1 /*
   2  * Copyright 2009-2010 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All Rights Reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Sun Microsystems, Inc., 4150 Network Circle, Santa Clara,
  20  * CA 95054 USA or visit www.sun.com if you need additional information or
  21  * have any questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "incls/_precompiled.incl"
  26 #include "incls/_stringopts.cpp.incl"
  27 
  28 #define __ kit.
  29 
  30 class StringConcat : public ResourceObj {
  31  private:
  32   PhaseStringOpts*    _stringopts;
  33   Node*               _string_alloc;
  34   AllocateNode*       _begin;          // The allocation the begins the pattern
  35   CallStaticJavaNode* _end;            // The final call of the pattern.  Will either be
  36                                        // SB.toString or or String.<init>(SB.toString)
  37   bool                _multiple;       // indicates this is a fusion of two or more
  38                                        // separate StringBuilders
  39 
  40   Node*               _arguments;      // The list of arguments to be concatenated
  41   GrowableArray<int>  _mode;           // into a String along with a mode flag
  42                                        // indicating how to treat the value.
  43 
  44   Node_List           _control;        // List of control nodes that will be deleted
  45   Node_List           _uncommon_traps; // Uncommon traps that needs to be rewritten
  46                                        // to restart at the initial JVMState.
  47  public:
  48   // Mode for converting arguments to Strings
  49   enum {
  50     StringMode,
  51     IntMode,
  52     CharMode
  53   };
  54 
  55   StringConcat(PhaseStringOpts* stringopts, CallStaticJavaNode* end):
  56     _end(end),
  57     _begin(NULL),
  58     _multiple(false),
  59     _string_alloc(NULL),
  60     _stringopts(stringopts) {
  61     _arguments = new (_stringopts->C, 1) Node(1);
  62     _arguments->del_req(0);
  63   }
  64 
  65   bool validate_control_flow();
  66 
  67   void merge_add() {
  68 #if 0
  69     // XXX This is place holder code for reusing an existing String
  70     // allocation but the logic for checking the state safety is
  71     // probably inadequate at the moment.
  72     CallProjections endprojs;
  73     sc->end()->extract_projections(&endprojs, false);
  74     if (endprojs.resproj != NULL) {
  75       for (SimpleDUIterator i(endprojs.resproj); i.has_next(); i.next()) {
  76         CallStaticJavaNode *use = i.get()->isa_CallStaticJava();
  77         if (use != NULL && use->method() != NULL &&
  78             use->method()->holder() == C->env()->String_klass() &&
  79             use->method()->name() == ciSymbol::object_initializer_name() &&
  80             use->in(TypeFunc::Parms + 1) == endprojs.resproj) {
  81           // Found useless new String(sb.toString()) so reuse the newly allocated String
  82           // when creating the result instead of allocating a new one.
  83           sc->set_string_alloc(use->in(TypeFunc::Parms));
  84           sc->set_end(use);
  85         }
  86       }
  87     }
  88 #endif
  89   }
  90 
  91   StringConcat* merge(StringConcat* other, Node* arg);
  92 
  93   void set_allocation(AllocateNode* alloc) {
  94     _begin = alloc;
  95   }
  96 
  97   void append(Node* value, int mode) {
  98     _arguments->add_req(value);
  99     _mode.append(mode);
 100   }
 101   void push(Node* value, int mode) {
 102     _arguments->ins_req(0, value);
 103     _mode.insert_before(0, mode);
 104   }
 105   void push_string(Node* value) {
 106     push(value, StringMode);
 107   }
 108   void push_int(Node* value) {
 109     push(value, IntMode);
 110   }
 111   void push_char(Node* value) {
 112     push(value, CharMode);
 113   }
 114 
 115   Node* argument(int i) {
 116     return _arguments->in(i);
 117   }
 118   void set_argument(int i, Node* value) {
 119     _arguments->set_req(i, value);
 120   }
 121   int num_arguments() {
 122     return _mode.length();
 123   }
 124   int mode(int i) {
 125     return _mode.at(i);
 126   }
 127   void add_control(Node* ctrl) {
 128     assert(!_control.contains(ctrl), "only push once");
 129     _control.push(ctrl);
 130   }
 131   CallStaticJavaNode* end() { return _end; }
 132   AllocateNode* begin() { return _begin; }
 133   Node* string_alloc() { return _string_alloc; }
 134 
 135   void eliminate_unneeded_control();
 136   void eliminate_initialize(InitializeNode* init);
 137   void eliminate_call(CallNode* call);
 138 
 139   void maybe_log_transform() {
 140     CompileLog* log = _stringopts->C->log();
 141     if (log != NULL) {
 142       log->head("replace_string_concat arguments='%d' string_alloc='%d' multiple='%d'",
 143                 num_arguments(),
 144                 _string_alloc != NULL,
 145                 _multiple);
 146       JVMState* p = _begin->jvms();
 147       while (p != NULL) {
 148         log->elem("jvms bci='%d' method='%d'", p->bci(), log->identify(p->method()));
 149         p = p->caller();
 150       }
 151       log->tail("replace_string_concat");
 152     }
 153   }
 154 
 155   void convert_uncommon_traps(GraphKit& kit, const JVMState* jvms) {
 156     for (uint u = 0; u < _uncommon_traps.size(); u++) {
 157       Node* uct = _uncommon_traps.at(u);
 158 
 159       // Build a new call using the jvms state of the allocate
 160       address call_addr = SharedRuntime::uncommon_trap_blob()->instructions_begin();
 161       const TypeFunc* call_type = OptoRuntime::uncommon_trap_Type();
 162       int size = call_type->domain()->cnt();
 163       const TypePtr* no_memory_effects = NULL;
 164       Compile* C = _stringopts->C;
 165       CallStaticJavaNode* call = new (C, size) CallStaticJavaNode(call_type, call_addr, "uncommon_trap",
 166                                                                   jvms->bci(), no_memory_effects);
 167       for (int e = 0; e < TypeFunc::Parms; e++) {
 168         call->init_req(e, uct->in(e));
 169       }
 170       // Set the trap request to record intrinsic failure if this trap
 171       // is taken too many times.  Ideally we would handle then traps by
 172       // doing the original bookkeeping in the MDO so that if it caused
 173       // the code to be thrown out we could still recompile and use the
 174       // optimization.  Failing the uncommon traps doesn't really mean
 175       // that the optimization is a bad idea but there's no other way to
 176       // do the MDO updates currently.
