1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1994, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
8 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
9 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
10 *
11 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
12 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
13 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
14 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
15 * accompanied this code).
16 *
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
18 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
19 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
20 *
21 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
22 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
23 * questions.
24 */
25
26 package java.lang;
27
28 import java.lang.reflect.Array;
29 import java.lang.reflect.GenericArrayType;
30 import java.lang.reflect.Member;
31 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
32 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
33 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
34 import java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration;
35 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
36 import java.lang.reflect.Type;
37 import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
38 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
39 import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
40 import java.io.InputStream;
41 import java.io.ObjectStreamField;
42 import java.security.AccessController;
43 import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
44 import java.util.ArrayList;
45 import java.util.Arrays;
46 import java.util.Collection;
47 import java.util.HashSet;
48 import java.util.Iterator;
49 import java.util.List;
50 import java.util.LinkedList;
51 import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
52 import java.util.Set;
53 import java.util.Map;
54 import java.util.HashMap;
55 import sun.misc.Unsafe;
56 import sun.reflect.ConstantPool;
57 import sun.reflect.Reflection;
58 import sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory;
59 import sun.reflect.SignatureIterator;
60 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.CoreReflectionFactory;
61 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.GenericsFactory;
62 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ClassRepository;
63 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.MethodRepository;
64 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ConstructorRepository;
65 import sun.reflect.generics.scope.ClassScope;
66 import sun.security.util.SecurityConstants;
67 import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
68 import sun.reflect.annotation.*;
69
70 /**
71 * Instances of the class {@code Class} represent classes and
72 * interfaces in a running Java application. An enum is a kind of
73 * class and an annotation is a kind of interface. Every array also
74 * belongs to a class that is reflected as a {@code Class} object
75 * that is shared by all arrays with the same element type and number
76 * of dimensions. The primitive Java types ({@code boolean},
77 * {@code byte}, {@code char}, {@code short},
78 * {@code int}, {@code long}, {@code float}, and
79 * {@code double}), and the keyword {@code void} are also
80 * represented as {@code Class} objects.
81 *
82 * <p> {@code Class} has no public constructor. Instead {@code Class}
83 * objects are constructed automatically by the Java Virtual Machine as classes
84 * are loaded and by calls to the {@code defineClass} method in the class
85 * loader.
86 *
87 * <p> The following example uses a {@code Class} object to print the
88 * class name of an object:
89 *
90 * <p> <blockquote><pre>
91 * void printClassName(Object obj) {
92 * System.out.println("The class of " + obj +
93 * " is " + obj.getClass().getName());
94 * }
95 * </pre></blockquote>
96 *
97 * <p> It is also possible to get the {@code Class} object for a named
98 * type (or for void) using a class literal
99 * (JLS Section <A HREF="http://java.sun.com/docs/books/jls/second_edition/html/expressions.doc.html#251530">15.8.2</A>).
100 * For example:
101 *
102 * <p> <blockquote>
103 * {@code System.out.println("The name of class Foo is: "+Foo.class.getName());}
104 * </blockquote>
105 *
106 * @param <T> the type of the class modeled by this {@code Class}
107 * object. For example, the type of {@code String.class} is {@code
108 * Class<String>}. Use {@code Class<?>} if the class being modeled is
109 * unknown.
110 *
111 * @author unascribed
112 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#defineClass(byte[], int, int)
113 * @since JDK1.0
114 */
115 public final
116 class Class<T> implements java.io.Serializable,
117 java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration,
118 java.lang.reflect.Type,
119 java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement {
120 private static final int ANNOTATION= 0x00002000;
121 private static final int ENUM = 0x00004000;
122 private static final int SYNTHETIC = 0x00001000;
123
124 private static native void registerNatives();
125 static {
126 registerNatives();
127 }
128
129 /*
130 * Constructor. Only the Java Virtual Machine creates Class
131 * objects.
132 */
133 private Class() {}
134
135
136 /**
137 * Converts the object to a string. The string representation is the
138 * string "class" or "interface", followed by a space, and then by the
139 * fully qualified name of the class in the format returned by
140 * {@code getName}. If this {@code Class} object represents a
141 * primitive type, this method returns the name of the primitive type. If
142 * this {@code Class} object represents void this method returns
143 * "void".
144 *
145 * @return a string representation of this class object.
146 */
147 public String toString() {
148 return (isInterface() ? "interface " : (isPrimitive() ? "" : "class "))
149 + getName();
150 }
151
152
153 /**
154 * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
155 * interface with the given string name. Invoking this method is
156 * equivalent to:
157 *
158 * <blockquote>
159 * {@code Class.forName(className, true, currentLoader)}
160 * </blockquote>
161 *
162 * where {@code currentLoader} denotes the defining class loader of
163 * the current class.
164 *
165 * <p> For example, the following code fragment returns the
166 * runtime {@code Class} descriptor for the class named
167 * {@code java.lang.Thread}:
168 *
169 * <blockquote>
170 * {@code Class t = Class.forName("java.lang.Thread")}
171 * </blockquote>
172 * <p>
173 * A call to {@code forName("X")} causes the class named
174 * {@code X} to be initialized.
175 *
176 * @param className the fully qualified name of the desired class.
177 * @return the {@code Class} object for the class with the
178 * specified name.
179 * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
180 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
181 * by this method fails
182 * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located
183 */
184 public static Class<?> forName(String className)
185 throws ClassNotFoundException {
186 return forName0(className, true, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
187 }
188
189
190 /**
191 * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
192 * interface with the given string name, using the given class loader.
193 * Given the fully qualified name for a class or interface (in the same
194 * format returned by {@code getName}) this method attempts to
195 * locate, load, and link the class or interface. The specified class
196 * loader is used to load the class or interface. If the parameter
197 * {@code loader} is null, the class is loaded through the bootstrap
198 * class loader. The class is initialized only if the
199 * {@code initialize} parameter is {@code true} and if it has
200 * not been initialized earlier.
201 *
202 * <p> If {@code name} denotes a primitive type or void, an attempt
203 * will be made to locate a user-defined class in the unnamed package whose
204 * name is {@code name}. Therefore, this method cannot be used to
205 * obtain any of the {@code Class} objects representing primitive
206 * types or void.
207 *
208 * <p> If {@code name} denotes an array class, the component type of
209 * the array class is loaded but not initialized.
210 *
211 * <p> For example, in an instance method the expression:
212 *
213 * <blockquote>
214 * {@code Class.forName("Foo")}
215 * </blockquote>
216 *
217 * is equivalent to:
218 *
219 * <blockquote>
220 * {@code Class.forName("Foo", true, this.getClass().getClassLoader())}
221 * </blockquote>
222 *
223 * Note that this method throws errors related to loading, linking or
224 * initializing as specified in Sections 12.2, 12.3 and 12.4 of <em>The
225 * Java Language Specification</em>.
226 * Note that this method does not check whether the requested class
227 * is accessible to its caller.
228 *
229 * <p> If the {@code loader} is {@code null}, and a security
230 * manager is present, and the caller's class loader is not null, then this
231 * method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission} method
232 * with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")} permission to
233 * ensure it's ok to access the bootstrap class loader.
234 *
235 * @param name fully qualified name of the desired class
236 * @param initialize whether the class must be initialized
237 * @param loader class loader from which the class must be loaded
238 * @return class object representing the desired class
239 *
240 * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
241 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
242 * by this method fails
243 * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located by
244 * the specified class loader
245 *
246 * @see java.lang.Class#forName(String)
247 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader
248 * @since 1.2
249 */
250 public static Class<?> forName(String name, boolean initialize,
251 ClassLoader loader)
252 throws ClassNotFoundException
253 {
254 if (loader == null) {
255 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
256 if (sm != null) {
257 ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader();
258 if (ccl != null) {
259 sm.checkPermission(
260 SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);
261 }
262 }
263 }
264 return forName0(name, initialize, loader);
265 }
266
267 /** Called after security checks have been made. */
268 private static native Class<?> forName0(String name, boolean initialize,
269 ClassLoader loader)
270 throws ClassNotFoundException;
271
272 /**
273 * Creates a new instance of the class represented by this {@code Class}
274 * object. The class is instantiated as if by a {@code new}
275 * expression with an empty argument list. The class is initialized if it
276 * has not already been initialized.
277 *
278 * <p>Note that this method propagates any exception thrown by the
279 * nullary constructor, including a checked exception. Use of
280 * this method effectively bypasses the compile-time exception
281 * checking that would otherwise be performed by the compiler.
282 * The {@link
283 * java.lang.reflect.Constructor#newInstance(java.lang.Object...)
284 * Constructor.newInstance} method avoids this problem by wrapping
285 * any exception thrown by the constructor in a (checked) {@link
286 * java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException}.
287 *
288 * @return a newly allocated instance of the class represented by this
289 * object.
290 * @exception IllegalAccessException if the class or its nullary
291 * constructor is not accessible.
292 * @exception InstantiationException
293 * if this {@code Class} represents an abstract class,
294 * an interface, an array class, a primitive type, or void;
295 * or if the class has no nullary constructor;
296 * or if the instantiation fails for some other reason.
297 * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization
298 * provoked by this method fails.
299 * @exception SecurityException
300 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
301 * following conditions is met:
302 *
303 * <ul>
304 *
305 * <li> invocation of
306 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
307 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
308 * creation of new instances of this class
309 *
310 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
311 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
312 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
313 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
314 * of this class
315 *
316 * </ul>
317 *
318 */
319 public T newInstance()
320 throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
321 {
322 if (System.getSecurityManager() != null) {
323 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
324 }
325 return newInstance0();
326 }
327
328 private T newInstance0()
329 throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
330 {
331 // NOTE: the following code may not be strictly correct under
332 // the current Java memory model.
333
334 // Constructor lookup
335 if (cachedConstructor == null) {
336 if (this == Class.class) {
337 throw new IllegalAccessException(
338 "Can not call newInstance() on the Class for java.lang.Class"
339 );
340 }
341 try {
342 Class<?>[] empty = {};
343 final Constructor<T> c = getConstructor0(empty, Member.DECLARED);
344 // Disable accessibility checks on the constructor
345 // since we have to do the security check here anyway
346 // (the stack depth is wrong for the Constructor's
347 // security check to work)
348 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
349 new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
350 public Void run() {
351 c.setAccessible(true);
352 return null;
353 }
354 });
355 cachedConstructor = c;
356 } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
357 throw new InstantiationException(getName());
358 }
359 }
360 Constructor<T> tmpConstructor = cachedConstructor;
361 // Security check (same as in java.lang.reflect.Constructor)
362 int modifiers = tmpConstructor.getModifiers();
363 if (!Reflection.quickCheckMemberAccess(this, modifiers)) {
364 Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass(3);
365 if (newInstanceCallerCache != caller) {
366 Reflection.ensureMemberAccess(caller, this, null, modifiers);
367 newInstanceCallerCache = caller;
368 }
369 }
370 // Run constructor
371 try {
372 return tmpConstructor.newInstance((Object[])null);
373 } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
374 Unsafe.getUnsafe().throwException(e.getTargetException());
375 // Not reached
376 return null;
377 }
378 }
379 private volatile transient Constructor<T> cachedConstructor;
380 private volatile transient Class<?> newInstanceCallerCache;
381
382
383 /**
384 * Determines if the specified {@code Object} is assignment-compatible
385 * with the object represented by this {@code Class}. This method is
386 * the dynamic equivalent of the Java language {@code instanceof}
387 * operator. The method returns {@code true} if the specified
388 * {@code Object} argument is non-null and can be cast to the
389 * reference type represented by this {@code Class} object without
390 * raising a {@code ClassCastException.} It returns {@code false}
391 * otherwise.
