1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
  27 #include "compiler/compilerOracle.hpp"
  28 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  29 #include "memory/cardTableRS.hpp"
  30 #include "memory/referenceProcessor.hpp"
  31 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
  32 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  33 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  34 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  35 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  36 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  37 #include "services/management.hpp"
  38 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  39 #include "utilities/taskqueue.hpp"
  40 #ifdef TARGET_ARCH_x86
  41 # include "vm_version_x86.hpp"
  42 #endif
  43 #ifdef TARGET_ARCH_sparc
  44 # include "vm_version_sparc.hpp"
  45 #endif
  46 #ifdef TARGET_ARCH_zero
  47 # include "vm_version_zero.hpp"
  48 #endif
  49 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_linux
  50 # include "os_linux.inline.hpp"
  51 #endif
  52 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_solaris
  53 # include "os_solaris.inline.hpp"
  54 #endif
  55 #ifdef TARGET_OS_FAMILY_windows
  56 # include "os_windows.inline.hpp"
  57 #endif
  58 #ifndef SERIALGC
  59 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/compactibleFreeListSpace.hpp"
  60 #endif
  61 
  62 #define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG "http://java.sun.com/webapps/bugreport/crash.jsp"
  63 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER  "generic"
  64 
  65 char**  Arguments::_jvm_flags_array             = NULL;
  66 int     Arguments::_num_jvm_flags               = 0;
  67 char**  Arguments::_jvm_args_array              = NULL;
  68 int     Arguments::_num_jvm_args                = 0;
  69 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = NULL;
  70 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = NULL;
  71 const char*  Arguments::_gc_log_filename        = NULL;
  72 bool   Arguments::_has_profile                  = false;
  73 bool   Arguments::_has_alloc_profile            = false;
  74 uintx  Arguments::_min_heap_size                = 0;
  75 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
  76 bool   Arguments::_java_compiler                = false;
  77 bool   Arguments::_xdebug_mode                  = false;
  78 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG;
  79 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
  80 int    Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_pid        = -1;
  81 bool   Arguments::_created_by_gamma_launcher    = false;
  82 
  83 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args(JavaVMInitArgs*)
  84 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
  85 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
  86 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
  87 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
  88 
  89 char*  Arguments::SharedArchivePath             = NULL;
  90 
  91 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_libraryList;
  92 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_agentList;
  93 
  94 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = NULL;
  95 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = NULL;
  96 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = NULL;
  97 
  98 
  99 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_ext_dirs = NULL;
 100 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_endorsed_dirs = NULL;
 101 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = NULL;
 102 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = NULL;
 103 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = NULL;
 104 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = NULL;
 105 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_class_path = NULL;
 106 
 107 char* Arguments::_meta_index_path = NULL;
 108 char* Arguments::_meta_index_dir = NULL;
 109 
 110 static bool force_client_mode = false;
 111 
 112 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' remaining part of option string
 113 
 114 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
 115                          const char** tail) {
 116   int len = (int)strlen(name);
 117   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
 118     *tail = option->optionString + len;
 119     return true;
 120   } else {
 121     return false;
 122   }
 123 }
 124 
 125 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
 126   if (PrintVMOptions) {
 127     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
 128   }
 129 }
 130 
 131 // Process java launcher properties.
 132 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 133   // See if sun.java.launcher or sun.java.launcher.pid is defined.
 134   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 135   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 136   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 137     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 138     const char* tail;
 139 
 140     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 141       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 142       continue;
 143     }
 144     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.pid=", &tail)) {
 145       _sun_java_launcher_pid = atoi(tail);
 146       continue;
 147     }
 148   }
 149 }
 150 
 151 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 152 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 153 
 154   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 155                                                                  "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 156   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 157   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 158   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(),  true));
 159 
 160   // following are JVMTI agent writeable properties.
 161   // Properties values are set to NULL and they are
 162   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 163   _java_ext_dirs = new SystemProperty("java.ext.dirs", NULL,  true);
 164   _java_endorsed_dirs = new SystemProperty("java.endorsed.dirs", NULL,  true);
 165   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", NULL,  true);
 166   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", NULL,  true);
 167   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", NULL,  true);
 168   _sun_boot_class_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.class.path", NULL,  true);
 169 
 170   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 171 
 172   // Add to System Property list.
 173   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_ext_dirs);
 174   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_endorsed_dirs);
 175   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 176   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 177   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 178   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 179   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_class_path);
 180 
 181   // Set OS specific system properties values
 182   os::init_system_properties_values();
 183 }
 184 
 185 
 186   // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
 187 void Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties() {
 188   enum { bufsz = 16 };
 189   char buffer[bufsz];
 190   const char* spec_vendor = "Sun Microsystems Inc.";
 191   uint32_t spec_version = 0;
 192 
 193   if (JDK_Version::is_gte_jdk17x_version()) {
 194     spec_vendor = "Oracle Corporation";
 195     spec_version = JDK_Version::current().major_version();
 196   }
 197   jio_snprintf(buffer, bufsz, "1." UINT32_FORMAT, spec_version);
 198 
 199   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 200       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",  spec_vendor, false));
 201   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 202       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", buffer, false));
 203   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 204       new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 205 }
 206 
 207 /**
 208  * Provide a slightly more user-friendly way of eliminating -XX flags.
 209  * When a flag is eliminated, it can be added to this list in order to
 210  * continue accepting this flag on the command-line, while issuing a warning
 211  * and ignoring the value.  Once the JDK version reaches the 'accept_until'
 212  * limit, we flatly refuse to admit the existence of the flag.  This allows
 213  * a flag to die correctly over JDK releases using HSX.
 214  */
 215 typedef struct {
 216   const char* name;
 217   JDK_Version obsoleted_in; // when the flag went away
 218   JDK_Version accept_until; // which version to start denying the existence
 219 } ObsoleteFlag;
 220 
 221 static ObsoleteFlag obsolete_jvm_flags[] = {
 222   { "UseTrainGC",                    JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 223   { "UseSpecialLargeObjectHandling", JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 224   { "UseOversizedCarHandling",       JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 225   { "TraceCarAllocation",            JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 226   { "PrintTrainGCProcessingStats",   JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 227   { "LogOfCarSpaceSize",             JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 228   { "OversizedCarThreshold",         JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 229   { "MinTickInterval",               JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 230   { "DefaultTickInterval",           JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 231   { "MaxTickInterval",               JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 232   { "DelayTickAdjustment",           JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 233   { "ProcessingToTenuringRatio",     JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 234   { "MinTrainLength",                JDK_Version::jdk(5), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 235   { "AppendRatio",         JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,10), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 236   { "DefaultMaxRAM",       JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,18), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 237   { "DefaultInitialRAMFraction",
 238                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,18), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 239   { "UseDepthFirstScavengeOrder",
 240                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,22), JDK_Version::jdk(7) },
 241   { "HandlePromotionFailure",
 242                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,24), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 243   { "MaxLiveObjectEvacuationRatio",
 244                            JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,24), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 245   { "ForceSharedSpaces",   JDK_Version::jdk_update(6,25), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 246   { NULL, JDK_Version(0), JDK_Version(0) }
 247 };
 248 
 249 // Returns true if the flag is obsolete and fits into the range specified
 250 // for being ignored.  In the case that the flag is ignored, the 'version'
 251 // value is filled in with the version number when the flag became
 252 // obsolete so that that value can be displayed to the user.
 253 bool Arguments::is_newly_obsolete(const char *s, JDK_Version* version) {
 254   int i = 0;
 255   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 256   while (obsolete_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL) {
 257     const ObsoleteFlag& flag_status = obsolete_jvm_flags[i];
 258     // <flag>=xxx form
 259     // [-|+]<flag> form
 260     if ((strncmp(flag_status.name, s, strlen(flag_status.name)) == 0) ||
 261         ((s[0] == '+' || s[0] == '-') &&
 262         (strncmp(flag_status.name, &s[1], strlen(flag_status.name)) == 0))) {
 263       if (JDK_Version::current().compare(flag_status.accept_until) == -1) {
 264           *version = flag_status.obsoleted_in;
 265           return true;
 266       }
 267     }
 268     i++;
 269   }
 270   return false;
 271 }
 272 
 273 // Constructs the system class path (aka boot class path) from the following
 274 // components, in order:
 275 //
 276 //     prefix           // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 277 //     endorsed         // the expansion of -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...
 278 //     base             // from os::get_system_properties() or -Xbootclasspath=
 279 //     suffix           // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 280 //
 281 // java.endorsed.dirs is a list of directories; any jar or zip files in the
 282 // directories are added to the sysclasspath just before the base.
 283 //
 284 // This could be AllStatic, but it isn't needed after argument processing is
 285 // complete.
 286 class SysClassPath: public StackObj {
 287 public:
 288   SysClassPath(const char* base);
 289   ~SysClassPath();
 290 
 291   inline void set_base(const char* base);
 292   inline void add_prefix(const char* prefix);
 293   inline void add_suffix_to_prefix(const char* suffix);
 294   inline void add_suffix(const char* suffix);
 295   inline void reset_path(const char* base);
 296 
 297   // Expand the jar/zip files in each directory listed by the java.endorsed.dirs
 298   // property.  Must be called after all command-line arguments have been
 299   // processed (in particular, -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...) and before calling
 300   // combined_path().
 301   void expand_endorsed();
 302 
 303   inline const char* get_base()     const { return _items[_scp_base]; }
 304   inline const char* get_prefix()   const { return _items[_scp_prefix]; }
 305   inline const char* get_suffix()   const { return _items[_scp_suffix]; }
 306   inline const char* get_endorsed() const { return _items[_scp_endorsed]; }
 307 
 308   // Combine all the components into a single c-heap-allocated string; caller
 309   // must free the string if/when no longer needed.
 310   char* combined_path();
 311 
 312 private:
 313   // Utility routines.
 314   static char* add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend);
 315   static char* add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory);
 316 
 317   inline void reset_item_at(int index);
 318 
 319   // Array indices for the items that make up the sysclasspath.  All except the
 320   // base are allocated in the C heap and freed by this class.
 321   enum {
 322     _scp_prefix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 323     _scp_endorsed,      // the expansion of -Djava.endorsed.dirs=...
 324     _scp_base,          // the default sysclasspath
 325     _scp_suffix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 326     _scp_nitems         // the number of items, must be last.
 327   };
 328 
 329   const char* _items[_scp_nitems];
 330   DEBUG_ONLY(bool _expansion_done;)
 331 };
 332 
 333 SysClassPath::SysClassPath(const char* base) {
 334   memset(_items, 0, sizeof(_items));
 335   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 336   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = false;)
 337 }
 338 
 339 SysClassPath::~SysClassPath() {
 340   // Free everything except the base.
 341   for (int i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 342     if (i != _scp_base) reset_item_at(i);
 343   }
 344   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = false;)
 345 }
 346 
 347 inline void SysClassPath::set_base(const char* base) {
 348   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 349 }
 350 
 351 inline void SysClassPath::add_prefix(const char* prefix) {
 352   _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], prefix, true);
 353 }
 354 
 355 inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix_to_prefix(const char* suffix) {
 356   _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], suffix, false);
 357 }
 358 
 359 inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix(const char* suffix) {
 360   _items[_scp_suffix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_suffix], suffix, false);
 361 }
 362 
 363 inline void SysClassPath::reset_item_at(int index) {
 364   assert(index < _scp_nitems && index != _scp_base, "just checking");
 365   if (_items[index] != NULL) {
 366     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, _items[index]);
 367     _items[index] = NULL;
 368   }
 369 }
 370 
 371 inline void SysClassPath::reset_path(const char* base) {
 372   // Clear the prefix and suffix.
 373   reset_item_at(_scp_prefix);
 374   reset_item_at(_scp_suffix);
 375   set_base(base);
 376 }
 377 
 378 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 379 
 380 void SysClassPath::expand_endorsed() {
 381   assert(_items[_scp_endorsed] == NULL, "can only be called once.");
 382 
 383   const char* path = Arguments::get_property("java.endorsed.dirs");
 384   if (path == NULL) {
 385     path = Arguments::get_endorsed_dir();
 386     assert(path != NULL, "no default for java.endorsed.dirs");
 387   }
 388 
 389   char* expanded_path = NULL;
 390   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 391   const char* const end = path + strlen(path);
 392   while (path < end) {
 393     const char* tmp_end = strchr(path, separator);
 394     if (tmp_end == NULL) {
 395       expanded_path = add_jars_to_path(expanded_path, path);
 396       path = end;
 397     } else {
 398       char* dirpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, tmp_end - path + 1);
 399       memcpy(dirpath, path, tmp_end - path);
 400       dirpath[tmp_end - path] = '\0';
 401       expanded_path = add_jars_to_path(expanded_path, dirpath);
 402       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dirpath);
 403       path = tmp_end + 1;
 404     }
 405   }
 406   _items[_scp_endorsed] = expanded_path;
 407   DEBUG_ONLY(_expansion_done = true;)
 408 }
 409 
 410 // Combine the bootclasspath elements, some of which may be null, into a single
 411 // c-heap-allocated string.
