1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/packageEntry.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/verifier.hpp"
  32 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
  33 #include "interpreter/linkResolver.hpp"
  34 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
  35 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  36 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
  37 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
  38 #include "oops/objArrayKlass.hpp"
  39 #include "oops/objArrayOop.inline.hpp"
  40 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  41 #include "prims/jvm.h"
  42 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  43 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  44 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
  45 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/reflection.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/reflectionUtils.hpp"
  48 #include "runtime/signature.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/vframe.hpp"
  50 
  51 static void trace_class_resolution(const Klass* to_class) {
  52   ResourceMark rm;
  53   int line_number = -1;
  54   const char * source_file = NULL;
  55   Klass* caller = NULL;
  56   JavaThread* jthread = JavaThread::current();
  57   if (jthread->has_last_Java_frame()) {
  58     vframeStream vfst(jthread);
  59     // skip over any frames belonging to java.lang.Class
  60     while (!vfst.at_end() &&
  61            vfst.method()->method_holder()->name() == vmSymbols::java_lang_Class()) {
  62       vfst.next();
  63     }
  64     if (!vfst.at_end()) {
  65       // this frame is a likely suspect
  66       caller = vfst.method()->method_holder();
  67       line_number = vfst.method()->line_number_from_bci(vfst.bci());
  68       Symbol* s = vfst.method()->method_holder()->source_file_name();
  69       if (s != NULL) {
  70         source_file = s->as_C_string();
  71       }
  72     }
  73   }
  74   if (caller != NULL) {
  75     const char * from = caller->external_name();
  76     const char * to = to_class->external_name();
  77     // print in a single call to reduce interleaving between threads
  78     if (source_file != NULL) {
  79       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s %s:%d (reflection)", from, to, source_file, line_number);
  80     } else {
  81       log_debug(class, resolve)("%s %s (reflection)", from, to);
  82     }
  83   }
  84 }
  85 
  86 
  87 oop Reflection::box(jvalue* value, BasicType type, TRAPS) {
  88   if (type == T_VOID) {
  89     return NULL;
  90   }
  91   if (type == T_OBJECT || type == T_ARRAY) {
  92     // regular objects are not boxed
  93     return (oop) value->l;
  94   }
  95   oop result = java_lang_boxing_object::create(type, value, CHECK_NULL);
  96   if (result == NULL) {
  97     THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), result);
  98   }
  99   return result;
 100 }
 101 
 102 
 103 BasicType Reflection::unbox_for_primitive(oop box, jvalue* value, TRAPS) {
 104   if (box == NULL) {
 105     THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), T_ILLEGAL);
 106   }
 107   return java_lang_boxing_object::get_value(box, value);
 108 }
 109 
 110 BasicType Reflection::unbox_for_regular_object(oop box, jvalue* value) {
 111   // Note:  box is really the unboxed oop.  It might even be a Short, etc.!
 112   value->l = (jobject) box;
 113   return T_OBJECT;
 114 }
 115 
 116 
 117 void Reflection::widen(jvalue* value, BasicType current_type, BasicType wide_type, TRAPS) {
 118   assert(wide_type != current_type, "widen should not be called with identical types");
 119   switch (wide_type) {
 120     case T_BOOLEAN:
 121     case T_BYTE:
 122     case T_CHAR:
 123       break;  // fail
 124     case T_SHORT:
 125       switch (current_type) {
 126         case T_BYTE:
 127           value->s = (jshort) value->b;
 128           return;
 129       }
 130       break;  // fail
 131     case T_INT:
 132       switch (current_type) {
 133         case T_BYTE:
 134           value->i = (jint) value->b;
 135           return;
 136         case T_CHAR:
 137           value->i = (jint) value->c;
 138           return;
 139         case T_SHORT:
 140           value->i = (jint) value->s;
 141           return;
 142       }
 143       break;  // fail
 144     case T_LONG:
 145       switch (current_type) {
 146         case T_BYTE:
 147           value->j = (jlong) value->b;
 148           return;
 149         case T_CHAR:
 150           value->j = (jlong) value->c;
 151           return;
 152         case T_SHORT:
 153           value->j = (jlong) value->s;
 154           return;
 155         case T_INT:
 156           value->j = (jlong) value->i;
 157           return;
 158       }
 159       break;  // fail
 160     case T_FLOAT:
 161       switch (current_type) {
 162         case T_BYTE:
 163           value->f = (jfloat) value->b;
 164           return;
 165         case T_CHAR:
 166           value->f = (jfloat) value->c;
 167           return;
 168         case T_SHORT:
 169           value->f = (jfloat) value->s;
 170           return;
 171         case T_INT:
 172           value->f = (jfloat) value->i;
 173           return;
 174         case T_LONG:
 175           value->f = (jfloat) value->j;
 176           return;
 177       }
 178       break;  // fail
 179     case T_DOUBLE:
 180       switch (current_type) {
 181         case T_BYTE:
 182           value->d = (jdouble) value->b;
 183           return;
 184         case T_CHAR:
 185           value->d = (jdouble) value->c;
 186           return;
 187         case T_SHORT:
 188           value->d = (jdouble) value->s;
 189           return;
 190         case T_INT:
 191           value->d = (jdouble) value->i;
 192           return;
 193         case T_FLOAT:
 194           value->d = (jdouble) value->f;
 195           return;
 196         case T_LONG:
 197           value->d = (jdouble) value->j;
 198           return;
 199       }
 200       break;  // fail
 201     default:
 202       break;  // fail
 203   }
 204   THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "argument type mismatch");
 205 }
 206 
 207 
 208 BasicType Reflection::array_get(jvalue* value, arrayOop a, int index, TRAPS) {
 209   if (!a->is_within_bounds(index)) {
 210     THROW_(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(), T_ILLEGAL);
 211   }
 212   if (a->is_objArray()) {
 213     value->l = (jobject) objArrayOop(a)->obj_at(index);
 214     return T_OBJECT;
 215   } else {
 216     assert(a->is_typeArray(), "just checking");
 217     BasicType type = TypeArrayKlass::cast(a->klass())->element_type();
 218     switch (type) {
 219       case T_BOOLEAN:
 220         value->z = typeArrayOop(a)->bool_at(index);
 221         break;
 222       case T_CHAR:
 223         value->c = typeArrayOop(a)->char_at(index);
 224         break;
 225       case T_FLOAT:
 226         value->f = typeArrayOop(a)->float_at(index);
 227         break;
 228       case T_DOUBLE:
 229         value->d = typeArrayOop(a)->double_at(index);
 230         break;
 231       case T_BYTE:
 232         value->b = typeArrayOop(a)->byte_at(index);
 233         break;
 234       case T_SHORT:
 235         value->s = typeArrayOop(a)->short_at(index);
 236         break;
 237       case T_INT:
 238         value->i = typeArrayOop(a)->int_at(index);
 239         break;
 240       case T_LONG:
 241         value->j = typeArrayOop(a)->long_at(index);
 242         break;
 243       default:
 244         return T_ILLEGAL;
 245     }
 246     return type;
 247   }
 248 }
 249 
 250 
 251 void Reflection::array_set(jvalue* value, arrayOop a, int index, BasicType value_type, TRAPS) {
 252   if (!a->is_within_bounds(index)) {
 253     THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException());
 254   }
 255   if (a->is_objArray()) {
 256     if (value_type == T_OBJECT) {
 257       oop obj = (oop) value->l;
 258       if (obj != NULL) {
 259         Klass* element_klass = ObjArrayKlass::cast(a->klass())->element_klass();
 260         if (!obj->is_a(element_klass)) {
 261           THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "array element type mismatch");
 262         }
 263       }
 264       objArrayOop(a)->obj_at_put(index, obj);
 265     }
 266   } else {
 267     assert(a->is_typeArray(), "just checking");
 268     BasicType array_type = TypeArrayKlass::cast(a->klass())->element_type();
 269     if (array_type != value_type) {
 270       // The widen operation can potentially throw an exception, but cannot block,
 271       // so typeArrayOop a is safe if the call succeeds.
