1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 *
9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
13 * accompanied this code).
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
18 *
19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
21 * questions.
22 *
23 */
24
25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
26 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
27 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
28 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
29 #if INCLUDE_CDS
30 #include "classfile/sharedClassUtil.hpp"
31 #endif
32 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
33 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
34 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
35 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
36 #include "code/dependencies.hpp"
37 #include "gc_interface/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
38 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
39 #include "memory/cardTableModRefBS.hpp"
40 #include "memory/filemap.hpp"
41 #include "memory/gcLocker.inline.hpp"
42 #include "memory/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
43 #include "memory/genRemSet.hpp"
44 #include "memory/generation.hpp"
45 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
46 #include "memory/metaspaceShared.hpp"
47 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
48 #include "memory/space.hpp"
49 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
50 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
51 #include "oops/constantPool.hpp"
52 #include "oops/instanceClassLoaderKlass.hpp"
53 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
54 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
55 #include "oops/instanceRefKlass.hpp"
56 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
57 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
58 #include "prims/jvmtiRedefineClassesTrace.hpp"
59 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
60 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
61 #include "runtime/fprofiler.hpp"
62 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
63 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
64 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
65 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
66 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
67 #include "runtime/synchronizer.hpp"
68 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
69 #include "runtime/timer.hpp"
70 #include "runtime/vm_operations.hpp"
71 #include "services/memoryService.hpp"
72 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
73 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
74 #include "utilities/hashtable.inline.hpp"
75 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
76 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
77 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
78 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/cmsAdaptiveSizePolicy.hpp"
79 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/cmsCollectorPolicy.hpp"
80 #include "gc_implementation/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"
81 #include "gc_implementation/g1/g1CollectorPolicy_ext.hpp"
82 #include "gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/parallelScavengeHeap.hpp"
83 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
84
85 PRAGMA_FORMAT_MUTE_WARNINGS_FOR_GCC
86
87 // Known objects
88 Klass* Universe::_boolArrayKlassObj = NULL;
89 Klass* Universe::_byteArrayKlassObj = NULL;
90 Klass* Universe::_charArrayKlassObj = NULL;
91 Klass* Universe::_intArrayKlassObj = NULL;
92 Klass* Universe::_shortArrayKlassObj = NULL;
93 Klass* Universe::_longArrayKlassObj = NULL;
94 Klass* Universe::_singleArrayKlassObj = NULL;
95 Klass* Universe::_doubleArrayKlassObj = NULL;
96 Klass* Universe::_typeArrayKlassObjs[T_VOID+1] = { NULL /*, NULL...*/ };
97 Klass* Universe::_objectArrayKlassObj = NULL;
98 oop Universe::_int_mirror = NULL;
99 oop Universe::_float_mirror = NULL;
100 oop Universe::_double_mirror = NULL;
101 oop Universe::_byte_mirror = NULL;
102 oop Universe::_bool_mirror = NULL;
103 oop Universe::_char_mirror = NULL;
104 oop Universe::_long_mirror = NULL;
105 oop Universe::_short_mirror = NULL;
106 oop Universe::_void_mirror = NULL;
107 oop Universe::_mirrors[T_VOID+1] = { NULL /*, NULL...*/ };
108 oop Universe::_main_thread_group = NULL;
109 oop Universe::_system_thread_group = NULL;
110 objArrayOop Universe::_the_empty_class_klass_array = NULL;
111 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_array_interfaces_array = NULL;
112 oop Universe::_the_null_string = NULL;
113 oop Universe::_the_min_jint_string = NULL;
114 LatestMethodCache* Universe::_finalizer_register_cache = NULL;
115 LatestMethodCache* Universe::_loader_addClass_cache = NULL;
116 LatestMethodCache* Universe::_pd_implies_cache = NULL;
117 LatestMethodCache* Universe::_throw_illegal_access_error_cache = NULL;
118 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap = NULL;
119 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace = NULL;
120 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace = NULL;
121 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size = NULL;
122 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit = NULL;
123 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects = NULL;
124 objArrayOop Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = NULL;
125 volatile jint Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = 0;
126 bool Universe::_verify_in_progress = false;
127 long Universe::verify_flags = Universe::Verify_All;
128 oop Universe::_null_ptr_exception_instance = NULL;
129 oop Universe::_arithmetic_exception_instance = NULL;
130 oop Universe::_virtual_machine_error_instance = NULL;
131 oop Universe::_vm_exception = NULL;
132 oop Universe::_allocation_context_notification_obj = NULL;
133
134 Array<int>* Universe::_the_empty_int_array = NULL;
135 Array<u2>* Universe::_the_empty_short_array = NULL;
136 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_empty_klass_array = NULL;
137 Array<Method*>* Universe::_the_empty_method_array = NULL;
138
139 // These variables are guarded by FullGCALot_lock.
140 debug_only(objArrayOop Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_array = NULL;)
141 debug_only(int Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_next = 0;)
142
143 // Heap
144 int Universe::_verify_count = 0;
145
146 int Universe::_base_vtable_size = 0;
147 bool Universe::_bootstrapping = false;
148 bool Universe::_fully_initialized = false;
149
150 size_t Universe::_heap_capacity_at_last_gc;
151 size_t Universe::_heap_used_at_last_gc = 0;
152
153 CollectedHeap* Universe::_collectedHeap = NULL;
154
155 NarrowPtrStruct Universe::_narrow_oop = { NULL, 0, true };
156 NarrowPtrStruct Universe::_narrow_klass = { NULL, 0, true };
157 address Universe::_narrow_ptrs_base;
158
159 void Universe::basic_type_classes_do(void f(Klass*)) {
160 f(boolArrayKlassObj());
161 f(byteArrayKlassObj());
162 f(charArrayKlassObj());
163 f(intArrayKlassObj());
164 f(shortArrayKlassObj());
165 f(longArrayKlassObj());
166 f(singleArrayKlassObj());
167 f(doubleArrayKlassObj());
168 }
169
170 void Universe::oops_do(OopClosure* f, bool do_all) {
171
172 f->do_oop((oop*) &_int_mirror);
173 f->do_oop((oop*) &_float_mirror);
174 f->do_oop((oop*) &_double_mirror);
175 f->do_oop((oop*) &_byte_mirror);
176 f->do_oop((oop*) &_bool_mirror);
177 f->do_oop((oop*) &_char_mirror);
178 f->do_oop((oop*) &_long_mirror);
179 f->do_oop((oop*) &_short_mirror);
180 f->do_oop((oop*) &_void_mirror);
181
182 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
183 f->do_oop((oop*) &_mirrors[i]);
184 }
185 assert(_mirrors[0] == NULL && _mirrors[T_BOOLEAN - 1] == NULL, "checking");
186
187 f->do_oop((oop*)&_the_empty_class_klass_array);
188 f->do_oop((oop*)&_the_null_string);
189 f->do_oop((oop*)&_the_min_jint_string);
190 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_java_heap);
191 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_metaspace);
192 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace);
193 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_array_size);
194 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit);
195 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects);
196 f->do_oop((oop*)&_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array);
197 f->do_oop((oop*)&_null_ptr_exception_instance);
198 f->do_oop((oop*)&_arithmetic_exception_instance);
199 f->do_oop((oop*)&_virtual_machine_error_instance);
200 f->do_oop((oop*)&_main_thread_group);
201 f->do_oop((oop*)&_system_thread_group);
202 f->do_oop((oop*)&_vm_exception);
203 f->do_oop((oop*)&_allocation_context_notification_obj);
204 debug_only(f->do_oop((oop*)&_fullgc_alot_dummy_array);)
205 }
206
207 // Serialize metadata in and out of CDS archive, not oops.