 412 char* SysClassPath::combined_path() {
 413   assert(_items[_scp_base] != NULL, "empty default sysclasspath");
 414   assert(_expansion_done, "must call expand_endorsed() first.");
 415 
 416   size_t lengths[_scp_nitems];
 417   size_t total_len = 0;
 418 
 419   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 420 
 421   // Get the lengths.
 422   int i;
 423   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 424     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 425       lengths[i] = strlen(_items[i]);
 426       // Include space for the separator char (or a NULL for the last item).
 427       total_len += lengths[i] + 1;
 428     }
 429   }
 430   assert(total_len > 0, "empty sysclasspath not allowed");
 431 
 432   // Copy the _items to a single string.
 433   char* cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, total_len);
 434   char* cp_tmp = cp;
 435   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 436     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 437       memcpy(cp_tmp, _items[i], lengths[i]);
 438       cp_tmp += lengths[i];
 439       *cp_tmp++ = separator;
 440     }
 441   }
 442   *--cp_tmp = '\0';     // Replace the extra separator.
 443   return cp;
 444 }
 445 
 446 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 447 char*
 448 SysClassPath::add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend) {
 449   char *cp;
 450 
 451   assert(str != NULL, "just checking");
 452   if (path == NULL) {
 453     size_t len = strlen(str) + 1;
 454     cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len);
 455     memcpy(cp, str, len);                       // copy the trailing null
 456   } else {
 457     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 458     size_t old_len = strlen(path);
 459     size_t str_len = strlen(str);
 460     size_t len = old_len + str_len + 2;
 461 
 462     if (prepend) {
 463       cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len);
 464       char* cp_tmp = cp;
 465       memcpy(cp_tmp, str, str_len);
 466       cp_tmp += str_len;
 467       *cp_tmp = separator;
 468       memcpy(++cp_tmp, path, old_len + 1);      // copy the trailing null
 469       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path);
 470     } else {
 471       cp = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path, len);
 472       char* cp_tmp = cp + old_len;
 473       *cp_tmp = separator;
 474       memcpy(++cp_tmp, str, str_len + 1);       // copy the trailing null
 475     }
 476   }
 477   return cp;
 478 }
 479 
 480 // Scan the directory and append any jar or zip files found to path.
 481 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 482 char* SysClassPath::add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory) {
 483   DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
 484   if (dir == NULL) return path;
 485 
 486   char dir_sep[2] = { '\0', '\0' };
 487   size_t directory_len = strlen(directory);
 488   const char fileSep = *os::file_separator();
 489   if (directory[directory_len - 1] != fileSep) dir_sep[0] = fileSep;
 490 
 491   /* Scan the directory for jars/zips, appending them to path. */
 492   struct dirent *entry;
 493   char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory));
 494   while ((entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
 495     const char* name = entry->d_name;
 496     const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
 497     bool isJarOrZip = ext > name &&
 498       (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0 ||
 499        os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".zip") == 0);
 500     if (isJarOrZip) {
 501       char* jarpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, directory_len + 2 + strlen(name));
 502       sprintf(jarpath, "%s%s%s", directory, dir_sep, name);
 503       path = add_to_path(path, jarpath, false);
 504       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, jarpath);
 505     }
 506   }
 507   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf);
 508   os::closedir(dir);
 509   return path;
 510 }
 511 
 512 // Parses a memory size specification string.
 513 static bool atomull(const char *s, julong* result) {
 514   julong n = 0;
 515   int args_read = sscanf(s, os::julong_format_specifier(), &n);
 516   if (args_read != 1) {
 517     return false;
 518   }
 519   while (*s != '\0' && isdigit(*s)) {
 520     s++;
 521   }
 522   // 4705540: illegal if more characters are found after the first non-digit
 523   if (strlen(s) > 1) {
 524     return false;
 525   }
 526   switch (*s) {
 527     case 'T': case 't':
 528       *result = n * G * K;
 529       // Check for overflow.
 530       if (*result/((julong)G * K) != n) return false;
 531       return true;
 532     case 'G': case 'g':
 533       *result = n * G;
 534       if (*result/G != n) return false;
 535       return true;
 536     case 'M': case 'm':
 537       *result = n * M;
 538       if (*result/M != n) return false;
 539       return true;
 540     case 'K': case 'k':
 541       *result = n * K;
 542       if (*result/K != n) return false;
 543       return true;
 544     case '\0':
 545       *result = n;
 546       return true;
 547     default:
 548       return false;
 549   }
 550 }
 551 
 552 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(julong size, julong min_size) {
 553   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 554   // Check that size will fit in a size_t (only relevant on 32-bit)
 555   if (size > max_uintx) return arg_too_big;
 556   return arg_in_range;
 557 }
 558 
 559 // Describe an argument out of range error
 560 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 561   switch(errcode) {
 562   case arg_too_big:
 563     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 564                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 565                 "representable size.\n");
 566     break;
 567   case arg_too_small:
 568   case arg_unreadable:
 569   case arg_in_range:
 570     // do nothing for now
 571     break;
 572   default:
 573     ShouldNotReachHere();
 574   }
 575 }
 576 
 577 static bool set_bool_flag(char* name, bool value, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
 578   return CommandLineFlags::boolAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 579 }
 580 
 581 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
 582   double v;
 583   if (sscanf(value, "%lf", &v) != 1) {
 584     return false;
 585   }
 586 
 587   if (CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(name, &v, origin)) {
 588     return true;
 589   }
 590   return false;
 591 }
 592 
 593 static bool set_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
 594   julong v;
 595   intx intx_v;
 596   bool is_neg = false;
 597   // Check the sign first since atomull() parses only unsigned values.
 598   if (*value == '-') {
 599     if (!CommandLineFlags::intxAt(name, &intx_v)) {
 600       return false;
 601     }
 602     value++;
 603     is_neg = true;
 604   }
 605   if (!atomull(value, &v)) {
 606     return false;
 607   }
 608   intx_v = (intx) v;
 609   if (is_neg) {
 610     intx_v = -intx_v;
 611   }
 612   if (CommandLineFlags::intxAtPut(name, &intx_v, origin)) {
 613     return true;
 614   }
 615   uintx uintx_v = (uintx) v;
 616   if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::uintxAtPut(name, &uintx_v, origin)) {
 617     return true;
 618   }
 619   uint64_t uint64_t_v = (uint64_t) v;
 620   if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::uint64_tAtPut(name, &uint64_t_v, origin)) {
 621     return true;
 622   }
 623   return false;
 624 }
 625 
 626 static bool set_string_flag(char* name, const char* value, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
 627   if (!CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin))  return false;
 628   // Contract:  CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 629   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 630   return true;
 631 }
 632 
 633 static bool append_to_string_flag(char* name, const char* new_value, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
 634   const char* old_value = "";
 635   if (!CommandLineFlags::ccstrAt(name, &old_value))  return false;
 636   size_t old_len = old_value != NULL ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 637   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 638   const char* value;
 639   char* free_this_too = NULL;
 640   if (old_len == 0) {
 641     value = new_value;
 642   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 643     value = old_value;
 644   } else {
 645     char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, old_len + 1 + new_len + 1);
 646     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 647     sprintf(buf, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 648     value = buf;
 649     free_this_too = buf;
 650   }
 651   (void) CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 652   // CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 653   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 654   if (free_this_too != NULL) {
 655     // CommandLineFlags made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 656     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too);
 657   }
 658   return true;
 659 }
 660 
 661 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
 662 
 663   // range of acceptable characters spelled out for portability reasons
 664 #define NAME_RANGE  "[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_]"
 665 #define BUFLEN 255
 666   char name[BUFLEN+1];
 667   char dummy;
 668 
 669   if (sscanf(arg, "-%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 670     return set_bool_flag(name, false, origin);
 671   }
 672   if (sscanf(arg, "+%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 673     return set_bool_flag(name, true, origin);
 674   }
 675 
 676   char punct;
 677   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 678     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 679     Flag* flag = Flag::find_flag(name, strlen(name));
 680     if (flag != NULL && flag->is_ccstr()) {
 681       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
 682         return append_to_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 683       } else {
 684         if (value[0] == '\0') {
 685           value = NULL;
 686         }
 687         return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 688       }
 689     }
 690   }
 691 
 692   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE ":%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 693     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 694     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
 695     if (value[0] == '\0') {
 696       value = NULL;
 697     }
 698     return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 699   }
 700 
 701 #define SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "[-0123456789.]"
 702 #define SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE    "[-0123456789]"
 703 #define        NUMBER_RANGE    "[0123456789]"
 704   char value[BUFLEN + 1];
 705   char value2[BUFLEN + 1];
 706   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE "." "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, value2, &dummy) == 3) {
 707     // Looks like a floating-point number -- try again with more lenient format string
 708     if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 709       return set_fp_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 710     }
 711   }
 712 
 713 #define VALUE_RANGE "[-kmgtKMGT0123456789]"
 714   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) VALUE_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 715     return set_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 716   }
 717 
 718   return false;
 719 }
 720 
 721 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
 722   assert(bldarray != NULL, "illegal argument");
 723 
 724   if (arg == NULL) {
 725     return;
 726   }
 727 
 728   int index = *count;
 729 
 730   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
 731   (*count)++;
 732   if (*bldarray == NULL) {
 733     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *count);
 734   } else {
 735     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, *count);
 736   }
 737   (*bldarray)[index] = strdup(arg);
 738 }
 739 
 740 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
 741   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
 742 }
 743 
 744 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
 745   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
 746 }
 747 
 748 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
 749 // strings in a given char** array
 750 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
 751   if (args == NULL || count == 0) {
 752     return NULL;
 753   }
 754   size_t length = strlen(args[0]) + 1; // add 1 for the null terminator
 755   for (int i = 1; i < count; i++) {
 756     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space
 757   }
 758   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
 759   strcpy(s, args[0]);
 760   for (int j = 1; j < count; j++) {
 761     strcat(s, " ");
 762     strcat(s, args[j]);
 763   }
 764   return (const char*) s;
 765 }
 766 
 767 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
 768   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
 769   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
 770     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
 771   }
 772   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
 773     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
 774   }
 775   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
 776   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
 777 }
 778 
 779 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
 780   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
 781     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
 782       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
 783     }
 784     st->print_cr("");
 785   }
 786 }
 787 
 788 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
 789   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
 790     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
 791       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
 792     }
 793     st->print_cr("");
 794   }
 795 }
 796 
 797 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg,
 798     jboolean ignore_unrecognized, FlagValueOrigin origin) {
 799 
 800   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
 801 
 802   if (parse_argument(arg, origin)) {
 803     // do nothing
 804   } else if (is_newly_obsolete(arg, &since)) {
 805     enum { bufsize = 256 };
 806     char buffer[bufsize];
 807     since.to_string(buffer, bufsize);
 808     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 809       "Warning: The flag %s has been EOL'd as of %s and will"
 810       " be ignored\n", arg, buffer);
 811   } else {
 812     if (!ignore_unrecognized) {
 813       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 814                   "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", arg);
 815       // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
 816       if (strlen(arg) == 0 || arg[0] != '#') {
 817         return false;
 818       }
 819     }
 820   }
 821   return true;
 822 }
 823 
 824 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
 825   FILE* stream = fopen(file_name, "rb");
 826   if (stream == NULL) {
 827     if (should_exist) {
 828       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 829                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
 830       return false;
 831     } else {
 832       return true;
 833     }
 834   }
 835 
 836   char token[1024];
 837   int  pos = 0;
 838 
 839   bool in_white_space = true;
 840   bool in_comment     = false;
 841   bool in_quote       = false;
 842   char quote_c        = 0;
 843   bool result         = true;
 844 
 845   int c = getc(stream);
 846   while(c != EOF) {
 847     if (in_white_space) {
 848       if (in_comment) {
 849         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
 850       } else {
 851         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
 852         else if (!isspace(c)) {
 853           in_white_space = false;
 854           token[pos++] = c;
 855         }
 856       }
 857     } else {
 858       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace(c))) {
 859         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
 860         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
 861         token[pos] = '\0';
 862         logOption(token);
 863         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, CONFIG_FILE);
 864         build_jvm_flags(token);
 865         pos = 0;
 866         in_white_space = true;
 867         in_quote = false;
 868       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
 869         in_quote = true;
 870         quote_c = c;
 871       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
 872         in_quote = false;
 873       } else {
 874         token[pos++] = c;
 875       }
 876     }
 877     c = getc(stream);
 878   }
 879   if (pos > 0) {
 880     token[pos] = '\0';
 881     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, CONFIG_FILE);
 882     build_jvm_flags(token);
 883   }
 884   fclose(stream);
 885   return result;
 886 }
 887 
 888 //=============================================================================================================
 889 // Parsing of properties (-D)
 890 
 891 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
 892   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
 893 }
 894 
 895 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop) {
 896   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
 897   char* key;
 898   // ns must be static--its address may be stored in a SystemProperty object.