 272       widen(value, value_type, array_type, CHECK);
 273     }
 274     switch (array_type) {
 275       case T_BOOLEAN:
 276         typeArrayOop(a)->bool_at_put(index, value->z);
 277         break;
 278       case T_CHAR:
 279         typeArrayOop(a)->char_at_put(index, value->c);
 280         break;
 281       case T_FLOAT:
 282         typeArrayOop(a)->float_at_put(index, value->f);
 283         break;
 284       case T_DOUBLE:
 285         typeArrayOop(a)->double_at_put(index, value->d);
 286         break;
 287       case T_BYTE:
 288         typeArrayOop(a)->byte_at_put(index, value->b);
 289         break;
 290       case T_SHORT:
 291         typeArrayOop(a)->short_at_put(index, value->s);
 292         break;
 293       case T_INT:
 294         typeArrayOop(a)->int_at_put(index, value->i);
 295         break;
 296       case T_LONG:
 297         typeArrayOop(a)->long_at_put(index, value->j);
 298         break;
 299       default:
 300         THROW(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 301     }
 302   }
 303 }
 304 
 305 static Klass* basic_type_mirror_to_arrayklass(oop basic_type_mirror, TRAPS) {
 306   assert(java_lang_Class::is_primitive(basic_type_mirror), "just checking");
 307   BasicType type = java_lang_Class::primitive_type(basic_type_mirror);
 308   if (type == T_VOID) {
 309     THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 310   }
 311   else {
 312     return Universe::typeArrayKlassObj(type);
 313   }
 314 }
 315 
 316 #ifdef ASSERT
 317 static oop basic_type_arrayklass_to_mirror(Klass* basic_type_arrayklass, TRAPS) {
 318   BasicType type = TypeArrayKlass::cast(basic_type_arrayklass)->element_type();
 319   return Universe::java_mirror(type);
 320 }
 321 #endif
 322 
 323 arrayOop Reflection::reflect_new_array(oop element_mirror, jint length, TRAPS) {
 324   if (element_mirror == NULL) {
 325     THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
 326   }
 327   if (length < 0) {
 328     THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException());
 329   }
 330   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(element_mirror)) {
 331     Klass* tak = basic_type_mirror_to_arrayklass(element_mirror, CHECK_NULL);
 332     return TypeArrayKlass::cast(tak)->allocate(length, THREAD);
 333   } else {
 334     Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(element_mirror);
 335     if (k->is_array_klass() && ArrayKlass::cast(k)->dimension() >= MAX_DIM) {
 336       THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 337     }
 338     return oopFactory::new_objArray(k, length, THREAD);
 339   }
 340 }
 341 
 342 
 343 arrayOop Reflection::reflect_new_multi_array(oop element_mirror, typeArrayOop dim_array, TRAPS) {
 344   assert(dim_array->is_typeArray(), "just checking");
 345   assert(TypeArrayKlass::cast(dim_array->klass())->element_type() == T_INT, "just checking");
 346 
 347   if (element_mirror == NULL) {
 348     THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
 349   }
 350 
 351   int len = dim_array->length();
 352   if (len <= 0 || len > MAX_DIM) {
 353     THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 354   }
 355 
 356   jint dimensions[MAX_DIM];   // C array copy of intArrayOop
 357   for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 358     int d = dim_array->int_at(i);
 359     if (d < 0) {
 360       THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NegativeArraySizeException());
 361     }
 362     dimensions[i] = d;
 363   }
 364 
 365   Klass* klass;
 366   int dim = len;
 367   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(element_mirror)) {
 368     klass = basic_type_mirror_to_arrayklass(element_mirror, CHECK_NULL);
 369   } else {
 370     klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(element_mirror);
 371     if (klass->is_array_klass()) {
 372       int k_dim = ArrayKlass::cast(klass)->dimension();
 373       if (k_dim + len > MAX_DIM) {
 374         THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException());
 375       }
 376       dim += k_dim;
 377     }
 378   }
 379   klass = klass->array_klass(dim, CHECK_NULL);
 380   oop obj = ArrayKlass::cast(klass)->multi_allocate(len, dimensions, CHECK_NULL);
 381   assert(obj->is_array(), "just checking");
 382   return arrayOop(obj);
 383 }
 384 
 385 
 386 oop Reflection::array_component_type(oop mirror, TRAPS) {
 387   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(mirror)) {
 388     return NULL;
 389   }
 390 
 391   Klass* klass = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror);
 392   if (!klass->is_array_klass()) {
 393     return NULL;
 394   }
 395 
 396   oop result = java_lang_Class::component_mirror(mirror);
 397 #ifdef ASSERT
 398   oop result2 = NULL;
 399   if (ArrayKlass::cast(klass)->dimension() == 1) {
 400     if (klass->is_typeArray_klass()) {
 401       result2 = basic_type_arrayklass_to_mirror(klass, CHECK_NULL);
 402     } else {
 403       result2 = ObjArrayKlass::cast(klass)->element_klass()->java_mirror();
 404     }
 405   } else {
 406     Klass* lower_dim = ArrayKlass::cast(klass)->lower_dimension();
 407     assert(lower_dim->is_array_klass(), "just checking");
 408     result2 = lower_dim->java_mirror();
 409   }
 410   assert(result == result2, "results must be consistent");
 411 #endif //ASSERT
 412   return result;
 413 }
 414 
 415 static bool under_host_klass(const InstanceKlass* ik, const InstanceKlass* host_klass) {
 416   DEBUG_ONLY(int inf_loop_check = 1000 * 1000 * 1000);
 417   for (;;) {
 418     const InstanceKlass* hc = ik->host_klass();
 419     if (hc == NULL)        return false;
 420     if (hc == host_klass)  return true;
 421     ik = hc;
 422 
 423     // There's no way to make a host class loop short of patching memory.