208 void Universe::serialize(SerializeClosure* f, bool do_all) {
209
210 f->do_ptr((void**)&_boolArrayKlassObj);
211 f->do_ptr((void**)&_byteArrayKlassObj);
212 f->do_ptr((void**)&_charArrayKlassObj);
213 f->do_ptr((void**)&_intArrayKlassObj);
214 f->do_ptr((void**)&_shortArrayKlassObj);
215 f->do_ptr((void**)&_longArrayKlassObj);
216 f->do_ptr((void**)&_singleArrayKlassObj);
217 f->do_ptr((void**)&_doubleArrayKlassObj);
218 f->do_ptr((void**)&_objectArrayKlassObj);
219
220 {
221 for (int i = 0; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
222 if (_typeArrayKlassObjs[i] != NULL) {
223 assert(i >= T_BOOLEAN, "checking");
224 f->do_ptr((void**)&_typeArrayKlassObjs[i]);
225 } else if (do_all) {
226 f->do_ptr((void**)&_typeArrayKlassObjs[i]);
227 }
228 }
229 }
230
231 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_array_interfaces_array);
232 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_int_array);
233 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_short_array);
234 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_method_array);
235 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_klass_array);
236 _finalizer_register_cache->serialize(f);
237 _loader_addClass_cache->serialize(f);
238 _pd_implies_cache->serialize(f);
239 _throw_illegal_access_error_cache->serialize(f);
240 }
241
242 void Universe::check_alignment(uintx size, uintx alignment, const char* name) {
243 if (size < alignment || size % alignment != 0) {
244 vm_exit_during_initialization(
245 err_msg("Size of %s (" UINTX_FORMAT " bytes) must be aligned to " UINTX_FORMAT " bytes", name, size, alignment));
246 }
247 }
248
249 void initialize_basic_type_klass(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
250 Klass* ok = SystemDictionary::Object_klass();
251 if (UseSharedSpaces) {
252 ClassLoaderData* loader_data = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
253 assert(k->super() == ok, "u3");
254 k->restore_unshareable_info(loader_data, Handle(), CHECK);
255 } else {
256 k->initialize_supers(ok, CHECK);
257 }
258 k->append_to_sibling_list();
259 }
260
261 void Universe::genesis(TRAPS) {
262 ResourceMark rm;
263
264 { FlagSetting fs(_bootstrapping, true);
265
266 { MutexLocker mc(Compile_lock);
267
268 // determine base vtable size; without that we cannot create the array klasses
269 compute_base_vtable_size();
270
271 if (!UseSharedSpaces) {
272 _boolArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_BOOLEAN, sizeof(jboolean), CHECK);
273 _charArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_CHAR, sizeof(jchar), CHECK);
274 _singleArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_FLOAT, sizeof(jfloat), CHECK);
275 _doubleArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_DOUBLE, sizeof(jdouble), CHECK);
276 _byteArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_BYTE, sizeof(jbyte), CHECK);
277 _shortArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_SHORT, sizeof(jshort), CHECK);
278 _intArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_INT, sizeof(jint), CHECK);
279 _longArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_LONG, sizeof(jlong), CHECK);
280
281 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_BOOLEAN] = _boolArrayKlassObj;
282 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_CHAR] = _charArrayKlassObj;
283 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_FLOAT] = _singleArrayKlassObj;
284 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_DOUBLE] = _doubleArrayKlassObj;
285 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_BYTE] = _byteArrayKlassObj;
286 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_SHORT] = _shortArrayKlassObj;
287 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_INT] = _intArrayKlassObj;
288 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_LONG] = _longArrayKlassObj;
289
290 ClassLoaderData* null_cld = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
291
292 _the_array_interfaces_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 2, NULL, CHECK);
293 _the_empty_int_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<int>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
294 _the_empty_short_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
295 _the_empty_method_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Method*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
296 _the_empty_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
297 }
298 }
299
300 vmSymbols::initialize(CHECK);
301
302 SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK);
303
304 Klass* ok = SystemDictionary::Object_klass();
305
306 _the_null_string = StringTable::intern("null", CHECK);
307 _the_min_jint_string = StringTable::intern("-2147483648", CHECK);
308
309 if (UseSharedSpaces) {
310 // Verify shared interfaces array.
311 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(0) ==
312 SystemDictionary::Cloneable_klass(), "u3");
313 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(1) ==
314 SystemDictionary::Serializable_klass(), "u3");
315 } else {
316 // Set up shared interfaces array. (Do this before supers are set up.)
317 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(0, SystemDictionary::Cloneable_klass());
318 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(1, SystemDictionary::Serializable_klass());
319 }
320
321 initialize_basic_type_klass(boolArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
322 initialize_basic_type_klass(charArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
323 initialize_basic_type_klass(singleArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
324 initialize_basic_type_klass(doubleArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
325 initialize_basic_type_klass(byteArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
326 initialize_basic_type_klass(shortArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
327 initialize_basic_type_klass(intArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
328 initialize_basic_type_klass(longArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
329 } // end of core bootstrapping
330
331 // Maybe this could be lifted up now that object array can be initialized
332 // during the bootstrapping.
333
334 // OLD
335 // Initialize _objectArrayKlass after core bootstraping to make
336 // sure the super class is set up properly for _objectArrayKlass.
337 // ---
338 // NEW
339 // Since some of the old system object arrays have been converted to
340 // ordinary object arrays, _objectArrayKlass will be loaded when
341 // SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK); is run. See the extra check
342 // for Object_klass_loaded in objArrayKlassKlass::allocate_objArray_klass_impl.
343 _objectArrayKlassObj = InstanceKlass::
344 cast(SystemDictionary::Object_klass())->array_klass(1, CHECK);
345 // OLD
346 // Add the class to the class hierarchy manually to make sure that
347 // its vtable is initialized after core bootstrapping is completed.
348 // ---
349 // New
350 // Have already been initialized.
351 _objectArrayKlassObj->append_to_sibling_list();
352
353 // Compute is_jdk version flags.
354 // Only 1.3 or later has the java.lang.Shutdown class.
355 // Only 1.4 or later has the java.lang.CharSequence interface.
356 // Only 1.5 or later has the java.lang.management.MemoryUsage class.
357 if (JDK_Version::is_partially_initialized()) {
358 uint8_t jdk_version;
359 Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(
360 vmSymbols::java_lang_management_MemoryUsage(), THREAD);
361 CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION; // ignore exceptions
362 if (k == NULL) {
363 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(
364 vmSymbols::java_lang_CharSequence(), THREAD);
365 CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION; // ignore exceptions
366 if (k == NULL) {
367 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(
368 vmSymbols::java_lang_Shutdown(), THREAD);
369 CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION; // ignore exceptions
370 if (k == NULL) {
371 jdk_version = 2;
372 } else {
373 jdk_version = 3;
374 }
375 } else {
376 jdk_version = 4;
377 }
378 } else {
379 jdk_version = 5;
380 }
381 JDK_Version::fully_initialize(jdk_version);
382 }
383
384 #ifdef ASSERT
385 if (FullGCALot) {
386 // Allocate an array of dummy objects.
387 // We'd like these to be at the bottom of the old generation,
388 // so that when we free one and then collect,
389 // (almost) the whole heap moves
390 // and we find out if we actually update all the oops correctly.
391 // But we can't allocate directly in the old generation,
392 // so we allocate wherever, and hope that the first collection
393 // moves these objects to the bottom of the old generation.
394 // We can allocate directly in the permanent generation, so we do.