 899   const static char ns[1] = {0};
 900   char* value = (char *)ns;
 901 
 902   size_t key_len = (eq == NULL) ? strlen(prop) : (eq - prop);
 903   key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, "add_property");
 904   strncpy(key, prop, key_len);
 905   key[key_len] = '\0';
 906 
 907   if (eq != NULL) {
 908     size_t value_len = strlen(prop) - key_len - 1;
 909     value = AllocateHeap(value_len + 1, "add_property");
 910     strncpy(value, &prop[key_len + 1], value_len + 1);
 911   }
 912 
 913   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
 914     process_java_compiler_argument(value);
 915     FreeHeap(key);
 916     if (eq != NULL) {
 917       FreeHeap(value);
 918     }
 919     return true;
 920   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
 921     _java_command = value;
 922 
 923     // Record value in Arguments, but let it get passed to Java.
 924   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.pid") == 0) {
 925     // launcher.pid property is private and is processed
 926     // in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
 927     // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
 928     FreeHeap(key);
 929     if (eq != NULL) {
 930       FreeHeap(value);
 931     }
 932     return true;
 933   } else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
 934     // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
 935     // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
 936     _java_vendor_url_bug = value;
 937   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.boot.library.path") == 0) {
 938     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, true);
 939     return true;
 940   }
 941   // Create new property and add at the end of the list
 942   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value);
 943   return true;
 944 }
 945 
 946 //===========================================================================================================
 947 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
 948 
 949 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
 950   // Set up default values for all flags.
 951   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
 952   // add a default value for it here.
 953   set_java_compiler(false);
 954   _mode                      = mode;
 955 
 956   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
 957   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
 958   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
 959                           (char*)Abstract_VM_Version::vm_info_string(), false);
 960 
 961   UseInterpreter             = true;
 962   UseCompiler                = true;
 963   UseLoopCounter             = true;
 964 
 965   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
 966   // use the saved values
 967   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
 968   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
 969   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
 970   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
 971 
 972   // Change from defaults based on mode
 973   switch (mode) {
 974   default:
 975     ShouldNotReachHere();
 976     break;
 977   case _int:
 978     UseCompiler              = false;
 979     UseLoopCounter           = false;
 980     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
 981     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
 982     break;
 983   case _mixed:
 984     // same as default
 985     break;
 986   case _comp:
 987     UseInterpreter           = false;
 988     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
 989     ClipInlining             = false;
 990     break;
 991   }
 992 }
 993 
 994 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
 995 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
 996 
 997 static void no_shared_spaces() {
 998   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
 999     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1000       "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
1001     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive.", NULL);
1002   } else {
1003     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
1004   }
1005 }
1006 
1007 void Arguments::set_tiered_flags() {
1008   // With tiered, set default policy to AdvancedThresholdPolicy, which is 3.
1009   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice)) {
1010     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice, 3);
1011   }
1012   if (CompilationPolicyChoice < 2) {
1013     vm_exit_during_initialization(
1014       "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
1015   }
1016   // Increase the code cache size - tiered compiles a lot more.
1017   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1018     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize, ReservedCodeCacheSize * 2);
1019   }
1020 }
1021 
1022 #ifndef KERNEL
1023 // If the user has chosen ParallelGCThreads > 0, we set UseParNewGC
1024 // if it's not explictly set or unset. If the user has chosen
1025 // UseParNewGC and not explicitly set ParallelGCThreads we
1026 // set it, unless this is a single cpu machine.
1027 void Arguments::set_parnew_gc_flags() {
1028   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC && !UseG1GC,
1029          "control point invariant");
1030   assert(UseParNewGC, "Error");
1031 
1032   // Turn off AdaptiveSizePolicy by default for parnew until it is
1033   // complete.
1034   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy)) {
1035     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy, false);
1036   }
1037 
1038   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1039     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
1040                      Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1041     if (ParallelGCThreads == 1) {
1042       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC, false);
1043       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, 0);
1044     }
1045   }
1046   if (UseParNewGC) {
1047     // CDS doesn't work with ParNew yet
1048     no_shared_spaces();
1049 
1050     // By default YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize are set to 4096 and 1024 respectively,
1051     // these settings are default for Parallel Scavenger. For ParNew+Tenured configuration
1052     // we set them to 1024 and 1024.
1053     // See CR 6362902.
1054     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize)) {
1055       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1056     }
1057     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1058       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1059     }
1060 
1061     // AlwaysTenure flag should make ParNew promote all at first collection.
1062     // See CR 6362902.
1063     if (AlwaysTenure) {
1064       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, MaxTenuringThreshold, 0);
1065     }
1066     // When using compressed oops, we use local overflow stacks,
1067     // rather than using a global overflow list chained through
1068     // the klass word of the object's pre-image.
1069     if (UseCompressedOops && !ParGCUseLocalOverflow) {
1070       if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow)) {
1071         warning("Forcing +ParGCUseLocalOverflow: needed if using compressed references");
1072       }
1073       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow, true);
1074     }
1075     assert(ParGCUseLocalOverflow || !UseCompressedOops, "Error");
1076   }
1077 }
1078 
1079 // Adjust some sizes to suit CMS and/or ParNew needs; these work well on
1080 // sparc/solaris for certain applications, but would gain from
1081 // further optimization and tuning efforts, and would almost
1082 // certainly gain from analysis of platform and environment.
1083 void Arguments::set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags() {
1084   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC, "Error");
1085   assert(UseConcMarkSweepGC, "CMS is expected to be on here");
1086 
1087   // If we are using CMS, we prefer to UseParNewGC,
1088   // unless explicitly forbidden.
1089   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC)) {
1090     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParNewGC, true);
1091   }
1092 
1093   // Turn off AdaptiveSizePolicy by default for cms until it is
1094   // complete.
1095   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy)) {
1096     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy, false);
1097   }
1098 
1099   // In either case, adjust ParallelGCThreads and/or UseParNewGC
1100   // as needed.
1101   if (UseParNewGC) {
1102     set_parnew_gc_flags();
1103   }
1104 
1105   // MaxHeapSize is aligned down in collectorPolicy
1106   size_t max_heap = align_size_down(MaxHeapSize,
1107                                     CardTableRS::ct_max_alignment_constraint());
1108 
1109   // Now make adjustments for CMS
1110   intx   tenuring_default = (intx)6;
1111   size_t young_gen_per_worker = CMSYoungGenPerWorker;
1112 
1113   // Preferred young gen size for "short" pauses:
1114   // upper bound depends on # of threads and NewRatio.
1115   const uintx parallel_gc_threads =
1116     (ParallelGCThreads == 0 ? 1 : ParallelGCThreads);
1117   const size_t preferred_max_new_size_unaligned =
1118     MIN2(max_heap/(NewRatio+1), ScaleForWordSize(young_gen_per_worker * parallel_gc_threads));
1119   size_t preferred_max_new_size =
1120     align_size_up(preferred_max_new_size_unaligned, os::vm_page_size());
1121 
1122   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size young gen
1123   // for "short" pauses ~ CMSYoungGenPerWorker*ParallelGCThreads
1124 
1125   // If either MaxNewSize or NewRatio is set on the command line,
1126   // assume the user is trying to set the size of the young gen.
1127   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxNewSize) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewRatio)) {
1128 
1129     // Set MaxNewSize to our calculated preferred_max_new_size unless
1130     // NewSize was set on the command line and it is larger than
1131     // preferred_max_new_size.
1132     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {   // NewSize explicitly set at command-line
1133       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxNewSize, MAX2(NewSize, preferred_max_new_size));
1134     } else {
1135       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxNewSize, preferred_max_new_size);
1136     }
1137     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1138       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1139       tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set MaxNewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, MaxNewSize);
1140     }
1141 
1142     // Code along this path potentially sets NewSize and OldSize
1143 
1144     assert(max_heap >= InitialHeapSize, "Error");
1145     assert(max_heap >= NewSize, "Error");
1146 
1147     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1148       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1149       tty->print_cr("CMS set min_heap_size: " SIZE_FORMAT
1150            " initial_heap_size:  " SIZE_FORMAT
1151            " max_heap: " SIZE_FORMAT,
1152            min_heap_size(), InitialHeapSize, max_heap);
1153     }
1154     size_t min_new = preferred_max_new_size;
1155     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(NewSize)) {
1156       min_new = NewSize;
1157     }
1158     if (max_heap > min_new && min_heap_size() > min_new) {
1159       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, make young gen
1160       // at least min_new, and at most preferred_max_new_size.
1161       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1162         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NewSize, MAX2(NewSize, min_new));
1163         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NewSize, MIN2(preferred_max_new_size, NewSize));
1164         if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1165           // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1166           tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set NewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, NewSize);
1167         }
1168       }
1169       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size old gen
1170       // so it's NewRatio x of NewSize.
1171       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldSize)) {
1172         if (max_heap > NewSize) {
1173           FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, OldSize, MIN2(NewRatio*NewSize, max_heap - NewSize));
1174           if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1175             // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1176             tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set OldSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, OldSize);
1177           }
1178         }
1179       }
1180     }
1181   }
1182   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, definitely
1183   // promote all objects surviving "tenuring_default" scavenges.
1184   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxTenuringThreshold) &&
1185       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1186     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, MaxTenuringThreshold, tenuring_default);
1187   }
1188   // If we decided above (or user explicitly requested)
1189   // `promote all' (via MaxTenuringThreshold := 0),
1190   // prefer minuscule survivor spaces so as not to waste
1191   // space for (non-existent) survivors
1192   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio) && MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
1193     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, SurvivorRatio, MAX2((intx)1024, SurvivorRatio));
1194   }
1195   // If OldPLABSize is set and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim is not,
1196   // set CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim equal to OldPLABSize.
1197   // This is done in order to make ParNew+CMS configuration to work
1198   // with YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize options.
1199   // See CR 6362902.
1200   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1201     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim)) {
1202       // OldPLABSize is not the default value but CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim
1203       // is.  In this situtation let CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim follow
1204       // the value (either from the command line or ergonomics) of
1205       // OldPLABSize.  Following OldPLABSize is an ergonomics decision.
1206       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, OldPLABSize);
1207     } else {
1208       // OldPLABSize and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim are both set.
1209       // CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim is a collector-specific flag, so
1210       // we'll let it to take precedence.
1211       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1212                   "Both OldPLABSize and CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim"
1213                   " options are specified for the CMS collector."
1214                   " CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim will take precedence.\n");
1215     }
1216   }
1217   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ResizeOldPLAB) && !ResizeOldPLAB) {
1218     // OldPLAB sizing manually turned off: Use a larger default setting,
1219     // unless it was manually specified. This is because a too-low value
1220     // will slow down scavenges.
1221     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim)) {
1222       FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, 50); // default value before 6631166
1223     }
1224   }
1225   // Overwrite OldPLABSize which is the variable we will internally use everywhere.
1226   FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, OldPLABSize, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim);
1227   // If either of the static initialization defaults have changed, note this
1228   // modification.
1229   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABWeight)) {
1230     CFLS_LAB::modify_initialization(OldPLABSize, OldPLABWeight);
1231   }
1232   if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1233     tty->print_cr("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk",
1234       MarkStackSize / K, MarkStackSizeMax / K);
1235     tty->print_cr("ConcGCThreads: %u", ConcGCThreads);
1236   }
1237 }
1238 #endif // KERNEL
1239 
1240 void set_object_alignment() {
1241   // Object alignment.
1242   assert(is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes), "ObjectAlignmentInBytes must be power of 2");
1243   MinObjAlignmentInBytes     = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1244   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes >= HeapWordsPerLong * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is too small");
1245   MinObjAlignment            = MinObjAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
1246   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes == MinObjAlignment * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is incorrect");
1247   MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask = MinObjAlignmentInBytes - 1;
1248 
1249   LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes  = exact_log2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1250   LogMinObjAlignment         = LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
1251 
1252   // Oop encoding heap max
1253   OopEncodingHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1254 
1255 #ifndef KERNEL
1256   // Set CMS global values
1257   CompactibleFreeListSpace::set_cms_values();
1258 #endif // KERNEL
1259 }
1260 
1261 bool verify_object_alignment() {
1262   // Object alignment.