 424     // Therefore there cannot be a loop here unless there's another bug.
 425     // Still, let's check for it.
 426     assert(--inf_loop_check > 0, "no host_klass loop");
 427   }
 428 }
 429 
 430 static bool can_relax_access_check_for(const Klass* accessor,
 431                                        const Klass* accessee,
 432                                        bool classloader_only) {
 433 
 434   const InstanceKlass* accessor_ik = InstanceKlass::cast(accessor);
 435   const InstanceKlass* accessee_ik = InstanceKlass::cast(accessee);
 436 
 437   // If either is on the other's host_klass chain, access is OK,
 438   // because one is inside the other.
 439   if (under_host_klass(accessor_ik, accessee_ik) ||
 440     under_host_klass(accessee_ik, accessor_ik))
 441     return true;
 442 
 443   if ((RelaxAccessControlCheck &&
 444     accessor_ik->major_version() < Verifier::NO_RELAX_ACCESS_CTRL_CHECK_VERSION &&
 445     accessee_ik->major_version() < Verifier::NO_RELAX_ACCESS_CTRL_CHECK_VERSION) ||
 446     (accessor_ik->major_version() < Verifier::STRICTER_ACCESS_CTRL_CHECK_VERSION &&
 447     accessee_ik->major_version() < Verifier::STRICTER_ACCESS_CTRL_CHECK_VERSION)) {
 448     return classloader_only &&
 449       Verifier::relax_access_for(accessor_ik->class_loader()) &&
 450       accessor_ik->protection_domain() == accessee_ik->protection_domain() &&
 451       accessor_ik->class_loader() == accessee_ik->class_loader();
 452   }
 453 
 454   return false;
 455 }
 456 
 457 /*
 458     Type Accessibility check for public types: Callee Type T is accessible to Caller Type S if:
 459 
 460                         Callee T in             Callee T in package PT,
 461                         unnamed module          runtime module MT
 462  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 463 
 464  Caller S in package     If MS is loose: YES      If same classloader/package (PS == PT): YES
 465  PS, runtime module MS   If MS can read T's       If same runtime module: (MS == MT): YES
 466                          unnamed module: YES
 467                                                   Else if (MS can read MT (establish readability) &&
 468                                                     ((MT exports PT to MS or to all modules) ||
 469                                                      (MT is open))): YES
 470 
 471  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 472  Caller S in unnamed         YES                  Readability exists because unnamed module
 473  module UM                                            "reads" all modules
 474                                                   if (MT exports PT to UM or to all modules): YES
 475 
 476  ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 477 
 478  Note: a loose module is a module that can read all current and future unnamed modules.
 479 */
 480 Reflection::VerifyClassAccessResults Reflection::verify_class_access(
 481   const Klass* current_class, const InstanceKlass* new_class, bool classloader_only) {
 482 
 483   // Verify that current_class can access new_class.  If the classloader_only
 484   // flag is set, we automatically allow any accesses in which current_class
 485   // doesn't have a classloader.
 486   if ((current_class == NULL) ||
 487       (current_class == new_class) ||
 488       is_same_class_package(current_class, new_class)) {
 489     return ACCESS_OK;
 490   }
 491   // Allow all accesses from jdk/internal/reflect/MagicAccessorImpl subclasses to
 492   // succeed trivially.
 493   if (current_class->is_subclass_of(SystemDictionary::reflect_MagicAccessorImpl_klass())) {
 494     return ACCESS_OK;
 495   }
 496 
 497   // module boundaries
 498   if (new_class->is_public()) {
 499     // Ignore modules for DumpSharedSpaces because we do not have any package
 500     // or module information for modules other than java.base.
 501     if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
 502       return ACCESS_OK;
 503     }
 504 
 505     // Find the module entry for current_class, the accessor
 506     ModuleEntry* module_from = current_class->module();
 507     // Find the module entry for new_class, the accessee
 508     ModuleEntry* module_to = new_class->module();
 509 
 510     // both in same (possibly unnamed) module
 511     if (module_from == module_to) {
 512       return ACCESS_OK;
 513     }
 514 
 515     // Acceptable access to a type in an unnamed module. Note that since
 516     // unnamed modules can read all unnamed modules, this also handles the
 517     // case where module_from is also unnamed but in a different class loader.
 518     if (!module_to->is_named() &&
 519         (module_from->can_read_all_unnamed() || module_from->can_read(module_to))) {
 520       return ACCESS_OK;
 521     }
 522 
 523     // Establish readability, check if module_from is allowed to read module_to.
 524     if (!module_from->can_read(module_to)) {
 525       return MODULE_NOT_READABLE;
 526     }
 527 
 528     // Access is allowed if module_to is open, i.e. all its packages are unqualifiedly exported
 529     if (module_to->is_open()) {
 530       return ACCESS_OK;
 531     }
 532 
 533     PackageEntry* package_to = new_class->package();
 534     assert(package_to != NULL, "can not obtain new_class' package");
 535 
 536     {
 537       MutexLocker m1(Module_lock);
 538 
 539       // Once readability is established, if module_to exports T unqualifiedly,
 540       // (to all modules), than whether module_from is in the unnamed module
 541       // or not does not matter, access is allowed.
 542       if (package_to->is_unqual_exported()) {
 543         return ACCESS_OK;
 544       }
 545 
 546       // Access is allowed if both 1 & 2 hold:
 547       //   1. Readability, module_from can read module_to (established above).
