1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1999, 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #ifndef SHARE_VM_C1_C1_CODESTUBS_HPP
  26 #define SHARE_VM_C1_C1_CODESTUBS_HPP
  27 
  28 #include "c1/c1_FrameMap.hpp"
  29 #include "c1/c1_IR.hpp"
  30 #include "c1/c1_Instruction.hpp"
  31 #include "c1/c1_LIR.hpp"
  32 #include "c1/c1_Runtime1.hpp"
  33 #include "utilities/array.hpp"
  34 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  35 
  36 class CodeEmitInfo;
  37 class LIR_Assembler;
  38 class LIR_OpVisitState;
  39 
  40 // CodeStubs are little 'out-of-line' pieces of code that
  41 // usually handle slow cases of operations. All code stubs
  42 // are collected and code is emitted at the end of the
  43 // nmethod.
  44 
  45 class CodeStub: public CompilationResourceObj {
  46  protected:
  47   Label _entry;                                  // label at the stub entry point
  48   Label _continuation;                           // label where stub continues, if any
  49 
  50  public:
  51   CodeStub() {}
  52 
  53   // code generation
  54   void assert_no_unbound_labels()                { assert(!_entry.is_unbound() && !_continuation.is_unbound(), "unbound label"); }
  55   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e) = 0;
  56   virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const             { return NULL; }
  57   virtual bool is_exception_throw_stub() const   { return false; }
  58   virtual bool is_range_check_stub() const       { return false; }
  59   virtual bool is_divbyzero_stub() const         { return false; }
  60 #ifndef PRODUCT
  61   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const = 0;
  62 #endif
  63 
  64   // label access
  65   Label* entry()                                 { return &_entry; }
  66   Label* continuation()                          { return &_continuation; }
  67   // for LIR
  68   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visit) {
  69 #ifndef PRODUCT
  70     if (LIRTracePeephole && Verbose) {
  71       tty->print("no visitor for ");
  72       print_name(tty);
  73       tty->cr();
  74     }
  75 #endif
  76   }
  77 };
  78 
  79 
  80 define_array(CodeStubArray, CodeStub*)
  81 define_stack(_CodeStubList, CodeStubArray)
  82 
  83 class CodeStubList: public _CodeStubList {
  84  public:
  85   CodeStubList(): _CodeStubList() {}
  86 
  87   void append(CodeStub* stub) {
  88     if (!contains(stub)) {
  89       _CodeStubList::append(stub);
  90     }
  91   }
  92 };
  93 
  94 class CounterOverflowStub: public CodeStub {
  95  private:
  96   CodeEmitInfo* _info;
  97   int           _bci;
  98   LIR_Opr       _method;
  99 
 100 public:
 101   CounterOverflowStub(CodeEmitInfo* info, int bci, LIR_Opr method) :  _info(info), _bci(bci), _method(method) {
 102   }
 103 
 104   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 105 
 106   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 107     visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
 108     visitor->do_input(_method);
 109   }
 110 
 111 #ifndef PRODUCT
 112   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("CounterOverflowStub"); }
 113 #endif // PRODUCT
 114 
 115 };
 116 
 117 class ConversionStub: public CodeStub {
 118  private:
 119   Bytecodes::Code _bytecode;
 120   LIR_Opr         _input;
 121   LIR_Opr         _result;
 122 
 123   static float float_zero;
 124   static double double_zero;
 125  public:
 126   ConversionStub(Bytecodes::Code bytecode, LIR_Opr input, LIR_Opr result)
 127     : _bytecode(bytecode), _input(input), _result(result) {
 128   }
 129 
 130   Bytecodes::Code bytecode() { return _bytecode; }
 131   LIR_Opr         input()    { return _input; }
 132   LIR_Opr         result()   { return _result; }
 133 
 134   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 135   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 136     visitor->do_slow_case();
 137     visitor->do_input(_input);
 138     visitor->do_output(_result);
 139   }
 140 #ifndef PRODUCT
 141   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("ConversionStub"); }
 142 #endif // PRODUCT
 143 };
 144 
 145 
 146 // Throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException by default but can be
 147 // configured to throw IndexOutOfBoundsException in constructor
 148 class RangeCheckStub: public CodeStub {
 149  private:
 150   CodeEmitInfo* _info;
 151   LIR_Opr       _index;