1263   if (!is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes)) {
1264     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1265                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must be power of 2\n",
1266                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1267     return false;
1268   }
1269   if ((int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes < BytesPerLong) {
1270     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1271                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must be greater or equal %d\n",
1272                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes, BytesPerLong);
1273     return false;
1274   }
1275   // It does not make sense to have big object alignment
1276   // since a space lost due to alignment will be greater
1277   // then a saved space from compressed oops.
1278   if ((int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes > 256) {
1279     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1280                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must not be greater then 256\n",
1281                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1282     return false;
1283   }
1284   // In case page size is very small.
1285   if ((int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes >= os::vm_page_size()) {
1286     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1287                 "error: ObjectAlignmentInBytes=%d must be less then page size %d\n",
1288                 (int)ObjectAlignmentInBytes, os::vm_page_size());
1289     return false;
1290   }
1291   return true;
1292 }
1293 
1294 inline uintx max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1295   // Avoid sign flip.
1296   if (OopEncodingHeapMax < MaxPermSize + os::vm_page_size()) {
1297     return 0;
1298   }
1299   LP64_ONLY(return OopEncodingHeapMax - MaxPermSize - os::vm_page_size());
1300   NOT_LP64(ShouldNotReachHere(); return 0);
1301 }
1302 
1303 bool Arguments::should_auto_select_low_pause_collector() {
1304   if (UseAutoGCSelectPolicy &&
1305       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxGCPauseMillis) &&
1306       (MaxGCPauseMillis <= AutoGCSelectPauseMillis)) {
1307     if (PrintGCDetails) {
1308       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1309       tty->print_cr("Automatic selection of the low pause collector"
1310        " based on pause goal of %d (ms)", MaxGCPauseMillis);
1311     }
1312     return true;
1313   }
1314   return false;
1315 }
1316 
1317 void Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1318   // Parallel GC is not compatible with sharing. If one specifies
1319   // that they want sharing explicitly, do not set ergonomics flags.
1320   if (DumpSharedSpaces || RequireSharedSpaces) {
1321     return;
1322   }
1323 
1324   if (os::is_server_class_machine() && !force_client_mode ) {
1325     // If no other collector is requested explicitly,
1326     // let the VM select the collector based on
1327     // machine class and automatic selection policy.
1328     if (!UseSerialGC &&
1329         !UseConcMarkSweepGC &&
1330         !UseG1GC &&
1331         !UseParNewGC &&
1332         !DumpSharedSpaces &&
1333         FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC)) {
1334       if (should_auto_select_low_pause_collector()) {
1335         FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
1336       } else {
1337         FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
1338       }
1339       no_shared_spaces();
1340     }
1341   }
1342 
1343 #ifndef ZERO
1344 #ifdef _LP64
1345   // Check that UseCompressedOops can be set with the max heap size allocated
1346   // by ergonomics.
1347   if (MaxHeapSize <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1348 #if !defined(COMPILER1) || defined(TIERED)
1349     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1350       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedOops, true);
1351     }
1352 #endif
1353 #ifdef _WIN64
1354     if (UseLargePages && UseCompressedOops) {
1355       // Cannot allocate guard pages for implicit checks in indexed addressing
1356       // mode, when large pages are specified on windows.
1357       // This flag could be switched ON if narrow oop base address is set to 0,
1358       // see code in Universe::initialize_heap().
1359       Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(false);
1360     }
1361 #endif //  _WIN64
1362   } else {
1363     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1364       warning("Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1365       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1366     }
1367   }
1368   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1369   // in vm_version initialization code.
1370 #endif // _LP64
1371 #endif // !ZERO
1372 }
1373 
1374 void Arguments::set_parallel_gc_flags() {
1375   assert(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC, "Error");
1376   // If parallel old was requested, automatically enable parallel scavenge.
1377   if (UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC)) {
1378     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC, true);
1379   }
1380 
1381   // If no heap maximum was requested explicitly, use some reasonable fraction
1382   // of the physical memory, up to a maximum of 1GB.
1383   if (UseParallelGC) {
1384     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, ParallelGCThreads,
1385                   Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1386 
1387     // If InitialSurvivorRatio or MinSurvivorRatio were not specified, but the
1388     // SurvivorRatio has been set, reset their default values to SurvivorRatio +
1389     // 2.  By doing this we make SurvivorRatio also work for Parallel Scavenger.
1390     // See CR 6362902 for details.
1391     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1392       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio)) {
1393          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1394       }
1395       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio)) {
1396         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1397       }
1398     }
1399 
1400     if (UseParallelOldGC) {
1401       // Par compact uses lower default values since they are treated as
1402       // minimums.  These are different defaults because of the different
1403       // interpretation and are not ergonomically set.
1404       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio)) {
1405         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio, 1);
1406       }
1407       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(PermMarkSweepDeadRatio)) {
1408         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(PermMarkSweepDeadRatio, 5);
1409       }
1410     }
1411   }
1412 }
1413 
1414 void Arguments::set_g1_gc_flags() {
1415   assert(UseG1GC, "Error");
1416 #ifdef COMPILER1
1417   FastTLABRefill = false;
1418 #endif
1419   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
1420                      Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1421   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1422     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
1423                      Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1424   }
1425   no_shared_spaces();
1426 
1427   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkStackSize)) {
1428     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkStackSize, 128 * TASKQUEUE_SIZE);
1429   }
1430   if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1431     tty->print_cr("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk",
1432       MarkStackSize / K, MarkStackSizeMax / K);
1433     tty->print_cr("ConcGCThreads: %u", ConcGCThreads);
1434   }
1435 
1436   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio) || GCTimeRatio == 0) {
1437     // In G1, we want the default GC overhead goal to be higher than
1438     // say in PS. So we set it here to 10%. Otherwise the heap might
1439     // be expanded more aggressively than we would like it to. In
1440     // fact, even 10% seems to not be high enough in some cases
1441     // (especially small GC stress tests that the main thing they do
1442     // is allocation). We might consider increase it further.
1443     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio, 9);
1444   }
1445 }
1446 
1447 void Arguments::set_heap_size() {
1448   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DefaultMaxRAMFraction)) {
1449     // Deprecated flag
1450     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxRAMFraction, DefaultMaxRAMFraction);
1451   }
1452 
1453   const julong phys_mem =
1454     FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM) ? MIN2(os::physical_memory(), (julong)MaxRAM)
1455                             : (julong)MaxRAM;
1456 
1457   // If the maximum heap size has not been set with -Xmx,
1458   // then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1459   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1460   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1461     julong reasonable_max = phys_mem / MaxRAMFraction;
1462 
1463     if (phys_mem <= MaxHeapSize * MinRAMFraction) {
1464       // Small physical memory, so use a minimum fraction of it for the heap
1465       reasonable_max = phys_mem / MinRAMFraction;
1466     } else {
1467       // Not-small physical memory, so require a heap at least
1468       // as large as MaxHeapSize
1469       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1470     }
1471     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ErgoHeapSizeLimit) && ErgoHeapSizeLimit != 0) {
1472       // Limit the heap size to ErgoHeapSizeLimit
1473       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, (julong)ErgoHeapSizeLimit);
1474     }
1475     if (UseCompressedOops) {
1476       // Limit the heap size to the maximum possible when using compressed oops
1477       julong max_coop_heap = (julong)max_heap_for_compressed_oops();
1478       if (HeapBaseMinAddress + MaxHeapSize < max_coop_heap) {
1479         // Heap should be above HeapBaseMinAddress to get zero based compressed oops
1480         // but it should be not less than default MaxHeapSize.
1481         max_coop_heap -= HeapBaseMinAddress;
1482       }
1483       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, max_coop_heap);
1484     }
1485     reasonable_max = os::allocatable_physical_memory(reasonable_max);
1486 
1487     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
1488       // An initial heap size was specified on the command line,
1489       // so be sure that the maximum size is consistent.  Done
1490       // after call to allocatable_physical_memory because that
1491       // method might reduce the allocation size.
1492       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)InitialHeapSize);
1493     }
1494 
1495     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1496       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1497       tty->print_cr("  Maximum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, reasonable_max);
1498     }
1499     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxHeapSize, (uintx)reasonable_max);
1500   }
1501 
1502   // If the initial_heap_size has not been set with InitialHeapSize
1503   // or -Xms, then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1504   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1505   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
1506     julong reasonable_minimum = (julong)(OldSize + NewSize);
1507 
1508     reasonable_minimum = MIN2(reasonable_minimum, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1509 
1510     reasonable_minimum = os::allocatable_physical_memory(reasonable_minimum);
1511 
1512     julong reasonable_initial = phys_mem / InitialRAMFraction;
1513 
1514     reasonable_initial = MAX2(reasonable_initial, reasonable_minimum);
1515     reasonable_initial = MIN2(reasonable_initial, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1516 
1517     reasonable_initial = os::allocatable_physical_memory(reasonable_initial);
1518 
1519     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1520       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1521       tty->print_cr("  Initial heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (uintx)reasonable_initial);
1522       tty->print_cr("  Minimum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (uintx)reasonable_minimum);
1523     }
1524     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialHeapSize, (uintx)reasonable_initial);
1525     set_min_heap_size((uintx)reasonable_minimum);
1526   }
1527 }
1528 
1529 // This must be called after ergonomics because we want bytecode rewriting
1530 // if the server compiler is used, or if UseSharedSpaces is disabled.
1531 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
1532   // Better not attempt to store into a read-only space.
1533   if (UseSharedSpaces) {
1534     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteBytecodes, false);
1535     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1536   }
1537 
1538   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
1539     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1540   }
1541 }
1542 
1543 // Aggressive optimization flags  -XX:+AggressiveOpts
1544 void Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
1545 #ifdef COMPILER2
1546   if (AggressiveOpts || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1547     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1548       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1549     }
1550     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1551       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax, 20000);
1552     }
1553 
1554     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
1555     char buffer[1024];
1556     sprintf(buffer, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=" INTX_FORMAT, AutoBoxCacheMax);
1557     add_property(buffer);
1558   }
1559   if (AggressiveOpts && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
1560     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
1561   }
1562   if (AggressiveOpts && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay)) {
1563     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay, 500);
1564   }
1565   if (AggressiveOpts && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OptimizeStringConcat)) {
1566     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OptimizeStringConcat, true);
1567   }
1568   if (AggressiveOpts && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OptimizeFill)) {
1569     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OptimizeFill, true);
1570   }
1571 #endif
1572 
1573   if (AggressiveOpts) {
1574 // Sample flag setting code
1575 //    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing)) {
1576 //      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing, true);
1577 //    }
1578   }
1579 }
1580 
1581 //===========================================================================================================
1582 // Parsing of java.compiler property
1583 
1584 void Arguments::process_java_compiler_argument(char* arg) {
1585   // For backwards compatibility, Djava.compiler=NONE or ""
1586   // causes us to switch to -Xint mode UNLESS -Xdebug
1587   // is also specified.
1588   if (strlen(arg) == 0 || strcasecmp(arg, "NONE") == 0) {
1589     set_java_compiler(true);    // "-Djava.compiler[=...]" most recently seen.
1590   }
1591 }
1592 
1593 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
1594   _sun_java_launcher = strdup(launcher);
1595   if (strcmp("gamma", _sun_java_launcher) == 0) {
1596     _created_by_gamma_launcher = true;
1597   }
1598 }
1599 
1600 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
1601   assert(_sun_java_launcher != NULL, "property must have value");
1602   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
1603 }
1604 
1605 bool Arguments::created_by_gamma_launcher() {
1606   return _created_by_gamma_launcher;
1607 }
1608 
1609 //===========================================================================================================
1610 // Parsing of main arguments
1611 
1612 bool Arguments::verify_interval(uintx val, uintx min,
1613                                 uintx max, const char* name) {
1614   // Returns true iff value is in the inclusive interval [min..max]
1615   // false, otherwise.
1616   if (val >= min && val <= max) {
1617     return true;
1618   }
1619   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1620               "%s of " UINTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be between " UINTX_FORMAT
1621               " and " UINTX_FORMAT "\n",
1622               name, val, min, max);
1623   return false;
1624 }
1625 
1626 bool Arguments::verify_min_value(intx val, intx min, const char* name) {
1627   // Returns true if given value is at least specified min threshold
1628   // false, otherwise.
