1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "jvm.h"
  27 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/moduleEntry.hpp"
  30 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  31 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  32 #include "gc/shared/collectorPolicy.hpp"
  33 #include "gc/shared/gcArguments.hpp"
  34 #include "gc/shared/gcConfig.hpp"
  35 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  36 #include "logging/logConfiguration.hpp"
  37 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  38 #include "logging/logTag.hpp"
  39 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  40 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
  41 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  42 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  43 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  44 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlag.hpp"
  45 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagConstraintList.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagWriteableList.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/flags/jvmFlagRangeList.hpp"
  48 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  49 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  50 #include "runtime/os.inline.hpp"
  51 #include "runtime/safepoint.hpp"
  52 #include "runtime/safepointMechanism.hpp"
  53 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
  54 #include "services/management.hpp"
  55 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
  56 #include "utilities/align.hpp"
  57 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  58 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  59 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
  60 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
  61 #include "jvmci/jvmciRuntime.hpp"
  62 #endif
  63 #if INCLUDE_JFR
  64 #include "jfr/jfr.hpp"
  65 #endif
  66 
  67 // Note: This is a special bug reporting site for the JVM
  68 #ifdef VENDOR_URL_VM_BUG
  69 # define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG VENDOR_URL_VM_BUG
  70 #else
  71 # define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG "http://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp"
  72 #endif
  73 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER  "generic"
  74 
  75 char*  Arguments::_jvm_flags_file               = NULL;
  76 char** Arguments::_jvm_flags_array              = NULL;
  77 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_flags                = 0;
  78 char** Arguments::_jvm_args_array               = NULL;
  79 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_args                 = 0;
  80 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = NULL;
  81 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = NULL;
  82 const char*  Arguments::_gc_log_filename        = NULL;
  83 size_t Arguments::_conservative_max_heap_alignment = 0;
  84 size_t Arguments::_min_heap_size                = 0;
  85 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
  86 bool   Arguments::_java_compiler                = false;
  87 bool   Arguments::_xdebug_mode                  = false;
  88 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG;
  89 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
  90 int    Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_pid        = -1;
  91 bool   Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm  = false;
  92 
  93 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args()
  94 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
  95 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
  96 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
  97 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
  98 intx   Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog     = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
  99 intx   Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold     = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
 100 
 101 bool   Arguments::_enable_preview               = false;
 102 
 103 char*  Arguments::SharedArchivePath             = NULL;
 104 
 105 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_libraryList;
 106 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_agentList;
 107 
 108 // These are not set by the JDK's built-in launchers, but they can be set by
 109 // programs that embed the JVM using JNI_CreateJavaVM. See comments around
 110 // JavaVMOption in jni.h.
 111 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = NULL;
 112 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = NULL;
 113 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = NULL;
 114 
 115 
 116 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = NULL;
 117 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = NULL;
 118 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = NULL;
 119 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = NULL;
 120 SystemProperty *Arguments::_jdk_boot_class_path_append = NULL;
 121 SystemProperty *Arguments::_vm_info = NULL;
 122 
 123 GrowableArray<ModulePatchPath*> *Arguments::_patch_mod_prefix = NULL;
 124 PathString *Arguments::_system_boot_class_path = NULL;
 125 bool Arguments::_has_jimage = false;
 126 
 127 char* Arguments::_ext_dirs = NULL;
 128 
 129 bool PathString::set_value(const char *value) {
 130   if (_value != NULL) {
 131     FreeHeap(_value);
 132   }
 133   _value = AllocateHeap(strlen(value)+1, mtArguments);
 134   assert(_value != NULL, "Unable to allocate space for new path value");
 135   if (_value != NULL) {
 136     strcpy(_value, value);
 137   } else {
 138     // not able to allocate
 139     return false;
 140   }
 141   return true;
 142 }
 143 
 144 void PathString::append_value(const char *value) {
 145   char *sp;
 146   size_t len = 0;
 147   if (value != NULL) {
 148     len = strlen(value);
 149     if (_value != NULL) {
 150       len += strlen(_value);
 151     }
 152     sp = AllocateHeap(len+2, mtArguments);
 153     assert(sp != NULL, "Unable to allocate space for new append path value");
 154     if (sp != NULL) {
 155       if (_value != NULL) {
 156         strcpy(sp, _value);
 157         strcat(sp, os::path_separator());
 158         strcat(sp, value);
 159         FreeHeap(_value);
 160       } else {
 161         strcpy(sp, value);
 162       }
 163       _value = sp;
 164     }
 165   }
 166 }
 167 
 168 PathString::PathString(const char* value) {
 169   if (value == NULL) {
 170     _value = NULL;
 171   } else {
 172     _value = AllocateHeap(strlen(value)+1, mtArguments);
 173     strcpy(_value, value);
 174   }
 175 }
 176 
 177 PathString::~PathString() {
 178   if (_value != NULL) {
 179     FreeHeap(_value);
 180     _value = NULL;
 181   }
 182 }
 183 
 184 ModulePatchPath::ModulePatchPath(const char* module_name, const char* path) {
 185   assert(module_name != NULL && path != NULL, "Invalid module name or path value");
 186   size_t len = strlen(module_name) + 1;
 187   _module_name = AllocateHeap(len, mtInternal);
 188   strncpy(_module_name, module_name, len); // copy the trailing null
 189   _path =  new PathString(path);
 190 }
 191 
 192 ModulePatchPath::~ModulePatchPath() {
 193   if (_module_name != NULL) {
 194     FreeHeap(_module_name);
 195     _module_name = NULL;
 196   }
 197   if (_path != NULL) {
 198     delete _path;
 199     _path = NULL;
 200   }
 201 }
 202 
 203 SystemProperty::SystemProperty(const char* key, const char* value, bool writeable, bool internal) : PathString(value) {
 204   if (key == NULL) {
 205     _key = NULL;
 206   } else {
 207     _key = AllocateHeap(strlen(key)+1, mtArguments);
 208     strcpy(_key, key);
 209   }
 210   _next = NULL;
 211   _internal = internal;
 212   _writeable = writeable;
 213 }
 214 
 215 AgentLibrary::AgentLibrary(const char* name, const char* options,
 216                bool is_absolute_path, void* os_lib,
 217                bool instrument_lib) {
 218   _name = AllocateHeap(strlen(name)+1, mtArguments);
 219   strcpy(_name, name);
 220   if (options == NULL) {
 221     _options = NULL;
 222   } else {
 223     _options = AllocateHeap(strlen(options)+1, mtArguments);
 224     strcpy(_options, options);
 225   }
 226   _is_absolute_path = is_absolute_path;
 227   _os_lib = os_lib;
 228   _next = NULL;
 229   _state = agent_invalid;
 230   _is_static_lib = false;
 231   _is_instrument_lib = instrument_lib;
 232 }
 233 
 234 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' to the remaining
 235 // part of the option string.
 236 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
 237                          const char** tail) {
 238   size_t len = strlen(name);
 239   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
 240     *tail = option->optionString + len;
 241     return true;
 242   } else {
 243     return false;
 244   }
 245 }
 246 
 247 // Check if 'option' matches 'name'. No "tail" is allowed.
 248 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name) {
 249   const char* tail = NULL;
 250   bool result = match_option(option, name, &tail);
 251   if (tail != NULL && *tail == '\0') {
 252     return result;
 253   } else {
 254     return false;
 255   }
 256 }
 257 
 258 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
 259 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
 260 // the option must match exactly.
 261 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
 262   bool tail_allowed) {
 263   for (/* empty */; *names != NULL; ++names) {
 264   if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
 265       if (**tail == '\0' || (tail_allowed && **tail == ':')) {
 266         return true;
 267       }
 268     }
 269   }
 270   return false;
 271 }
 272 
 273 #if INCLUDE_JFR
 274 // return true on failure
 275 static bool match_jfr_option(const JavaVMOption** option) {
 276   assert((*option)->optionString != NULL, "invariant");
 277   char* tail = NULL;
 278   if (match_option(*option, "-XX:StartFlightRecording", (const char**)&tail)) {
 279     return Jfr::on_start_flight_recording_option(option, tail);
 280   } else if (match_option(*option, "-XX:FlightRecorderOptions", (const char**)&tail)) {
 281     return Jfr::on_flight_recorder_option(option, tail);
 282   }
 283   return false;
 284 }
 285 #endif
 286 
 287 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
 288   if (PrintVMOptions) {
 289     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
 290   }
 291 }
 292 
 293 bool needs_module_property_warning = false;
 294 
 295 #define MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX "jdk.module."
 296 #define MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN 11
 297 #define ADDEXPORTS "addexports"
 298 #define ADDEXPORTS_LEN 10
 299 #define ADDREADS "addreads"
 300 #define ADDREADS_LEN 8
 301 #define ADDOPENS "addopens"
 302 #define ADDOPENS_LEN 8
 303 #define PATCH "patch"
 304 #define PATCH_LEN 5
 305 #define ADDMODS "addmods"
 306 #define ADDMODS_LEN 7
 307 #define LIMITMODS "limitmods"
 308 #define LIMITMODS_LEN 9
 309 #define PATH "path"
 310 #define PATH_LEN 4
 311 #define UPGRADE_PATH "upgrade.path"
 312 #define UPGRADE_PATH_LEN 12
 313 
 314 void Arguments::add_init_library(const char* name, char* options) {
 315   _libraryList.add(new AgentLibrary(name, options, false, NULL));
 316 }
 317 
 318 void Arguments::add_init_agent(const char* name, char* options, bool absolute_path) {
 319   _agentList.add(new AgentLibrary(name, options, absolute_path, NULL));
 320 }
 321 
 322 void Arguments::add_instrument_agent(const char* name, char* options, bool absolute_path) {
 323   _agentList.add(new AgentLibrary(name, options, absolute_path, NULL, true));
 324 }
 325 
 326 // Late-binding agents not started via arguments
 327 void Arguments::add_loaded_agent(AgentLibrary *agentLib) {
 328   _agentList.add(agentLib);
 329 }
 330 
 331 // Return TRUE if option matches 'property', or 'property=', or 'property.'.
 332 static bool matches_property_suffix(const char* option, const char* property, size_t len) {
 333   return ((strncmp(option, property, len) == 0) &&
 334           (option[len] == '=' || option[len] == '.' || option[len] == '\0'));
 335 }
 336 
 337 // Return true if property starts with "jdk.module." and its ensuing chars match
 338 // any of the reserved module properties.
 339 // property should be passed without the leading "-D".
 340 bool Arguments::is_internal_module_property(const char* property) {
 341   assert((strncmp(property, "-D", 2) != 0), "Unexpected leading -D");
 342   if  (strncmp(property, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX, MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN) == 0) {
 343     const char* property_suffix = property + MODULE_PROPERTY_PREFIX_LEN;
 344     if (matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDEXPORTS, ADDEXPORTS_LEN) ||
 345         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDREADS, ADDREADS_LEN) ||
 346         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDOPENS, ADDOPENS_LEN) ||
 347         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, PATCH, PATCH_LEN) ||
 348         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, ADDMODS, ADDMODS_LEN) ||
 349         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, LIMITMODS, LIMITMODS_LEN) ||
 350         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, PATH, PATH_LEN) ||
 351         matches_property_suffix(property_suffix, UPGRADE_PATH, UPGRADE_PATH_LEN)) {
 352       return true;
 353     }
 354   }
 355   return false;
 356 }
 357 
 358 // Process java launcher properties.
 359 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 360   // See if sun.java.launcher, sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm or
 361   // sun.java.launcher.pid is defined.
 362   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 363   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 364   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 365     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 366     const char* tail;
 367 
 368     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 369       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 370       continue;
 371     }
 372     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.is_altjvm=", &tail)) {
 373       if (strcmp(tail, "true") == 0) {
 374         _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm = true;
 375       }
 376       continue;
 377     }
 378     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.pid=", &tail)) {
 379       _sun_java_launcher_pid = atoi(tail);
 380       continue;
 381     }
 382   }
 383 }
 384 
 385 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 386 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 387 
 388   // Set up _system_boot_class_path which is not a property but
 389   // relies heavily on argument processing and the jdk.boot.class.path.append
 390   // property. It is used to store the underlying system boot class path.
 391   _system_boot_class_path = new PathString(NULL);
 392 
 393   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 394                                                            "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 395   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 396   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 397   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("jdk.debug", VM_Version::jdk_debug_level(),  false));
 398 
 399   // Initialize the vm.info now, but it will need updating after argument parsing.
 400   _vm_info = new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(), true);
 401 
 402   // Following are JVMTI agent writable properties.
 403   // Properties values are set to NULL and they are
 404   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 405   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", NULL,  true);
 406   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", NULL,  true);
 407   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", NULL,  true);
 408   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 409   // jdk.boot.class.path.append is a non-writeable, internal property.
 410   // It can only be set by either:
 411   //    - -Xbootclasspath/a:
 412   //    - AddToBootstrapClassLoaderSearch during JVMTI OnLoad phase
 413   _jdk_boot_class_path_append = new SystemProperty("jdk.boot.class.path.append", "", false, true);
 414 
 415   // Add to System Property list.
 416   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 417   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 418   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 419   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 420   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _jdk_boot_class_path_append);
 421   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _vm_info);
 422 
 423   // Set OS specific system properties values
 424   os::init_system_properties_values();
 425 }
 426 
 427 // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
 428 void Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties() {
 429   enum { bufsz = 16 };
 430   char buffer[bufsz];
 431   const char* spec_vendor = "Oracle Corporation";
 432   uint32_t spec_version = JDK_Version::current().major_version();
 433 
 434   jio_snprintf(buffer, bufsz, UINT32_FORMAT, spec_version);
 435 
 436   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 437       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",  spec_vendor, false));
 438   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 439       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", buffer, false));
 440   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 441       new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 442 }
 443 
 444 /*
 445  *  -XX argument processing:
 446  *
 447  *  -XX arguments are defined in several places, such as:
 448  *      globals.hpp, globals_<cpu>.hpp, globals_<os>.hpp, <compiler>_globals.hpp, or <gc>_globals.hpp.
 449  *  -XX arguments are parsed in parse_argument().
 450  *  -XX argument bounds checking is done in check_vm_args_consistency().
 451  *
 452  * Over time -XX arguments may change. There are mechanisms to handle common cases:
 453  *
 454  *      ALIASED: An option that is simply another name for another option. This is often
 455  *               part of the process of deprecating a flag, but not all aliases need
 456  *               to be deprecated.
 457  *
 458  *               Create an alias for an option by adding the old and new option names to the
 459  *               "aliased_jvm_flags" table. Delete the old variable from globals.hpp (etc).
 460  *
 461  *   DEPRECATED: An option that is supported, but a warning is printed to let the user know that
 462  *               support may be removed in the future. Both regular and aliased options may be
 463  *               deprecated.
 464  *
 465  *               Add a deprecation warning for an option (or alias) by adding an entry in the
 466  *               "special_jvm_flags" table and setting the "deprecated_in" field.
 467  *               Often an option "deprecated" in one major release will
 468  *               be made "obsolete" in the next. In this case the entry should also have its
 469  *               "obsolete_in" field set.
 470  *
 471  *     OBSOLETE: An option that has been removed (and deleted from globals.hpp), but is still accepted
 472  *               on the command line. A warning is printed to let the user know that option might not
 473  *               be accepted in the future.
 474  *
 475  *               Add an obsolete warning for an option by adding an entry in the "special_jvm_flags"
 476  *               table and setting the "obsolete_in" field.
 477  *
 478  *      EXPIRED: A deprecated or obsolete option that has an "accept_until" version less than or equal
 479  *               to the current JDK version. The system will flatly refuse to admit the existence of
 480  *               the flag. This allows a flag to die automatically over JDK releases.
 481  *
 482  *               Note that manual cleanup of expired options should be done at major JDK version upgrades:
 483  *                  - Newly expired options should be removed from the special_jvm_flags and aliased_jvm_flags tables.
 484  *                  - Newly obsolete or expired deprecated options should have their global variable
 485  *                    definitions removed (from globals.hpp, etc) and related implementations removed.
 486  *
 487  * Recommended approach for removing options:
 488  *
 489  * To remove options commonly used by customers (e.g. product -XX options), use
 490  * the 3-step model adding major release numbers to the deprecate, obsolete and expire columns.
 491  *
 492  * To remove internal options (e.g. diagnostic, experimental, develop options), use
 493  * a 2-step model adding major release numbers to the obsolete and expire columns.
 494  *
 495  * To change the name of an option, use the alias table as well as a 2-step
 496  * model adding major release numbers to the deprecate and expire columns.
