1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1994, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
   8  * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
   9  * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
  10  *
  11  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  12  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  13  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  14  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  15  * accompanied this code).
  16  *
  17  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  18  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  19  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  20  *
  21  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  22  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  23  * questions.
  24  */
  25 
  26 package java.lang;
  27 
  28 import java.lang.annotation.Annotation;
  29 import java.lang.module.ModuleReader;
  30 import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
  31 import java.io.IOException;
  32 import java.io.InputStream;
  33 import java.io.ObjectStreamField;
  34 import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedElement;
  35 import java.lang.reflect.AnnotatedType;
  36 import java.lang.reflect.Array;
  37 import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
  38 import java.lang.reflect.Executable;
  39 import java.lang.reflect.Field;
  40 import java.lang.reflect.GenericArrayType;
  41 import java.lang.reflect.GenericDeclaration;
  42 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
  43 import java.lang.reflect.Member;
  44 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
  45 import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
  46 import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
  47 import java.lang.reflect.Type;
  48 import java.lang.reflect.TypeVariable;
  49 import java.net.URL;
  50 import java.security.AccessController;
  51 import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
  52 import java.util.ArrayList;
  53 import java.util.Arrays;
  54 import java.util.Collection;
  55 import java.util.HashMap;
  56 import java.util.HashSet;
  57 import java.util.LinkedHashMap;
  58 import java.util.List;
  59 import java.util.Map;
  60 import java.util.Objects;
  61 import java.util.Set;
  62 import java.util.StringJoiner;
  63 
  64 import jdk.internal.HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate;
  65 import jdk.internal.loader.BootLoader;
  66 import jdk.internal.loader.BuiltinClassLoader;
  67 import jdk.internal.misc.Unsafe;
  68 import jdk.internal.misc.VM;
  69 import jdk.internal.module.Resources;
  70 import jdk.internal.reflect.CallerSensitive;
  71 import jdk.internal.reflect.ConstantPool;
  72 import jdk.internal.reflect.Reflection;
  73 import jdk.internal.reflect.ReflectionFactory;
  74 import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
  75 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.CoreReflectionFactory;
  76 import sun.reflect.generics.factory.GenericsFactory;
  77 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ClassRepository;
  78 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.MethodRepository;
  79 import sun.reflect.generics.repository.ConstructorRepository;
  80 import sun.reflect.generics.scope.ClassScope;
  81 import sun.security.util.SecurityConstants;
  82 import sun.reflect.annotation.*;
  83 import sun.reflect.misc.ReflectUtil;
  84 
  85 /**
  86  * Instances of the class {@code Class} represent classes and
  87  * interfaces in a running Java application.  An enum is a kind of
  88  * class and an annotation is a kind of interface.  Every array also
  89  * belongs to a class that is reflected as a {@code Class} object
  90  * that is shared by all arrays with the same element type and number
  91  * of dimensions.  The primitive Java types ({@code boolean},
  92  * {@code byte}, {@code char}, {@code short},
  93  * {@code int}, {@code long}, {@code float}, and
  94  * {@code double}), and the keyword {@code void} are also
  95  * represented as {@code Class} objects.
  96  *
  97  * <p> {@code Class} has no public constructor. Instead {@code Class}
  98  * objects are constructed automatically by the Java Virtual Machine as classes
  99  * are loaded and by calls to the {@code defineClass} method in the class
 100  * loader.
 101  *
 102  * <p> The following example uses a {@code Class} object to print the
 103  * class name of an object:
 104  *
 105  * <blockquote><pre>
 106  *     void printClassName(Object obj) {
 107  *         System.out.println("The class of " + obj +
 108  *                            " is " + obj.getClass().getName());
 109  *     }
 110  * </pre></blockquote>
 111  *
 112  * <p> It is also possible to get the {@code Class} object for a named
 113  * type (or for void) using a class literal.  See Section 15.8.2 of
 114  * <cite>The Java&trade; Language Specification</cite>.
 115  * For example:
 116  *
 117  * <blockquote>
 118  *     {@code System.out.println("The name of class Foo is: "+Foo.class.getName());}
 119  * </blockquote>
 120  *
 121  * @param <T> the type of the class modeled by this {@code Class}
 122  * object.  For example, the type of {@code String.class} is {@code
 123  * Class<String>}.  Use {@code Class<?>} if the class being modeled is
 124  * unknown.
 125  *
 126  * @author  unascribed
 127  * @see     java.lang.ClassLoader#defineClass(byte[], int, int)
 128  * @since   1.0
 129  */
 130 public final class Class<T> implements java.io.Serializable,
 131                               GenericDeclaration,
 132                               Type,
 133                               AnnotatedElement {
 134     private static final int ANNOTATION= 0x00002000;
 135     private static final int ENUM      = 0x00004000;
 136     private static final int SYNTHETIC = 0x00001000;
 137 
 138     private static native void registerNatives();
 139     static {
 140         registerNatives();
 141     }
 142 
 143     /*
 144      * Private constructor. Only the Java Virtual Machine creates Class objects.
 145      * This constructor is not used and prevents the default constructor being
 146      * generated.
 147      */
 148     private Class(ClassLoader loader, Class<?> arrayComponentType) {
 149         // Initialize final field for classLoader.  The initialization value of non-null
 150         // prevents future JIT optimizations from assuming this final field is null.
 151         classLoader = loader;
 152         componentType = arrayComponentType;
 153     }
 154 
 155     /**
 156      * Converts the object to a string. The string representation is the
 157      * string "class" or "interface", followed by a space, and then by the
 158      * fully qualified name of the class in the format returned by
 159      * {@code getName}.  If this {@code Class} object represents a
 160      * primitive type, this method returns the name of the primitive type.  If
 161      * this {@code Class} object represents void this method returns
 162      * "void". If this {@code Class} object represents an array type,
 163      * this method returns "class " followed by {@code getName}.
 164      *
 165      * @return a string representation of this class object.
 166      */
 167     public String toString() {
 168         return (isInterface() ? "interface " : (isPrimitive() ? "" : "class "))
 169             + getName();
 170     }
 171 
 172     /**
 173      * Returns a string describing this {@code Class}, including
 174      * information about modifiers and type parameters.
 175      *
 176      * The string is formatted as a list of type modifiers, if any,
 177      * followed by the kind of type (empty string for primitive types
 178      * and {@code class}, {@code enum}, {@code interface}, or
 179      * <code>@</code>{@code interface}, as appropriate), followed
 180      * by the type's name, followed by an angle-bracketed
 181      * comma-separated list of the type's type parameters, if any.
 182      *
 183      * A space is used to separate modifiers from one another and to
 184      * separate any modifiers from the kind of type. The modifiers
 185      * occur in canonical order. If there are no type parameters, the
 186      * type parameter list is elided.
 187      *
 188      * For an array type, the string starts with the type name,
 189      * followed by an angle-bracketed comma-separated list of the
 190      * type's type parameters, if any, followed by a sequence of
 191      * {@code []} characters, one set of brackets per dimension of
 192      * the array.
 193      *
 194      * <p>Note that since information about the runtime representation
 195      * of a type is being generated, modifiers not present on the
 196      * originating source code or illegal on the originating source
 197      * code may be present.
 198      *
 199      * @return a string describing this {@code Class}, including
 200      * information about modifiers and type parameters
 201      *
 202      * @since 1.8
 203      */
 204     public String toGenericString() {
 205         if (isPrimitive()) {
 206             return toString();
 207         } else {
 208             StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
 209             Class<?> component = this;
 210             int arrayDepth = 0;
 211 
 212             if (isArray()) {
 213                 do {
 214                     arrayDepth++;
 215                     component = component.getComponentType();
 216                 } while (component.isArray());
 217                 sb.append(component.getName());
 218             } else {
 219                 // Class modifiers are a superset of interface modifiers
 220                 int modifiers = getModifiers() & Modifier.classModifiers();
 221                 if (modifiers != 0) {
 222                     sb.append(Modifier.toString(modifiers));
 223                     sb.append(' ');
 224                 }
 225 
 226                 if (isAnnotation()) {
 227                     sb.append('@');
 228                 }
 229                 if (isInterface()) { // Note: all annotation types are interfaces
 230                     sb.append("interface");
 231                 } else {
 232                     if (isEnum())
 233                         sb.append("enum");
 234                     else
 235                         sb.append("class");
 236                 }
 237                 sb.append(' ');
 238                 sb.append(getName());
 239             }
 240 
 241             TypeVariable<?>[] typeparms = component.getTypeParameters();
 242             if (typeparms.length > 0) {
 243                 StringJoiner sj = new StringJoiner(",", "<", ">");
 244                 for(TypeVariable<?> typeparm: typeparms) {
 245                     sj.add(typeparm.getTypeName());
 246                 }
 247                 sb.append(sj.toString());
 248             }
 249 
 250             for (int i = 0; i < arrayDepth; i++)
 251                 sb.append("[]");
 252 
 253             return sb.toString();
 254         }
 255     }
 256 
 257     /**
 258      * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
 259      * interface with the given string name.  Invoking this method is
 260      * equivalent to:
 261      *
 262      * <blockquote>
 263      *  {@code Class.forName(className, true, currentLoader)}
 264      * </blockquote>
 265      *
 266      * where {@code currentLoader} denotes the defining class loader of
 267      * the current class.
 268      *
 269      * <p> For example, the following code fragment returns the
 270      * runtime {@code Class} descriptor for the class named
 271      * {@code java.lang.Thread}:
 272      *
 273      * <blockquote>
 274      *   {@code Class t = Class.forName("java.lang.Thread")}
 275      * </blockquote>
 276      * <p>
 277      * A call to {@code forName("X")} causes the class named
 278      * {@code X} to be initialized.
 279      *
 280      * @param      className   the fully qualified name of the desired class.
 281      * @return     the {@code Class} object for the class with the
 282      *             specified name.
 283      * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
 284      * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
 285      *            by this method fails
 286      * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located
 287      */
 288     @CallerSensitive
 289     public static Class<?> forName(String className)
 290                 throws ClassNotFoundException {
 291         Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
 292         return forName0(className, true, ClassLoader.getClassLoader(caller), caller);
 293     }
 294 
 295 
 296     /**
 297      * Returns the {@code Class} object associated with the class or
 298      * interface with the given string name, using the given class loader.
 299      * Given the fully qualified name for a class or interface (in the same
 300      * format returned by {@code getName}) this method attempts to
 301      * locate, load, and link the class or interface.  The specified class
 302      * loader is used to load the class or interface.  If the parameter
 303      * {@code loader} is null, the class is loaded through the bootstrap
 304      * class loader.  The class is initialized only if the
 305      * {@code initialize} parameter is {@code true} and if it has
 306      * not been initialized earlier.
 307      *
 308      * <p> If {@code name} denotes a primitive type or void, an attempt
 309      * will be made to locate a user-defined class in the unnamed package whose
 310      * name is {@code name}. Therefore, this method cannot be used to
 311      * obtain any of the {@code Class} objects representing primitive
 312      * types or void.
 313      *
 314      * <p> If {@code name} denotes an array class, the component type of
 315      * the array class is loaded but not initialized.
 316      *
 317      * <p> For example, in an instance method the expression:
 318      *
 319      * <blockquote>
 320      *  {@code Class.forName("Foo")}
 321      * </blockquote>
 322      *
 323      * is equivalent to:
 324      *
 325      * <blockquote>
 326      *  {@code Class.forName("Foo", true, this.getClass().getClassLoader())}
 327      * </blockquote>
 328      *
 329      * Note that this method throws errors related to loading, linking or
 330      * initializing as specified in Sections 12.2, 12.3 and 12.4 of <em>The
 331      * Java Language Specification</em>.
 332      * Note that this method does not check whether the requested class
 333      * is accessible to its caller.
 334      *
 335      * @param name       fully qualified name of the desired class
 336      * @param initialize if {@code true} the class will be initialized.
 337      *                   See Section 12.4 of <em>The Java Language Specification</em>.
 338      * @param loader     class loader from which the class must be loaded
 339      * @return           class object representing the desired class
 340      *
 341      * @exception LinkageError if the linkage fails
 342      * @exception ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization provoked
 343      *            by this method fails
 344      * @exception ClassNotFoundException if the class cannot be located by
 345      *            the specified class loader
 346      * @exception SecurityException
 347      *            if a security manager is present, and the {@code loader} is
 348      *            {@code null}, and the caller's class loader is not
 349      *            {@code null}, and the caller does not have the
 350      *            {@link RuntimePermission}{@code ("getClassLoader")}
 351      *
 352      * @see       java.lang.Class#forName(String)
 353      * @see       java.lang.ClassLoader
 354      * @since     1.2
 355      */
 356     @CallerSensitive
 357     public static Class<?> forName(String name, boolean initialize,
 358                                    ClassLoader loader)
 359         throws ClassNotFoundException
 360     {
 361         Class<?> caller = null;
 362         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
 363         if (sm != null) {
 364             // Reflective call to get caller class is only needed if a security manager
 365             // is present.  Avoid the overhead of making this call otherwise.
 366             caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
 367             if (VM.isSystemDomainLoader(loader)) {
 368                 ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getClassLoader(caller);
 369                 if (!VM.isSystemDomainLoader(ccl)) {
 370                     sm.checkPermission(
 371                         SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);
 372                 }
 373             }
 374         }
 375         return forName0(name, initialize, loader, caller);
 376     }
 377 
 378     /** Called after security check for system loader access checks have been made. */
 379     private static native Class<?> forName0(String name, boolean initialize,
 380                                             ClassLoader loader,
 381                                             Class<?> caller)
 382         throws ClassNotFoundException;
 383 
 384 
 385     /**
 386      * Returns the {@code Class} with the given <a href="ClassLoader.html#name">
 387      * binary name</a> in the given module.
 388      *
 389      * <p> This method attempts to locate, load, and link the class or interface.
 390      * It does not run the class initializer.  If the class is not found, this
 391      * method returns {@code null}. </p>
 392      *
 393      * <p> If the class loader of the given module defines other modules and
 394      * the given name is a class defined in a different module, this method
 395      * returns {@code null} after the class is loaded. </p>
 396      *
 397      * <p> This method does not check whether the requested class is
 398      * accessible to its caller. </p>
 399      *
 400      * @apiNote
 401      * This method returns {@code null} on failure rather than
 402      * throwing a {@link ClassNotFoundException}, as is done by
 403      * the {@link #forName(String, boolean, ClassLoader)} method.
 404      * The security check is a stack-based permission check if the caller
 405      * loads a class in another module.
 406      *
 407      * @param  module   A module
 408      * @param  name     The <a href="ClassLoader.html#name">binary name</a>
 409      *                  of the class
 410      * @return {@code Class} object of the given name defined in the given module;
 411      *         {@code null} if not found.
 412      *
 413      * @throws NullPointerException if the given module or name is {@code null}
 414      *
 415      * @throws LinkageError if the linkage fails
 416      *
 417      * @throws SecurityException
 418      *         <ul>
 419      *         <li> if the caller is not the specified module and
 420      *         {@code RuntimePermission("getClassLoader")} permission is denied; or</li>
 421      *         <li> access to the module content is denied. For example,
 422      *         permission check will be performed when a class loader calls
 423      *         {@link ModuleReader#open(String)} to read the bytes of a class file
 424      *         in a module.</li>
 425      *         </ul>
 426      *
 427      * @since 9
 428      * @spec JPMS
 429      */
 430     @CallerSensitive
 431     public static Class<?> forName(Module module, String name) {
 432         Objects.requireNonNull(module);
 433         Objects.requireNonNull(name);
 434 
 435         Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
 436         if (caller != null && caller.getModule() != module) {
 437             // if caller is null, Class.forName is the last java frame on the stack.
 438             // java.base has all permissions
 439             SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
 440             if (sm != null) {
 441                 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_CLASSLOADER_PERMISSION);
 442             }
 443         }
 444 
 445         PrivilegedAction<ClassLoader> pa = module::getClassLoader;
 446         ClassLoader cl = AccessController.doPrivileged(pa);
 447         if (cl != null) {
 448             return cl.loadClass(module, name);
 449         } else {
 450             return BootLoader.loadClass(module, name);
 451         }
 452     }
 453 
 454     /**
 455      * Creates a new instance of the class represented by this {@code Class}
 456      * object.  The class is instantiated as if by a {@code new}
 457      * expression with an empty argument list.  The class is initialized if it
 458      * has not already been initialized.
 459      *
 460      * @deprecated This method propagates any exception thrown by the
 461      * nullary constructor, including a checked exception.  Use of
 462      * this method effectively bypasses the compile-time exception
 463      * checking that would otherwise be performed by the compiler.
 464      * The {@link
 465      * java.lang.reflect.Constructor#newInstance(java.lang.Object...)
 466      * Constructor.newInstance} method avoids this problem by wrapping
 467      * any exception thrown by the constructor in a (checked) {@link
 468      * java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException}.
