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make/data/tzdata/europe
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*** 19,28 ****
--- 19,30 ----
#
# Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
# or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
# questions.
#
+ # tzdb data for Europe and environs
+
# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
*** 538,548 ****
# and with tests for OpenJDK:
# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025822.html
#
# To work around this problem, the build procedure can translate the
# following data into two forms, one with negative SAVE values and the
! # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish time stamps
# after 1971-10-31 02:00 UTC; although this approximation has tm_isdst
# flags that are reversed, its UTC offsets are correct and this often
# suffices. This source file currently uses only nonnegative SAVE
# values, but this is intended to change and downstream code should
# not rely on it.
--- 540,550 ----
# and with tests for OpenJDK:
# https://mm.icann.org/pipermail/tz/2018-January/025822.html
#
# To work around this problem, the build procedure can translate the
# following data into two forms, one with negative SAVE values and the
! # other form with a traditional approximation for Irish timestamps
# after 1971-10-31 02:00 UTC; although this approximation has tm_isdst
# flags that are reversed, its UTC offsets are correct and this often
# suffices. This source file currently uses only nonnegative SAVE
# values, but this is intended to change and downstream code should
# not rely on it.
*** 2448,2470 ****
# until February 1997, and then in RU9 with Khabarovsk and Vladivostok
# since September 1997.... Although the Kuril Islands are
# administratively part of Sakhalin oblast', they appear to have
# remained on UTC+11 along with Magadan.
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06):
# The comments detailing the coverage of each Russian zone are meant to assist
# with maintenance only and represent our best guesses as to which regions
# are covered by each zone. They are not meant to be taken as an authoritative
# listing. The region codes listed come from
# https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498
# and are used for convenience only; no guarantees are made regarding their
# future stability. ISO 3166-2:RU codes are also listed for first-level
# divisions where available.
- # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-
-
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
# Europe/Kaliningrad covers...
# 39 RU-KGD Kaliningrad Oblast
# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
--- 2450,2496 ----
# until February 1997, and then in RU9 with Khabarovsk and Vladivostok
# since September 1997.... Although the Kuril Islands are
# administratively part of Sakhalin oblast', they appear to have
# remained on UTC+11 along with Magadan.
+ # From Marat Nigametzianov (2018-07-16):
+ # this is link to order from 1956 about timezone in USSR
+ # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2011/11/novyie-granitsyi-chasovyih-poyasov-v-sssr/
+ #
+ # From Paul Eggert (2018-07-16):
+ # Perhaps someone could translate the above-mentioned link and use it
+ # to correct our data for the ex-Soviet Union. It cites the following:
+ # «Поясное время и новые границы часовых поясов» / сост. П.Н. Долгов,
+ # отв. ред. Г.Д. Бурдун - М: Комитет стандартов, мер и измерительных
+ # приборов при Совете Министров СССР, Междуведомственная комиссия
+ # единой службы времени, 1956 г.
+ # This book looks like it would be a helpful resource for the Soviet
+ # Union through 1956. Although a copy was in the Scientific Library
+ # of Tomsk State University, I have not been able to track down a copy nearby.
+ #
+ # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-07-21):
+ # http://astro.uni-altai.ru/~orion/blog/2015/05/center-reforma-ischisleniya-vremeni-br-na-territorii-sssr-v-1957-godu-center/
+ # says that the 1956 decision to change time belts' borders was not
+ # implemented as planned in 1956 and the change happened in 1957.
+ # There is also the problem that actual time zones were different from
+ # the official time belts (and from many time belts' maps) as there were
+ # numerous exceptions to application of time belt rules. For example,
+ # https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Московское_время#Перемещение_границы_применения_московского_времени_на_восток
+ # says that by 1962 there were many regions in the 3rd time belt that
+ # were on Moscow time, referring to a 1962 map. By 1989 number of such
+ # exceptions grew considerably.
+
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-06):
# The comments detailing the coverage of each Russian zone are meant to assist
# with maintenance only and represent our best guesses as to which regions
# are covered by each zone. They are not meant to be taken as an authoritative
# listing. The region codes listed come from
# https://en.wikipedia.org/w/?title=Federal_subjects_of_Russia&oldid=611810498
# and are used for convenience only; no guarantees are made regarding their
# future stability. ISO 3166-2:RU codes are also listed for first-level
# divisions where available.
# From Tim Parenti (2014-07-03):
# Europe/Kaliningrad covers...
# 39 RU-KGD Kaliningrad Oblast
# From Paul Eggert (2016-03-18):
*** 2728,2746 ****
# From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11):
# Europe/Volgograd covers:
# 34 RU-VGG Volgograd Oblast
# The 1988 transition is from USSR act No. 5 (1988-01-04).
Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3
3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21
4:00 - +04 1961 Nov 11
4:00 Russia +04/+05 1988 Mar 27 2:00s
3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
! 3:00 - +03
# From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11):
# Europe/Saratov covers:
# 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast
--- 2754,2782 ----
# From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11):
# Europe/Volgograd covers:
# 34 RU-VGG Volgograd Oblast
# The 1988 transition is from USSR act No. 5 (1988-01-04).
+ # From Alexander Fetisov (2018-09-20):
+ # Volgograd region in southern Russia (Europe/Volgograd) change
+ # timezone from UTC+3 to UTC+4 from 28oct2018.