 152   bool          _throw_index_out_of_bounds_exception;
 153 
 154  public:
 155   RangeCheckStub(CodeEmitInfo* info, LIR_Opr index, bool throw_index_out_of_bounds_exception = false);
 156   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 157   virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const             { return _info; }
 158   virtual bool is_exception_throw_stub() const   { return true; }
 159   virtual bool is_range_check_stub() const       { return true; }
 160   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 161     visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
 162     visitor->do_input(_index);
 163   }
 164 #ifndef PRODUCT
 165   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("RangeCheckStub"); }
 166 #endif // PRODUCT
 167 };
 168 
 169 
 170 class DivByZeroStub: public CodeStub {
 171  private:
 172   CodeEmitInfo* _info;
 173   int           _offset;
 174 
 175  public:
 176   DivByZeroStub(CodeEmitInfo* info)
 177     : _info(info), _offset(-1) {
 178   }
 179   DivByZeroStub(int offset, CodeEmitInfo* info)
 180     : _info(info), _offset(offset) {
 181   }
 182   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 183   virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const             { return _info; }
 184   virtual bool is_exception_throw_stub() const   { return true; }
 185   virtual bool is_divbyzero_stub() const         { return true; }
 186   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 187     visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
 188   }
 189 #ifndef PRODUCT
 190   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("DivByZeroStub"); }
 191 #endif // PRODUCT
 192 };
 193 
 194 
 195 class ImplicitNullCheckStub: public CodeStub {
 196  private:
 197   CodeEmitInfo* _info;
 198   int           _offset;
 199 
 200  public:
 201   ImplicitNullCheckStub(int offset, CodeEmitInfo* info)
 202     : _offset(offset), _info(info) {
 203   }
 204   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 205   virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const             { return _info; }
 206   virtual bool is_exception_throw_stub() const   { return true; }
 207   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 208     visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
 209   }
 210 #ifndef PRODUCT
 211   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("ImplicitNullCheckStub"); }
 212 #endif // PRODUCT
 213 };
 214 
 215 
 216 class NewInstanceStub: public CodeStub {
 217  private:
 218   ciInstanceKlass* _klass;
 219   LIR_Opr          _klass_reg;
 220   LIR_Opr          _result;
 221   CodeEmitInfo*    _info;
 222   Runtime1::StubID _stub_id;
 223 
 224  public:
 225   NewInstanceStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr result, ciInstanceKlass* klass, CodeEmitInfo* info, Runtime1::StubID stub_id);
 226   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 227   virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const             { return _info; }
 228   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 229     visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
 230     visitor->do_input(_klass_reg);
 231     visitor->do_output(_result);
 232   }
 233 #ifndef PRODUCT
 234   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("NewInstanceStub"); }
 235 #endif // PRODUCT
 236 };
 237 
 238 
 239 class NewTypeArrayStub: public CodeStub {
 240  private:
 241   LIR_Opr       _klass_reg;
 242   LIR_Opr       _length;
 243   LIR_Opr       _result;
 244   CodeEmitInfo* _info;
 245 
 246  public:
 247   NewTypeArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info);
 248   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 249   virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const             { return _info; }
 250   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 251     visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
 252     visitor->do_input(_klass_reg);
 253     visitor->do_input(_length);
 254     assert(_result->is_valid(), "must be valid"); visitor->do_output(_result);
 255   }
 256 #ifndef PRODUCT
 257   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("NewTypeArrayStub"); }
 258 #endif // PRODUCT
 259 };
 260 
 261 
 262 class NewObjectArrayStub: public CodeStub {
 263  private:
 264   LIR_Opr        _klass_reg;
 265   LIR_Opr        _length;
 266   LIR_Opr        _result;
 267   CodeEmitInfo*  _info;
 268 
 269  public:
 270   NewObjectArrayStub(LIR_Opr klass_reg, LIR_Opr length, LIR_Opr result, CodeEmitInfo* info);
 271   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 272   virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const             { return _info; }
 273   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 274     visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
 275     visitor->do_input(_klass_reg);
 276     visitor->do_input(_length);
 277     assert(_result->is_valid(), "must be valid"); visitor->do_output(_result);
 278   }
 279 #ifndef PRODUCT
 280   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("NewObjectArrayStub"); }
 281 #endif // PRODUCT
 282 };
 283 
 284 
 285 class MonitorAccessStub: public CodeStub {
 286  protected:
 287   LIR_Opr _obj_reg;
 288   LIR_Opr _lock_reg;
 289 
 290  public:
 291   MonitorAccessStub(LIR_Opr obj_reg, LIR_Opr lock_reg) {
 292     _obj_reg  = obj_reg;
 293     _lock_reg  = lock_reg;
 294   }
 295 
 296 #ifndef PRODUCT
 297   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("MonitorAccessStub"); }
 298 #endif // PRODUCT
 299 };
 300 
 301 
 302 class MonitorEnterStub: public MonitorAccessStub {
 303  private:
 304   CodeEmitInfo* _info;
 305 
 306  public:
 307   MonitorEnterStub(LIR_Opr obj_reg, LIR_Opr lock_reg, CodeEmitInfo* info);
 308 
 309   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 310   virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const             { return _info; }
 311   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 312     visitor->do_input(_obj_reg);
 313     visitor->do_input(_lock_reg);
 314     visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
 315   }
 316 #ifndef PRODUCT
 317   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("MonitorEnterStub"); }
 318 #endif // PRODUCT
 319 };
 320 
 321 
 322 class MonitorExitStub: public MonitorAccessStub {
 323  private:
 324   bool _compute_lock;
 325   int  _monitor_ix;
 326 
 327  public:
 328   MonitorExitStub(LIR_Opr lock_reg, bool compute_lock, int monitor_ix)
 329     : MonitorAccessStub(LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr, lock_reg),
 330       _compute_lock(compute_lock), _monitor_ix(monitor_ix) { }
 331   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 332   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 333     assert(_obj_reg->is_illegal(), "unused");
 334     if (_compute_lock) {
 335       visitor->do_temp(_lock_reg);
 336     } else {
 337       visitor->do_input(_lock_reg);
 338     }
 339   }
 340 #ifndef PRODUCT
 341   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("MonitorExitStub"); }
 342 #endif // PRODUCT
 343 };
 344 
 345 
 346 class PatchingStub: public CodeStub {
 347  public:
 348   enum PatchID {
 349     access_field_id,
 350     load_klass_id,
 351     load_mirror_id
 352   };
 353   enum constants {
 354     patch_info_size = 3
 355   };
 356  private:
 357   PatchID       _id;
 358   address       _pc_start;
 359   int           _bytes_to_copy;
 360   Label         _patched_code_entry;
 361   Label         _patch_site_entry;
 362   Label         _patch_site_continuation;
 363   Register      _obj;
 364   CodeEmitInfo* _info;
 365   int           _index;  // index of the patchable oop or Klass* in nmethod oop or metadata table if needed
 366   static int    _patch_info_offset;
 367 
 368   void align_patch_site(MacroAssembler* masm);
 369 
 370  public:
 371   static int patch_info_offset() { return _patch_info_offset; }
 372 
 373   PatchingStub(MacroAssembler* masm, PatchID id, int index = -1):
 374       _id(id)
 375     , _info(NULL)
 376     , _index(index) {
 377     if (os::is_MP()) {
 378       // force alignment of patch sites on MP hardware so we
 379       // can guarantee atomic writes to the patch site.
 380       align_patch_site(masm);
 381     }
 382     _pc_start = masm->pc();
 383     masm->bind(_patch_site_entry);
 384   }
 385 
 386   void install(MacroAssembler* masm, LIR_PatchCode patch_code, Register obj, CodeEmitInfo* info) {
 387     _info = info;
 388     _obj = obj;
 389     masm->bind(_patch_site_continuation);
 390     _bytes_to_copy = masm->pc() - pc_start();
 391     if (_id == PatchingStub::access_field_id) {
 392       // embed a fixed offset to handle long patches which need to be offset by a word.
 393       // the patching code will just add the field offset field to this offset so
 394       // that we can refernce either the high or low word of a double word field.