395 int size;
396 if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
397 warning("Using +FullGCALot with concurrent mark sweep gc "
398 "will not force all objects to relocate");
399 size = FullGCALotDummies;
400 } else {
401 size = FullGCALotDummies * 2;
402 }
403 objArrayOop naked_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), size, CHECK);
404 objArrayHandle dummy_array(THREAD, naked_array);
405 int i = 0;
406 while (i < size) {
407 // Allocate dummy in old generation
408 oop dummy = InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::Object_klass())->allocate_instance(CHECK);
409 dummy_array->obj_at_put(i++, dummy);
410 }
411 {
412 // Only modify the global variable inside the mutex.
413 // If we had a race to here, the other dummy_array instances
414 // and their elements just get dropped on the floor, which is fine.
415 MutexLocker ml(FullGCALot_lock);
416 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_array == NULL) {
417 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = dummy_array();
418 }
419 }
420 assert(i == _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->length(), "just checking");
421 }
422 #endif
423
424 // Initialize dependency array for null class loader
425 ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data()->init_dependencies(CHECK);
426
427 }
428
429 // CDS support for patching vtables in metadata in the shared archive.
430 // All types inherited from Metadata have vtables, but not types inherited
431 // from MetaspaceObj, because the latter does not have virtual functions.
432 // If the metadata type has a vtable, it cannot be shared in the read-only
433 // section of the CDS archive, because the vtable pointer is patched.
434 static inline void add_vtable(void** list, int* n, void* o, int count) {
435 guarantee((*n) < count, "vtable list too small");
436 void* vtable = dereference_vptr(o);
437 assert(*(void**)(vtable) != NULL, "invalid vtable");
438 list[(*n)++] = vtable;
439 }
440
441 void Universe::init_self_patching_vtbl_list(void** list, int count) {
442 int n = 0;
443 { InstanceKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
444 { InstanceClassLoaderKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
445 { InstanceMirrorKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
446 { InstanceRefKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
447 { TypeArrayKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
448 { ObjArrayKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
449 { Method o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
450 { ConstantPool o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
451 }
452
453 void Universe::initialize_basic_type_mirrors(TRAPS) {
454 assert(_int_mirror==NULL, "basic type mirrors already initialized");
455 _int_mirror =
456 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("int", T_INT, CHECK);
457 _float_mirror =
458 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("float", T_FLOAT, CHECK);
459 _double_mirror =
460 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("double", T_DOUBLE, CHECK);
461 _byte_mirror =
462 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("byte", T_BYTE, CHECK);
463 _bool_mirror =
464 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("boolean",T_BOOLEAN, CHECK);
465 _char_mirror =
466 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("char", T_CHAR, CHECK);
467 _long_mirror =
468 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("long", T_LONG, CHECK);
469 _short_mirror =
470 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("short", T_SHORT, CHECK);
471 _void_mirror =
472 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("void", T_VOID, CHECK);
473
474 _mirrors[T_INT] = _int_mirror;
475 _mirrors[T_FLOAT] = _float_mirror;
476 _mirrors[T_DOUBLE] = _double_mirror;
477 _mirrors[T_BYTE] = _byte_mirror;
478 _mirrors[T_BOOLEAN] = _bool_mirror;
479 _mirrors[T_CHAR] = _char_mirror;
480 _mirrors[T_LONG] = _long_mirror;
481 _mirrors[T_SHORT] = _short_mirror;
482 _mirrors[T_VOID] = _void_mirror;
483 //_mirrors[T_OBJECT] = InstanceKlass::cast(_object_klass)->java_mirror();
484 //_mirrors[T_ARRAY] = InstanceKlass::cast(_object_klass)->java_mirror();
485 }
486
487 void Universe::fixup_mirrors(TRAPS) {
488 // Bootstrap problem: all classes gets a mirror (java.lang.Class instance) assigned eagerly,
489 // but we cannot do that for classes created before java.lang.Class is loaded. Here we simply
490 // walk over permanent objects created so far (mostly classes) and fixup their mirrors. Note
491 // that the number of objects allocated at this point is very small.
492 assert(SystemDictionary::Class_klass_loaded(), "java.lang.Class should be loaded");
493 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
494 // Cache the start of the static fields
495 InstanceMirrorKlass::init_offset_of_static_fields();
496
497 GrowableArray <Klass*>* list = java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
498 int list_length = list->length();
499 for (int i = 0; i < list_length; i++) {
500 Klass* k = list->at(i);
501 assert(k->is_klass(), "List should only hold classes");
502 EXCEPTION_MARK;
503 KlassHandle kh(THREAD, k);
504 java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror(kh, CATCH);
505 }
506 delete java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
507 java_lang_Class::set_fixup_mirror_list(NULL);
508 }
509
510 static bool has_run_finalizers_on_exit = false;
511
512 void Universe::run_finalizers_on_exit() {
513 if (has_run_finalizers_on_exit) return;
514 has_run_finalizers_on_exit = true;
515
516 // Called on VM exit. This ought to be run in a separate thread.
517 if (TraceReferenceGC) tty->print_cr("Callback to run finalizers on exit");
518 {
519 PRESERVE_EXCEPTION_MARK;
520 KlassHandle finalizer_klass(THREAD, SystemDictionary::Finalizer_klass());
521 JavaValue result(T_VOID);
522 JavaCalls::call_static(
523 &result,
524 finalizer_klass,
525 vmSymbols::run_finalizers_on_exit_name(),
526 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
527 THREAD
528 );
529 // Ignore any pending exceptions
530 CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
531 }
532 }
533
534
535 // initialize_vtable could cause gc if
536 // 1) we specified true to initialize_vtable and
537 // 2) this ran after gc was enabled
538 // In case those ever change we use handles for oops
539 void Universe::reinitialize_vtable_of(KlassHandle k_h, TRAPS) {
540 // init vtable of k and all subclasses
541 Klass* ko = k_h();
542 klassVtable* vt = ko->vtable();
543 if (vt) vt->initialize_vtable(false, CHECK);
544 if (ko->oop_is_instance()) {
545 InstanceKlass* ik = (InstanceKlass*)ko;
546 for (KlassHandle s_h(THREAD, ik->subklass());
547 s_h() != NULL;
548 s_h = KlassHandle(THREAD, s_h()->next_sibling())) {
549 reinitialize_vtable_of(s_h, CHECK);
550 }
551 }
552 }
553
554
555 void initialize_itable_for_klass(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
556 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->itable()->initialize_itable(false, CHECK);
557 }
558
559
560 void Universe::reinitialize_itables(TRAPS) {
561 SystemDictionary::classes_do(initialize_itable_for_klass, CHECK);
562
563 }
564
565
566 bool Universe::on_page_boundary(void* addr) {
567 return ((uintptr_t) addr) % os::vm_page_size() == 0;
568 }
569
570
571 bool Universe::should_fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable) {
572 // never attempt to fill in the stack trace of preallocated errors that do not have
573 // backtrace. These errors are kept alive forever and may be "re-used" when all
574 // preallocated errors with backtrace have been consumed. Also need to avoid
575 // a potential loop which could happen if an out of memory occurs when attempting
576 // to allocate the backtrace.
577 return ((throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap) &&
578 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace) &&
579 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace) &&
580 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size) &&
581 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit) &&
582 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects));
583 }
584
585
586 oop Universe::gen_out_of_memory_error(oop default_err) {
587 // generate an out of memory error:
588 // - if there is a preallocated error with backtrace available then return it wth
589 // a filled in stack trace.
590 // - if there are no preallocated errors with backtrace available then return
591 // an error without backtrace.
592 int next;
593 if (_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count > 0) {
594 next = (int)Atomic::add(-1, &_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count);
595 assert(next < (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount, "avail count is corrupt");
596 } else {
597 next = -1;
598 }
599 if (next < 0) {
600 // all preallocated errors have been used.
601 // return default
602 return default_err;
603 } else {
604 // get the error object at the slot and set set it to NULL so that the
605 // array isn't keeping it alive anymore.
