1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 2017, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "logging/log.hpp"
  27 #include "logging/logStream.hpp"
  28 #include "memory/resourceArea.hpp"
  29 #include "runtime/handshake.hpp"
  30 #include "runtime/interfaceSupport.inline.hpp"
  31 #include "runtime/orderAccess.hpp"
  32 #include "runtime/osThread.hpp"
  33 #include "runtime/semaphore.inline.hpp"
  34 #include "runtime/task.hpp"
  35 #include "runtime/timerTrace.hpp"
  36 #include "runtime/thread.hpp"
  37 #include "runtime/vmThread.hpp"
  38 #include "utilities/formatBuffer.hpp"
  39 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
  40 
  41 class HandshakeOperation: public StackObj {
  42 public:
  43   virtual void do_handshake(JavaThread* thread) = 0;
  44   virtual void cancel_handshake(JavaThread* thread) = 0;
  45 };
  46 
  47 class HandshakeThreadsOperation: public HandshakeOperation {
  48   static Semaphore _done;
  49   ThreadClosure* _thread_cl;
  50 
  51 public:
  52   HandshakeThreadsOperation(ThreadClosure* cl) : _thread_cl(cl) {}
  53   void do_handshake(JavaThread* thread);
  54   void cancel_handshake(JavaThread* thread) { _done.signal(); };
  55 
  56   bool thread_has_completed() { return _done.trywait(); }
  57 
  58 #ifdef ASSERT
  59   void check_state() {
  60     assert(!_done.trywait(), "Must be zero");
  61   }
  62 #endif
  63 };
  64 
  65 Semaphore HandshakeThreadsOperation::_done(0);
  66 
  67 class VM_Handshake: public VM_Operation {
  68   const jlong _handshake_timeout;
  69  public:
  70   bool evaluate_at_safepoint() const { return false; }
  71 
  72   bool evaluate_concurrently() const { return false; }
  73 
  74  protected:
  75   HandshakeThreadsOperation* const _op;
  76 
  77   VM_Handshake(HandshakeThreadsOperation* op) :
  78       _handshake_timeout(TimeHelper::millis_to_counter(HandshakeTimeout)), _op(op) {}
  79 
  80   void set_handshake(JavaThread* target) {
  81     target->set_handshake_operation(_op);
  82   }
  83 
  84   // This method returns true for threads completed their operation
  85   // and true for threads canceled their operation.
  86   // A cancellation can happen if the thread is exiting.
  87   bool poll_for_completed_thread() { return _op->thread_has_completed(); }
  88 
  89   bool handshake_has_timed_out(jlong start_time);
  90   static void handle_timeout();
  91 };
  92 
  93 bool VM_Handshake::handshake_has_timed_out(jlong start_time) {
  94   // Check if handshake operation has timed out
  95   if (_handshake_timeout > 0) {
  96     return os::elapsed_counter() >= (start_time + _handshake_timeout);
  97   }
  98   return false;
  99 }
 100 
 101 void VM_Handshake::handle_timeout() {
 102   LogStreamHandle(Warning, handshake) log_stream;
 103   for (JavaThreadIteratorWithHandle jtiwh; JavaThread *thr = jtiwh.next(); ) {
 104     if (thr->has_handshake()) {
 105       log_stream.print("Thread " PTR_FORMAT " has not cleared its handshake op", p2i(thr));
 106       thr->print_thread_state_on(&log_stream);
 107     }
 108   }
 109   log_stream.flush();
 110   fatal("Handshake operation timed out");
 111 }
 112 
 113 class VM_HandshakeOneThread: public VM_Handshake {
 114   JavaThread* _target;
 115   bool _thread_alive;
 116  public:
 117   VM_HandshakeOneThread(HandshakeThreadsOperation* op, JavaThread* target) :
 118     VM_Handshake(op), _target(target), _thread_alive(false) {}
 119 
 120   void doit() {
 121     DEBUG_ONLY(_op->check_state();)
 122     TraceTime timer("Performing single-target operation (vmoperation doit)", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, handshake));
 123 
 124     {
 125       ThreadsListHandle tlh;
 126       if (tlh.includes(_target)) {
 127         set_handshake(_target);
 128         _thread_alive = true;
 129       }
 130     }
 131 
 132     if (!_thread_alive) {
 133       return;
 134     }
 135 
 136     if (!UseMembar) {
 137       os::serialize_thread_states();
 138     }
 139 
 140     log_trace(handshake)("Thread signaled, begin processing by VMThtread");
 141     jlong start_time = os::elapsed_counter();
 142     do {
 143       if (handshake_has_timed_out(start_time)) {
 144         handle_timeout();
 145       }
 146 
 147       // We need to re-think this with SMR ThreadsList.
