1 #
2 # DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
3 #
4 # This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
5 # under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
6 # published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
7 # particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
8 # by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
9 #
10 # This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
11 # ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
12 # FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
13 # version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
14 # accompanied this code).
15 #
16 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
17 # 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
18 # Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
19 #
20 # Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
21 # or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
22 # questions.
23 #
24 # tzdb data for North and Central America and environs
25
26 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
27 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
28
29 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
30
31 # This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
32 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
33 # tz@iana.org for general use in the future). For more, please see
34 # the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
35
36 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
37 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
38 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
39
40 ###############################################################################
41
42 # United States
43
44 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
45 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
46 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
47 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
48 # His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
49 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
50 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
51 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
52
53 # From Paul Eggert (2018-03-20):
54 # Dowd's proposal left many details unresolved, such as where to draw
55 # lines between time zones. The key individual who made time zones
56 # work in the US was William Frederick Allen - railway engineer,
57 # managing editor of the Travelers' Guide, and secretary of the
58 # General Time Convention, a railway standardization group. Allen
59 # spent months in dialogs with scientific and railway leaders,
60 # developed a workable plan to institute time zones, and presented it
61 # to the General Time Convention on 1883-04-11, saying that his plan
62 # meant "local time would be practically abolished" - a plus for
63 # railway scheduling. By the next convention on 1883-10-11 nearly all
64 # railroads had agreed and it took effect on 1883-11-18. That Sunday
65 # was called the "day of two noons", as some locations observed noon
66 # twice. Allen witnessed the transition in New York City, writing:
67 #
68 # I heard the bells of St. Paul's strike on the old time. Four
69 # minutes later, obedient to the electrical signal from the Naval
70 # Observatory ... the time-ball made its rapid descent, the chimes
71 # of old Trinity rang twelve measured strokes, and local time was
72 # abandoned, probably forever.
73 #
74 # Most of the US soon followed suit. See:
75 # Bartky IR. The adoption of standard time. Technol Cult 1989 Jan;30(1):25-56.
76 # https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105430
77
78 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
79 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
80 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
81
82 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
83 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
84 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
85 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
86 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
87 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
88
89 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
90 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
91 # in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
92 # of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
93 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
94 #
95 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
96 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
97 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
98 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
99 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
100 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
101 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
102 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
103 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
104 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
105 #
106 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
107 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
108 #
109 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
110 # Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
111 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927).
112 # http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html
113 #
114 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
115 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
116 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
117 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
118
119 # From Arthur David Olson:
120 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
121 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
122 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
123
124 # From Arthur David Olson:
125 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
126 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
127
128 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
129 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
130 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
131 # An AltaVista search turned up:
132 # https://web.archive.org/web/20000926032210/http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
133 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
134 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
135 # (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
136 #
137 # From Paul Eggert (2017-09-23):
138 # This was the V-J Day issue of the Clamdigger, a Rowayton, CT newsletter.
139
140 # From Joseph Gallant citing
141 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
142 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
143 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
144 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
145 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
146 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
147 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
148 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
149
150 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
151 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
152 #
153 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
154 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
155 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
156 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
157 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
158 # importance."
159 #
160 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
161 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
162 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
163 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
164 #
165 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
166
167 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
168 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
169 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
170 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
171 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
172
173 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
174 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
175 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
176 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
177 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
178 Rule US 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
179 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
180 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
181 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
182 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
183 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
184 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
185 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
186 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
187
188 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
189 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
190 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
191 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
192 # this time zone package.
193 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
194 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
195 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
196 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
197 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
198
199 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
200 Zone EST -5:00 - EST
201 Zone MST -7:00 - MST
202 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
203 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
204 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
205 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
206 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
207
208 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
209 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
210 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
211 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
212 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
213 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
214 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
215 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
216 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
217 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
218 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
219 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
220 # USA " 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
221 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
222 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
223
224 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
225 # The above dates are for 1988.
226 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
227 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
228 # Aleutians.