 469      *
 470      * <p>The call
 471      *
 472      * <pre>{@code
 473      * clazz.newInstance()
 474      * }</pre>
 475      *
 476      * can be replaced by
 477      *
 478      * <pre>{@code
 479      * clazz.getDeclaredConstructor().newInstance()
 480      * }</pre>
 481      *
 482      * The latter sequence of calls is inferred to be able to throw
 483      * the additional exception types {@link
 484      * InvocationTargetException} and {@link
 485      * NoSuchMethodException}. Both of these exception types are
 486      * subclasses of {@link ReflectiveOperationException}.
 487      *
 488      * @return  a newly allocated instance of the class represented by this
 489      *          object.
 490      * @throws  IllegalAccessException  if the class or its nullary
 491      *          constructor is not accessible.
 492      * @throws  InstantiationException
 493      *          if this {@code Class} represents an abstract class,
 494      *          an interface, an array class, a primitive type, or void;
 495      *          or if the class has no nullary constructor;
 496      *          or if the instantiation fails for some other reason.
 497      * @throws  ExceptionInInitializerError if the initialization
 498      *          provoked by this method fails.
 499      * @throws  SecurityException
 500      *          If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
 501      *          the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
 502      *          ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
 503      *          invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
 504      *          s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
 505      *          of this class.
 506      */
 507     @CallerSensitive
 508     @Deprecated(since="9")
 509     public T newInstance()
 510         throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException
 511     {
 512         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
 513         if (sm != null) {
 514             checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), false);
 515         }
 516 
 517         // NOTE: the following code may not be strictly correct under
 518         // the current Java memory model.
 519 
 520         // Constructor lookup
 521         if (cachedConstructor == null) {
 522             if (this == Class.class) {
 523                 throw new IllegalAccessException(
 524                     "Can not call newInstance() on the Class for java.lang.Class"
 525                 );
 526             }
 527             try {
 528                 Class<?>[] empty = {};
 529                 final Constructor<T> c = getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(
 530                     getConstructor0(empty, Member.DECLARED));
 531                 // Disable accessibility checks on the constructor
 532                 // since we have to do the security check here anyway
 533                 // (the stack depth is wrong for the Constructor's
 534                 // security check to work)
 535                 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
 536                     new java.security.PrivilegedAction<>() {
 537                         public Void run() {
 538                                 c.setAccessible(true);
 539                                 return null;
 540                             }
 541                         });
 542                 cachedConstructor = c;
 543             } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
 544                 throw (InstantiationException)
 545                     new InstantiationException(getName()).initCause(e);
 546             }
 547         }
 548         Constructor<T> tmpConstructor = cachedConstructor;
 549         // Security check (same as in java.lang.reflect.Constructor)
 550         Class<?> caller = Reflection.getCallerClass();
 551         if (newInstanceCallerCache != caller) {
 552             int modifiers = tmpConstructor.getModifiers();
 553             Reflection.ensureMemberAccess(caller, this, this, modifiers);
 554             newInstanceCallerCache = caller;
 555         }
 556         // Run constructor
 557         try {
 558             return tmpConstructor.newInstance((Object[])null);
 559         } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
 560             Unsafe.getUnsafe().throwException(e.getTargetException());
 561             // Not reached
 562             return null;
 563         }
 564     }
 565     private transient volatile Constructor<T> cachedConstructor;
 566     private transient volatile Class<?>       newInstanceCallerCache;
 567 
 568 
 569     /**
 570      * Determines if the specified {@code Object} is assignment-compatible
 571      * with the object represented by this {@code Class}.  This method is
 572      * the dynamic equivalent of the Java language {@code instanceof}
 573      * operator. The method returns {@code true} if the specified
 574      * {@code Object} argument is non-null and can be cast to the
 575      * reference type represented by this {@code Class} object without
 576      * raising a {@code ClassCastException.} It returns {@code false}
 577      * otherwise.
 578      *
 579      * <p> Specifically, if this {@code Class} object represents a
 580      * declared class, this method returns {@code true} if the specified
 581      * {@code Object} argument is an instance of the represented class (or
 582      * of any of its subclasses); it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
 583      * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, this method
 584      * returns {@code true} if the specified {@code Object} argument
 585      * can be converted to an object of the array class by an identity
 586      * conversion or by a widening reference conversion; it returns
 587      * {@code false} otherwise. If this {@code Class} object
 588      * represents an interface, this method returns {@code true} if the
 589      * class or any superclass of the specified {@code Object} argument
 590      * implements this interface; it returns {@code false} otherwise. If
 591      * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, this method
 592      * returns {@code false}.
 593      *
 594      * @param   obj the object to check
 595      * @return  true if {@code obj} is an instance of this class
 596      *
 597      * @since 1.1
 598      */
 599     @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
 600     public native boolean isInstance(Object obj);
 601 
 602 
 603     /**
 604      * Determines if the class or interface represented by this
 605      * {@code Class} object is either the same as, or is a superclass or
 606      * superinterface of, the class or interface represented by the specified
 607      * {@code Class} parameter. It returns {@code true} if so;
 608      * otherwise it returns {@code false}. If this {@code Class}
 609      * object represents a primitive type, this method returns
 610      * {@code true} if the specified {@code Class} parameter is
 611      * exactly this {@code Class} object; otherwise it returns
 612      * {@code false}.
 613      *
 614      * <p> Specifically, this method tests whether the type represented by the
 615      * specified {@code Class} parameter can be converted to the type
 616      * represented by this {@code Class} object via an identity conversion
 617      * or via a widening reference conversion. See <em>The Java Language
 618      * Specification</em>, sections 5.1.1 and 5.1.4 , for details.
 619      *
 620      * @param cls the {@code Class} object to be checked
 621      * @return the {@code boolean} value indicating whether objects of the
 622      * type {@code cls} can be assigned to objects of this class
 623      * @exception NullPointerException if the specified Class parameter is
 624      *            null.
 625      * @since 1.1
 626      */
 627     @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
 628     public native boolean isAssignableFrom(Class<?> cls);
 629 
 630 
 631     /**
 632      * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents an
 633      * interface type.
 634      *
 635      * @return  {@code true} if this object represents an interface;
 636      *          {@code false} otherwise.
 637      */
 638     @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
 639     public native boolean isInterface();
 640 
 641 
 642     /**
 643      * Determines if this {@code Class} object represents an array class.
 644      *
 645      * @return  {@code true} if this object represents an array class;
 646      *          {@code false} otherwise.
 647      * @since   1.1
 648      */
 649     @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
 650     public native boolean isArray();
 651 
 652 
 653     /**
 654      * Determines if the specified {@code Class} object represents a
 655      * primitive type.
 656      *
 657      * <p> There are nine predefined {@code Class} objects to represent
 658      * the eight primitive types and void.  These are created by the Java
 659      * Virtual Machine, and have the same names as the primitive types that
 660      * they represent, namely {@code boolean}, {@code byte},
 661      * {@code char}, {@code short}, {@code int},
 662      * {@code long}, {@code float}, and {@code double}.
 663      *
 664      * <p> These objects may only be accessed via the following public static
 665      * final variables, and are the only {@code Class} objects for which
 666      * this method returns {@code true}.
 667      *
 668      * @return true if and only if this class represents a primitive type
 669      *
 670      * @see     java.lang.Boolean#TYPE
 671      * @see     java.lang.Character#TYPE
 672      * @see     java.lang.Byte#TYPE
 673      * @see     java.lang.Short#TYPE
 674      * @see     java.lang.Integer#TYPE
 675      * @see     java.lang.Long#TYPE
 676      * @see     java.lang.Float#TYPE
 677      * @see     java.lang.Double#TYPE
 678      * @see     java.lang.Void#TYPE
 679      * @since 1.1
 680      */
 681     @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
 682     public native boolean isPrimitive();
 683 
 684     /**
 685      * Returns true if this {@code Class} object represents an annotation
 686      * type.  Note that if this method returns true, {@link #isInterface()}
 687      * would also return true, as all annotation types are also interfaces.
 688      *
 689      * @return {@code true} if this class object represents an annotation
 690      *      type; {@code false} otherwise
 691      * @since 1.5
 692      */
 693     public boolean isAnnotation() {
 694         return (getModifiers() & ANNOTATION) != 0;
 695     }
 696 
 697     /**
 698      * Returns {@code true} if this class is a synthetic class;
 699      * returns {@code false} otherwise.
 700      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a synthetic class as
 701      *         defined by the Java Language Specification.
 702      * @jls 13.1 The Form of a Binary
 703      * @since 1.5
 704      */
 705     public boolean isSynthetic() {
 706         return (getModifiers() & SYNTHETIC) != 0;
 707     }
 708 
 709     /**
 710      * Returns the  name of the entity (class, interface, array class,
 711      * primitive type, or void) represented by this {@code Class} object,
 712      * as a {@code String}.
 713      *
 714      * <p> If this class object represents a reference type that is not an
 715      * array type then the binary name of the class is returned, as specified
 716      * by
 717      * <cite>The Java&trade; Language Specification</cite>.
 718      *
 719      * <p> If this class object represents a primitive type or void, then the
 720      * name returned is a {@code String} equal to the Java language
 721      * keyword corresponding to the primitive type or void.
 722      *
 723      * <p> If this class object represents a class of arrays, then the internal
 724      * form of the name consists of the name of the element type preceded by
 725      * one or more '{@code [}' characters representing the depth of the array
 726      * nesting.  The encoding of element type names is as follows:
 727      *
 728      * <blockquote><table class="borderless">
 729      * <caption style="display:none">Element types and encodings</caption>
 730      * <thead>
 731      * <tr><th style="padding-right:3em;"> Element Type <th> Encoding
 732      * </thead>
 733      * <tbody>
 734      * <tr><td> boolean      <td style="text-align:center"> Z
 735      * <tr><td> byte         <td style="text-align:center"> B
 736      * <tr><td> char         <td style="text-align:center"> C
 737      * <tr><td> class or interface
 738      *                       <td style="text-align:center"> L<i>classname</i>;
 739      * <tr><td> double       <td style="text-align:center"> D
 740      * <tr><td> float        <td style="text-align:center"> F
 741      * <tr><td> int          <td style="text-align:center"> I
 742      * <tr><td> long         <td style="text-align:center"> J
 743      * <tr><td> short        <td style="text-align:center"> S
 744      * </tbody>
 745      * </table></blockquote>
 746      *
 747      * <p> The class or interface name <i>classname</i> is the binary name of
 748      * the class specified above.
 749      *
 750      * <p> Examples:
 751      * <blockquote><pre>
 752      * String.class.getName()
 753      *     returns "java.lang.String"
 754      * byte.class.getName()
 755      *     returns "byte"
 756      * (new Object[3]).getClass().getName()
 757      *     returns "[Ljava.lang.Object;"
 758      * (new int[3][4][5][6][7][8][9]).getClass().getName()
 759      *     returns "[[[[[[[I"
 760      * </pre></blockquote>
 761      *
 762      * @return  the name of the class or interface
 763      *          represented by this object.
 764      */
 765     public String getName() {
 766         String name = this.name;
 767         if (name == null)
 768             this.name = name = getName0();
 769         return name;
 770     }
 771 
 772     // cache the name to reduce the number of calls into the VM
 773     private transient String name;
 774     private native String getName0();
 775 
 776     // JVM type signature, calculated lazily, interned and cached
 777     private transient String signature;
 778 
 779     /**
 780      * Returns a type signature for a Java Virtual Machine type represented by this
 781      * Class object.
 782      * <p>
 783      * <table>
 784      * <tr><th style="text-align:left">JVM Type Signature</th><th>&nbsp;</th><th style="text-align:left">Java Type</th></tr>
 785      * <tr><td>V</td><td/><td>void</td></tr>
 786      * <tr><td>Z</td><td/><td>boolean</td></tr>
 787      * <tr><td>B</td><td/><td>byte</td></tr>
 788      * <tr><td>C</td><td/><td>char</td></tr>
 789      * <tr><td>S</td><td/><td>short</td></tr>
 790      * <tr><td>I</td><td/><td>int</td></tr>
 791      * <tr><td>J</td><td/><td>long</td></tr>
 792      * <tr><td>F</td><td/><td>float</td></tr>
 793      * <tr><td>D</td><td/><td>double</td></tr>
 794      * <tr><td>Lfully-qualified-class ;</td><td/><td>fully-qualified-class</td></tr>
 795      * <tr><td>[ type</td><td/><td>type[]</td></tr>
 796      * </table>
 797      * 
 798      * @return Java Virtual Machine type signature represented by this Class, interned.
 799      * @since 10
 800      */
 801     public String getJvmTypeSignature() {
 802         String sig = signature;
 803         if (sig == null) {
 804             signature = sig = isPrimitive()
 805                               ? getPrimitiveSignature(this) // already interned
 806                               : appendClassSignature(new StringBuilder(), this)
 807                                   .toString().intern();
 808         }
 809         return sig;
 810     }
 811 
 812     // Returns JVM type signature for given primitive.
 813     private static String getPrimitiveSignature(Class<?> cl) {
 814         if (cl == Integer.TYPE)
 815             return "I";
 816         else if (cl == Byte.TYPE)
 817             return "B";
 818         else if (cl == Long.TYPE)
 819             return "J";
 820         else if (cl == Float.TYPE)
 821             return "F";
 822         else if (cl == Double.TYPE)
 823             return "D";
 824         else if (cl == Short.TYPE)
 825             return "S";
 826         else if (cl == Character.TYPE)
 827             return "C";
 828         else if (cl == Boolean.TYPE)
 829             return "Z";
 830         else if (cl == Void.TYPE)
 831             return "V";
 832         else
 833             throw new InternalError();
 834     }
 835 
 836     // appends JVM type signature for given non-primitive
 837     private static StringBuilder appendClassSignature(StringBuilder sbuf, Class<?> cl) {
 838         while (cl.isArray()) {
 839             sbuf.append('[');
 840             cl = cl.getComponentType();
 841         }
 842 
 843         if (cl.isPrimitive()) {
 844             sbuf.append(getPrimitiveSignature(cl));
 845         } else {
 846             sbuf.append('L').append(cl.getName().replace('.', '/')).append(';');
 847         }
 848 
 849         return sbuf;
 850     }
 851 
 852     /**
 853      * Returns the class loader for the class.  Some implementations may use
 854      * null to represent the bootstrap class loader. This method will return
 855      * null in such implementations if this class was loaded by the bootstrap
 856      * class loader.
 857      *
 858      * <p>If this object
 859      * represents a primitive type or void, null is returned.
 860      *
 861      * @return  the class loader that loaded the class or interface
 862      *          represented by this object.
 863      * @throws  SecurityException
 864      *          if a security manager is present, and the caller's class loader
 865      *          is not {@code null} and is not the same as or an ancestor of the
 866      *          class loader for the class whose class loader is requested,
 867      *          and the caller does not have the
 868      *          {@link RuntimePermission}{@code ("getClassLoader")}
 869      * @see java.lang.ClassLoader
 870      * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
 871      * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
 872      */
 873     @CallerSensitive
 874     @ForceInline // to ensure Reflection.getCallerClass optimization
 875     public ClassLoader getClassLoader() {
 876         ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
 877         if (cl == null)
 878             return null;
 879         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
 880         if (sm != null) {
 881             ClassLoader.checkClassLoaderPermission(cl, Reflection.getCallerClass());
 882         }
 883         return cl;
 884     }
 885 
 886     // Package-private to allow ClassLoader access
 887     ClassLoader getClassLoader0() { return classLoader; }
 888 
 889     /**
 890      * Returns the module that this class or interface is a member of.
 891      *
 892      * If this class represents an array type then this method returns the
 893      * {@code Module} for the element type. If this class represents a
 894      * primitive type or void, then the {@code Module} object for the
 895      * {@code java.base} module is returned.
 896      *
 897      * If this class is in an unnamed module then the {@link
 898      * ClassLoader#getUnnamedModule() unnamed} {@code Module} of the class
 899      * loader for this class is returned.
 900      *
 901      * @return the module that this class or interface is a member of
 902      *
 903      * @since 9
 904      * @spec JPMS
 905      */
 906     public Module getModule() {
 907         return module;
 908     }
 909 
 910     // set by VM
 911     private transient Module module;
 912 
 913     // Initialized in JVM not by private constructor
 914     // This field is filtered from reflection access, i.e. getDeclaredField
 915     // will throw NoSuchFieldException
 916     private final ClassLoader classLoader;
 917 
 918     /**
 919      * Returns an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent the
 920      * type variables declared by the generic declaration represented by this
 921      * {@code GenericDeclaration} object, in declaration order.  Returns an
 922      * array of length 0 if the underlying generic declaration declares no type
 923      * variables.
 924      *
 925      * @return an array of {@code TypeVariable} objects that represent
 926      *     the type variables declared by this generic declaration
 927      * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
 928      *     signature of this generic declaration does not conform to
 929      *     the format specified in
 930      *     <cite>The Java&trade; Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
 931      * @since 1.5
 932      */
 933     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
 934     public TypeVariable<Class<T>>[] getTypeParameters() {
 935         ClassRepository info = getGenericInfo();
 936         if (info != null)
 937             return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])info.getTypeParameters();
 938         else
 939             return (TypeVariable<Class<T>>[])new TypeVariable<?>[0];
 940     }
 941 
 942 
 943     /**
 944      * Returns the {@code Class} representing the direct superclass of the
 945      * entity (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by
 946      * this {@code Class}.  If this {@code Class} represents either the
 947      * {@code Object} class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then
 948      * null is returned.  If this object represents an array class then the
 949      * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
 950      * returned.