 177       int trap_request = Deoptimization::make_trap_request(Deoptimization::Reason_intrinsic,
 178                                                            Deoptimization::Action_make_not_entrant);
 179       call->init_req(TypeFunc::Parms, __ intcon(trap_request));
 180       kit.add_safepoint_edges(call);
 181 
 182       _stringopts->gvn()->transform(call);
 183       C->gvn_replace_by(uct, call);
 184       uct->disconnect_inputs(NULL);
 185     }
 186   }
 187 
 188   void cleanup() {
 189     // disconnect the hook node
 190     _arguments->disconnect_inputs(NULL);
 191   }
 192 };
 193 
 194 
 195 void StringConcat::eliminate_unneeded_control() {
 196   eliminate_initialize(begin()->initialization());
 197   for (uint i = 0; i < _control.size(); i++) {
 198     Node* n = _control.at(i);
 199     if (n->is_Call()) {
 200       if (n != _end) {
 201         eliminate_call(n->as_Call());
 202       }
 203     } else if (n->is_IfTrue()) {
 204       Compile* C = _stringopts->C;
 205       C->gvn_replace_by(n, n->in(0)->in(0));
 206       C->gvn_replace_by(n->in(0), C->top());
 207     }
 208   }
 209 }
 210 
 211 
 212 StringConcat* StringConcat::merge(StringConcat* other, Node* arg) {
 213   StringConcat* result = new StringConcat(_stringopts, _end);
 214   for (uint x = 0; x < _control.size(); x++) {
 215     Node* n = _control.at(x);
 216     if (n->is_Call()) {
 217       result->_control.push(n);
 218     }
 219   }
 220   for (uint x = 0; x < other->_control.size(); x++) {
 221     Node* n = other->_control.at(x);
 222     if (n->is_Call()) {
 223       result->_control.push(n);
 224     }
 225   }
 226   assert(result->_control.contains(other->_end), "what?");
 227   assert(result->_control.contains(_begin), "what?");
 228   for (int x = 0; x < num_arguments(); x++) {
 229     if (argument(x) == arg) {
 230       // replace the toString result with the all the arguments that
 231       // made up the other StringConcat
 232       for (int y = 0; y < other->num_arguments(); y++) {
 233         result->append(other->argument(y), other->mode(y));
 234       }
 235     } else {
 236       result->append(argument(x), mode(x));
 237     }
 238   }
 239   result->set_allocation(other->_begin);
 240   result->_multiple = true;
 241   return result;
 242 }
 243 
 244 
 245 void StringConcat::eliminate_call(CallNode* call) {
 246   Compile* C = _stringopts->C;
 247   CallProjections projs;
 248   call->extract_projections(&projs, false);
 249   if (projs.fallthrough_catchproj != NULL) {
 250     C->gvn_replace_by(projs.fallthrough_catchproj, call->in(TypeFunc::Control));
 251   }
 252   if (projs.fallthrough_memproj != NULL) {
 253     C->gvn_replace_by(projs.fallthrough_memproj, call->in(TypeFunc::Memory));
 254   }
 255   if (projs.catchall_memproj != NULL) {
 256     C->gvn_replace_by(projs.catchall_memproj, C->top());
 257   }
 258   if (projs.fallthrough_ioproj != NULL) {
 259     C->gvn_replace_by(projs.fallthrough_ioproj, call->in(TypeFunc::I_O));
 260   }
 261   if (projs.catchall_ioproj != NULL) {
 262     C->gvn_replace_by(projs.catchall_ioproj, C->top());
 263   }
 264   if (projs.catchall_catchproj != NULL) {
 265     // EA can't cope with the partially collapsed graph this
 266     // creates so put it on the worklist to be collapsed later.
 267     for (SimpleDUIterator i(projs.catchall_catchproj); i.has_next(); i.next()) {
 268       Node *use = i.get();
 269       int opc = use->Opcode();
 270       if (opc == Op_CreateEx || opc == Op_Region) {
 271         _stringopts->record_dead_node(use);
 272       }
 273     }
 274     C->gvn_replace_by(projs.catchall_catchproj, C->top());
 275   }
 276   if (projs.resproj != NULL) {
 277     C->gvn_replace_by(projs.resproj, C->top());
 278   }
 279   C->gvn_replace_by(call, C->top());
 280 }
 281 
 282 void StringConcat::eliminate_initialize(InitializeNode* init) {
 283   Compile* C = _stringopts->C;
 284 
 285   // Eliminate Initialize node.
 286   assert(init->outcnt() <= 2, "only a control and memory projection expected");
 287   assert(init->req() <= InitializeNode::RawStores, "no pending inits");
 288   Node *ctrl_proj = init->proj_out(TypeFunc::Control);
 289   if (ctrl_proj != NULL) {
 290     C->gvn_replace_by(ctrl_proj, init->in(TypeFunc::Control));
 291   }
 292   Node *mem_proj = init->proj_out(TypeFunc::Memory);
 293   if (mem_proj != NULL) {
 294     Node *mem = init->in(TypeFunc::Memory);
 295     C->gvn_replace_by(mem_proj, mem);
 296   }
 297   C->gvn_replace_by(init, C->top());
 298   init->disconnect_inputs(NULL);
 299 }
 300 
 301 Node_List PhaseStringOpts::collect_toString_calls() {
 302   Node_List string_calls;
 303   Node_List worklist;
 304 
 305   _visited.Clear();
 306 
 307   // Prime the worklist
 308   for (uint i = 1; i < C->root()->len(); i++) {
 309     Node* n = C->root()->in(i);
 310     if (n != NULL && !_visited.test_set(n->_idx)) {
 311       worklist.push(n);
 312     }
 313   }
 314 
 315   while (worklist.size() > 0) {
 316     Node* ctrl = worklist.pop();
 317     if (ctrl->is_CallStaticJava()) {
 318       CallStaticJavaNode* csj = ctrl->as_CallStaticJava();
 319       ciMethod* m = csj->method();
 320       if (m != NULL &&
 321           (m->intrinsic_id() == vmIntrinsics::_StringBuffer_toString ||
 322            m->intrinsic_id() == vmIntrinsics::_StringBuilder_toString)) {
 323         string_calls.push(csj);
 324       }
 325     }
 326     if (ctrl->in(0) != NULL && !_visited.test_set(ctrl->in(0)->_idx)) {
 327       worklist.push(ctrl->in(0));
 328     }
 329     if (ctrl->is_Region()) {
 330       for (uint i = 1; i < ctrl->len(); i++) {
 331         if (ctrl->in(i) != NULL && !_visited.test_set(ctrl->in(i)->_idx)) {
 332           worklist.push(ctrl->in(i));
 333         }
 334       }
 335     }
 336   }
 337   return string_calls;
 338 }
 339 
 340 
 341 StringConcat* PhaseStringOpts::build_candidate(CallStaticJavaNode* call) {
 342   ciMethod* m = call->method();
 343   ciSymbol* string_sig;
 344   ciSymbol* int_sig;
 345   ciSymbol* char_sig;
 346   if (m->holder() == C->env()->StringBuilder_klass()) {
 347     string_sig = ciSymbol::String_StringBuilder_signature();
 348     int_sig = ciSymbol::int_StringBuilder_signature();
 349     char_sig = ciSymbol::char_StringBuilder_signature();
 350   } else if (m->holder() == C->env()->StringBuffer_klass()) {
 351     string_sig = ciSymbol::String_StringBuffer_signature();
 352     int_sig = ciSymbol::int_StringBuffer_signature();
 353     char_sig = ciSymbol::char_StringBuffer_signature();
 354   } else {
 355     return NULL;
 356   }
 357 #ifndef PRODUCT
 358   if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
 359     tty->print("considering toString call in ");
 360     call->jvms()->dump_spec(tty); tty->cr();
 361   }
 362 #endif
 363 
 364   StringConcat* sc = new StringConcat(this, call);
 365 
 366   AllocateNode* alloc = NULL;
 367   InitializeNode* init = NULL;
 368 
 369   // possible opportunity for StringBuilder fusion
 370   CallStaticJavaNode* cnode = call;
 371   while (cnode) {
 372     Node* recv = cnode->in(TypeFunc::Parms)->uncast();
 373     if (recv->is_Proj()) {
 374       recv = recv->in(0);
 375     }
 376     cnode = recv->isa_CallStaticJava();
 377     if (cnode == NULL) {
 378       alloc = recv->isa_Allocate();
 379       if (alloc == NULL) {
 380         break;
 381       }
 382       // Find the constructor call
 383       Node* result = alloc->result_cast();
 384       if (result == NULL || !result->is_CheckCastPP()) {
 385         // strange looking allocation
 386 #ifndef PRODUCT
 387         if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
 388           tty->print("giving up because allocation looks strange ");
 389           alloc->jvms()->dump_spec(tty); tty->cr();
 390         }
 391 #endif
 392         break;
 393       }
 394       Node* constructor = NULL;
 395       for (SimpleDUIterator i(result); i.has_next(); i.next()) {
 396         CallStaticJavaNode *use = i.get()->isa_CallStaticJava();
 397         if (use != NULL && use->method() != NULL &&
 398             use->method()->name() == ciSymbol::object_initializer_name() &&
 399             use->method()->holder() == m->holder()) {
 400           // Matched the constructor.