229
230 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
231 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
232 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
233 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
234 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
235 # (none)
236 # United States standard eastern time
237 # United States standard mountain time
238 # United States standard central time
239 # United States standard Pacific time
240 # (none)
241 # United States standard Alaska time
242 # (none)
243 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
244 # public law 98-181):
245 # Atlantic standard time
246 # eastern standard time
247 # central standard time
248 # mountain standard time
249 # Pacific standard time
250 # Yukon standard time
251 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
252 # Bering standard time
253 # And after 1983-11-30:
254 # Atlantic standard time
255 # eastern standard time
256 # central standard time
257 # mountain standard time
258 # Pacific standard time
259 # Alaska standard time
260 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
261 # Samoa standard time
262 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
263 #
264 # From Paul Eggert (2016-12-19):
265 # Here are URLs for the 1918 and 1966 legislation:
266 # http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=40&page=451
267 # http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=80&page=108
268 # Although the 1918 names were officially "United States Standard
269 # Eastern Time" and similarly for "Central", "Mountain", "Pacific",
270 # and "Alaska", in practice "Standard" was placed just before "Time",
271 # as codified in 1966. In practice, Alaska time was abbreviated "AST"
272 # before 1968. Summarizing the 1967 name changes:
273 # 1918 names 1967 names
274 # -08 Standard Pacific Time (PST) Pacific standard time (PST)
275 # -09 (unofficial) Yukon (YST) Yukon standard time (YST)
276 # -10 Standard Alaska Time (AST) Alaska-Hawaii standard time (AHST)
277 # -11 (unofficial) Nome (NST) Bering standard time (BST)
278 #
279 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
280 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced ... "Chamorro Standard Time"
281 # for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas. See the file "australasia".
282 #
283 # From Paul Eggert (2015-04-17):
284 # HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian
285 # standard and daylight times. See section 9.47 (p 234) of the
286 # U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008)
287 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf
288
289 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
290 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
291 #
292 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
293 # (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
294 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
295 # (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second
296 # Sunday of March"; and
297 # (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first
298 # Sunday of November'.
299 # (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
300 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
301 # (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective
302 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
303 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
304 # States.
305 # (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the
306 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
307 # Department study is complete.
308
309 # US eastern time, represented by New York
310
311 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
312 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
313 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
314 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
315 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
316 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
317
318 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
319 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
320 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
321 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
322 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
323 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
324
325 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
326 # According to today's Huntsville Times
327 # http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1
328 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
329 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
330 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
331 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
332 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
333 # in Columbus."
334 #
335 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22):
336 # Four cities are involved. The two not mentioned above are Smiths Station
337 # and Valley. Barbara Brooks, Valley's assistant treasurer, heard it started
338 # because West Point Pepperell textile mills were in Alabama while the
339 # corporate office was in Georgia, and residents voted to keep Eastern
340 # time even after the mills closed. See: Kazek K. Did you know which
341 # Alabama towns are in a different time zone? al.com 2017-02-06.
342 # http://www.al.com/living/index.ssf/2017/02/do_you_know_which_alabama_town.html
343
344 # From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
345 # Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
346 # says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
347 # Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch. Round to the
348 # nearest second.
349
350 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
351 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
352 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
353 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
354 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
355 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
356 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
357 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
358 -5:00 US E%sT 1920
359 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1942
360 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
361 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1967
362 -5:00 US E%sT
363
364 # US central time, represented by Chicago
365
366 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
367 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
368 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
369 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
370 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
371 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
372 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
373 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
374
375 # From Paul Eggert (2018-01-07):
376 # In 1869 the Chicago Astronomical Society contracted with the city to keep
377 # time. Though delayed by the Great Fire, by 1880 a wire ran from the
378 # Dearborn Observatory (on the University of Chicago campus) to City Hall,
379 # which then sent signals to police and fire stations. However, railroads got
380 # their time signals from the Allegheny Observatory, the Madison Observatory,
381 # the Ann Arbor Observatory, etc., so their clocks did not agree with each
382 # other or with the city's official time. The confusion took some years to
383 # clear up. See:
384 # Moser M. How Chicago gave America its time zones. Chicago. 2018-01-04.
385 # http://www.chicagomag.com/city-life/January-2018/How-Chicago-Gave-America-Its-Time-Zones/
386
387 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
388 # https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/175.pdf
389 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
390 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
391 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
392 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
393 #
394 # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
395 # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
396 # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
397 # https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2007/related/acts/3
398
399 # From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21):
400 # Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is
401 # the rest of Stanley County. Most of Stanley County and Fort Pierre
402 # uses the Central time zone due to doing most of their business in
403 # Pierre so it simplifies schedules. I have lived in Stanley County
404 # all my life and it has been that way since I can remember. (43 years!)
405 #
406 # From Paul Eggert (2015-12-25):
407 # Assume this practice predates 1970, so Fort Pierre can use America/Chicago.
408
409 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
410 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
411 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
412 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
413 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
414 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
415 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
416 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
417 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
418 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
419 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
420 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
421 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
422 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
423 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
424 -6:00 US C%sT
425 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
426 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
427 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 2:00
428 -6:00 US C%sT
429 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
430 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
431 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
432 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
433 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
434 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
435 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
436 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
437 -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 2:00
438 -6:00 US C%sT
439
440 # From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
441 # ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
442 # mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
443 # daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
444 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
445 # http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
446
447 # From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
448 # ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
449 # it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
450 # largest city in Mercer County). Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
451 # at 47° 15' 51" N, 101° 46' 40" W, which yields an offset of 6h47'07".