 951      *
 952      * @return the direct superclass of the class represented by this object
 953      */
 954     @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
 955     public native Class<? super T> getSuperclass();
 956 
 957 
 958     /**
 959      * Returns the {@code Type} representing the direct superclass of
 960      * the entity (class, interface, primitive type or void) represented by
 961      * this {@code Class}.
 962      *
 963      * <p>If the superclass is a parameterized type, the {@code Type}
 964      * object returned must accurately reflect the actual type
 965      * parameters used in the source code. The parameterized type
 966      * representing the superclass is created if it had not been
 967      * created before. See the declaration of {@link
 968      * java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType} for the
 969      * semantics of the creation process for parameterized types.  If
 970      * this {@code Class} represents either the {@code Object}
 971      * class, an interface, a primitive type, or void, then null is
 972      * returned.  If this object represents an array class then the
 973      * {@code Class} object representing the {@code Object} class is
 974      * returned.
 975      *
 976      * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError if the generic
 977      *     class signature does not conform to the format specified in
 978      *     <cite>The Java&trade; Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
 979      * @throws TypeNotPresentException if the generic superclass
 980      *     refers to a non-existent type declaration
 981      * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException if the
 982      *     generic superclass refers to a parameterized type that cannot be
 983      *     instantiated  for any reason
 984      * @return the direct superclass of the class represented by this object
 985      * @since 1.5
 986      */
 987     public Type getGenericSuperclass() {
 988         ClassRepository info = getGenericInfo();
 989         if (info == null) {
 990             return getSuperclass();
 991         }
 992 
 993         // Historical irregularity:
 994         // Generic signature marks interfaces with superclass = Object
 995         // but this API returns null for interfaces
 996         if (isInterface()) {
 997             return null;
 998         }
 999 
1000         return info.getSuperclass();
1001     }
1002 
1003     /**
1004      * Gets the package of this class.
1005      *
1006      * <p>If this class represents an array type, a primitive type or void,
1007      * this method returns {@code null}.
1008      *
1009      * @return the package of this class.
1010      * @revised 9
1011      * @spec JPMS
1012      */
1013     public Package getPackage() {
1014         if (isPrimitive() || isArray()) {
1015             return null;
1016         }
1017         ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
1018         return cl != null ? cl.definePackage(this)
1019                           : BootLoader.definePackage(this);
1020     }
1021 
1022     /**
1023      * Returns the fully qualified package name.
1024      *
1025      * <p> If this class is a top level class, then this method returns the fully
1026      * qualified name of the package that the class is a member of, or the
1027      * empty string if the class is in an unnamed package.
1028      *
1029      * <p> If this class is a member class, then this method is equivalent to
1030      * invoking {@code getPackageName()} on the {@link #getEnclosingClass
1031      * enclosing class}.
1032      *
1033      * <p> If this class is a {@link #isLocalClass local class} or an {@link
1034      * #isAnonymousClass() anonymous class}, then this method is equivalent to
1035      * invoking {@code getPackageName()} on the {@link #getDeclaringClass
1036      * declaring class} of the {@link #getEnclosingMethod enclosing method} or
1037      * {@link #getEnclosingConstructor enclosing constructor}.
1038      *
1039      * <p> If this class represents an array type then this method returns the
1040      * package name of the element type. If this class represents a primitive
1041      * type or void then the package name "{@code java.lang}" is returned.
1042      *
1043      * @return the fully qualified package name
1044      *
1045      * @since 9
1046      * @spec JPMS
1047      * @jls 6.7  Fully Qualified Names
1048      */
1049     public String getPackageName() {
1050         String pn = this.packageName;
1051         if (pn == null) {
1052             Class<?> c = this;
1053             while (c.isArray()) {
1054                 c = c.getComponentType();
1055             }
1056             if (c.isPrimitive()) {
1057                 pn = "java.lang";
1058             } else {
1059                 String cn = c.getName();
1060                 int dot = cn.lastIndexOf('.');
1061                 pn = (dot != -1) ? cn.substring(0, dot).intern() : "";
1062             }
1063             this.packageName = pn;
1064         }
1065         return pn;
1066     }
1067 
1068     // cached package name
1069     private transient String packageName;
1070 
1071     /**
1072      * Returns the interfaces directly implemented by the class or interface
1073      * represented by this object.
1074      *
1075      * <p>If this object represents a class, the return value is an array
1076      * containing objects representing all interfaces directly implemented by
1077      * the class.  The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds
1078      * to the order of the interface names in the {@code implements} clause of
1079      * the declaration of the class represented by this object.  For example,
1080      * given the declaration:
1081      * <blockquote>
1082      * {@code class Shimmer implements FloorWax, DessertTopping { ... }}
1083      * </blockquote>
1084      * suppose the value of {@code s} is an instance of
1085      * {@code Shimmer}; the value of the expression:
1086      * <blockquote>
1087      * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[0]}
1088      * </blockquote>
1089      * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
1090      * {@code FloorWax}; and the value of:
1091      * <blockquote>
1092      * {@code s.getClass().getInterfaces()[1]}
1093      * </blockquote>
1094      * is the {@code Class} object that represents interface
1095      * {@code DessertTopping}.
1096      *
1097      * <p>If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects
1098      * representing all interfaces directly extended by the interface.  The
1099      * order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of
1100      * the interface names in the {@code extends} clause of the declaration of
1101      * the interface represented by this object.
1102      *
1103      * <p>If this object represents a class or interface that implements no
1104      * interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0.
1105      *
1106      * <p>If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method
1107      * returns an array of length 0.
1108      *
1109      * <p>If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, the
1110      * interfaces {@code Cloneable} and {@code java.io.Serializable} are
1111      * returned in that order.
1112      *
1113      * @return an array of interfaces directly implemented by this class
1114      */
1115     public Class<?>[] getInterfaces() {
1116         // defensively copy before handing over to user code
1117         return getInterfaces(true);
1118     }
1119 
1120     private Class<?>[] getInterfaces(boolean cloneArray) {
1121         ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
1122         if (rd == null) {
1123             // no cloning required
1124             return getInterfaces0();
1125         } else {
1126             Class<?>[] interfaces = rd.interfaces;
1127             if (interfaces == null) {
1128                 interfaces = getInterfaces0();
1129                 rd.interfaces = interfaces;
1130             }
1131             // defensively copy if requested
1132             return cloneArray ? interfaces.clone() : interfaces;
1133         }
1134     }
1135 
1136     private native Class<?>[] getInterfaces0();
1137 
1138     /**
1139      * Returns the {@code Type}s representing the interfaces
1140      * directly implemented by the class or interface represented by
1141      * this object.
1142      *
1143      * <p>If a superinterface is a parameterized type, the
1144      * {@code Type} object returned for it must accurately reflect
1145      * the actual type parameters used in the source code. The
1146      * parameterized type representing each superinterface is created
1147      * if it had not been created before. See the declaration of
1148      * {@link java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType ParameterizedType}
1149      * for the semantics of the creation process for parameterized
1150      * types.
1151      *
1152      * <p>If this object represents a class, the return value is an array
1153      * containing objects representing all interfaces directly implemented by
1154      * the class.  The order of the interface objects in the array corresponds
1155      * to the order of the interface names in the {@code implements} clause of
1156      * the declaration of the class represented by this object.
1157      *
1158      * <p>If this object represents an interface, the array contains objects
1159      * representing all interfaces directly extended by the interface.  The
1160      * order of the interface objects in the array corresponds to the order of
1161      * the interface names in the {@code extends} clause of the declaration of
1162      * the interface represented by this object.
1163      *
1164      * <p>If this object represents a class or interface that implements no
1165      * interfaces, the method returns an array of length 0.
1166      *
1167      * <p>If this object represents a primitive type or void, the method
1168      * returns an array of length 0.
1169      *
1170      * <p>If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, the
1171      * interfaces {@code Cloneable} and {@code java.io.Serializable} are
1172      * returned in that order.
1173      *
1174      * @throws java.lang.reflect.GenericSignatureFormatError
1175      *     if the generic class signature does not conform to the format
1176      *     specified in
1177      *     <cite>The Java&trade; Virtual Machine Specification</cite>
1178      * @throws TypeNotPresentException if any of the generic
1179      *     superinterfaces refers to a non-existent type declaration
1180      * @throws java.lang.reflect.MalformedParameterizedTypeException
1181      *     if any of the generic superinterfaces refer to a parameterized
1182      *     type that cannot be instantiated for any reason
1183      * @return an array of interfaces directly implemented by this class
1184      * @since 1.5
1185      */
1186     public Type[] getGenericInterfaces() {
1187         ClassRepository info = getGenericInfo();
1188         return (info == null) ?  getInterfaces() : info.getSuperInterfaces();
1189     }
1190 
1191 
1192     /**
1193      * Returns the {@code Class} representing the component type of an
1194      * array.  If this class does not represent an array class this method
1195      * returns null.
1196      *
1197      * @return the {@code Class} representing the component type of this
1198      * class if this class is an array
1199      * @see     java.lang.reflect.Array
1200      * @since 1.1
1201      */
1202     public Class<?> getComponentType() {
1203         // Only return for array types. Storage may be reused for Class for instance types.
1204         if (isArray()) {
1205             return componentType;
1206         } else {
1207             return null;
1208         }
1209     }
1210 
1211     private final Class<?> componentType;
1212 
1213 
1214     /**
1215      * Returns the Java language modifiers for this class or interface, encoded
1216      * in an integer. The modifiers consist of the Java Virtual Machine's
1217      * constants for {@code public}, {@code protected},
1218      * {@code private}, {@code final}, {@code static},
1219      * {@code abstract} and {@code interface}; they should be decoded
1220      * using the methods of class {@code Modifier}.
1221      *
1222      * <p> If the underlying class is an array class, then its
1223      * {@code public}, {@code private} and {@code protected}
1224      * modifiers are the same as those of its component type.  If this
1225      * {@code Class} represents a primitive type or void, its
1226      * {@code public} modifier is always {@code true}, and its
1227      * {@code protected} and {@code private} modifiers are always
1228      * {@code false}. If this object represents an array class, a
1229      * primitive type or void, then its {@code final} modifier is always
1230      * {@code true} and its interface modifier is always
1231      * {@code false}. The values of its other modifiers are not determined
1232      * by this specification.
1233      *
1234      * <p> The modifier encodings are defined in <em>The Java Virtual Machine
1235      * Specification</em>, table 4.1.
1236      *
1237      * @return the {@code int} representing the modifiers for this class
1238      * @see     java.lang.reflect.Modifier
1239      * @since 1.1
1240      */
1241     @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
1242     public native int getModifiers();
1243 
1244 
1245     /**
1246      * Gets the signers of this class.
1247      *
1248      * @return  the signers of this class, or null if there are no signers.  In
1249      *          particular, this method returns null if this object represents
1250      *          a primitive type or void.
1251      * @since   1.1
1252      */
1253     public native Object[] getSigners();
1254 
1255 
1256     /**
1257      * Set the signers of this class.
1258      */
1259     native void setSigners(Object[] signers);
1260 
1261 
1262     /**
1263      * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous
1264      * class within a method, returns a {@link
1265      * java.lang.reflect.Method Method} object representing the
1266      * immediately enclosing method of the underlying class. Returns
1267      * {@code null} otherwise.
1268      *
1269      * In particular, this method returns {@code null} if the underlying
1270      * class is a local or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type
1271      * declaration, instance initializer or static initializer.
1272      *
1273      * @return the immediately enclosing method of the underlying class, if
1274      *     that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.
1275      *
1276      * @throws SecurityException
1277      *         If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1278      *         following conditions is met:
1279      *
1280      *         <ul>
1281      *
1282      *         <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
1283      *         class loader of the enclosing class and invocation of
1284      *         {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
1285      *         s.checkPermission} method with
1286      *         {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
1287      *         denies access to the methods within the enclosing class
1288      *
1289      *         <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1290      *         ancestor of the class loader for the enclosing class and
1291      *         invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1292      *         s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1293      *         of the enclosing class
1294      *
1295      *         </ul>
1296      * @since 1.5
1297      */
1298     @CallerSensitive
1299     public Method getEnclosingMethod() throws SecurityException {
1300         EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1301 
1302         if (enclosingInfo == null)
1303             return null;
1304         else {
1305             if (!enclosingInfo.isMethod())
1306                 return null;
1307 
1308             MethodRepository typeInfo = MethodRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),
1309                                                               getFactory());
1310             Class<?>   returnType       = toClass(typeInfo.getReturnType());
1311             Type []    parameterTypes   = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();
1312             Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];
1313 
1314             // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*
1315             // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used
1316             // don't have generics information
1317             for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)
1318                 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);
1319 
1320             // Perform access check
1321             final Class<?> enclosingCandidate = enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass();
1322             SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1323             if (sm != null) {
1324                 enclosingCandidate.checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED,
1325                                                      Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1326             }
1327             Method[] candidates = enclosingCandidate.privateGetDeclaredMethods(false);
1328 
1329             /*
1330              * Loop over all declared methods; match method name,
1331              * number of and type of parameters, *and* return
1332              * type.  Matching return type is also necessary
1333              * because of covariant returns, etc.
1334              */
1335             ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
1336             for (Method m : candidates) {
1337                 if (m.getName().equals(enclosingInfo.getName()) &&
1338                     arrayContentsEq(parameterClasses,
1339                                     fact.getExecutableSharedParameterTypes(m))) {
1340                     // finally, check return type
1341                     if (m.getReturnType().equals(returnType)) {
1342                         return fact.copyMethod(m);
1343                     }
1344                 }
1345             }
1346 
1347             throw new InternalError("Enclosing method not found");
1348         }
1349     }
1350 
1351     private native Object[] getEnclosingMethod0();
1352 
1353     private EnclosingMethodInfo getEnclosingMethodInfo() {
1354         Object[] enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethod0();
1355         if (enclosingInfo == null)
1356             return null;
1357         else {
1358             return new EnclosingMethodInfo(enclosingInfo);
1359         }
1360     }
1361 
1362     private static final class EnclosingMethodInfo {
1363         private final Class<?> enclosingClass;
1364         private final String name;
1365         private final String descriptor;
1366 
1367         static void validate(Object[] enclosingInfo) {
1368             if (enclosingInfo.length != 3)
1369                 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");
1370             try {
1371                 // The array is expected to have three elements:
1372 
1373                 // the immediately enclosing class
1374                 Class<?> enclosingClass = (Class<?>)enclosingInfo[0];
1375                 assert(enclosingClass != null);
1376 
1377                 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's
1378                 // name (can be null).
1379                 String name = (String)enclosingInfo[1];
1380 
1381                 // the immediately enclosing method or constructor's
1382                 // descriptor (null iff name is).
1383                 String descriptor = (String)enclosingInfo[2];
1384                 assert((name != null && descriptor != null) || name == descriptor);
1385             } catch (ClassCastException cce) {
1386                 throw new InternalError("Invalid type in enclosing method information", cce);
1387             }
1388         }
1389 
1390         EnclosingMethodInfo(Object[] enclosingInfo) {
1391             validate(enclosingInfo);
1392             this.enclosingClass = (Class<?>)enclosingInfo[0];
1393             this.name = (String)enclosingInfo[1];
1394             this.descriptor = (String)enclosingInfo[2];
1395         }
1396 
1397         boolean isPartial() {
1398             return enclosingClass == null || name == null || descriptor == null;
1399         }
1400 
1401         boolean isConstructor() { return !isPartial() && "<init>".equals(name); }
1402 
1403         boolean isMethod() { return !isPartial() && !isConstructor() && !"<clinit>".equals(name); }
1404 
1405         Class<?> getEnclosingClass() { return enclosingClass; }
1406 
1407         String getName() { return name; }
1408 
1409         String getDescriptor() { return descriptor; }
1410 
1411     }
1412 
1413     private static Class<?> toClass(Type o) {
1414         if (o instanceof GenericArrayType)
1415             return Array.newInstance(toClass(((GenericArrayType)o).getGenericComponentType()),
1416                                      0)
1417                 .getClass();
1418         return (Class<?>)o;
1419      }
1420 
1421     /**
1422      * If this {@code Class} object represents a local or anonymous
1423      * class within a constructor, returns a {@link
1424      * java.lang.reflect.Constructor Constructor} object representing
1425      * the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying
1426      * class. Returns {@code null} otherwise.  In particular, this
1427      * method returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a local
1428      * or anonymous class immediately enclosed by a type declaration,
1429      * instance initializer or static initializer.
1430      *
1431      * @return the immediately enclosing constructor of the underlying class, if
1432      *     that class is a local or anonymous class; otherwise {@code null}.