606 oop exc = preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(next);
607 assert(exc != NULL, "slot has been used already");
608 preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at_put(next, NULL);
609
610 // use the message from the default error
611 oop msg = java_lang_Throwable::message(default_err);
612 assert(msg != NULL, "no message");
613 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(exc, msg);
614
615 // populate the stack trace and return it.
616 java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(exc);
617 return exc;
618 }
619 }
620
621 intptr_t Universe::_non_oop_bits = 0;
622
623 void* Universe::non_oop_word() {
624 // Neither the high bits nor the low bits of this value is allowed
625 // to look like (respectively) the high or low bits of a real oop.
626 //
627 // High and low are CPU-specific notions, but low always includes
628 // the low-order bit. Since oops are always aligned at least mod 4,
629 // setting the low-order bit will ensure that the low half of the
630 // word will never look like that of a real oop.
631 //
632 // Using the OS-supplied non-memory-address word (usually 0 or -1)
633 // will take care of the high bits, however many there are.
634
635 if (_non_oop_bits == 0) {
636 _non_oop_bits = (intptr_t)os::non_memory_address_word() | 1;
637 }
638
639 return (void*)_non_oop_bits;
640 }
641
642 jint universe_init() {
643 assert(!Universe::_fully_initialized, "called after initialize_vtables");
644 guarantee(1 << LogHeapWordSize == sizeof(HeapWord),
645 "LogHeapWordSize is incorrect.");
646 guarantee(sizeof(oop) >= sizeof(HeapWord), "HeapWord larger than oop?");
647 guarantee(sizeof(oop) % sizeof(HeapWord) == 0,
648 "oop size is not not a multiple of HeapWord size");
649 TraceTime timer("Genesis", TraceStartupTime);
650 JavaClasses::compute_hard_coded_offsets();
651
652 jint status = Universe::initialize_heap();
653 if (status != JNI_OK) {
654 return status;
655 }
656
657 Metaspace::global_initialize();
658
659 // Create memory for metadata. Must be after initializing heap for
660 // DumpSharedSpaces.
661 ClassLoaderData::init_null_class_loader_data();
662
663 // We have a heap so create the Method* caches before
664 // Metaspace::initialize_shared_spaces() tries to populate them.
665 Universe::_finalizer_register_cache = new LatestMethodCache();
666 Universe::_loader_addClass_cache = new LatestMethodCache();
667 Universe::_pd_implies_cache = new LatestMethodCache();
668 Universe::_throw_illegal_access_error_cache = new LatestMethodCache();
669
670 if (UseSharedSpaces) {
671 // Read the data structures supporting the shared spaces (shared
672 // system dictionary, symbol table, etc.). After that, access to
673 // the file (other than the mapped regions) is no longer needed, and
674 // the file is closed. Closing the file does not affect the
675 // currently mapped regions.
676 MetaspaceShared::initialize_shared_spaces();
677 StringTable::create_table();
678 } else {
679 SymbolTable::create_table();
680 StringTable::create_table();
681 ClassLoader::create_package_info_table();
682
683 if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
684 MetaspaceShared::prepare_for_dumping();
685 }
686 }
687 if (strlen(VerifySubSet) > 0) {
688 Universe::initialize_verify_flags();
689 }
690
691 return JNI_OK;
692 }
693
694 // Choose the heap base address and oop encoding mode
695 // when compressed oops are used:
696 // Unscaled - Use 32-bits oops without encoding when
697 // NarrowOopHeapBaseMin + heap_size < 4Gb
698 // ZeroBased - Use zero based compressed oops with encoding when
699 // NarrowOopHeapBaseMin + heap_size < 32Gb
700 // HeapBased - Use compressed oops with heap base + encoding.
701
702 // 4Gb
703 static const uint64_t UnscaledOopHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1);
704 // 32Gb
705 // OopEncodingHeapMax == UnscaledOopHeapMax << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
706
707 char* Universe::preferred_heap_base(size_t heap_size, size_t alignment, NARROW_OOP_MODE mode) {
708 assert(is_size_aligned((size_t)OopEncodingHeapMax, alignment), "Must be");
709 assert(is_size_aligned((size_t)UnscaledOopHeapMax, alignment), "Must be");
710 assert(is_size_aligned(heap_size, alignment), "Must be");
711
712 uintx heap_base_min_address_aligned = align_size_up(HeapBaseMinAddress, alignment);
713
714 size_t base = 0;
715 #ifdef _LP64
716 if (UseCompressedOops) {
717 assert(mode == UnscaledNarrowOop ||
718 mode == ZeroBasedNarrowOop ||
719 mode == HeapBasedNarrowOop, "mode is invalid");
720 const size_t total_size = heap_size + heap_base_min_address_aligned;
721 // Return specified base for the first request.
722 if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress) && (mode == UnscaledNarrowOop)) {
723 base = heap_base_min_address_aligned;
724
725 // If the total size is small enough to allow UnscaledNarrowOop then
726 // just use UnscaledNarrowOop.
727 } else if ((total_size <= OopEncodingHeapMax) && (mode != HeapBasedNarrowOop)) {
728 if ((total_size <= UnscaledOopHeapMax) && (mode == UnscaledNarrowOop) &&
729 (Universe::narrow_oop_shift() == 0)) {
730 // Use 32-bits oops without encoding and
731 // place heap's top on the 4Gb boundary
732 base = (UnscaledOopHeapMax - heap_size);
733 } else {
734 // Can't reserve with NarrowOopShift == 0
735 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes);
736
737 if (mode == UnscaledNarrowOop ||
738 mode == ZeroBasedNarrowOop && total_size <= UnscaledOopHeapMax) {
739
740 // Use zero based compressed oops with encoding and
741 // place heap's top on the 32Gb boundary in case
742 // total_size > 4Gb or failed to reserve below 4Gb.
743 uint64_t heap_top = OopEncodingHeapMax;
744
745 // For small heaps, save some space for compressed class pointer
746 // space so it can be decoded with no base.
747 if (UseCompressedClassPointers && !UseSharedSpaces &&
748 OopEncodingHeapMax <= 32*G) {
749
750 uint64_t class_space = align_size_up(CompressedClassSpaceSize, alignment);
751 assert(is_size_aligned((size_t)OopEncodingHeapMax-class_space,
752 alignment), "difference must be aligned too");
753 uint64_t new_top = OopEncodingHeapMax-class_space;
754
755 if (total_size <= new_top) {
756 heap_top = new_top;
757 }
758 }
759
760 // Align base to the adjusted top of the heap
761 base = heap_top - heap_size;
762 }
763 }
764 } else {
765 // UnscaledNarrowOop encoding didn't work, and no base was found for ZeroBasedOops or
766 // HeapBasedNarrowOop encoding was requested. So, can't reserve below 32Gb.
767 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes);
768 }
769
770 // Set narrow_oop_base and narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks
771 // used in ReservedHeapSpace() constructors.
772 // The final values will be set in initialize_heap() below.
773 if ((base != 0) && ((base + heap_size) <= OopEncodingHeapMax)) {
774 // Use zero based compressed oops
775 Universe::set_narrow_oop_base(NULL);
776 // Don't need guard page for implicit checks in indexed
777 // addressing mode with zero based Compressed Oops.
778 Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(true);
779 } else {
780 // Set to a non-NULL value so the ReservedSpace ctor computes
781 // the correct no-access prefix.
782 // The final value will be set in initialize_heap() below.
783 Universe::set_narrow_oop_base((address)UnscaledOopHeapMax);
784 #if defined(_WIN64) || defined(AIX)
785 if (UseLargePages) {
786 // Cannot allocate guard pages for implicit checks in indexed
787 // addressing mode when large pages are specified on windows.