452
453 Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
454 -7:00 US M%sT 2010 Nov 7 2:00
455 -6:00 US C%sT
456
457 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
458 #
459 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
460 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
461 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
462 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
463 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
464 #
465 # From Paul Eggert (2018-10-25):
466 # On 1921-03-04 federal law placed all of Texas into the central time zone.
467 # However, El Paso ignored the law for decades and continued to observe
468 # mountain time, on the grounds that that's what they had always done
469 # and they weren't about to let the federal government tell them what to do.
470 # Eventually the federal government gave in and changed the law on
471 # 1970-04-10 to match what El Paso was actually doing. Although
472 # that's slightly after our 1970 cutoff, there is no need to create a
473 # separate zone for El Paso since they were ignoring the law anyway. See:
474 # Long T. El Pasoans were time rebels, fought to stay in Mountain zone.
475 # El Paso Times. 2018-10-24 06:40 -06.
476 # https://www.elpasotimes.com/story/news/local/el-paso/2018/10/24/el-pasoans-were-time-rebels-fought-stay-mountain-zone/1744509002/
477 #
478 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
479 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
480 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
481 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
482 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
483 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
484 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
485 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
486 -7:00 US M%sT 1920
487 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
488 -7:00 US M%sT 1946
489 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
490 -7:00 US M%sT
491
492 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
493 #
494 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
495 # Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
496 # north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
497 # Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern ¾ of
498 # Malheur county), and Washington
499
500 # From Paul Eggert (2016-08-20):
501 # In early February 1948, in response to California's electricity shortage,
502 # PG&E changed power frequency from 60 to 59.5 Hz during daylight hours,
503 # causing electric clocks to lose six minutes per day. (This did not change
504 # legal time, and is not part of the data here.) See:
505 # Ross SA. An energy crisis from the past: Northern California in 1948.
506 # Working Paper No. 8, Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley,
507 # 1973-11. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x22k30c
508 #
509 # In another measure to save electricity, DST was instituted from 1948-03-14
510 # at 02:01 to 1949-01-16 at 02:00, with the governor having the option to move
511 # the fallback transition earlier. See pages 3-4 of:
512 # http://clerk.assembly.ca.gov/sites/clerk.assembly.ca.gov/files/archive/Statutes/1948/48Vol1_Chapters.pdf
513 #
514 # In response:
515 #
516 # Governor Warren received a torrent of objecting mail, and it is not too much
517 # to speculate that the objections to Daylight Saving Time were one important
518 # factor in the defeat of the Dewey-Warren Presidential ticket in California.
519 # -- Ross, p 25
520 #
521 # On December 8 the governor exercised the option, setting the date to January 1
522 # (LA Times 1948-12-09). The transition time was 02:00 (LA Times 1949-01-01).
523 #
524 # Despite the controversy, in 1949 California voters approved Proposition 12,
525 # which established DST from April's last Sunday at 01:00 until September's
526 # last Sunday at 02:00. This was amended by 1962's Proposition 6, which changed
527 # the fall-back date to October's last Sunday. See:
528 # https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=ca_ballot_props
529 # https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1636&context=ca_ballot_props
530 #
531 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
532 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:01 1:00 D
533 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
534 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 1:00 1:00 D
535 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
536 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
537 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
538 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
539 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
540 -8:00 CA P%sT 1967
541 -8:00 US P%sT
542
543 # Alaska
544 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -09 per USNO.
545 #
546 # From Paul Eggert (2017-06-15):
547 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
548 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
549 # On Friday, 1867-10-18 (Gregorian), at precisely 15:30 local time, the
550 # Russian forts and fleet at Sitka fired salutes to mark the ceremony of
551 # formal transfer. See the Sacramento Daily Union (1867-11-14), p 3, col 2.
552 # https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18671114.2.12.1
553 # Sitka workers did not change their calendars until Sunday, 1867-10-20,
554 # and so celebrated two Sundays that week. See: Ahllund T (tr Hallamaa P).
555 # From the memoirs of a Finnish workman. Alaska History. 2006 Fall;21(2):1-25.
556 # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Ahllund-2006-Memoirs-of-a-Finnish-Workman.pdf
557 # Include only the time zone part of this transition, ignoring the switch
558 # from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent the Julian calendar.
559 #
560 # As far as we know, of the locations mentioned below only Sitka was
561 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
562 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement was
563 # destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) Many of Alaska's inhabitants
564 # were unaware of the US acquisition of Alaska, much less of any calendar or
565 # time change. However, the Russian-influenced part of Alaska did observe
566 # Russian time, and it is more accurate to model this than to ignore it.