392 *
393 * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a
394 * declared class, this method returns {@code true} if the specified
395 * {@code Object} argument is an instance of the represented class (or
396 * of any of its subclasses); it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
397 * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, this method
398 * returns {@code true} if the specified {@code Object} argument
399 * can be converted to an object of the array class by an identity
400 * conversion or by a widening reference conversion; it returns
401 * {@code false} otherwise. If this {@code Class} object
402 * represents an interface, this method returns {@code true} if the
403 * class or any superclass of the specified {@code Object} argument
404 * implements this interface; it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
405 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, this method
406 * returns {@code false}.
407 *
408 * @param obj the object to check
409 * @return true if {@code obj} is an instance of this class
410 *
411 * @since JDK1.1
412 */
413 public native boolean isInstance(Object obj);
414
415
416 /**
417 * Determines if the class or interface represented by this
418 * {@code Class} object is either the same as, or is a superclass or
419 * superinterface of, the class or interface represented by the specified
420 * {@code Class} parameter. It returns {@code true} if so;
421 * otherwise it returns {@code false}. If this {@code Class}
422 * object represents a primitive type, this method returns
423 * {@code true} if the specified {@code Class} parameter is
424 * exactly this {@code Class} object; otherwise it returns
425 * {@code false}.
426 *
427 * <p> Specifically, this method tests whether the type represented by the
428 * specified {@code Class} parameter can be converted to the type
429 * represented by this {@code Class} object via an identity conversion
430 * or via a widening reference conversion. See <em>The Java Language
431 * Specification</em>, sections 5.1.1 and 5.1.4 , for details.
432 *
433 * @param cls the {@code Class} object to be checked
434 * @return the {@code boolean} value indicating whether objects of the
435 * type {@code cls} can be assigned to objects of this class
436 * @exception NullPointerException if the specified Class parameter is
437 * null.
438 * @since JDK1.1
439 */
440 public native boolean isAssignableFrom(Class<?> cls);
441
442
443 /**
444 * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents an
445 * interface type.
446 *
447 * @return {@code true} if this object represents an interface;
448 * {@code false} otherwise.
449 */
450 public native boolean isInterface();
451
452
453 /**
454 * Determines if this {@code Class} object represents an array class.
455 *
456 * @return {@code true} if this object represents an array class;
457 * {@code false} otherwise.
458 * @since JDK1.1
459 */
460 public native boolean isArray();
461
462
463 /**
464 * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents a
465 * primitive type.
466 *
467 * <p> There are nine predefined {@code Class} objects to represent
468 * the eight primitive types and void. These are created by the Java
469 * Virtual Machine, and have the same names as the primitive types that
470 * they represent, namely {@code boolean}, {@code byte},
471 * {@code char}, {@code short}, {@code int},
472 * {@code long}, {@code float}, and {@code double}.
473 *
474 * <p> These objects may only be accessed via the following public static
475 * final variables, and are the only {@code Class} objects for which
476 * this method returns {@code true}.
477 *
478 * @return true if and only if this class represents a primitive type
479 *
480 * @see java.lang.Boolean#TYPE
481 * @see java.lang.Character#TYPE
482 * @see java.lang.Byte#TYPE
483 * @see java.lang.Short#TYPE
484 * @see java.lang.Integer#TYPE
485 * @see java.lang.Long#TYPE
486 * @see java.lang.Float#TYPE
487 * @see java.lang.Double#TYPE
488 * @see java.lang.Void#TYPE
489 * @since JDK1.1
490 */
491 public native boolean isPrimitive();
492
493 /**
494 * Returns true if this {@code Class} object represents an annotation
495 * type. Note that if this method returns true, {@link #isInterface()}
496 * would also return true, as all annotation types are also interfaces.
497 *
498 * @return {@code true} if this class object represents an annotation
499 * type; {@code false} otherwise
500 * @since 1.5
501 */
502 public boolean isAnnotation() {
503 return (getModifiers() & ANNOTATION) != 0;
504 }
505
506 /**
507 * Returns {@code true} if this class is a synthetic class;
508 * returns {@code false} otherwise.
509 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a synthetic class as
510 * defined by the Java Language Specification.
511 * @since 1.5
512 */
513 public boolean isSynthetic() {
514 return (getModifiers() & SYNTHETIC) != 0;
515 }
516
517 /**
518 * Returns the name of the entity (class, interface, array class,
519 * primitive type, or void) represented by this {@code Class} object,
520 * as a {@code String}.
521 *
522 * <p> If this class object represents a reference type that is not an
523 * array type then the binary name of the class is returned, as specified
524 * by the Java Language Specification, Second Edition.
525 *
526 * <p> If this class object represents a primitive type or void, then the
527 * name returned is a {@code String} equal to the Java language
528 * keyword corresponding to the primitive type or void.
529 *
530 * <p> If this class object represents a class of arrays, then the internal
531 * form of the name consists of the name of the element type preceded by
532 * one or more '{@code [}' characters representing the depth of the array
533 * nesting. The encoding of element type names is as follows:
534 *
535 * <blockquote><table summary="Element types and encodings">
536 * <tr><th> Element Type <th> <th> Encoding
537 * <tr><td> boolean <td> <td align=center> Z
538 * <tr><td> byte <td> <td align=center> B
539 * <tr><td> char <td> <td align=center> C
540 * <tr><td> class or interface
541 * <td> <td align=center> L<i>classname</i>;
542 * <tr><td> double <td> <td align=center> D
543 * <tr><td> float <td> <td align=center> F
544 * <tr><td> int <td> <td align=center> I
545 * <tr><td> long <td> <td align=center> J
546 * <tr><td> short <td> <td align=center> S
547 * </table></blockquote>
548 *
549 * <p> The class or interface name <i>classname</i> is the binary name of
550 * the class specified above.
551 *
552 * <p> Examples:
553 * <blockquote><pre>
554 * String.class.getName()
555 * returns "java.lang.String"
556 * byte.class.getName()
557 * returns "byte"
558 * (new Object[3]).getClass().getName()
559 * returns "[Ljava.lang.Object;"
560 * (new int[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]).getClass().getName()
561 * returns "[[[[[[[I"
562 * </pre></blockquote>
563 *
564 * @return the name of the class or interface
565 * represented by this object.
566 */
567 public String getName() {
568 String name = this.name;
569 if (name == null)
570 this.name = name = getName0();
571 return name;
572 }
573
574 // cache the name to reduce the number of calls into the VM
575 private transient String name;
576 private native String getName0();
577
578 /**
579 * Returns the class loader for the class. Some implementations may use
580 * null to represent the bootstrap class loader. This method will return
581 * null in such implementations if this class was loaded by the bootstrap
582 * class loader.
583 *
584 * <p> If a security manager is present, and the caller's class loader is
585 * not null and the caller's class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of
586 * the class loader for the class whose class loader is requested, then
587 * this method calls the security manager's {@code checkPermission}
588 * method with a {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")}
589 * permission to ensure it's ok to access the class loader for the class.
590 *
591 * <p>If this object
592 * represents a primitive type or void, null is returned.
593 *
594 * @return the class loader that loaded the class or interface
595 * represented by this object.
596 * @throws SecurityException
597 * if a security manager exists and its
598 * {@code checkPermission} method denies
599 * access to the class loader for the class.
600 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader
601 * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
602 * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
603 */
604 public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
605 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
606 if (cl == null)
607 return null;
608 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
609 if (sm != null) {
610 ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader();
611 if (ccl != null && ccl != cl && !cl.isAncestor(ccl)) {
612 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);
613 }
614 }
615 return cl;
616 }
617
618 // Package-private to allow ClassLoader access
619 native ClassLoader getClassLoader0();
620
621
622 /**
623 * Returns an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent the
624 * type variables declared by the generic declaration represented by this
625 * {@code GenericDeclaration} object, in declaration order. Returns an
626 * array of length 0 if the underlying generic declaration declares no type
627 * variables.
628 *
629 * @return an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent
630 * the type variables declared by this generic declaration
631 * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
632 * signature of this generic declaration does not conform to
633 * the format specified in the Java Virtual Machine Specification,
634 * 3rd edition
635 * @since 1.5
636 */
637 public TypeVariable<Class<T>>[] getTypeParameters() {
638 if (getGenericSignature() != null)
639 return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])getGenericInfo().getTypeParameters();
640 else
641 return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])new TypeVariable<?>[0];
642 }
643
644
645 /**
646 * Returns the {@code Class} representing the superclass of the entity
647 * (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by this
648 * {@code Class}. If this {@code Class} represents either the
649 * {@code Object} class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then
650 * null is returned. If this object represents an array class then the
651 * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
652 * returned.
653 *
654 * @return the superclass of the class represented by this object.
655 */
656 public native Class<? super T> getSuperclass();
657
658
659 /**
660 * Returns the {@code Type} representing the direct superclass of
661 * the entity (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by
662 * this {@code Class}.
663 *
664 * <p>If the superclass is a parameterized type, the {@code Type}
665 * object returned must accurately reflect the actual type
666 * parameters used in the source code. The parameterized type
667 * representing the superclass is created if it had not been
668 * created before. See the declaration of {@link
669 * java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType} for the
670 * semantics of the creation process for parameterized types. If
671 * this {@code Class} represents either the {@code Object}
672 * class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then null is
673 * returned. If this object represents an array class then the
674 * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
675 * returned.
676 *
677 * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
678 * class signature does not conform to the format specified in the
679 * Java Virtual Machine Specification, 3rd edition
680 * @throws TypeNotPresentException if the generic superclass
681 * refers to a non-existent type declaration
682 * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException if the
683 * generic superclass refers to a parameterized type that cannot be
684 * instantiated for any reason
685 * @return the superclass of the class represented by this object
686 * @since 1.5
687 */
688 public Type getGenericSuperclass() {
689 if (getGenericSignature() != null) {
690 // Historical irregularity:
691 // Generic signature marks interfaces with superclass = Object
692 // but this API returns null for interfaces
693 if (isInterface())
694 return null;
695 return getGenericInfo().getSuperclass();
696 } else
697 return getSuperclass();
698 }
699
700 /**
701 * Gets the package for this class. The class loader of this class is used
702 * to find the package. If the class was loaded by the bootstrap class
703 * loader the set of packages loaded from CLASSPATH is searched to find the
704 * package of the class. Null is returned if no package object was created
705 * by the class loader of this class.
706 *
707 * <p> Packages have attributes for versions and specifications only if the
708 * information was defined in the manifests that accompany the classes, and
709 * if the class loader created the package instance with the attributes
710 * from the manifest.
711 *
712 * @return the package of the class, or null if no package
713 * information is available from the archive or codebase.
714 */
715 public Package getPackage() {
716 return Package.getPackage(this);
717 }
718
719
720 /**
721 * Determines the interfaces implemented by the class or interface
722 * represented by this object.
723 *
724 * <p> If this object represents a class, the return value is an array
725 * containing objects representing all interfaces implemented by the
726 * class. The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to
727 * the order of the interface names in the {@code implements} clause
728 * of the declaration of the class represented by this object. For
729 * example, given the declaration:
730 * <blockquote>
731 * {@code class Shimmer implements FloorWax, DessertTopping { ... }}
732 * </blockquote>
733 * suppose the value of {@code s} is an instance of
734 * {@code Shimmer}; the value of the expression:
735 * <blockquote>
736 * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[0]}
737 * </blockquote>
738 * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
739 * {@code FloorWax}; and the value of:
740 * <blockquote>
741 * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[1]}
742 * </blockquote>
743 * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
744 * {@code DessertTopping}.