 497  * Think twice about aliasing commonly used customer options.
 498  *
 499  * There are times when it is appropriate to leave a future release number as undefined.
 500  *
 501  * Tests:  Aliases should be tested in VMAliasOptions.java.
 502  *         Deprecated options should be tested in VMDeprecatedOptions.java.
 503  */
 504 
 505 // The special_jvm_flags table declares options that are being deprecated and/or obsoleted. The
 506 // "deprecated_in" or "obsolete_in" fields may be set to "undefined", but not both.
 507 // When the JDK version reaches 'deprecated_in' limit, the JVM will process this flag on
 508 // the command-line as usual, but will issue a warning.
 509 // When the JDK version reaches 'obsolete_in' limit, the JVM will continue accepting this flag on
 510 // the command-line, while issuing a warning and ignoring the flag value.
 511 // Once the JDK version reaches 'expired_in' limit, the JVM will flatly refuse to admit the
 512 // existence of the flag.
 513 //
 514 // MANUAL CLEANUP ON JDK VERSION UPDATES:
 515 // This table ensures that the handling of options will update automatically when the JDK
 516 // version is incremented, but the source code needs to be cleanup up manually:
 517 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" or "expired" options, the associated "globals"
 518 //   variable should be removed, as well as users of the variable.
 519 // - As "deprecated" options age into "obsolete" options, move the entry into the
 520 //   "Obsolete Flags" section of the table.
 521 // - All expired options should be removed from the table.
 522 static SpecialFlag const special_jvm_flags[] = {
 523   // -------------- Deprecated Flags --------------
 524   // --- Non-alias flags - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 525   { "MaxGCMinorPauseMillis",        JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 526   { "UseConcMarkSweepGC",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 527   { "MaxRAMFraction",               JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 528   { "MinRAMFraction",               JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 529   { "InitialRAMFraction",           JDK_Version::jdk(10),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 530   { "UseMembar",                    JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::jdk(12), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 531 
 532   // --- Deprecated alias flags (see also aliased_jvm_flags) - sorted by obsolete_in then expired_in:
 533   { "DefaultMaxRAMFraction",        JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 534   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",        JDK_Version::jdk(9),  JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 535   { "TLABStats",                    JDK_Version::jdk(12), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 536 
 537   // -------------- Obsolete Flags - sorted by expired_in --------------
 538   { "PermSize",                      JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::undefined() },
 539   { "MaxPermSize",                   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8),  JDK_Version::undefined() },
 540   { "SharedReadWriteSize",           JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 541   { "SharedReadOnlySize",            JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 542   { "SharedMiscDataSize",            JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 543   { "SharedMiscCodeSize",            JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(10), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 544   { "UseImplicitStableValues",       JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(13), JDK_Version::jdk(14) },
 545 
 546 #ifdef TEST_VERIFY_SPECIAL_JVM_FLAGS
 547   { "dep > obs",                    JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 548   { "dep > exp ",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 549   { "obs > exp ",                   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(8) },
 550   { "not deprecated or obsolete",   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9) },
 551   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 552   { "dup option",                   JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 553   { "BytecodeVerificationRemote",   JDK_Version::undefined(), JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::undefined() },
 554 #endif
 555 
 556   { NULL, JDK_Version(0), JDK_Version(0) }
 557 };
 558 
 559 // Flags that are aliases for other flags.
 560 typedef struct {
 561   const char* alias_name;
 562   const char* real_name;
 563 } AliasedFlag;
 564 
 565 static AliasedFlag const aliased_jvm_flags[] = {
 566   { "DefaultMaxRAMFraction",    "MaxRAMFraction"    },
 567   { "CreateMinidumpOnCrash",    "CreateCoredumpOnCrash" },
 568   { NULL, NULL}
 569 };
 570 
 571 // NOTE: A compatibility request will be necessary for each alias to be removed.
 572 static AliasedLoggingFlag const aliased_logging_flags[] = {
 573   { "PrintCompressedOopsMode",   LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(gc, heap, coops) },
 574   { "PrintSharedSpaces",         LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(cds) },
 575   { "TraceBiasedLocking",        LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(biasedlocking) },
 576   { "TraceClassLoading",         LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, load) },
 577   { "TraceClassLoadingPreorder", LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(class, preorder) },
 578   { "TraceClassPaths",           LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, path) },
 579   { "TraceClassResolution",      LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(class, resolve) },
 580   { "TraceClassUnloading",       LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, unload) },
 581   { "TraceExceptions",           LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(exceptions) },
 582   { "TraceLoaderConstraints",    LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(class, loader, constraints) },
 583   { "TraceMonitorInflation",     LogLevel::Trace, true,  LOG_TAGS(monitorinflation) },
 584   { "TraceSafepointCleanupTime", LogLevel::Info,  true,  LOG_TAGS(safepoint, cleanup) },
 585   { "TraceJVMTIObjectTagging",   LogLevel::Debug, true,  LOG_TAGS(jvmti, objecttagging) },
 586   { "TraceRedefineClasses",      LogLevel::Info,  false, LOG_TAGS(redefine, class) },
 587   { NULL,                        LogLevel::Off,   false, LOG_TAGS(_NO_TAG) }
 588 };
 589 
 590 #ifndef PRODUCT
 591 // These options are removed in jdk9. Remove this code for jdk10.
 592 static AliasedFlag const removed_develop_logging_flags[] = {
 593   { "TraceClassInitialization",   "-Xlog:class+init" },
 594   { "TraceClassLoaderData",       "-Xlog:class+loader+data" },
 595   { "TraceDefaultMethods",        "-Xlog:defaultmethods=debug" },
 596   { "TraceItables",               "-Xlog:itables=debug" },
 597   { "TraceMonitorMismatch",       "-Xlog:monitormismatch=info" },
 598   { "TraceSafepoint",             "-Xlog:safepoint=debug" },
 599   { "TraceStartupTime",           "-Xlog:startuptime" },
 600   { "TraceVMOperation",           "-Xlog:vmoperation=debug" },
 601   { "PrintVtables",               "-Xlog:vtables=debug" },
 602   { "VerboseVerification",        "-Xlog:verification" },
 603   { NULL, NULL }
 604 };
 605 #endif //PRODUCT
 606 
 607 // Return true if "v" is less than "other", where "other" may be "undefined".
 608 static bool version_less_than(JDK_Version v, JDK_Version other) {
 609   assert(!v.is_undefined(), "must be defined");
 610   if (!other.is_undefined() && v.compare(other) >= 0) {
 611     return false;
 612   } else {
 613     return true;
 614   }
 615 }
 616 
 617 extern bool lookup_special_flag_ext(const char *flag_name, SpecialFlag& flag);
 618 
 619 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, SpecialFlag& flag) {
 620   // Allow extensions to have priority
 621   if (lookup_special_flag_ext(flag_name, flag)) {
 622     return true;
 623   }
 624 
 625   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 626     if ((strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 627       flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 628       return true;
 629     }
 630   }
 631   return false;
 632 }
 633 
 634 bool Arguments::is_obsolete_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 635   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 636   SpecialFlag flag;
 637   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 638     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 639       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in)) {
 640         *version = flag.obsolete_in;
 641         return true;
 642       }
 643     }
 644   }
 645   return false;
 646 }
 647 
 648 int Arguments::is_deprecated_flag(const char *flag_name, JDK_Version* version) {
 649   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 650   SpecialFlag flag;
 651   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
 652     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 653       if (version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in) &&
 654           version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 655         *version = flag.deprecated_in;
 656         return 1;
 657       } else {
 658         return -1;
 659       }
 660     }
 661   }
 662   return 0;
 663 }
 664 
 665 #ifndef PRODUCT
 666 const char* Arguments::removed_develop_logging_flag_name(const char* name){
 667   for (size_t i = 0; removed_develop_logging_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
 668     const AliasedFlag& flag = removed_develop_logging_flags[i];
 669     if (strcmp(flag.alias_name, name) == 0) {
 670       return flag.real_name;
 671     }
 672   }
 673   return NULL;
 674 }
 675 #endif // PRODUCT
 676 
 677 const char* Arguments::real_flag_name(const char *flag_name) {
 678   for (size_t i = 0; aliased_jvm_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
 679     const AliasedFlag& flag_status = aliased_jvm_flags[i];
 680     if (strcmp(flag_status.alias_name, flag_name) == 0) {
 681         return flag_status.real_name;
 682     }
 683   }
 684   return flag_name;
 685 }
 686 
 687 #ifdef ASSERT
 688 static bool lookup_special_flag(const char *flag_name, size_t skip_index) {
 689   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 690     if ((i != skip_index) && (strcmp(special_jvm_flags[i].name, flag_name) == 0)) {
 691       return true;
 692     }
 693   }
 694   return false;
 695 }
 696 
 697 // Verifies the correctness of the entries in the special_jvm_flags table.
 698 // If there is a semantic error (i.e. a bug in the table) such as the obsoletion
 699 // version being earlier than the deprecation version, then a warning is issued
 700 // and verification fails - by returning false. If it is detected that the table
 701 // is out of date, with respect to the current version, then a warning is issued
 702 // but verification does not fail. This allows the VM to operate when the version
 703 // is first updated, without needing to update all the impacted flags at the
 704 // same time.
 705 static bool verify_special_jvm_flags() {
 706   bool success = true;
 707   for (size_t i = 0; special_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL; i++) {
 708     const SpecialFlag& flag = special_jvm_flags[i];
 709     if (lookup_special_flag(flag.name, i)) {
 710       warning("Duplicate special flag declaration \"%s\"", flag.name);
 711       success = false;
 712     }
 713     if (flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined() &&
 714         flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 715       warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must declare version deprecated and/or obsoleted in.", flag.name);
 716       success = false;
 717     }
 718 
 719     if (!flag.deprecated_in.is_undefined()) {
 720       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.obsolete_in)) {
 721         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before obsoleted.", flag.name);
 722         success = false;
 723       }
 724 
 725       if (!version_less_than(flag.deprecated_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 726         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be deprecated before expired.", flag.name);
 727         success = false;
 728       }
 729     }
 730 
 731     if (!flag.obsolete_in.is_undefined()) {
 732       if (!version_less_than(flag.obsolete_in, flag.expired_in)) {
 733         warning("Special flag entry \"%s\" must be obsoleted before expired.", flag.name);
 734         success = false;
 735       }
 736 
 737       // if flag has become obsolete it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 738       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.obsolete_in)) {
 739         if (JVMFlag::find_flag(flag.name) != NULL) {
 740           // Temporarily disable the warning: 8196739
 741           // warning("Global variable for obsolete special flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 742         }
 743       }
 744     }
 745 
 746     if (!flag.expired_in.is_undefined()) {
 747       // if flag has become expired it should not have a "globals" flag defined anymore.
 748       if (!version_less_than(JDK_Version::current(), flag.expired_in)) {
 749         if (JVMFlag::find_flag(flag.name) != NULL) {
 750           // Temporarily disable the warning: 8196739
 751           // warning("Global variable for expired flag entry \"%s\" should be removed", flag.name);
 752         }
 753       }
 754     }
 755 
 756   }
 757   return success;
 758 }
 759 #endif
 760 
 761 // Parses a size specification string.
 762 bool Arguments::atojulong(const char *s, julong* result) {
 763   julong n = 0;
 764 
 765   // First char must be a digit. Don't allow negative numbers or leading spaces.
 766   if (!isdigit(*s)) {
 767     return false;
 768   }
 769 
 770   bool is_hex = (s[0] == '0' && (s[1] == 'x' || s[1] == 'X'));
 771   char* remainder;
 772   errno = 0;
 773   n = strtoull(s, &remainder, (is_hex ? 16 : 10));
 774   if (errno != 0) {
 775     return false;
 776   }
 777 
 778   // Fail if no number was read at all or if the remainder contains more than a single non-digit character.
 779   if (remainder == s || strlen(remainder) > 1) {
 780     return false;
 781   }
 782 
 783   switch (*remainder) {
 784     case 'T': case 't':
 785       *result = n * G * K;
 786       // Check for overflow.
 787       if (*result/((julong)G * K) != n) return false;
 788       return true;
 789     case 'G': case 'g':
 790       *result = n * G;
 791       if (*result/G != n) return false;
 792       return true;
 793     case 'M': case 'm':
 794       *result = n * M;
 795       if (*result/M != n) return false;
 796       return true;
 797     case 'K': case 'k':
 798       *result = n * K;
 799       if (*result/K != n) return false;
 800       return true;
 801     case '\0':
 802       *result = n;
 803       return true;
 804     default:
 805       return false;
 806   }
 807 }
 808 
 809 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(julong size, julong min_size, julong max_size) {
 810   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 811   if (size > max_size) return arg_too_big;
 812   return arg_in_range;
 813 }
 814 
 815 // Describe an argument out of range error
 816 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 817   switch(errcode) {
 818   case arg_too_big:
 819     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 820                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 821                 "representable size.\n");
 822     break;
 823   case arg_too_small:
 824   case arg_unreadable:
 825   case arg_in_range:
 826     // do nothing for now
 827     break;
 828   default:
 829     ShouldNotReachHere();
 830   }
 831 }
 832 
 833 static bool set_bool_flag(const char* name, bool value, JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
 834   if (JVMFlag::boolAtPut(name, &value, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
 835     return true;
 836   } else {
 837     return false;
 838   }
 839 }
 840 
 841 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(const char* name, char* value, JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
 842   char* end;
 843   errno = 0;
 844   double v = strtod(value, &end);
 845   if ((errno != 0) || (*end != 0)) {
 846     return false;
 847   }
 848 
 849   if (JVMFlag::doubleAtPut(name, &v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
 850     return true;
 851   }
 852   return false;
 853 }
 854 
 855 static bool set_numeric_flag(const char* name, char* value, JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
 856   julong v;
 857   int int_v;
 858   intx intx_v;
 859   bool is_neg = false;
 860   JVMFlag* result = JVMFlag::find_flag(name, strlen(name));
 861 
 862   if (result == NULL) {
 863     return false;
 864   }
 865 
 866   // Check the sign first since atojulong() parses only unsigned values.