1629   if (val >= min ) {
1630       return true;
1631   }
1632   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1633               "%s of " INTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be at least " INTX_FORMAT "\n",
1634               name, val, min);
1635   return false;
1636 }
1637 
1638 bool Arguments::verify_percentage(uintx value, const char* name) {
1639   if (value <= 100) {
1640     return true;
1641   }
1642   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1643               "%s of " UINTX_FORMAT " is invalid; must be between 0 and 100\n",
1644               name, value);
1645   return false;
1646 }
1647 
1648 static void force_serial_gc() {
1649   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSerialGC, true);
1650   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC, false);
1651   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
1652   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CMSIncrementalMode, false);  // special CMS suboption
1653   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC, false);
1654   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC, false);
1655   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseG1GC, false);
1656 }
1657 
1658 static bool verify_serial_gc_flags() {
1659   return (UseSerialGC &&
1660         !(UseParNewGC || (UseConcMarkSweepGC || CMSIncrementalMode) || UseG1GC ||
1661           UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC));
1662 }
1663 
1664 // Check consistency of GC selection
1665 bool Arguments::check_gc_consistency() {
1666   bool status = true;
1667   // Ensure that the user has not selected conflicting sets
1668   // of collectors. [Note: this check is merely a user convenience;
1669   // collectors over-ride each other so that only a non-conflicting
1670   // set is selected; however what the user gets is not what they
1671   // may have expected from the combination they asked for. It's
1672   // better to reduce user confusion by not allowing them to
1673   // select conflicting combinations.
1674   uint i = 0;
1675   if (UseSerialGC)                       i++;
1676   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC || UseParNewGC) i++;
1677   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) i++;
1678   if (UseG1GC)                           i++;
1679   if (i > 1) {
1680     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1681                 "Conflicting collector combinations in option list; "
1682                 "please refer to the release notes for the combinations "
1683                 "allowed\n");
1684     status = false;
1685   }
1686 
1687   return status;
1688 }
1689 
1690 // Check stack pages settings
1691 bool Arguments::check_stack_pages()
1692 {
1693   bool status = true;
1694   status = status && verify_min_value(StackYellowPages, 1, "StackYellowPages");
1695   status = status && verify_min_value(StackRedPages, 1, "StackRedPages");
1696   // greater stack shadow pages can't generate instruction to bang stack
1697   status = status && verify_interval(StackShadowPages, 1, 50, "StackShadowPages");
1698   return status;
1699 }
1700 
1701 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
1702 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
1703   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
1704   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
1705   // before returning an error.
1706   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
1707   bool status = true;
1708 
1709 #if ( (defined(COMPILER2) && defined(SPARC)))
1710   // NOTE: The call to VM_Version_init depends on the fact that VM_Version_init
1711   // on sparc doesn't require generation of a stub as is the case on, e.g.,
1712   // x86.  Normally, VM_Version_init must be called from init_globals in
1713   // init.cpp, which is called by the initial java thread *after* arguments
1714   // have been parsed.  VM_Version_init gets called twice on sparc.
1715   extern void VM_Version_init();
1716   VM_Version_init();
1717   if (!VM_Version::has_v9()) {
1718     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1719                 "V8 Machine detected, Server requires V9\n");
1720     status = false;
1721   }
1722 #endif /* COMPILER2 && SPARC */
1723 
1724   // Allow both -XX:-UseStackBanging and -XX:-UseBoundThreads in non-product
1725   // builds so the cost of stack banging can be measured.
1726 #if (defined(PRODUCT) && defined(SOLARIS))
1727   if (!UseBoundThreads && !UseStackBanging) {
1728     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1729                 "-UseStackBanging conflicts with -UseBoundThreads\n");
1730 
1731      status = false;
1732   }
1733 #endif
1734 
1735   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
1736     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1737                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
1738                 "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
1739                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
1740     status = false;
1741   }
1742 
1743   status = status && verify_percentage(AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight,
1744                               "AdaptiveSizePolicyWeight");
1745   status = status && verify_percentage(AdaptivePermSizeWeight, "AdaptivePermSizeWeight");
1746   status = status && verify_percentage(ThresholdTolerance, "ThresholdTolerance");
1747   status = status && verify_percentage(MinHeapFreeRatio, "MinHeapFreeRatio");
1748   status = status && verify_percentage(MaxHeapFreeRatio, "MaxHeapFreeRatio");
1749 
1750   if (MinHeapFreeRatio > MaxHeapFreeRatio) {
1751     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1752                 "MinHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ") must be less than or "
1753                 "equal to MaxHeapFreeRatio (" UINTX_FORMAT ")\n",
1754                 MinHeapFreeRatio, MaxHeapFreeRatio);
1755     status = false;
1756   }
1757   // Keeping the heap 100% free is hard ;-) so limit it to 99%.
1758   MinHeapFreeRatio = MIN2(MinHeapFreeRatio, (uintx) 99);
1759 
1760   if (FullGCALot && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount)) {
1761     MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount = 1;  // Move objects every gc.
1762   }
1763 
1764   if (UseParallelOldGC && ParallelOldGCSplitALot) {
1765     // Settings to encourage splitting.
1766     if (!FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(NewRatio)) {
1767       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, NewRatio, 2);
1768     }
1769     if (!FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
1770       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
1771     }
1772   }
1773 
1774   status = status && verify_percentage(GCHeapFreeLimit, "GCHeapFreeLimit");
1775   status = status && verify_percentage(GCTimeLimit, "GCTimeLimit");
1776   if (GCTimeLimit == 100) {
1777     // Turn off gc-overhead-limit-exceeded checks
1778     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
1779   }
1780 
1781   status = status && verify_percentage(GCHeapFreeLimit, "GCHeapFreeLimit");
1782 
1783   status = status && check_gc_consistency();
1784   status = status && check_stack_pages();
1785 
1786   if (_has_alloc_profile) {
1787     if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
1788       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1789                   "error:  invalid argument combination.\n"
1790                   "Allocation profiling (-Xaprof) cannot be used together with "
1791                   "Parallel GC (-XX:+UseParallelGC or -XX:+UseParallelOldGC).\n");
1792       status = false;
1793     }
1794     if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
1795       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1796                   "error:  invalid argument combination.\n"
1797                   "Allocation profiling (-Xaprof) cannot be used together with "
1798                   "the CMS collector (-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC).\n");
1799       status = false;
1800     }
1801   }
1802 
1803   if (CMSIncrementalMode) {
1804     if (!UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
1805       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1806                   "error:  invalid argument combination.\n"
1807                   "The CMS collector (-XX:+UseConcMarkSweepGC) must be "
1808                   "selected in order\nto use CMSIncrementalMode.\n");
1809       status = false;
1810     } else {
1811       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalDutyCycle,
1812                                   "CMSIncrementalDutyCycle");
1813       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalDutyCycleMin,
1814                                   "CMSIncrementalDutyCycleMin");
1815       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor,
1816                                   "CMSIncrementalSafetyFactor");
1817       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSIncrementalOffset,
1818                                   "CMSIncrementalOffset");
1819       status = status && verify_percentage(CMSExpAvgFactor,
1820                                   "CMSExpAvgFactor");
1821       // If it was not set on the command line, set
1822       // CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction to 1 so icms can initiate cycles early.
1823       if (CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction < 0) {
1824         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CMSInitiatingOccupancyFraction, 1);
1825       }
1826     }
1827   }
1828 
1829   // CMS space iteration, which FLSVerifyAllHeapreferences entails,
1830   // insists that we hold the requisite locks so that the iteration is
1831   // MT-safe. For the verification at start-up and shut-down, we don't
1832   // yet have a good way of acquiring and releasing these locks,
1833   // which are not visible at the CollectedHeap level. We want to
1834   // be able to acquire these locks and then do the iteration rather
1835   // than just disable the lock verification. This will be fixed under
1836   // bug 4788986.
1837   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences) {
1838     if (VerifyGCStartAt == 0) {
1839       warning("Heap verification at start-up disabled "
1840               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
1841       VerifyGCStartAt = 1;      // Disable verification at start-up
1842     }
1843     if (VerifyBeforeExit) {
1844       warning("Heap verification at shutdown disabled "
1845               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
1846       VerifyBeforeExit = false; // Disable verification at shutdown
1847     }
1848   }
1849 
1850   // Note: only executed in non-PRODUCT mode
1851   if (!UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC &&
1852       (ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent ||
1853        ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses)) {
1854     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1855                 "error: +ExplictGCInvokesConcurrent[AndUnloadsClasses] conflicts"
1856                 " with -UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC");
1857     status = false;
1858   }
1859 
1860   status = status && verify_min_value(ParGCArrayScanChunk, 1, "ParGCArrayScanChunk");
1861 
1862 #ifndef SERIALGC
1863   if (UseG1GC) {
1864     status = status && verify_percentage(InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent,
1865                                          "InitiatingHeapOccupancyPercent");
1866     status = status && verify_min_value(G1RefProcDrainInterval, 1,
1867                                         "G1RefProcDrainInterval");
1868     status = status && verify_min_value((intx)G1ConcMarkStepDurationMillis, 1,
1869                                         "G1ConcMarkStepDurationMillis");
1870   }
1871 #endif
1872 
1873   status = status && verify_interval(RefDiscoveryPolicy,
1874                                      ReferenceProcessor::DiscoveryPolicyMin,
1875                                      ReferenceProcessor::DiscoveryPolicyMax,
1876                                      "RefDiscoveryPolicy");
1877 
1878   // Limit the lower bound of this flag to 1 as it is used in a division
1879   // expression.
1880   status = status && verify_interval(TLABWasteTargetPercent,
1881                                      1, 100, "TLABWasteTargetPercent");
1882 
1883   status = status && verify_object_alignment();
1884 
1885   return status;
1886 }
1887 
1888 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
1889   const char* option_type) {
1890   if (ignore) return false;
1891 
1892   const char* spacer = " ";
1893   if (option_type == NULL) {
1894     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
1895   }
1896 
1897   if (os::obsolete_option(option)) {
1898     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1899                 "Obsolete %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
1900       option->optionString);
1901     return false;
1902   } else {
1903     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1904                 "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
1905       option->optionString);
1906     return true;
1907   }
1908 }
1909 
1910 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
1911   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", 0
1912 };
1913 
1914 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
1915   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", 0
1916 };
1917 
1918 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
1919 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
1920 // the option must match exactly.
1921 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
1922   bool tail_allowed) {
1923   for (/* empty */; *names != NULL; ++names) {
1924     if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
1925       if (**tail == '\0' || tail_allowed && **tail == ':') {
1926         return true;
1927       }
1928     }
1929   }
1930   return false;
1931 }
1932 
1933 bool Arguments::parse_uintx(const char* value,
1934                             uintx* uintx_arg,
1935                             uintx min_size) {
1936 
1937   // Check the sign first since atomull() parses only unsigned values.
1938   bool value_is_positive = !(*value == '-');
1939 
1940   if (value_is_positive) {
1941     julong n;
1942     bool good_return = atomull(value, &n);
1943     if (good_return) {
1944       bool above_minimum = n >= min_size;
1945       bool value_is_too_large = n > max_uintx;
1946 
1947       if (above_minimum && !value_is_too_large) {
1948         *uintx_arg = n;
1949         return true;
1950       }
1951     }
1952   }
1953   return false;
1954 }
1955 
1956 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
1957                                                   julong* long_arg,
1958                                                   julong min_size) {
1959   if (!atomull(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
1960   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size);
1961 }
1962 
1963 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
1964 
1965 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
1966   // For components of the system classpath.
1967   SysClassPath scp(Arguments::get_sysclasspath());
1968   bool scp_assembly_required = false;
1969 
1970   // Save default settings for some mode flags
1971   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1972   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
1973   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
1974   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
1975 
1976   // Parse JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment variable (if present)
1977   jint result = parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&scp, &scp_assembly_required);
1978   if (result != JNI_OK) {
1979     return result;
1980   }
1981 
1982   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in
1983   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(args, &scp, &scp_assembly_required, COMMAND_LINE);
1984   if (result != JNI_OK) {
1985     return result;
1986   }
1987 
1988   if (AggressiveOpts) {
1989     // Insert alt-rt.jar between user-specified bootclasspath
1990     // prefix and the default bootclasspath.  os::set_boot_path()
1991     // uses meta_index_dir as the default bootclasspath directory.
1992     const char* altclasses_jar = "alt-rt.jar";
1993     size_t altclasses_path_len = strlen(get_meta_index_dir()) + 1 +
1994                                  strlen(altclasses_jar);
1995     char* altclasses_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, altclasses_path_len);
1996     strcpy(altclasses_path, get_meta_index_dir());
1997     strcat(altclasses_path, altclasses_jar);
1998     scp.add_suffix_to_prefix(altclasses_path);
1999     scp_assembly_required = true;
2000     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, altclasses_path);
2001   }
2002 
2003   // Parse _JAVA_OPTIONS environment variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
2004   result = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&scp, &scp_assembly_required);
2005   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2006     return result;
2007   }
2008 
2009   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
2010   result = finalize_vm_init_args(&scp, scp_assembly_required);
2011   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2012     return result;
2013   }
2014 
2015   return JNI_OK;
2016 }
2017 
2018 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
2019                                        SysClassPath* scp_p,
2020                                        bool* scp_assembly_required_p,
2021                                        FlagValueOrigin origin) {
2022   // Remaining part of option string
2023   const char* tail;
2024 
2025   // iterate over arguments
2026   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2027     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
2028 
2029     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
2030 
2031     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
2032         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
2033         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
2034 
2035         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
2036         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
2037         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
2038         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
2039         // string constant object.