745 *
746 * <p> If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects
747 * representing all interfaces extended by the interface. The order of the
748 * interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of the interface
749 * names in the {@code extends} clause of the declaration of the
750 * interface represented by this object.
751 *
752 * <p> If this object represents a class or interface that implements no
753 * interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0.
754 *
755 * <p> If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method
756 * returns an array of length 0.
757 *
758 * @return an array of interfaces implemented by this class.
759 */
760 public native Class<?>[] getInterfaces();
761
762 /**
763 * Returns the {@code Type}s representing the interfaces
764 * directly implemented by the class or interface represented by
765 * this object.
766 *
767 * <p>If a superinterface is a parameterized type, the
768 * {@code Type} object returned for it must accurately reflect
769 * the actual type parameters used in the source code. The
770 * parameterized type representing each superinterface is created
771 * if it had not been created before. See the declaration of
772 * {@link java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType}
773 * for the semantics of the creation process for parameterized
774 * types.
775 *
776 * <p> If this object represents a class, the return value is an
777 * array containing objects representing all interfaces
778 * implemented by the class. The order of the interface objects in
779 * the array corresponds to the order of the interface names in
780 * the {@code implements} clause of the declaration of the class
781 * represented by this object. In the case of an array class, the
782 * interfaces {@code Cloneable} and {@code Serializable} are
783 * returned in that order.
784 *
785 * <p>If this object represents an interface, the array contains
786 * objects representing all interfaces directly extended by the
787 * interface. The order of the interface objects in the array
788 * corresponds to the order of the interface names in the
789 * {@code extends} clause of the declaration of the interface
790 * represented by this object.
791 *
792 * <p>If this object represents a class or interface that
793 * implements no interfaces, the method returns an array of length
794 * 0.
795 *
796 * <p>If this object represents a primitive type or void, the
797 * method returns an array of length 0.
798 *
799 * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError
800 * if the generic class signature does not conform to the format
801 * specified in the Java Virtual Machine Specification, 3rd edition
802 * @throws TypeNotPresentException if any of the generic
803 * superinterfaces refers to a non-existent type declaration
804 * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException
805 * if any of the generic superinterfaces refer to a parameterized
806 * type that cannot be instantiated for any reason
807 * @return an array of interfaces implemented by this class
808 * @since 1.5
809 */
810 public Type[] getGenericInterfaces() {
811 if (getGenericSignature() != null)
812 return getGenericInfo().getSuperInterfaces();
813 else
814 return getInterfaces();
815 }
816
817
818 /**
819 * Returns the {@code Class} representing the component type of an
820 * array. If this class does not represent an array class this method
821 * returns null.
822 *
823 * @return the {@code Class} representing the component type of this
824 * class if this class is an array
825 * @see java.lang.reflect.Array
826 * @since JDK1.1
827 */
828 public native Class<?> getComponentType();
829
830
831 /**
832 * Returns the Java language modifiers for this class or interface, encoded
833 * in an integer. The modifiers consist of the Java Virtual Machine's
834 * constants for {@code public}, {@code protected},
835 * {@code private}, {@code final}, {@code static},
836 * {@code abstract} and {@code interface}; they should be decoded
837 * using the methods of class {@code Modifier}.
838 *
839 * <p> If the underlying class is an array class, then its
840 * {@code public}, {@code private} and {@code protected}
841 * modifiers are the same as those of its component type. If this
842 * {@code Class} represents a primitive type or void, its
843 * {@code public} modifier is always {@code true}, and its
844 * {@code protected} and {@code private} modifiers are always
845 * {@code false}. If this object represents an array class, a
846 * primitive type or void, then its {@code final} modifier is always
847 * {@code true} and its interface modifier is always
848 * {@code false}. The values of its other modifiers are not determined
849 * by this specification.
850 *
851 * <p> The modifier encodings are defined in <em>The Java Virtual Machine
852 * Specification</em>, table 4.1.
853 *
854 * @return the {@code int} representing the modifiers for this class
855 * @see java.lang.reflect.Modifier
856 * @since JDK1.1
857 */
858 public native int getModifiers();
859
860
861 /**
862 * Gets the signers of this class.
863 *
864 * @return the signers of this class, or null if there are no signers. In
865 * particular, this method returns null if this object represents
866 * a primitive type or void.
867 * @since JDK1.1
868 */
869 public native Object[] getSigners();
870
871
872 /**
873 * Set the signers of this class.
874 */
875 native void setSigners(Object[] signers);
876
877
878 /**
879 * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous
880 * class within a method, returns a {@link
881 * java.lang.reflect.Method Method} object representing the
882 * immediately enclosing method of the underlying class. Returns
883 * {@code null} otherwise.
884 *
885 * In particular, this method returns {@code null} if the underlying
886 * class is a local or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type
887 * declaration, instance initializer or static initializer.
888 *
889 * @return the immediately enclosing method of the underlying class, if
890 * that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.
891 * @since 1.5
892 */
893 public Method getEnclosingMethod() {
894 EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
895
896 if (enclosingInfo == null)
897 return null;
898 else {
899 if (!enclosingInfo.isMethod())
900 return null;
901
902 MethodRepository typeInfo = MethodRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),
903 getFactory());
904 Class<?> returnType = toClass(typeInfo.getReturnType());
905 Type [] parameterTypes = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();
906 Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];
907
908 // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*
909 // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used
910 // don't have generics information
911 for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)
912 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);
913
914 /*
915 * Loop over all declared methods; match method name,
916 * number of and type of parameters, *and* return
917 * type. Matching return type is also necessary
918 * because of covariant returns, etc.
919 */
920 for(Method m: enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass().getDeclaredMethods()) {
921 if (m.getName().equals(enclosingInfo.getName()) ) {
922 Class<?>[] candidateParamClasses = m.getParameterTypes();
923 if (candidateParamClasses.length == parameterClasses.length) {
924 boolean matches = true;
925 for(int i = 0; i < candidateParamClasses.length; i++) {
926 if (!candidateParamClasses[i].equals(parameterClasses[i])) {
927 matches = false;
928 break;
929 }
930 }
931
932 if (matches) { // finally, check return type
933 if (m.getReturnType().equals(returnType) )
934 return m;
935 }
936 }
937 }
938 }
939
940 throw new InternalError("Enclosing method not found");
941 }
942 }
943
944 private native Object[] getEnclosingMethod0();
945
946 private EnclosingMethodInfo getEnclosingMethodInfo() {
947 Object[] enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethod0();
948 if (enclosingInfo == null)
949 return null;
950 else {
951 return new EnclosingMethodInfo(enclosingInfo);
952 }
953 }
954
955 private final static class EnclosingMethodInfo {
956 private Class<?> enclosingClass;
957 private String name;
958 private String descriptor;
959
960 private EnclosingMethodInfo(Object[] enclosingInfo) {
961 if (enclosingInfo.length != 3)
962 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");
963 try {
964 // The array is expected to have three elements:
965
966 // the immediately enclosing class
967 enclosingClass = (Class<?>) enclosingInfo[0];
968 assert(enclosingClass != null);
969
970 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's
971 // name (can be null).
972 name = (String) enclosingInfo[1];
973
974 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's
975 // descriptor (null iff name is).
976 descriptor = (String) enclosingInfo[2];
977 assert((name != null && descriptor != null) || name == descriptor);
978 } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
979 throw new InternalError("Invalid type in enclosing method information");
980 }
981 }
982
983 boolean isPartial() {
984 return enclosingClass == null || name == null || descriptor == null;
985 }
986
987 boolean isConstructor() { return !isPartial() && "<init>".equals(name); }
988
989 boolean isMethod() { return !isPartial() && !isConstructor() && !"<clinit>".equals(name); }
990
991 Class<?> getEnclosingClass() { return enclosingClass; }
992
993 String getName() { return name; }
994
995 String getDescriptor() { return descriptor; }
996
997 }
998
999 private static Class<?> toClass(Type o) {
1000 if (o instanceof GenericArrayType)
1001 return Array.newInstance(toClass(((GenericArrayType)o).getGenericComponentType()),
1002 0)
1003 .getClass();
1004 return (Class<?>)o;
1005 }
1006
1007 /**
1008 * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous
1009 * class within a constructor, returns a {@link
1010 * java.lang.reflect.Constructor Constructor} object representing
1011 * the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying
1012 * class. Returns {@code null} otherwise. In particular, this
1013 * method returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a local
1014 * or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type declaration,
1015 * instance initializer or static initializer.
1016 *
1017 * @return the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying class, if
1018 * that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.
1019 * @since 1.5
1020 */
1021 public Constructor<?> getEnclosingConstructor() {
1022 EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1023
1024 if (enclosingInfo == null)
1025 return null;
1026 else {
1027 if (!enclosingInfo.isConstructor())
1028 return null;
1029
1030 ConstructorRepository typeInfo = ConstructorRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),
1031 getFactory());
1032 Type [] parameterTypes = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();
1033 Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];
1034
1035 // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*
1036 // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used
1037 // don't have generics information
1038 for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)
1039 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);
1040
1041 /*
1042 * Loop over all declared constructors; match number
1043 * of and type of parameters.
1044 */
1045 for(Constructor<?> c: enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass().getDeclaredConstructors()) {
1046 Class<?>[] candidateParamClasses = c.getParameterTypes();
1047 if (candidateParamClasses.length == parameterClasses.length) {
1048 boolean matches = true;
1049 for(int i = 0; i < candidateParamClasses.length; i++) {
1050 if (!candidateParamClasses[i].equals(parameterClasses[i])) {
1051 matches = false;
1052 break;
1053 }
1054 }
1055
1056 if (matches)
1057 return c;
1058 }
1059 }
1060
1061 throw new InternalError("Enclosing constructor not found");
1062 }
1063 }
1064
1065
1066 /**
1067 * If the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} object
1068 * is a member of another class, returns the {@code Class} object
1069 * representing the class in which it was declared. This method returns
1070 * null if this class or interface is not a member of any other class. If
1071 * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, a primitive
1072 * type, or void,then this method returns null.
1073 *
1074 * @return the declaring class for this class
1075 * @since JDK1.1
1076 */
1077 public native Class<?> getDeclaringClass();
1078
1079
1080 /**
1081 * Returns the immediately enclosing class of the underlying
1082 * class. If the underlying class is a top level class this
1083 * method returns {@code null}.
1084 * @return the immediately enclosing class of the underlying class
1085 * @since 1.5
1086 */
1087 public Class<?> getEnclosingClass() {
1088 // There are five kinds of classes (or interfaces):
1089 // a) Top level classes
1090 // b) Nested classes (static member classes)
1091 // c) Inner classes (non-static member classes)
1092 // d) Local classes (named classes declared within a method)
1093 // e) Anonymous classes
1094
1095
1096 // JVM Spec 4.8.6: A class must have an EnclosingMethod
1097 // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an
1098 // anonymous class.
1099 EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1100
1101 if (enclosingInfo == null) {
1102 // This is a top level or a nested class or an inner class (a, b, or c)
1103 return getDeclaringClass();
1104 } else {
1105 Class<?> enclosingClass = enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass();
1106 // This is a local class or an anonymous class (d or e)
1107 if (enclosingClass == this || enclosingClass == null)
1108 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");
1109 else
1110 return enclosingClass;
1111 }
1112 }
1113
1114 /**
1115 * Returns the simple name of the underlying class as given in the
1116 * source code. Returns an empty string if the underlying class is
1117 * anonymous.
1118 *
1119 * <p>The simple name of an array is the simple name of the
1120 * component type with "[]" appended. In particular the simple
1121 * name of an array whose component type is anonymous is "[]".