 548       //   2. Either module_to exports T to module_from qualifiedly.
 549       //      or
 550       //      module_to exports T to all unnamed modules and module_from is unnamed.
 551       //      or
 552       //      module_to exports T unqualifiedly to all modules (checked above).
 553       if (!package_to->is_qexported_to(module_from)) {
 554         return TYPE_NOT_EXPORTED;
 555       }
 556     }
 557     return ACCESS_OK;
 558   }
 559 
 560   if (can_relax_access_check_for(current_class, new_class, classloader_only)) {
 561     return ACCESS_OK;
 562   }
 563   return OTHER_PROBLEM;
 564 }
 565 
 566 // Return an error message specific to the specified Klass*'s and result.
 567 // This function must be called from within a block containing a ResourceMark.
 568 char* Reflection::verify_class_access_msg(const Klass* current_class,
 569                                           const InstanceKlass* new_class,
 570                                           const VerifyClassAccessResults result) {
 571   assert(result != ACCESS_OK, "must be failure result");
 572   char * msg = NULL;
 573   if (result != OTHER_PROBLEM && new_class != NULL && current_class != NULL) {
 574     // Find the module entry for current_class, the accessor
 575     ModuleEntry* module_from = current_class->module();
 576     const char * module_from_name = module_from->is_named() ? module_from->name()->as_C_string() : UNNAMED_MODULE;
 577     const char * current_class_name = current_class->external_name();
 578 
 579     // Find the module entry for new_class, the accessee
 580     ModuleEntry* module_to = NULL;
 581     module_to = new_class->module();
 582     const char * module_to_name = module_to->is_named() ? module_to->name()->as_C_string() : UNNAMED_MODULE;
 583     const char * new_class_name = new_class->external_name();
 584 
 585     if (result == MODULE_NOT_READABLE) {
 586       assert(module_from->is_named(), "Unnamed modules can read all modules");
 587       if (module_to->is_named()) {
 588         size_t len = 100 + strlen(current_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_from_name) +
 589           strlen(new_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_to_name);
 590         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 591         jio_snprintf(msg, len - 1,
 592           "class %s (in module %s) cannot access class %s (in module %s) because module %s does not read module %s",
 593           current_class_name, module_from_name, new_class_name,
 594           module_to_name, module_from_name, module_to_name);
 595       } else {
 596         jobject jlm = module_to->module();
 597         assert(jlm != NULL, "Null jlm in module_to ModuleEntry");
 598         intptr_t identity_hash = JNIHandles::resolve(jlm)->identity_hash();
 599         size_t len = 160 + strlen(current_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_from_name) +
 600           strlen(new_class_name) + 2*sizeof(uintx);
 601         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 602         jio_snprintf(msg, len - 1,
 603           "class %s (in module %s) cannot access class %s (in unnamed module @" SIZE_FORMAT_HEX ") because module %s does not read unnamed module @" SIZE_FORMAT_HEX,
 604           current_class_name, module_from_name, new_class_name, uintx(identity_hash),
 605           module_from_name, uintx(identity_hash));
 606       }
 607 
 608     } else if (result == TYPE_NOT_EXPORTED) {
 609       assert(new_class->package() != NULL,
 610              "Unnamed packages are always exported");
 611       const char * package_name =
 612         new_class->package()->name()->as_klass_external_name();
 613       assert(module_to->is_named(), "Unnamed modules export all packages");
 614       if (module_from->is_named()) {
 615         size_t len = 118 + strlen(current_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_from_name) +
 616           strlen(new_class_name) + 2*strlen(module_to_name) + strlen(package_name);
 617         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 618         jio_snprintf(msg, len - 1,
 619           "class %s (in module %s) cannot access class %s (in module %s) because module %s does not export %s to module %s",
 620           current_class_name, module_from_name, new_class_name,
 621           module_to_name, module_to_name, package_name, module_from_name);
 622       } else {
 623         jobject jlm = module_from->module();
 624         assert(jlm != NULL, "Null jlm in module_from ModuleEntry");
 625         intptr_t identity_hash = JNIHandles::resolve(jlm)->identity_hash();
 626         size_t len = 170 + strlen(current_class_name) + strlen(new_class_name) +
 627           2*strlen(module_to_name) + strlen(package_name) + 2*sizeof(uintx);
 628         msg = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, len);
 629         jio_snprintf(msg, len - 1,
 630           "class %s (in unnamed module @" SIZE_FORMAT_HEX ") cannot access class %s (in module %s) because module %s does not export %s to unnamed module @" SIZE_FORMAT_HEX,
 631           current_class_name, uintx(identity_hash), new_class_name, module_to_name,
 632           module_to_name, package_name, uintx(identity_hash));
 633       }
 634     } else {
 635         ShouldNotReachHere();
 636     }
 637   }  // result != OTHER_PROBLEM...
 638   return msg;
 639 }
 640 
 641 bool Reflection::verify_field_access(const Klass* current_class,
 642                                      const Klass* resolved_class,
 643                                      const Klass* field_class,
 644                                      AccessFlags access,
 645                                      bool classloader_only,
 646                                      bool protected_restriction) {
 647   // Verify that current_class can access a field of field_class, where that
 648   // field's access bits are "access".  We assume that we've already verified
 649   // that current_class can access field_class.
 650   //
 651   // If the classloader_only flag is set, we automatically allow any accesses
 652   // in which current_class doesn't have a classloader.
 653   //
 654   // "resolved_class" is the runtime type of "field_class". Sometimes we don't
 655   // need this distinction (e.g. if all we have is the runtime type, or during
 656   // class file parsing when we only care about the static type); in that case
 657   // callers should ensure that resolved_class == field_class.