2040         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
2041     }
2042 
2043     // -verbose:[class/gc/jni]
2044     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
2045       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
2046         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassLoading, true);
2047         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassUnloading, true);
2048       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
2049         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true);
2050       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2051         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintJNIResolving, true);
2052       }
2053     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
2054     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
2055     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
2056     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
2057       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2058       if (*tail == '\0') {
2059         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
2060       } else {
2061         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
2062         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
2063       }
2064     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
2065     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
2066       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2067       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
2068     // -bootclasspath:
2069     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
2070       scp_p->reset_path(tail);
2071       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2072     // -bootclasspath/a:
2073     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
2074       scp_p->add_suffix(tail);
2075       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2076     // -bootclasspath/p:
2077     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
2078       scp_p->add_prefix(tail);
2079       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2080     // -Xrun
2081     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
2082       if (tail != NULL) {
2083         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
2084         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2085         char* name = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1), tail, len);
2086         name[len] = '\0';
2087 
2088         char *options = NULL;
2089         if(pos != NULL) {
2090           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
2091           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2), pos+1, len2);
2092         }
2093 #ifdef JVMTI_KERNEL
2094         if ((strcmp(name, "hprof") == 0) || (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0)) {
2095           warning("profiling and debugging agents are not supported with Kernel VM");
2096         } else
2097 #endif // JVMTI_KERNEL
2098         add_init_library(name, options);
2099       }
2100     // -agentlib and -agentpath
2101     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
2102           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
2103       if(tail != NULL) {
2104         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
2105         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2106         char* name = strncpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1), tail, len);
2107         name[len] = '\0';
2108 
2109         char *options = NULL;
2110         if(pos != NULL) {
2111           options = strcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(pos + 1) + 1), pos + 1);
2112         }
2113 #ifdef JVMTI_KERNEL
2114         if ((strcmp(name, "hprof") == 0) || (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0)) {
2115           warning("profiling and debugging agents are not supported with Kernel VM");
2116         } else
2117 #endif // JVMTI_KERNEL
2118         add_init_agent(name, options, is_absolute_path);
2119 
2120       }
2121     // -javaagent
2122     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
2123       if(tail != NULL) {
2124         char *options = strcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(tail) + 1), tail);
2125         add_init_agent("instrument", options, false);
2126       }
2127     // -Xnoclassgc
2128     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc", &tail)) {
2129       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloading, false);
2130     // -Xincgc: i-CMS
2131     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xincgc", &tail)) {
2132       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
2133       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSIncrementalMode, true);
2134     // -Xnoincgc: no i-CMS
2135     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoincgc", &tail)) {
2136       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
2137       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSIncrementalMode, false);
2138     // -Xconcgc
2139     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcgc", &tail)) {
2140       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
2141     // -Xnoconcgc
2142     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoconcgc", &tail)) {
2143       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false);
2144     // -Xbatch
2145     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch", &tail)) {
2146       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
2147     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
2148     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
2149       julong long_initial_eden_size = 0;
2150       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_eden_size, 1);
2151       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2152         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2153                     "Invalid initial eden size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2154         describe_range_error(errcode);
2155         return JNI_EINVAL;
2156       }
2157       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxNewSize, (uintx)long_initial_eden_size);
2158       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSize, (uintx)long_initial_eden_size);
2159     // -Xms
2160     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
2161       julong long_initial_heap_size = 0;
2162       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_heap_size, 1);
2163       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2164         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2165                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2166         describe_range_error(errcode);
2167         return JNI_EINVAL;
2168       }
2169       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, InitialHeapSize, (uintx)long_initial_heap_size);
2170       // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2171       set_min_heap_size(InitialHeapSize);
2172     // -Xmx
2173     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail)) {
2174       julong long_max_heap_size = 0;
2175       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
2176       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2177         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2178                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2179         describe_range_error(errcode);
2180         return JNI_EINVAL;
2181       }
2182       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapSize, (uintx)long_max_heap_size);
2183     // Xmaxf
2184     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
2185       int maxf = (int)(atof(tail) * 100);
2186       if (maxf < 0 || maxf > 100) {
2187         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2188                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2189                     option->optionString);
2190         return JNI_EINVAL;
2191       } else {
2192         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf);
2193       }
2194     // Xminf
2195     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
2196       int minf = (int)(atof(tail) * 100);
2197       if (minf < 0 || minf > 100) {
2198         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2199                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2200                     option->optionString);
2201         return JNI_EINVAL;
2202       } else {
2203         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, minf);
2204       }
2205     // -Xss
2206     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
2207       julong long_ThreadStackSize = 0;
2208       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ThreadStackSize, 1000);
2209       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2210         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2211                     "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2212         describe_range_error(errcode);
2213         return JNI_EINVAL;
2214       }
2215       // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
2216       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, ThreadStackSize,
2217                               round_to((int)long_ThreadStackSize, K) / K);
2218     // -Xoss
2219     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoss", &tail)) {
2220           // HotSpot does not have separate native and Java stacks, ignore silently for compatibility
2221     // -Xmaxjitcodesize
2222     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail) ||
2223                match_option(option, "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=", &tail)) {
2224       julong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
2225       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize,
2226                                             (size_t)InitialCodeCacheSize);
2227       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2228         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2229                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s. Should be greater than InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK\n",
2230                     option->optionString, InitialCodeCacheSize/K);
2231         describe_range_error(errcode);
2232         return JNI_EINVAL;
2233       }
2234       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize);
2235     // -green
2236     } else if (match_option(option, "-green", &tail)) {
2237       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2238                   "Green threads support not available\n");
2239           return JNI_EINVAL;
2240     // -native
2241     } else if (match_option(option, "-native", &tail)) {
2242           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
2243     // -Xsqnopause
2244     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xsqnopause", &tail)) {
2245           // EVM option, ignore silently for compatibility
2246     // -Xrs
2247     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs", &tail)) {
2248           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
2249       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, true);
2250     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xusealtsigs", &tail)) {
2251           // change default internal VM signals used - lower case for back compat
2252       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseAltSigs, true);
2253     // -Xoptimize
2254     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoptimize", &tail)) {
2255           // EVM option, ignore silently for compatibility
2256     // -Xprof
2257     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof", &tail)) {
2258 #ifndef FPROF_KERNEL
2259       _has_profile = true;
2260 #else // FPROF_KERNEL
2261       // do we have to exit?
2262       warning("Kernel VM does not support flat profiling.");
2263 #endif // FPROF_KERNEL
2264     // -Xaprof
2265     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xaprof", &tail)) {
2266       _has_alloc_profile = true;
2267     // -Xconcurrentio
2268     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcurrentio", &tail)) {
2269       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseLWPSynchronization, true);
2270       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false);
2271       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, DeferThrSuspendLoopCount, 1);
2272       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false);
2273       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSizeThreadIncrease, 16 * K);  // 20Kb per thread added to new generation
2274 
2275       // -Xinternalversion
2276     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion", &tail)) {
2277       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
2278                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
2279       vm_exit(0);
2280 #ifndef PRODUCT
2281     // -Xprintflags
2282     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags", &tail)) {
2283       CommandLineFlags::printFlags();
2284       vm_exit(0);
2285 #endif
2286     // -D
2287     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
2288       if (!add_property(tail)) {
2289         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2290       }
2291       // Out of the box management support
2292       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
2293         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ManagementServer, true);
2294       }
2295     // -Xint
2296     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint", &tail)) {
2297           set_mode_flags(_int);
2298     // -Xmixed
2299     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed", &tail)) {
2300           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2301     // -Xcomp
2302     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp", &tail)) {
2303       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
2304           set_mode_flags(_comp);
2305 
2306     // -Xshare:dump
2307     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump", &tail)) {
2308 #ifdef TIERED
2309       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true);
2310       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
2311 #elif defined(COMPILER2)
2312       vm_exit_during_initialization(
2313           "Dumping a shared archive is not supported on the Server JVM.", NULL);
2314 #elif defined(KERNEL)
2315       vm_exit_during_initialization(
2316           "Dumping a shared archive is not supported on the Kernel JVM.", NULL);
2317 #else
2318       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true);
2319       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
2320 #endif
2321     // -Xshare:on
2322     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on", &tail)) {
2323       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
2324       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true);
2325     // -Xshare:auto
2326     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto", &tail)) {
2327       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true);
2328       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false);
2329     // -Xshare:off
2330     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off", &tail)) {
2331       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, false);
2332       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false);
2333 
2334     // -Xverify
2335     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
2336       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
2337         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, true);
2338         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
2339       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
2340         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false);
2341         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true);
2342       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
2343         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false);
2344         FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, false);
2345       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
2346         return JNI_EINVAL;
2347       }
2348     // -Xdebug
2349     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug", &tail)) {
2350       // note this flag has been used, then ignore
2351       set_xdebug_mode(true);
2352     // -Xnoagent
2353     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoagent", &tail)) {
2354       // For compatibility with classic. HotSpot refuses to load the old style agent.dll.
2355     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xboundthreads", &tail)) {
2356       // Bind user level threads to kernel threads (Solaris only)
2357       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseBoundThreads, true);
2358     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
2359       // Redirect GC output to the file. -Xloggc:<filename>
2360       // ostream_init_log(), when called will use this filename
2361       // to initialize a fileStream.
2362       _gc_log_filename = strdup(tail);
2363       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true);
2364       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGCTimeStamps, true);
2365       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassUnloading, true);
2366 
2367     // JNI hooks
2368     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
2369       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2370         CheckJNICalls = true;
2371       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
2372                                      "check")) {
2373         return JNI_EINVAL;
2374       }
2375     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf", &tail)) {
2376       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2377     } else if (match_option(option, "exit", &tail)) {
2378       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2379     } else if (match_option(option, "abort", &tail)) {
2380       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2381     // -XX:+AggressiveHeap
2382     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AggressiveHeap", &tail)) {
2383 
2384       // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
2385       // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
2386       // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
2387       // amounts of cpu and memory.
2388 
2389       // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
2390       // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
2391       // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
2392       // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
2393       // calculations.
2394       julong initHeapSize;
2395       julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
2396 
2397       if (total_memory < (julong)256*M) {
2398         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2399                     "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
2400         vm_exit(1);
2401       }
2402 
2403       // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
2404       // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
2405       // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
2406       // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
2407 
2408       initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong)2,
2409                           total_memory - (julong)160*M);
2410 
2411       // Make sure that if we have a lot of memory we cap the 32 bit
2412       // process space.  The 64bit VM version of this function is a nop.
2413       initHeapSize = os::allocatable_physical_memory(initHeapSize);
2414 
2415       // The perm gen is separate but contiguous with the
2416       // object heap (and is reserved with it) so subtract it
2417       // from the heap size.
2418       if (initHeapSize > MaxPermSize) {
2419         initHeapSize = initHeapSize - MaxPermSize;
2420       } else {
2421         warning("AggressiveHeap and MaxPermSize values may conflict");
2422       }
2423 
2424       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
2425          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize);
2426          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, InitialHeapSize, initHeapSize);
2427          // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2428          set_min_heap_size(initHeapSize);
2429       }
2430       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
2431          // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
2432          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewSize,
2433                                 ((julong)MaxHeapSize / (julong)8) * (julong)3);
2434          FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxNewSize, NewSize);
2435       }
2436 
2437       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
2438 
2439       // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
2440       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, BaseFootPrintEstimate, MaxHeapSize);
2441       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false);
2442       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, TLABSize, 256*K);
2443 
2444       // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
2445       // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
2446       // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
2447       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, YoungPLABSize, 256*K);      // Note: this is in words
2448 
2449       // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
2450       // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
2451       // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
2452       // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
2453       // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
2454       // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
2455       // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
2456       // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
2457       // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
2458       // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
2459       // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
2460       // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
2461       // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
2462       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, OldPLABSize, 8*K);  // Note: this is in words
2463 
2464       // CompilationPolicyChoice=0 causes the server compiler to adopt
2465       // a more conservative which-method-do-I-compile policy when one
2466       // of the counters maintained by the interpreter trips.  The
2467       // result is reduced startup time and improved specjbb and
2468       // alacrity performance.  Zero is the default, but we set it
2469       // explicitly here in case the default changes.