1122 *
1123 * @return the simple name of the underlying class
1124 * @since 1.5
1125 */
1126 public String getSimpleName() {
1127 if (isArray())
1128 return getComponentType().getSimpleName()+"[]";
1129
1130 String simpleName = getSimpleBinaryName();
1131 if (simpleName == null) { // top level class
1132 simpleName = getName();
1133 return simpleName.substring(simpleName.lastIndexOf(".")+1); // strip the package name
1134 }
1135 // According to JLS3 "Binary Compatibility" (13.1) the binary
1136 // name of non-package classes (not top level) is the binary
1137 // name of the immediately enclosing class followed by a '$' followed by:
1138 // (for nested and inner classes): the simple name.
1139 // (for local classes): 1 or more digits followed by the simple name.
1140 // (for anonymous classes): 1 or more digits.
1141
1142 // Since getSimpleBinaryName() will strip the binary name of
1143 // the immediatly enclosing class, we are now looking at a
1144 // string that matches the regular expression "\$[0-9]*"
1145 // followed by a simple name (considering the simple of an
1146 // anonymous class to be the empty string).
1147
1148 // Remove leading "\$[0-9]*" from the name
1149 int length = simpleName.length();
1150 if (length < 1 || simpleName.charAt(0) != '$')
1151 throw new InternalError("Malformed class name");
1152 int index = 1;
1153 while (index < length && isAsciiDigit(simpleName.charAt(index)))
1154 index++;
1155 // Eventually, this is the empty string iff this is an anonymous class
1156 return simpleName.substring(index);
1157 }
1158
1159 /**
1160 * Character.isDigit answers {@code true} to some non-ascii
1161 * digits. This one does not.
1162 */
1163 private static boolean isAsciiDigit(char c) {
1164 return '0' <= c && c <= '9';
1165 }
1166
1167 /**
1168 * Returns the canonical name of the underlying class as
1169 * defined by the Java Language Specification. Returns null if
1170 * the underlying class does not have a canonical name (i.e., if
1171 * it is a local or anonymous class or an array whose component
1172 * type does not have a canonical name).
1173 * @return the canonical name of the underlying class if it exists, and
1174 * {@code null} otherwise.
1175 * @since 1.5
1176 */
1177 public String getCanonicalName() {
1178 if (isArray()) {
1179 String canonicalName = getComponentType().getCanonicalName();
1180 if (canonicalName != null)
1181 return canonicalName + "[]";
1182 else
1183 return null;
1184 }
1185 if (isLocalOrAnonymousClass())
1186 return null;
1187 Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();
1188 if (enclosingClass == null) { // top level class
1189 return getName();
1190 } else {
1191 String enclosingName = enclosingClass.getCanonicalName();
1192 if (enclosingName == null)
1193 return null;
1194 return enclosingName + "." + getSimpleName();
1195 }
1196 }
1197
1198 /**
1199 * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1200 * is an anonymous class.
1201 *
1202 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is an anonymous class.
1203 * @since 1.5
1204 */
1205 public boolean isAnonymousClass() {
1206 return "".equals(getSimpleName());
1207 }
1208
1209 /**
1210 * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1211 * is a local class.
1212 *
1213 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a local class.
1214 * @since 1.5
1215 */
1216 public boolean isLocalClass() {
1217 return isLocalOrAnonymousClass() && !isAnonymousClass();
1218 }
1219
1220 /**
1221 * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1222 * is a member class.
1223 *
1224 * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a member class.
1225 * @since 1.5
1226 */
1227 public boolean isMemberClass() {
1228 return getSimpleBinaryName() != null && !isLocalOrAnonymousClass();
1229 }
1230
1231 /**
1232 * Returns the "simple binary name" of the underlying class, i.e.,
1233 * the binary name without the leading enclosing class name.
1234 * Returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a top level
1235 * class.
1236 */
1237 private String getSimpleBinaryName() {
1238 Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();
1239 if (enclosingClass == null) // top level class
1240 return null;
1241 // Otherwise, strip the enclosing class' name
1242 try {
1243 return getName().substring(enclosingClass.getName().length());
1244 } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) {
1245 throw new InternalError("Malformed class name");
1246 }
1247 }
1248
1249 /**
1250 * Returns {@code true} if this is a local class or an anonymous
1251 * class. Returns {@code false} otherwise.
1252 */
1253 private boolean isLocalOrAnonymousClass() {
1254 // JVM Spec 4.8.6: A class must have an EnclosingMethod
1255 // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an
1256 // anonymous class.
1257 return getEnclosingMethodInfo() != null;
1258 }
1259
1260 /**
1261 * Returns an array containing {@code Class} objects representing all
1262 * the public classes and interfaces that are members of the class
1263 * represented by this {@code Class} object. This includes public
1264 * class and interface members inherited from superclasses and public class
1265 * and interface members declared by the class. This method returns an
1266 * array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object has no public member
1267 * classes or interfaces. This method also returns an array of length 0 if
1268 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, an array
1269 * class, or void.
1270 *
1271 * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing the public
1272 * members of this class
1273 * @exception SecurityException
1274 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1275 * following conditions is met:
1276 *
1277 * <ul>
1278 *
1279 * <li> invocation of
1280 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1281 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} method
1282 * denies access to the classes within this class
1283 *
1284 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1285 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1286 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1287 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1288 * of this class
1289 *
1290 * </ul>
1291 *
1292 * @since JDK1.1
1293 */
1294 public Class<?>[] getClasses() {
1295 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1296 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1297 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1298 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1299
1300 // Privileged so this implementation can look at DECLARED classes,
1301 // something the caller might not have privilege to do. The code here
1302 // is allowed to look at DECLARED classes because (1) it does not hand
1303 // out anything other than public members and (2) public member access
1304 // has already been ok'd by the SecurityManager.
1305
1306 return java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
1307 new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Class<?>[]>() {
1308 public Class[] run() {
1309 List<Class<?>> list = new ArrayList<>();
1310 Class<?> currentClass = Class.this;
1311 while (currentClass != null) {
1312 Class<?>[] members = currentClass.getDeclaredClasses();
1313 for (int i = 0; i < members.length; i++) {
1314 if (Modifier.isPublic(members[i].getModifiers())) {
1315 list.add(members[i]);
1316 }
1317 }
1318 currentClass = currentClass.getSuperclass();
1319 }
1320 return list.toArray(new Class[0]);
1321 }
1322 });
1323 }
1324
1325
1326 /**
1327 * Returns an array containing {@code Field} objects reflecting all
1328 * the accessible public fields of the class or interface represented by
1329 * this {@code Class} object. The elements in the array returned are
1330 * not sorted and are not in any particular order. This method returns an
1331 * array of length 0 if the class or interface has no accessible public
1332 * fields, or if it represents an array class, a primitive type, or void.
1333 *
1334 * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a class,
1335 * this method returns the public fields of this class and of all its
1336 * superclasses. If this {@code Class} object represents an
1337 * interface, this method returns the fields of this interface and of all
1338 * its superinterfaces.
1339 *
1340 * <p> The implicit length field for array class is not reflected by this
1341 * method. User code should use the methods of class {@code Array} to
1342 * manipulate arrays.
1343 *
1344 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
1345 *
1346 * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing the
1347 * public fields
1348 * @exception SecurityException
1349 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1350 * following conditions is met:
1351 *
1352 * <ul>
1353 *
1354 * <li> invocation of
1355 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1356 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1357 * access to the fields within this class
1358 *
1359 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1360 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1361 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1362 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1363 * of this class
1364 *
1365 * </ul>
1366 *
1367 * @since JDK1.1
1368 */
1369 public Field[] getFields() throws SecurityException {
1370 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1371 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1372 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1373 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1374 return copyFields(privateGetPublicFields(null));
1375 }
1376
1377
1378 /**
1379 * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all
1380 * the public <em>member</em> methods of the class or interface represented
1381 * by this {@code Class} object, including those declared by the class
1382 * or interface and those inherited from superclasses and
1383 * superinterfaces. Array classes return all the (public) member methods
1384 * inherited from the {@code Object} class. The elements in the array
1385 * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order. This
1386 * method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object
1387 * represents a class or interface that has no public member methods, or if
1388 * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type or void.
1389 *
1390 * <p> The class initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not
1391 * included in the returned array. If the class declares multiple public
1392 * member methods with the same parameter types, they are all included in
1393 * the returned array.
1394 *
1395 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.
1396 *
1397 * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing the
1398 * public methods of this class
1399 * @exception SecurityException
1400 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1401 * following conditions is met:
1402 *
1403 * <ul>
1404 *
1405 * <li> invocation of
1406 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1407 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1408 * access to the methods within this class
1409 *
1410 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1411 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1412 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1413 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1414 * of this class
1415 *
1416 * </ul>
1417 *
1418 * @since JDK1.1
1419 */
1420 public Method[] getMethods() throws SecurityException {
1421 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1422 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1423 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1424 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1425 return copyMethods(privateGetPublicMethods());
1426 }
1427
1428
1429 /**
1430 * Returns an array containing {@code Constructor} objects reflecting
1431 * all the public constructors of the class represented by this
1432 * {@code Class} object. An array of length 0 is returned if the
1433 * class has no public constructors, or if the class is an array class, or
1434 * if the class reflects a primitive type or void.
1435 *
1436 * Note that while this method returns an array of {@code
1437 * Constructor<T>} objects (that is an array of constructors from
1438 * this class), the return type of this method is {@code
1439 * Constructor<?>[]} and <em>not</em> {@code Constructor<T>[]} as
1440 * might be expected. This less informative return type is
1441 * necessary since after being returned from this method, the
1442 * array could be modified to hold {@code Constructor} objects for
1443 * different classes, which would violate the type guarantees of
1444 * {@code Constructor<T>[]}.
1445 *
1446 * @return the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing the
1447 * public constructors of this class
1448 * @exception SecurityException
1449 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1450 * following conditions is met:
1451 *
1452 * <ul>
1453 *
1454 * <li> invocation of
1455 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1456 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1457 * access to the constructors within this class
1458 *
1459 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1460 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1461 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1462 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1463 * of this class
1464 *
1465 * </ul>
1466 *
1467 * @since JDK1.1
1468 */
1469 public Constructor<?>[] getConstructors() throws SecurityException {
1470 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1471 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1472 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1473 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1474 return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(true));
1475 }
1476
1477
1478 /**
1479 * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified public
1480 * member field of the class or interface represented by this
1481 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1482 * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired field.
1483 *
1484 * <p> The field to be reflected is determined by the algorithm that
1485 * follows. Let C be the class represented by this object:
1486 * <OL>
1487 * <LI> If C declares a public field with the name specified, that is the
1488 * field to be reflected.</LI>
1489 * <LI> If no field was found in step 1 above, this algorithm is applied
1490 * recursively to each direct superinterface of C. The direct
1491 * superinterfaces are searched in the order they were declared.</LI>
1492 * <LI> If no field was found in steps 1 and 2 above, and C has a
1493 * superclass S, then this algorithm is invoked recursively upon S.
1494 * If C has no superclass, then a {@code NoSuchFieldException}
1495 * is thrown.</LI>
1496 * </OL>
1497 *
1498 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
1499 *
1500 * @param name the field name
1501 * @return the {@code Field} object of this class specified by
1502 * {@code name}
1503 * @exception NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
1504 * not found.