 867   if (*value == '-') {
 868     if (!result->is_intx() && !result->is_int()) {
 869       return false;
 870     }
 871     value++;
 872     is_neg = true;
 873   }
 874   if (!Arguments::atojulong(value, &v)) {
 875     return false;
 876   }
 877   if (result->is_int()) {
 878     int_v = (int) v;
 879     if (is_neg) {
 880       int_v = -int_v;
 881     }
 882     return JVMFlag::intAtPut(result, &int_v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 883   } else if (result->is_uint()) {
 884     uint uint_v = (uint) v;
 885     return JVMFlag::uintAtPut(result, &uint_v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 886   } else if (result->is_intx()) {
 887     intx_v = (intx) v;
 888     if (is_neg) {
 889       intx_v = -intx_v;
 890     }
 891     return JVMFlag::intxAtPut(result, &intx_v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 892   } else if (result->is_uintx()) {
 893     uintx uintx_v = (uintx) v;
 894     return JVMFlag::uintxAtPut(result, &uintx_v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 895   } else if (result->is_uint64_t()) {
 896     uint64_t uint64_t_v = (uint64_t) v;
 897     return JVMFlag::uint64_tAtPut(result, &uint64_t_v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 898   } else if (result->is_size_t()) {
 899     size_t size_t_v = (size_t) v;
 900     return JVMFlag::size_tAtPut(result, &size_t_v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 901   } else if (result->is_double()) {
 902     double double_v = (double) v;
 903     return JVMFlag::doubleAtPut(result, &double_v, origin) == JVMFlag::SUCCESS;
 904   } else {
 905     return false;
 906   }
 907 }
 908 
 909 static bool set_string_flag(const char* name, const char* value, JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
 910   if (JVMFlag::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) return false;
 911   // Contract:  JVMFlag always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 912   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 913   return true;
 914 }
 915 
 916 static bool append_to_string_flag(const char* name, const char* new_value, JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
 917   const char* old_value = "";
 918   if (JVMFlag::ccstrAt(name, &old_value) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) return false;
 919   size_t old_len = old_value != NULL ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 920   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 921   const char* value;
 922   char* free_this_too = NULL;
 923   if (old_len == 0) {
 924     value = new_value;
 925   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 926     value = old_value;
 927   } else {
 928      size_t length = old_len + 1 + new_len + 1;
 929      char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtArguments);
 930     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 931     jio_snprintf(buf, length, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 932     value = buf;
 933     free_this_too = buf;
 934   }
 935   (void) JVMFlag::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 936   // JVMFlag always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 937   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 938   if (free_this_too != NULL) {
 939     // JVMFlag made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 940     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too);
 941   }
 942   return true;
 943 }
 944 
 945 const char* Arguments::handle_aliases_and_deprecation(const char* arg, bool warn) {
 946   const char* real_name = real_flag_name(arg);
 947   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
 948   switch (is_deprecated_flag(arg, &since)) {
 949     case -1:
 950       return NULL; // obsolete or expired, don't process normally
 951     case 0:
 952       return real_name;
 953     case 1: {
 954       if (warn) {
 955         char version[256];
 956         since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
 957         if (real_name != arg) {
 958           warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release. Use option %s instead.",
 959                   arg, version, real_name);
 960         } else {
 961           warning("Option %s was deprecated in version %s and will likely be removed in a future release.",
 962                   arg, version);
 963         }
 964       }
 965       return real_name;
 966     }
 967   }
 968   ShouldNotReachHere();
 969   return NULL;
 970 }
 971 
 972 void log_deprecated_flag(const char* name, bool on, AliasedLoggingFlag alf) {
 973   LogTagType tagSet[] = {alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5};
 974   // Set tagset string buffer at max size of 256, large enough for any alias tagset
 975   const int max_tagset_size = 256;
 976   int max_tagset_len = max_tagset_size - 1;
 977   char tagset_buffer[max_tagset_size];
 978   tagset_buffer[0] = '\0';
 979 
 980   // Write tag-set for aliased logging option, in string list form
 981   int max_tags = sizeof(tagSet)/sizeof(tagSet[0]);
 982   for (int i = 0; i < max_tags && tagSet[i] != LogTag::__NO_TAG; i++) {
 983     if (i > 0) {
 984       strncat(tagset_buffer, "+", max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 985     }
 986     strncat(tagset_buffer, LogTag::name(tagSet[i]), max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 987   }
 988   if (!alf.exactMatch) {
 989       strncat(tagset_buffer, "*", max_tagset_len - strlen(tagset_buffer));
 990   }
 991   log_warning(arguments)("-XX:%s%s is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:%s=%s instead.",
 992                          (on) ? "+" : "-",
 993                          name,
 994                          tagset_buffer,
 995                          (on) ? LogLevel::name(alf.level) : "off");
 996 }
 997 
 998 AliasedLoggingFlag Arguments::catch_logging_aliases(const char* name, bool on){
 999   for (size_t i = 0; aliased_logging_flags[i].alias_name != NULL; i++) {
1000     const AliasedLoggingFlag& alf = aliased_logging_flags[i];
1001     if (strcmp(alf.alias_name, name) == 0) {
1002       log_deprecated_flag(name, on, alf);
1003       return alf;
1004     }
1005   }
1006   AliasedLoggingFlag a = {NULL, LogLevel::Off, false, LOG_TAGS(_NO_TAG)};
1007   return a;
1008 }
1009 
1010 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
1011 
1012   // range of acceptable characters spelled out for portability reasons
1013 #define NAME_RANGE  "[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_]"
1014 #define BUFLEN 255
1015   char name[BUFLEN+1];
1016   char dummy;
1017   const char* real_name;
1018   bool warn_if_deprecated = true;
1019 
1020   if (sscanf(arg, "-%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
1021     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, false);
1022     if (alf.alias_name != NULL){
1023       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Off, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
1024       return true;
1025     }
1026     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1027     if (real_name == NULL) {
1028       return false;
1029     }
1030     return set_bool_flag(real_name, false, origin);
1031   }
1032   if (sscanf(arg, "+%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
1033     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, true);
1034     if (alf.alias_name != NULL){
1035       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(alf.level, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
1036       return true;
1037     }
1038     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1039     if (real_name == NULL) {
1040       return false;
1041     }
1042     return set_bool_flag(real_name, true, origin);
1043   }
1044 
1045   char punct;
1046   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
1047     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
1048     JVMFlag* flag;
1049 
1050     // this scanf pattern matches both strings (handled here) and numbers (handled later))
1051     AliasedLoggingFlag alf = catch_logging_aliases(name, true);
1052     if (alf.alias_name != NULL) {
1053       LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(alf.level, alf.exactMatch, alf.tag0, alf.tag1, alf.tag2, alf.tag3, alf.tag4, alf.tag5);
1054       return true;
1055     }
1056     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1057     if (real_name == NULL) {
1058       return false;
1059     }
1060     flag = JVMFlag::find_flag(real_name);
1061     if (flag != NULL && flag->is_ccstr()) {
1062       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
1063         return append_to_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
1064       } else {
1065         if (value[0] == '\0') {
1066           value = NULL;
1067         }
1068         return set_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
1069       }
1070     } else {
1071       warn_if_deprecated = false; // if arg is deprecated, we've already done warning...
1072     }
1073   }
1074 
1075   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE ":%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
1076     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
1077     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
1078     if (value[0] == '\0') {
1079       value = NULL;
1080     }
1081     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1082     if (real_name == NULL) {
1083       return false;
1084     }
1085     return set_string_flag(real_name, value, origin);
1086   }
1087 
1088 #define SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "[-0123456789.eE+]"
1089 #define SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE    "[-0123456789]"
1090 #define        NUMBER_RANGE    "[0123456789eE+-]"
1091   char value[BUFLEN + 1];
1092   char value2[BUFLEN + 1];
1093   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE "." "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, value2, &dummy) == 3) {
1094     // Looks like a floating-point number -- try again with more lenient format string
1095     if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
1096       real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1097       if (real_name == NULL) {
1098         return false;
1099       }
1100       return set_fp_numeric_flag(real_name, value, origin);
1101     }
1102   }
1103 
1104 #define VALUE_RANGE "[-kmgtxKMGTX0123456789abcdefABCDEF]"
1105   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) VALUE_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
1106     real_name = handle_aliases_and_deprecation(name, warn_if_deprecated);
1107     if (real_name == NULL) {
1108       return false;
1109     }
1110     return set_numeric_flag(real_name, value, origin);
1111   }
1112 
1113   return false;
1114 }
1115 
1116 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
1117   assert(bldarray != NULL, "illegal argument");
1118 
1119   if (arg == NULL) {
1120     return;
1121   }
1122 
1123   int new_count = *count + 1;
1124 
1125   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
1126   if (*bldarray == NULL) {
1127     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, new_count, mtArguments);
1128   } else {
1129     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, new_count, mtArguments);
1130   }
1131   (*bldarray)[*count] = os::strdup_check_oom(arg);
1132   *count = new_count;
1133 }
1134 
1135 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
1136   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
1137 }
1138 
1139 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
1140   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
1141 }
1142 
1143 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
1144 // strings in a given char** array
1145 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
1146   if (args == NULL || count == 0) {
1147     return NULL;
1148   }
1149   size_t length = 0;
1150   for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
1151     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or NULL terminating character
1152   }
1153   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
1154   char* dst = s;
1155   for (int j = 0; j < count; j++) {
1156     size_t offset = strlen(args[j]) + 1; // add 1 for a space or NULL terminating character
1157     jio_snprintf(dst, length, "%s ", args[j]); // jio_snprintf will replace the last space character with NULL character
1158     dst += offset;
1159     length -= offset;
1160   }
1161   return (const char*) s;
1162 }
1163 
1164 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
1165   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
1166   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
1167     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
1168     st->cr();
1169   }
1170   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
1171     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
1172     st->cr();
1173   }
1174   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
1175   if (_java_class_path != NULL) {
1176     char* path = _java_class_path->value();
1177     st->print_cr("java_class_path (initial): %s", strlen(path) == 0 ? "<not set>" : path );
1178   }
1179   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
1180 }
1181 
1182 void Arguments::print_summary_on(outputStream* st) {
1183   // Print the command line.  Environment variables that are helpful for
1184   // reproducing the problem are written later in the hs_err file.
1185   // flags are from setting file
1186   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
1187     st->print_raw("Settings File: ");
1188     print_jvm_flags_on(st);
1189     st->cr();
1190   }
1191   // args are the command line and environment variable arguments.
1192   st->print_raw("Command Line: ");
1193   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
1194     print_jvm_args_on(st);
1195   }
1196   // this is the classfile and any arguments to the java program
1197   if (java_command() != NULL) {
1198     st->print("%s", java_command());
1199   }
1200   st->cr();
1201 }
1202 
1203 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
1204   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
1205     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
1206       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
1207     }
1208   }
1209 }
1210 
1211 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
1212   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
1213     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
1214       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
1215     }
1216   }
1217 }
1218 
1219 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg,
1220                                  jboolean ignore_unrecognized,
1221                                  JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
1222   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
1223 
1224   if (parse_argument(arg, origin)) {
1225     return true;
1226   }
1227 
1228   // Determine if the flag has '+', '-', or '=' characters.
1229   bool has_plus_minus = (*arg == '+' || *arg == '-');
1230   const char* const argname = has_plus_minus ? arg + 1 : arg;
1231 
1232   size_t arg_len;
1233   const char* equal_sign = strchr(argname, '=');
1234   if (equal_sign == NULL) {
1235     arg_len = strlen(argname);
1236   } else {
1237     arg_len = equal_sign - argname;
1238   }
1239 
1240   // Only make the obsolete check for valid arguments.
1241   if (arg_len <= BUFLEN) {
1242     // Construct a string which consists only of the argument name without '+', '-', or '='.
1243     char stripped_argname[BUFLEN+1]; // +1 for '\0'
1244     jio_snprintf(stripped_argname, arg_len+1, "%s", argname); // +1 for '\0'
1245     if (is_obsolete_flag(stripped_argname, &since)) {
1246       char version[256];
1247       since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
1248       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", stripped_argname, version);
1249       return true;
1250     }
1251 #ifndef PRODUCT
1252     else {
1253       const char* replacement;
1254       if ((replacement = removed_develop_logging_flag_name(stripped_argname)) != NULL){
1255         log_warning(arguments)("%s has been removed. Please use %s instead.",
1256                                stripped_argname,
1257                                replacement);
1258         return false;
1259       }
1260     }
1261 #endif //PRODUCT
1262   }
1263 
1264   // For locked flags, report a custom error message if available.
1265   // Otherwise, report the standard unrecognized VM option.
1266   JVMFlag* found_flag = JVMFlag::find_flag((const char*)argname, arg_len, true, true);
1267   if (found_flag != NULL) {
1268     char locked_message_buf[BUFLEN];
1269     JVMFlag::MsgType msg_type = found_flag->get_locked_message(locked_message_buf, BUFLEN);
1270     if (strlen(locked_message_buf) == 0) {
1271       if (found_flag->is_bool() && !has_plus_minus) {
1272         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1273           "Missing +/- setting for VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1274       } else if (!found_flag->is_bool() && has_plus_minus) {
1275         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1276           "Unexpected +/- setting in VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1277       } else {
1278         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1279           "Improperly specified VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1280       }
1281     } else {
1282 #ifdef PRODUCT
1283       bool mismatched = ((msg_type == JVMFlag::NOTPRODUCT_FLAG_BUT_PRODUCT_BUILD) ||
1284                          (msg_type == JVMFlag::DEVELOPER_FLAG_BUT_PRODUCT_BUILD));
1285       if (ignore_unrecognized && mismatched) {
1286         return true;
1287       }
1288 #endif
1289       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s", locked_message_buf);
1290     }
1291   } else {
1292     if (ignore_unrecognized) {
1293       return true;
1294     }
1295     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1296                 "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", argname);
1297     JVMFlag* fuzzy_matched = JVMFlag::fuzzy_match((const char*)argname, arg_len, true);
1298     if (fuzzy_matched != NULL) {
1299       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1300                   "Did you mean '%s%s%s'? ",
1301                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "(+/-)" : "",
1302                   fuzzy_matched->_name,
1303                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "" : "=<value>");
1304     }
1305   }
1306 
1307   // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
1308   return arg[0] == '#';
1309 }
1310 
1311 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
1312   FILE* stream = fopen(file_name, "rb");
1313   if (stream == NULL) {
1314     if (should_exist) {
1315       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1316                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
1317       return false;
1318     } else {
1319       return true;
1320     }
1321   }
1322 
1323   char token[1024];
1324   int  pos = 0;
1325 
1326   bool in_white_space = true;
1327   bool in_comment     = false;
1328   bool in_quote       = false;
1329   char quote_c        = 0;
1330   bool result         = true;
1331 
1332   int c = getc(stream);
1333   while(c != EOF && pos < (int)(sizeof(token)-1)) {
1334     if (in_white_space) {
1335       if (in_comment) {
1336         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
1337       } else {
1338         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
1339         else if (!isspace(c)) {
1340           in_white_space = false;
1341           token[pos++] = c;
1342         }
1343       }
1344     } else {
1345       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace(c))) {
1346         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
1347         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
1348         token[pos] = '\0';
1349         logOption(token);
1350         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, JVMFlag::CONFIG_FILE);
1351         build_jvm_flags(token);
1352         pos = 0;
1353         in_white_space = true;
1354         in_quote = false;
1355       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
1356         in_quote = true;
1357         quote_c = c;
1358       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
1359         in_quote = false;
1360       } else {
1361         token[pos++] = c;
1362       }
1363     }
1364     c = getc(stream);
1365   }
1366   if (pos > 0) {
1367     token[pos] = '\0';
1368     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, JVMFlag::CONFIG_FILE);
1369     build_jvm_flags(token);
1370   }
1371   fclose(stream);
1372   return result;
1373 }
1374 
1375 //=============================================================================================================
1376 // Parsing of properties (-D)
1377 
1378 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
1379   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
1380 }
1381 
1382 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop, PropertyWriteable writeable, PropertyInternal internal) {
1383   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
1384   const char* key;
1385   const char* value = "";
1386 
1387   if (eq == NULL) {
1388     // property doesn't have a value, thus use passed string
1389     key = prop;
1390   } else {
1391     // property have a value, thus extract it and save to the
1392     // allocated string
1393     size_t key_len = eq - prop;
1394     char* tmp_key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, mtArguments);
1395 
1396     jio_snprintf(tmp_key, key_len + 1, "%s", prop);
1397     key = tmp_key;
1398 
1399     value = &prop[key_len + 1];
1400   }
1401 
1402   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
1403     process_java_compiler_argument(value);
1404     // Record value in Arguments, but let it get passed to Java.
1405   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm") == 0 ||
1406              strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.pid") == 0) {
1407     // sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm and sun.java.launcher.pid property are
1408     // private and are processed in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
1409     // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
1410   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.boot.library.path") == 0) {
1411     // append is true, writable is true, internal is false
1412     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, AppendProperty,
1413                             WriteableProperty, ExternalProperty);
1414   } else {
1415     if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
1416       char *old_java_command = _java_command;
1417       _java_command = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1418       if (old_java_command != NULL) {
1419         os::free(old_java_command);
1420       }
1421     } else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
1422       const char* old_java_vendor_url_bug = _java_vendor_url_bug;
1423       // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
1424       // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
1425       _java_vendor_url_bug = os::strdup_check_oom(value, mtArguments);
1426       if (old_java_vendor_url_bug != DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG) {
1427         assert(old_java_vendor_url_bug != NULL, "_java_vendor_url_bug is NULL");
1428         os::free((void *)old_java_vendor_url_bug);
1429       }
1430     }
1431 
1432     // Create new property and add at the end of the list
1433     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, AddProperty, writeable, internal);
1434   }
1435 
1436   if (key != prop) {
1437     // SystemProperty copy passed value, thus free previously allocated
1438     // memory
1439     FreeHeap((void *)key);
1440   }
1441 
1442   return true;
1443 }
1444 
1445 #if INCLUDE_CDS
1446 const char* unsupported_properties[] = { "jdk.module.limitmods",
1447                                          "jdk.module.upgrade.path",
1448                                          "jdk.module.patch.0" };
1449 const char* unsupported_options[] = { "--limit-modules",
1450                                       "--upgrade-module-path",
1451                                       "--patch-module"
1452                                     };
1453 void Arguments::check_unsupported_dumping_properties() {
1454   assert(DumpSharedSpaces, "this function is only used with -Xshare:dump");
1455   assert(ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_properties) == ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_options), "must be");
1456   // If a vm option is found in the unsupported_options array, vm will exit with an error message.
1457   SystemProperty* sp = system_properties();
1458   while (sp != NULL) {
1459     for (uint i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_properties); i++) {
1460       if (strcmp(sp->key(), unsupported_properties[i]) == 0) {
1461         vm_exit_during_initialization(
1462           "Cannot use the following option when dumping the shared archive", unsupported_options[i]);
1463       }
1464     }
1465     sp = sp->next();
1466   }
1467 
1468   // Check for an exploded module build in use with -Xshare:dump.
