1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1995, 2000, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 package java.lang;
  27 
  28 /**
  29  * {@code RuntimeException} is the superclass of those
  30  * exceptions that can be thrown during the normal operation of the
  31  * Java Virtual Machine.
  32  *
  33  * <p>{@code RuntimeException} and its subclasses are <em>unchecked
  34  * exceptions</em>.  Unchecked exceptions do <em>not</em> need to be
  35  * declared in a method or constructor's {@code throws} clause if they
  36  * can be thrown by the execution of the method or constructor and
  37  * propagate outside the method or constructor boundary.
  38  *
  39  * @author  Frank Yellin
  40  * @jls3 11.2 Compile-Time Checking of Exceptions
  41  * @since   JDK1.0
  42  */
  43 public class RuntimeException extends Exception {
  44     static final long serialVersionUID = -7034897190745766939L;
  45 
  46     /** Constructs a new runtime exception with {@code null} as its
  47      * detail message.  The cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be
  48      * initialized by a call to {@link #initCause}.
  49      */
  50     public RuntimeException() {
  51         super();
  52     }
  53 
  54     /** Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified detail message.
  55      * The cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be initialized by a
  56      * call to {@link #initCause}.
  57      *
  58      * @param   message   the detail message. The detail message is saved for
  59      *          later retrieval by the {@link #getMessage()} method.
  60      */
  61     public RuntimeException(String message) {
  62         super(message);
  63     }
  64 
  65     /**
  66      * Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified detail message and
  67      * cause.  <p>Note that the detail message associated with
  68      * {@code cause} is <i>not</i> automatically incorporated in
  69      * this runtime exception's detail message.
  70      *
  71      * @param  message the detail message (which is saved for later retrieval
  72      *         by the {@link #getMessage()} method).
  73      * @param  cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the
  74      *         {@link #getCause()} method).  (A <tt>null</tt> value is
  75      *         permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or
  76      *         unknown.)
  77      * @since  1.4
  78      */
  79     public RuntimeException(String message, Throwable cause) {
  80         super(message, cause);
  81     }
  82 
  83     /** Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified cause and a
  84      * detail message of <tt>(cause==null ? null : cause.toString())</tt>
  85      * (which typically contains the class and detail message of
  86      * <tt>cause</tt>).  This constructor is useful for runtime exceptions
  87      * that are little more than wrappers for other throwables.
  88      *
  89      * @param  cause the cause (which is saved for later retrieval by the
  90      *         {@link #getCause()} method).  (A <tt>null</tt> value is
  91      *         permitted, and indicates that the cause is nonexistent or
  92      *         unknown.)
  93      * @since  1.4
  94      */
  95     public RuntimeException(Throwable cause) {
  96         super(cause);
  97     }
  98 }