1505 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1506 * @exception SecurityException
1507 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1508 * following conditions is met:
1509 *
1510 * <ul>
1511 *
1512 * <li> invocation of
1513 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1514 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1515 * access to the field
1516 *
1517 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1518 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1519 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1520 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1521 * of this class
1522 *
1523 * </ul>
1524 *
1525 * @since JDK1.1
1526 */
1527 public Field getField(String name)
1528 throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {
1529 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1530 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1531 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1532 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1533 Field field = getField0(name);
1534 if (field == null) {
1535 throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
1536 }
1537 return field;
1538 }
1539
1540
1541 /**
1542 * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified public
1543 * member method of the class or interface represented by this
1544 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1545 * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired method. The
1546 * {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of {@code Class}
1547 * objects that identify the method's formal parameter types, in declared
1548 * order. If {@code parameterTypes} is {@code null}, it is
1549 * treated as if it were an empty array.
1550 *
1551 * <p> If the {@code name} is "{@code <init>};"or "{@code <clinit>}" a
1552 * {@code NoSuchMethodException} is raised. Otherwise, the method to
1553 * be reflected is determined by the algorithm that follows. Let C be the
1554 * class represented by this object:
1555 * <OL>
1556 * <LI> C is searched for any <I>matching methods</I>. If no matching
1557 * method is found, the algorithm of step 1 is invoked recursively on
1558 * the superclass of C.</LI>
1559 * <LI> If no method was found in step 1 above, the superinterfaces of C
1560 * are searched for a matching method. If any such method is found, it
1561 * is reflected.</LI>
1562 * </OL>
1563 *
1564 * To find a matching method in a class C: If C declares exactly one
1565 * public method with the specified name and exactly the same formal
1566 * parameter types, that is the method reflected. If more than one such
1567 * method is found in C, and one of these methods has a return type that is
1568 * more specific than any of the others, that method is reflected;
1569 * otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily.
1570 *
1571 * <p>Note that there may be more than one matching method in a
1572 * class because while the Java language forbids a class to
1573 * declare multiple methods with the same signature but different
1574 * return types, the Java virtual machine does not. This
1575 * increased flexibility in the virtual machine can be used to
1576 * implement various language features. For example, covariant
1577 * returns can be implemented with {@linkplain
1578 * java.lang.reflect.Method#isBridge bridge methods}; the bridge
1579 * method and the method being overridden would have the same
1580 * signature but different return types.
1581 *
1582 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.4.
1583 *
1584 * @param name the name of the method
1585 * @param parameterTypes the list of parameters
1586 * @return the {@code Method} object that matches the specified
1587 * {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes}
1588 * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found
1589 * or if the name is "<init>"or "<clinit>".
1590 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1591 * @exception SecurityException
1592 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1593 * following conditions is met:
1594 *
1595 * <ul>
1596 *
1597 * <li> invocation of
1598 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1599 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1600 * access to the method
1601 *
1602 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1603 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1604 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1605 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1606 * of this class
1607 *
1608 * </ul>
1609 *
1610 * @since JDK1.1
1611 */
1612 public Method getMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1613 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1614 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1615 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1616 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1617 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1618 Method method = getMethod0(name, parameterTypes);
1619 if (method == null) {
1620 throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + "." + name + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));
1621 }
1622 return method;
1623 }
1624
1625
1626 /**
1627 * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified
1628 * public constructor of the class represented by this {@code Class}
1629 * object. The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
1630 * {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's formal
1631 * parameter types, in declared order.
1632 *
1633 * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class
1634 * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types
1635 * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
1636 *
1637 * <p> The constructor to reflect is the public constructor of the class
1638 * represented by this {@code Class} object whose formal parameter
1639 * types match those specified by {@code parameterTypes}.
1640 *
1641 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
1642 * @return the {@code Constructor} object of the public constructor that
1643 * matches the specified {@code parameterTypes}
1644 * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
1645 * @exception SecurityException
1646 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1647 * following conditions is met:
1648 *
1649 * <ul>
1650 *
1651 * <li> invocation of
1652 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1653 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.PUBLIC)} denies
1654 * access to the constructor
1655 *
1656 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1657 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1658 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1659 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1660 * of this class
1661 *
1662 * </ul>
1663 *
1664 * @since JDK1.1
1665 */
1666 public Constructor<T> getConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1667 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1668 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1669 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1670 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1671 checkMemberAccess(Member.PUBLIC, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1672 return getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.PUBLIC);
1673 }
1674
1675
1676 /**
1677 * Returns an array of {@code Class} objects reflecting all the
1678 * classes and interfaces declared as members of the class represented by
1679 * this {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
1680 * (package) access, and private classes and interfaces declared by the
1681 * class, but excludes inherited classes and interfaces. This method
1682 * returns an array of length 0 if the class declares no classes or
1683 * interfaces as members, or if this {@code Class} object represents a
1684 * primitive type, an array class, or void.
1685 *
1686 * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing all the
1687 * declared members of this class
1688 * @exception SecurityException
1689 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1690 * following conditions is met:
1691 *
1692 * <ul>
1693 *
1694 * <li> invocation of
1695 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1696 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1697 * access to the declared classes within this class
1698 *
1699 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1700 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1701 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1702 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1703 * of this class
1704 *
1705 * </ul>
1706 *
1707 * @since JDK1.1
1708 */
1709 public Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses() throws SecurityException {
1710 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1711 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1712 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1713 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1714 return getDeclaredClasses0();
1715 }
1716
1717
1718 /**
1719 * Returns an array of {@code Field} objects reflecting all the fields
1720 * declared by the class or interface represented by this
1721 * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
1722 * (package) access, and private fields, but excludes inherited fields.
1723 * The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any
1724 * particular order. This method returns an array of length 0 if the class
1725 * or interface declares no fields, or if this {@code Class} object
1726 * represents a primitive type, an array class, or void.
1727 *
1728 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, sections 8.2 and 8.3.
1729 *
1730 * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing all the
1731 * declared fields of this class
1732 * @exception SecurityException
1733 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1734 * following conditions is met:
1735 *
1736 * <ul>
1737 *
1738 * <li> invocation of
1739 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1740 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1741 * access to the declared fields within this class
1742 *
1743 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1744 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1745 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1746 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1747 * of this class
1748 *
1749 * </ul>
1750 *
1751 * @since JDK1.1
1752 */
1753 public Field[] getDeclaredFields() throws SecurityException {
1754 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1755 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1756 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1757 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1758 return copyFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false));
1759 }
1760
1761
1762 /**
1763 * Returns an array of {@code Method} objects reflecting all the
1764 * methods declared by the class or interface represented by this
1765 * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
1766 * (package) access, and private methods, but excludes inherited methods.
1767 * The elements in the array returned are not sorted and are not in any
1768 * particular order. This method returns an array of length 0 if the class
1769 * or interface declares no methods, or if this {@code Class} object
1770 * represents a primitive type, an array class, or void. The class
1771 * initialization method {@code <clinit>} is not included in the
1772 * returned array. If the class declares multiple public member methods
1773 * with the same parameter types, they are all included in the returned
1774 * array.
1775 *
1776 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.
1777 *
1778 * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing all the
1779 * declared methods of this class
1780 * @exception SecurityException
1781 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1782 * following conditions is met:
1783 *
1784 * <ul>
1785 *
1786 * <li> invocation of
1787 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1788 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1789 * access to the declared methods within this class
1790 *
1791 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1792 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1793 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1794 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1795 * of this class
1796 *
1797 * </ul>
1798 *
1799 * @since JDK1.1
1800 */
1801 public Method[] getDeclaredMethods() throws SecurityException {
1802 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1803 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1804 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1805 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1806 return copyMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false));
1807 }
1808
1809
1810 /**
1811 * Returns an array of {@code Constructor} objects reflecting all the
1812 * constructors declared by the class represented by this
1813 * {@code Class} object. These are public, protected, default
1814 * (package) access, and private constructors. The elements in the array
1815 * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order. If the
1816 * class has a default constructor, it is included in the returned array.
1817 * This method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class}
1818 * object represents an interface, a primitive type, an array class, or
1819 * void.
1820 *
1821 * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.
1822 *
1823 * @return the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing all the
1824 * declared constructors of this class
1825 * @exception SecurityException
1826 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1827 * following conditions is met:
1828 *
1829 * <ul>
1830 *
1831 * <li> invocation of
1832 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1833 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1834 * access to the declared constructors within this class
1835 *
1836 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1837 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1838 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1839 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1840 * of this class
1841 *
1842 * </ul>
1843 *
1844 * @since JDK1.1
1845 */
1846 public Constructor<?>[] getDeclaredConstructors() throws SecurityException {
1847 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1848 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1849 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1850 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1851 return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(false));
1852 }
1853
1854
1855 /**
1856 * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified declared
1857 * field of the class or interface represented by this {@code Class}
1858 * object. The {@code name} parameter is a {@code String} that
1859 * specifies the simple name of the desired field. Note that this method
1860 * will not reflect the {@code length} field of an array class.
1861 *
1862 * @param name the name of the field
1863 * @return the {@code Field} object for the specified field in this
1864 * class
1865 * @exception NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
1866 * not found.
1867 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1868 * @exception SecurityException
1869 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1870 * following conditions is met:
1871 *
1872 * <ul>
1873 *
1874 * <li> invocation of
1875 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1876 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1877 * access to the declared field
1878 *
1879 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1880 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1881 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1882 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1883 * of this class
1884 *
1885 * </ul>
1886 *
1887 * @since JDK1.1
1888 */
1889 public Field getDeclaredField(String name)
1890 throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {
1891 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1892 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1893 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1894 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1895 Field field = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false), name);
1896 if (field == null) {
1897 throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
1898 }
1899 return field;
1900 }
1901
1902
1903 /**
1904 * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified
1905 * declared method of the class or interface represented by this
1906 * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
1907 * {@code String} that specifies the simple name of the desired
1908 * method, and the {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
1909 * {@code Class} objects that identify the method's formal parameter
1910 * types, in declared order. If more than one method with the same
1911 * parameter types is declared in a class, and one of these methods has a
1912 * return type that is more specific than any of the others, that method is
1913 * returned; otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily. If the
1914 * name is "<init>"or "<clinit>" a {@code NoSuchMethodException}
1915 * is raised.
1916 *
1917 * @param name the name of the method
1918 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
1919 * @return the {@code Method} object for the method of this class
1920 * matching the specified name and parameters
1921 * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
1922 * @exception NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
1923 * @exception SecurityException
1924 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1925 * following conditions is met:
1926 *
1927 * <ul>
1928 *
1929 * <li> invocation of
1930 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1931 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1932 * access to the declared method
1933 *
1934 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1935 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1936 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1937 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1938 * of this class
1939 *
1940 * </ul>
1941 *
1942 * @since JDK1.1
1943 */
1944 public Method getDeclaredMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1945 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1946 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1947 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1948 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1949 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
1950 Method method = searchMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false), name, parameterTypes);
1951 if (method == null) {
1952 throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + "." + name + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));
1953 }
1954 return method;
1955 }
1956
1957
1958 /**
1959 * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified
1960 * constructor of the class or interface represented by this
1961 * {@code Class} object. The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is
1962 * an array of {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's
1963 * formal parameter types, in declared order.