1469   if (!has_jimage()) {
1470     vm_exit_during_initialization("Dumping the shared archive is not supported with an exploded module build");
1471   }
1472 }
1473 
1474 bool Arguments::check_unsupported_cds_runtime_properties() {
1475   assert(UseSharedSpaces, "this function is only used with -Xshare:{on,auto}");
1476   assert(ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_properties) == ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_options), "must be");
1477   for (uint i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(unsupported_properties); i++) {
1478     if (get_property(unsupported_properties[i]) != NULL) {
1479       if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1480         warning("CDS is disabled when the %s option is specified.", unsupported_options[i]);
1481       }
1482       return true;
1483     }
1484   }
1485   return false;
1486 }
1487 #endif
1488 
1489 //===========================================================================================================
1490 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
1491 
1492 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
1493   // Set up default values for all flags.
1494   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
1495   // add a default value for it here.
1496   set_java_compiler(false);
1497   _mode                      = mode;
1498 
1499   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
1500   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
1501   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
1502                           VM_Version::vm_info_string(), AddProperty, UnwriteableProperty, ExternalProperty);
1503 
1504   UseInterpreter             = true;
1505   UseCompiler                = true;
1506   UseLoopCounter             = true;
1507 
1508   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
1509   // use the saved values
1510   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
1511   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1512   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
1513   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
1514   if (TieredCompilation) {
1515     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog)) {
1516       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
1517     }
1518     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier4InvocationThreshold)) {
1519       Tier4InvocationThreshold = Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold;
1520     }
1521   }
1522 
1523   // Change from defaults based on mode
1524   switch (mode) {
1525   default:
1526     ShouldNotReachHere();
1527     break;
1528   case _int:
1529     UseCompiler              = false;
1530     UseLoopCounter           = false;
1531     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
1532     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
1533     break;
1534   case _mixed:
1535     // same as default
1536     break;
1537   case _comp:
1538     UseInterpreter           = false;
1539     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
1540     ClipInlining             = false;
1541     // Be much more aggressive in tiered mode with -Xcomp and exercise C2 more.
1542     // We will first compile a level 3 version (C1 with full profiling), then do one invocation of it and
1543     // compile a level 4 (C2) and then continue executing it.
1544     if (TieredCompilation) {
1545       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1546       Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1547     }
1548     break;
1549   }
1550 }
1551 
1552 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
1553 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
1554 static void no_shared_spaces(const char* message) {
1555   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1556     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1557       "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
1558     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive", message);
1559   } else {
1560     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
1561   }
1562 }
1563 
1564 void set_object_alignment() {
1565   // Object alignment.
1566   assert(is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes), "ObjectAlignmentInBytes must be power of 2");
1567   MinObjAlignmentInBytes     = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1568   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes >= HeapWordsPerLong * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is too small");
1569   MinObjAlignment            = MinObjAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
1570   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes == MinObjAlignment * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is incorrect");
1571   MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask = MinObjAlignmentInBytes - 1;
1572 
1573   LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes  = exact_log2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1574   LogMinObjAlignment         = LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
1575 
1576   // Oop encoding heap max
1577   OopEncodingHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1578 
1579   if (SurvivorAlignmentInBytes == 0) {
1580     SurvivorAlignmentInBytes = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1581   }
1582 }
1583 
1584 size_t Arguments::max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1585   // Avoid sign flip.
1586   assert(OopEncodingHeapMax > (uint64_t)os::vm_page_size(), "Unusual page size");
1587   // We need to fit both the NULL page and the heap into the memory budget, while
1588   // keeping alignment constraints of the heap. To guarantee the latter, as the
1589   // NULL page is located before the heap, we pad the NULL page to the conservative
1590   // maximum alignment that the GC may ever impose upon the heap.
1591   size_t displacement_due_to_null_page = align_up((size_t)os::vm_page_size(),
1592                                                   _conservative_max_heap_alignment);
1593 
1594   LP64_ONLY(return OopEncodingHeapMax - displacement_due_to_null_page);
1595   NOT_LP64(ShouldNotReachHere(); return 0);
1596 }
1597 
1598 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_oops() {
1599 #ifndef ZERO
1600 #ifdef _LP64
1601   // MaxHeapSize is not set up properly at this point, but
1602   // the only value that can override MaxHeapSize if we are
1603   // to use UseCompressedOops is InitialHeapSize.
1604   size_t max_heap_size = MAX2(MaxHeapSize, InitialHeapSize);
1605 
1606   if (max_heap_size <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1607 #if !defined(COMPILER1) || defined(TIERED)
1608     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1609       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedOops, true);
1610     }
1611 #endif
1612   } else {
1613     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1614       warning("Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1615       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1616       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1617     }
1618   }
1619 #endif // _LP64
1620 #endif // ZERO
1621 }
1622 
1623 
1624 // NOTE: set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1625 // set_use_compressed_oops().
1626 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() {
1627 #ifndef ZERO
1628 #ifdef _LP64
1629   // UseCompressedOops must be on for UseCompressedClassPointers to be on.
1630   if (!UseCompressedOops) {
1631     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1632       warning("UseCompressedClassPointers requires UseCompressedOops");
1633     }
1634     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1635   } else {
1636     // Turn on UseCompressedClassPointers too
1637     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers)) {
1638       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedClassPointers, true);
1639     }
1640     // Check the CompressedClassSpaceSize to make sure we use compressed klass ptrs.
1641     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1642       if (CompressedClassSpaceSize > KlassEncodingMetaspaceMax) {
1643         warning("CompressedClassSpaceSize is too large for UseCompressedClassPointers");
1644         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1645       }
1646     }
1647   }
1648 #endif // _LP64
1649 #endif // !ZERO
1650 }
1651 
1652 void Arguments::set_conservative_max_heap_alignment() {
1653   // The conservative maximum required alignment for the heap is the maximum of
1654   // the alignments imposed by several sources: any requirements from the heap
1655   // itself, the collector policy and the maximum page size we may run the VM
1656   // with.
1657   size_t heap_alignment = GCConfig::arguments()->conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1658   _conservative_max_heap_alignment = MAX4(heap_alignment,
1659                                           (size_t)os::vm_allocation_granularity(),
1660                                           os::max_page_size(),
1661                                           CollectorPolicy::compute_heap_alignment());
1662 }
1663 
1664 jint Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1665   GCConfig::initialize();
1666 
1667   set_conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1668 
1669 #ifndef ZERO
1670 #ifdef _LP64
1671   set_use_compressed_oops();
1672 
1673   // set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1674   // set_use_compressed_oops().
1675   set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs();
1676 
1677   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1678   // in vm_version initialization code.
1679 #endif // _LP64
1680 #endif // !ZERO
1681 
1682   return JNI_OK;
1683 }
1684 
1685 julong Arguments::limit_by_allocatable_memory(julong limit) {
1686   julong max_allocatable;
1687   julong result = limit;
1688   if (os::has_allocatable_memory_limit(&max_allocatable)) {
1689     result = MIN2(result, max_allocatable / MaxVirtMemFraction);
1690   }
1691   return result;
1692 }
1693 
1694 // Use static initialization to get the default before parsing
1695 static const size_t DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress = HeapBaseMinAddress;
1696 
1697 void Arguments::set_heap_size() {
1698   julong phys_mem =
1699     FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM) ? MIN2(os::physical_memory(), (julong)MaxRAM)
1700                             : (julong)MaxRAM;
1701 
1702   // Convert deprecated flags
1703   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAMPercentage) &&
1704       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAMFraction))
1705     MaxRAMPercentage = 100.0 / MaxRAMFraction;
1706 
1707   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinRAMPercentage) &&
1708       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinRAMFraction))
1709     MinRAMPercentage = 100.0 / MinRAMFraction;
1710 
1711   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialRAMPercentage) &&
1712       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialRAMFraction))
1713     InitialRAMPercentage = 100.0 / InitialRAMFraction;
1714 
1715   // If the maximum heap size has not been set with -Xmx,
1716   // then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1717   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1718   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1719     julong reasonable_max = (julong)((phys_mem * MaxRAMPercentage) / 100);
1720     const julong reasonable_min = (julong)((phys_mem * MinRAMPercentage) / 100);
1721     if (reasonable_min < MaxHeapSize) {
1722       // Small physical memory, so use a minimum fraction of it for the heap
1723       reasonable_max = reasonable_min;
1724     } else {
1725       // Not-small physical memory, so require a heap at least
1726       // as large as MaxHeapSize
1727       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1728     }
1729 
1730     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ErgoHeapSizeLimit) && ErgoHeapSizeLimit != 0) {
1731       // Limit the heap size to ErgoHeapSizeLimit
1732       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, (julong)ErgoHeapSizeLimit);
1733     }
1734     if (UseCompressedOops) {
1735       // Limit the heap size to the maximum possible when using compressed oops
1736       julong max_coop_heap = (julong)max_heap_for_compressed_oops();
1737 
1738       // HeapBaseMinAddress can be greater than default but not less than.
1739       if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress)) {
1740         if (HeapBaseMinAddress < DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress) {
1741           // matches compressed oops printing flags
1742           log_debug(gc, heap, coops)("HeapBaseMinAddress must be at least " SIZE_FORMAT
1743                                      " (" SIZE_FORMAT "G) which is greater than value given " SIZE_FORMAT,
1744                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress,
1745                                      DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress/G,
1746                                      HeapBaseMinAddress);
1747           FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, HeapBaseMinAddress, DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress);
1748         }
1749       }
1750 
1751       if (HeapBaseMinAddress + MaxHeapSize < max_coop_heap) {
1752         // Heap should be above HeapBaseMinAddress to get zero based compressed oops
1753         // but it should be not less than default MaxHeapSize.
1754         max_coop_heap -= HeapBaseMinAddress;
1755       }
1756       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, max_coop_heap);
1757     }
1758     reasonable_max = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_max);
1759 
1760     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
1761       // An initial heap size was specified on the command line,
1762       // so be sure that the maximum size is consistent.  Done
1763       // after call to limit_by_allocatable_memory because that
1764       // method might reduce the allocation size.
1765       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)InitialHeapSize);
1766     }
1767 
1768     log_trace(gc, heap)("  Maximum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t) reasonable_max);
1769     FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_max);
1770   }
1771 
1772   // If the minimum or initial heap_size have not been set or requested to be set
1773   // ergonomically, set them accordingly.
1774   if (InitialHeapSize == 0 || min_heap_size() == 0) {
1775     julong reasonable_minimum = (julong)(OldSize + NewSize);
1776 
1777     reasonable_minimum = MIN2(reasonable_minimum, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1778 
1779     reasonable_minimum = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_minimum);
1780 
1781     if (InitialHeapSize == 0) {
1782       julong reasonable_initial = (julong)((phys_mem * InitialRAMPercentage) / 100);
1783 
1784       reasonable_initial = MAX3(reasonable_initial, reasonable_minimum, (julong)min_heap_size());
1785       reasonable_initial = MIN2(reasonable_initial, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1786 
1787       reasonable_initial = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_initial);
1788 
1789       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Initial heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1790       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1791     }
1792     // If the minimum heap size has not been set (via -Xms),
1793     // synchronize with InitialHeapSize to avoid errors with the default value.
1794     if (min_heap_size() == 0) {
1795       set_min_heap_size(MIN2((size_t)reasonable_minimum, InitialHeapSize));
1796       log_trace(gc, heap)("  Minimum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, min_heap_size());
1797     }
1798   }
1799 }
1800 
1801 // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
1802 // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
1803 // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
1804 // amounts of cpu and memory.
1805 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_heap_flags() {
1806   // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
1807   // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
1808   // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
1809   // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
1810   // calculations.
1811   julong initHeapSize;
1812   julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
1813 
1814   if (total_memory < (julong) 256 * M) {
1815     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1816             "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
1817     vm_exit(1);
1818   }
1819 
1820   // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
1821   // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
1822   // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
1823   // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
1824 
1825   initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong) 2,
1826           total_memory - (julong) 160 * M);
1827 
1828   initHeapSize = limit_by_allocatable_memory(initHeapSize);
1829 
1830   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1831     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1832       return JNI_EINVAL;
1833     }
1834     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, initHeapSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1835       return JNI_EINVAL;
1836     }
1837     // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
1838     set_min_heap_size(initHeapSize);
1839   }
1840   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1841     // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
1842     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize,
1843             ((julong) MaxHeapSize / (julong) 8) * (julong) 3) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1844       return JNI_EINVAL;
1845     }
1846     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, NewSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1847       return JNI_EINVAL;
1848     }
1849   }
1850 
1851 #if !defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) && !defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
1852   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
1853 #endif
1854 
1855   // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
1856   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, BaseFootPrintEstimate, MaxHeapSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1857     return JNI_EINVAL;
1858   }
1859   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1860     return JNI_EINVAL;
1861   }
1862   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, TLABSize, 256 * K) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1863     return JNI_EINVAL;
1864   }
1865 
1866   // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
1867   // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
1868   // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
1869   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, YoungPLABSize, 256 * K) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
1870     return JNI_EINVAL;
1871   }
1872 
1873   // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
1874   // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
1875   // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
1876   // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
1877   // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
1878   // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
1879   // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
1880   // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
1881   // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
1882   // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
1883   // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
1884   // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
1885   // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
1886   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, OldPLABSize, 8 * K) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) { // Note: this is in words
1887     return JNI_EINVAL;
1888   }
1889 
1890   // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
1891   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseParallelGC, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1892     return JNI_EINVAL;
1893   }
1894 
1895   // Encourage steady state memory management
1896   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ThresholdTolerance, 100) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1897     return JNI_EINVAL;
1898   }
1899 
1900   // This appears to improve mutator locality
1901   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1902     return JNI_EINVAL;
1903   }
1904 
1905   // Get around early Solaris scheduling bug
1906   // (affinity vs other jobs on system)
1907   // but disallow DR and offlining (5008695).
1908   if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
1909     return JNI_EINVAL;
1910   }
1911 
1912   return JNI_OK;
1913 }
1914 
1915 // This must be called after ergonomics.
1916 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
1917   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
1918     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1919   }
1920 }
1921 
1922 // Aggressive optimization flags
1923 jint Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
1924 #ifdef COMPILER2
1925   if (AggressiveUnboxing) {
1926     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1927       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1928     } else if (!EliminateAutoBox) {
1929       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because EliminateAutoBox is disabled");
1930       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1931     }
1932     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
1933       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
1934     } else if (!DoEscapeAnalysis) {
1935       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because DoEscapeAnalysis is disabled");
1936       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1937     }
1938   }
1939   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1940     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1941       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1942     }
1943     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
1944     char buffer[1024];
1945     jio_snprintf(buffer, 1024, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=" INTX_FORMAT, AutoBoxCacheMax);
1946     if (!add_property(buffer)) {
1947       return JNI_ENOMEM;
1948     }
1949   }
1950 #endif
1951 
1952   return JNI_OK;
1953 }
1954 
1955 //===========================================================================================================
1956 // Parsing of java.compiler property
1957 
1958 void Arguments::process_java_compiler_argument(const char* arg) {
1959   // For backwards compatibility, Djava.compiler=NONE or ""
1960   // causes us to switch to -Xint mode UNLESS -Xdebug
1961   // is also specified.
1962   if (strlen(arg) == 0 || strcasecmp(arg, "NONE") == 0) {
1963     set_java_compiler(true);    // "-Djava.compiler[=...]" most recently seen.
1964   }
1965 }
1966 
1967 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
1968   _sun_java_launcher = os::strdup_check_oom(launcher);
1969 }
1970 
1971 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
1972   assert(_sun_java_launcher != NULL, "property must have value");
1973   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
1974 }
1975 
1976 bool Arguments::sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm() {
1977   return _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm;
1978 }
1979 
1980 //===========================================================================================================
1981 // Parsing of main arguments
1982 
1983 unsigned int addreads_count = 0;
1984 unsigned int addexports_count = 0;
1985 unsigned int addopens_count = 0;
1986 unsigned int addmods_count = 0;
1987 unsigned int patch_mod_count = 0;
1988 
1989 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
1990 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
1991   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
1992   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
1993   // before returning an error.