 658   //
 659   if ((current_class == NULL) ||
 660       (current_class == field_class) ||
 661       access.is_public()) {
 662     return true;
 663   }
 664 
 665   const Klass* host_class = current_class;
 666   if (host_class->is_instance_klass() &&
 667       InstanceKlass::cast(host_class)->is_anonymous()) {
 668     host_class = InstanceKlass::cast(host_class)->host_klass();
 669     assert(host_class != NULL, "Anonymous class has null host class");
 670     assert(!(host_class->is_instance_klass() &&
 671            InstanceKlass::cast(host_class)->is_anonymous()),
 672            "host_class should not be anonymous");
 673   }
 674   if (host_class == field_class) {
 675     return true;
 676   }
 677 
 678   if (access.is_protected()) {
 679     if (!protected_restriction) {
 680       // See if current_class (or outermost host class) is a subclass of field_class
 681       // An interface may not access protected members of j.l.Object
 682       if (!host_class->is_interface() && host_class->is_subclass_of(field_class)) {
 683         if (access.is_static() || // static fields are ok, see 6622385
 684             current_class == resolved_class ||
 685             field_class == resolved_class ||
 686             host_class->is_subclass_of(resolved_class) ||
 687             resolved_class->is_subclass_of(host_class)) {
 688           return true;
 689         }
 690       }
 691     }
 692   }
 693 
 694   if (!access.is_private() && is_same_class_package(current_class, field_class)) {
 695     return true;
 696   }
 697 
 698   // Allow all accesses from jdk/internal/reflect/MagicAccessorImpl subclasses to
 699   // succeed trivially.
 700   if (current_class->is_subclass_of(SystemDictionary::reflect_MagicAccessorImpl_klass())) {
 701     return true;
 702   }
 703 
 704   return can_relax_access_check_for(
 705     current_class, field_class, classloader_only);
 706 }
 707 
 708 bool Reflection::is_same_class_package(const Klass* class1, const Klass* class2) {
 709   return InstanceKlass::cast(class1)->is_same_class_package(class2);
 710 }
 711 
 712 // Checks that the 'outer' klass has declared 'inner' as being an inner klass. If not,
 713 // throw an incompatible class change exception
 714 // If inner_is_member, require the inner to be a member of the outer.
 715 // If !inner_is_member, require the inner to be anonymous (a non-member).
 716 // Caller is responsible for figuring out in advance which case must be true.
 717 void Reflection::check_for_inner_class(const InstanceKlass* outer, const InstanceKlass* inner,
 718                                        bool inner_is_member, TRAPS) {
 719   InnerClassesIterator iter(outer);
 720   constantPoolHandle cp   (THREAD, outer->constants());
 721   for (; !iter.done(); iter.next()) {
 722      int ioff = iter.inner_class_info_index();
 723      int ooff = iter.outer_class_info_index();
 724 
 725      if (inner_is_member && ioff != 0 && ooff != 0) {
 726         Klass* o = cp->klass_at(ooff, CHECK);
 727         if (o == outer) {
 728           Klass* i = cp->klass_at(ioff, CHECK);
 729           if (i == inner) {
 730             return;
 731           }
 732         }
 733      }
 734      if (!inner_is_member && ioff != 0 && ooff == 0 &&
 735          cp->klass_name_at_matches(inner, ioff)) {
 736         Klass* i = cp->klass_at(ioff, CHECK);
 737         if (i == inner) {
 738           return;
 739         }
 740      }
 741   }
 742 
 743   // 'inner' not declared as an inner klass in outer
 744   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 745   Exceptions::fthrow(
 746     THREAD_AND_LOCATION,
 747     vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(),
 748     "%s and %s disagree on InnerClasses attribute",
 749     outer->external_name(),
 750     inner->external_name()
 751   );
 752 }
 753 
 754 // Utility method converting a single SignatureStream element into java.lang.Class instance
 755 static oop get_mirror_from_signature(methodHandle method,
 756                                      SignatureStream* ss,
 757                                      TRAPS) {
 758 
 759 
 760   if (T_OBJECT == ss->type() || T_ARRAY == ss->type()) {
 761     Symbol* name = ss->as_symbol(CHECK_NULL);
 762     oop loader = method->method_holder()->class_loader();
 763     oop protection_domain = method->method_holder()->protection_domain();
 764     const Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(name,
 765                                                        Handle(THREAD, loader),
 766                                                        Handle(THREAD, protection_domain),
 767                                                        true,
 768                                                        CHECK_NULL);
 769     if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)) {
 770       trace_class_resolution(k);
 771     }
 772     return k->java_mirror();
 773   }
 774 
 775   assert(ss->type() != T_VOID || ss->at_return_type(),
 776     "T_VOID should only appear as return type");
 777 
 778   return java_lang_Class::primitive_mirror(ss->type());
 779 }
 780 
 781 static objArrayHandle get_parameter_types(methodHandle method,
 782                                           int parameter_count,
 783                                           oop* return_type,
 784                                           TRAPS) {
 785   // Allocate array holding parameter types (java.lang.Class instances)
 786   objArrayOop m = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Class_klass(), parameter_count, CHECK_(objArrayHandle()));
 787   objArrayHandle mirrors(THREAD, m);
 788   int index = 0;
 789   // Collect parameter types
 790   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
 791   Symbol*  signature = method->signature();
 792   SignatureStream ss(signature);
 793   while (!ss.at_return_type()) {
 794     oop mirror = get_mirror_from_signature(method, &ss, CHECK_(objArrayHandle()));
 795     mirrors->obj_at_put(index++, mirror);
 796     ss.next();
 797   }
 798   assert(index == parameter_count, "invalid parameter count");
 799   if (return_type != NULL) {
 800     // Collect return type as well
 801     assert(ss.at_return_type(), "return type should be present");
 802     *return_type = get_mirror_from_signature(method, &ss, CHECK_(objArrayHandle()));
 803   }
 804   return mirrors;
 805 }
 806 
 807 static objArrayHandle get_exception_types(methodHandle method, TRAPS) {
 808   return method->resolved_checked_exceptions(THREAD);
 809 }
 810 
 811 static Handle new_type(Symbol* signature, Klass* k, TRAPS) {
 812   // Basic types
 813   BasicType type = vmSymbols::signature_type(signature);
 814   if (type != T_OBJECT) {
 815     return Handle(THREAD, Universe::java_mirror(type));
 816   }
 817 
 818   Klass* result =
 819     SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(signature,
 820                                       Handle(THREAD, k->class_loader()),
 821                                       Handle(THREAD, k->protection_domain()),
 822                                       true, CHECK_(Handle()));
 823 
 824   if (log_is_enabled(Debug, class, resolve)) {
 825     trace_class_resolution(result);
 826   }
 827 
 828   oop nt = result->java_mirror();
 829   return Handle(THREAD, nt);
 830 }
 831 
 832 
 833 oop Reflection::new_method(const methodHandle& method, bool for_constant_pool_access, TRAPS) {
 834   // Allow sun.reflect.ConstantPool to refer to <clinit> methods as java.lang.reflect.Methods.