1433      * @throws SecurityException
1434      *         If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
1435      *         following conditions is met:
1436      *
1437      *         <ul>
1438      *
1439      *         <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
1440      *         class loader of the enclosing class and invocation of
1441      *         {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
1442      *         s.checkPermission} method with
1443      *         {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
1444      *         denies access to the constructors within the enclosing class
1445      *
1446      *         <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1447      *         ancestor of the class loader for the enclosing class and
1448      *         invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1449      *         s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1450      *         of the enclosing class
1451      *
1452      *         </ul>
1453      * @since 1.5
1454      */
1455     @CallerSensitive
1456     public Constructor<?> getEnclosingConstructor() throws SecurityException {
1457         EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1458 
1459         if (enclosingInfo == null)
1460             return null;
1461         else {
1462             if (!enclosingInfo.isConstructor())
1463                 return null;
1464 
1465             ConstructorRepository typeInfo = ConstructorRepository.make(enclosingInfo.getDescriptor(),
1466                                                                         getFactory());
1467             Type []    parameterTypes   = typeInfo.getParameterTypes();
1468             Class<?>[] parameterClasses = new Class<?>[parameterTypes.length];
1469 
1470             // Convert Types to Classes; returned types *should*
1471             // be class objects since the methodDescriptor's used
1472             // don't have generics information
1473             for(int i = 0; i < parameterClasses.length; i++)
1474                 parameterClasses[i] = toClass(parameterTypes[i]);
1475 
1476             // Perform access check
1477             final Class<?> enclosingCandidate = enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass();
1478             SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1479             if (sm != null) {
1480                 enclosingCandidate.checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED,
1481                                                      Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1482             }
1483 
1484             Constructor<?>[] candidates = enclosingCandidate
1485                     .privateGetDeclaredConstructors(false);
1486             /*
1487              * Loop over all declared constructors; match number
1488              * of and type of parameters.
1489              */
1490             ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
1491             for (Constructor<?> c : candidates) {
1492                 if (arrayContentsEq(parameterClasses,
1493                                     fact.getExecutableSharedParameterTypes(c))) {
1494                     return fact.copyConstructor(c);
1495                 }
1496             }
1497 
1498             throw new InternalError("Enclosing constructor not found");
1499         }
1500     }
1501 
1502 
1503     /**
1504      * If the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} object
1505      * is a member of another class, returns the {@code Class} object
1506      * representing the class in which it was declared.  This method returns
1507      * null if this class or interface is not a member of any other class.  If
1508      * this {@code Class} object represents an array class, a primitive
1509      * type, or void,then this method returns null.
1510      *
1511      * @return the declaring class for this class
1512      * @throws SecurityException
1513      *         If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and the caller's
1514      *         class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class
1515      *         loader for the declaring class and invocation of {@link
1516      *         SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess s.checkPackageAccess()}
1517      *         denies access to the package of the declaring class
1518      * @since 1.1
1519      */
1520     @CallerSensitive
1521     public Class<?> getDeclaringClass() throws SecurityException {
1522         final Class<?> candidate = getDeclaringClass0();
1523 
1524         if (candidate != null) {
1525             SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1526             if (sm != null) {
1527                 candidate.checkPackageAccess(sm,
1528                     ClassLoader.getClassLoader(Reflection.getCallerClass()), true);
1529             }
1530         }
1531         return candidate;
1532     }
1533 
1534     private native Class<?> getDeclaringClass0();
1535 
1536 
1537     /**
1538      * Returns the immediately enclosing class of the underlying
1539      * class.  If the underlying class is a top level class this
1540      * method returns {@code null}.
1541      * @return the immediately enclosing class of the underlying class
1542      * @exception  SecurityException
1543      *             If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and the caller's
1544      *             class loader is not the same as or an ancestor of the class
1545      *             loader for the enclosing class and invocation of {@link
1546      *             SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess s.checkPackageAccess()}
1547      *             denies access to the package of the enclosing class
1548      * @since 1.5
1549      */
1550     @CallerSensitive
1551     public Class<?> getEnclosingClass() throws SecurityException {
1552         // There are five kinds of classes (or interfaces):
1553         // a) Top level classes
1554         // b) Nested classes (static member classes)
1555         // c) Inner classes (non-static member classes)
1556         // d) Local classes (named classes declared within a method)
1557         // e) Anonymous classes
1558 
1559 
1560         // JVM Spec 4.7.7: A class must have an EnclosingMethod
1561         // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an
1562         // anonymous class.
1563         EnclosingMethodInfo enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethodInfo();
1564         Class<?> enclosingCandidate;
1565 
1566         if (enclosingInfo == null) {
1567             // This is a top level or a nested class or an inner class (a, b, or c)
1568             enclosingCandidate = getDeclaringClass0();
1569         } else {
1570             Class<?> enclosingClass = enclosingInfo.getEnclosingClass();
1571             // This is a local class or an anonymous class (d or e)
1572             if (enclosingClass == this || enclosingClass == null)
1573                 throw new InternalError("Malformed enclosing method information");
1574             else
1575                 enclosingCandidate = enclosingClass;
1576         }
1577 
1578         if (enclosingCandidate != null) {
1579             SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1580             if (sm != null) {
1581                 enclosingCandidate.checkPackageAccess(sm,
1582                     ClassLoader.getClassLoader(Reflection.getCallerClass()), true);
1583             }
1584         }
1585         return enclosingCandidate;
1586     }
1587 
1588     /**
1589      * Returns the simple name of the underlying class as given in the
1590      * source code. Returns an empty string if the underlying class is
1591      * anonymous.
1592      *
1593      * <p>The simple name of an array is the simple name of the
1594      * component type with "[]" appended.  In particular the simple
1595      * name of an array whose component type is anonymous is "[]".
1596      *
1597      * @return the simple name of the underlying class
1598      * @since 1.5
1599      */
1600     public String getSimpleName() {
1601         if (isArray())
1602             return getComponentType().getSimpleName()+"[]";
1603 
1604         String simpleName = getSimpleBinaryName();
1605         if (simpleName == null) { // top level class
1606             simpleName = getName();
1607             return simpleName.substring(simpleName.lastIndexOf('.')+1); // strip the package name
1608         }
1609         return simpleName;
1610     }
1611 
1612     /**
1613      * Return an informative string for the name of this type.
1614      *
1615      * @return an informative string for the name of this type
1616      * @since 1.8
1617      */
1618     public String getTypeName() {
1619         if (isArray()) {
1620             try {
1621                 Class<?> cl = this;
1622                 int dimensions = 0;
1623                 while (cl.isArray()) {
1624                     dimensions++;
1625                     cl = cl.getComponentType();
1626                 }
1627                 StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
1628                 sb.append(cl.getName());
1629                 for (int i = 0; i < dimensions; i++) {
1630                     sb.append("[]");
1631                 }
1632                 return sb.toString();
1633             } catch (Throwable e) { /*FALLTHRU*/ }
1634         }
1635         return getName();
1636     }
1637 
1638     /**
1639      * Returns the canonical name of the underlying class as
1640      * defined by the Java Language Specification.  Returns null if
1641      * the underlying class does not have a canonical name (i.e., if
1642      * it is a local or anonymous class or an array whose component
1643      * type does not have a canonical name).
1644      * @return the canonical name of the underlying class if it exists, and
1645      * {@code null} otherwise.
1646      * @since 1.5
1647      */
1648     public String getCanonicalName() {
1649         if (isArray()) {
1650             String canonicalName = getComponentType().getCanonicalName();
1651             if (canonicalName != null)
1652                 return canonicalName + "[]";
1653             else
1654                 return null;
1655         }
1656         if (isLocalOrAnonymousClass())
1657             return null;
1658         Class<?> enclosingClass = getEnclosingClass();
1659         if (enclosingClass == null) { // top level class
1660             return getName();
1661         } else {
1662             String enclosingName = enclosingClass.getCanonicalName();
1663             if (enclosingName == null)
1664                 return null;
1665             return enclosingName + "." + getSimpleName();
1666         }
1667     }
1668 
1669     /**
1670      * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1671      * is an anonymous class.
1672      *
1673      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is an anonymous class.
1674      * @since 1.5
1675      */
1676     public boolean isAnonymousClass() {
1677         return !isArray() && isLocalOrAnonymousClass() &&
1678                 getSimpleBinaryName0() == null;
1679     }
1680 
1681     /**
1682      * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1683      * is a local class.
1684      *
1685      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a local class.
1686      * @since 1.5
1687      */
1688     public boolean isLocalClass() {
1689         return isLocalOrAnonymousClass() &&
1690                 (isArray() || getSimpleBinaryName0() != null);
1691     }
1692 
1693     /**
1694      * Returns {@code true} if and only if the underlying class
1695      * is a member class.
1696      *
1697      * @return {@code true} if and only if this class is a member class.
1698      * @since 1.5
1699      */
1700     public boolean isMemberClass() {
1701         return !isLocalOrAnonymousClass() && getDeclaringClass0() != null;
1702     }
1703 
1704     /**
1705      * Returns the "simple binary name" of the underlying class, i.e.,
1706      * the binary name without the leading enclosing class name.
1707      * Returns {@code null} if the underlying class is a top level
1708      * class.
1709      */
1710     private String getSimpleBinaryName() {
1711         if (isTopLevelClass())
1712             return null;
1713         String name = getSimpleBinaryName0();
1714         if (name == null) // anonymous class
1715             return "";
1716         return name;
1717     }
1718 
1719     private native String getSimpleBinaryName0();
1720 
1721     /**
1722      * Returns {@code true} if this is a top level class.  Returns {@code false}
1723      * otherwise.
1724      */
1725     private boolean isTopLevelClass() {
1726         return !isLocalOrAnonymousClass() && getDeclaringClass0() == null;
1727     }
1728 
1729     /**
1730      * Returns {@code true} if this is a local class or an anonymous
1731      * class.  Returns {@code false} otherwise.
1732      */
1733     private boolean isLocalOrAnonymousClass() {
1734         // JVM Spec 4.7.7: A class must have an EnclosingMethod
1735         // attribute if and only if it is a local class or an
1736         // anonymous class.
1737         return hasEnclosingMethodInfo();
1738     }
1739 
1740     private boolean hasEnclosingMethodInfo() {
1741         Object[] enclosingInfo = getEnclosingMethod0();
1742         if (enclosingInfo != null) {
1743             EnclosingMethodInfo.validate(enclosingInfo);
1744             return true;
1745         }
1746         return false;
1747     }
1748 
1749     /**
1750      * Returns an array containing {@code Class} objects representing all
1751      * the public classes and interfaces that are members of the class
1752      * represented by this {@code Class} object.  This includes public
1753      * class and interface members inherited from superclasses and public class
1754      * and interface members declared by the class.  This method returns an
1755      * array of length 0 if this {@code Class} object has no public member
1756      * classes or interfaces.  This method also returns an array of length 0 if
1757      * this {@code Class} object represents a primitive type, an array
1758      * class, or void.
1759      *
1760      * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing the public
1761      *         members of this class
1762      * @throws SecurityException
1763      *         If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
1764      *         the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1765      *         ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1766      *         invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1767      *         s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1768      *         of this class.
1769      *
1770      * @since 1.1
1771      */
1772     @CallerSensitive
1773     public Class<?>[] getClasses() {
1774         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1775         if (sm != null) {
1776             checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), false);
1777         }
1778 
1779         // Privileged so this implementation can look at DECLARED classes,
1780         // something the caller might not have privilege to do.  The code here
1781         // is allowed to look at DECLARED classes because (1) it does not hand
1782         // out anything other than public members and (2) public member access
1783         // has already been ok'd by the SecurityManager.
1784 
1785         return java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
1786             new java.security.PrivilegedAction<>() {
1787                 public Class<?>[] run() {
1788                     List<Class<?>> list = new ArrayList<>();
1789                     Class<?> currentClass = Class.this;
1790                     while (currentClass != null) {
1791                         for (Class<?> m : currentClass.getDeclaredClasses()) {
1792                             if (Modifier.isPublic(m.getModifiers())) {
1793                                 list.add(m);
1794                             }
1795                         }
1796                         currentClass = currentClass.getSuperclass();
1797                     }
1798                     return list.toArray(new Class<?>[0]);
1799                 }
1800             });
1801     }
1802 
1803 
1804     /**
1805      * Returns an array containing {@code Field} objects reflecting all
1806      * the accessible public fields of the class or interface represented by
1807      * this {@code Class} object.
1808      *
1809      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class or interface with
1810      * no accessible public fields, then this method returns an array of length
1811      * 0.
1812      *
1813      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class, then this method
1814      * returns the public fields of the class and of all its superclasses and
1815      * superinterfaces.
1816      *
1817      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an interface, then this
1818      * method returns the fields of the interface and of all its
1819      * superinterfaces.
1820      *
1821      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, a primitive
1822      * type, or void, then this method returns an array of length 0.
1823      *
1824      * <p> The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any
1825      * particular order.
1826      *
1827      * @return the array of {@code Field} objects representing the
1828      *         public fields
1829      * @throws SecurityException
1830      *         If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
1831      *         the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1832      *         ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1833      *         invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1834      *         s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1835      *         of this class.
1836      *
1837      * @since 1.1
1838      * @jls 8.2 Class Members
1839      * @jls 8.3 Field Declarations
1840      */
1841     @CallerSensitive
1842     public Field[] getFields() throws SecurityException {
1843         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1844         if (sm != null) {
1845             checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1846         }
1847         return copyFields(privateGetPublicFields(null));
1848     }
1849 
1850 
1851     /**
1852      * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all the
1853      * public methods of the class or interface represented by this {@code
1854      * Class} object, including those declared by the class or interface and
1855      * those inherited from superclasses and superinterfaces.
1856      *
1857      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, then the
1858      * returned array has a {@code Method} object for each of the public
1859      * methods inherited by the array type from {@code Object}. It does not
1860      * contain a {@code Method} object for {@code clone()}.
1861      *
1862      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an interface then the
1863      * returned array does not contain any implicitly declared methods from
1864      * {@code Object}. Therefore, if no methods are explicitly declared in
1865      * this interface or any of its superinterfaces then the returned array
1866      * has length 0. (Note that a {@code Class} object which represents a class
1867      * always has public methods, inherited from {@code Object}.)
1868      *
1869      * <p> The returned array never contains methods with names "{@code <init>}"
1870      * or "{@code <clinit>}".
1871      *
1872      * <p> The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any
1873      * particular order.
1874      *
1875      * <p> Generally, the result is computed as with the following 4 step algorithm.
1876      * Let C be the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} object:
1877      * <ol>
1878      * <li> A union of methods is composed of:
1879      *   <ol type="a">
1880      *   <li> C's declared public instance and static methods as returned by
1881      *        {@link #getDeclaredMethods()} and filtered to include only public
1882      *        methods.</li>
1883      *   <li> If C is a class other than {@code Object}, then include the result
1884      *        of invoking this algorithm recursively on the superclass of C.</li>
1885      *   <li> Include the results of invoking this algorithm recursively on all
1886      *        direct superinterfaces of C, but include only instance methods.</li>
1887      *   </ol></li>
1888      * <li> Union from step 1 is partitioned into subsets of methods with same
1889      *      signature (name, parameter types) and return type.</li>
1890      * <li> Within each such subset only the most specific methods are selected.
1891      *      Let method M be a method from a set of methods with same signature
1892      *      and return type. M is most specific if there is no such method
1893      *      N != M from the same set, such that N is more specific than M.
1894      *      N is more specific than M if:
1895      *   <ol type="a">
1896      *   <li> N is declared by a class and M is declared by an interface; or</li>
1897      *   <li> N and M are both declared by classes or both by interfaces and
1898      *        N's declaring type is the same as or a subtype of M's declaring type
1899      *        (clearly, if M's and N's declaring types are the same type, then
1900      *        M and N are the same method).</li>
1901      *   </ol></li>
1902      * <li> The result of this algorithm is the union of all selected methods from
1903      *      step 3.</li>
1904      * </ol>
1905      *
1906      * @apiNote There may be more than one method with a particular name
1907      * and parameter types in a class because while the Java language forbids a
1908      * class to declare multiple methods with the same signature but different
1909      * return types, the Java virtual machine does not.  This
1910      * increased flexibility in the virtual machine can be used to
1911      * implement various language features.  For example, covariant
1912      * returns can be implemented with {@linkplain
1913      * java.lang.reflect.Method#isBridge bridge methods}; the bridge
1914      * method and the overriding method would have the same
1915      * signature but different return types.
1916      *
1917      * @return the array of {@code Method} objects representing the
1918      *         public methods of this class
1919      * @throws SecurityException
1920      *         If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
1921      *         the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1922      *         ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1923      *         invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1924      *         s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1925      *         of this class.
1926      *
1927      * @jls 8.2 Class Members
1928      * @jls 8.4 Method Declarations
1929      * @since 1.1
1930      */
1931     @CallerSensitive
1932     public Method[] getMethods() throws SecurityException {
1933         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1934         if (sm != null) {
1935             checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1936         }
1937         return copyMethods(privateGetPublicMethods());
1938     }
1939 
1940 
1941     /**
1942      * Returns an array containing {@code Constructor} objects reflecting
1943      * all the public constructors of the class represented by this
1944      * {@code Class} object.  An array of length 0 is returned if the
1945      * class has no public constructors, or if the class is an array class, or
1946      * if the class reflects a primitive type or void.