1994   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
1995   bool status = true;
1996 
1997   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
1998     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1999                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
2000                 "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
2001                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
2002     status = false;
2003   }
2004 
2005   if (PrintNMTStatistics) {
2006 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2007     if (MemTracker::tracking_level() == NMT_off) {
2008 #endif // INCLUDE_NMT
2009       warning("PrintNMTStatistics is disabled, because native memory tracking is not enabled");
2010       PrintNMTStatistics = false;
2011 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2012     }
2013 #endif
2014   }
2015 
2016   status = CompilerConfig::check_args_consistency(status);
2017 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
2018   if (status && EnableJVMCI) {
2019     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "jdk.internal.vm.ci.enabled", "true",
2020         AddProperty, UnwriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
2021     if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.internal.vm.ci", addmods_count++)) {
2022       return false;
2023     }
2024   }
2025 #endif
2026 
2027 #ifndef SUPPORT_RESERVED_STACK_AREA
2028   if (StackReservedPages != 0) {
2029     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, StackReservedPages, 0);
2030     warning("Reserved Stack Area not supported on this platform");
2031   }
2032 #endif
2033 
2034   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AllocateHeapAt)) {
2035     if ((UseNUMAInterleaving && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving)) || (UseNUMA && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMA))) {
2036       log_warning(arguments) ("NUMA support for Heap depends on the file system when AllocateHeapAt option is used.\n");
2037     }
2038   }
2039 
2040   status = status && GCArguments::check_args_consistency();
2041 
2042   return status;
2043 }
2044 
2045 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
2046   const char* option_type) {
2047   if (ignore) return false;
2048 
2049   const char* spacer = " ";
2050   if (option_type == NULL) {
2051     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
2052   }
2053 
2054   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2055               "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2056               option->optionString);
2057   return true;
2058 }
2059 
2060 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
2061   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", 0
2062 };
2063 
2064 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
2065   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", 0
2066 };
2067 
2068 bool Arguments::parse_uintx(const char* value,
2069                             uintx* uintx_arg,
2070                             uintx min_size) {
2071 
2072   // Check the sign first since atojulong() parses only unsigned values.
2073   bool value_is_positive = !(*value == '-');
2074 
2075   if (value_is_positive) {
2076     julong n;
2077     bool good_return = atojulong(value, &n);
2078     if (good_return) {
2079       bool above_minimum = n >= min_size;
2080       bool value_is_too_large = n > max_uintx;
2081 
2082       if (above_minimum && !value_is_too_large) {
2083         *uintx_arg = n;
2084         return true;
2085       }
2086     }
2087   }
2088   return false;
2089 }
2090 
2091 bool Arguments::create_property(const char* prop_name, const char* prop_value, PropertyInternal internal) {
2092   size_t prop_len = strlen(prop_name) + strlen(prop_value) + 2;
2093   char* property = AllocateHeap(prop_len, mtArguments);
2094   int ret = jio_snprintf(property, prop_len, "%s=%s", prop_name, prop_value);
2095   if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)prop_len) {
2096     FreeHeap(property);
2097     return false;
2098   }
2099   bool added = add_property(property, UnwriteableProperty, internal);
2100   FreeHeap(property);
2101   return added;
2102 }
2103 
2104 bool Arguments::create_numbered_property(const char* prop_base_name, const char* prop_value, unsigned int count) {
2105   const unsigned int props_count_limit = 1000;
2106   const int max_digits = 3;
2107   const int extra_symbols_count = 3; // includes '.', '=', '\0'
2108 
2109   // Make sure count is < props_count_limit. Otherwise, memory allocation will be too small.
2110   if (count < props_count_limit) {
2111     size_t prop_len = strlen(prop_base_name) + strlen(prop_value) + max_digits + extra_symbols_count;
2112     char* property = AllocateHeap(prop_len, mtArguments);
2113     int ret = jio_snprintf(property, prop_len, "%s.%d=%s", prop_base_name, count, prop_value);
2114     if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)prop_len) {
2115       FreeHeap(property);
2116       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "Failed to create property %s.%d=%s\n", prop_base_name, count, prop_value);
2117       return false;
2118     }
2119     bool added = add_property(property, UnwriteableProperty, InternalProperty);
2120     FreeHeap(property);
2121     return added;
2122   }
2123 
2124   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "Property count limit exceeded: %s, limit=%d\n", prop_base_name, props_count_limit);
2125   return false;
2126 }
2127 
2128 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
2129                                                   julong* long_arg,
2130                                                   julong min_size,
2131                                                   julong max_size) {
2132   if (!atojulong(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
2133   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size, max_size);
2134 }
2135 
2136 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
2137 
2138 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs *java_tool_options_args,
2139                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *java_options_args,
2140                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *cmd_line_args) {
2141   bool patch_mod_javabase = false;
2142 
2143   // Save default settings for some mode flags
2144   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
2145   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
2146   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
2147   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
2148   if (TieredCompilation) {
2149     Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
2150     Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
2151   }
2152 
2153   // Setup flags for mixed which is the default
2154   set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2155 
2156   // Parse args structure generated from JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment
2157   // variable (if present).
2158   jint result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_tool_options_args, &patch_mod_javabase, JVMFlag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2159   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2160     return result;
2161   }
2162 
2163   // Parse args structure generated from the command line flags.
2164   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(cmd_line_args, &patch_mod_javabase, JVMFlag::COMMAND_LINE);
2165   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2166     return result;
2167   }
2168 
2169   // Parse args structure generated from the _JAVA_OPTIONS environment
2170   // variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
2171   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(java_options_args, &patch_mod_javabase, JVMFlag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2172   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2173     return result;
2174   }
2175 
2176   // We need to ensure processor and memory resources have been properly
2177   // configured - which may rely on arguments we just processed - before
2178   // doing the final argument processing. Any argument processing that
2179   // needs to know about processor and memory resources must occur after
2180   // this point.
2181 
2182   os::init_container_support();
2183 
2184   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
2185   result = finalize_vm_init_args(patch_mod_javabase);
2186   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2187     return result;
2188   }
2189 
2190   return JNI_OK;
2191 }
2192 
2193 // Checks if name in command-line argument -agent{lib,path}:name[=options]
2194 // represents a valid JDWP agent.  is_path==true denotes that we
2195 // are dealing with -agentpath (case where name is a path), otherwise with
2196 // -agentlib
2197 bool valid_jdwp_agent(char *name, bool is_path) {
2198   char *_name;
2199   const char *_jdwp = "jdwp";
2200   size_t _len_jdwp, _len_prefix;
2201 
2202   if (is_path) {
2203     if ((_name = strrchr(name, (int) *os::file_separator())) == NULL) {
2204       return false;
2205     }
2206 
2207     _name++;  // skip past last path separator
2208     _len_prefix = strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX);
2209 
2210     if (strncmp(_name, JNI_LIB_PREFIX, _len_prefix) != 0) {
2211       return false;
2212     }
2213 
2214     _name += _len_prefix;
2215     _len_jdwp = strlen(_jdwp);
2216 
2217     if (strncmp(_name, _jdwp, _len_jdwp) == 0) {
2218       _name += _len_jdwp;
2219     }
2220     else {
2221       return false;
2222     }
2223 
2224     if (strcmp(_name, JNI_LIB_SUFFIX) != 0) {
2225       return false;
2226     }
2227 
2228     return true;
2229   }
2230 
2231   if (strcmp(name, _jdwp) == 0) {
2232     return true;
2233   }
2234 
2235   return false;
2236 }
2237 
2238 int Arguments::process_patch_mod_option(const char* patch_mod_tail, bool* patch_mod_javabase) {
2239   // --patch-module=<module>=<file>(<pathsep><file>)*
2240   assert(patch_mod_tail != NULL, "Unexpected NULL patch-module value");
2241   // Find the equal sign between the module name and the path specification
2242   const char* module_equal = strchr(patch_mod_tail, '=');
2243   if (module_equal == NULL) {
2244     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "Missing '=' in --patch-module specification\n");
2245     return JNI_ERR;
2246   } else {
2247     // Pick out the module name
2248     size_t module_len = module_equal - patch_mod_tail;
2249     char* module_name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, module_len+1, mtArguments);
2250     if (module_name != NULL) {
2251       memcpy(module_name, patch_mod_tail, module_len);
2252       *(module_name + module_len) = '\0';
2253       // The path piece begins one past the module_equal sign
2254       add_patch_mod_prefix(module_name, module_equal + 1, patch_mod_javabase);
2255       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, module_name);
2256       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.patch", patch_mod_tail, patch_mod_count++)) {
2257         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2258       }
2259     } else {
2260       return JNI_ENOMEM;
2261     }
2262   }
2263   return JNI_OK;
2264 }
2265 
2266 // Parse -Xss memory string parameter and convert to ThreadStackSize in K.
2267 jint Arguments::parse_xss(const JavaVMOption* option, const char* tail, intx* out_ThreadStackSize) {
2268   // The min and max sizes match the values in globals.hpp, but scaled
2269   // with K. The values have been chosen so that alignment with page
2270   // size doesn't change the max value, which makes the conversions
2271   // back and forth between Xss value and ThreadStackSize value easier.
2272   // The values have also been chosen to fit inside a 32-bit signed type.
2273   const julong min_ThreadStackSize = 0;
2274   const julong max_ThreadStackSize = 1 * M;
2275 
2276   const julong min_size = min_ThreadStackSize * K;
2277   const julong max_size = max_ThreadStackSize * K;
2278 
2279   assert(is_aligned(max_size, os::vm_page_size()), "Implementation assumption");
2280 
2281   julong size = 0;
2282   ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &size, min_size, max_size);
2283   if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2284     bool silent = (option == NULL); // Allow testing to silence error messages
2285     if (!silent) {
2286       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2287                   "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2288       describe_range_error(errcode);
2289     }
2290     return JNI_EINVAL;
2291   }
2292 
2293   // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
2294   const julong size_aligned = align_up(size, K);
2295   assert(size <= size_aligned,
2296          "Overflow: " JULONG_FORMAT " " JULONG_FORMAT,
2297          size, size_aligned);
2298 
2299   const julong size_in_K = size_aligned / K;
2300   assert(size_in_K < (julong)max_intx,
2301          "size_in_K doesn't fit in the type of ThreadStackSize: " JULONG_FORMAT,
2302          size_in_K);
2303 
2304   // Check that code expanding ThreadStackSize to a page aligned number of bytes won't overflow.
2305   const julong max_expanded = align_up(size_in_K * K, os::vm_page_size());
2306   assert(max_expanded < max_uintx && max_expanded >= size_in_K,
2307          "Expansion overflowed: " JULONG_FORMAT " " JULONG_FORMAT,
2308          max_expanded, size_in_K);
2309 
2310   *out_ThreadStackSize = (intx)size_in_K;
2311 
2312   return JNI_OK;
2313 }
2314 
2315 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args, bool* patch_mod_javabase, JVMFlag::Flags origin) {
2316   // For match_option to return remaining or value part of option string
2317   const char* tail;
2318 
2319   // iterate over arguments
2320   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2321     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
2322 
2323     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
2324 
2325     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
2326         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
2327         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
2328 
2329         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
2330         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
2331         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
2332         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
2333         // string constant object.
2334         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
2335     }
2336 
2337     // -verbose:[class/module/gc/jni]
2338     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
2339       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
2340         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, load));
2341         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, unload));
2342       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":module")) {
2343         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(module, load));
2344         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(module, unload));
2345       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
2346         LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(gc));
2347       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2348         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintJNIResolving, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2349           return JNI_EINVAL;
2350         }
2351       }
2352     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
2353     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
2354     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
2355     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
2356       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2357       if (*tail == '\0') {
2358         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
2359       } else {
2360         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
2361         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
2362       }
2363     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
2364     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
2365       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2366       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
2367     // -bootclasspath:
2368     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
2369         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2370           "-Xbootclasspath is no longer a supported option.\n");
2371         return JNI_EINVAL;
2372     // -bootclasspath/a:
2373     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
2374       Arguments::append_sysclasspath(tail);
2375     // -bootclasspath/p:
2376     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
2377         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2378           "-Xbootclasspath/p is no longer a supported option.\n");
2379         return JNI_EINVAL;
2380     // -Xrun
2381     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
2382       if (tail != NULL) {
2383         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
2384         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2385         char* name = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments);
2386         jio_snprintf(name, len + 1, "%s", tail);
2387 
2388         char *options = NULL;
2389         if(pos != NULL) {
2390           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
2391           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2, mtArguments), pos+1, len2);
2392         }
2393 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2394         if (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0) {
2395           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2396             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2397           return JNI_ERR;
2398         }
2399 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2400         add_init_library(name, options);
2401       }
2402     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-reads=", &tail)) {
2403       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addreads", tail, addreads_count++)) {
2404         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2405       }
2406     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-exports=", &tail)) {
2407       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addexports", tail, addexports_count++)) {
2408         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2409       }
2410     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-opens=", &tail)) {
2411       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addopens", tail, addopens_count++)) {
2412         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2413       }
2414     } else if (match_option(option, "--add-modules=", &tail)) {
2415       if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", tail, addmods_count++)) {
2416         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2417       }
2418     } else if (match_option(option, "--limit-modules=", &tail)) {
2419       if (!create_property("jdk.module.limitmods", tail, InternalProperty)) {
2420         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2421       }
2422     } else if (match_option(option, "--module-path=", &tail)) {
2423       if (!create_property("jdk.module.path", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2424         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2425       }
2426     } else if (match_option(option, "--upgrade-module-path=", &tail)) {
2427       if (!create_property("jdk.module.upgrade.path", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2428         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2429       }
2430     } else if (match_option(option, "--patch-module=", &tail)) {
2431       // --patch-module=<module>=<file>(<pathsep><file>)*
2432       int res = process_patch_mod_option(tail, patch_mod_javabase);
2433       if (res != JNI_OK) {
2434         return res;
2435       }
2436     } else if (match_option(option, "--illegal-access=", &tail)) {
2437       if (!create_property("jdk.module.illegalAccess", tail, ExternalProperty)) {
2438         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2439       }
2440     // -agentlib and -agentpath
2441     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
2442           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
2443       if(tail != NULL) {
2444         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
2445         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2446         char* name = strncpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtArguments), tail, len);
2447         name[len] = '\0';
2448 
2449         char *options = NULL;
2450         if(pos != NULL) {
2451           options = os::strdup_check_oom(pos + 1, mtArguments);
2452         }
2453 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2454         if (valid_jdwp_agent(name, is_absolute_path)) {
2455           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2456             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2457           return JNI_ERR;
2458         }
2459 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2460         add_init_agent(name, options, is_absolute_path);
2461       }
2462     // -javaagent
2463     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
2464 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2465       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2466         "Instrumentation agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2467       return JNI_ERR;
2468 #else
2469       if (tail != NULL) {
2470         size_t length = strlen(tail) + 1;
2471         char *options = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, length, mtArguments);
2472         jio_snprintf(options, length, "%s", tail);
2473         add_instrument_agent("instrument", options, false);
2474         // java agents need module java.instrument
2475         if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", "java.instrument", addmods_count++)) {
2476           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2477         }
2478       }
2479 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2480     // --enable_preview
2481     } else if (match_option(option, "--enable-preview")) {
2482       set_enable_preview();
2483     // -Xnoclassgc
2484     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc")) {
2485       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloading, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2486         return JNI_EINVAL;
2487       }
2488     // -Xconcgc
2489     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcgc")) {
2490       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2491         return JNI_EINVAL;
2492       }
2493       handle_extra_cms_flags("-Xconcgc uses UseConcMarkSweepGC");
2494     // -Xnoconcgc
2495     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoconcgc")) {
2496       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2497         return JNI_EINVAL;
2498       }
2499       handle_extra_cms_flags("-Xnoconcgc uses UseConcMarkSweepGC");
2500     // -Xbatch
2501     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch")) {
2502       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2503         return JNI_EINVAL;
2504       }
2505     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
2506     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
2507       julong long_initial_young_size = 0;
2508       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_young_size, 1);
2509       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2510         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2511                     "Invalid initial young generation size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2512         describe_range_error(errcode);
2513         return JNI_EINVAL;
2514       }
2515       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2516         return JNI_EINVAL;
2517       }
2518       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2519         return JNI_EINVAL;
2520       }
2521     // -Xms
2522     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
2523       julong long_initial_heap_size = 0;
2524       // an initial heap size of 0 means automatically determine
2525       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_heap_size, 0);
2526       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2527         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2528                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2529         describe_range_error(errcode);
2530         return JNI_EINVAL;
2531       }
2532       set_min_heap_size((size_t)long_initial_heap_size);
2533       // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2534       // Can be overridden with -XX:InitialHeapSize.
