian (12 o'clock = local apparent noon). During 1917, at the -# Anglo-French Conference on Time-keeping at Sea, it was recommended that all -# ships, both military and civilian, should adopt hourly standard time zones -# on the high seas. Whenever a ship was within the territorial waters of any -# nation it would use that nation's standard time. The captain was permitted -# to change his ship's clocks at a time of his choice following his ship's -# entry into another zone time - he often chose midnight. These zones were -# adopted by all major fleets between 1920 and 1925 but not by many -# independent merchant ships until World War II. - -# From Paul Eggert, using references suggested by Oscar van Vlijmen -# (2005-03-20): -# -# The American Practical Navigator (2002) -# http://pollux.nss.nima.mil/pubs/pubs_j_apn_sections.html?rid=187 -# talks only about the 180-degree meridian with respect to ships in -# international waters; it ignores the international date line.