1947      *
1948      * Note that while this method returns an array of {@code
1949      * Constructor<T>} objects (that is an array of constructors from
1950      * this class), the return type of this method is {@code
1951      * Constructor<?>[]} and <em>not</em> {@code Constructor<T>[]} as
1952      * might be expected.  This less informative return type is
1953      * necessary since after being returned from this method, the
1954      * array could be modified to hold {@code Constructor} objects for
1955      * different classes, which would violate the type guarantees of
1956      * {@code Constructor<T>[]}.
1957      *
1958      * @return the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing the
1959      *         public constructors of this class
1960      * @throws SecurityException
1961      *         If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
1962      *         the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
1963      *         ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
1964      *         invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
1965      *         s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
1966      *         of this class.
1967      *
1968      * @since 1.1
1969      */
1970     @CallerSensitive
1971     public Constructor<?>[] getConstructors() throws SecurityException {
1972         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
1973         if (sm != null) {
1974             checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
1975         }
1976         return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(true));
1977     }
1978 
1979 
1980     /**
1981      * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified public member
1982      * field of the class or interface represented by this {@code Class}
1983      * object. The {@code name} parameter is a {@code String} specifying the
1984      * simple name of the desired field.
1985      *
1986      * <p> The field to be reflected is determined by the algorithm that
1987      * follows.  Let C be the class or interface represented by this object:
1988      *
1989      * <OL>
1990      * <LI> If C declares a public field with the name specified, that is the
1991      *      field to be reflected.</LI>
1992      * <LI> If no field was found in step 1 above, this algorithm is applied
1993      *      recursively to each direct superinterface of C. The direct
1994      *      superinterfaces are searched in the order they were declared.</LI>
1995      * <LI> If no field was found in steps 1 and 2 above, and C has a
1996      *      superclass S, then this algorithm is invoked recursively upon S.
1997      *      If C has no superclass, then a {@code NoSuchFieldException}
1998      *      is thrown.</LI>
1999      * </OL>
2000      *
2001      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, then this
2002      * method does not find the {@code length} field of the array type.
2003      *
2004      * @param name the field name
2005      * @return the {@code Field} object of this class specified by
2006      *         {@code name}
2007      * @throws NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
2008      *         not found.
2009      * @throws NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
2010      * @throws SecurityException
2011      *         If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
2012      *         the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2013      *         ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2014      *         invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2015      *         s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2016      *         of this class.
2017      *
2018      * @since 1.1
2019      * @jls 8.2 Class Members
2020      * @jls 8.3 Field Declarations
2021      */
2022     @CallerSensitive
2023     public Field getField(String name)
2024         throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {
2025         Objects.requireNonNull(name);
2026         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2027         if (sm != null) {
2028             checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2029         }
2030         Field field = getField0(name);
2031         if (field == null) {
2032             throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
2033         }
2034         return getReflectionFactory().copyField(field);
2035     }
2036 
2037 
2038     /**
2039      * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified public
2040      * member method of the class or interface represented by this
2041      * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
2042      * {@code String} specifying the simple name of the desired method. The
2043      * {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of {@code Class}
2044      * objects that identify the method's formal parameter types, in declared
2045      * order. If {@code parameterTypes} is {@code null}, it is
2046      * treated as if it were an empty array.
2047      *
2048      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, then this
2049      * method finds any public method inherited by the array type from
2050      * {@code Object} except method {@code clone()}.
2051      *
2052      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an interface then this
2053      * method does not find any implicitly declared method from
2054      * {@code Object}. Therefore, if no methods are explicitly declared in
2055      * this interface or any of its superinterfaces, then this method does not
2056      * find any method.
2057      *
2058      * <p> This method does not find any method with name "{@code <init>}" or
2059      * "{@code <clinit>}".
2060      *
2061      * <p> Generally, the method to be reflected is determined by the 4 step
2062      * algorithm that follows.
2063      * Let C be the class or interface represented by this {@code Class} object:
2064      * <ol>
2065      * <li> A union of methods is composed of:
2066      *   <ol type="a">
2067      *   <li> C's declared public instance and static methods as returned by
2068      *        {@link #getDeclaredMethods()} and filtered to include only public
2069      *        methods that match given {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes}</li>
2070      *   <li> If C is a class other than {@code Object}, then include the result
2071      *        of invoking this algorithm recursively on the superclass of C.</li>
2072      *   <li> Include the results of invoking this algorithm recursively on all
2073      *        direct superinterfaces of C, but include only instance methods.</li>
2074      *   </ol></li>
2075      * <li> This union is partitioned into subsets of methods with same
2076      *      return type (the selection of methods from step 1 also guarantees that
2077      *      they have the same method name and parameter types).</li>
2078      * <li> Within each such subset only the most specific methods are selected.
2079      *      Let method M be a method from a set of methods with same VM
2080      *      signature (return type, name, parameter types).
2081      *      M is most specific if there is no such method N != M from the same
2082      *      set, such that N is more specific than M. N is more specific than M
2083      *      if:
2084      *   <ol type="a">
2085      *   <li> N is declared by a class and M is declared by an interface; or</li>
2086      *   <li> N and M are both declared by classes or both by interfaces and
2087      *        N's declaring type is the same as or a subtype of M's declaring type
2088      *        (clearly, if M's and N's declaring types are the same type, then
2089      *        M and N are the same method).</li>
2090      *   </ol></li>
2091      * <li> The result of this algorithm is chosen arbitrarily from the methods
2092      *      with most specific return type among all selected methods from step 3.
2093      *      Let R be a return type of a method M from the set of all selected methods
2094      *      from step 3. M is a method with most specific return type if there is
2095      *      no such method N != M from the same set, having return type S != R,
2096      *      such that S is a subtype of R as determined by
2097      *      R.class.{@link #isAssignableFrom}(S.class).
2098      * </ol>
2099      *
2100      * @apiNote There may be more than one method with matching name and
2101      * parameter types in a class because while the Java language forbids a
2102      * class to declare multiple methods with the same signature but different
2103      * return types, the Java virtual machine does not.  This
2104      * increased flexibility in the virtual machine can be used to
2105      * implement various language features.  For example, covariant
2106      * returns can be implemented with {@linkplain
2107      * java.lang.reflect.Method#isBridge bridge methods}; the bridge
2108      * method and the overriding method would have the same
2109      * signature but different return types. This method would return the
2110      * overriding method as it would have a more specific return type.
2111      *
2112      * @param name the name of the method
2113      * @param parameterTypes the list of parameters
2114      * @return the {@code Method} object that matches the specified
2115      *         {@code name} and {@code parameterTypes}
2116      * @throws NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found
2117      *         or if the name is "&lt;init&gt;"or "&lt;clinit&gt;".
2118      * @throws NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
2119      * @throws SecurityException
2120      *         If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
2121      *         the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2122      *         ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2123      *         invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2124      *         s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2125      *         of this class.
2126      *
2127      * @jls 8.2 Class Members
2128      * @jls 8.4 Method Declarations
2129      * @since 1.1
2130      */
2131     @CallerSensitive
2132     public Method getMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
2133         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
2134         Objects.requireNonNull(name);
2135         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2136         if (sm != null) {
2137             checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2138         }
2139         Method method = getMethod0(name, parameterTypes);
2140         if (method == null) {
2141             throw new NoSuchMethodException(methodToString(name, parameterTypes));
2142         }
2143         return getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(method);
2144     }
2145 
2146     /**
2147      * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified
2148      * public constructor of the class represented by this {@code Class}
2149      * object. The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
2150      * {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's formal
2151      * parameter types, in declared order.
2152      *
2153      * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class
2154      * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types
2155      * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
2156      *
2157      * <p> The constructor to reflect is the public constructor of the class
2158      * represented by this {@code Class} object whose formal parameter
2159      * types match those specified by {@code parameterTypes}.
2160      *
2161      * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
2162      * @return the {@code Constructor} object of the public constructor that
2163      *         matches the specified {@code parameterTypes}
2164      * @throws NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
2165      * @throws SecurityException
2166      *         If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and
2167      *         the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2168      *         ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2169      *         invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2170      *         s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2171      *         of this class.
2172      *
2173      * @since 1.1
2174      */
2175     @CallerSensitive
2176     public Constructor<T> getConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
2177         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException
2178     {
2179         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2180         if (sm != null) {
2181             checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.PUBLIC, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2182         }
2183         return getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(
2184             getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.PUBLIC));
2185     }
2186 
2187 
2188     /**
2189      * Returns an array of {@code Class} objects reflecting all the
2190      * classes and interfaces declared as members of the class represented by
2191      * this {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
2192      * (package) access, and private classes and interfaces declared by the
2193      * class, but excludes inherited classes and interfaces.  This method
2194      * returns an array of length 0 if the class declares no classes or
2195      * interfaces as members, or if this {@code Class} object represents a
2196      * primitive type, an array class, or void.
2197      *
2198      * @return the array of {@code Class} objects representing all the
2199      *         declared members of this class
2200      * @throws SecurityException
2201      *         If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2202      *         following conditions is met:
2203      *
2204      *         <ul>
2205      *
2206      *         <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
2207      *         class loader of this class and invocation of
2208      *         {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
2209      *         s.checkPermission} method with
2210      *         {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
2211      *         denies access to the declared classes within this class
2212      *
2213      *         <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2214      *         ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2215      *         invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2216      *         s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2217      *         of this class
2218      *
2219      *         </ul>
2220      *
2221      * @since 1.1
2222      */
2223     @CallerSensitive
2224     public Class<?>[] getDeclaredClasses() throws SecurityException {
2225         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2226         if (sm != null) {
2227             checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), false);
2228         }
2229         return getDeclaredClasses0();
2230     }
2231 
2232 
2233     /**
2234      * Returns an array of {@code Field} objects reflecting all the fields
2235      * declared by the class or interface represented by this
2236      * {@code Class} object. This includes public, protected, default
2237      * (package) access, and private fields, but excludes inherited fields.
2238      *
2239      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class or interface with no
2240      * declared fields, then this method returns an array of length 0.
2241      *
2242      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, a primitive
2243      * type, or void, then this method returns an array of length 0.
2244      *
2245      * <p> The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any
2246      * particular order.
2247      *
2248      * @return  the array of {@code Field} objects representing all the
2249      *          declared fields of this class
2250      * @throws  SecurityException
2251      *          If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2252      *          following conditions is met:
2253      *
2254      *          <ul>
2255      *
2256      *          <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
2257      *          class loader of this class and invocation of
2258      *          {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
2259      *          s.checkPermission} method with
2260      *          {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
2261      *          denies access to the declared fields within this class
2262      *
2263      *          <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2264      *          ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2265      *          invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2266      *          s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2267      *          of this class
2268      *
2269      *          </ul>
2270      *
2271      * @since 1.1
2272      * @jls 8.2 Class Members
2273      * @jls 8.3 Field Declarations
2274      */
2275     @CallerSensitive
2276     public Field[] getDeclaredFields() throws SecurityException {
2277         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2278         if (sm != null) {
2279             checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2280         }
2281         return copyFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false));
2282     }
2283 
2284 
2285     /**
2286      * Returns an array containing {@code Method} objects reflecting all the
2287      * declared methods of the class or interface represented by this {@code
2288      * Class} object, including public, protected, default (package)
2289      * access, and private methods, but excluding inherited methods.
2290      *
2291      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a type that has multiple
2292      * declared methods with the same name and parameter types, but different
2293      * return types, then the returned array has a {@code Method} object for
2294      * each such method.
2295      *
2296      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a type that has a class
2297      * initialization method {@code <clinit>}, then the returned array does
2298      * <em>not</em> have a corresponding {@code Method} object.
2299      *
2300      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class or interface with no
2301      * declared methods, then the returned array has length 0.
2302      *
2303      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, a primitive
2304      * type, or void, then the returned array has length 0.
2305      *
2306      * <p> The elements in the returned array are not sorted and are not in any
2307      * particular order.
2308      *
2309      * @return  the array of {@code Method} objects representing all the
2310      *          declared methods of this class
2311      * @throws  SecurityException
2312      *          If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2313      *          following conditions is met:
2314      *
2315      *          <ul>
2316      *
2317      *          <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
2318      *          class loader of this class and invocation of
2319      *          {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
2320      *          s.checkPermission} method with
2321      *          {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
2322      *          denies access to the declared methods within this class
2323      *
2324      *          <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2325      *          ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2326      *          invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2327      *          s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2328      *          of this class
2329      *
2330      *          </ul>
2331      *
2332      * @jls 8.2 Class Members
2333      * @jls 8.4 Method Declarations
2334      * @since 1.1
2335      */
2336     @CallerSensitive
2337     public Method[] getDeclaredMethods() throws SecurityException {
2338         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2339         if (sm != null) {
2340             checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2341         }
2342         return copyMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false));
2343     }
2344 
2345 
2346     /**
2347      * Returns an array of {@code Constructor} objects reflecting all the
2348      * constructors declared by the class represented by this
2349      * {@code Class} object. These are public, protected, default
2350      * (package) access, and private constructors.  The elements in the array
2351      * returned are not sorted and are not in any particular order.  If the
2352      * class has a default constructor, it is included in the returned array.
2353      * This method returns an array of length 0 if this {@code Class}
2354      * object represents an interface, a primitive type, an array class, or
2355      * void.
2356      *
2357      * <p> See <em>The Java Language Specification</em>, section 8.2.
2358      *
2359      * @return  the array of {@code Constructor} objects representing all the
2360      *          declared constructors of this class
2361      * @throws  SecurityException
2362      *          If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2363      *          following conditions is met:
2364      *
2365      *          <ul>
2366      *
2367      *          <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
2368      *          class loader of this class and invocation of
2369      *          {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
2370      *          s.checkPermission} method with
2371      *          {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
2372      *          denies access to the declared constructors within this class
2373      *
2374      *          <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2375      *          ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2376      *          invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2377      *          s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2378      *          of this class
2379      *
2380      *          </ul>
2381      *
2382      * @since 1.1
2383      */
2384     @CallerSensitive
2385     public Constructor<?>[] getDeclaredConstructors() throws SecurityException {
2386         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2387         if (sm != null) {
2388             checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2389         }
2390         return copyConstructors(privateGetDeclaredConstructors(false));
2391     }
2392 
2393 
2394     /**
2395      * Returns a {@code Field} object that reflects the specified declared
2396      * field of the class or interface represented by this {@code Class}
2397      * object. The {@code name} parameter is a {@code String} that specifies
2398      * the simple name of the desired field.
2399      *
2400      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, then this
2401      * method does not find the {@code length} field of the array type.
2402      *
2403      * @param name the name of the field
2404      * @return  the {@code Field} object for the specified field in this
2405      *          class
2406      * @throws  NoSuchFieldException if a field with the specified name is
2407      *          not found.
2408      * @throws  NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
2409      * @throws  SecurityException
2410      *          If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2411      *          following conditions is met:
2412      *
2413      *          <ul>
2414      *
2415      *          <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
2416      *          class loader of this class and invocation of
2417      *          {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
2418      *          s.checkPermission} method with
2419      *          {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
2420      *          denies access to the declared field
2421      *
2422      *          <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2423      *          ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2424      *          invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2425      *          s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2426      *          of this class
2427      *
2428      *          </ul>
2429      *
2430      * @since 1.1
2431      * @jls 8.2 Class Members
2432      * @jls 8.3 Field Declarations
2433      */
2434     @CallerSensitive
2435     public Field getDeclaredField(String name)
2436         throws NoSuchFieldException, SecurityException {
2437         Objects.requireNonNull(name);
2438         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2439         if (sm != null) {
2440             checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2441         }
2442         Field field = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(false), name);
2443         if (field == null) {
2444             throw new NoSuchFieldException(name);
2445         }
2446         return getReflectionFactory().copyField(field);
2447     }
2448 
2449 
2450     /**
2451      * Returns a {@code Method} object that reflects the specified
2452      * declared method of the class or interface represented by this
2453      * {@code Class} object. The {@code name} parameter is a
2454      * {@code String} that specifies the simple name of the desired
2455      * method, and the {@code parameterTypes} parameter is an array of
2456      * {@code Class} objects that identify the method's formal parameter
2457      * types, in declared order.  If more than one method with the same
2458      * parameter types is declared in a class, and one of these methods has a
2459      * return type that is more specific than any of the others, that method is
2460      * returned; otherwise one of the methods is chosen arbitrarily.  If the
2461      * name is "&lt;init&gt;"or "&lt;clinit&gt;" a {@code NoSuchMethodException}
2462      * is raised.
2463      *
2464      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an array type, then this
2465      * method does not find the {@code clone()} method.