 401           ciSymbol* sig = use->method()->signature()->as_symbol();
 402           if (sig == ciSymbol::void_method_signature() ||
 403               sig == ciSymbol::int_void_signature() ||
 404               sig == ciSymbol::string_void_signature()) {
 405             if (sig == ciSymbol::string_void_signature()) {
 406               // StringBuilder(String) so pick this up as the first argument
 407               assert(use->in(TypeFunc::Parms + 1) != NULL, "what?");
 408               sc->push_string(use->in(TypeFunc::Parms + 1));
 409             }
 410             // The int variant takes an initial size for the backing
 411             // array so just treat it like the void version.
 412             constructor = use;
 413           } else {
 414 #ifndef PRODUCT
 415             if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
 416               tty->print("unexpected constructor signature: %s", sig->as_utf8());
 417             }
 418 #endif
 419           }
 420           break;
 421         }
 422       }
 423       if (constructor == NULL) {
 424         // couldn't find constructor
 425 #ifndef PRODUCT
 426         if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
 427           tty->print("giving up because couldn't find constructor ");
 428           alloc->jvms()->dump_spec(tty);
 429         }
 430 #endif
 431         break;
 432       }
 433 
 434       // Walked all the way back and found the constructor call so see
 435       // if this call converted into a direct string concatenation.
 436       sc->add_control(call);
 437       sc->add_control(constructor);
 438       sc->add_control(alloc);
 439       sc->set_allocation(alloc);
 440       if (sc->validate_control_flow()) {
 441         return sc;
 442       } else {
 443         return NULL;
 444       }
 445     } else if (cnode->method() == NULL) {
 446       break;
 447     } else if (cnode->method()->holder() == m->holder() &&
 448                cnode->method()->name() == ciSymbol::append_name() &&
 449                (cnode->method()->signature()->as_symbol() == string_sig ||
 450                 cnode->method()->signature()->as_symbol() == char_sig ||
 451                 cnode->method()->signature()->as_symbol() == int_sig)) {
 452       sc->add_control(cnode);
 453       Node* arg = cnode->in(TypeFunc::Parms + 1);
 454       if (cnode->method()->signature()->as_symbol() == int_sig) {
 455         sc->push_int(arg);
 456       } else if (cnode->method()->signature()->as_symbol() == char_sig) {
 457         sc->push_char(arg);
 458       } else {
 459         if (arg->is_Proj() && arg->in(0)->is_CallStaticJava()) {
 460           CallStaticJavaNode* csj = arg->in(0)->as_CallStaticJava();
 461           if (csj->method() != NULL &&
 462               csj->method()->holder() == C->env()->Integer_klass() &&
 463               csj->method()->name() == ciSymbol::toString_name()) {
 464             sc->add_control(csj);
 465             sc->push_int(csj->in(TypeFunc::Parms));
 466             continue;
 467           }
 468         }
 469         sc->push_string(arg);
 470       }
 471       continue;
 472     } else {
 473       // some unhandled signature
 474 #ifndef PRODUCT
 475       if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
 476         tty->print("giving up because encountered unexpected signature ");
 477         cnode->tf()->dump(); tty->cr();
 478         cnode->in(TypeFunc::Parms + 1)->dump();
 479       }
 480 #endif
 481       break;
 482     }
 483   }
 484   return NULL;
 485 }
 486 
 487 
 488 PhaseStringOpts::PhaseStringOpts(PhaseGVN* gvn, Unique_Node_List*):
 489   Phase(StringOpts),
 490   _gvn(gvn),
 491   _visited(Thread::current()->resource_area()) {
 492 
 493   assert(OptimizeStringConcat, "shouldn't be here");
 494 
 495   size_table_field = C->env()->Integer_klass()->get_field_by_name(ciSymbol::make("sizeTable"),
 496                                                                   ciSymbol::make("[I"), true);
 497   if (size_table_field == NULL) {
 498     // Something wrong so give up.
 499     assert(false, "why can't we find Integer.sizeTable?");
 500     return;
 501   }
 502 
 503   // Collect the types needed to talk about the various slices of memory
 504   const TypeInstPtr* string_type = TypeInstPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull, C->env()->String_klass(),
 505                                                      false, NULL, 0);
 506 
 507   const TypePtr* value_field_type = string_type->add_offset(java_lang_String::value_offset_in_bytes());
 508   const TypePtr* offset_field_type = string_type->add_offset(java_lang_String::offset_offset_in_bytes());
 509   const TypePtr* count_field_type = string_type->add_offset(java_lang_String::count_offset_in_bytes());
 510 
 511   value_field_idx = C->get_alias_index(value_field_type);
 512   count_field_idx = C->get_alias_index(count_field_type);
 513   offset_field_idx = C->get_alias_index(offset_field_type);
 514   char_adr_idx = C->get_alias_index(TypeAryPtr::CHARS);
 515 
 516   // For each locally allocated StringBuffer see if the usages can be
 517   // collapsed into a single String construction.
 518 
 519   // Run through the list of allocation looking for SB.toString to see
 520   // if it's possible to fuse the usage of the SB into a single String
 521   // construction.