 395       int field_offset = 0;
 396       switch (patch_code) {
 397       case lir_patch_low:         field_offset = lo_word_offset_in_bytes; break;
 398       case lir_patch_high:        field_offset = hi_word_offset_in_bytes; break;
 399       case lir_patch_normal:      field_offset = 0;                       break;
 400       default: ShouldNotReachHere();
 401       }
 402       NativeMovRegMem* n_move = nativeMovRegMem_at(pc_start());
 403       n_move->set_offset(field_offset);
 404     } else if (_id == load_klass_id || _id == load_mirror_id) {
 405       assert(_obj != noreg, "must have register object for load_klass/load_mirror");
 406 #ifdef ASSERT
 407       // verify that we're pointing at a NativeMovConstReg
 408       nativeMovConstReg_at(pc_start());
 409 #endif
 410     } else {
 411       ShouldNotReachHere();
 412     }
 413     assert(_bytes_to_copy <= (masm->pc() - pc_start()), "not enough bytes");
 414   }
 415 
 416   address pc_start() const                       { return _pc_start; }
 417   PatchID id() const                             { return _id; }
 418 
 419   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 420   virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const             { return _info; }
 421   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 422     visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
 423   }
 424 #ifndef PRODUCT
 425   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("PatchingStub"); }
 426 #endif // PRODUCT
 427 };
 428 
 429 
 430 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 431 // DeoptimizeStub
 432 //
 433 class DeoptimizeStub : public CodeStub {
 434 private:
 435   CodeEmitInfo* _info;
 436 
 437 public:
 438   DeoptimizeStub(CodeEmitInfo* info) : _info(new CodeEmitInfo(info)) {}
 439 
 440   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 441   virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const           { return _info; }
 442   virtual bool is_exception_throw_stub() const { return true; }
 443   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 444     visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
 445   }
 446 #ifndef PRODUCT
 447   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("DeoptimizeStub"); }
 448 #endif // PRODUCT
 449 };
 450 
 451 
 452 class SimpleExceptionStub: public CodeStub {
 453  private:
 454   LIR_Opr          _obj;
 455   Runtime1::StubID _stub;
 456   CodeEmitInfo*    _info;
 457 
 458  public:
 459   SimpleExceptionStub(Runtime1::StubID stub, LIR_Opr obj, CodeEmitInfo* info):
 460     _obj(obj), _info(info), _stub(stub) {
 461   }
 462 
 463   void set_obj(LIR_Opr obj) {
 464     _obj = obj;
 465   }
 466 
 467   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 468   virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const             { return _info; }
 469   virtual bool is_exception_throw_stub() const   { return true; }
 470   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 471     if (_obj->is_valid()) visitor->do_input(_obj);
 472     visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
 473   }
 474 #ifndef PRODUCT
 475   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("SimpleExceptionStub"); }
 476 #endif // PRODUCT
 477 };
 478 
 479 
 480 
 481 class ArrayStoreExceptionStub: public SimpleExceptionStub {
 482  private:
 483   CodeEmitInfo* _info;
 484 
 485  public:
 486   ArrayStoreExceptionStub(LIR_Opr obj, CodeEmitInfo* info): SimpleExceptionStub(Runtime1::throw_array_store_exception_id, obj, info) {}
 487 #ifndef PRODUCT
 488   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("ArrayStoreExceptionStub"); }
 489 #endif // PRODUCT
 490 };
 491 
 492 
 493 class ArrayCopyStub: public CodeStub {
 494  private:
 495   LIR_OpArrayCopy* _op;
 496 
 497  public:
 498   ArrayCopyStub(LIR_OpArrayCopy* op): _op(op) { }
 499 
 500   LIR_Opr src() const                         { return _op->src(); }
 501   LIR_Opr src_pos() const                     { return _op->src_pos(); }
 502   LIR_Opr dst() const                         { return _op->dst(); }
 503   LIR_Opr dst_pos() const                     { return _op->dst_pos(); }
 504   LIR_Opr length() const                      { return _op->length(); }
 505   LIR_Opr tmp() const                         { return _op->tmp(); }
 506 
 507   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 508   virtual CodeEmitInfo* info() const          { return _op->info(); }
 509   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 510     // don't pass in the code emit info since it's processed in the fast path
 511     visitor->do_slow_case();
 512   }
 513 #ifndef PRODUCT
 514   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("ArrayCopyStub"); }
 515 #endif // PRODUCT
 516 };
 517 
 518 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 519 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
 520 
 521 // Code stubs for Garbage-First barriers.