2466      *
2467      * @param name the name of the method
2468      * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
2469      * @return  the {@code Method} object for the method of this class
2470      *          matching the specified name and parameters
2471      * @throws  NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
2472      * @throws  NullPointerException if {@code name} is {@code null}
2473      * @throws  SecurityException
2474      *          If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2475      *          following conditions is met:
2476      *
2477      *          <ul>
2478      *
2479      *          <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
2480      *          class loader of this class and invocation of
2481      *          {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
2482      *          s.checkPermission} method with
2483      *          {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
2484      *          denies access to the declared method
2485      *
2486      *          <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2487      *          ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2488      *          invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2489      *          s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2490      *          of this class
2491      *
2492      *          </ul>
2493      *
2494      * @jls 8.2 Class Members
2495      * @jls 8.4 Method Declarations
2496      * @since 1.1
2497      */
2498     @CallerSensitive
2499     public Method getDeclaredMethod(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes)
2500         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException {
2501         Objects.requireNonNull(name);
2502         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2503         if (sm != null) {
2504             checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2505         }
2506         Method method = searchMethods(privateGetDeclaredMethods(false), name, parameterTypes);
2507         if (method == null) {
2508             throw new NoSuchMethodException(methodToString(name, parameterTypes));
2509         }
2510         return getReflectionFactory().copyMethod(method);
2511     }
2512 
2513     /**
2514      * Returns the list of {@code Method} objects for the declared public
2515      * methods of this class or interface that have the specified method name
2516      * and parameter types.
2517      *
2518      * @param name the name of the method
2519      * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
2520      * @return the list of {@code Method} objects for the public methods of
2521      *         this class matching the specified name and parameters
2522      */
2523     List<Method> getDeclaredPublicMethods(String name, Class<?>... parameterTypes) {
2524         Method[] methods = privateGetDeclaredMethods(/* publicOnly */ true);
2525         ReflectionFactory factory = getReflectionFactory();
2526         List<Method> result = new ArrayList<>();
2527         for (Method method : methods) {
2528             if (method.getName().equals(name)
2529                 && Arrays.equals(
2530                     factory.getExecutableSharedParameterTypes(method),
2531                     parameterTypes)) {
2532                 result.add(factory.copyMethod(method));
2533             }
2534         }
2535         return result;
2536     }
2537 
2538     /**
2539      * Returns a {@code Constructor} object that reflects the specified
2540      * constructor of the class or interface represented by this
2541      * {@code Class} object.  The {@code parameterTypes} parameter is
2542      * an array of {@code Class} objects that identify the constructor's
2543      * formal parameter types, in declared order.
2544      *
2545      * If this {@code Class} object represents an inner class
2546      * declared in a non-static context, the formal parameter types
2547      * include the explicit enclosing instance as the first parameter.
2548      *
2549      * @param parameterTypes the parameter array
2550      * @return  The {@code Constructor} object for the constructor with the
2551      *          specified parameter list
2552      * @throws  NoSuchMethodException if a matching method is not found.
2553      * @throws  SecurityException
2554      *          If a security manager, <i>s</i>, is present and any of the
2555      *          following conditions is met:
2556      *
2557      *          <ul>
2558      *
2559      *          <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as the
2560      *          class loader of this class and invocation of
2561      *          {@link SecurityManager#checkPermission
2562      *          s.checkPermission} method with
2563      *          {@code RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")}
2564      *          denies access to the declared constructor
2565      *
2566      *          <li> the caller's class loader is not the same as or an
2567      *          ancestor of the class loader for the current class and
2568      *          invocation of {@link SecurityManager#checkPackageAccess
2569      *          s.checkPackageAccess()} denies access to the package
2570      *          of this class
2571      *
2572      *          </ul>
2573      *
2574      * @since 1.1
2575      */
2576     @CallerSensitive
2577     public Constructor<T> getDeclaredConstructor(Class<?>... parameterTypes)
2578         throws NoSuchMethodException, SecurityException
2579     {
2580         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2581         if (sm != null) {
2582             checkMemberAccess(sm, Member.DECLARED, Reflection.getCallerClass(), true);
2583         }
2584 
2585         return getReflectionFactory().copyConstructor(
2586             getConstructor0(parameterTypes, Member.DECLARED));
2587     }
2588 
2589     /**
2590      * Finds a resource with a given name.
2591      *
2592      * <p> If this class is in a named {@link Module Module} then this method
2593      * will attempt to find the resource in the module. This is done by
2594      * delegating to the module's class loader {@link
2595      * ClassLoader#findResource(String,String) findResource(String,String)}
2596      * method, invoking it with the module name and the absolute name of the
2597      * resource. Resources in named modules are subject to the rules for
2598      * encapsulation specified in the {@code Module} {@link
2599      * Module#getResourceAsStream getResourceAsStream} method and so this
2600      * method returns {@code null} when the resource is a
2601      * non-"{@code .class}" resource in a package that is not open to the
2602      * caller's module.
2603      *
2604      * <p> Otherwise, if this class is not in a named module then the rules for
2605      * searching resources associated with a given class are implemented by the
2606      * defining {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class.  This method
2607      * delegates to this object's class loader.  If this object was loaded by
2608      * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
2609      * ClassLoader#getSystemResourceAsStream}.
2610      *
2611      * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
2612      * given resource name using this algorithm:
2613      *
2614      * <ul>
2615      *
2616      * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
2617      * (<code>'\u002f'</code>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
2618      * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
2619      *
2620      * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
2621      *
2622      * <blockquote>
2623      *   {@code modified_package_name/name}
2624      * </blockquote>
2625      *
2626      * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
2627      * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
2628      * (<code>'\u002e'</code>).
2629      *
2630      * </ul>
2631      *
2632      * @param  name name of the desired resource
2633      * @return  A {@link java.io.InputStream} object; {@code null} if no
2634      *          resource with this name is found, the resource is in a package
2635      *          that is not {@link Module#isOpen(String, Module) open} to at
2636      *          least the caller module, or access to the resource is denied
2637      *          by the security manager.
2638      * @throws  NullPointerException If {@code name} is {@code null}
2639      *
2640      * @see Module#getResourceAsStream(String)
2641      * @since  1.1
2642      * @revised 9
2643      * @spec JPMS
2644      */
2645     @CallerSensitive
2646     public InputStream getResourceAsStream(String name) {
2647         name = resolveName(name);
2648 
2649         Module thisModule = getModule();
2650         if (thisModule.isNamed()) {
2651             // check if resource can be located by caller
2652             if (Resources.canEncapsulate(name)
2653                 && !isOpenToCaller(name, Reflection.getCallerClass())) {
2654                 return null;
2655             }
2656 
2657             // resource not encapsulated or in package open to caller
2658             String mn = thisModule.getName();
2659             ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2660             try {
2661 
2662                 // special-case built-in class loaders to avoid the
2663                 // need for a URL connection
2664                 if (cl == null) {
2665                     return BootLoader.findResourceAsStream(mn, name);
2666                 } else if (cl instanceof BuiltinClassLoader) {
2667                     return ((BuiltinClassLoader) cl).findResourceAsStream(mn, name);
2668                 } else {
2669                     URL url = cl.findResource(mn, name);
2670                     return (url != null) ? url.openStream() : null;
2671                 }
2672 
2673             } catch (IOException | SecurityException e) {
2674                 return null;
2675             }
2676         }
2677 
2678         // unnamed module
2679         ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2680         if (cl == null) {
2681             return ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name);
2682         } else {
2683             return cl.getResourceAsStream(name);
2684         }
2685     }
2686 
2687     /**
2688      * Finds a resource with a given name.
2689      *
2690      * <p> If this class is in a named {@link Module Module} then this method
2691      * will attempt to find the resource in the module. This is done by
2692      * delegating to the module's class loader {@link
2693      * ClassLoader#findResource(String,String) findResource(String,String)}
2694      * method, invoking it with the module name and the absolute name of the
2695      * resource. Resources in named modules are subject to the rules for
2696      * encapsulation specified in the {@code Module} {@link
2697      * Module#getResourceAsStream getResourceAsStream} method and so this
2698      * method returns {@code null} when the resource is a
2699      * non-"{@code .class}" resource in a package that is not open to the
2700      * caller's module.
2701      *
2702      * <p> Otherwise, if this class is not in a named module then the rules for
2703      * searching resources associated with a given class are implemented by the
2704      * defining {@linkplain ClassLoader class loader} of the class.  This method
2705      * delegates to this object's class loader. If this object was loaded by
2706      * the bootstrap class loader, the method delegates to {@link
2707      * ClassLoader#getSystemResource}.
2708      *
2709      * <p> Before delegation, an absolute resource name is constructed from the
2710      * given resource name using this algorithm:
2711      *
2712      * <ul>
2713      *
2714      * <li> If the {@code name} begins with a {@code '/'}
2715      * (<code>'\u002f'</code>), then the absolute name of the resource is the
2716      * portion of the {@code name} following the {@code '/'}.
2717      *
2718      * <li> Otherwise, the absolute name is of the following form:
2719      *
2720      * <blockquote>
2721      *   {@code modified_package_name/name}
2722      * </blockquote>
2723      *
2724      * <p> Where the {@code modified_package_name} is the package name of this
2725      * object with {@code '/'} substituted for {@code '.'}
2726      * (<code>'\u002e'</code>).
2727      *
2728      * </ul>
2729      *
2730      * @param  name name of the desired resource
2731      * @return A {@link java.net.URL} object; {@code null} if no resource with
2732      *         this name is found, the resource cannot be located by a URL, the
2733      *         resource is in a package that is not
2734      *         {@link Module#isOpen(String, Module) open} to at least the caller
2735      *         module, or access to the resource is denied by the security
2736      *         manager.
2737      * @throws NullPointerException If {@code name} is {@code null}
2738      * @since  1.1
2739      * @revised 9
2740      * @spec JPMS
2741      */
2742     @CallerSensitive
2743     public URL getResource(String name) {
2744         name = resolveName(name);
2745 
2746         Module thisModule = getModule();
2747         if (thisModule.isNamed()) {
2748             // check if resource can be located by caller
2749             if (Resources.canEncapsulate(name)
2750                 && !isOpenToCaller(name, Reflection.getCallerClass())) {
2751                 return null;
2752             }
2753 
2754             // resource not encapsulated or in package open to caller
2755             String mn = thisModule.getName();
2756             ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2757             try {
2758                 if (cl == null) {
2759                     return BootLoader.findResource(mn, name);
2760                 } else {
2761                     return cl.findResource(mn, name);
2762                 }
2763             } catch (IOException ioe) {
2764                 return null;
2765             }
2766         }
2767 
2768         // unnamed module
2769         ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2770         if (cl == null) {
2771             return ClassLoader.getSystemResource(name);
2772         } else {
2773             return cl.getResource(name);
2774         }
2775     }
2776 
2777     /**
2778      * Returns true if a resource with the given name can be located by the
2779      * given caller. All resources in a module can be located by code in
2780      * the module. For other callers, then the package needs to be open to
2781      * the caller.
2782      */
2783     private boolean isOpenToCaller(String name, Class<?> caller) {
2784         // assert getModule().isNamed();
2785         Module thisModule = getModule();
2786         Module callerModule = (caller != null) ? caller.getModule() : null;
2787         if (callerModule != thisModule) {
2788             String pn = Resources.toPackageName(name);
2789             if (thisModule.getDescriptor().packages().contains(pn)) {
2790                 if (callerModule == null && !thisModule.isOpen(pn)) {
2791                     // no caller, package not open
2792                     return false;
2793                 }
2794                 if (!thisModule.isOpen(pn, callerModule)) {
2795                     // package not open to caller
2796                     return false;
2797                 }
2798             }
2799         }
2800         return true;
2801     }
2802 
2803 
2804     /** protection domain returned when the internal domain is null */
2805     private static java.security.ProtectionDomain allPermDomain;
2806 
2807     /**
2808      * Returns the {@code ProtectionDomain} of this class.  If there is a
2809      * security manager installed, this method first calls the security
2810      * manager's {@code checkPermission} method with a
2811      * {@code RuntimePermission("getProtectionDomain")} permission to
2812      * ensure it's ok to get the
2813      * {@code ProtectionDomain}.
2814      *
2815      * @return the ProtectionDomain of this class
2816      *
2817      * @throws SecurityException
2818      *        if a security manager exists and its
2819      *        {@code checkPermission} method doesn't allow
2820      *        getting the ProtectionDomain.
2821      *
2822      * @see java.security.ProtectionDomain
2823      * @see SecurityManager#checkPermission
2824      * @see java.lang.RuntimePermission
2825      * @since 1.2
2826      */
2827     public java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain() {
2828         SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
2829         if (sm != null) {
2830             sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.GET_PD_PERMISSION);
2831         }
2832         java.security.ProtectionDomain pd = getProtectionDomain0();
2833         if (pd == null) {
2834             if (allPermDomain == null) {
2835                 java.security.Permissions perms =
2836                     new java.security.Permissions();
2837                 perms.add(SecurityConstants.ALL_PERMISSION);
2838                 allPermDomain =
2839                     new java.security.ProtectionDomain(null, perms);
2840             }
2841             pd = allPermDomain;
2842         }
2843         return pd;
2844     }
2845 
2846 
2847     /**
2848      * Returns the ProtectionDomain of this class.
2849      */
2850     private native java.security.ProtectionDomain getProtectionDomain0();
2851 
2852     /*
2853      * Return the Virtual Machine's Class object for the named
2854      * primitive type.
2855      */
2856     static native Class<?> getPrimitiveClass(String name);
2857 
2858     /*
2859      * Check if client is allowed to access members.  If access is denied,
2860      * throw a SecurityException.
2861      *
2862      * This method also enforces package access.
2863      *
2864      * <p> Default policy: allow all clients access with normal Java access
2865      * control.
2866      *
2867      * <p> NOTE: should only be called if a SecurityManager is installed
2868      */
2869     private void checkMemberAccess(SecurityManager sm, int which,
2870                                    Class<?> caller, boolean checkProxyInterfaces) {
2871         /* Default policy allows access to all {@link Member#PUBLIC} members,
2872          * as well as access to classes that have the same class loader as the caller.
2873          * In all other cases, it requires RuntimePermission("accessDeclaredMembers")
2874          * permission.
2875          */
2876         final ClassLoader ccl = ClassLoader.getClassLoader(caller);
2877         if (which != Member.PUBLIC) {
2878             final ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2879             if (ccl != cl) {
2880                 sm.checkPermission(SecurityConstants.CHECK_MEMBER_ACCESS_PERMISSION);
2881             }
2882         }
2883         this.checkPackageAccess(sm, ccl, checkProxyInterfaces);
2884     }
2885 
2886     /*
2887      * Checks if a client loaded in ClassLoader ccl is allowed to access this
2888      * class under the current package access policy. If access is denied,
2889      * throw a SecurityException.
2890      *
2891      * NOTE: this method should only be called if a SecurityManager is active
2892      */
2893     private void checkPackageAccess(SecurityManager sm, final ClassLoader ccl,
2894                                     boolean checkProxyInterfaces) {
2895         final ClassLoader cl = getClassLoader0();
2896 
2897         if (ReflectUtil.needsPackageAccessCheck(ccl, cl)) {
2898             String pkg = this.getPackageName();
2899             if (pkg != null && !pkg.isEmpty()) {
2900                 // skip the package access check on a proxy class in default proxy package
2901                 if (!Proxy.isProxyClass(this) || ReflectUtil.isNonPublicProxyClass(this)) {
2902                     sm.checkPackageAccess(pkg);
2903                 }
2904             }
2905         }
2906         // check package access on the proxy interfaces
2907         if (checkProxyInterfaces && Proxy.isProxyClass(this)) {
2908             ReflectUtil.checkProxyPackageAccess(ccl, this.getInterfaces());
2909         }
2910     }
2911 
2912     /**
2913      * Add a package name prefix if the name is not absolute Remove leading "/"
2914      * if name is absolute
2915      */
2916     private String resolveName(String name) {
2917         if (!name.startsWith("/")) {
2918             Class<?> c = this;
2919             while (c.isArray()) {
2920                 c = c.getComponentType();
2921             }
2922             String baseName = c.getPackageName();
2923             if (baseName != null && !baseName.isEmpty()) {
2924                 name = baseName.replace('.', '/') + "/" + name;
2925             }
2926         } else {
2927             name = name.substring(1);
2928         }
2929         return name;
2930     }
2931 
2932     /**
2933      * Atomic operations support.
2934      */
2935     private static class Atomic {
2936         // initialize Unsafe machinery here, since we need to call Class.class instance method
2937         // and have to avoid calling it in the static initializer of the Class class...
2938         private static final Unsafe unsafe = Unsafe.getUnsafe();
2939         // offset of Class.reflectionData instance field
2940         private static final long reflectionDataOffset;
2941         // offset of Class.annotationType instance field
2942         private static final long annotationTypeOffset;
2943         // offset of Class.annotationData instance field
2944         private static final long annotationDataOffset;
2945 
2946         static {
2947             Field[] fields = Class.class.getDeclaredFields0(false); // bypass caches
2948             reflectionDataOffset = objectFieldOffset(fields, "reflectionData");
2949             annotationTypeOffset = objectFieldOffset(fields, "annotationType");
2950             annotationDataOffset = objectFieldOffset(fields, "annotationData");
2951         }
2952 
2953         private static long objectFieldOffset(Field[] fields, String fieldName) {
2954             Field field = searchFields(fields, fieldName);
2955             if (field == null) {
2956                 throw new Error("No " + fieldName + " field found in java.lang.Class");
2957             }
2958             return unsafe.objectFieldOffset(field);
2959         }
2960 
2961         static <T> boolean casReflectionData(Class<?> clazz,
2962                                              SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> oldData,
2963                                              SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> newData) {
2964             return unsafe.compareAndSetObject(clazz, reflectionDataOffset, oldData, newData);
2965         }
2966 
2967         static <T> boolean casAnnotationType(Class<?> clazz,
2968                                              AnnotationType oldType,
2969                                              AnnotationType newType) {
2970             return unsafe.compareAndSetObject(clazz, annotationTypeOffset, oldType, newType);
2971         }
2972 
2973         static <T> boolean casAnnotationData(Class<?> clazz,
2974                                              AnnotationData oldData,
2975                                              AnnotationData newData) {
2976             return unsafe.compareAndSetObject(clazz, annotationDataOffset, oldData, newData);
2977         }
2978     }
2979 
2980     /**
2981      * Reflection support.