 522   GrowableArray<StringConcat*> concats;
 523   Node_List toStrings = collect_toString_calls();
 524   while (toStrings.size() > 0) {
 525     StringConcat* sc = build_candidate(toStrings.pop()->as_CallStaticJava());
 526     if (sc != NULL) {
 527       concats.push(sc);
 528     }
 529   }
 530 
 531   // try to coalesce separate concats
 532  restart:
 533   for (int c = 0; c < concats.length(); c++) {
 534     StringConcat* sc = concats.at(c);
 535     for (int i = 0; i < sc->num_arguments(); i++) {
 536       Node* arg = sc->argument(i);
 537       if (arg->is_Proj() && arg->in(0)->is_CallStaticJava()) {
 538         CallStaticJavaNode* csj = arg->in(0)->as_CallStaticJava();
 539         if (csj->method() != NULL &&
 540             (csj->method()->holder() == C->env()->StringBuffer_klass() ||
 541              csj->method()->holder() == C->env()->StringBuilder_klass()) &&
 542             csj->method()->name() == ciSymbol::toString_name()) {
 543           for (int o = 0; o < concats.length(); o++) {
 544             if (c == o) continue;
 545             StringConcat* other = concats.at(o);
 546             if (other->end() == csj) {
 547 #ifndef PRODUCT
 548               if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
 549                 tty->print_cr("considering stacked concats");
 550               }
 551 #endif
 552 
 553               StringConcat* merged = sc->merge(other, arg);
 554               if (merged->validate_control_flow()) {
 555 #ifndef PRODUCT
 556                 if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
 557                   tty->print_cr("stacking would succeed");
 558                 }
 559 #endif
 560                 if (c < o) {
 561                   concats.remove_at(o);
 562                   concats.at_put(c, merged);
 563                 } else {
 564                   concats.remove_at(c);
 565                   concats.at_put(o, merged);
 566                 }
 567                 goto restart;
 568               } else {
 569 #ifndef PRODUCT
 570                 if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
 571                   tty->print_cr("stacking would fail");
 572                 }
 573 #endif
 574               }
 575             }
 576           }
 577         }
 578       }
 579     }
 580   }
 581 
 582 
 583   for (int c = 0; c < concats.length(); c++) {
 584     StringConcat* sc = concats.at(c);
 585     replace_string_concat(sc);
 586   }
 587 
 588   remove_dead_nodes();
 589 }
 590 
 591 void PhaseStringOpts::record_dead_node(Node* dead) {
 592   dead_worklist.push(dead);
 593 }
 594 
 595 void PhaseStringOpts::remove_dead_nodes() {
 596   // Delete any dead nodes to make things clean enough that escape
 597   // analysis doesn't get unhappy.
 598   while (dead_worklist.size() > 0) {
 599     Node* use = dead_worklist.pop();
 600     int opc = use->Opcode();
 601     switch (opc) {
 602       case Op_Region: {
 603         uint i = 1;
 604         for (i = 1; i < use->req(); i++) {
 605           if (use->in(i) != C->top()) {
 606             break;
 607           }
 608         }
 609         if (i >= use->req()) {
 610           for (SimpleDUIterator i(use); i.has_next(); i.next()) {
 611             Node* m = i.get();
 612             if (m->is_Phi()) {
 613               dead_worklist.push(m);
 614             }
 615           }
 616           C->gvn_replace_by(use, C->top());
 617         }
 618         break;
 619       }
 620       case Op_AddP:
 621       case Op_CreateEx: {
 622         // Recurisvely clean up references to CreateEx so EA doesn't
 623         // get unhappy about the partially collapsed graph.
 624         for (SimpleDUIterator i(use); i.has_next(); i.next()) {
 625           Node* m = i.get();
 626           if (m->is_AddP()) {
 627             dead_worklist.push(m);
 628           }
 629         }
 630         C->gvn_replace_by(use, C->top());
 631         break;
 632       }
 633       case Op_Phi:
 634         if (use->in(0) == C->top()) {
 635           C->gvn_replace_by(use, C->top());
 636         }
 637         break;
 638     }
 639   }
 640 }
 641 
 642 
 643 bool StringConcat::validate_control_flow() {
 644   // We found all the calls and arguments now lets see if it's
 645   // safe to transform the graph as we would expect.
 646 
 647   // Check to see if this resulted in too many uncommon traps previously
 648   if (Compile::current()->too_many_traps(_begin->jvms()->method(), _begin->jvms()->bci(),
 649                         Deoptimization::Reason_intrinsic)) {
 650     return false;
 651   }
 652 
 653   // Walk backwards over the control flow from toString to the
 654   // allocation and make sure all the control flow is ok.  This
 655   // means it's either going to be eliminated once the calls are
 656   // removed or it can safely be transformed into an uncommon
 657   // trap.
 658 
 659   int null_check_count = 0;
 660   Unique_Node_List ctrl_path;
 661 
 662   assert(_control.contains(_begin), "missing");
 663   assert(_control.contains(_end), "missing");
 664 
 665   // Collect the nodes that we know about and will eliminate into ctrl_path
 666   for (uint i = 0; i < _control.size(); i++) {
 667     // Push the call and it's control projection
 668     Node* n = _control.at(i);
 669     if (n->is_Allocate()) {
 670       AllocateNode* an = n->as_Allocate();
 671       InitializeNode* init = an->initialization();
 672       ctrl_path.push(init);
 673       ctrl_path.push(init->as_Multi()->proj_out(0));
 674     }
 675     if (n->is_Call()) {
 676       CallNode* cn = n->as_Call();
 677       ctrl_path.push(cn);
 678       ctrl_path.push(cn->proj_out(0));
 679       ctrl_path.push(cn->proj_out(0)->unique_out());
 680       ctrl_path.push(cn->proj_out(0)->unique_out()->as_Catch()->proj_out(0));
 681     } else {
 682       ShouldNotReachHere();
 683     }
 684   }
 685 
 686   // Skip backwards through the control checking for unexpected contro flow
 687   Node* ptr = _end;
 688   bool fail = false;
 689   while (ptr != _begin) {
 690     if (ptr->is_Call() && ctrl_path.member(ptr)) {
 691       ptr = ptr->in(0);
 692     } else if (ptr->is_CatchProj() && ctrl_path.member(ptr)) {
 693       ptr = ptr->in(0)->in(0)->in(0);
 694       assert(ctrl_path.member(ptr), "should be a known piece of control");
 695     } else if (ptr->is_IfTrue()) {
 696       IfNode* iff = ptr->in(0)->as_If();
 697       BoolNode* b = iff->in(1)->isa_Bool();
 698       Node* cmp = b->in(1);
 699       Node* v1 = cmp->in(1);
 700       Node* v2 = cmp->in(2);
 701       Node* otherproj = iff->proj_out(1 - ptr->as_Proj()->_con);
 702 
 703       // Null check of the return of append which can simply be eliminated
 704       if (b->_test._test == BoolTest::ne &&
 705           v2->bottom_type() == TypePtr::NULL_PTR &&
 706           v1->is_Proj() && ctrl_path.member(v1->in(0))) {
 707         // NULL check of the return value of the append
 708         null_check_count++;
 709         if (otherproj->outcnt() == 1) {
 710           CallStaticJavaNode* call = otherproj->unique_out()->isa_CallStaticJava();
 711           if (call != NULL && call->_name != NULL && strcmp(call->_name, "uncommon_trap") == 0) {
 712             ctrl_path.push(call);
 713           }
 714         }
 715         _control.push(ptr);
 716         ptr = ptr->in(0)->in(0);
 717         continue;
 718       }
 719 
 720       // A test which leads to an uncommon trap which should be safe.
 721       // Later this trap will be converted into a trap that restarts
 722       // at the beginning.
 723       if (otherproj->outcnt() == 1) {
 724         CallStaticJavaNode* call = otherproj->unique_out()->isa_CallStaticJava();
 725         if (call != NULL && call->_name != NULL && strcmp(call->_name, "uncommon_trap") == 0) {
 726           // control flow leads to uct so should be ok
 727           _uncommon_traps.push(call);
 728           ctrl_path.push(call);
 729           ptr = ptr->in(0)->in(0);
 730           continue;
 731         }
 732       }
 733 
 734 #ifndef PRODUCT
 735       // Some unexpected control flow we don't know how to handle.