788 Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(false);
789 }
790 #endif // _WIN64
791 }
792 }
793 #endif
794
795 assert(is_ptr_aligned((char*)base, alignment), "Must be");
796 return (char*)base; // also return NULL (don't care) for 32-bit VM
797 }
798
799 jint Universe::initialize_heap() {
800
801 if (UseParallelGC) {
802 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
803 Universe::_collectedHeap = new ParallelScavengeHeap();
804 #else // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
805 fatal("UseParallelGC not supported in this VM.");
806 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
807
808 } else if (UseG1GC) {
809 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
810 G1CollectorPolicyExt* g1p = new G1CollectorPolicyExt();
811 g1p->initialize_all();
812 G1CollectedHeap* g1h = new G1CollectedHeap(g1p);
813 Universe::_collectedHeap = g1h;
814 #else // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
815 fatal("UseG1GC not supported in java kernel vm.");
816 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
817
818 } else {
819 GenCollectorPolicy *gc_policy;
820
821 if (UseSerialGC) {
822 gc_policy = new MarkSweepPolicy();
823 } else if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
824 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
825 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
826 gc_policy = new ASConcurrentMarkSweepPolicy();
827 } else {
828 gc_policy = new ConcurrentMarkSweepPolicy();
829 }
830 #else // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
831 fatal("UseConcMarkSweepGC not supported in this VM.");
832 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
833 } else { // default old generation
834 gc_policy = new MarkSweepPolicy();
835 }
836 gc_policy->initialize_all();
837
838 Universe::_collectedHeap = new GenCollectedHeap(gc_policy);
839 }
840
841 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::set_max_size(Universe::heap()->max_tlab_size());
842
843 jint status = Universe::heap()->initialize();
844 if (status != JNI_OK) {
845 return status;
846 }
847
848 #ifdef _LP64
849 if (UseCompressedOops) {
850 // Subtract a page because something can get allocated at heap base.
851 // This also makes implicit null checking work, because the
852 // memory+1 page below heap_base needs to cause a signal.
853 // See needs_explicit_null_check.
854 // Only set the heap base for compressed oops because it indicates
855 // compressed oops for pstack code.
856 if (((uint64_t)Universe::heap()->reserved_region().end() > OopEncodingHeapMax)) {
857 // Can't reserve heap below 32Gb.
858 // keep the Universe::narrow_oop_base() set in Universe::reserve_heap()
859 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes);
860 #ifdef AIX
861 // There is no protected page before the heap. This assures all oops
862 // are decoded so that NULL is preserved, so this page will not be accessed.
863 Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(false);
864 #endif
865 } else {
866 Universe::set_narrow_oop_base(0);
867 #ifdef _WIN64
868 if (!Universe::narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks()) {
869 // Don't need guard page for implicit checks in indexed addressing
870 // mode with zero based Compressed Oops.
871 Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(true);
872 }
873 #endif // _WIN64
874 if((uint64_t)Universe::heap()->reserved_region().end() > UnscaledOopHeapMax) {
875 // Can't reserve heap below 4Gb.
876 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes);
877 } else {
878 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(0);
879 }
880 }
881
882 Universe::set_narrow_ptrs_base(Universe::narrow_oop_base());
883
884 if (PrintCompressedOopsMode || (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose)) {
885 Universe::print_compressed_oops_mode();
886 }
887 }
888 // Universe::narrow_oop_base() is one page below the heap.
889 assert((intptr_t)Universe::narrow_oop_base() <= (intptr_t)(Universe::heap()->base() -
890 os::vm_page_size()) ||
891 Universe::narrow_oop_base() == NULL, "invalid value");
892 assert(Universe::narrow_oop_shift() == LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes ||
893 Universe::narrow_oop_shift() == 0, "invalid value");
894 #endif
895
896 // We will never reach the CATCH below since Exceptions::_throw will cause
897 // the VM to exit if an exception is thrown during initialization
898
899 if (UseTLAB) {
900 assert(Universe::heap()->supports_tlab_allocation(),
901 "Should support thread-local allocation buffers");
902 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::startup_initialization();
903 }
904 return JNI_OK;
905 }
906
907 void Universe::print_compressed_oops_mode() {
908 tty->cr();
909 tty->print("heap address: " PTR_FORMAT ", size: " SIZE_FORMAT " MB",
910 Universe::heap()->base(), Universe::heap()->reserved_region().byte_size()/M);
911
912 tty->print(", Compressed Oops mode: %s", narrow_oop_mode_to_string(narrow_oop_mode()));
913
914 if (Universe::narrow_oop_base() != 0) {
915 tty->print(":" PTR_FORMAT, Universe::narrow_oop_base());
916 }
917
918 if (Universe::narrow_oop_shift() != 0) {
919 tty->print(", Oop shift amount: %d", Universe::narrow_oop_shift());
920 }
921
922 tty->cr();
923 tty->cr();
924 }
925
926 // Reserve the Java heap, which is now the same for all GCs.
927 ReservedSpace Universe::reserve_heap(size_t heap_size, size_t alignment) {
928 assert(alignment <= Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment(),
929 err_msg("actual alignment "SIZE_FORMAT" must be within maximum heap alignment "SIZE_FORMAT,
930 alignment, Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment()));
931 size_t total_reserved = align_size_up(heap_size, alignment);
932 assert(!UseCompressedOops || (total_reserved <= (OopEncodingHeapMax - os::vm_page_size())),
933 "heap size is too big for compressed oops");
934
935 bool use_large_pages = UseLargePages && is_size_aligned(alignment, os::large_page_size());
936 assert(!UseLargePages
937 || UseParallelGC
938 || use_large_pages, "Wrong alignment to use large pages");
939
940 char* addr = Universe::preferred_heap_base(total_reserved, alignment, Universe::UnscaledNarrowOop);
941
942 ReservedHeapSpace total_rs(total_reserved, alignment, use_large_pages, addr);
943
944 if (UseCompressedOops) {
945 if (addr != NULL && !total_rs.is_reserved()) {
946 // Failed to reserve at specified address - the requested memory
947 // region is taken already, for example, by 'java' launcher.
948 // Try again to reserver heap higher.
949 addr = Universe::preferred_heap_base(total_reserved, alignment, Universe::ZeroBasedNarrowOop);
950
951 ReservedHeapSpace total_rs0(total_reserved, alignment,
952 use_large_pages, addr);
953
954 if (addr != NULL && !total_rs0.is_reserved()) {
955 // Failed to reserve at specified address again - give up.
956 addr = Universe::preferred_heap_base(total_reserved, alignment, Universe::HeapBasedNarrowOop);
957 assert(addr == NULL, "");
958
959 ReservedHeapSpace total_rs1(total_reserved, alignment,
960 use_large_pages, addr);
961 total_rs = total_rs1;
962 } else {
963 total_rs = total_rs0;
964 }
965 }
966 }
967
968 if (!total_rs.is_reserved()) {
969 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("Could not reserve enough space for " SIZE_FORMAT "KB object heap", total_reserved/K));
970 return total_rs;
971 }
972
973 if (UseCompressedOops) {
974 // Universe::initialize_heap() will reset this to NULL if unscaled
975 // or zero-based narrow oops are actually used.
976 address base = (address)(total_rs.base() - os::vm_page_size());
977 Universe::set_narrow_oop_base(base);
978 }
979 return total_rs;
980 }
981
982
983 // It's the caller's responsibility to ensure glitch-freedom
984 // (if required).