2982      */
2983 
2984     // reflection data that might get invalidated when JVM TI RedefineClasses() is called
2985     private static class ReflectionData<T> {
2986         volatile Field[] declaredFields;
2987         volatile Field[] publicFields;
2988         volatile Method[] declaredMethods;
2989         volatile Method[] publicMethods;
2990         volatile Constructor<T>[] declaredConstructors;
2991         volatile Constructor<T>[] publicConstructors;
2992         // Intermediate results for getFields and getMethods
2993         volatile Field[] declaredPublicFields;
2994         volatile Method[] declaredPublicMethods;
2995         volatile Class<?>[] interfaces;
2996 
2997         // Value of classRedefinedCount when we created this ReflectionData instance
2998         final int redefinedCount;
2999 
3000         ReflectionData(int redefinedCount) {
3001             this.redefinedCount = redefinedCount;
3002         }
3003     }
3004 
3005     private transient volatile SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> reflectionData;
3006 
3007     // Incremented by the VM on each call to JVM TI RedefineClasses()
3008     // that redefines this class or a superclass.
3009     private transient volatile int classRedefinedCount;
3010 
3011     // Lazily create and cache ReflectionData
3012     private ReflectionData<T> reflectionData() {
3013         SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> reflectionData = this.reflectionData;
3014         int classRedefinedCount = this.classRedefinedCount;
3015         ReflectionData<T> rd;
3016         if (reflectionData != null &&
3017             (rd = reflectionData.get()) != null &&
3018             rd.redefinedCount == classRedefinedCount) {
3019             return rd;
3020         }
3021         // else no SoftReference or cleared SoftReference or stale ReflectionData
3022         // -> create and replace new instance
3023         return newReflectionData(reflectionData, classRedefinedCount);
3024     }
3025 
3026     private ReflectionData<T> newReflectionData(SoftReference<ReflectionData<T>> oldReflectionData,
3027                                                 int classRedefinedCount) {
3028         while (true) {
3029             ReflectionData<T> rd = new ReflectionData<>(classRedefinedCount);
3030             // try to CAS it...
3031             if (Atomic.casReflectionData(this, oldReflectionData, new SoftReference<>(rd))) {
3032                 return rd;
3033             }
3034             // else retry
3035             oldReflectionData = this.reflectionData;
3036             classRedefinedCount = this.classRedefinedCount;
3037             if (oldReflectionData != null &&
3038                 (rd = oldReflectionData.get()) != null &&
3039                 rd.redefinedCount == classRedefinedCount) {
3040                 return rd;
3041             }
3042         }
3043     }
3044 
3045     // Generic signature handling
3046     private native String getGenericSignature0();
3047 
3048     // Generic info repository; lazily initialized
3049     private transient volatile ClassRepository genericInfo;
3050 
3051     // accessor for factory
3052     private GenericsFactory getFactory() {
3053         // create scope and factory
3054         return CoreReflectionFactory.make(this, ClassScope.make(this));
3055     }
3056 
3057     // accessor for generic info repository;
3058     // generic info is lazily initialized
3059     private ClassRepository getGenericInfo() {
3060         ClassRepository genericInfo = this.genericInfo;
3061         if (genericInfo == null) {
3062             String signature = getGenericSignature0();
3063             if (signature == null) {
3064                 genericInfo = ClassRepository.NONE;
3065             } else {
3066                 genericInfo = ClassRepository.make(signature, getFactory());
3067             }
3068             this.genericInfo = genericInfo;
3069         }
3070         return (genericInfo != ClassRepository.NONE) ? genericInfo : null;
3071     }
3072 
3073     // Annotations handling
3074     native byte[] getRawAnnotations();
3075     // Since 1.8
3076     native byte[] getRawTypeAnnotations();
3077     static byte[] getExecutableTypeAnnotationBytes(Executable ex) {
3078         return getReflectionFactory().getExecutableTypeAnnotationBytes(ex);
3079     }
3080 
3081     native ConstantPool getConstantPool();
3082 
3083     //
3084     //
3085     // java.lang.reflect.Field handling
3086     //
3087     //
3088 
3089     // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT
3090     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3091     // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
3092     private Field[] privateGetDeclaredFields(boolean publicOnly) {
3093         Field[] res;
3094         ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
3095         if (rd != null) {
3096             res = publicOnly ? rd.declaredPublicFields : rd.declaredFields;
3097             if (res != null) return res;
3098         }
3099         // No cached value available; request value from VM
3100         res = Reflection.filterFields(this, getDeclaredFields0(publicOnly));
3101         if (rd != null) {
3102             if (publicOnly) {
3103                 rd.declaredPublicFields = res;
3104             } else {
3105                 rd.declaredFields = res;
3106             }
3107         }
3108         return res;
3109     }
3110 
3111     // Returns an array of "root" fields. These Field objects must NOT
3112     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3113     // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
3114     private Field[] privateGetPublicFields(Set<Class<?>> traversedInterfaces) {
3115         Field[] res;
3116         ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
3117         if (rd != null) {
3118             res = rd.publicFields;
3119             if (res != null) return res;
3120         }
3121 
3122         // No cached value available; compute value recursively.
3123         // Traverse in correct order for getField().
3124         List<Field> fields = new ArrayList<>();
3125         if (traversedInterfaces == null) {
3126             traversedInterfaces = new HashSet<>();
3127         }
3128 
3129         // Local fields
3130         Field[] tmp = privateGetDeclaredFields(true);
3131         addAll(fields, tmp);
3132 
3133         // Direct superinterfaces, recursively
3134         for (Class<?> c : getInterfaces()) {
3135             if (!traversedInterfaces.contains(c)) {
3136                 traversedInterfaces.add(c);
3137                 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));
3138             }
3139         }
3140 
3141         // Direct superclass, recursively
3142         if (!isInterface()) {
3143             Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
3144             if (c != null) {
3145                 addAll(fields, c.privateGetPublicFields(traversedInterfaces));
3146             }
3147         }
3148 
3149         res = new Field[fields.size()];
3150         fields.toArray(res);
3151         if (rd != null) {
3152             rd.publicFields = res;
3153         }
3154         return res;
3155     }
3156 
3157     private static void addAll(Collection<Field> c, Field[] o) {
3158         for (Field f : o) {
3159             c.add(f);
3160         }
3161     }
3162 
3163 
3164     //
3165     //
3166     // java.lang.reflect.Constructor handling
3167     //
3168     //
3169 
3170     // Returns an array of "root" constructors. These Constructor
3171     // objects must NOT be propagated to the outside world, but must
3172     // instead be copied via ReflectionFactory.copyConstructor.
3173     private Constructor<T>[] privateGetDeclaredConstructors(boolean publicOnly) {
3174         Constructor<T>[] res;
3175         ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
3176         if (rd != null) {
3177             res = publicOnly ? rd.publicConstructors : rd.declaredConstructors;
3178             if (res != null) return res;
3179         }
3180         // No cached value available; request value from VM
3181         if (isInterface()) {
3182             @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3183             Constructor<T>[] temporaryRes = (Constructor<T>[]) new Constructor<?>[0];
3184             res = temporaryRes;
3185         } else {
3186             res = getDeclaredConstructors0(publicOnly);
3187         }
3188         if (rd != null) {
3189             if (publicOnly) {
3190                 rd.publicConstructors = res;
3191             } else {
3192                 rd.declaredConstructors = res;
3193             }
3194         }
3195         return res;
3196     }
3197 
3198     //
3199     //
3200     // java.lang.reflect.Method handling
3201     //
3202     //
3203 
3204     // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT
3205     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3206     // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
3207     private Method[] privateGetDeclaredMethods(boolean publicOnly) {
3208         Method[] res;
3209         ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
3210         if (rd != null) {
3211             res = publicOnly ? rd.declaredPublicMethods : rd.declaredMethods;
3212             if (res != null) return res;
3213         }
3214         // No cached value available; request value from VM
3215         res = Reflection.filterMethods(this, getDeclaredMethods0(publicOnly));
3216         if (rd != null) {
3217             if (publicOnly) {
3218                 rd.declaredPublicMethods = res;
3219             } else {
3220                 rd.declaredMethods = res;
3221             }
3222         }
3223         return res;
3224     }
3225 
3226     // Returns an array of "root" methods. These Method objects must NOT
3227     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3228     // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
3229     private Method[] privateGetPublicMethods() {
3230         Method[] res;
3231         ReflectionData<T> rd = reflectionData();
3232         if (rd != null) {
3233             res = rd.publicMethods;
3234             if (res != null) return res;
3235         }
3236 
3237         // No cached value available; compute value recursively.
3238         // Start by fetching public declared methods...
3239         PublicMethods pms = new PublicMethods();
3240         for (Method m : privateGetDeclaredMethods(/* publicOnly */ true)) {
3241             pms.merge(m);
3242         }
3243         // ...then recur over superclass methods...
3244         Class<?> sc = getSuperclass();
3245         if (sc != null) {
3246             for (Method m : sc.privateGetPublicMethods()) {
3247                 pms.merge(m);
3248             }
3249         }
3250         // ...and finally over direct superinterfaces.
3251         for (Class<?> intf : getInterfaces(/* cloneArray */ false)) {
3252             for (Method m : intf.privateGetPublicMethods()) {
3253                 // static interface methods are not inherited
3254                 if (!Modifier.isStatic(m.getModifiers())) {
3255                     pms.merge(m);
3256                 }
3257             }
3258         }
3259 
3260         res = pms.toArray();
3261         if (rd != null) {
3262             rd.publicMethods = res;
3263         }
3264         return res;
3265     }
3266 
3267 
3268     //
3269     // Helpers for fetchers of one field, method, or constructor
3270     //
3271 
3272     // This method does not copy the returned Field object!
3273     private static Field searchFields(Field[] fields, String name) {
3274         for (Field field : fields) {
3275             if (field.getName().equals(name)) {
3276                 return field;
3277             }
3278         }
3279         return null;
3280     }
3281 
3282     // Returns a "root" Field object. This Field object must NOT
3283     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3284     // via ReflectionFactory.copyField.
3285     private Field getField0(String name) {
3286         // Note: the intent is that the search algorithm this routine
3287         // uses be equivalent to the ordering imposed by
3288         // privateGetPublicFields(). It fetches only the declared
3289         // public fields for each class, however, to reduce the number
3290         // of Field objects which have to be created for the common
3291         // case where the field being requested is declared in the
3292         // class which is being queried.
3293         Field res;
3294         // Search declared public fields
3295         if ((res = searchFields(privateGetDeclaredFields(true), name)) != null) {
3296             return res;
3297         }
3298         // Direct superinterfaces, recursively
3299         Class<?>[] interfaces = getInterfaces(/* cloneArray */ false);
3300         for (Class<?> c : interfaces) {
3301             if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {
3302                 return res;
3303             }
3304         }
3305         // Direct superclass, recursively
3306         if (!isInterface()) {
3307             Class<?> c = getSuperclass();
3308             if (c != null) {
3309                 if ((res = c.getField0(name)) != null) {
3310                     return res;
3311                 }
3312             }
3313         }
3314         return null;
3315     }
3316 
3317     // This method does not copy the returned Method object!
3318     private static Method searchMethods(Method[] methods,
3319                                         String name,
3320                                         Class<?>[] parameterTypes)
3321     {
3322         ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
3323         Method res = null;
3324         for (Method m : methods) {
3325             if (m.getName().equals(name)
3326                 && arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes,
3327                                    fact.getExecutableSharedParameterTypes(m))
3328                 && (res == null
3329                     || (res.getReturnType() != m.getReturnType()
3330                         && res.getReturnType().isAssignableFrom(m.getReturnType()))))
3331                 res = m;
3332         }
3333         return res;
3334     }
3335 
3336     private static final Class<?>[] EMPTY_CLASS_ARRAY = new Class<?>[0];
3337 
3338     // Returns a "root" Method object. This Method object must NOT
3339     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3340     // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
3341     private Method getMethod0(String name, Class<?>[] parameterTypes) {
3342         PublicMethods.MethodList res = getMethodsRecursive(
3343             name,
3344             parameterTypes == null ? EMPTY_CLASS_ARRAY : parameterTypes,
3345             /* includeStatic */ true);
3346         return res == null ? null : res.getMostSpecific();
3347     }
3348 
3349     // Returns a list of "root" Method objects. These Method objects must NOT
3350     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3351     // via ReflectionFactory.copyMethod.
3352     private PublicMethods.MethodList getMethodsRecursive(String name,
3353                                                          Class<?>[] parameterTypes,
3354                                                          boolean includeStatic) {
3355         // 1st check declared public methods
3356         Method[] methods = privateGetDeclaredMethods(/* publicOnly */ true);
3357         PublicMethods.MethodList res = PublicMethods.MethodList
3358             .filter(methods, name, parameterTypes, includeStatic);
3359         // if there is at least one match among declared methods, we need not
3360         // search any further as such match surely overrides matching methods
3361         // declared in superclass(es) or interface(s).
3362         if (res != null) {
3363             return res;
3364         }
3365 
3366         // if there was no match among declared methods,
3367         // we must consult the superclass (if any) recursively...
3368         Class<?> sc = getSuperclass();
3369         if (sc != null) {
3370             res = sc.getMethodsRecursive(name, parameterTypes, includeStatic);
3371         }
3372 
3373         // ...and coalesce the superclass methods with methods obtained
3374         // from directly implemented interfaces excluding static methods...
3375         for (Class<?> intf : getInterfaces(/* cloneArray */ false)) {
3376             res = PublicMethods.MethodList.merge(
3377                 res, intf.getMethodsRecursive(name, parameterTypes,
3378                                               /* includeStatic */ false));
3379         }
3380 
3381         return res;
3382     }
3383 
3384     // Returns a "root" Constructor object. This Constructor object must NOT
3385     // be propagated to the outside world, but must instead be copied
3386     // via ReflectionFactory.copyConstructor.
3387     private Constructor<T> getConstructor0(Class<?>[] parameterTypes,
3388                                         int which) throws NoSuchMethodException
3389     {
3390         ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
3391         Constructor<T>[] constructors = privateGetDeclaredConstructors((which == Member.PUBLIC));
3392         for (Constructor<T> constructor : constructors) {
3393             if (arrayContentsEq(parameterTypes,
3394                                 fact.getExecutableSharedParameterTypes(constructor))) {
3395                 return constructor;
3396             }
3397         }
3398         throw new NoSuchMethodException(methodToString("<init>", parameterTypes));
3399     }
3400 
3401     //
3402     // Other helpers and base implementation
3403     //
3404 
3405     private static boolean arrayContentsEq(Object[] a1, Object[] a2) {
3406         if (a1 == null) {
3407             return a2 == null || a2.length == 0;
3408         }
3409 
3410         if (a2 == null) {
3411             return a1.length == 0;
3412         }
3413 
3414         if (a1.length != a2.length) {
3415             return false;
3416         }
3417 
3418         for (int i = 0; i < a1.length; i++) {
3419             if (a1[i] != a2[i]) {
3420                 return false;
3421             }
3422         }
3423 
3424         return true;
3425     }
3426 
3427     private static Field[] copyFields(Field[] arg) {
3428         Field[] out = new Field[arg.length];
3429         ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
3430         for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
3431             out[i] = fact.copyField(arg[i]);
3432         }
3433         return out;
3434     }
3435 
3436     private static Method[] copyMethods(Method[] arg) {
3437         Method[] out = new Method[arg.length];
3438         ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
3439         for (int i = 0; i < arg.length; i++) {
3440             out[i] = fact.copyMethod(arg[i]);
3441         }
3442         return out;
3443     }
3444 
3445     private static <U> Constructor<U>[] copyConstructors(Constructor<U>[] arg) {
3446         Constructor<U>[] out = arg.clone();
3447         ReflectionFactory fact = getReflectionFactory();
3448         for (int i = 0; i < out.length; i++) {
3449             out[i] = fact.copyConstructor(out[i]);
3450         }
3451         return out;
3452     }
3453 
3454     private native Field[]       getDeclaredFields0(boolean publicOnly);
3455     private native Method[]      getDeclaredMethods0(boolean publicOnly);
3456     private native Constructor<T>[] getDeclaredConstructors0(boolean publicOnly);
3457     private native Class<?>[]   getDeclaredClasses0();
3458 
3459     /**
3460      * Helper method to get the method name from arguments.