2535       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)long_initial_heap_size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2536         return JNI_EINVAL;
2537       }
2538     // -Xmx
2539     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail) || match_option(option, "-XX:MaxHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2540       julong long_max_heap_size = 0;
2541       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
2542       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2543         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2544                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2545         describe_range_error(errcode);
2546         return JNI_EINVAL;
2547       }
2548       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)long_max_heap_size) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2549         return JNI_EINVAL;
2550       }
2551     // Xmaxf
2552     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
2553       char* err;
2554       int maxf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2555       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2556         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2557                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2558                     option->optionString);
2559         return JNI_EINVAL;
2560       } else {
2561         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2562             return JNI_EINVAL;
2563         }
2564       }
2565     // Xminf
2566     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
2567       char* err;
2568       int minf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2569       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2570         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2571                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2572                     option->optionString);
2573         return JNI_EINVAL;
2574       } else {
2575         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, minf) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2576           return JNI_EINVAL;
2577         }
2578       }
2579     // -Xss
2580     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
2581       intx value = 0;
2582       jint err = parse_xss(option, tail, &value);
2583       if (err != JNI_OK) {
2584         return err;
2585       }
2586       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, ThreadStackSize, value) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2587         return JNI_EINVAL;
2588       }
2589     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail) ||
2590                match_option(option, "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=", &tail)) {
2591       julong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
2592 
2593       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize, 1);
2594       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2595         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2596                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2597         return JNI_EINVAL;
2598       }
2599       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2600         return JNI_EINVAL;
2601       }
2602     // -green
2603     } else if (match_option(option, "-green")) {
2604       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2605                   "Green threads support not available\n");
2606           return JNI_EINVAL;
2607     // -native
2608     } else if (match_option(option, "-native")) {
2609           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
2610     // -Xrs
2611     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs")) {
2612           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
2613       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2614         return JNI_EINVAL;
2615       }
2616       // -Xprof
2617     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof")) {
2618       char version[256];
2619       // Obsolete in JDK 10
2620       JDK_Version::jdk(10).to_string(version, sizeof(version));
2621       warning("Ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", option->optionString, version);
2622     // -Xinternalversion
2623     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion")) {
2624       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
2625                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
2626       vm_exit(0);
2627 #ifndef PRODUCT
2628     // -Xprintflags
2629     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags")) {
2630       JVMFlag::printFlags(tty, false);
2631       vm_exit(0);
2632 #endif
2633     // -D
2634     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
2635       const char* value;
2636       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=", &value) &&
2637             *value!= '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2638         // abort if -Djava.endorsed.dirs is set
2639         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2640           "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=%s is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
2641           "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n", value);
2642         return JNI_EINVAL;
2643       }
2644       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.ext.dirs=", &value) &&
2645             *value != '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2646         // abort if -Djava.ext.dirs is set
2647         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2648           "-Djava.ext.dirs=%s is not supported.  Use -classpath instead.\n", value);
2649         return JNI_EINVAL;
2650       }
2651       // Check for module related properties.  They must be set using the modules
2652       // options. For example: use "--add-modules=java.sql", not
2653       // "-Djdk.module.addmods=java.sql"
2654       if (is_internal_module_property(option->optionString + 2)) {
2655         needs_module_property_warning = true;
2656         continue;
2657       }
2658 
2659       if (!add_property(tail)) {
2660         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2661       }
2662       // Out of the box management support
2663       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
2664 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2665         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ManagementServer, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2666           return JNI_EINVAL;
2667         }
2668         // management agent in module jdk.management.agent
2669         if (!create_numbered_property("jdk.module.addmods", "jdk.management.agent", addmods_count++)) {
2670           return JNI_ENOMEM;
2671         }
2672 #else
2673         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2674           "-Dcom.sun.management is not supported in this VM.\n");
2675         return JNI_ERR;
2676 #endif
2677       }
2678     // -Xint
2679     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint")) {
2680           set_mode_flags(_int);
2681     // -Xmixed
2682     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed")) {
2683           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2684     // -Xcomp
2685     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp")) {
2686       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
2687           set_mode_flags(_comp);
2688     // -Xshare:dump
2689     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump")) {
2690       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2691         return JNI_EINVAL;
2692       }
2693       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
2694     // -Xshare:on
2695     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on")) {
2696       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2697         return JNI_EINVAL;
2698       }
2699       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2700         return JNI_EINVAL;
2701       }
2702     // -Xshare:auto
2703     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto")) {
2704       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2705         return JNI_EINVAL;
2706       }
2707       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2708         return JNI_EINVAL;
2709       }
2710     // -Xshare:off
2711     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off")) {
2712       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2713         return JNI_EINVAL;
2714       }
2715       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2716         return JNI_EINVAL;
2717       }
2718     // -Xverify
2719     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
2720       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
2721         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2722           return JNI_EINVAL;
2723         }
2724         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2725           return JNI_EINVAL;
2726         }
2727       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
2728         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2729           return JNI_EINVAL;
2730         }
2731         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2732           return JNI_EINVAL;
2733         }
2734       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
2735         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2736           return JNI_EINVAL;
2737         }
2738         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2739           return JNI_EINVAL;
2740         }
2741       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
2742         return JNI_EINVAL;
2743       }
2744     // -Xdebug
2745     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug")) {
2746       // note this flag has been used, then ignore
2747       set_xdebug_mode(true);
2748     // -Xnoagent
2749     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoagent")) {
2750       // For compatibility with classic. HotSpot refuses to load the old style agent.dll.
2751     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
2752       // Deprecated flag to redirect GC output to a file. -Xloggc:<filename>
2753       log_warning(gc)("-Xloggc is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc:%s instead.", tail);
2754       _gc_log_filename = os::strdup_check_oom(tail);
2755     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xlog", &tail)) {
2756       bool ret = false;
2757       if (strcmp(tail, ":help") == 0) {
2758         fileStream stream(defaultStream::output_stream());
2759         LogConfiguration::print_command_line_help(&stream);
2760         vm_exit(0);
2761       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":disable") == 0) {
2762         LogConfiguration::disable_logging();
2763         ret = true;
2764       } else if (*tail == '\0') {
2765         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments();
2766         assert(ret, "-Xlog without arguments should never fail to parse");
2767       } else if (*tail == ':') {
2768         ret = LogConfiguration::parse_command_line_arguments(tail + 1);
2769       }
2770       if (ret == false) {
2771         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2772                     "Invalid -Xlog option '-Xlog%s', see error log for details.\n",
2773                     tail);
2774         return JNI_EINVAL;
2775       }
2776     // JNI hooks
2777     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
2778       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2779 #if !INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
2780         warning("JNI CHECKING is not supported in this VM");
2781 #else
2782         CheckJNICalls = true;
2783 #endif // INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
2784       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
2785                                      "check")) {
2786         return JNI_EINVAL;
2787       }
2788     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf")) {
2789       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2790     } else if (match_option(option, "exit")) {
2791       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2792     } else if (match_option(option, "abort")) {
2793       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2794     // Need to keep consistency of MaxTenuringThreshold and AlwaysTenure/NeverTenure;
2795     // and the last option wins.
2796     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure")) {
2797       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2798         return JNI_EINVAL;
2799       }
2800       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2801         return JNI_EINVAL;
2802       }
2803       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, markOopDesc::max_age + 1) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2804         return JNI_EINVAL;
2805       }
2806     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure")) {
2807       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2808         return JNI_EINVAL;
2809       }
2810       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2811         return JNI_EINVAL;
2812       }
2813       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, 0) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2814         return JNI_EINVAL;
2815       }
2816     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=", &tail)) {
2817       uintx max_tenuring_thresh = 0;
2818       if (!parse_uintx(tail, &max_tenuring_thresh, 0)) {
2819         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2820                     "Improperly specified VM option \'MaxTenuringThreshold=%s\'\n", tail);
2821         return JNI_EINVAL;
2822       }
2823 
2824       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, max_tenuring_thresh) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2825         return JNI_EINVAL;
2826       }
2827 
2828       if (MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
2829         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2830           return JNI_EINVAL;
2831         }
2832         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2833           return JNI_EINVAL;
2834         }
2835       } else {
2836         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2837           return JNI_EINVAL;
2838         }
2839         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2840           return JNI_EINVAL;
2841         }
2842       }
2843     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr")) {
2844       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2845         return JNI_EINVAL;
2846       }
2847       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2848         return JNI_EINVAL;
2849       }
2850     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout")) {
2851       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2852         return JNI_EINVAL;
2853       }
2854       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2855         return JNI_EINVAL;
2856       }
2857     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExtendedDTraceProbes")) {
2858 #if defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
2859       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2860         return JNI_EINVAL;
2861       }
2862       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2863         return JNI_EINVAL;
2864       }
2865       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2866         return JNI_EINVAL;
2867       }
2868       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2869         return JNI_EINVAL;
2870       }
2871 #else // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
2872       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2873                   "ExtendedDTraceProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
2874       return JNI_EINVAL;
2875 #endif // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
2876 #ifdef ASSERT
2877     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot")) {
2878       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, FullGCALot, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2879         return JNI_EINVAL;
2880       }
2881       // disable scavenge before parallel mark-compact
2882       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2883         return JNI_EINVAL;
2884       }
2885 #endif
2886 #if !INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2887     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ManagementServer")) {
2888         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2889           "ManagementServer is not supported in this VM.\n");
2890         return JNI_ERR;
2891 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2892 #if INCLUDE_JFR
2893     } else if (match_jfr_option(&option)) {
2894       return JNI_EINVAL;
2895 #endif
2896     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
2897       // Skip -XX:Flags= and -XX:VMOptionsFile= since those cases have
2898       // already been handled
2899       if ((strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) &&
2900           (strncmp(tail, "VMOptionsFile=", strlen("VMOptionsFile=")) != 0)) {
2901         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
2902           return JNI_EINVAL;
2903         }
2904       }
2905     // Unknown option
2906     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
2907       return JNI_ERR;
2908     }
2909   }
2910 
2911   // PrintSharedArchiveAndExit will turn on
2912   //   -Xshare:on
2913   //   -Xlog:class+path=info
2914   if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
2915     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2916       return JNI_EINVAL;
2917     }
2918     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != JVMFlag::SUCCESS) {
2919       return JNI_EINVAL;
2920     }
2921     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, true, LOG_TAGS(class, path));
2922   }
2923 
2924   // Change the default value for flags  which have different default values
2925   // when working with older JDKs.
2926 #ifdef LINUX
2927  if (JDK_Version::current().compare_major(6) <= 0 &&
2928       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks)) {
2929     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks, false);
2930   }
2931 #endif // LINUX
2932   fix_appclasspath();
2933 
2934   return JNI_OK;
2935 }
2936 
2937 void Arguments::add_patch_mod_prefix(const char* module_name, const char* path, bool* patch_mod_javabase) {
2938   // For java.base check for duplicate --patch-module options being specified on the command line.
2939   // This check is only required for java.base, all other duplicate module specifications
2940   // will be checked during module system initialization.  The module system initialization
2941   // will throw an ExceptionInInitializerError if this situation occurs.
2942   if (strcmp(module_name, JAVA_BASE_NAME) == 0) {
2943     if (*patch_mod_javabase) {
2944       vm_exit_during_initialization("Cannot specify " JAVA_BASE_NAME " more than once to --patch-module");
2945     } else {
2946       *patch_mod_javabase = true;
2947     }
2948   }
2949 
2950   // Create GrowableArray lazily, only if --patch-module has been specified
2951   if (_patch_mod_prefix == NULL) {
2952     _patch_mod_prefix = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments) GrowableArray<ModulePatchPath*>(10, true);
2953   }
2954 
2955   _patch_mod_prefix->push(new ModulePatchPath(module_name, path));
2956 }
2957 
2958 // Remove all empty paths from the app classpath (if IgnoreEmptyClassPaths is enabled)
2959 //
2960 // This is necessary because some apps like to specify classpath like -cp foo.jar:${XYZ}:bar.jar
2961 // in their start-up scripts. If XYZ is empty, the classpath will look like "-cp foo.jar::bar.jar".
2962 // Java treats such empty paths as if the user specified "-cp foo.jar:.:bar.jar". I.e., an empty
2963 // path is treated as the current directory.
2964 //
2965 // This causes problems with CDS, which requires that all directories specified in the classpath
2966 // must be empty. In most cases, applications do NOT want to load classes from the current
2967 // directory anyway. Adding -XX:+IgnoreEmptyClassPaths will make these applications' start-up
2968 // scripts compatible with CDS.
2969 void Arguments::fix_appclasspath() {
2970   if (IgnoreEmptyClassPaths) {
2971     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
2972     const char* src = _java_class_path->value();
2973 
2974     // skip over all the leading empty paths
2975     while (*src == separator) {
2976       src ++;
2977     }
2978 
2979     char* copy = os::strdup_check_oom(src, mtArguments);
2980 
2981     // trim all trailing empty paths
2982     for (char* tail = copy + strlen(copy) - 1; tail >= copy && *tail == separator; tail--) {
2983       *tail = '\0';
2984     }
2985 
2986     char from[3] = {separator, separator, '\0'};
2987     char to  [2] = {separator, '\0'};
2988     while (StringUtils::replace_no_expand(copy, from, to) > 0) {
2989       // Keep replacing "::" -> ":" until we have no more "::" (non-windows)
2990       // Keep replacing ";;" -> ";" until we have no more ";;" (windows)
2991     }
2992 
2993     _java_class_path->set_writeable_value(copy);
2994     FreeHeap(copy); // a copy was made by set_value, so don't need this anymore
2995   }
2996 }
2997 
2998 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args(bool patch_mod_javabase) {
2999   // check if the default lib/endorsed directory exists; if so, error
3000   char path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3001   const char* fileSep = os::file_separator();
3002   jio_snprintf(path, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%slib%sendorsed", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3003 
3004   DIR* dir = os::opendir(path);
3005   if (dir != NULL) {
3006     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3007       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/endorsed is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
3008       "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n");
3009     os::closedir(dir);
3010     return JNI_ERR;
3011   }
3012 
3013   jio_snprintf(path, JVM_MAXPATHLEN, "%s%slib%sext", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3014   dir = os::opendir(path);
3015   if (dir != NULL) {
3016     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3017       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/ext exists, extensions mechanism no longer supported; "
3018       "Use -classpath instead.\n.");
3019     os::closedir(dir);
3020     return JNI_ERR;
3021   }
3022 
3023   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed
3024   // and the container support has been initialized since AggressiveHeap
3025   // relies on the amount of total memory available.
3026   if (AggressiveHeap) {
3027     jint result = set_aggressive_heap_flags();
3028     if (result != JNI_OK) {
3029       return result;
3030     }
3031   }
3032 
3033   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed.
3034   // java_compiler() true means set to "NONE" or empty.
3035   if (java_compiler() && !xdebug_mode()) {
3036     // For backwards compatibility, we switch to interpreted mode if
3037     // -Djava.compiler="NONE" or "" is specified AND "-Xdebug" was
3038     // not specified.
3039     set_mode_flags(_int);
3040   }
3041 
3042   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is same as -Xint: Disable compilation (enable interpreter-only mode),
3043   // but like -Xint, leave compilation thresholds unaffected.
3044   // With tiered compilation disabled, setting CompileThreshold to 0 disables compilation as well.
3045   if ((CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0) || (!TieredCompilation && CompileThreshold == 0)) {
3046     set_mode_flags(_int);
3047   }
3048 
3049   // eventually fix up InitialTenuringThreshold if only MaxTenuringThreshold is set
3050   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialTenuringThreshold) && (InitialTenuringThreshold > MaxTenuringThreshold)) {
3051     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialTenuringThreshold, MaxTenuringThreshold);
3052   }
3053 
3054 #if !COMPILER2_OR_JVMCI
3055   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
3056   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
3057       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
3058     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
3059     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
3060     // Java heap and the code cache.
3061     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
3062   }
3063 
3064   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(ProfileInterpreter);
3065   NOT_PRODUCT(UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TraceProfileInterpreter));
3066 #endif
3067 
3068 #ifndef TIERED
3069   // Tiered compilation is undefined.
3070   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TieredCompilation);
3071 #endif
3072 
3073   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
3074     return JNI_ERR;
3075   }
3076 
3077 #if INCLUDE_CDS
3078   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3079     // Disable biased locking now as it interferes with the clean up of
3080     // the archived Klasses and Java string objects (at dump time only).
3081     UseBiasedLocking = false;
3082 
3083     // Always verify non-system classes during CDS dump
3084     if (!BytecodeVerificationRemote) {
3085       BytecodeVerificationRemote = true;
3086       log_info(cds)("All non-system classes will be verified (-Xverify:remote) during CDS dump time.");
3087     }
3088 
3089     // Compilation is already disabled if the user specifies -Xshare:dump.