 835   assert(!method()->is_initializer() ||
 836          (for_constant_pool_access && method()->is_static()),
 837          "should call new_constructor instead");
 838   InstanceKlass* holder = method->method_holder();
 839   int slot = method->method_idnum();
 840 
 841   Symbol*  signature  = method->signature();
 842   int parameter_count = ArgumentCount(signature).size();
 843   oop return_type_oop = NULL;
 844   objArrayHandle parameter_types = get_parameter_types(method, parameter_count, &return_type_oop, CHECK_NULL);
 845   if (parameter_types.is_null() || return_type_oop == NULL) return NULL;
 846 
 847   Handle return_type(THREAD, return_type_oop);
 848 
 849   objArrayHandle exception_types = get_exception_types(method, CHECK_NULL);
 850 
 851   if (exception_types.is_null()) return NULL;
 852 
 853   Symbol*  method_name = method->name();
 854   oop name_oop = StringTable::intern(method_name, CHECK_NULL);
 855   Handle name = Handle(THREAD, name_oop);
 856   if (name == NULL) return NULL;
 857 
 858   const int modifiers = method->access_flags().as_int() & JVM_RECOGNIZED_METHOD_MODIFIERS;
 859 
 860   Handle mh = java_lang_reflect_Method::create(CHECK_NULL);
 861 
 862   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_clazz(mh(), holder->java_mirror());
 863   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_slot(mh(), slot);
 864   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_name(mh(), name());
 865   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_return_type(mh(), return_type());
 866   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_parameter_types(mh(), parameter_types());
 867   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_exception_types(mh(), exception_types());
 868   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_modifiers(mh(), modifiers);
 869   java_lang_reflect_Method::set_override(mh(), false);
 870   if (java_lang_reflect_Method::has_signature_field() &&
 871       method->generic_signature() != NULL) {
 872     Symbol*  gs = method->generic_signature();
 873     Handle sig = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(gs, CHECK_NULL);
 874     java_lang_reflect_Method::set_signature(mh(), sig());
 875   }
 876   if (java_lang_reflect_Method::has_annotations_field()) {
 877     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 878     java_lang_reflect_Method::set_annotations(mh(), an_oop);
 879   }
 880   if (java_lang_reflect_Method::has_parameter_annotations_field()) {
 881     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->parameter_annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 882     java_lang_reflect_Method::set_parameter_annotations(mh(), an_oop);
 883   }
 884   if (java_lang_reflect_Method::has_annotation_default_field()) {
 885     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->annotation_default(), CHECK_NULL);
 886     java_lang_reflect_Method::set_annotation_default(mh(), an_oop);
 887   }
 888   if (java_lang_reflect_Method::has_type_annotations_field()) {
 889     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->type_annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 890     java_lang_reflect_Method::set_type_annotations(mh(), an_oop);
 891   }
 892   return mh();
 893 }
 894 
 895 
 896 oop Reflection::new_constructor(const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) {
 897   assert(method()->is_initializer(), "should call new_method instead");
 898 
 899   InstanceKlass* holder = method->method_holder();
 900   int slot = method->method_idnum();
 901 
 902   Symbol*  signature  = method->signature();
 903   int parameter_count = ArgumentCount(signature).size();
 904   objArrayHandle parameter_types = get_parameter_types(method, parameter_count, NULL, CHECK_NULL);
 905   if (parameter_types.is_null()) return NULL;
 906 
 907   objArrayHandle exception_types = get_exception_types(method, CHECK_NULL);
 908   if (exception_types.is_null()) return NULL;
 909 
 910   const int modifiers = method->access_flags().as_int() & JVM_RECOGNIZED_METHOD_MODIFIERS;
 911 
 912   Handle ch = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::create(CHECK_NULL);
 913 
 914   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_clazz(ch(), holder->java_mirror());
 915   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_slot(ch(), slot);
 916   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_parameter_types(ch(), parameter_types());
 917   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_exception_types(ch(), exception_types());
 918   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_modifiers(ch(), modifiers);
 919   java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_override(ch(), false);
 920   if (java_lang_reflect_Constructor::has_signature_field() &&
 921       method->generic_signature() != NULL) {
 922     Symbol*  gs = method->generic_signature();
 923     Handle sig = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(gs, CHECK_NULL);
 924     java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_signature(ch(), sig());
 925   }
 926   if (java_lang_reflect_Constructor::has_annotations_field()) {
 927     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 928     java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_annotations(ch(), an_oop);
 929   }
 930   if (java_lang_reflect_Constructor::has_parameter_annotations_field()) {
 931     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->parameter_annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 932     java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_parameter_annotations(ch(), an_oop);
 933   }
 934   if (java_lang_reflect_Constructor::has_type_annotations_field()) {
 935     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(method->type_annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 936     java_lang_reflect_Constructor::set_type_annotations(ch(), an_oop);
 937   }
 938   return ch();
 939 }
 940 
 941 
 942 oop Reflection::new_field(fieldDescriptor* fd, TRAPS) {
 943   Symbol*  field_name = fd->name();
 944   oop name_oop = StringTable::intern(field_name, CHECK_NULL);
 945   Handle name = Handle(THREAD, name_oop);
 946   Symbol*  signature  = fd->signature();
 947   InstanceKlass* holder = fd->field_holder();
 948   Handle type = new_type(signature, holder, CHECK_NULL);
 949   Handle rh  = java_lang_reflect_Field::create(CHECK_NULL);
 950 
 951   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_clazz(rh(), fd->field_holder()->java_mirror());
 952   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_slot(rh(), fd->index());
 953   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_name(rh(), name());
 954   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_type(rh(), type());
 955   // Note the ACC_ANNOTATION bit, which is a per-class access flag, is never set here.