 736       if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
 737         tty->print_cr("failing with unknown test");
 738         b->dump();
 739         cmp->dump();
 740         v1->dump();
 741         v2->dump();
 742         tty->cr();
 743       }
 744 #endif
 745       break;
 746     } else if (ptr->is_Proj() && ptr->in(0)->is_Initialize()) {
 747       ptr = ptr->in(0)->in(0);
 748     } else if (ptr->is_Region()) {
 749       Node* copy = ptr->as_Region()->is_copy();
 750       if (copy != NULL) {
 751         ptr = copy;
 752         continue;
 753       }
 754       if (ptr->req() == 3 &&
 755           ptr->in(1) != NULL && ptr->in(1)->is_Proj() &&
 756           ptr->in(2) != NULL && ptr->in(2)->is_Proj() &&
 757           ptr->in(1)->in(0) == ptr->in(2)->in(0) &&
 758           ptr->in(1)->in(0) != NULL && ptr->in(1)->in(0)->is_If()) {
 759         // Simple diamond.
 760         // XXX should check for possibly merging stores.  simple data merges are ok.
 761         ptr = ptr->in(1)->in(0)->in(0);
 762         continue;
 763       }
 764 #ifndef PRODUCT
 765       if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
 766         tty->print_cr("fusion would fail for region");
 767         _begin->dump();
 768         ptr->dump(2);
 769       }
 770 #endif
 771       fail = true;
 772       break;
 773     } else {
 774       // other unknown control
 775       if (!fail) {
 776 #ifndef PRODUCT
 777         if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
 778           tty->print_cr("fusion would fail for");
 779           _begin->dump();
 780         }
 781 #endif
 782         fail = true;
 783       }
 784 #ifndef PRODUCT
 785       if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
 786         ptr->dump();
 787       }
 788 #endif
 789       ptr = ptr->in(0);
 790     }
 791   }
 792 #ifndef PRODUCT
 793   if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat && fail) {
 794     tty->cr();
 795   }
 796 #endif
 797   if (fail) return !fail;
 798 
 799   // Validate that all these results produced are contained within
 800   // this cluster of objects.  First collect all the results produced
 801   // by calls in the region.
 802   _stringopts->_visited.Clear();
 803   Node_List worklist;
 804   Node* final_result = _end->proj_out(TypeFunc::Parms);
 805   for (uint i = 0; i < _control.size(); i++) {
 806     CallNode* cnode = _control.at(i)->isa_Call();
 807     if (cnode != NULL) {
 808       _stringopts->_visited.test_set(cnode->_idx);
 809     }
 810     Node* result = cnode != NULL ? cnode->proj_out(TypeFunc::Parms) : NULL;
 811     if (result != NULL && result != final_result) {
 812       worklist.push(result);
 813     }
 814   }
 815 
 816   Node* last_result = NULL;
 817   while (worklist.size() > 0) {
 818     Node* result = worklist.pop();
 819     if (_stringopts->_visited.test_set(result->_idx))
 820       continue;
 821     for (SimpleDUIterator i(result); i.has_next(); i.next()) {
 822       Node *use = i.get();
 823       if (ctrl_path.member(use)) {
 824         // already checked this
 825         continue;
 826       }
 827       int opc = use->Opcode();
 828       if (opc == Op_CmpP || opc == Op_Node) {
 829         ctrl_path.push(use);
 830         continue;
 831       }
 832       if (opc == Op_CastPP || opc == Op_CheckCastPP) {
 833         for (SimpleDUIterator j(use); j.has_next(); j.next()) {
 834           worklist.push(j.get());
 835         }
 836         worklist.push(use->in(1));
 837         ctrl_path.push(use);
 838         continue;
 839       }
 840 #ifndef PRODUCT
 841       if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat) {
 842         if (result != last_result) {
 843           last_result = result;
 844           tty->print_cr("extra uses for result:");
 845           last_result->dump();
 846         }
 847         use->dump();
 848       }
 849 #endif
 850       fail = true;
 851       break;
 852     }
 853   }
 854 
 855 #ifndef PRODUCT
 856   if (PrintOptimizeStringConcat && !fail) {
 857     ttyLocker ttyl;
 858     tty->cr();
 859     tty->print("fusion would succeed (%d %d) for ", null_check_count, _uncommon_traps.size());
 860     _begin->jvms()->dump_spec(tty); tty->cr();
 861     for (int i = 0; i < num_arguments(); i++) {
 862       argument(i)->dump();
 863     }
 864     _control.dump();
 865     tty->cr();
 866   }
 867 #endif
 868 
 869   return !fail;
 870 }
 871 
 872 Node* PhaseStringOpts::fetch_static_field(GraphKit& kit, ciField* field) {
 873   const TypeKlassPtr* klass_type = TypeKlassPtr::make(field->holder());
 874   Node* klass_node = __ makecon(klass_type);
 875   BasicType bt = field->layout_type();
 876   ciType* field_klass = field->type();
 877 
 878   const Type *type;
 879   if( bt == T_OBJECT ) {
 880     if (!field->type()->is_loaded()) {
 881       type = TypeInstPtr::BOTTOM;
 882     } else if (field->is_constant()) {
 883       // This can happen if the constant oop is non-perm.
 884       ciObject* con = field->constant_value().as_object();
 885       // Do not "join" in the previous type; it doesn't add value,
 886       // and may yield a vacuous result if the field is of interface type.