3090     // Disable compilation in case user specifies -XX:+DumpSharedSpaces instead of -Xshare:dump.
3091     set_mode_flags(_int);
3092   }
3093   if (UseSharedSpaces && patch_mod_javabase) {
3094     no_shared_spaces("CDS is disabled when " JAVA_BASE_NAME " module is patched.");
3095   }
3096   if (UseSharedSpaces && !DumpSharedSpaces && check_unsupported_cds_runtime_properties()) {
3097     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
3098   }
3099 #endif
3100 
3101 #ifndef CAN_SHOW_REGISTERS_ON_ASSERT
3102   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(ShowRegistersOnAssert);
3103 #endif // CAN_SHOW_REGISTERS_ON_ASSERT
3104 
3105   return JNI_OK;
3106 }
3107 
3108 // Helper class for controlling the lifetime of JavaVMInitArgs
3109 // objects.  The contents of the JavaVMInitArgs are guaranteed to be
3110 // deleted on the destruction of the ScopedVMInitArgs object.
3111 class ScopedVMInitArgs : public StackObj {
3112  private:
3113   JavaVMInitArgs _args;
3114   char*          _container_name;
3115   bool           _is_set;
3116   char*          _vm_options_file_arg;
3117 
3118  public:
3119   ScopedVMInitArgs(const char *container_name) {
3120     _args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
3121     _args.nOptions = 0;
3122     _args.options = NULL;
3123     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = false;
3124     _container_name = (char *)container_name;
3125     _is_set = false;
3126     _vm_options_file_arg = NULL;
3127   }
3128 
3129   // Populates the JavaVMInitArgs object represented by this
3130   // ScopedVMInitArgs object with the arguments in options.  The
3131   // allocated memory is deleted by the destructor.  If this method
3132   // returns anything other than JNI_OK, then this object is in a
3133   // partially constructed state, and should be abandoned.
3134   jint set_args(GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>* options) {
3135     _is_set = true;
3136     JavaVMOption* options_arr = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(
3137         JavaVMOption, options->length(), mtArguments);
3138     if (options_arr == NULL) {
3139       return JNI_ENOMEM;
3140     }
3141     _args.options = options_arr;
3142 
3143     for (int i = 0; i < options->length(); i++) {
3144       options_arr[i] = options->at(i);
3145       options_arr[i].optionString = os::strdup(options_arr[i].optionString);
3146       if (options_arr[i].optionString == NULL) {
3147         // Rely on the destructor to do cleanup.
3148         _args.nOptions = i;
3149         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3150       }
3151     }
3152 
3153     _args.nOptions = options->length();
3154     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions;
3155     return JNI_OK;
3156   }
3157 
3158   JavaVMInitArgs* get()             { return &_args; }
3159   char* container_name()            { return _container_name; }
3160   bool  is_set()                    { return _is_set; }
3161   bool  found_vm_options_file_arg() { return _vm_options_file_arg != NULL; }
3162   char* vm_options_file_arg()       { return _vm_options_file_arg; }
3163 
3164   void set_vm_options_file_arg(const char *vm_options_file_arg) {
3165     if (_vm_options_file_arg != NULL) {
3166       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3167     }
3168     _vm_options_file_arg = os::strdup_check_oom(vm_options_file_arg);
3169   }
3170 
3171   ~ScopedVMInitArgs() {
3172     if (_vm_options_file_arg != NULL) {
3173       os::free(_vm_options_file_arg);
3174     }
3175     if (_args.options == NULL) return;
3176     for (int i = 0; i < _args.nOptions; i++) {
3177       os::free(_args.options[i].optionString);
3178     }
3179     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(JavaVMOption, _args.options);
3180   }
3181 
3182   // Insert options into this option list, to replace option at
3183   // vm_options_file_pos (-XX:VMOptionsFile)
3184   jint insert(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3185               const JavaVMInitArgs* args_to_insert,
3186               const int vm_options_file_pos) {
3187     assert(_args.options == NULL, "shouldn't be set yet");
3188     assert(args_to_insert->nOptions != 0, "there should be args to insert");
3189     assert(vm_options_file_pos != -1, "vm_options_file_pos should be set");
3190 
3191     int length = args->nOptions + args_to_insert->nOptions - 1;
3192     GrowableArray<JavaVMOption> *options = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments)
3193               GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>(length, true);    // Construct new option array
3194     for (int i = 0; i < args->nOptions; i++) {
3195       if (i == vm_options_file_pos) {
3196         // insert the new options starting at the same place as the
3197         // -XX:VMOptionsFile option
3198         for (int j = 0; j < args_to_insert->nOptions; j++) {
3199           options->push(args_to_insert->options[j]);
3200         }
3201       } else {
3202         options->push(args->options[i]);
3203       }
3204     }
3205     // make into options array
3206     jint result = set_args(options);
3207     delete options;
3208     return result;
3209   }
3210 };
3211 
3212 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3213   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", args);
3214 }
3215 
3216 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3217   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", args);
3218 }
3219 
3220 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name,
3221                                                    ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3222   char *buffer = ::getenv(name);
3223 
3224   // Don't check this environment variable if user has special privileges
3225   // (e.g. unix su command).
3226   if (buffer == NULL || os::have_special_privileges()) {
3227     return JNI_OK;
3228   }
3229 
3230   if ((buffer = os::strdup(buffer)) == NULL) {
3231     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3232   }
3233 
3234   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3235               "Picked up %s: %s\n", name, buffer);
3236 
3237   int retcode = parse_options_buffer(name, buffer, strlen(buffer), vm_args);
3238 
3239   os::free(buffer);
3240   return retcode;
3241 }
3242 
3243 jint Arguments::parse_vm_options_file(const char* file_name, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3244   // read file into buffer
3245   int fd = ::open(file_name, O_RDONLY);
3246   if (fd < 0) {
3247     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3248                 "Could not open options file '%s'\n",
3249                 file_name);
3250     return JNI_ERR;
3251   }
3252 
3253   struct stat stbuf;
3254   int retcode = os::stat(file_name, &stbuf);
3255   if (retcode != 0) {
3256     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3257                 "Could not stat options file '%s'\n",
3258                 file_name);
3259     os::close(fd);
3260     return JNI_ERR;
3261   }
3262 
3263   if (stbuf.st_size == 0) {
3264     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3265     os::close(fd);
3266     return JNI_OK;
3267   }
3268 
3269   // '+ 1' for NULL termination even with max bytes
3270   size_t bytes_alloc = stbuf.st_size + 1;
3271 
3272   char *buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(char, bytes_alloc, mtArguments);
3273   if (NULL == buf) {
3274     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3275                 "Could not allocate read buffer for options file parse\n");
3276     os::close(fd);
3277     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3278   }
3279 
3280   memset(buf, 0, bytes_alloc);
3281 
3282   // Fill buffer
3283   ssize_t bytes_read = os::read(fd, (void *)buf, (unsigned)bytes_alloc);
3284   os::close(fd);
3285   if (bytes_read < 0) {
3286     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3287     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3288                 "Could not read options file '%s'\n", file_name);
3289     return JNI_ERR;
3290   }
3291 
3292   if (bytes_read == 0) {
3293     // tell caller there is no option data and that is ok
3294     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3295     return JNI_OK;
3296   }
3297 
3298   retcode = parse_options_buffer(file_name, buf, bytes_read, vm_args);
3299 
3300   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, buf);
3301   return retcode;
3302 }
3303 
3304 jint Arguments::parse_options_buffer(const char* name, char* buffer, const size_t buf_len, ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3305   GrowableArray<JavaVMOption> *options = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtArguments) GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>(2, true);    // Construct option array
3306 
3307   // some pointers to help with parsing
3308   char *buffer_end = buffer + buf_len;
3309   char *opt_hd = buffer;
3310   char *wrt = buffer;
3311   char *rd = buffer;
3312 
3313   // parse all options
3314   while (rd < buffer_end) {
3315     // skip leading white space from the input string
3316     while (rd < buffer_end && isspace(*rd)) {
3317       rd++;
3318     }
3319 
3320     if (rd >= buffer_end) {
3321       break;
3322     }
3323 
3324     // Remember this is where we found the head of the token.
3325     opt_hd = wrt;
3326 
3327     // Tokens are strings of non white space characters separated
3328     // by one or more white spaces.
3329     while (rd < buffer_end && !isspace(*rd)) {
3330       if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
3331         int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
3332         rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
3333         while (rd < buffer_end && *rd != quote) {
3334                                             // include everything (even spaces)
3335                                             // up until the close quote
3336           *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
3337         }
3338 
3339         if (rd < buffer_end) {
3340           rd++;                             // don't copy close quote
3341         } else {
3342                                             // did not see closing quote
3343           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3344                       "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
3345           delete options;
3346           return JNI_ERR;
3347         }
3348       } else {
3349         *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
3350       }
3351     }
3352 
3353     // steal a white space character and set it to NULL
3354     *wrt++ = '\0';
3355     // We now have a complete token
3356 
3357     JavaVMOption option;
3358     option.optionString = opt_hd;
3359     option.extraInfo = NULL;
3360 
3361     options->append(option);                // Fill in option
3362 
3363     rd++;  // Advance to next character
3364   }
3365 
3366   // Fill out JavaVMInitArgs structure.
3367   jint status = vm_args->set_args(options);
3368 
3369   delete options;
3370   return status;
3371 }
3372 
3373 void Arguments::set_shared_spaces_flags() {
3374   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3375     if (FailOverToOldVerifier) {
3376       // Don't fall back to the old verifier on verification failure. If a
3377       // class fails verification with the split verifier, it might fail the
3378       // CDS runtime verifier constraint check. In that case, we don't want
3379       // to share the class. We only archive classes that pass the split verifier.
3380       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(FailOverToOldVerifier, false);
3381     }
3382 
3383     if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
3384       warning("Cannot dump shared archive while using shared archive");
3385     }
3386     UseSharedSpaces = false;
3387 #ifdef _LP64
3388     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3389       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3390         "Cannot dump shared archive when UseCompressedOops or UseCompressedClassPointers is off.", NULL);
3391     }
3392   } else {
3393     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3394       no_shared_spaces("UseCompressedOops and UseCompressedClassPointers must be on for UseSharedSpaces.");
3395     }
3396 #endif
3397   }
3398 }
3399 
3400 // Sharing support
3401 // Construct the path to the archive
3402 char* Arguments::get_default_shared_archive_path() {
3403   char *default_archive_path;
3404   char jvm_path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3405   os::jvm_path(jvm_path, sizeof(jvm_path));
3406   char *end = strrchr(jvm_path, *os::file_separator());
3407   if (end != NULL) *end = '\0';
3408   size_t jvm_path_len = strlen(jvm_path);
3409   size_t file_sep_len = strlen(os::file_separator());
3410   const size_t len = jvm_path_len + file_sep_len + 20;
3411   default_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtArguments);
3412   if (default_archive_path != NULL) {
3413     jio_snprintf(default_archive_path, len, "%s%sclasses.jsa",
3414       jvm_path, os::file_separator());
3415   }
3416   return default_archive_path;
3417 }
3418 
3419 static char* get_shared_archive_path() {
3420   char *shared_archive_path;
3421   if (SharedArchiveFile == NULL) {
3422     shared_archive_path = Arguments::get_default_shared_archive_path();
3423   } else {
3424     shared_archive_path = os::strdup_check_oom(SharedArchiveFile, mtArguments);
3425   }
3426   return shared_archive_path;
3427 }
3428 
3429 #ifndef PRODUCT
3430 // Determine whether LogVMOutput should be implicitly turned on.
3431 static bool use_vm_log() {
3432   if (LogCompilation || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogFile) ||
3433       PrintCompilation || PrintInlining || PrintDependencies || PrintNativeNMethods ||
3434       PrintDebugInfo || PrintRelocations || PrintNMethods || PrintExceptionHandlers ||
3435       PrintAssembly || TraceDeoptimization || TraceDependencies ||
3436       (VerifyDependencies && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(VerifyDependencies))) {
3437     return true;
3438   }
3439 
3440 #ifdef COMPILER1
3441   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
3442     return true;
3443   }
3444 #endif // COMPILER1
3445 
3446 #ifdef COMPILER2
3447   if (PrintOptoAssembly || PrintOptoStatistics) {
3448     return true;
3449   }
3450 #endif // COMPILER2
3451 
3452   return false;
3453 }
3454 
3455 #endif // PRODUCT
3456 
3457 bool Arguments::args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
3458   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3459     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3460     const char* tail;
3461     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3462       return true;
3463     }
3464   }
3465   return false;
3466 }
3467 
3468 jint Arguments::insert_vm_options_file(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3469                                        const char* vm_options_file,
3470                                        const int vm_options_file_pos,
3471                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_options_file_args,
3472                                        ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3473   jint code = parse_vm_options_file(vm_options_file, vm_options_file_args);
3474   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3475     return code;
3476   }
3477 
3478   if (vm_options_file_args->get()->nOptions < 1) {
3479     return JNI_OK;
3480   }
3481 
3482   if (args_contains_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args->get())) {
3483     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3484                 "A VM options file may not refer to a VM options file. "
3485                 "Specification of '-XX:VMOptionsFile=<file-name>' in the "
3486                 "options file '%s' in options container '%s' is an error.\n",
3487                 vm_options_file_args->vm_options_file_arg(),
3488                 vm_options_file_args->container_name());
3489     return JNI_EINVAL;
3490   }
3491 
3492   return args_out->insert(args, vm_options_file_args->get(),
3493                           vm_options_file_pos);
3494 }
3495 
3496 // Expand -XX:VMOptionsFile found in args_in as needed.
3497 // mod_args and args_out parameters may return values as needed.
3498 jint Arguments::expand_vm_options_as_needed(const JavaVMInitArgs* args_in,
3499                                             ScopedVMInitArgs* mod_args,
3500                                             JavaVMInitArgs** args_out) {
3501   jint code = match_special_option_and_act(args_in, mod_args);
3502   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3503     return code;
3504   }
3505 
3506   if (mod_args->is_set()) {
3507     // args_in contains -XX:VMOptionsFile and mod_args contains the
3508     // original options from args_in along with the options expanded
3509     // from the VMOptionsFile. Return a short-hand to the caller.
3510     *args_out = mod_args->get();
3511   } else {
3512     *args_out = (JavaVMInitArgs *)args_in;  // no changes so use args_in
3513   }
3514   return JNI_OK;
3515 }
3516 
3517 jint Arguments::match_special_option_and_act(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3518                                              ScopedVMInitArgs* args_out) {
3519   // Remaining part of option string
3520   const char* tail;
3521   ScopedVMInitArgs vm_options_file_args(args_out->container_name());
3522 
3523   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3524     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3525     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
3526       Arguments::set_jvm_flags_file(tail);
3527       continue;
3528     }
3529     if (match_option(option, "-XX:VMOptionsFile=", &tail)) {
3530       if (vm_options_file_args.found_vm_options_file_arg()) {
3531         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3532                     "The option '%s' is already specified in the options "
3533                     "container '%s' so the specification of '%s' in the "
3534                     "same options container is an error.\n",
3535                     vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg(),
3536                     vm_options_file_args.container_name(),
3537                     option->optionString);
3538         return JNI_EINVAL;
3539       }
3540       vm_options_file_args.set_vm_options_file_arg(option->optionString);
3541       // If there's a VMOptionsFile, parse that
3542       jint code = insert_vm_options_file(args, tail, index,
3543                                          &vm_options_file_args, args_out);
3544       if (code != JNI_OK) {
3545         return code;
3546       }
3547       args_out->set_vm_options_file_arg(vm_options_file_args.vm_options_file_arg());
3548       if (args_out->is_set()) {
3549         // The VMOptions file inserted some options so switch 'args'
3550         // to the new set of options, and continue processing which
3551         // preserves "last option wins" semantics.
3552         args = args_out->get();
3553         // The first option from the VMOptionsFile replaces the
3554         // current option.  So we back track to process the
3555         // replacement option.
3556         index--;
3557       }
3558       continue;
3559     }
3560     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions")) {
3561       PrintVMOptions = true;
3562       continue;
3563     }
3564     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintVMOptions")) {
3565       PrintVMOptions = false;
3566       continue;
3567     }
3568     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3569       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = true;
3570       continue;
3571     }
3572     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3573       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false;
3574       continue;
3575     }
3576     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial")) {
3577       JVMFlag::printFlags(tty, false);
3578       vm_exit(0);
3579     }
3580     if (match_option(option, "-XX:NativeMemoryTracking", &tail)) {
3581 #if INCLUDE_NMT
3582       // The launcher did not setup nmt environment variable properly.