 148       // There is an assumption in the code that the Threads_lock should be
 149       // locked during certain phases.
 150       MutexLockerEx ml(Threads_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 151       ThreadsListHandle tlh;
 152       if (tlh.includes(_target)) {
 153         // Warning _target's address might be re-used.
 154         // handshake_process_by_vmthread will check the semaphore for us again.
 155         // Since we can't have more then one handshake in flight a reuse of
 156         // _target's address should be okay since the new thread will not have
 157         // an operation.
 158         _target->handshake_process_by_vmthread();
 159       } else {
 160         // We can't warn here since the thread does cancel_handshake after
 161         // it has been removed from the ThreadsList. So we should just keep
 162         // looping here until while below returns false. If we have a bug,
 163         // then we hang here, which is good for debugging.
 164       }
 165     } while (!poll_for_completed_thread());
 166     DEBUG_ONLY(_op->check_state();)
 167   }
 168 
 169   VMOp_Type type() const { return VMOp_HandshakeOneThread; }
 170 
 171   bool thread_alive() const { return _thread_alive; }
 172 };
 173 
 174 class VM_HandshakeAllThreads: public VM_Handshake {
 175  public:
 176   VM_HandshakeAllThreads(HandshakeThreadsOperation* op) : VM_Handshake(op) {}
 177 
 178   void doit() {
 179     DEBUG_ONLY(_op->check_state();)
 180     TraceTime timer("Performing operation (vmoperation doit)", TRACETIME_LOG(Info, handshake));
 181 
 182     int number_of_threads_issued = 0;
 183     for (JavaThreadIteratorWithHandle jtiwh; JavaThread *thr = jtiwh.next(); ) {
 184       set_handshake(thr);
 185       number_of_threads_issued++;
 186     }
 187 
 188     if (number_of_threads_issued < 1) {
 189       log_debug(handshake)("No threads to handshake.");
 190       return;
 191     }
 192 
 193     if (!UseMembar) {
 194       os::serialize_thread_states();
 195     }
 196 
 197     log_debug(handshake)("Threads signaled, begin processing blocked threads by VMThtread");
 198     const jlong start_time = os::elapsed_counter();
 199     int number_of_threads_completed = 0;
 200     do {
 201       // Check if handshake operation has timed out
 202       if (handshake_has_timed_out(start_time)) {
 203         handle_timeout();
 204       }
 205 
 206       // Have VM thread perform the handshake operation for blocked threads.
 207       // Observing a blocked state may of course be transient but the processing is guarded
 208       // by semaphores and we optimistically begin by working on the blocked threads
 209       {
 210           // We need to re-think this with SMR ThreadsList.
 211           // There is an assumption in the code that the Threads_lock should
 212           // be locked during certain phases.
 213           MutexLockerEx ml(Threads_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
 214           for (JavaThreadIteratorWithHandle jtiwh; JavaThread *thr = jtiwh.next(); ) {
 215             // A new thread on the ThreadsList will not have an operation,
 216             // hence it is skipped in handshake_process_by_vmthread.