 956   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_modifiers(rh(), fd->access_flags().as_int() & JVM_RECOGNIZED_FIELD_MODIFIERS);
 957   java_lang_reflect_Field::set_override(rh(), false);
 958   if (java_lang_reflect_Field::has_signature_field() &&
 959       fd->has_generic_signature()) {
 960     Symbol*  gs = fd->generic_signature();
 961     Handle sig = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(gs, CHECK_NULL);
 962     java_lang_reflect_Field::set_signature(rh(), sig());
 963   }
 964   if (java_lang_reflect_Field::has_annotations_field()) {
 965     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(fd->annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 966     java_lang_reflect_Field::set_annotations(rh(), an_oop);
 967   }
 968   if (java_lang_reflect_Field::has_type_annotations_field()) {
 969     typeArrayOop an_oop = Annotations::make_java_array(fd->type_annotations(), CHECK_NULL);
 970     java_lang_reflect_Field::set_type_annotations(rh(), an_oop);
 971   }
 972   return rh();
 973 }
 974 
 975 oop Reflection::new_parameter(Handle method, int index, Symbol* sym,
 976                               int flags, TRAPS) {
 977 
 978   Handle rh = java_lang_reflect_Parameter::create(CHECK_NULL);
 979 
 980   if(NULL != sym) {
 981     Handle name = java_lang_String::create_from_symbol(sym, CHECK_NULL);
 982     java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_name(rh(), name());
 983   } else {
 984     java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_name(rh(), NULL);
 985   }
 986 
 987   java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_modifiers(rh(), flags);
 988   java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_executable(rh(), method());
 989   java_lang_reflect_Parameter::set_index(rh(), index);
 990   return rh();
 991 }
 992 
 993 
 994 static methodHandle resolve_interface_call(InstanceKlass* klass,
 995                                            const methodHandle& method,
 996                                            Klass* recv_klass,
 997                                            Handle receiver,
 998                                            TRAPS) {
 999 
1000   assert(!method.is_null() , "method should not be null");
1001 
1002   CallInfo info;
1003   Symbol*  signature  = method->signature();
1004   Symbol*  name       = method->name();
1005   LinkResolver::resolve_interface_call(info, receiver, recv_klass,
1006                                        LinkInfo(klass, name, signature),
1007                                        true,
1008                                        CHECK_(methodHandle()));
1009   return info.selected_method();
1010 }
1011 
1012 // Conversion
1013 static BasicType basic_type_mirror_to_basic_type(oop basic_type_mirror, TRAPS) {
1014   assert(java_lang_Class::is_primitive(basic_type_mirror),
1015     "just checking");
1016   return java_lang_Class::primitive_type(basic_type_mirror);
1017 }
1018 
1019 // Narrowing of basic types. Used to create correct jvalues for
1020 // boolean, byte, char and short return return values from interpreter
1021 // which are returned as ints. Throws IllegalArgumentException.
1022 static void narrow(jvalue* value, BasicType narrow_type, TRAPS) {
1023   switch (narrow_type) {
1024   case T_BOOLEAN:
1025     value->z = (jboolean) (value->i & 1);
1026     return;
1027   case T_BYTE:
1028     value->b = (jbyte)value->i;
1029     return;
1030   case T_CHAR:
1031     value->c = (jchar)value->i;
1032     return;
1033   case T_SHORT:
1034     value->s = (jshort)value->i;
1035     return;
1036   default:
1037     break; // fail
1038   }
1039   THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "argument type mismatch");
1040 }
1041 
1042 
1043 // Method call (shared by invoke_method and invoke_constructor)
1044 static oop invoke(InstanceKlass* klass,
1045                   methodHandle reflected_method,
1046                   Handle receiver,
1047                   bool override,
1048                   objArrayHandle ptypes,
1049                   BasicType rtype,
1050                   objArrayHandle args,
1051                   bool is_method_invoke,
1052                   TRAPS) {
1053 
1054   ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1055 
1056   methodHandle method;      // actual method to invoke
1057   Klass* target_klass;      // target klass, receiver's klass for non-static
1058 
1059   // Ensure klass is initialized
1060   klass->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
1061 
1062   bool is_static = reflected_method->is_static();
1063   if (is_static) {
1064     // ignore receiver argument
1065     method = reflected_method;
1066     target_klass = klass;
1067   } else {
1068     // check for null receiver
1069     if (receiver.is_null()) {
1070       THROW_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException());
1071     }
1072     // Check class of receiver against class declaring method
1073     if (!receiver->is_a(klass)) {
1074       THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "object is not an instance of declaring class");
1075     }
1076     // target klass is receiver's klass
1077     target_klass = receiver->klass();
1078     // no need to resolve if method is private or <init>
1079     if (reflected_method->is_private() || reflected_method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name()) {
1080       method = reflected_method;
1081     } else {
1082       // resolve based on the receiver
1083       if (reflected_method->method_holder()->is_interface()) {
1084         // resolve interface call
1085         //
1086         // Match resolution errors with those thrown due to reflection inlining
1087         // Linktime resolution & IllegalAccessCheck already done by Class.getMethod()
1088         method = resolve_interface_call(klass, reflected_method, target_klass, receiver, THREAD);
1089         if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1090           // Method resolution threw an exception; wrap it in an InvocationTargetException
1091           oop resolution_exception = PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1092           CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1093           // JVMTI has already reported the pending exception
1094           // JVMTI internal flag reset is needed in order to report InvocationTargetException
1095           if (THREAD->is_Java_thread()) {
1096             JvmtiExport::clear_detected_exception((JavaThread*)THREAD);
1097           }
1098           JavaCallArguments args(Handle(THREAD, resolution_exception));
1099           THROW_ARG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_reflect_InvocationTargetException(),
1100                       vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),
1101                       &args);
1102         }
1103       }  else {
1104         // if the method can be overridden, we resolve using the vtable index.
1105         assert(!reflected_method->has_itable_index(), "");
1106         int index = reflected_method->vtable_index();
1107         method = reflected_method;
1108         if (index != Method::nonvirtual_vtable_index) {
1109           method = methodHandle(THREAD, target_klass->method_at_vtable(index));
1110         }
1111         if (!method.is_null()) {
1112           // Check for abstract methods as well
1113           if (method->is_abstract()) {
1114             // new default: 6531596
1115             ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1116             Handle h_origexception = Exceptions::new_exception(THREAD,
1117               vmSymbols::java_lang_AbstractMethodError(),
1118               Method::name_and_sig_as_C_string(target_klass,
1119               method->name(),
1120               method->signature()));
1121             JavaCallArguments args(h_origexception);
1122             THROW_ARG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_reflect_InvocationTargetException(),
1123               vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),
1124               &args);
1125           }
1126         }
1127       }
1128     }
1129   }
1130 
1131   // I believe this is a ShouldNotGetHere case which requires
1132   // an internal vtable bug. If you ever get this please let Karen know.