+ # http://sozd.parliament.gov.ru/bill/452878-7
+ #
+ # From Stepan Golosunov (2018-10-11):
+ # The law has been published today on
+ # http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201810110037
+
Zone Europe/Volgograd 2:57:40 - LMT 1920 Jan 3
3:00 - +03 1930 Jun 21
4:00 - +04 1961 Nov 11
4:00 Russia +04/+05 1988 Mar 27 2:00s
3:00 Russia +03/+04 1991 Mar 31 2:00s
4:00 - +04 1992 Mar 29 2:00s
3:00 Russia +03/+04 2011 Mar 27 2:00s
4:00 - +04 2014 Oct 26 2:00s
! 3:00 - +03 2018 Oct 28 2:00s
! 4:00 - +04
# From Paul Eggert (2016-11-11):
# Europe/Saratov covers:
# 64 RU-SAR Saratov Oblast
*** 3445,3454 ****
--- 3481,3491 ----
Zone Africa/Ceuta -0:21:16 - LMT 1900 Dec 31 23:38:44
0:00 - WET 1918 May 6 23:00
0:00 1:00 WEST 1918 Oct 7 23:00
0:00 - WET 1924
0:00 Spain WE%sT 1929
+ 0:00 - WET 1967 # Help zishrink.awk.
0:00 SpainAfrica WE%sT 1984 Mar 16
1:00 - CET 1986
1:00 EU CE%sT
Zone Atlantic/Canary -1:01:36 - LMT 1922 Mar # Las Palmas de Gran C.
-1:00 - -01 1946 Sep 30 1:00
*** 3630,3640 ****
# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/22588.pdf - page 1 for 1996, 1997
# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/23286.pdf - page 10 for 1998 - 2000
# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2001/03/20010324.htm#2 - for 2001
# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2002/03/20020316.htm#2 - for 2002-2006
# From Paul Eggert (2016-09-25):
! # Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for time stamps after 1985.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-09):
# Starting 2007 though, it seems that they are adopting EU's 1:00 UTC
# start/end time, according to the following page (2007-03-07):
# http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/news/402029.asp
--- 3667,3677 ----
# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/22588.pdf - page 1 for 1996, 1997
# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/arsiv/23286.pdf - page 10 for 1998 - 2000
# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2001/03/20010324.htm#2 - for 2001
# http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2002/03/20020316.htm#2 - for 2002-2006
# From Paul Eggert (2016-09-25):
! # Prefer the above sources to Shanks & Pottenger for timestamps after 1985.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-09):
# Starting 2007 though, it seems that they are adopting EU's 1:00 UTC
# start/end time, according to the following page (2007-03-07):
# http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/news/402029.asp
*** 3840,3853 ****
# 03 29 1992 02:00 -02.00 1 DST started
# 09 27 1992 03:00 -02.00 0 DST ended
# * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 20.03.1992, No. 139.
# http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_8u/pg_grcasa.htm
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! # Most of Ukraine since 1970 has been like Kiev.
! # "Kyiv" is the transliteration of the Ukrainian name, but
! # "Kiev" is more common in English.
Zone Europe/Kiev 2:02:04 - LMT 1880
2:02:04 - KMT 1924 May 2 # Kiev Mean Time
2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21
3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 20
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Nov 6
--- 3877,3909 ----
# 03 29 1992 02:00 -02.00 1 DST started
# 09 27 1992 03:00 -02.00 0 DST ended
# * Ukrainian Government's Resolution of 20.03.1992, No. 139.
# http://www.uazakon.com/documents/date_8u/pg_grcasa.htm
+ # From Paul Eggert (2018-10-03):
+ # As is usual in tzdb, Ukrainian zones use the most common English spellings.
+ # For example, tzdb uses Europe/Kiev, as "Kiev" is the most common spelling in
+ # English for Ukraine's capital, even though it is certainly wrong as a
+ # transliteration of the Ukrainian "Київ". This is similar to tzdb's use of
+ # Europe/Prague, which is certainly wrong as a transliteration of the Czech
+ # "Praha". ("Kiev" came from old Slavic via Russian to English, and "Prague"
+ # came from old Slavic via French to English, so the two cases have something
+ # in common.) Admittedly English-language spelling of Ukrainian names is
+ # controversial, and some day "Kyiv" may become substantially more popular in
+ # English; in the meantime, stick with the traditional English "Kiev" as that
+ # means less disruption for our users.
+ #
+ # Anyway, none of the common English-language spellings (Kiev, Kyiv, Kieff,
+ # Kijeff, Kijev, Kiyef, Kiyeff) do justice to the common pronunciation in
+ # Ukrainian, namely [ˈkɪjiu̯] (IPA). This pronunciation has nothing like an
+ # English "v" or "f", and instead trails off with what an English-speaker
+ # would call a demure "oo" sound, and it would would be better anglicized as
+ # "Kuiyu". Here's a sound file, if you would like to do as the Kuiyuvians do:
+ # https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Uk-Київ.ogg
+
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
! # This represents most of Ukraine. See above for the spelling of "Kiev".
Zone Europe/Kiev 2:02:04 - LMT 1880
2:02:04 - KMT 1924 May 2 # Kiev Mean Time
2:00 - EET 1930 Jun 21
3:00 - MSK 1941 Sep 20
1:00 C-Eur CE%sT 1943 Nov 6
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