2470       // See runtime/compilationPolicy.*.
2471       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, CompilationPolicyChoice, 0);
2472 
2473       // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
2474       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
2475       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
2476                        Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
2477 
2478       // Encourage steady state memory management
2479       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ThresholdTolerance, 100);
2480 
2481       // This appears to improve mutator locality
2482       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2483 
2484       // Get around early Solaris scheduling bug
2485       // (affinity vs other jobs on system)
2486       // but disallow DR and offlining (5008695).
2487       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs, true);
2488 
2489     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure", &tail)) {
2490       // The last option must always win.
2491       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false);
2492       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, true);
2493     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure", &tail)) {
2494       // The last option must always win.
2495       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false);
2496       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true);
2497     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled", &tail) ||
2498                match_option(option, "-XX:-CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled", &tail)) {
2499       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2500         "Please use CMSClassUnloadingEnabled in place of "
2501         "CMSPermGenSweepingEnabled in the future\n");
2502     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseGCTimeLimit", &tail)) {
2503       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseGCOverheadLimit, true);
2504       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2505         "Please use -XX:+UseGCOverheadLimit in place of "
2506         "-XX:+UseGCTimeLimit in the future\n");
2507     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UseGCTimeLimit", &tail)) {
2508       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
2509       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2510         "Please use -XX:-UseGCOverheadLimit in place of "
2511         "-XX:-UseGCTimeLimit in the future\n");
2512     // The TLE options are for compatibility with 1.3 and will be
2513     // removed without notice in a future release.  These options
2514     // are not to be documented.
2515     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTLERatio=", &tail)) {
2516       // No longer used.
2517     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ResizeTLE", &tail)) {
2518       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, true);
2519     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-ResizeTLE", &tail)) {
2520       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false);
2521     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintTLE", &tail)) {
2522       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintTLAB, true);
2523     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintTLE", &tail)) {
2524       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintTLAB, false);
2525     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLEFragmentationRatio=", &tail)) {
2526       // No longer used.
2527     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLESize=", &tail)) {
2528       julong long_tlab_size = 0;
2529       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_tlab_size, 1);
2530       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2531         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2532                     "Invalid TLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2533         describe_range_error(errcode);
2534         return JNI_EINVAL;
2535       }
2536       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, TLABSize, long_tlab_size);
2537     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:TLEThreadRatio=", &tail)) {
2538       // No longer used.
2539     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UseTLE", &tail)) {
2540       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, true);
2541     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UseTLE", &tail)) {
2542       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false);
2543 SOLARIS_ONLY(
2544     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+UsePermISM", &tail)) {
2545       warning("-XX:+UsePermISM is obsolete.");
2546       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseISM, true);
2547     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-UsePermISM", &tail)) {
2548       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseISM, false);
2549 )
2550     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr", &tail)) {
2551       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false);
2552       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true);
2553     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout", &tail)) {
2554       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false);
2555       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true);
2556     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExtendedDTraceProbes", &tail)) {
2557 #ifdef SOLARIS
2558       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes, true);
2559       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, true);
2560       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, true);
2561       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, true);
2562 #else // ndef SOLARIS
2563       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2564                   "ExtendedDTraceProbes flag is only applicable on Solaris\n");
2565       return JNI_EINVAL;
2566 #endif // ndef SOLARIS
2567 #ifdef ASSERT
2568     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot", &tail)) {
2569       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, FullGCALot, true);
2570       // disable scavenge before parallel mark-compact
2571       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2572 #endif
2573     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim=", &tail)) {
2574       julong cms_blocks_to_claim = (julong)atol(tail);
2575       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, cms_blocks_to_claim);
2576       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2577         "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
2578         "-XX:CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim in the future\n");
2579     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParCMSPromoteBlocksToClaim=", &tail)) {
2580       julong cms_blocks_to_claim = (julong)atol(tail);
2581       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim, cms_blocks_to_claim);
2582       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2583         "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
2584         "-XX:ParCMSPromoteBlocksToClaim in the future\n");
2585     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelGCOldGenAllocBufferSize=", &tail)) {
2586       julong old_plab_size = 0;
2587       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &old_plab_size, 1);
2588       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2589         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2590                     "Invalid old PLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2591         describe_range_error(errcode);
2592         return JNI_EINVAL;
2593       }
2594       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, OldPLABSize, old_plab_size);
2595       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2596                   "Please use -XX:OldPLABSize in place of "
2597                   "-XX:ParallelGCOldGenAllocBufferSize in the future\n");
2598     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelGCToSpaceAllocBufferSize=", &tail)) {
2599       julong young_plab_size = 0;
2600       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &young_plab_size, 1);
2601       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2602         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2603                     "Invalid young PLAB size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2604         describe_range_error(errcode);
2605         return JNI_EINVAL;
2606       }
2607       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, YoungPLABSize, young_plab_size);
2608       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2609                   "Please use -XX:YoungPLABSize in place of "
2610                   "-XX:ParallelGCToSpaceAllocBufferSize in the future\n");
2611     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSMarkStackSize=", &tail) ||
2612                match_option(option, "-XX:G1MarkStackSize=", &tail)) {
2613       julong stack_size = 0;
2614       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &stack_size, 1);
2615       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2616         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2617                     "Invalid mark stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2618         describe_range_error(errcode);
2619         return JNI_EINVAL;
2620       }
2621       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MarkStackSize, stack_size);
2622     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSMarkStackSizeMax=", &tail)) {
2623       julong max_stack_size = 0;
2624       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &max_stack_size, 1);
2625       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2626         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2627                     "Invalid maximum mark stack size: %s\n",
2628                     option->optionString);
2629         describe_range_error(errcode);
2630         return JNI_EINVAL;
2631       }
2632       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MarkStackSizeMax, max_stack_size);
2633     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelMarkingThreads=", &tail) ||
2634                match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelCMSThreads=", &tail)) {
2635       uintx conc_threads = 0;
2636       if (!parse_uintx(tail, &conc_threads, 1)) {
2637         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2638                     "Invalid concurrent threads: %s\n", option->optionString);
2639         return JNI_EINVAL;
2640       }
2641       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ConcGCThreads, conc_threads);
2642     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
2643       // Skip -XX:Flags= since that case has already been handled
2644       if (strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) {
2645         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
2646           return JNI_EINVAL;
2647         }
2648       }
2649     // Unknown option
2650     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
2651       return JNI_ERR;
2652     }
2653   }
2654   // Change the default value for flags  which have different default values
2655   // when working with older JDKs.
2656   if (JDK_Version::current().compare_major(6) <= 0 &&
2657       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseVMInterruptibleIO)) {
2658     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseVMInterruptibleIO, true);
2659   }
2660 #ifdef LINUX
2661  if (JDK_Version::current().compare_major(6) <= 0 &&
2662       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks)) {
2663     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks, false);
2664   }
2665 #endif // LINUX
2666   return JNI_OK;
2667 }
2668 
2669 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool scp_assembly_required) {
2670   // This must be done after all -D arguments have been processed.
2671   scp_p->expand_endorsed();
2672 
2673   if (scp_assembly_required || scp_p->get_endorsed() != NULL) {
2674     // Assemble the bootclasspath elements into the final path.
2675     Arguments::set_sysclasspath(scp_p->combined_path());
2676   }
2677 
2678   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed.
2679   // java_compiler() true means set to "NONE" or empty.
2680   if (java_compiler() && !xdebug_mode()) {
2681     // For backwards compatibility, we switch to interpreted mode if
2682     // -Djava.compiler="NONE" or "" is specified AND "-Xdebug" was
2683     // not specified.
2684     set_mode_flags(_int);
2685   }
2686   if (CompileThreshold == 0) {
2687     set_mode_flags(_int);
2688   }
2689 
2690 #ifndef COMPILER2
2691   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
2692   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
2693       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
2694     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
2695     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
2696     // Java heap and the code cache.
2697     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
2698     SOLARIS_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseMPSS, false));
2699     SOLARIS_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseISM, false));
2700   }
2701 
2702   // Tiered compilation is undefined with C1.
2703   TieredCompilation = false;
2704 #else
2705   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OptoLoopAlignment) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad)) {
2706     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad, OptoLoopAlignment-1);
2707   }
2708 #endif
2709 
2710   // If we are running in a headless jre, force java.awt.headless property
2711   // to be true unless the property has already been set.
2712   // Also allow the OS environment variable JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS to set headless state.
2713   if (os::is_headless_jre()) {
2714     const char* headless = Arguments::get_property("java.awt.headless");
2715     if (headless == NULL) {
2716       char envbuffer[128];
2717       if (!os::getenv("JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS", envbuffer, sizeof(envbuffer))) {
2718         if (!add_property("java.awt.headless=true")) {
2719           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2720         }
2721       } else {
2722         char buffer[256];
2723         strcpy(buffer, "java.awt.headless=");
2724         strcat(buffer, envbuffer);
2725         if (!add_property(buffer)) {
2726           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2727         }
2728       }
2729     }
2730   }
2731 
2732   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
2733     return JNI_ERR;
2734   }
2735 
2736   return JNI_OK;
2737 }
2738 
2739 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
2740   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", scp_p,
2741                                             scp_assembly_required_p);
2742 }
2743 
2744 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
2745   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", scp_p,
2746                                             scp_assembly_required_p);
2747 }
2748 
2749 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name, SysClassPath* scp_p, bool* scp_assembly_required_p) {
2750   const int N_MAX_OPTIONS = 64;
2751   const int OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
2752   char buffer[OPTION_BUFFER_SIZE];
2753 
2754   // The variable will be ignored if it exceeds the length of the buffer.
2755   // Don't check this variable if user has special privileges
2756   // (e.g. unix su command).
2757   if (os::getenv(name, buffer, sizeof(buffer)) &&
2758       !os::have_special_privileges()) {
2759     JavaVMOption options[N_MAX_OPTIONS];      // Construct option array
2760     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2761                 "Picked up %s: %s\n", name, buffer);
2762     char* rd = buffer;                        // pointer to the input string (rd)
2763     int i;
2764     for (i = 0; i < N_MAX_OPTIONS;) {         // repeat for all options in the input string
2765       while (isspace(*rd)) rd++;              // skip whitespace
2766       if (*rd == 0) break;                    // we re done when the input string is read completely
2767 
2768       // The output, option string, overwrites the input string.
2769       // Because of quoting, the pointer to the option string (wrt) may lag the pointer to
2770       // input string (rd).
2771       char* wrt = rd;
2772 
2773       options[i++].optionString = wrt;        // Fill in option
2774       while (*rd != 0 && !isspace(*rd)) {     // unquoted strings terminate with a space or NULL
2775         if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
2776           int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
2777           rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
2778           while (*rd != quote) {              // include everything (even spaces) up until quote
2779             if (*rd == 0) {                   // string termination means unmatched string
2780               jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2781                           "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
2782               return JNI_ERR;
2783             }
2784             *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
2785           }
2786           rd++;                               // don't copy close quote
2787         } else {
2788           *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
2789         }
2790       }
2791       // Need to check if we're done before writing a NULL,
2792       // because the write could be to the byte that rd is pointing to.
2793       if (*rd++ == 0) {
2794         *wrt = 0;
2795         break;
2796       }
2797       *wrt = 0;                               // Zero terminate option
2798     }
2799     // Construct JavaVMInitArgs structure and parse as if it was part of the command line
2800     JavaVMInitArgs vm_args;
2801     vm_args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
2802     vm_args.options = options;
2803     vm_args.nOptions = i;
2804     vm_args.ignoreUnrecognized = IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions;
2805 
2806     if (PrintVMOptions) {
2807       const char* tail;
2808       for (int i = 0; i < vm_args.nOptions; i++) {
2809         const JavaVMOption *option = vm_args.options + i;
2810         if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
2811           logOption(tail);
2812         }
2813       }
2814     }
2815 
2816     return(parse_each_vm_init_arg(&vm_args, scp_p, scp_assembly_required_p, ENVIRON_VAR));
2817   }
2818   return JNI_OK;
2819 }
2820 
2821 void Arguments::set_shared_spaces_flags() {
2822   // Check whether class data sharing settings conflict with GC, compressed oops
2823   // or page size, and fix them up.  Explicit sharing options override other
2824   // settings.