 887       type = TypeOopPtr::make_from_constant(con)->isa_oopptr();
 888       assert(type != NULL, "field singleton type must be consistent");
 889     } else {
 890       type = TypeOopPtr::make_from_klass(field_klass->as_klass());
 891     }
 892   } else {
 893     type = Type::get_const_basic_type(bt);
 894   }
 895 
 896   return kit.make_load(NULL, kit.basic_plus_adr(klass_node, field->offset_in_bytes()),
 897                        type, T_OBJECT,
 898                        C->get_alias_index(klass_type->add_offset(field->offset_in_bytes())));
 899 }
 900 
 901 Node* PhaseStringOpts::int_stringSize(GraphKit& kit, Node* arg) {
 902   RegionNode *final_merge = new (C, 3) RegionNode(3);
 903   kit.gvn().set_type(final_merge, Type::CONTROL);
 904   Node* final_size = new (C, 3) PhiNode(final_merge, TypeInt::INT);
 905   kit.gvn().set_type(final_size, TypeInt::INT);
 906 
 907   IfNode* iff = kit.create_and_map_if(kit.control(),
 908                                       __ Bool(__ CmpI(arg, __ intcon(0x80000000)), BoolTest::ne),
 909                                       PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
 910   Node* is_min = __ IfFalse(iff);
 911   final_merge->init_req(1, is_min);
 912   final_size->init_req(1, __ intcon(11));
 913 
 914   kit.set_control(__ IfTrue(iff));
 915   if (kit.stopped()) {
 916     final_merge->init_req(2, C->top());
 917     final_size->init_req(2, C->top());
 918   } else {
 919 
 920     // int size = (i < 0) ? stringSize(-i) + 1 : stringSize(i);
 921     RegionNode *r = new (C, 3) RegionNode(3);
 922     kit.gvn().set_type(r, Type::CONTROL);
 923     Node *phi = new (C, 3) PhiNode(r, TypeInt::INT);
 924     kit.gvn().set_type(phi, TypeInt::INT);
 925     Node *size = new (C, 3) PhiNode(r, TypeInt::INT);
 926     kit.gvn().set_type(size, TypeInt::INT);
 927     Node* chk = __ CmpI(arg, __ intcon(0));
 928     Node* p = __ Bool(chk, BoolTest::lt);
 929     IfNode* iff = kit.create_and_map_if(kit.control(), p, PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
 930     Node* lessthan = __ IfTrue(iff);
 931     Node* greaterequal = __ IfFalse(iff);
 932     r->init_req(1, lessthan);
 933     phi->init_req(1, __ SubI(__ intcon(0), arg));
 934     size->init_req(1, __ intcon(1));
 935     r->init_req(2, greaterequal);
 936     phi->init_req(2, arg);
 937     size->init_req(2, __ intcon(0));
 938     kit.set_control(r);
 939     C->record_for_igvn(r);
 940     C->record_for_igvn(phi);
 941     C->record_for_igvn(size);
 942 
 943     // for (int i=0; ; i++)
 944     //   if (x <= sizeTable[i])
 945     //     return i+1;
 946     RegionNode *loop = new (C, 3) RegionNode(3);
 947     loop->init_req(1, kit.control());
 948     kit.gvn().set_type(loop, Type::CONTROL);
 949 
 950     Node *index = new (C, 3) PhiNode(loop, TypeInt::INT);
 951     index->init_req(1, __ intcon(0));
 952     kit.gvn().set_type(index, TypeInt::INT);
 953     kit.set_control(loop);
 954     Node* sizeTable = fetch_static_field(kit, size_table_field);
 955 
 956     Node* value = kit.load_array_element(NULL, sizeTable, index, TypeAryPtr::INTS);
 957     C->record_for_igvn(value);
 958     Node* limit = __ CmpI(phi, value);
 959     Node* limitb = __ Bool(limit, BoolTest::le);
 960     IfNode* iff2 = kit.create_and_map_if(kit.control(), limitb, PROB_MIN, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
 961     Node* lessEqual = __ IfTrue(iff2);
 962     Node* greater = __ IfFalse(iff2);
 963 
 964     loop->init_req(2, greater);
 965     index->init_req(2, __ AddI(index, __ intcon(1)));
 966 
 967     kit.set_control(lessEqual);
 968     C->record_for_igvn(loop);
 969     C->record_for_igvn(index);
 970 
 971     final_merge->init_req(2, kit.control());
 972     final_size->init_req(2, __ AddI(__ AddI(index, size), __ intcon(1)));
 973   }
 974 
 975   kit.set_control(final_merge);
 976   C->record_for_igvn(final_merge);
 977   C->record_for_igvn(final_size);
 978 
 979   return final_size;
 980 }
 981 
 982 void PhaseStringOpts::int_getChars(GraphKit& kit, Node* arg, Node* char_array, Node* start, Node* end) {
 983   RegionNode *final_merge = new (C, 4) RegionNode(4);
 984   kit.gvn().set_type(final_merge, Type::CONTROL);
 985   Node *final_mem = PhiNode::make(final_merge, kit.memory(char_adr_idx), Type::MEMORY, TypeAryPtr::CHARS);
 986   kit.gvn().set_type(final_mem, Type::MEMORY);
 987 
 988   // need to handle Integer.MIN_VALUE specially because negating doesn't make it positive
 989   {
 990     // i == MIN_VALUE
 991     IfNode* iff = kit.create_and_map_if(kit.control(),
 992                                         __ Bool(__ CmpI(arg, __ intcon(0x80000000)), BoolTest::ne),
 993                                         PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
 994 
 995     Node* old_mem = kit.memory(char_adr_idx);
 996 
 997     kit.set_control(__ IfFalse(iff));
 998     if (kit.stopped()) {
 999       // Statically not equal to MIN_VALUE so this path is dead
1000       final_merge->init_req(3, kit.control());
1001     } else {
1002       copy_string(kit, __ makecon(TypeInstPtr::make(C->env()->the_min_jint_string())),
1003                   char_array, start);
1004       final_merge->init_req(3, kit.control());
1005       final_mem->init_req(3, kit.memory(char_adr_idx));
1006     }
1007 
1008     kit.set_control(__ IfTrue(iff));
1009     kit.set_memory(old_mem, char_adr_idx);
1010   }
1011 
1012 
1013   // Simplified version of Integer.getChars
1014 
1015   // int q, r;
1016   // int charPos = index;
1017   Node* charPos = end;
1018 
1019   // char sign = 0;
1020 
1021   Node* i = arg;
1022   Node* sign = __ intcon(0);
1023 
1024   // if (i < 0) {
1025   //     sign = '-';
1026   //     i = -i;
1027   // }
1028   {
1029     IfNode* iff = kit.create_and_map_if(kit.control(),
1030                                         __ Bool(__ CmpI(arg, __ intcon(0)), BoolTest::lt),
1031                                         PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
1032 
1033     RegionNode *merge = new (C, 3) RegionNode(3);
1034     kit.gvn().set_type(merge, Type::CONTROL);
1035     i = new (C, 3) PhiNode(merge, TypeInt::INT);
1036     kit.gvn().set_type(i, TypeInt::INT);
1037     sign = new (C, 3) PhiNode(merge, TypeInt::INT);
1038     kit.gvn().set_type(sign, TypeInt::INT);
1039 
1040     merge->init_req(1, __ IfTrue(iff));
1041     i->init_req(1, __ SubI(__ intcon(0), arg));
1042     sign->init_req(1, __ intcon('-'));
1043     merge->init_req(2, __ IfFalse(iff));
1044     i->init_req(2, arg);
1045     sign->init_req(2, __ intcon(0));
1046 
1047     kit.set_control(merge);
1048 
1049     C->record_for_igvn(merge);
1050     C->record_for_igvn(i);
1051     C->record_for_igvn(sign);
1052   }
1053 
1054   // for (;;) {
1055   //     q = i / 10;
1056   //     r = i - ((q << 3) + (q << 1));  // r = i-(q*10) ...