 522 class G1PreBarrierStub: public CodeStub {
 523  private:
 524   bool _do_load;
 525   LIR_Opr _addr;
 526   LIR_Opr _pre_val;
 527   LIR_PatchCode _patch_code;
 528   CodeEmitInfo* _info;
 529 
 530  public:
 531   // Version that _does_ generate a load of the previous value from addr.
 532   // addr (the address of the field to be read) must be a LIR_Address
 533   // pre_val (a temporary register) must be a register;
 534   G1PreBarrierStub(LIR_Opr addr, LIR_Opr pre_val, LIR_PatchCode patch_code, CodeEmitInfo* info) :
 535     _addr(addr), _pre_val(pre_val), _do_load(true),
 536     _patch_code(patch_code), _info(info)
 537   {
 538     assert(_pre_val->is_register(), "should be temporary register");
 539     assert(_addr->is_address(), "should be the address of the field");
 540   }
 541 
 542   // Version that _does not_ generate load of the previous value; the
 543   // previous value is assumed to have already been loaded into pre_val.
 544   G1PreBarrierStub(LIR_Opr pre_val) :
 545     _addr(LIR_OprFact::illegalOpr), _pre_val(pre_val), _do_load(false),
 546     _patch_code(lir_patch_none), _info(NULL)
 547   {
 548     assert(_pre_val->is_register(), "should be a register");
 549   }
 550 
 551   LIR_Opr addr() const { return _addr; }
 552   LIR_Opr pre_val() const { return _pre_val; }
 553   LIR_PatchCode patch_code() const { return _patch_code; }
 554   CodeEmitInfo* info() const { return _info; }
 555   bool do_load() const { return _do_load; }
 556 
 557   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 558   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 559     if (_do_load) {
 560       // don't pass in the code emit info since it's processed in the fast
 561       // path
 562       if (_info != NULL)
 563         visitor->do_slow_case(_info);
 564       else
 565         visitor->do_slow_case();
 566 
 567       visitor->do_input(_addr);
 568       visitor->do_temp(_pre_val);
 569     } else {
 570       visitor->do_slow_case();
 571       visitor->do_input(_pre_val);
 572     }
 573   }
 574 #ifndef PRODUCT
 575   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("G1PreBarrierStub"); }
 576 #endif // PRODUCT
 577 };
 578 
 579 class G1PostBarrierStub: public CodeStub {
 580  private:
 581   LIR_Opr _addr;
 582   LIR_Opr _new_val;
 583 
 584   static jbyte* _byte_map_base;
 585   static jbyte* byte_map_base_slow();
 586   static jbyte* byte_map_base() {
 587     if (_byte_map_base == NULL) {
 588       _byte_map_base = byte_map_base_slow();
 589     }
 590     return _byte_map_base;
 591   }
 592 
 593  public:
 594   // addr (the address of the object head) and new_val must be registers.
 595   G1PostBarrierStub(LIR_Opr addr, LIR_Opr new_val): _addr(addr), _new_val(new_val) { }
 596 
 597   LIR_Opr addr() const { return _addr; }
 598   LIR_Opr new_val() const { return _new_val; }
 599 
 600   virtual void emit_code(LIR_Assembler* e);
 601   virtual void visit(LIR_OpVisitState* visitor) {
 602     // don't pass in the code emit info since it's processed in the fast path
 603     visitor->do_slow_case();
 604     visitor->do_input(_addr);
 605     visitor->do_input(_new_val);
 606   }
 607 #ifndef PRODUCT
 608   virtual void print_name(outputStream* out) const { out->print("G1PostBarrierStub"); }
 609 #endif // PRODUCT
 610 };
 611 
 612 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
 613 //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 614 
 615 #endif // SHARE_VM_C1_C1_CODESTUBS_HPP