1964 *
1965 * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class
1966 * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types
1967 * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
1968 *
1969 * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
1970 * @return The {@code Constructor} object for the constructor with the
1971 * specified parameter list
1972 * @exception NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
1973 * @exception SecurityException
1974 * If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1975 * following conditions is met:
1976 *
1977 * <ul>
1978 *
1979 * <li> invocation of
1980 * {@link SecurityManager#checkMemberAccess
1981 * s.checkMemberAccess(this, Member.DECLARED)} denies
1982 * access to the declared constructor
1983 *
1984 * <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1985 * ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1986 * invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1987 * s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1988 * of this class
1989 *
1990 * </ul>
1991 *
1992 * @since JDK1.1
1993 */
1994 public Constructor<T> getDeclaredConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
1995 throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
1996 // be very careful not to change the stack depth of this
1997 // checkMemberAccess call for security reasons
1998 // see java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess
1999 checkMemberAccess(Member.DECLARED, ClassLoader.getCallerClassLoader());
2000 return getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.DECLARED);
2001 }
2002
2003 /**
2004 * Finds a resource with a given name. The rules for searching resources
2005 * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining
2006 * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class. This method
2007 * delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by
2008 * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
2009 * ClassLoader#getSystemResourceAsStream}.
2010 *
2011 * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
2012 * given resource name using this algorithm:
2013 *
2014 * <ul>
2015 *
2016 * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
2017 * (<tt>'\u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
2018 * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
2019 *
2020 * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
2021 *
2022 * <blockquote>
2023 * {@code modified_package_name/name}
2024 * </blockquote>
2025 *
2026 * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
2027 * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
2028 * (<tt>'\u002e'</tt>).
2029 *
2030 * </ul>
2031 *
2032 * @param name name of the desired resource
2033 * @return A {@link java.io.InputStream} object or {@code null} if
2034 * no resource with this name is found
2035 * @throws NullPointerException If {@code name} is {@code null}
2036 * @since JDK1.1
2037 */
2038 public InputStream getResourceAsStream(String name) {
2039 name = resolveName(name);
2040 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2041 if (cl==null) {
2042 // A system class.
2043 return ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name);
2044 }
2045 return cl.getResourceAsStream(name);
2046 }
2047
2048 /**
2049 * Finds a resource with a given name. The rules for searching resources
2050 * associated with a given class are implemented by the defining
2051 * {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class. This method
2052 * delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by
2053 * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
2054 * ClassLoader#getSystemResource}.
2055 *
2056 * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
2057 * given resource name using this algorithm:
2058 *
2059 * <ul>
2060 *
2061 * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
2062 * (<tt>'\u002f'</tt>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
2063 * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
2064 *
2065 * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
2066 *
2067 * <blockquote>
2068 * {@code modified_package_name/name}
2069 * </blockquote>
2070 *
2071 * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
2072 * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
2073 * (<tt>'\u002e'</tt>).
2074 *
2075 * </ul>
2076 *
2077 * @param name name of the desired resource
2078 * @return A {@link java.net.URL} object or {@code null} if no
2079 * resource with this name is found
2080 * @since JDK1.1
2081 */
2082 public java.net.URL getResource(String name) {
2083 name = resolveName(name);
2084 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2085 if (cl==null) {
2086 // A system class.
2087 return ClassLoader.getSystemResource(name);
2088 }
2089 return cl.getResource(name);
2090 }
2091
2092
2093
2094 /** protection domain returned when the internal domain is null */
2095 private static java.security.ProtectionDomain allPermDomain;
2096
2097
2098 /**
2099 * Returns the {@code ProtectionDomain} of this class. If there is a
2100 * security manager installed, this method first calls the security
2101 * manager's {@code checkPermission} method with a
2102 * {@code RuntimePermission("getProtectionDomain")} permission to
2103 * ensure it's ok to get the
2104 * {@code ProtectionDomain}.
2105 *
2106 * @return the ProtectionDomain of this class
2107 *
2108 * @throws SecurityException
2109 * if a security manager exists and its
2110 * {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow
2111 * getting the ProtectionDomain.
2112 *
2113 * @see java.security.ProtectionDomain
2114 * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
2115 * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
2116 * @since 1.2
2117 */
2118 public java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain() {
2119 SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2120 if (sm != null) {
2121 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_PD_PERMISSION);
2122 }
2123 java.security.ProtectionDomain pd = getProtectionDomain0();
2124 if (pd == null) {
2125 if (allPermDomain == null) {
2126 java.security.Permissions perms =
2127 new java.security.Permissions();
2128 perms.add(SecurityConstants.ALL_PERMISSION);
2129 allPermDomain =
2130 new java.security.ProtectionDomain(null, perms);
2131 }
2132 pd = allPermDomain;
2133 }
2134 return pd;
2135 }
2136
2137
2138 /**
2139 * Returns the ProtectionDomain of this class.
2140 */
2141 private native java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain0();
2142
2143
2144 /**
2145 * Set the ProtectionDomain for this class. Called by
2146 * ClassLoader.defineClass.
2147 */
2148 native void setProtectionDomain0(java.security.ProtectionDomain pd);
2149
2150
2151 /*
2152 * Return the Virtual Machine's Class object for the named
2153 * primitive type.
2154 */
2155 static native Class getPrimitiveClass(String name);
2156
2157
2158 /*
2159 * Check if client is allowed to access members. If access is denied,
2160 * throw a SecurityException.
2161 *
2162 * Be very careful not to change the stack depth of this checkMemberAccess
2163 * call for security reasons.
2164 * See java.lang.SecurityManager.checkMemberAccess.
2165 *
2166 * <p> Default policy: allow all clients access with normal Java access
2167 * control.
2168 */
2169 private void checkMemberAccess(int which, ClassLoader ccl) {
2170 SecurityManager s = System.getSecurityManager();
2171 if (s != null) {
2172 s.checkMemberAccess(this, which);
2173 ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2174 if ((ccl != null) && (ccl != cl) &&
2175 ((cl == null) || !cl.isAncestor(ccl))) {
2176 String name = this.getName();
2177 int i = name.lastIndexOf('.');
2178 if (i != -1) {
2179 s.checkPackageAccess(name.substring(0, i));
2180 }
2181 }
2182 }
2183 }
2184
2185 /**
2186 * Add a package name prefix if the name is not absolute Remove leading "/"
2187 * if name is absolute
2188 */
2189 private String resolveName(String name) {
2190 if (name == null) {
2191 return name;
2192 }
2193 if (!name.startsWith("/")) {
2194 Class<?> c = this;
2195 while (c.isArray()) {
2196 c = c.getComponentType();
2197 }
2198 String baseName = c.getName();
2199 int index = baseName.lastIndexOf('.');
2200 if (index != -1) {
2201 name = baseName.substring(0, index).replace('.', '/')
2202 +"/"+name;
2203 }
2204 } else {
2205 name = name.substring(1);
2206 }
2207 return name;
2208 }
2209
2210 /**
2211 * Reflection support.
2212 */
2213
2214 // Caches for certain reflective results
2215 private static boolean useCaches = true;
2216 private volatile transient SoftReference<Field[]> declaredFields;
2217 private volatile transient SoftReference<Field[]> publicFields;
2218 private volatile transient SoftReference<Method[]> declaredMethods;
2219 private volatile transient SoftReference<Method[]> publicMethods;
2220 private volatile transient SoftReference<Constructor<T>[]> declaredConstructors;
2221 private volatile transient SoftReference<Constructor<T>[]> publicConstructors;
2222 // Intermediate results for getFields and getMethods
2223 private volatile transient SoftReference<Field[]> declaredPublicFields;
2224 private volatile transient SoftReference<Method[]> declaredPublicMethods;
2225
2226 // Incremented by the VM on each call to JVM TI RedefineClasses()
2227 // that redefines this class or a superclass.
2228 private volatile transient int classRedefinedCount = 0;
2229
2230 // Value of classRedefinedCount when we last cleared the cached values
2231 // that are sensitive to class redefinition.
2232 private volatile transient int lastRedefinedCount = 0;
2233
2234 // Clears cached values that might possibly have been obsoleted by
2235 // a class redefinition.
2236 private void clearCachesOnClassRedefinition() {
2237 if (lastRedefinedCount != classRedefinedCount) {
2238 declaredFields = publicFields = declaredPublicFields = null;
2239 declaredMethods = publicMethods = declaredPublicMethods = null;
2240 declaredConstructors = publicConstructors = null;
2241 annotations = declaredAnnotations = null;
2242
2243 // Use of "volatile" (and synchronization by caller in the case
2244 // of annotations) ensures that no thread sees the update to
2245 // lastRedefinedCount before seeing the caches cleared.
2246 // We do not guard against brief windows during which multiple
2247 // threads might redundantly work to fill an empty cache.
2248 lastRedefinedCount = classRedefinedCount;
2249 }
2250 }
2251
2252 // Generic signature handling
2253 private native String getGenericSignature();
2254
2255 // Generic info repository; lazily initialized
2256 private transient ClassRepository genericInfo;
2257
2258 // accessor for factory
2259 private GenericsFactory getFactory() {
2260 // create scope and factory
2261 return CoreReflectionFactory.make(this, ClassScope.make(this));
2262 }
2263
2264 // accessor for generic info repository
2265 private ClassRepository getGenericInfo() {
2266 // lazily initialize repository if necessary
2267 if (genericInfo == null) {
2268 // create and cache generic info repository
2269 genericInfo = ClassRepository.make(getGenericSignature(),
2270 getFactory());
2271 }
2272 return genericInfo; //return cached repository
2273 }
2274
2275 // Annotations handling
2276 private native byte[] getRawAnnotations();
2277
2278 native ConstantPool getConstantPool();
2279
2280 //
2281 //
2282 // java.lang.reflect.Field handling
2283 //
2284 //
2285
2286 // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT
2287 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2288 // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
2289 private Field[] privateGetDeclaredFields(boolean publicOnly) {
2290 checkInitted();
2291 Field[] res = null;
2292 if (useCaches) {
2293 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2294 if (publicOnly) {
2295 if (declaredPublicFields != null) {
2296 res = declaredPublicFields.get();
2297 }
2298 } else {
2299 if (declaredFields != null) {
2300 res = declaredFields.get();
2301 }
2302 }
2303 if (res != null) return res;
2304 }
2305 // No cached value available; request value from VM
2306 res = Reflection.filterFields(this, getDeclaredFields0(publicOnly));
2307 if (useCaches) {
2308 if (publicOnly) {
2309 declaredPublicFields = new SoftReference<>(res);
2310 } else {
2311 declaredFields = new SoftReference<>(res);
2312 }
2313 }
2314 return res;
2315 }
2316
2317 // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT
2318 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2319 // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
2320 private Field[] privateGetPublicFields(Set<Class<?>> traversedInterfaces) {
2321 checkInitted();
2322 Field[] res = null;
2323 if (useCaches) {
2324 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2325 if (publicFields != null) {
2326 res = publicFields.get();
2327 }
2328 if (res != null) return res;
2329 }
2330
2331 // No cached value available; compute value recursively.
2332 // Traverse in correct order for getField().
2333 List<Field> fields = new ArrayList<>();
2334 if (traversedInterfaces == null) {
2335 traversedInterfaces = new HashSet<>();
2336 }
2337
2338 // Local fields
2339 Field[] tmp = privateGetDeclaredFields(true);
2340 addAll(fields, tmp);
2341
2342 // Direct superinterfaces, recursively
2343 for (Class<?> c : getInterfaces()) {
2344 if (!traversedInterfaces.contains(c)) {
2345 traversedInterfaces.add(c);
2346 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));
2347 }
2348 }
2349
2350 // Direct superclass, recursively
2351 if (!isInterface()) {
2352 Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
2353 if (c != null) {
2354 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));
2355 }
2356 }
2357
2358 res = new Field[fields.size()];
2359 fields.toArray(res);
2360 if (useCaches) {
2361 publicFields = new SoftReference<>(res);
2362 }
2363 return res;
2364 }
2365
2366 private static void addAll(Collection<Field> c, Field[] o) {
2367 for (int i = 0; i < o.length; i++) {
2368 c.add(o[i]);
2369 }
2370 }
2371
2372
2373 //
2374 //
2375 // java.lang.reflect.Constructor handling
2376 //
2377 //
2378
2379 // Returns an array of "root" constructors. These Constructor
2380 // objects must NOT be propagated to the outside world, but must
2381 // instead be copied via ReflectionFactory.copyConstructor.