2825   const bool cannot_share = UseConcMarkSweepGC || CMSIncrementalMode ||
2826     UseG1GC || UseParNewGC || UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC ||
2827     UseCompressedOops || UseLargePages && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseLargePages);
2828   const bool must_share = DumpSharedSpaces || RequireSharedSpaces;
2829   const bool might_share = must_share || UseSharedSpaces;
2830   if (cannot_share) {
2831     if (must_share) {
2832       warning("selecting serial gc and disabling large pages %s"
2833               "because of %s", "" LP64_ONLY("and compressed oops "),
2834               DumpSharedSpaces ? "-Xshare:dump" : "-Xshare:on");
2835       force_serial_gc();
2836       FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseLargePages, false);
2837       LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseCompressedOops, false));
2838     } else {
2839       if (UseSharedSpaces && Verbose) {
2840         warning("turning off use of shared archive because of "
2841                 "choice of garbage collector or large pages");
2842       }
2843       no_shared_spaces();
2844     }
2845   } else if (UseLargePages && might_share) {
2846     // Disable large pages to allow shared spaces.  This is sub-optimal, since
2847     // there may not even be a shared archive to use.
2848     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
2849   }
2850 }
2851 
2852 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
2853 
2854 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
2855 
2856   // Sharing support
2857   // Construct the path to the archive
2858   char jvm_path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
2859   os::jvm_path(jvm_path, sizeof(jvm_path));
2860 #ifdef TIERED
2861   if (strstr(jvm_path, "client") != NULL) {
2862     force_client_mode = true;
2863   }
2864 #endif // TIERED
2865   char *end = strrchr(jvm_path, *os::file_separator());
2866   if (end != NULL) *end = '\0';
2867   char *shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(jvm_path) +
2868                                         strlen(os::file_separator()) + 20);
2869   if (shared_archive_path == NULL) return JNI_ENOMEM;
2870   strcpy(shared_archive_path, jvm_path);
2871   strcat(shared_archive_path, os::file_separator());
2872   strcat(shared_archive_path, "classes");
2873   DEBUG_ONLY(strcat(shared_archive_path, "_g");)
2874   strcat(shared_archive_path, ".jsa");
2875   SharedArchivePath = shared_archive_path;
2876 
2877   // Remaining part of option string
2878   const char* tail;
2879 
2880   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
2881   bool settings_file_specified = false;
2882   const char* flags_file;
2883   int index;
2884   for (index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2885     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
2886     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
2887       flags_file = tail;
2888       settings_file_specified = true;
2889     }
2890     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions", &tail)) {
2891       PrintVMOptions = true;
2892     }
2893     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintVMOptions", &tail)) {
2894       PrintVMOptions = false;
2895     }
2896     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", &tail)) {
2897       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = true;
2898     }
2899     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions", &tail)) {
2900       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false;
2901     }
2902     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial", &tail)) {
2903       CommandLineFlags::printFlags();
2904       vm_exit(0);
2905     }
2906 
2907 #ifndef PRODUCT
2908     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsWithComments", &tail)) {
2909       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(true);
2910       vm_exit(0);
2911     }
2912 #endif
2913   }
2914 
2915   if (IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions) {
2916     // uncast const to modify the flag args->ignoreUnrecognized
2917     *(jboolean*)(&args->ignoreUnrecognized) = true;
2918   }
2919 
2920   // Parse specified settings file
2921   if (settings_file_specified) {
2922     if (!process_settings_file(flags_file, true, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
2923       return JNI_EINVAL;
2924     }
2925   }
2926 
2927   // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
2928   if (!settings_file_specified) {
2929     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
2930       return JNI_EINVAL;
2931     }
2932   }
2933 
2934   if (PrintVMOptions) {
2935     for (index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2936       const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
2937       if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
2938         logOption(tail);
2939       }
2940     }
2941   }
2942 
2943   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
2944   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(args);
2945   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2946     return result;
2947   }
2948 
2949 #ifndef PRODUCT
2950   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
2951     TraceBytecodes = true;
2952   }
2953   if (CountCompiledCalls) {
2954     if (UseCounterDecay) {
2955       warning("UseCounterDecay disabled because CountCalls is set");
2956       UseCounterDecay = false;
2957     }
2958   }
2959 #endif // PRODUCT
2960 
2961   if (EnableInvokeDynamic && !EnableMethodHandles) {
2962     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EnableMethodHandles)) {
2963       warning("forcing EnableMethodHandles true because EnableInvokeDynamic is true");
2964     }
2965     EnableMethodHandles = true;
2966   }
2967   if (EnableMethodHandles && !AnonymousClasses) {
2968     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AnonymousClasses)) {
2969       warning("forcing AnonymousClasses true because EnableMethodHandles is true");
2970     }
2971     AnonymousClasses = true;
2972   }
2973   if ((EnableMethodHandles || AnonymousClasses) && ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
2974     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
2975       warning("forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero because EnableMethodHandles or AnonymousClasses is true");
2976     }
2977     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
2978   }
2979   if (!JavaObjectsInPerm && ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
2980     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
2981       warning("forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero because JavaObjectsInPerm is false");
2982     }
2983     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
2984   }
2985 
2986   if (PrintGCDetails) {
2987     // Turn on -verbose:gc options as well
2988     PrintGC = true;
2989   }
2990 
2991   // Set object alignment values.
2992   set_object_alignment();
2993 
2994 #ifdef SERIALGC
2995   force_serial_gc();
2996 #endif // SERIALGC
2997 #ifdef KERNEL
2998   no_shared_spaces();
2999 #endif // KERNEL
3000 
3001   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
3002   set_ergonomics_flags();
3003 
3004   set_shared_spaces_flags();
3005 
3006   // Check the GC selections again.
3007   if (!check_gc_consistency()) {
3008     return JNI_EINVAL;
3009   }
3010 
3011   if (TieredCompilation) {
3012     set_tiered_flags();
3013   } else {
3014     // Check if the policy is valid. Policies 0 and 1 are valid for non-tiered setup.
3015     if (CompilationPolicyChoice >= 2) {
3016       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3017         "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
3018     }
3019   }
3020 
3021 #ifndef KERNEL
3022   // Set heap size based on available physical memory
3023   set_heap_size();
3024   // Set per-collector flags
3025   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
3026     set_parallel_gc_flags();
3027   } else if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) { // should be done before ParNew check below
3028     set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags();
3029   } else if (UseParNewGC) {  // skipped if CMS is set above
3030     set_parnew_gc_flags();
3031   } else if (UseG1GC) {
3032     set_g1_gc_flags();
3033   }
3034 #endif // KERNEL
3035 
3036 #ifdef SERIALGC
3037   assert(verify_serial_gc_flags(), "SerialGC unset");
3038 #endif // SERIALGC
3039 
3040   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
3041   set_bytecode_flags();
3042 
3043   // Set flags if Aggressive optimization flags (-XX:+AggressiveOpts) enabled.
3044   set_aggressive_opts_flags();
3045 
3046   // Turn off biased locking for locking debug mode flags,
3047   // which are subtlely different from each other but neither works with
3048   // biased locking.
3049   if (UseHeavyMonitors
3050 #ifdef COMPILER1
3051       || !UseFastLocking
3052 #endif // COMPILER1
3053     ) {
3054     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking) && UseBiasedLocking) {
3055       // flag set to true on command line; warn the user that they
3056       // can't enable biased locking here
3057       warning("Biased Locking is not supported with locking debug flags"
3058               "; ignoring UseBiasedLocking flag." );
3059     }
3060     UseBiasedLocking = false;
3061   }
3062 
3063 #ifdef CC_INTERP
3064   // Clear flags not supported by the C++ interpreter
3065   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ProfileInterpreter, false);
3066   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking, false);
3067   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false));
3068 #endif // CC_INTERP
3069 
3070 #ifdef COMPILER2
3071   if (!UseBiasedLocking || EmitSync != 0) {
3072     UseOptoBiasInlining = false;
3073   }
3074 #endif
3075 
3076   if (PrintAssembly && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DebugNonSafepoints)) {
3077     warning("PrintAssembly is enabled; turning on DebugNonSafepoints to gain additional output");
3078     DebugNonSafepoints = true;
3079   }
3080 
3081 #ifndef PRODUCT
3082   if (CompileTheWorld) {
3083     // Force NmethodSweeper to sweep whole CodeCache each time.
3084     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NmethodSweepFraction)) {
3085       NmethodSweepFraction = 1;
3086     }
3087   }
3088 #endif
3089 
3090   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
3091     CommandLineFlags::printSetFlags();
3092   }
3093 
3094   // Apply CPU specific policy for the BiasedLocking
3095   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
3096     if (!VM_Version::use_biased_locking() &&
3097         !(FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseBiasedLocking))) {
3098       UseBiasedLocking = false;
3099     }
3100   }
3101 
3102   // set PauseAtExit if the gamma launcher was used and a debugger is attached
3103   // but only if not already set on the commandline
3104   if (Arguments::created_by_gamma_launcher() && os::is_debugger_attached()) {
3105     bool set = false;
3106     CommandLineFlags::wasSetOnCmdline("PauseAtExit", &set);
3107     if (!set) {
3108       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(PauseAtExit, true);
3109     }
3110   }
3111 
3112   return JNI_OK;
3113 }
3114 
3115 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
3116   int count = 0;
3117   while(pl != NULL) {
3118     count++;
3119     pl = pl->next();
3120   }
3121   return count;
3122 }
3123 
3124 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
3125   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
3126   SystemProperty* prop;
3127   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
3128     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
3129   }
3130   return NULL;
3131 }
3132 
3133 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_key_at(SystemProperty *pl, int index) {
3134   int count = 0;
3135   const char* ret_val = NULL;
3136 
3137   while(pl != NULL) {
3138     if(count >= index) {
3139       ret_val = pl->key();
3140       break;
3141     }
3142     count++;
3143     pl = pl->next();
3144   }
3145 
3146   return ret_val;
3147 }
3148 
3149 char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value_at(SystemProperty* pl, int index) {
3150   int count = 0;
3151   char* ret_val = NULL;
3152 
3153   while(pl != NULL) {
3154     if(count >= index) {
3155       ret_val = pl->value();
3156       break;
3157     }
3158     count++;
3159     pl = pl->next();
3160   }
3161 
3162   return ret_val;
3163 }
3164 
3165 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
3166   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
3167   if (p == NULL) {
3168     *plist = new_p;
3169   } else {
3170     while (p->next() != NULL) {
3171       p = p->next();
3172     }
3173     p->set_next(new_p);
3174   }
3175 }
3176 
3177 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v) {
3178   if (plist == NULL)
3179     return;
3180 
3181   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, true);
3182   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
3183 }
3184 
3185 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
3186 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v, jboolean append) {
3187   if (plist == NULL)
3188     return;
3189 
3190   // If property key exist then update with new value.
3191   SystemProperty* prop;
3192   for (prop = *plist; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
3193     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
3194       if (append) {
3195         prop->append_value(v);
3196       } else {
3197         prop->set_value(v);
3198       }
3199       return;
3200     }
3201   }
3202 
3203   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v);
3204 }
3205 
3206 #ifdef KERNEL
3207 char *Arguments::get_kernel_properties() {
3208   // Find properties starting with kernel and append them to string
3209   // We need to find out how long they are first because the URL's that they
3210   // might point to could get long.
3211   int length = 0;
3212   SystemProperty* prop;
3213   for (prop = _system_properties; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
3214     if (strncmp(prop->key(), "kernel.", 7 ) == 0) {
3215       length += (strlen(prop->key()) + strlen(prop->value()) + 5);  // "-D ="
3216     }
3217   }
3218   // Add one for null terminator.
3219   char *props = AllocateHeap(length + 1, "get_kernel_properties");
3220   if (length != 0) {
3221     int pos = 0;
3222     for (prop = _system_properties; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
3223       if (strncmp(prop->key(), "kernel.", 7 ) == 0) {
3224         jio_snprintf(&props[pos], length-pos,
3225                      "-D%s=%s ", prop->key(), prop->value());
3226         pos = strlen(props);
3227       }
3228     }
3229   }
3230   // null terminate props in case of null
3231   props[length] = '\0';
3232   return props;
3233 }
3234 #endif // KERNEL
3235 
3236 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
3237 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
3238 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
3239 // Notes:
3240 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
3241 // NULL terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
3242 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
3243 // expanded one.
3244 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
3245 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
3246                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
3247   const char* p = src;
3248   char* b = buf;
3249   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
3250   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
3251 
3252   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
3253     if (*p == '%') {
3254       switch (*(++p)) {
3255       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
3256         *b++ = *p++;
3257         break;
3258       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
3259         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
3260         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
3261         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
3262         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
3263 
3264         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
3265         // the expanded pid, returns false.
3266         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
3267           return false;
3268         } else {
3269           b += ret;
3270           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
3271           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
3272             // reach the end of the buffer.
3273             return true;
3274           }
3275         }
3276         p++;
3277         break;
3278       }
3279       default :
3280         *b++ = '%';
3281       }
3282     } else {
3283       *b++ = *p++;
3284     }
3285   }
3286   *b = '\0';
3287   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
3288 }