985 void Universe::update_heap_info_at_gc() {
986 _heap_capacity_at_last_gc = heap()->capacity();
987 _heap_used_at_last_gc = heap()->used();
988 }
989
990
991 const char* Universe::narrow_oop_mode_to_string(Universe::NARROW_OOP_MODE mode) {
992 switch (mode) {
993 case UnscaledNarrowOop:
994 return "32-bit";
995 case ZeroBasedNarrowOop:
996 return "Zero based";
997 case HeapBasedNarrowOop:
998 return "Non-zero based";
999 }
1000
1001 ShouldNotReachHere();
1002 return "";
1003 }
1004
1005
1006 Universe::NARROW_OOP_MODE Universe::narrow_oop_mode() {
1007 if (narrow_oop_base() != 0) {
1008 return HeapBasedNarrowOop;
1009 }
1010
1011 if (narrow_oop_shift() != 0) {
1012 return ZeroBasedNarrowOop;
1013 }
1014
1015 return UnscaledNarrowOop;
1016 }
1017
1018
1019 void universe2_init() {
1020 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1021 Universe::genesis(CATCH);
1022 }
1023
1024
1025 // This function is defined in JVM.cpp
1026 extern void initialize_converter_functions();
1027
1028 bool universe_post_init() {
1029 assert(!is_init_completed(), "Error: initialization not yet completed!");
1030 Universe::_fully_initialized = true;
1031 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1032 { ResourceMark rm;
1033 Interpreter::initialize(); // needed for interpreter entry points
1034 if (!UseSharedSpaces) {
1035 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1036 KlassHandle ok_h(THREAD, SystemDictionary::Object_klass());
1037 Universe::reinitialize_vtable_of(ok_h, CHECK_false);
1038 Universe::reinitialize_itables(CHECK_false);
1039 }
1040 }
1041
1042 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1043 Klass* k;
1044 instanceKlassHandle k_h;
1045 // Setup preallocated empty java.lang.Class array
1046 Universe::_the_empty_class_klass_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Class_klass(), 0, CHECK_false);
1047
1048 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
1049 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError(), true, CHECK_false);
1050 k_h = instanceKlassHandle(THREAD, k);
1051 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1052 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1053 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1054 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1055 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit =
1056 k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1057 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1058
1059 // Setup preallocated NullPointerException
1060 // (this is currently used for a cheap & dirty solution in compiler exception handling)
1061 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), true, CHECK_false);
1062 Universe::_null_ptr_exception_instance = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1063 // Setup preallocated ArithmeticException
1064 // (this is currently used for a cheap & dirty solution in compiler exception handling)
1065 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArithmeticException(), true, CHECK_false);
1066 Universe::_arithmetic_exception_instance = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1067 // Virtual Machine Error for when we get into a situation we can't resolve
1068 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(
1069 vmSymbols::java_lang_VirtualMachineError(), true, CHECK_false);
1070 bool linked = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->link_class_or_fail(CHECK_false);
1071 if (!linked) {
1072 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify VirtualMachineError class");
1073 return false; // initialization failed
1074 }
1075 Universe::_virtual_machine_error_instance =
1076 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1077
1078 Universe::_vm_exception = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1079
1080 if (!DumpSharedSpaces) {
1081 // These are the only Java fields that are currently set during shared space dumping.
1082 // We prefer to not handle this generally, so we always reinitialize these detail messages.
1083 Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space", CHECK_false);
1084 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap, msg());
1085
1086 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Metaspace", CHECK_false);
1087 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace, msg());
1088 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Compressed class space", CHECK_false);
1089 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace, msg());
1090
1091 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Requested array size exceeds VM limit", CHECK_false);
1092 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size, msg());
1093
1094 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("GC overhead limit exceeded", CHECK_false);
1095 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit, msg());
1096
1097 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space: failed reallocation of scalar replaced objects", CHECK_false);
1098 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_realloc_objects, msg());
1099
1100 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("/ by zero", CHECK_false);
1101 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_arithmetic_exception_instance, msg());
1102
1103 // Setup the array of errors that have preallocated backtrace
1104 k = Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap->klass();
1105 assert(k->name() == vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError(), "should be out of memory error");
1106 k_h = instanceKlassHandle(THREAD, k);
1107
1108 int len = (StackTraceInThrowable) ? (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount : 0;
1109 Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(k_h(), len, CHECK_false);
1110 for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
1111 oop err = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1112 Handle err_h = Handle(THREAD, err);
1113 java_lang_Throwable::allocate_backtrace(err_h, CHECK_false);
1114 Universe::preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at_put(i, err_h());
1115 }
1116 Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = (jint)len;
1117 }
1118
1119
1120 // Setup static method for registering finalizers
1121 // The finalizer klass must be linked before looking up the method, in
1122 // case it needs to get rewritten.
1123 InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::Finalizer_klass())->link_class(CHECK_false);
1124 Method* m = InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::Finalizer_klass())->find_method(
1125 vmSymbols::register_method_name(),
1126 vmSymbols::register_method_signature());
1127 if (m == NULL || !m->is_static()) {
1128 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify Finalizer.register method");
1129 return false; // initialization failed (cannot throw exception yet)
1130 }
1131 Universe::_finalizer_register_cache->init(
1132 SystemDictionary::Finalizer_klass(), m);
1133
1134 InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::misc_Unsafe_klass())->link_class(CHECK_false);
1135 m = InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::misc_Unsafe_klass())->find_method(
1136 vmSymbols::throwIllegalAccessError_name(),
1137 vmSymbols::void_method_signature());
1138 if (m != NULL && !m->is_static()) {
1139 // Note null is okay; this method is used in itables, and if it is null,
1140 // then AbstractMethodError is thrown instead.
1141 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify Unsafe.throwIllegalAccessError method");
1142 return false; // initialization failed (cannot throw exception yet)
1143 }
1144 Universe::_throw_illegal_access_error_cache->init(
1145 SystemDictionary::misc_Unsafe_klass(), m);
1146
1147 // Setup method for registering loaded classes in class loader vector
1148 InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::ClassLoader_klass())->link_class(CHECK_false);
1149 m = InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::ClassLoader_klass())->find_method(vmSymbols::addClass_name(), vmSymbols::class_void_signature());
1150 if (m == NULL || m->is_static()) {
1151 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify ClassLoader.addClass method");
1152 return false; // initialization failed (cannot throw exception yet)
1153 }
1154 Universe::_loader_addClass_cache->init(
1155 SystemDictionary::ClassLoader_klass(), m);
1156
1157 // Setup method for checking protection domain
1158 InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::ProtectionDomain_klass())->link_class(CHECK_false);
1159 m = InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::ProtectionDomain_klass())->
1160 find_method(vmSymbols::impliesCreateAccessControlContext_name(),
1161 vmSymbols::void_boolean_signature());
1162 // Allow NULL which should only happen with bootstrapping.
1163 if (m != NULL) {
1164 if (m->is_static()) {
1165 // NoSuchMethodException doesn't actually work because it tries to run the
1166 // <init> function before java_lang_Class is linked. Print error and exit.
1167 tty->print_cr("ProtectionDomain.impliesCreateAccessControlContext() has the wrong linkage");
1168 return false; // initialization failed
1169 }
1170 Universe::_pd_implies_cache->init(
1171 SystemDictionary::ProtectionDomain_klass(), m);
1172 }
1173
1174 // The folowing is initializing converter functions for serialization in
1175 // JVM.cpp. If we clean up the StrictMath code above we may want to find
1176 // a better solution for this as well.
1177 initialize_converter_functions();
1178
1179 // This needs to be done before the first scavenge/gc, since
1180 // it's an input to soft ref clearing policy.