2382 private Constructor<T>[] privateGetDeclaredConstructors(boolean publicOnly) {
2383 checkInitted();
2384 Constructor<T>[] res = null;
2385 if (useCaches) {
2386 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2387 if (publicOnly) {
2388 if (publicConstructors != null) {
2389 res = publicConstructors.get();
2390 }
2391 } else {
2392 if (declaredConstructors != null) {
2393 res = declaredConstructors.get();
2394 }
2395 }
2396 if (res != null) return res;
2397 }
2398 // No cached value available; request value from VM
2399 if (isInterface()) {
2400 res = new Constructor[0];
2401 } else {
2402 res = getDeclaredConstructors0(publicOnly);
2403 }
2404 if (useCaches) {
2405 if (publicOnly) {
2406 publicConstructors = new SoftReference<>(res);
2407 } else {
2408 declaredConstructors = new SoftReference<>(res);
2409 }
2410 }
2411 return res;
2412 }
2413
2414 //
2415 //
2416 // java.lang.reflect.Method handling
2417 //
2418 //
2419
2420 // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT
2421 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2422 // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
2423 private Method[] privateGetDeclaredMethods(boolean publicOnly) {
2424 checkInitted();
2425 Method[] res = null;
2426 if (useCaches) {
2427 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2428 if (publicOnly) {
2429 if (declaredPublicMethods != null) {
2430 res = declaredPublicMethods.get();
2431 }
2432 } else {
2433 if (declaredMethods != null) {
2434 res = declaredMethods.get();
2435 }
2436 }
2437 if (res != null) return res;
2438 }
2439 // No cached value available; request value from VM
2440 res = Reflection.filterMethods(this, getDeclaredMethods0(publicOnly));
2441 if (useCaches) {
2442 if (publicOnly) {
2443 declaredPublicMethods = new SoftReference<>(res);
2444 } else {
2445 declaredMethods = new SoftReference<>(res);
2446 }
2447 }
2448 return res;
2449 }
2450
2451 static class MethodArray {
2452 private Method[] methods;
2453 private int length;
2454
2455 MethodArray() {
2456 methods = new Method[20];
2457 length = 0;
2458 }
2459
2460 void add(Method m) {
2461 if (length == methods.length) {
2462 methods = Arrays.copyOf(methods, 2 * methods.length);
2463 }
2464 methods[length++] = m;
2465 }
2466
2467 void addAll(Method[] ma) {
2468 for (int i = 0; i < ma.length; i++) {
2469 add(ma[i]);
2470 }
2471 }
2472
2473 void addAll(MethodArray ma) {
2474 for (int i = 0; i < ma.length(); i++) {
2475 add(ma.get(i));
2476 }
2477 }
2478
2479 void addIfNotPresent(Method newMethod) {
2480 for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
2481 Method m = methods[i];
2482 if (m == newMethod || (m != null && m.equals(newMethod))) {
2483 return;
2484 }
2485 }
2486 add(newMethod);
2487 }
2488
2489 void addAllIfNotPresent(MethodArray newMethods) {
2490 for (int i = 0; i < newMethods.length(); i++) {
2491 Method m = newMethods.get(i);
2492 if (m != null) {
2493 addIfNotPresent(m);
2494 }
2495 }
2496 }
2497
2498 int length() {
2499 return length;
2500 }
2501
2502 Method get(int i) {
2503 return methods[i];
2504 }
2505
2506 void removeByNameAndSignature(Method toRemove) {
2507 for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
2508 Method m = methods[i];
2509 if (m != null &&
2510 m.getReturnType() == toRemove.getReturnType() &&
2511 m.getName() == toRemove.getName() &&
2512 arrayContentsEq(m.getParameterTypes(),
2513 toRemove.getParameterTypes())) {
2514 methods[i] = null;
2515 }
2516 }
2517 }
2518
2519 void compactAndTrim() {
2520 int newPos = 0;
2521 // Get rid of null slots
2522 for (int pos = 0; pos < length; pos++) {
2523 Method m = methods[pos];
2524 if (m != null) {
2525 if (pos != newPos) {
2526 methods[newPos] = m;
2527 }
2528 newPos++;
2529 }
2530 }
2531 if (newPos != methods.length) {
2532 methods = Arrays.copyOf(methods, newPos);
2533 }
2534 }
2535
2536 Method[] getArray() {
2537 return methods;
2538 }
2539 }
2540
2541
2542 // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT
2543 // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
2544 // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
2545 private Method[] privateGetPublicMethods() {
2546 checkInitted();
2547 Method[] res = null;
2548 if (useCaches) {
2549 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
2550 if (publicMethods != null) {
2551 res = publicMethods.get();
2552 }
2553 if (res != null) return res;
2554 }
2555
2556 // No cached value available; compute value recursively.
2557 // Start by fetching public declared methods
2558 MethodArray methods = new MethodArray();
2559 {
2560 Method[] tmp = privateGetDeclaredMethods(true);
2561 methods.addAll(tmp);
2562 }
2563 // Now recur over superclass and direct superinterfaces.
2564 // Go over superinterfaces first so we can more easily filter
2565 // out concrete implementations inherited from superclasses at
2566 // the end.
2567 MethodArray inheritedMethods = new MethodArray();
2568 Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
2569 for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
2570 inheritedMethods.addAll(interfaces[i].privateGetPublicMethods());
2571 }
2572 if (!isInterface()) {
2573 Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
2574 if (c != null) {
2575 MethodArray supers = new MethodArray();
2576 supers.addAll(c.privateGetPublicMethods());
2577 // Filter out concrete implementations of any
2578 // interface methods
2579 for (int i = 0; i < supers.length(); i++) {
2580 Method m = supers.get(i);
2581 if (m != null && !Modifier.isAbstract(m.getModifiers())) {
2582 inheritedMethods.removeByNameAndSignature(m);
2583 }
2584 }
2585 // Insert superclass's inherited methods before
2586 // superinterfaces' to satisfy getMethod's search
2587 // order
2588 supers.addAll(inheritedMethods);
2589 inheritedMethods = supers;
2590 }
2591 }
2592 // Filter out all local methods from inherited ones
2593 for (int i = 0; i < methods.length(); i++) {
2594 Method m = methods.get(i);
2595 inheritedMethods.removeByNameAndSignature(m);
2596 }
2597 methods.addAllIfNotPresent(inheritedMethods);
2598 methods.compactAndTrim();
2599 res = methods.getArray();
2600 if (useCaches) {
2601 publicMethods = new SoftReference<>(res);
2602 }
2603 return res;
2604 }
2605
2606
2607 //
2608 // Helpers for fetchers of one field, method, or constructor
2609 //
2610
2611 private Field searchFields(Field[] fields, String name) {
2612 String internedName = name.intern();
2613 for (int i = 0; i < fields.length; i++) {
2614 if (fields[i].getName() == internedName) {
2615 return getReflectionFactory().copyField(fields[i]);
2616 }
2617 }
2618 return null;
2619 }
2620
2621 private Field getField0(String name) throws NoSuchFieldException {
2622 // Note: the intent is that the search algorithm this routine
2623 // uses be equivalent to the ordering imposed by
2624 // privateGetPublicFields(). It fetches only the declared
2625 // public fields for each class, however, to reduce the number
2626 // of Field objects which have to be created for the common
2627 // case where the field being requested is declared in the
2628 // class which is being queried.
2629 Field res = null;
2630 // Search declared public fields
2631 if ((res = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(true), name)) != null) {
2632 return res;
2633 }
2634 // Direct superinterfaces, recursively
2635 Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
2636 for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
2637 Class<?> c = interfaces[i];
2638 if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {
2639 return res;
2640 }
2641 }
2642 // Direct superclass, recursively
2643 if (!isInterface()) {
2644 Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
2645 if (c != null) {
2646 if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {
2647 return res;
2648 }
2649 }
2650 }
2651 return null;
2652 }
2653
2654 private static Method searchMethods(Method[] methods,
2655 String name,
2656 Class<?>[] parameterTypes)
2657 {
2658 Method res = null;
2659 String internedName = name.intern();
2660 for (int i = 0; i < methods.length; i++) {
2661 Method m = methods[i];
2662 if (m.getName() == internedName
2663 && arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes, m.getParameterTypes())
2664 && (res == null
2665 || res.getReturnType().isAssignableFrom(m.getReturnType())))
2666 res = m;
2667 }
2668
2669 return (res == null ? res : getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(res));
2670 }
2671
2672
2673 private Method getMethod0(String name, Class<?>[] parameterTypes) {
2674 // Note: the intent is that the search algorithm this routine
2675 // uses be equivalent to the ordering imposed by
2676 // privateGetPublicMethods(). It fetches only the declared
2677 // public methods for each class, however, to reduce the
2678 // number of Method objects which have to be created for the
2679 // common case where the method being requested is declared in
2680 // the class which is being queried.
2681 Method res = null;
2682 // Search declared public methods
2683 if ((res = searchMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(true),
2684 name,
2685 parameterTypes)) != null) {
2686 return res;
2687 }
2688 // Search superclass's methods
2689 if (!isInterface()) {
2690 Class<? super T> c = getSuperclass();
2691 if (c != null) {
2692 if ((res = c.getMethod0(name, parameterTypes)) != null) {
2693 return res;
2694 }
2695 }
2696 }
2697 // Search superinterfaces' methods
2698 Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces();
2699 for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; i++) {
2700 Class<?> c = interfaces[i];
2701 if ((res = c.getMethod0(name, parameterTypes)) != null) {
2702 return res;
2703 }
2704 }
2705 // Not found
2706 return null;
2707 }
2708
2709 private Constructor<T> getConstructor0(Class<?>[] parameterTypes,
2710 int which) throws NoSuchMethodException
2711 {
2712 Constructor<T>[] constructors = privateGetDeclaredConstructors((which == Member.PUBLIC));
2713 for (Constructor<T> constructor : constructors) {
2714 if (arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes,
2715 constructor.getParameterTypes())) {
2716 return getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(constructor);
2717 }
2718 }
2719 throw new NoSuchMethodException(getName() + ".<init>" + argumentTypesToString(parameterTypes));
2720 }
2721
2722 //
2723 // Other helpers and base implementation
2724 //
2725
2726 private static boolean arrayContentsEq(Object[] a1, Object[] a2) {
2727 if (a1 == null) {
2728 return a2 == null || a2.length == 0;
2729 }
2730
2731 if (a2 == null) {
2732 return a1.length == 0;
2733 }
2734
2735 if (a1.length != a2.length) {
2736 return false;
2737 }
2738
2739 for (int i = 0; i < a1.length; i++) {
2740 if (a1[i] != a2[i]) {
2741 return false;
2742 }
2743 }
2744
2745 return true;
2746 }
2747
2748 private static Field[] copyFields(Field[] arg) {
2749 Field[] out = new Field[arg.length];
2750 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
2751 for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
2752 out[i] = fact.copyField(arg[i]);
2753 }
2754 return out;
2755 }
2756
2757 private static Method[] copyMethods(Method[] arg) {
2758 Method[] out = new Method[arg.length];
2759 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
2760 for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
2761 out[i] = fact.copyMethod(arg[i]);
2762 }
2763 return out;
2764 }
2765
2766 private static <U> Constructor<U>[] copyConstructors(Constructor<U>[] arg) {
2767 Constructor<U>[] out = arg.clone();
2768 ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
2769 for (int i = 0; i < out.length; i++) {
2770 out[i] = fact.copyConstructor(out[i]);
2771 }
2772 return out;
2773 }
2774
2775 private native Field[] getDeclaredFields0(boolean publicOnly);
2776 private native Method[] getDeclaredMethods0(boolean publicOnly);
2777 private native Constructor<T>[] getDeclaredConstructors0(boolean publicOnly);
2778 private native Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses0();
2779
2780 private static String argumentTypesToString(Class<?>[] argTypes) {
2781 StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
2782 buf.append("(");
2783 if (argTypes != null) {
2784 for (int i = 0; i < argTypes.length; i++) {
2785 if (i > 0) {
2786 buf.append(", ");
2787 }
2788 Class<?> c = argTypes[i];
2789 buf.append((c == null) ? "null" : c.getName());
2790 }
2791 }
2792 buf.append(")");
2793 return buf.toString();
2794 }
2795
2796 /** use serialVersionUID from JDK 1.1 for interoperability */
2797 private static final long serialVersionUID = 3206093459760846163L;
2798
2799
2800 /**
2801 * Class Class is special cased within the Serialization Stream Protocol.