3583       if (!MemTracker::check_launcher_nmt_support(tail)) {
3584         warning("Native Memory Tracking did not setup properly, using wrong launcher?");
3585       }
3586 
3587       // Verify if nmt option is valid.
3588       if (MemTracker::verify_nmt_option()) {
3589         // Late initialization, still in single-threaded mode.
3590         if (MemTracker::tracking_level() >= NMT_summary) {
3591           MemTracker::init();
3592         }
3593       } else {
3594         vm_exit_during_initialization("Syntax error, expecting -XX:NativeMemoryTracking=[off|summary|detail]", NULL);
3595       }
3596       continue;
3597 #else
3598       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3599         "Native Memory Tracking is not supported in this VM\n");
3600       return JNI_ERR;
3601 #endif
3602     }
3603 
3604 #ifndef PRODUCT
3605     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsWithComments")) {
3606       JVMFlag::printFlags(tty, true);
3607       vm_exit(0);
3608     }
3609 #endif
3610   }
3611   return JNI_OK;
3612 }
3613 
3614 static void print_options(const JavaVMInitArgs *args) {
3615   const char* tail;
3616   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3617     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3618     if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3619       logOption(tail);
3620     }
3621   }
3622 }
3623 
3624 bool Arguments::handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags() {
3625   if (PrintGC) {
3626     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGC is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc instead.");
3627   }
3628   if (PrintGCDetails) {
3629     log_warning(gc)("-XX:+PrintGCDetails is deprecated. Will use -Xlog:gc* instead.");
3630   }
3631 
3632   if (_gc_log_filename != NULL) {
3633     // -Xloggc was used to specify a filename
3634     const char* gc_conf = PrintGCDetails ? "gc*" : "gc";
3635 
3636     LogTarget(Error, logging) target;
3637     LogStream errstream(target);
3638     return LogConfiguration::parse_log_arguments(_gc_log_filename, gc_conf, NULL, NULL, &errstream);
3639   } else if (PrintGC || PrintGCDetails) {
3640     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Info, !PrintGCDetails, LOG_TAGS(gc));
3641   }
3642   return true;
3643 }
3644 
3645 void Arguments::handle_extra_cms_flags(const char* msg) {
3646   SpecialFlag flag;
3647   const char *flag_name = "UseConcMarkSweepGC";
3648   if (lookup_special_flag(flag_name, flag)) {
3649     handle_aliases_and_deprecation(flag_name, /* print warning */ true);
3650     warning("%s", msg);
3651   }
3652 }
3653 
3654 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
3655 
3656 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* initial_cmd_args) {
3657   assert(verify_special_jvm_flags(), "deprecated and obsolete flag table inconsistent");
3658 
3659   // Initialize ranges, constraints and writeables
3660   JVMFlagRangeList::init();
3661   JVMFlagConstraintList::init();
3662   JVMFlagWriteableList::init();
3663 
3664   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
3665   const char* hotspotrc = ".hotspotrc";
3666   bool settings_file_specified = false;
3667   bool needs_hotspotrc_warning = false;
3668   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
3669   ScopedVMInitArgs initial_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
3670 
3671   // Pointers to current working set of containers
3672   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_cmd_args;
3673   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_options_args;
3674   JavaVMInitArgs* cur_java_tool_options_args;
3675 
3676   // Containers for modified/expanded options
3677   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_cmd_args("cmd_line_args");
3678   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_tool_options_args("env_var='JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS'");
3679   ScopedVMInitArgs mod_java_options_args("env_var='_JAVA_OPTIONS'");
3680 
3681 
3682   jint code =
3683       parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_tool_options_args);
3684   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3685     return code;
3686   }
3687 
3688   code = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&initial_java_options_args);
3689   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3690     return code;
3691   }
3692 
3693   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_tool_options_args.get(),
3694                                      &mod_java_tool_options_args,
3695                                      &cur_java_tool_options_args);
3696   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3697     return code;
3698   }
3699 
3700   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_cmd_args,
3701                                      &mod_cmd_args,
3702                                      &cur_cmd_args);
3703   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3704     return code;
3705   }
3706 
3707   code = expand_vm_options_as_needed(initial_java_options_args.get(),
3708                                      &mod_java_options_args,
3709                                      &cur_java_options_args);
3710   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3711     return code;
3712   }
3713 
3714   const char* flags_file = Arguments::get_jvm_flags_file();
3715   settings_file_specified = (flags_file != NULL);
3716 
3717   if (IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions) {
3718     cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3719     cur_java_tool_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3720     cur_java_options_args->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3721   }
3722 
3723   // Parse specified settings file
3724   if (settings_file_specified) {
3725     if (!process_settings_file(flags_file, true,
3726                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3727       return JNI_EINVAL;
3728     }
3729   } else {
3730 #ifdef ASSERT
3731     // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
3732     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false,
3733                                cur_cmd_args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3734       return JNI_EINVAL;
3735     }
3736 #else
3737     struct stat buf;
3738     if (os::stat(hotspotrc, &buf) == 0) {
3739       needs_hotspotrc_warning = true;
3740     }
3741 #endif
3742   }
3743 
3744   if (PrintVMOptions) {
3745     print_options(cur_java_tool_options_args);
3746     print_options(cur_cmd_args);
3747     print_options(cur_java_options_args);
3748   }
3749 
3750   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
3751   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(cur_java_tool_options_args,
3752                                    cur_java_options_args,
3753                                    cur_cmd_args);
3754 
3755   if (result != JNI_OK) {
3756     return result;
3757   }
3758 
3759   // Call get_shared_archive_path() here, after possible SharedArchiveFile option got parsed.
3760   SharedArchivePath = get_shared_archive_path();
3761   if (SharedArchivePath == NULL) {
3762     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3763   }
3764 
3765   // Set up VerifySharedSpaces
3766   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(VerifySharedSpaces) && SharedArchiveFile != NULL) {
3767     VerifySharedSpaces = true;
3768   }
3769 
3770   // Delay warning until here so that we've had a chance to process
3771   // the -XX:-PrintWarnings flag
3772   if (needs_hotspotrc_warning) {
3773     warning("%s file is present but has been ignored.  "
3774             "Run with -XX:Flags=%s to load the file.",
3775             hotspotrc, hotspotrc);
3776   }
3777 
3778   if (needs_module_property_warning) {
3779     warning("Ignoring system property options whose names match the '-Djdk.module.*'."
3780             " names that are reserved for internal use.");
3781   }
3782 
3783 #if defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) || defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
3784   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseLargePages);
3785 #endif
3786 
3787 #if defined(AIX)
3788   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(AllocateHeapAt);
3789   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(AllocateOldGenAt);
3790 #endif
3791 
3792 #ifndef PRODUCT
3793   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
3794     TraceBytecodes = true;
3795   }
3796   if (CountCompiledCalls) {
3797     if (UseCounterDecay) {
3798       warning("UseCounterDecay disabled because CountCalls is set");
3799       UseCounterDecay = false;
3800     }
3801   }
3802 #endif // PRODUCT
3803 
3804   if (ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
3805     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
3806       warning("Forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero");
3807     }
3808     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
3809   }
3810 
3811   if (!handle_deprecated_print_gc_flags()) {
3812     return JNI_EINVAL;
3813   }
3814 
3815   // Set object alignment values.
3816   set_object_alignment();
3817 
3818 #if !INCLUDE_CDS
3819   if (DumpSharedSpaces || RequireSharedSpaces) {
3820     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3821       "Shared spaces are not supported in this VM\n");
3822     return JNI_ERR;
3823   }
3824   if ((UseSharedSpaces && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseSharedSpaces)) ||
3825       log_is_enabled(Info, cds)) {
3826     warning("Shared spaces are not supported in this VM");
3827     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
3828     LogConfiguration::configure_stdout(LogLevel::Off, true, LOG_TAGS(cds));
3829   }
3830   no_shared_spaces("CDS Disabled");
3831 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
3832 
3833   return JNI_OK;
3834 }
3835 
3836 jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
3837   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
3838   jint result = set_ergonomics_flags();
3839   if (result != JNI_OK) return result;
3840 
3841   // Set heap size based on available physical memory
3842   set_heap_size();
3843 
3844   GCConfig::arguments()->initialize();
3845 
3846   set_shared_spaces_flags();
3847 
3848   // Initialize Metaspace flags and alignments
3849   Metaspace::ergo_initialize();
3850 
3851   // Set compiler flags after GC is selected and GC specific
3852   // flags (LoopStripMiningIter) are set.
3853   CompilerConfig::ergo_initialize();
3854 
3855   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
3856   set_bytecode_flags();
3857 
3858   // Set flags if aggressive optimization flags are enabled
3859   jint code = set_aggressive_opts_flags();
3860   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3861     return code;
3862   }
3863 
3864   // Turn off biased locking for locking debug mode flags,
3865   // which are subtly different from each other but neither works with
3866   // biased locking
3867   if (UseHeavyMonitors
3868 #ifdef COMPILER1
3869       || !UseFastLocking
3870 #endif // COMPILER1
3871 #if INCLUDE_JVMCI
3872       || !JVMCIUseFastLocking
3873 #endif
3874     ) {
3875     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking) && UseBiasedLocking) {
3876       // flag set to true on command line; warn the user that they
3877       // can't enable biased locking here
3878       warning("Biased Locking is not supported with locking debug flags"
3879               "; ignoring UseBiasedLocking flag." );
3880     }
3881     UseBiasedLocking = false;
3882   }
3883 
3884 #ifdef CC_INTERP
3885   // Clear flags not supported on zero.
3886   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ProfileInterpreter, false);
3887   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking, false);
3888   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false));
3889   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false));
3890 #endif // CC_INTERP
3891 
3892   if (PrintAssembly && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DebugNonSafepoints)) {
3893     warning("PrintAssembly is enabled; turning on DebugNonSafepoints to gain additional output");
3894     DebugNonSafepoints = true;
3895   }
3896 
3897   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CompressedClassSpaceSize) && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3898     warning("Setting CompressedClassSpaceSize has no effect when compressed class pointers are not used");
3899   }
3900 
3901 #ifndef PRODUCT
3902   if (!LogVMOutput && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogVMOutput)) {
3903     if (use_vm_log()) {
3904       LogVMOutput = true;
3905     }
3906   }
3907 #endif // PRODUCT
3908 
3909   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
3910     JVMFlag::printSetFlags(tty);
3911   }
3912 
3913   // Apply CPU specific policy for the BiasedLocking
3914   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
3915     if (!VM_Version::use_biased_locking() &&
3916         !(FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseBiasedLocking))) {
3917       UseBiasedLocking = false;
3918     }
3919   }
3920 #ifdef COMPILER2
3921   if (!UseBiasedLocking) {
3922     UseOptoBiasInlining = false;
3923   }
3924 #endif
3925 
3926 #if defined(IA32)
3927   // Only server compiler can optimize safepoints well enough.
3928   if (!is_server_compilation_mode_vm()) {
3929     FLAG_SET_ERGO_IF_DEFAULT(bool, ThreadLocalHandshakes, false);
3930   }
3931 #endif
3932 
3933   // ThreadLocalHandshakesConstraintFunc handles the constraints.
3934   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ThreadLocalHandshakes) || !SafepointMechanism::supports_thread_local_poll()) {
3935     log_debug(ergo)("ThreadLocalHandshakes %s", ThreadLocalHandshakes ? "enabled." : "disabled.");
3936   } else {
3937     log_info(ergo)("ThreadLocalHandshakes %s", ThreadLocalHandshakes ? "enabled." : "disabled.");
3938   }
3939 
3940   return JNI_OK;
3941 }
3942 
3943 jint Arguments::adjust_after_os() {
3944   if (UseNUMA) {
3945     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AllocateHeapAt)) {
3946       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseNUMA, false);
3947     } else if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
3948       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes)) {
3949          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes, 64*M);
3950       }
3951     }
3952     // UseNUMAInterleaving is set to ON for all collectors and
3953     // platforms when UseNUMA is set to ON. NUMA-aware collectors
3954     // such as the parallel collector for Linux and Solaris will
3955     // interleave old gen and survivor spaces on top of NUMA
3956     // allocation policy for the eden space.
3957     // Non NUMA-aware collectors such as CMS, G1 and Serial-GC on
3958     // all platforms and ParallelGC on Windows will interleave all
3959     // of the heap spaces across NUMA nodes.
3960     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving)) {
3961       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseNUMAInterleaving, true);
3962     }
3963   }
3964   return JNI_OK;
3965 }
3966 
3967 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
3968   int count = 0;
3969   while(pl != NULL) {
3970     count++;
3971     pl = pl->next();
3972   }
3973   return count;
3974 }
3975 
3976 // Return the number of readable properties.
3977 int Arguments::PropertyList_readable_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
3978   int count = 0;
3979   while(pl != NULL) {
3980     if (pl->is_readable()) {
3981       count++;
3982     }
3983     pl = pl->next();
3984   }
3985   return count;
3986 }
3987 
3988 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
3989   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
3990   SystemProperty* prop;
3991   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
3992     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
3993   }
3994   return NULL;
3995 }
3996 
3997 // Return the value of the requested property provided that it is a readable property.
3998 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_readable_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
3999   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
4000   SystemProperty* prop;
4001   // Return the property value if the keys match and the property is not internal or
4002   // it's the special internal property "jdk.boot.class.path.append".
4003   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4004     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) {
4005       if (!prop->internal()) {
4006         return prop->value();
4007       } else if (strcmp(key, "jdk.boot.class.path.append") == 0) {
4008         return prop->value();
4009       } else {
4010         // Property is internal and not jdk.boot.class.path.append so return NULL.
4011         return NULL;
4012       }
4013     }
4014   }
4015   return NULL;
4016 }
4017 
4018 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_key_at(SystemProperty *pl, int index) {
4019   int count = 0;
4020   const char* ret_val = NULL;
4021 
4022   while(pl != NULL) {
4023     if(count >= index) {
4024       ret_val = pl->key();
4025       break;
4026     }
4027     count++;
4028     pl = pl->next();
4029   }
4030 
4031   return ret_val;
4032 }
4033 
4034 char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value_at(SystemProperty* pl, int index) {
4035   int count = 0;
4036   char* ret_val = NULL;
4037 
4038   while(pl != NULL) {
4039     if(count >= index) {
4040       ret_val = pl->value();
4041       break;
4042     }
4043     count++;
4044     pl = pl->next();
4045   }
4046 
4047   return ret_val;
4048 }
4049 
4050 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
4051   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
4052   if (p == NULL) {
4053     *plist = new_p;
4054   } else {
4055     while (p->next() != NULL) {
4056       p = p->next();
4057     }
4058     p->set_next(new_p);
4059   }
4060 }
4061 
4062 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v,
4063                                  bool writeable, bool internal) {
4064   if (plist == NULL)
4065     return;
4066 
4067   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, writeable, internal);
4068   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
4069 }
4070 
4071 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty *element) {
4072   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, element);
4073 }
4074 
4075 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
4076 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, const char* v,
4077                                         PropertyAppendable append, PropertyWriteable writeable,
4078                                         PropertyInternal internal) {
4079   if (plist == NULL)
4080     return;
4081 
4082   // If property key exist then update with new value.
4083   SystemProperty* prop;
4084   for (prop = *plist; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4085     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
4086       if (append == AppendProperty) {
4087         prop->append_value(v);
4088       } else {
4089         prop->set_value(v);
4090       }
4091       return;
4092     }
4093   }
4094 
4095   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v, writeable == WriteableProperty, internal == InternalProperty);
4096 }
4097 
4098 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
4099 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
4100 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
4101 // Notes:
4102 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
4103 // NULL terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
4104 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
4105 // expanded one.
4106 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
4107 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
4108                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
4109   const char* p = src;
4110   char* b = buf;
4111   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
4112   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
4113 
4114   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
4115     if (*p == '%') {
4116       switch (*(++p)) {
4117       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
4118         *b++ = *p++;
4119         break;
4120       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
4121         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
4122         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
4123         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
4124         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
4125 
4126         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
4127         // the expanded pid, returns false.
4128         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
4129           return false;
4130         } else {
4131           b += ret;
4132           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
4133           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
4134             // reach the end of the buffer.
4135             return true;
4136           }
4137         }
4138         p++;
4139         break;
4140       }
4141       default :
4142         *b++ = '%';
4143       }
4144     } else {
4145       *b++ = *p++;
4146     }
4147   }
4148   *b = '\0';
4149   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
4150 }