1057   //     buf [--charPos] = digits [r];
1058   //     i = q;
1059   //     if (i == 0) break;
1060   // }
1061 
1062   {
1063     RegionNode *head = new (C, 3) RegionNode(3);
1064     head->init_req(1, kit.control());
1065     kit.gvn().set_type(head, Type::CONTROL);
1066     Node *i_phi = new (C, 3) PhiNode(head, TypeInt::INT);
1067     i_phi->init_req(1, i);
1068     kit.gvn().set_type(i_phi, TypeInt::INT);
1069     charPos = PhiNode::make(head, charPos);
1070     kit.gvn().set_type(charPos, TypeInt::INT);
1071     Node *mem = PhiNode::make(head, kit.memory(char_adr_idx), Type::MEMORY, TypeAryPtr::CHARS);
1072     kit.gvn().set_type(mem, Type::MEMORY);
1073     kit.set_control(head);
1074     kit.set_memory(mem, char_adr_idx);
1075 
1076     Node* q = __ DivI(NULL, i_phi, __ intcon(10));
1077     Node* r = __ SubI(i_phi, __ AddI(__ LShiftI(q, __ intcon(3)),
1078                                      __ LShiftI(q, __ intcon(1))));
1079     Node* m1 = __ SubI(charPos, __ intcon(1));
1080     Node* ch = __ AddI(r, __ intcon('0'));
1081 
1082     Node* st = __ store_to_memory(kit.control(), kit.array_element_address(char_array, m1, T_CHAR),
1083                                   ch, T_CHAR, char_adr_idx);
1084 
1085 
1086     IfNode* iff = kit.create_and_map_if(head, __ Bool(__ CmpI(q, __ intcon(0)), BoolTest::ne),
1087                                         PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
1088     Node* ne = __ IfTrue(iff);
1089     Node* eq = __ IfFalse(iff);
1090 
1091     head->init_req(2, ne);
1092     mem->init_req(2, st);
1093     i_phi->init_req(2, q);
1094     charPos->init_req(2, m1);
1095 
1096     charPos = m1;
1097 
1098     kit.set_control(eq);
1099     kit.set_memory(st, char_adr_idx);
1100 
1101     C->record_for_igvn(head);
1102     C->record_for_igvn(mem);
1103     C->record_for_igvn(i_phi);
1104     C->record_for_igvn(charPos);
1105   }
1106 
1107   {
1108     // if (sign != 0) {
1109     //     buf [--charPos] = sign;
1110     // }
1111     IfNode* iff = kit.create_and_map_if(kit.control(),
1112                                         __ Bool(__ CmpI(sign, __ intcon(0)), BoolTest::ne),
1113                                         PROB_FAIR, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
1114 
1115     final_merge->init_req(2, __ IfFalse(iff));
1116     final_mem->init_req(2, kit.memory(char_adr_idx));
1117 
1118     kit.set_control(__ IfTrue(iff));
1119     if (kit.stopped()) {
1120       final_merge->init_req(1, C->top());
1121       final_mem->init_req(1, C->top());
1122     } else {
1123       Node* m1 = __ SubI(charPos, __ intcon(1));
1124       Node* st = __ store_to_memory(kit.control(), kit.array_element_address(char_array, m1, T_CHAR),
1125                                     sign, T_CHAR, char_adr_idx);
1126 
1127       final_merge->init_req(1, kit.control());
1128       final_mem->init_req(1, st);
1129     }
1130 
1131     kit.set_control(final_merge);
1132     kit.set_memory(final_mem, char_adr_idx);
1133 
1134     C->record_for_igvn(final_merge);
1135     C->record_for_igvn(final_mem);
1136   }
1137 }
1138 
1139 
1140 Node* PhaseStringOpts::copy_string(GraphKit& kit, Node* str, Node* char_array, Node* start) {
1141   Node* string = str;
1142   Node* offset = kit.make_load(NULL,
1143                                kit.basic_plus_adr(string, string, java_lang_String::offset_offset_in_bytes()),
1144                                TypeInt::INT, T_INT, offset_field_idx);
1145   Node* count = kit.make_load(NULL,
1146                               kit.basic_plus_adr(string, string, java_lang_String::count_offset_in_bytes()),
1147                               TypeInt::INT, T_INT, count_field_idx);
1148   const TypeAryPtr*  value_type = TypeAryPtr::make(TypePtr::NotNull,
1149                                                    TypeAry::make(TypeInt::CHAR,TypeInt::POS),
1150                                                    ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_CHAR), true, 0);
1151   Node* value = kit.make_load(NULL,
1152                               kit.basic_plus_adr(string, string, java_lang_String::value_offset_in_bytes()),
1153                               value_type, T_OBJECT, value_field_idx);
1154 
1155   // copy the contents
1156   if (offset->is_Con() && count->is_Con() && value->is_Con() && count->get_int() < unroll_string_copy_length) {
1157     // For small constant strings just emit individual stores.
1158     // A length of 6 seems like a good space/speed tradeof.
1159     int c = count->get_int();
1160     int o = offset->get_int();
1161     const TypeOopPtr* t = kit.gvn().type(value)->isa_oopptr();
1162     ciTypeArray* value_array = t->const_oop()->as_type_array();
1163     for (int e = 0; e < c; e++) {
1164       __ store_to_memory(kit.control(), kit.array_element_address(char_array, start, T_CHAR),
1165                          __ intcon(value_array->char_at(o + e)), T_CHAR, char_adr_idx);
1166       start = __ AddI(start, __ intcon(1));
1167     }
1168   } else {
1169     Node* src_ptr = kit.array_element_address(value, offset, T_CHAR);
1170     Node* dst_ptr = kit.array_element_address(char_array, start, T_CHAR);
1171     Node* c = count;
1172     Node* extra = NULL;
1173 #ifdef _LP64
1174     c = __ ConvI2L(c);
1175     extra = C->top();
1176 #endif
1177     Node* call = kit.make_runtime_call(GraphKit::RC_LEAF|GraphKit::RC_NO_FP,
1178                                        OptoRuntime::fast_arraycopy_Type(),
1179                                        CAST_FROM_FN_PTR(address, StubRoutines::jshort_disjoint_arraycopy()),
1180                                        "jshort_disjoint_arraycopy", TypeAryPtr::CHARS,
1181                                        src_ptr, dst_ptr, c, extra);
1182     start = __ AddI(start, count);
1183   }
1184   return start;
1185 }
1186 
1187 
1188 void PhaseStringOpts::replace_string_concat(StringConcat* sc) {
1189   // Log a little info about the transformation
1190   sc->maybe_log_transform();
1191 
1192   // pull the JVMState of the allocation into a SafePointNode to serve as
1193   // as a shim for the insertion of the new code.
1194   JVMState* jvms     = sc->begin()->jvms()->clone_shallow(C);
1195   uint size = sc->begin()->req();
1196   SafePointNode* map = new (C, size) SafePointNode(size, jvms);
1197 
1198   // copy the control and memory state from the final call into our
1199   // new starting state.  This allows any preceeding tests to feed
1200   // into the new section of code.
1201   for (uint i1 = 0; i1 < TypeFunc::Parms; i1++) {
1202     map->init_req(i1, sc->end()->in(i1));
1203   }
1204   // blow away old allocation arguments
1205   for (uint i1 = TypeFunc::Parms; i1 < jvms->debug_start(); i1++) {
1206     map->init_req(i1, C->top());
1207   }
1208   // Copy the rest of the inputs for the JVMState
1209   for (uint i1 = jvms->debug_start(); i1 < sc->begin()->req(); i1++) {
1210     map->init_req(i1, sc->begin()->in(i1));
1211   }
1212   // Make sure the memory state is a MergeMem for parsing.
1213   if (!map->in(TypeFunc::Memory)->is_MergeMem()) {
1214     map->set_req(TypeFunc::Memory, MergeMemNode::make(C, map->in(TypeFunc::Memory)));
1215   }
1216 
1217   jvms->set_map(map);
1218   map->ensure_stack(jvms, jvms->method()->max_stack());
1219 
1220 
1221   // disconnect all the old StringBuilder calls from the graph
1222   sc->eliminate_unneeded_control();
1223 
1224   // At this point all the old work has been completely removed from
1225   // the graph and the saved JVMState exists at the point where the
1226   // final toString call used to be.
1227   GraphKit kit(jvms);
1228 
1229   // There may be uncommon traps which are still using the
1230   // intermediate states and these need to be rewritten to point at
1231   // the JVMState at the beginning of the transformation.
1232   sc->convert_uncommon_traps(kit, jvms);
1233 
1234   // Now insert the logic to compute the size of the string followed
1235   // by all the logic to construct array and resulting string.