2802 *
2803 * A Class instance is written initially into an ObjectOutputStream in the
2804 * following format:
2805 * <pre>
2806 * {@code TC_CLASS} ClassDescriptor
2807 * A ClassDescriptor is a special cased serialization of
2808 * a {@code java.io.ObjectStreamClass} instance.
2809 * </pre>
2810 * A new handle is generated for the initial time the class descriptor
2811 * is written into the stream. Future references to the class descriptor
2812 * are written as references to the initial class descriptor instance.
2813 *
2814 * @see java.io.ObjectStreamClass
2815 */
2816 private static final ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields =
2817 new ObjectStreamField[0];
2818
2819
2820 /**
2821 * Returns the assertion status that would be assigned to this
2822 * class if it were to be initialized at the time this method is invoked.
2823 * If this class has had its assertion status set, the most recent
2824 * setting will be returned; otherwise, if any package default assertion
2825 * status pertains to this class, the most recent setting for the most
2826 * specific pertinent package default assertion status is returned;
2827 * otherwise, if this class is not a system class (i.e., it has a
2828 * class loader) its class loader's default assertion status is returned;
2829 * otherwise, the system class default assertion status is returned.
2830 * <p>
2831 * Few programmers will have any need for this method; it is provided
2832 * for the benefit of the JRE itself. (It allows a class to determine at
2833 * the time that it is initialized whether assertions should be enabled.)
2834 * Note that this method is not guaranteed to return the actual
2835 * assertion status that was (or will be) associated with the specified
2836 * class when it was (or will be) initialized.
2837 *
2838 * @return the desired assertion status of the specified class.
2839 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#setClassAssertionStatus
2840 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#setPackageAssertionStatus
2841 * @see java.lang.ClassLoader#setDefaultAssertionStatus
2842 * @since 1.4
2843 */
2844 public boolean desiredAssertionStatus() {
2845 ClassLoader loader = getClassLoader();
2846 // If the loader is null this is a system class, so ask the VM
2847 if (loader == null)
2848 return desiredAssertionStatus0(this);
2849
2850 // If the classloader has been initialized with the assertion
2851 // directives, ask it. Otherwise, ask the VM.
2852 synchronized(loader.assertionLock) {
2853 if (loader.classAssertionStatus != null) {
2854 return loader.desiredAssertionStatus(getName());
2855 }
2856 }
2857 return desiredAssertionStatus0(this);
2858 }
2859
2860 // Retrieves the desired assertion status of this class from the VM
2861 private static native boolean desiredAssertionStatus0(Class<?> clazz);
2862
2863 /**
2864 * Returns true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
2865 * source code.
2866 *
2867 * @return true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
2868 * source code
2869 * @since 1.5
2870 */
2871 public boolean isEnum() {
2872 // An enum must both directly extend java.lang.Enum and have
2873 // the ENUM bit set; classes for specialized enum constants
2874 // don't do the former.
2875 return (this.getModifiers() & ENUM) != 0 &&
2876 this.getSuperclass() == java.lang.Enum.class;
2877 }
2878
2879 // Fetches the factory for reflective objects
2880 private static ReflectionFactory getReflectionFactory() {
2881 if (reflectionFactory == null) {
2882 reflectionFactory =
2883 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged
2884 (new sun.reflect.ReflectionFactory.GetReflectionFactoryAction());
2885 }
2886 return reflectionFactory;
2887 }
2888 private static ReflectionFactory reflectionFactory;
2889
2890 // To be able to query system properties as soon as they're available
2891 private static boolean initted = false;
2892 private static void checkInitted() {
2893 if (initted) return;
2894 AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
2895 public Void run() {
2896 // Tests to ensure the system properties table is fully
2897 // initialized. This is needed because reflection code is
2898 // called very early in the initialization process (before
2899 // command-line arguments have been parsed and therefore
2900 // these user-settable properties installed.) We assume that
2901 // if System.out is non-null then the System class has been
2902 // fully initialized and that the bulk of the startup code
2903 // has been run.
2904
2905 if (System.out == null) {
2906 // java.lang.System not yet fully initialized
2907 return null;
2908 }
2909
2910 String val =
2911 System.getProperty("sun.reflect.noCaches");
2912 if (val != null && val.equals("true")) {
2913 useCaches = false;
2914 }
2915
2916 initted = true;
2917 return null;
2918 }
2919 });
2920 }
2921
2922 /**
2923 * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this
2924 * Class object does not represent an enum type.
2925 *
2926 * @return an array containing the values comprising the enum class
2927 * represented by this Class object in the order they're
2928 * declared, or null if this Class object does not
2929 * represent an enum type
2930 * @since 1.5
2931 */
2932 public T[] getEnumConstants() {
2933 T[] values = getEnumConstantsShared();
2934 return (values != null) ? values.clone() : null;
2935 }
2936
2937 /**
2938 * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this
2939 * Class object does not represent an enum type;
2940 * identical to getEnumConstants except that the result is
2941 * uncloned, cached, and shared by all callers.
2942 */
2943 T[] getEnumConstantsShared() {
2944 if (enumConstants == null) {
2945 if (!isEnum()) return null;
2946 try {
2947 final Method values = getMethod("values");
2948 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
2949 new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
2950 public Void run() {
2951 values.setAccessible(true);
2952 return null;
2953 }
2954 });
2955 enumConstants = (T[])values.invoke(null);
2956 }
2957 // These can happen when users concoct enum-like classes
2958 // that don't comply with the enum spec.
2959 catch (InvocationTargetException ex) { return null; }
2960 catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) { return null; }
2961 catch (IllegalAccessException ex) { return null; }
2962 }
2963 return enumConstants;
2964 }
2965 private volatile transient T[] enumConstants = null;
2966
2967 /**
2968 * Returns a map from simple name to enum constant. This package-private
2969 * method is used internally by Enum to implement
2970 * public static <T extends Enum<T>> T valueOf(Class<T>, String)
2971 * efficiently. Note that the map is returned by this method is
2972 * created lazily on first use. Typically it won't ever get created.
2973 */
2974 Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory() {
2975 if (enumConstantDirectory == null) {
2976 T[] universe = getEnumConstantsShared();
2977 if (universe == null)
2978 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
2979 getName() + " is not an enum type");
2980 Map<String, T> m = new HashMap<>(2 * universe.length);
2981 for (T constant : universe)
2982 m.put(((Enum<?>)constant).name(), constant);
2983 enumConstantDirectory = m;
2984 }
2985 return enumConstantDirectory;
2986 }
2987 private volatile transient Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory = null;
2988
2989 /**
2990 * Casts an object to the class or interface represented
2991 * by this {@code Class} object.
2992 *
2993 * @param obj the object to be cast
2994 * @return the object after casting, or null if obj is null
2995 *
2996 * @throws ClassCastException if the object is not
2997 * null and is not assignable to the type T.
2998 *
2999 * @since 1.5
3000 */
3001 public T cast(Object obj) {
3002 if (obj != null && !isInstance(obj))
3003 throw new ClassCastException(cannotCastMsg(obj));
3004 return (T) obj;
3005 }
3006
3007 private String cannotCastMsg(Object obj) {
3008 return "Cannot cast " + obj.getClass().getName() + " to " + getName();
3009 }
3010
3011 /**
3012 * Casts this {@code Class} object to represent a subclass of the class
3013 * represented by the specified class object. Checks that that the cast
3014 * is valid, and throws a {@code ClassCastException} if it is not. If
3015 * this method succeeds, it always returns a reference to this class object.
3016 *
3017 * <p>This method is useful when a client needs to "narrow" the type of
3018 * a {@code Class} object to pass it to an API that restricts the
3019 * {@code Class} objects that it is willing to accept. A cast would
3020 * generate a compile-time warning, as the correctness of the cast
3021 * could not be checked at runtime (because generic types are implemented
3022 * by erasure).
3023 *
3024 * @return this {@code Class} object, cast to represent a subclass of
3025 * the specified class object.
3026 * @throws ClassCastException if this {@code Class} object does not
3027 * represent a subclass of the specified class (here "subclass" includes
3028 * the class itself).
3029 * @since 1.5
3030 */
3031 public <U> Class<? extends U> asSubclass(Class<U> clazz) {
3032 if (clazz.isAssignableFrom(this))
3033 return (Class<? extends U>) this;
3034 else
3035 throw new ClassCastException(this.toString());
3036 }
3037
3038 /**
3039 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3040 * @since 1.5
3041 */
3042 public <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3043 if (annotationClass == null)
3044 throw new NullPointerException();
3045
3046 initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3047 return (A) annotations.get(annotationClass);
3048 }
3049
3050 /**
3051 * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3052 * @since 1.5
3053 */
3054 public boolean isAnnotationPresent(
3055 Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass) {
3056 if (annotationClass == null)
3057 throw new NullPointerException();
3058
3059 return getAnnotation(annotationClass) != null;
3060 }
3061
3062
3063 /**
3064 * @since 1.5
3065 */
3066 public Annotation[] getAnnotations() {
3067 initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3068 return AnnotationParser.toArray(annotations);
3069 }
3070
3071 /**
3072 * @since 1.5
3073 */
3074 public Annotation[] getDeclaredAnnotations() {
3075 initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3076 return AnnotationParser.toArray(declaredAnnotations);
3077 }
3078
3079 // Annotations cache
3080 private transient Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations;
3081 private transient Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declaredAnnotations;
3082
3083 private synchronized void initAnnotationsIfNecessary() {
3084 clearCachesOnClassRedefinition();
3085 if (annotations != null)
3086 return;
3087 declaredAnnotations = AnnotationParser.parseAnnotations(
3088 getRawAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this);
3089 Class<?> superClass = getSuperclass();
3090 if (superClass == null) {
3091 annotations = declaredAnnotations;
3092 } else {
3093 annotations = new HashMap<>();
3094 superClass.initAnnotationsIfNecessary();
3095 for (Map.Entry<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> e : superClass.annotations.entrySet()) {
3096 Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass = e.getKey();
3097 if (AnnotationType.getInstance(annotationClass).isInherited())
3098 annotations.put(annotationClass, e.getValue());
3099 }
3100 annotations.putAll(declaredAnnotations);
3101 }
3102 }
3103
3104 // Annotation types cache their internal (AnnotationType) form
3105
3106 private AnnotationType annotationType;
3107
3108 void setAnnotationType(AnnotationType type) {
3109 annotationType = type;
3110 }
3111
3112 AnnotationType getAnnotationType() {
3113 return annotationType;
3114 }
3115 }