 217             thr->handshake_process_by_vmthread();
 218           }
 219       }
 220 
 221       while (poll_for_completed_thread()) {
 222         // Includes canceled operations by exiting threads.
 223         number_of_threads_completed++;
 224       }
 225 
 226     } while (number_of_threads_issued > number_of_threads_completed);
 227     assert(number_of_threads_issued == number_of_threads_completed, "Must be the same");
 228     DEBUG_ONLY(_op->check_state();)
 229   }
 230 
 231   VMOp_Type type() const { return VMOp_HandshakeAllThreads; }
 232 };
 233 
 234 class VM_HandshakeFallbackOperation : public VM_Operation {
 235   ThreadClosure* _thread_cl;
 236   Thread* _target_thread;
 237   bool _all_threads;
 238   bool _thread_alive;
 239 public:
 240   VM_HandshakeFallbackOperation(ThreadClosure* cl) :
 241       _thread_cl(cl), _target_thread(NULL), _all_threads(true), _thread_alive(true) {}
 242   VM_HandshakeFallbackOperation(ThreadClosure* cl, Thread* target) :
 243       _thread_cl(cl), _target_thread(target), _all_threads(false), _thread_alive(false) {}
 244 
 245   void doit() {
 246     for (JavaThreadIteratorWithHandle jtiwh; JavaThread *t = jtiwh.next(); ) {
 247       if (_all_threads || t == _target_thread) {
 248         if (t == _target_thread) {
 249           _thread_alive = true;
 250         }
 251         _thread_cl->do_thread(t);
 252       }
 253     }
 254   }
 255 
 256   VMOp_Type type() const { return VMOp_HandshakeFallback; }
 257   bool thread_alive() const { return _thread_alive; }
 258 };
 259 
 260 void HandshakeThreadsOperation::do_handshake(JavaThread* thread) {
 261   ResourceMark rm;
 262   FormatBufferResource message("Operation for thread " PTR_FORMAT ", is_vm_thread: %s",
 263                                p2i(thread), BOOL_TO_STR(Thread::current()->is_VM_thread()));
 264   TraceTime timer(message, TRACETIME_LOG(Debug, handshake, task));
 265   _thread_cl->do_thread(thread);
 266 
 267   // Use the semaphore to inform the VM thread that we have completed the operation
 268   _done.signal();
 269 }
 270 
 271 void Handshake::execute(ThreadClosure* thread_cl) {
 272   if (ThreadLocalHandshakes) {
 273     HandshakeThreadsOperation cto(thread_cl);
 274     VM_HandshakeAllThreads handshake(&cto);
 275     VMThread::execute(&handshake);
 276   } else {
 277     VM_HandshakeFallbackOperation op(thread_cl);
 278     VMThread::execute(&op);
 279   }
 280 }
 281 
 282 bool Handshake::execute(ThreadClosure* thread_cl, JavaThread* target) {
 283   if (ThreadLocalHandshakes) {
 284     HandshakeThreadsOperation cto(thread_cl);
 285     VM_HandshakeOneThread handshake(&cto, target);
 286     VMThread::execute(&handshake);
 287     return handshake.thread_alive();
 288   } else {
 289     VM_HandshakeFallbackOperation op(thread_cl, target);
 290     VMThread::execute(&op);
 291     return op.thread_alive();
 292   }
 293 }
 294 
 295 HandshakeState::HandshakeState() : _operation(NULL), _semaphore(1), _thread_in_process_handshake(false) {}
 296 
 297 void HandshakeState::set_operation(JavaThread* target, HandshakeOperation* op) {
 298   _operation = op;
 299   SafepointMechanism::arm_local_poll_release(target);
 300 }
 301 
 302 void HandshakeState::clear_handshake(JavaThread* target) {
 303   _operation = NULL;
 304   SafepointMechanism::disarm_local_poll_release(target);
 305 }
 306 
 307 void HandshakeState::process_self_inner(JavaThread* thread) {
 308   assert(Thread::current() == thread, "should call from thread");
 309 
 310   if (thread->is_terminated()) {
 311     // If thread is not on threads list but armed, cancel.