1236 
1237   Node* null_string = __ makecon(TypeInstPtr::make(C->env()->the_null_string()));
1238 
1239   // Create a region for the overflow checks to merge into.
1240   int args = MAX2(sc->num_arguments(), 1);
1241   RegionNode* overflow = new (C, args) RegionNode(args);
1242   kit.gvn().set_type(overflow, Type::CONTROL);
1243 
1244   // Create a hook node to hold onto the individual sizes since they
1245   // are need for the copying phase.
1246   Node* string_sizes = new (C, args) Node(args);
1247 
1248   Node* length = __ intcon(0);
1249   for (int argi = 0; argi < sc->num_arguments(); argi++) {
1250     Node* arg = sc->argument(argi);
1251     switch (sc->mode(argi)) {
1252       case StringConcat::IntMode: {
1253         Node* string_size = int_stringSize(kit, arg);
1254 
1255         // accumulate total
1256         length = __ AddI(length, string_size);
1257 
1258         // Cache this value for the use by int_toString
1259         string_sizes->init_req(argi, string_size);
1260         break;
1261       }
1262       case StringConcat::StringMode: {
1263         const Type* type = kit.gvn().type(arg);
1264         if (type == TypePtr::NULL_PTR) {
1265           // replace the argument with the null checked version
1266           arg = null_string;
1267           sc->set_argument(argi, arg);
1268         } else if (!type->higher_equal(TypeInstPtr::NOTNULL)) {
1269           // s = s != null ? s : "null";
1270           // length = length + (s.count - s.offset);
1271           RegionNode *r = new (C, 3) RegionNode(3);
1272           kit.gvn().set_type(r, Type::CONTROL);
1273           Node *phi = new (C, 3) PhiNode(r, type);
1274           kit.gvn().set_type(phi, phi->bottom_type());
1275           Node* p = __ Bool(__ CmpP(arg, kit.null()), BoolTest::ne);
1276           IfNode* iff = kit.create_and_map_if(kit.control(), p, PROB_MIN, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
1277           Node* notnull = __ IfTrue(iff);
1278           Node* isnull =  __ IfFalse(iff);
1279           kit.set_control(notnull); // set control for the cast_not_null
1280           r->init_req(1, notnull);
1281           phi->init_req(1, kit.cast_not_null(arg, false));
1282           r->init_req(2, isnull);
1283           phi->init_req(2, null_string);
1284           kit.set_control(r);
1285           C->record_for_igvn(r);
1286           C->record_for_igvn(phi);
1287           // replace the argument with the null checked version
1288           arg = phi;
1289           sc->set_argument(argi, arg);
1290         }
1291         //         Node* offset = kit.make_load(NULL, kit.basic_plus_adr(arg, arg, offset_offset),
1292         //                                      TypeInt::INT, T_INT, offset_field_idx);
1293         Node* count = kit.make_load(NULL, kit.basic_plus_adr(arg, arg, java_lang_String::count_offset_in_bytes()),
1294                                     TypeInt::INT, T_INT, count_field_idx);
1295         length = __ AddI(length, count);
1296         string_sizes->init_req(argi, NULL);
1297         break;
1298       }
1299       case StringConcat::CharMode: {
1300         // one character only
1301         length = __ AddI(length, __ intcon(1));
1302         break;
1303       }
1304       default:
1305         ShouldNotReachHere();
1306     }
1307     if (argi > 0) {
1308       // Check that the sum hasn't overflowed
1309       IfNode* iff = kit.create_and_map_if(kit.control(),
1310                                           __ Bool(__ CmpI(length, __ intcon(0)), BoolTest::lt),
1311                                           PROB_MIN, COUNT_UNKNOWN);
1312       kit.set_control(__ IfFalse(iff));
1313       overflow->set_req(argi, __ IfTrue(iff));
1314     }
1315   }
1316 
1317   {
1318     // Hook
1319     PreserveJVMState pjvms(&kit);
1320     kit.set_control(overflow);
1321     kit.uncommon_trap(Deoptimization::Reason_intrinsic,
1322                       Deoptimization::Action_make_not_entrant);
1323   }
1324 
1325   // length now contains the number of characters needed for the
1326   // char[] so create a new AllocateArray for the char[]
1327   Node* char_array = NULL;
1328   {
1329     PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(&kit);
1330     // The original jvms is for an allocation of either a String or
1331     // StringBuffer so no stack adjustment is necessary for proper
1332     // reexecution.  If we deoptimize in the slow path the bytecode
1333     // will be reexecuted and the char[] allocation will be thrown away.
1334     kit.jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
1335     char_array = kit.new_array(__ makecon(TypeKlassPtr::make(ciTypeArrayKlass::make(T_CHAR))),
1336                                length, 1);
1337   }
1338 
1339   // Mark the allocation so that zeroing is skipped since the code
1340   // below will overwrite the entire array
1341   AllocateArrayNode* char_alloc = AllocateArrayNode::Ideal_array_allocation(char_array, _gvn);
1342   char_alloc->maybe_set_complete(_gvn);
1343 
1344   // Now copy the string representations into the final char[]
1345   Node* start = __ intcon(0);
1346   for (int argi = 0; argi < sc->num_arguments(); argi++) {
1347     Node* arg = sc->argument(argi);
1348     switch (sc->mode(argi)) {
1349       case StringConcat::IntMode: {
1350         Node* end = __ AddI(start, string_sizes->in(argi));
1351         // getChars words backwards so pass the ending point as well as the start
1352         int_getChars(kit, arg, char_array, start, end);
1353         start = end;
1354         break;
1355       }
1356       case StringConcat::StringMode: {
1357         start = copy_string(kit, arg, char_array, start);
1358         break;
1359       }
1360       case StringConcat::CharMode: {
1361         __ store_to_memory(kit.control(), kit.array_element_address(char_array, start, T_CHAR),
1362                            arg, T_CHAR, char_adr_idx);
1363         start = __ AddI(start, __ intcon(1));
1364         break;
1365       }
1366       default:
1367         ShouldNotReachHere();
1368     }
1369   }
1370 
1371   // If we're not reusing an existing String allocation then allocate one here.
1372   Node* result = sc->string_alloc();
1373   if (result == NULL) {
1374     PreserveReexecuteState preexecs(&kit);
1375     // The original jvms is for an allocation of either a String or
1376     // StringBuffer so no stack adjustment is necessary for proper
1377     // reexecution.
1378     kit.jvms()->set_should_reexecute(true);
1379     result = kit.new_instance(__ makecon(TypeKlassPtr::make(C->env()->String_klass())));
1380   }
1381 
1382   // Intialize the string
1383   kit.store_to_memory(kit.control(), kit.basic_plus_adr(result, java_lang_String::offset_offset_in_bytes()),
1384                       __ intcon(0), T_INT, offset_field_idx);
1385   kit.store_to_memory(kit.control(), kit.basic_plus_adr(result, java_lang_String::count_offset_in_bytes()),
1386                       length, T_INT, count_field_idx);
1387   kit.store_to_memory(kit.control(), kit.basic_plus_adr(result, java_lang_String::value_offset_in_bytes()),
1388                       char_array, T_OBJECT, value_field_idx);
1389 
1390   // hook up the outgoing control and result
1391   kit.replace_call(sc->end(), result);
1392 
1393   // Unhook any hook nodes
1394   string_sizes->disconnect_inputs(NULL);
1395   sc->cleanup();
1396 }