1133   if (method.is_null()) {
1134     ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
1135     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_NoSuchMethodError(),
1136                 Method::name_and_sig_as_C_string(klass,
1137                 reflected_method->name(),
1138                 reflected_method->signature()));
1139   }
1140 
1141   assert(ptypes->is_objArray(), "just checking");
1142   int args_len = args.is_null() ? 0 : args->length();
1143   // Check number of arguments
1144   if (ptypes->length() != args_len) {
1145     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(),
1146                 "wrong number of arguments");
1147   }
1148 
1149   // Create object to contain parameters for the JavaCall
1150   JavaCallArguments java_args(method->size_of_parameters());
1151 
1152   if (!is_static) {
1153     java_args.push_oop(receiver);
1154   }
1155 
1156   for (int i = 0; i < args_len; i++) {
1157     oop type_mirror = ptypes->obj_at(i);
1158     oop arg = args->obj_at(i);
1159     if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(type_mirror)) {
1160       jvalue value;
1161       BasicType ptype = basic_type_mirror_to_basic_type(type_mirror, CHECK_NULL);
1162       BasicType atype = Reflection::unbox_for_primitive(arg, &value, CHECK_NULL);
1163       if (ptype != atype) {
1164         Reflection::widen(&value, atype, ptype, CHECK_NULL);
1165       }
1166       switch (ptype) {
1167         case T_BOOLEAN:     java_args.push_int(value.z);    break;
1168         case T_CHAR:        java_args.push_int(value.c);    break;
1169         case T_BYTE:        java_args.push_int(value.b);    break;
1170         case T_SHORT:       java_args.push_int(value.s);    break;
1171         case T_INT:         java_args.push_int(value.i);    break;
1172         case T_LONG:        java_args.push_long(value.j);   break;
1173         case T_FLOAT:       java_args.push_float(value.f);  break;
1174         case T_DOUBLE:      java_args.push_double(value.d); break;
1175         default:
1176           THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(), "argument type mismatch");
1177       }
1178     } else {
1179       if (arg != NULL) {
1180         Klass* k = java_lang_Class::as_Klass(type_mirror);
1181         if (!arg->is_a(k)) {
1182           THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_IllegalArgumentException(),
1183                       "argument type mismatch");
1184         }
1185       }
1186       Handle arg_handle(THREAD, arg);         // Create handle for argument
1187       java_args.push_oop(arg_handle); // Push handle
1188     }
1189   }
1190 
1191   assert(java_args.size_of_parameters() == method->size_of_parameters(),
1192     "just checking");
1193 
1194   // All oops (including receiver) is passed in as Handles. An potential oop is returned as an
1195   // oop (i.e., NOT as an handle)
1196   JavaValue result(rtype);
1197   JavaCalls::call(&result, method, &java_args, THREAD);
1198 
1199   if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
1200     // Method threw an exception; wrap it in an InvocationTargetException
1201     oop target_exception = PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1202     CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
1203     // JVMTI has already reported the pending exception
1204     // JVMTI internal flag reset is needed in order to report InvocationTargetException
1205     if (THREAD->is_Java_thread()) {
1206       JvmtiExport::clear_detected_exception((JavaThread*)THREAD);
1207     }
1208 
1209     JavaCallArguments args(Handle(THREAD, target_exception));
1210     THROW_ARG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_reflect_InvocationTargetException(),
1211                 vmSymbols::throwable_void_signature(),
1212                 &args);
1213   } else {
1214     if (rtype == T_BOOLEAN || rtype == T_BYTE || rtype == T_CHAR || rtype == T_SHORT) {
1215       narrow((jvalue*)result.get_value_addr(), rtype, CHECK_NULL);
1216     }
1217     return Reflection::box((jvalue*)result.get_value_addr(), rtype, THREAD);
1218   }
1219 }
1220 
1221 // This would be nicer if, say, java.lang.reflect.Method was a subclass
1222 // of java.lang.reflect.Constructor
1223 
1224 oop Reflection::invoke_method(oop method_mirror, Handle receiver, objArrayHandle args, TRAPS) {
1225   oop mirror             = java_lang_reflect_Method::clazz(method_mirror);
1226   int slot               = java_lang_reflect_Method::slot(method_mirror);
1227   bool override          = java_lang_reflect_Method::override(method_mirror) != 0;
1228   objArrayHandle ptypes(THREAD, objArrayOop(java_lang_reflect_Method::parameter_types(method_mirror)));
1229 
1230   oop return_type_mirror = java_lang_reflect_Method::return_type(method_mirror);
1231   BasicType rtype;
1232   if (java_lang_Class::is_primitive(return_type_mirror)) {
1233     rtype = basic_type_mirror_to_basic_type(return_type_mirror, CHECK_NULL);
1234   } else {
1235     rtype = T_OBJECT;
1236   }
1237 
1238   InstanceKlass* klass = InstanceKlass::cast(java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror));
1239   Method* m = klass->method_with_idnum(slot);
1240   if (m == NULL) {
1241     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), "invoke");
1242   }
1243   methodHandle method(THREAD, m);
1244 
1245   return invoke(klass, method, receiver, override, ptypes, rtype, args, true, THREAD);
1246 }
1247 
1248 
1249 oop Reflection::invoke_constructor(oop constructor_mirror, objArrayHandle args, TRAPS) {
1250   oop mirror             = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::clazz(constructor_mirror);
1251   int slot               = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::slot(constructor_mirror);
1252   bool override          = java_lang_reflect_Constructor::override(constructor_mirror) != 0;
1253   objArrayHandle ptypes(THREAD, objArrayOop(java_lang_reflect_Constructor::parameter_types(constructor_mirror)));
1254 
1255   InstanceKlass* klass = InstanceKlass::cast(java_lang_Class::as_Klass(mirror));
1256   Method* m = klass->method_with_idnum(slot);
1257   if (m == NULL) {
1258     THROW_MSG_0(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), "invoke");
1259   }
1260   methodHandle method(THREAD, m);
1261   assert(method->name() == vmSymbols::object_initializer_name(), "invalid constructor");
1262 
1263   // Make sure klass gets initialize
1264   klass->initialize(CHECK_NULL);
1265 
1266   // Create new instance (the receiver)
1267   klass->check_valid_for_instantiation(false, CHECK_NULL);
1268   Handle receiver = klass->allocate_instance_handle(CHECK_NULL);
1269 
1270   // Ignore result from call and return receiver
1271   invoke(klass, method, receiver, override, ptypes, T_VOID, args, false, CHECK_NULL);
1272   return receiver();
1273 }