1181 {
1182 MutexLocker x(Heap_lock);
1183 Universe::update_heap_info_at_gc();
1184 }
1185
1186 // ("weak") refs processing infrastructure initialization
1187 Universe::heap()->post_initialize();
1188
1189 // Initialize performance counters for metaspaces
1190 MetaspaceCounters::initialize_performance_counters();
1191 CompressedClassSpaceCounters::initialize_performance_counters();
1192
1193 MemoryService::add_metaspace_memory_pools();
1194
1195 MemoryService::set_universe_heap(Universe::_collectedHeap);
1196 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1197 if (UseSharedSpaces) {
1198 SharedClassUtil::initialize(CHECK_false);
1199 }
1200 #endif
1201 return true;
1202 }
1203
1204
1205 void Universe::compute_base_vtable_size() {
1206 _base_vtable_size = ClassLoader::compute_Object_vtable();
1207 }
1208
1209
1210 // %%% The Universe::flush_foo methods belong in CodeCache.
1211
1212 // Flushes compiled methods dependent on dependee.
1213 void Universe::flush_dependents_on(instanceKlassHandle dependee) {
1214 assert_lock_strong(Compile_lock);
1215
1216 if (CodeCache::number_of_nmethods_with_dependencies() == 0) return;
1217
1218 // CodeCache can only be updated by a thread_in_VM and they will all be
1219 // stopped dring the safepoint so CodeCache will be safe to update without
1220 // holding the CodeCache_lock.
1221
1222 KlassDepChange changes(dependee);
1223
1224 // Compute the dependent nmethods
1225 if (CodeCache::mark_for_deoptimization(changes) > 0) {
1226 // At least one nmethod has been marked for deoptimization
1227 VM_Deoptimize op;
1228 VMThread::execute(&op);
1229 }
1230 }
1231
1232 // Flushes compiled methods dependent on a particular CallSite
1233 // instance when its target is different than the given MethodHandle.
1234 void Universe::flush_dependents_on(Handle call_site, Handle method_handle) {
1235 assert_lock_strong(Compile_lock);
1236
1237 if (CodeCache::number_of_nmethods_with_dependencies() == 0) return;
1238
1239 // CodeCache can only be updated by a thread_in_VM and they will all be
1240 // stopped dring the safepoint so CodeCache will be safe to update without
1241 // holding the CodeCache_lock.
1242
1243 CallSiteDepChange changes(call_site(), method_handle());
1244
1245 // Compute the dependent nmethods that have a reference to a
1246 // CallSite object. We use InstanceKlass::mark_dependent_nmethod
1247 // directly instead of CodeCache::mark_for_deoptimization because we
1248 // want dependents on the call site class only not all classes in
1249 // the ContextStream.
1250 int marked = 0;
1251 {
1252 MutexLockerEx mu(CodeCache_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1253 InstanceKlass* call_site_klass = InstanceKlass::cast(call_site->klass());
1254 marked = call_site_klass->mark_dependent_nmethods(changes);
1255 }
1256 if (marked > 0) {
1257 // At least one nmethod has been marked for deoptimization
1258 VM_Deoptimize op;
1259 VMThread::execute(&op);
1260 }
1261 }
1262
1263 #ifdef HOTSWAP
1264 // Flushes compiled methods dependent on dependee in the evolutionary sense
1265 void Universe::flush_evol_dependents_on(instanceKlassHandle ev_k_h) {
1266 // --- Compile_lock is not held. However we are at a safepoint.
1267 assert_locked_or_safepoint(Compile_lock);
1268 if (CodeCache::number_of_nmethods_with_dependencies() == 0) return;
1269
1270 // CodeCache can only be updated by a thread_in_VM and they will all be
1271 // stopped dring the safepoint so CodeCache will be safe to update without
1272 // holding the CodeCache_lock.
1273
1274 // Compute the dependent nmethods
1275 if (CodeCache::mark_for_evol_deoptimization(ev_k_h) > 0) {
1276 // At least one nmethod has been marked for deoptimization
1277
1278 // All this already happens inside a VM_Operation, so we'll do all the work here.
1279 // Stuff copied from VM_Deoptimize and modified slightly.
1280
1281 // We do not want any GCs to happen while we are in the middle of this VM operation
1282 ResourceMark rm;
1283 DeoptimizationMarker dm;
1284
1285 // Deoptimize all activations depending on marked nmethods
1286 Deoptimization::deoptimize_dependents();
1287
1288 // Make the dependent methods not entrant (in VM_Deoptimize they are made zombies)
1289 CodeCache::make_marked_nmethods_not_entrant();
1290 }
1291 }
1292 #endif // HOTSWAP
1293
1294
1295 // Flushes compiled methods dependent on dependee
1296 void Universe::flush_dependents_on_method(methodHandle m_h) {
1297 // --- Compile_lock is not held. However we are at a safepoint.
1298 assert_locked_or_safepoint(Compile_lock);
1299
1300 // CodeCache can only be updated by a thread_in_VM and they will all be
1301 // stopped dring the safepoint so CodeCache will be safe to update without
1302 // holding the CodeCache_lock.
1303
1304 // Compute the dependent nmethods
1305 if (CodeCache::mark_for_deoptimization(m_h()) > 0) {
1306 // At least one nmethod has been marked for deoptimization
1307
1308 // All this already happens inside a VM_Operation, so we'll do all the work here.
1309 // Stuff copied from VM_Deoptimize and modified slightly.
1310
1311 // We do not want any GCs to happen while we are in the middle of this VM operation
1312 ResourceMark rm;
1313 DeoptimizationMarker dm;
1314
1315 // Deoptimize all activations depending on marked nmethods
1316 Deoptimization::deoptimize_dependents();
1317
1318 // Make the dependent methods not entrant (in VM_Deoptimize they are made zombies)
1319 CodeCache::make_marked_nmethods_not_entrant();
1320 }
1321 }
1322
1323 void Universe::print() {
1324 print_on(gclog_or_tty);
1325 }
1326
1327 void Universe::print_on(outputStream* st, bool extended) {
1328 st->print_cr("Heap");
1329 if (!extended) {
1330 heap()->print_on(st);
1331 } else {
1332 heap()->print_extended_on(st);
1333 }
1334 }
1335
1336 void Universe::print_heap_at_SIGBREAK() {
1337 if (PrintHeapAtSIGBREAK) {
1338 MutexLocker hl(Heap_lock);
1339 print_on(tty);
1340 tty->cr();
1341 tty->flush();
1342 }
1343 }
1344
1345 void Universe::print_heap_before_gc(outputStream* st, bool ignore_extended) {
1346 st->print_cr("{Heap before GC invocations=%u (full %u):",
1347 heap()->total_collections(),
1348 heap()->total_full_collections());
1349 if (!PrintHeapAtGCExtended || ignore_extended) {
1350 heap()->print_on(st);
1351 } else {
1352 heap()->print_extended_on(st);
1353 }
1354 }
1355
1356 void Universe::print_heap_after_gc(outputStream* st, bool ignore_extended) {
1357 st->print_cr("Heap after GC invocations=%u (full %u):",
1358 heap()->total_collections(),
1359 heap()->total_full_collections());
1360 if (!PrintHeapAtGCExtended || ignore_extended) {
1361 heap()->print_on(st);
1362 } else {
1363 heap()->print_extended_on(st);
1364 }
1365 st->print_cr("}");
1366 }
1367
1368 void Universe::initialize_verify_flags() {
1369 verify_flags = 0;
1370 const char delimiter[] = " ,";
1371
1372 size_t length = strlen(VerifySubSet);
1373 char* subset_list = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length + 1, mtInternal);
1374 strncpy(subset_list, VerifySubSet, length + 1);
1375
1376 char* token = strtok(subset_list, delimiter);
1377 while (token != NULL) {
1378 if (strcmp(token, "threads") == 0) {
1379 verify_flags |= Verify_Threads;
1380 } else if (strcmp(token, "heap") == 0) {
1381 verify_flags |= Verify_Heap;
1382 } else if (strcmp(token, "symbol_table") == 0) {
1383 verify_flags |= Verify_SymbolTable;
1384 } else if (strcmp(token, "string_table") == 0) {
1385 verify_flags |= Verify_StringTable;
1386 } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache") == 0) {
1387 verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCache;
1388 } else if (strcmp(token, "dictionary") == 0) {
1389 verify_flags |= Verify_SystemDictionary;
1390 } else if (strcmp(token, "classloader_data_graph") == 0) {
1391 verify_flags |= Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph;
1392 } else if (strcmp(token, "metaspace") == 0) {
1393 verify_flags |= Verify_MetaspaceAux;
1394 } else if (strcmp(token, "jni_handles") == 0) {
1395 verify_flags |= Verify_JNIHandles;
1396 } else if (strcmp(token, "c-heap") == 0) {
1397 verify_flags |= Verify_CHeap;
1398 } else if (strcmp(token, "codecache_oops") == 0) {
1399 verify_flags |= Verify_CodeCacheOops;
1400 } else {
1401 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("VerifySubSet: \'%s\' memory sub-system is unknown, please correct it", token));
1402 }
1403 token = strtok(NULL, delimiter);
1404 }
1405 FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, subset_list, mtInternal);
1406 }
1407
1408 bool Universe::should_verify_subset(uint subset) {
1409 if (verify_flags & subset) {
1410 return true;
1411 }
1412 return false;
1413 }
1414
1415 void Universe::verify(VerifyOption option, const char* prefix, bool silent) {
1416 // The use of _verify_in_progress is a temporary work around for
1417 // 6320749. Don't bother with a creating a class to set and clear
1418 // it since it is only used in this method and the control flow is
1419 // straight forward.