 312     thread->cancel_handshake();
 313     return;
 314   }
 315 
 316   CautiouslyPreserveExceptionMark pem(thread);
 317   ThreadInVMForHandshake tivm(thread);
 318   if (!_semaphore.trywait()) {
 319     _semaphore.wait_with_safepoint_check(thread);
 320   }
 321   HandshakeOperation* op = OrderAccess::load_acquire(&_operation);
 322   if (op != NULL) {
 323     // Disarm before execute the operation
 324     clear_handshake(thread);
 325     op->do_handshake(thread);
 326   }
 327   _semaphore.signal();
 328 }
 329 
 330 void HandshakeState::cancel_inner(JavaThread* thread) {
 331   assert(Thread::current() == thread, "should call from thread");
 332   assert(thread->thread_state() == _thread_in_vm, "must be in vm state");
 333   HandshakeOperation* op = _operation;
 334   clear_handshake(thread);
 335   if (op != NULL) {
 336     op->cancel_handshake(thread);
 337   }
 338 }
 339 
 340 bool HandshakeState::vmthread_can_process_handshake(JavaThread* target) {
 341   // SafepointSynchronize::safepoint_safe() does not consider an externally
 342   // suspended thread to be safe. However, this function must be called with
 343   // the Threads_lock held so an externally suspended thread cannot be
 344   // resumed thus it is safe.
 345   assert(Threads_lock->owned_by_self(), "Not holding Threads_lock.");
 346   return SafepointSynchronize::safepoint_safe(target, target->thread_state()) ||
 347          target->is_ext_suspended();
 348 }
 349 
 350 static bool possibly_vmthread_can_process_handshake(JavaThread* target) {
 351   // An externally suspended thread cannot be resumed while the
 352   // Threads_lock is held so it is safe.
 353   // Note that this method is allowed to produce false positives.
 354   assert(Threads_lock->owned_by_self(), "Not holding Threads_lock.");
 355   if (target->is_ext_suspended()) {
 356     return true;
 357   }
 358   switch (target->thread_state()) {
 359   case _thread_in_native:
 360     // native threads are safe if they have no java stack or have walkable stack
 361     return !target->has_last_Java_frame() || target->frame_anchor()->walkable();
 362 
 363   case _thread_blocked:
 364     return true;
 365 
 366   default:
 367     return false;
 368   }
 369 }
 370 
 371 bool HandshakeState::claim_handshake_for_vmthread() {
 372   if (!_semaphore.trywait()) {
 373     return false;
 374   }
 375   if (has_operation()) {
 376     return true;
 377   }
 378   _semaphore.signal();
 379   return false;
 380 }
 381 
 382 void HandshakeState::process_by_vmthread(JavaThread* target) {
 383   assert(Thread::current()->is_VM_thread(), "should call from vm thread");
 384 
 385   if (!has_operation()) {
 386     // JT has already cleared its handshake
 387     return;
 388   }
 389 
 390   if (!possibly_vmthread_can_process_handshake(target)) {
 391     // JT is observed in an unsafe state, it must notice the handshake itself
 392     return;
 393   }
 394 
 395   // Claim the semaphore if there still an operation to be executed.
 396   if (!claim_handshake_for_vmthread()) {
 397     return;
 398   }
 399 
 400   // If we own the semaphore at this point and while owning the semaphore
 401   // can observe a safe state the thread cannot possibly continue without
 402   // getting caught by the semaphore.
 403   if (vmthread_can_process_handshake(target)) {
 404     guarantee(!_semaphore.trywait(), "we should already own the semaphore");
 405 
 406     _operation->do_handshake(target);
 407     // Disarm after VM thread have executed the operation.
 408     clear_handshake(target);
 409     // Release the thread
 410   }
 411 
 412   _semaphore.signal();
 413 }