3461      */
3462     private String methodToString(String name, Class<?>[] argTypes) {
3463         StringJoiner sj = new StringJoiner(", ", getName() + "." + name + "(", ")");
3464         if (argTypes != null) {
3465             for (int i = 0; i < argTypes.length; i++) {
3466                 Class<?> c = argTypes[i];
3467                 sj.add((c == null) ? "null" : c.getName());
3468             }
3469         }
3470         return sj.toString();
3471     }
3472 
3473     /** use serialVersionUID from JDK 1.1 for interoperability */
3474     private static final long serialVersionUID = 3206093459760846163L;
3475 
3476 
3477     /**
3478      * Class Class is special cased within the Serialization Stream Protocol.
3479      *
3480      * A Class instance is written initially into an ObjectOutputStream in the
3481      * following format:
3482      * <pre>
3483      *      {@code TC_CLASS} ClassDescriptor
3484      *      A ClassDescriptor is a special cased serialization of
3485      *      a {@code java.io.ObjectStreamClass} instance.
3486      * </pre>
3487      * A new handle is generated for the initial time the class descriptor
3488      * is written into the stream. Future references to the class descriptor
3489      * are written as references to the initial class descriptor instance.
3490      *
3491      * @see java.io.ObjectStreamClass
3492      */
3493     private static final ObjectStreamField[] serialPersistentFields =
3494         new ObjectStreamField[0];
3495 
3496 
3497     /**
3498      * Returns the assertion status that would be assigned to this
3499      * class if it were to be initialized at the time this method is invoked.
3500      * If this class has had its assertion status set, the most recent
3501      * setting will be returned; otherwise, if any package default assertion
3502      * status pertains to this class, the most recent setting for the most
3503      * specific pertinent package default assertion status is returned;
3504      * otherwise, if this class is not a system class (i.e., it has a
3505      * class loader) its class loader's default assertion status is returned;
3506      * otherwise, the system class default assertion status is returned.
3507      * <p>
3508      * Few programmers will have any need for this method; it is provided
3509      * for the benefit of the JRE itself.  (It allows a class to determine at
3510      * the time that it is initialized whether assertions should be enabled.)
3511      * Note that this method is not guaranteed to return the actual
3512      * assertion status that was (or will be) associated with the specified
3513      * class when it was (or will be) initialized.
3514      *
3515      * @return the desired assertion status of the specified class.
3516      * @see    java.lang.ClassLoader#setClassAssertionStatus
3517      * @see    java.lang.ClassLoader#setPackageAssertionStatus
3518      * @see    java.lang.ClassLoader#setDefaultAssertionStatus
3519      * @since  1.4
3520      */
3521     public boolean desiredAssertionStatus() {
3522         ClassLoader loader = getClassLoader0();
3523         // If the loader is null this is a system class, so ask the VM
3524         if (loader == null)
3525             return desiredAssertionStatus0(this);
3526 
3527         // If the classloader has been initialized with the assertion
3528         // directives, ask it. Otherwise, ask the VM.
3529         synchronized(loader.assertionLock) {
3530             if (loader.classAssertionStatus != null) {
3531                 return loader.desiredAssertionStatus(getName());
3532             }
3533         }
3534         return desiredAssertionStatus0(this);
3535     }
3536 
3537     // Retrieves the desired assertion status of this class from the VM
3538     private static native boolean desiredAssertionStatus0(Class<?> clazz);
3539 
3540     /**
3541      * Returns true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
3542      * source code.
3543      *
3544      * @return true if and only if this class was declared as an enum in the
3545      *     source code
3546      * @since 1.5
3547      */
3548     public boolean isEnum() {
3549         // An enum must both directly extend java.lang.Enum and have
3550         // the ENUM bit set; classes for specialized enum constants
3551         // don't do the former.
3552         return (this.getModifiers() & ENUM) != 0 &&
3553         this.getSuperclass() == java.lang.Enum.class;
3554     }
3555 
3556     // Fetches the factory for reflective objects
3557     private static ReflectionFactory getReflectionFactory() {
3558         if (reflectionFactory == null) {
3559             reflectionFactory =
3560                 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged
3561                     (new ReflectionFactory.GetReflectionFactoryAction());
3562         }
3563         return reflectionFactory;
3564     }
3565     private static ReflectionFactory reflectionFactory;
3566 
3567     /**
3568      * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this
3569      * Class object does not represent an enum type.
3570      *
3571      * @return an array containing the values comprising the enum class
3572      *     represented by this Class object in the order they're
3573      *     declared, or null if this Class object does not
3574      *     represent an enum type
3575      * @since 1.5
3576      */
3577     public T[] getEnumConstants() {
3578         T[] values = getEnumConstantsShared();
3579         return (values != null) ? values.clone() : null;
3580     }
3581 
3582     /**
3583      * Returns the elements of this enum class or null if this
3584      * Class object does not represent an enum type;
3585      * identical to getEnumConstants except that the result is
3586      * uncloned, cached, and shared by all callers.
3587      */
3588     T[] getEnumConstantsShared() {
3589         T[] constants = enumConstants;
3590         if (constants == null) {
3591             if (!isEnum()) return null;
3592             try {
3593                 final Method values = getMethod("values");
3594                 java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
3595                     new java.security.PrivilegedAction<>() {
3596                         public Void run() {
3597                                 values.setAccessible(true);
3598                                 return null;
3599                             }
3600                         });
3601                 @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3602                 T[] temporaryConstants = (T[])values.invoke(null);
3603                 enumConstants = constants = temporaryConstants;
3604             }
3605             // These can happen when users concoct enum-like classes
3606             // that don't comply with the enum spec.
3607             catch (InvocationTargetException | NoSuchMethodException |
3608                    IllegalAccessException ex) { return null; }
3609         }
3610         return constants;
3611     }
3612     private transient volatile T[] enumConstants;
3613 
3614     /**
3615      * Returns a map from simple name to enum constant.  This package-private
3616      * method is used internally by Enum to implement
3617      * {@code public static <T extends Enum<T>> T valueOf(Class<T>, String)}
3618      * efficiently.  Note that the map is returned by this method is
3619      * created lazily on first use.  Typically it won't ever get created.
3620      */
3621     Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory() {
3622         Map<String, T> directory = enumConstantDirectory;
3623         if (directory == null) {
3624             T[] universe = getEnumConstantsShared();
3625             if (universe == null)
3626                 throw new IllegalArgumentException(
3627                     getName() + " is not an enum type");
3628             directory = new HashMap<>(2 * universe.length);
3629             for (T constant : universe) {
3630                 directory.put(((Enum<?>)constant).name(), constant);
3631             }
3632             enumConstantDirectory = directory;
3633         }
3634         return directory;
3635     }
3636     private transient volatile Map<String, T> enumConstantDirectory;
3637 
3638     /**
3639      * Casts an object to the class or interface represented
3640      * by this {@code Class} object.
3641      *
3642      * @param obj the object to be cast
3643      * @return the object after casting, or null if obj is null
3644      *
3645      * @throws ClassCastException if the object is not
3646      * null and is not assignable to the type T.
3647      *
3648      * @since 1.5
3649      */
3650     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3651     @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate
3652     public T cast(Object obj) {
3653         if (obj != null && !isInstance(obj))
3654             throw new ClassCastException(cannotCastMsg(obj));
3655         return (T) obj;
3656     }
3657 
3658     private String cannotCastMsg(Object obj) {
3659         return "Cannot cast " + obj.getClass().getName() + " to " + getName();
3660     }
3661 
3662     /**
3663      * Casts this {@code Class} object to represent a subclass of the class
3664      * represented by the specified class object.  Checks that the cast
3665      * is valid, and throws a {@code ClassCastException} if it is not.  If
3666      * this method succeeds, it always returns a reference to this class object.
3667      *
3668      * <p>This method is useful when a client needs to "narrow" the type of
3669      * a {@code Class} object to pass it to an API that restricts the
3670      * {@code Class} objects that it is willing to accept.  A cast would
3671      * generate a compile-time warning, as the correctness of the cast
3672      * could not be checked at runtime (because generic types are implemented
3673      * by erasure).
3674      *
3675      * @param <U> the type to cast this class object to
3676      * @param clazz the class of the type to cast this class object to
3677      * @return this {@code Class} object, cast to represent a subclass of
3678      *    the specified class object.
3679      * @throws ClassCastException if this {@code Class} object does not
3680      *    represent a subclass of the specified class (here "subclass" includes
3681      *    the class itself).
3682      * @since 1.5
3683      */
3684     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3685     public <U> Class<? extends U> asSubclass(Class<U> clazz) {
3686         if (clazz.isAssignableFrom(this))
3687             return (Class<? extends U>) this;
3688         else
3689             throw new ClassCastException(this.toString());
3690     }
3691 
3692     /**
3693      * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3694      * @since 1.5
3695      */
3696     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3697     public <A extends Annotation> A getAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3698         Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass);
3699 
3700         return (A) annotationData().annotations.get(annotationClass);
3701     }
3702 
3703     /**
3704      * {@inheritDoc}
3705      * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3706      * @since 1.5
3707      */
3708     @Override
3709     public boolean isAnnotationPresent(Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass) {
3710         return GenericDeclaration.super.isAnnotationPresent(annotationClass);
3711     }
3712 
3713     /**
3714      * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3715      * @since 1.8
3716      */
3717     @Override
3718     public <A extends Annotation> A[] getAnnotationsByType(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3719         Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass);
3720 
3721         AnnotationData annotationData = annotationData();
3722         return AnnotationSupport.getAssociatedAnnotations(annotationData.declaredAnnotations,
3723                                                           this,
3724                                                           annotationClass);
3725     }
3726 
3727     /**
3728      * @since 1.5
3729      */
3730     public Annotation[] getAnnotations() {
3731         return AnnotationParser.toArray(annotationData().annotations);
3732     }
3733 
3734     /**
3735      * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3736      * @since 1.8
3737      */
3738     @Override
3739     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
3740     public <A extends Annotation> A getDeclaredAnnotation(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3741         Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass);
3742 
3743         return (A) annotationData().declaredAnnotations.get(annotationClass);
3744     }
3745 
3746     /**
3747      * @throws NullPointerException {@inheritDoc}
3748      * @since 1.8
3749      */
3750     @Override
3751     public <A extends Annotation> A[] getDeclaredAnnotationsByType(Class<A> annotationClass) {
3752         Objects.requireNonNull(annotationClass);
3753 
3754         return AnnotationSupport.getDirectlyAndIndirectlyPresent(annotationData().declaredAnnotations,
3755                                                                  annotationClass);
3756     }
3757 
3758     /**
3759      * @since 1.5
3760      */
3761     public Annotation[] getDeclaredAnnotations()  {
3762         return AnnotationParser.toArray(annotationData().declaredAnnotations);
3763     }
3764 
3765     // annotation data that might get invalidated when JVM TI RedefineClasses() is called
3766     private static class AnnotationData {
3767         final Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations;
3768         final Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declaredAnnotations;
3769 
3770         // Value of classRedefinedCount when we created this AnnotationData instance
3771         final int redefinedCount;
3772 
3773         AnnotationData(Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations,
3774                        Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declaredAnnotations,
3775                        int redefinedCount) {
3776             this.annotations = annotations;
3777             this.declaredAnnotations = declaredAnnotations;
3778             this.redefinedCount = redefinedCount;
3779         }
3780     }
3781 
3782     // Annotations cache
3783     @SuppressWarnings("UnusedDeclaration")
3784     private transient volatile AnnotationData annotationData;
3785 
3786     private AnnotationData annotationData() {
3787         while (true) { // retry loop
3788             AnnotationData annotationData = this.annotationData;
3789             int classRedefinedCount = this.classRedefinedCount;
3790             if (annotationData != null &&
3791                 annotationData.redefinedCount == classRedefinedCount) {
3792                 return annotationData;
3793             }
3794             // null or stale annotationData -> optimistically create new instance
3795             AnnotationData newAnnotationData = createAnnotationData(classRedefinedCount);
3796             // try to install it
3797             if (Atomic.casAnnotationData(this, annotationData, newAnnotationData)) {
3798                 // successfully installed new AnnotationData
3799                 return newAnnotationData;
3800             }
3801         }
3802     }
3803 
3804     private AnnotationData createAnnotationData(int classRedefinedCount) {
3805         Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> declaredAnnotations =
3806             AnnotationParser.parseAnnotations(getRawAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this);
3807         Class<?> superClass = getSuperclass();
3808         Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> annotations = null;
3809         if (superClass != null) {
3810             Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> superAnnotations =
3811                 superClass.annotationData().annotations;
3812             for (Map.Entry<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> e : superAnnotations.entrySet()) {
3813                 Class<? extends Annotation> annotationClass = e.getKey();
3814                 if (AnnotationType.getInstance(annotationClass).isInherited()) {
3815                     if (annotations == null) { // lazy construction
3816                         annotations = new LinkedHashMap<>((Math.max(
3817                                 declaredAnnotations.size(),
3818                                 Math.min(12, declaredAnnotations.size() + superAnnotations.size())
3819                             ) * 4 + 2) / 3
3820                         );
3821                     }
3822                     annotations.put(annotationClass, e.getValue());
3823                 }
3824             }
3825         }
3826         if (annotations == null) {
3827             // no inherited annotations -> share the Map with declaredAnnotations
3828             annotations = declaredAnnotations;
3829         } else {
3830             // at least one inherited annotation -> declared may override inherited
3831             annotations.putAll(declaredAnnotations);
3832         }
3833         return new AnnotationData(annotations, declaredAnnotations, classRedefinedCount);
3834     }
3835 
3836     // Annotation types cache their internal (AnnotationType) form
3837 
3838     @SuppressWarnings("UnusedDeclaration")
3839     private transient volatile AnnotationType annotationType;
3840 
3841     boolean casAnnotationType(AnnotationType oldType, AnnotationType newType) {
3842         return Atomic.casAnnotationType(this, oldType, newType);
3843     }
3844 
3845     AnnotationType getAnnotationType() {
3846         return annotationType;
3847     }
3848 
3849     Map<Class<? extends Annotation>, Annotation> getDeclaredAnnotationMap() {
3850         return annotationData().declaredAnnotations;
3851     }
3852 
3853     /* Backing store of user-defined values pertaining to this class.
3854      * Maintained by the ClassValue class.
3855      */
3856     transient ClassValue.ClassValueMap classValueMap;
3857 
3858     /**
3859      * Returns an {@code AnnotatedType} object that represents the use of a
3860      * type to specify the superclass of the entity represented by this {@code
3861      * Class} object. (The <em>use</em> of type Foo to specify the superclass
3862      * in '...  extends Foo' is distinct from the <em>declaration</em> of type
3863      * Foo.)
3864      *
3865      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a type whose declaration
3866      * does not explicitly indicate an annotated superclass, then the return
3867      * value is an {@code AnnotatedType} object representing an element with no
3868      * annotations.
3869      *
3870      * <p> If this {@code Class} represents either the {@code Object} class, an
3871      * interface type, an array type, a primitive type, or void, the return
3872      * value is {@code null}.
3873      *
3874      * @return an object representing the superclass
3875      * @since 1.8
3876      */
3877     public AnnotatedType getAnnotatedSuperclass() {
3878         if (this == Object.class ||
3879                 isInterface() ||
3880                 isArray() ||
3881                 isPrimitive() ||
3882                 this == Void.TYPE) {
3883             return null;
3884         }
3885 
3886         return TypeAnnotationParser.buildAnnotatedSuperclass(getRawTypeAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this);
3887     }
3888 
3889     /**
3890      * Returns an array of {@code AnnotatedType} objects that represent the use
3891      * of types to specify superinterfaces of the entity represented by this
3892      * {@code Class} object. (The <em>use</em> of type Foo to specify a
3893      * superinterface in '... implements Foo' is distinct from the
3894      * <em>declaration</em> of type Foo.)
3895      *
3896      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class, the return value is
3897      * an array containing objects representing the uses of interface types to
3898      * specify interfaces implemented by the class. The order of the objects in
3899      * the array corresponds to the order of the interface types used in the
3900      * 'implements' clause of the declaration of this {@code Class} object.
3901      *
3902      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents an interface, the return
3903      * value is an array containing objects representing the uses of interface
3904      * types to specify interfaces directly extended by the interface. The
3905      * order of the objects in the array corresponds to the order of the
3906      * interface types used in the 'extends' clause of the declaration of this
3907      * {@code Class} object.
3908      *
3909      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents a class or interface whose
3910      * declaration does not explicitly indicate any annotated superinterfaces,
3911      * the return value is an array of length 0.
3912      *
3913      * <p> If this {@code Class} object represents either the {@code Object}
3914      * class, an array type, a primitive type, or void, the return value is an
3915      * array of length 0.
3916      *
3917      * @return an array representing the superinterfaces
3918      * @since 1.8
3919      */
3920     public AnnotatedType[] getAnnotatedInterfaces() {
3921          return TypeAnnotationParser.buildAnnotatedInterfaces(getRawTypeAnnotations(), getConstantPool(), this);
3922     }
3923 }