1420 _verify_in_progress = true;
1421
1422 COMPILER2_PRESENT(
1423 assert(!DerivedPointerTable::is_active(),
1424 "DPT should not be active during verification "
1425 "(of thread stacks below)");
1426 )
1427
1428 ResourceMark rm;
1429 HandleMark hm; // Handles created during verification can be zapped
1430 _verify_count++;
1431
1432 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("%s", prefix);
1433 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("[Verifying ");
1434 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Threads)) {
1435 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("Threads ");
1436 Threads::verify();
1437 }
1438 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_Heap)) {
1439 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("Heap ");
1440 heap()->verify(silent, option);
1441 }
1442 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SymbolTable)) {
1443 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("SymbolTable ");
1444 SymbolTable::verify();
1445 }
1446 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_StringTable)) {
1447 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("StringTable ");
1448 StringTable::verify();
1449 }
1450 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCache)) {
1451 {
1452 MutexLockerEx mu(CodeCache_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1453 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("CodeCache ");
1454 CodeCache::verify();
1455 }
1456 }
1457 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_SystemDictionary)) {
1458 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("SystemDictionary ");
1459 SystemDictionary::verify();
1460 }
1461 #ifndef PRODUCT
1462 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_ClassLoaderDataGraph)) {
1463 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("ClassLoaderDataGraph ");
1464 ClassLoaderDataGraph::verify();
1465 }
1466 #endif
1467 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_MetaspaceAux)) {
1468 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("MetaspaceAux ");
1469 MetaspaceAux::verify_free_chunks();
1470 }
1471 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_JNIHandles)) {
1472 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("JNIHandles ");
1473 JNIHandles::verify();
1474 }
1475 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CHeap)) {
1476 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("C-heap ");
1477 os::check_heap();
1478 }
1479 if (should_verify_subset(Verify_CodeCacheOops)) {
1480 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("CodeCache Oops ");
1481 CodeCache::verify_oops();
1482 }
1483 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print_cr("]");
1484
1485 _verify_in_progress = false;
1486 }
1487
1488 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
1489
1490 static uintptr_t _verify_oop_data[2] = {0, (uintptr_t)-1};
1491 static uintptr_t _verify_klass_data[2] = {0, (uintptr_t)-1};
1492
1493
1494 #ifndef PRODUCT
1495
1496 static void calculate_verify_data(uintptr_t verify_data[2],
1497 HeapWord* low_boundary,
1498 HeapWord* high_boundary) {
1499 assert(low_boundary < high_boundary, "bad interval");
1500
1501 // decide which low-order bits we require to be clear:
1502 size_t alignSize = MinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1503 size_t min_object_size = CollectedHeap::min_fill_size();
1504
1505 // make an inclusive limit:
1506 uintptr_t max = (uintptr_t)high_boundary - min_object_size*wordSize;
1507 uintptr_t min = (uintptr_t)low_boundary;
1508 assert(min < max, "bad interval");
1509 uintptr_t diff = max ^ min;
1510
1511 // throw away enough low-order bits to make the diff vanish
1512 uintptr_t mask = (uintptr_t)(-1);
1513 while ((mask & diff) != 0)
1514 mask <<= 1;
1515 uintptr_t bits = (min & mask);
1516 assert(bits == (max & mask), "correct mask");
1517 // check an intermediate value between min and max, just to make sure:
1518 assert(bits == ((min + (max-min)/2) & mask), "correct mask");
1519
1520 // require address alignment, too:
1521 mask |= (alignSize - 1);
1522
1523 if (!(verify_data[0] == 0 && verify_data[1] == (uintptr_t)-1)) {
1524 assert(verify_data[0] == mask && verify_data[1] == bits, "mask stability");
1525 }
1526 verify_data[0] = mask;
1527 verify_data[1] = bits;
1528 }
1529
1530 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
1531
1532 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_mask() {
1533 MemRegion m = heap()->reserved_region();
1534 calculate_verify_data(_verify_oop_data,
1535 m.start(),
1536 m.end());
1537 return _verify_oop_data[0];
1538 }
1539
1540
1541
1542 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_bits() {
1543 verify_oop_mask();
1544 return _verify_oop_data[1];
1545 }
1546
1547 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_mask() {
1548 return markOopDesc::lock_mask_in_place;
1549 }
1550
1551 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_bits() {
1552 intptr_t mask = verify_mark_mask();
1553 intptr_t bits = (intptr_t)markOopDesc::prototype();
1554 assert((bits & ~mask) == 0, "no stray header bits");
1555 return bits;
1556 }
1557 #endif // PRODUCT
1558
1559
1560 void Universe::compute_verify_oop_data() {
1561 verify_oop_mask();
1562 verify_oop_bits();
1563 verify_mark_mask();
1564 verify_mark_bits();
1565 }
1566
1567
1568 void LatestMethodCache::init(Klass* k, Method* m) {
1569 if (!UseSharedSpaces) {
1570 _klass = k;
1571 }
1572 #ifndef PRODUCT
1573 else {
1574 // sharing initilization should have already set up _klass
1575 assert(_klass != NULL, "just checking");
1576 }
1577 #endif
1578
1579 _method_idnum = m->method_idnum();
1580 assert(_method_idnum >= 0, "sanity check");
1581 }
1582
1583
1584 Method* LatestMethodCache::get_method() {
1585 if (klass() == NULL) return NULL;
1586 InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(klass());
1587 Method* m = ik->method_with_idnum(method_idnum());
1588 assert(m != NULL, "sanity check");
1589 return m;
1590 }
1591
1592
1593 #ifdef ASSERT
1594 // Release dummy object(s) at bottom of heap
1595 bool Universe::release_fullgc_alot_dummy() {
1596 MutexLocker ml(FullGCALot_lock);
1597 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_array != NULL) {
1598 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_next >= _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->length()) {
1599 // No more dummies to release, release entire array instead
1600 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = NULL;
1601 return false;
1602 }
1603 if (!UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
1604 // Release dummy at bottom of old generation
1605 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->obj_at_put(_fullgc_alot_dummy_next++, NULL);
1606 }
1607 // Release dummy at bottom of permanent generation
1608 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->obj_at_put(_fullgc_alot_dummy_next++, NULL);
1609 }
1610 return true;
1611 }
1612
1613 #endif // ASSERT