567 # The database format requires an exact transition time; use the Russian
568 # salute as a somewhat-arbitrary time for the formal transfer of control for
569 # all of Alaska. Sitka's UTC offset is -9:01:13; adjust its 15:30 to the
570 # local times of other Alaskan locations so that they change simultaneously.
571
572 # From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
573 # One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
574 # daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:
575 # "Welcome to Juneau. Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."
576 # See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.
577 # http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html
578 #
579 # Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:
580 # Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.
581 # Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).
582 # http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/
583
584 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
585 # Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
586 #
587 # On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
588 # 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
589 # Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
590 # Pacific Time.
591 #
592 # ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
593 # Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
594 # northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
595 #
596 # On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
597 # unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
598 #
599 # According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
600 # bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
601 #
602 # (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
603 # Nation.)
604
605 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
606 # I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
607 # Community office (using contact information available at
608 # http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
609 # It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
610 # the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
611 # that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their
612 # own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
613 # did not inquire about practices in the past.
614
615 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
616 # For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
617 # abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
618
619 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-11-09):
620 # It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing
621 # their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching
622 # between AKST and AKDT from now on....
623 # https://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/
624
625 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
626 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:33:32
627 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
628 -8:00 - PST 1942
629 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
630 -8:00 - PST 1969
631 -8:00 US P%sT 1980 Apr 27 2:00
632 -9:00 US Y%sT 1980 Oct 26 2:00
633 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
634 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
635 -9:00 US AK%sT
636 Zone America/Sitka 14:58:47 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:30
637 -9:01:13 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
638 -8:00 - PST 1942
639 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
640 -8:00 - PST 1969
641 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
642 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
643 -9:00 US AK%sT
644 Zone America/Metlakatla 15:13:42 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:44:55
645 -8:46:18 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
646 -8:00 - PST 1942
647 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
648 -8:00 - PST 1969
649 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
650 -8:00 - PST 2015 Nov 1 2:00
651 -9:00 US AK%sT
652 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 15:12:18
653 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
654 -9:00 - YST 1942
655 -9:00 US Y%sT 1946
656 -9:00 - YST 1969
657 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
658 -9:00 US AK%sT
659 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 14:31:37
660 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
661 -10:00 - AST 1942
662 -10:00 US A%sT 1967 Apr
663 -10:00 - AHST 1969
664 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
665 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
666 -9:00 US AK%sT
667 Zone America/Nome 12:58:22 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 13:29:35
668 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
669 -11:00 - NST 1942
670 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
671 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
672 -11:00 - BST 1969
673 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
674 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
675 -9:00 US AK%sT
676 Zone America/Adak 12:13:22 - LMT 1867 Oct 19 12:44:35
677 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
678 -11:00 - NST 1942
679 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
680 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
681 -11:00 - BST 1969
682 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
683 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
684 -10:00 US H%sT
685 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
686 #
687 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
688 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
689 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
690 #
691 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
692 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
693 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
694 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
695 # possibly until 1983:
696 #
697 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
698 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
699 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
700 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
701 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
702 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
703 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
704 # three votes for and one against."
705
706 # Hawaii
707
708 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
709 # "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
710 # of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
711 # the article is available at
712 # https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
713 # and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
714 # 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
715 # saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
716 # last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
717 # act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
718 # from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
719 # when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
720 # effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
721 # day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
722 # cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
723 # and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
724
725 # From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
726 # The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
727 # Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
728 # 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
729 # 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
730 # year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
731 # hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
732 # day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
733 # Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
734 # hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
735 # which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
736 # that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
737 # Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
738 # of the Territory of Hawaii."
739 #
740 # Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
741 # We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
742
743 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
744 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1896 Jan 13 12:00
745 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
746 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 12:00
747 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00
748 -10:00 - HST
749
750 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
751
752 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
753
754 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
755 #
756 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
757 # Daylight Saving Time web page
758 # <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)
759 # maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
760 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
761 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
762 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
763 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
764 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
765 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
766 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
767 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
768 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
769 #
770 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
771 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
772
773 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
774 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
775 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 0:01
776 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 0:01
777 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 0:01
778 -7:00 - MST 1967
779 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
780 -7:00 - MST
781 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
782 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
783 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
784 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
785 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
786 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
787 #
788 # From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
789 # See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
790
791 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
792 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
793 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
794 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
795 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
796 # quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
797 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
798 #
799 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
800 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
801 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
802 -7:00 US M%sT 1974
803 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
804 -7:00 US M%sT
805
806 # Indiana
807 #
808 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
809 # https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
810 #
811 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
812 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
813 # with the following exceptions:
814 #
815 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
816 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
817 #
818 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
819 #
820 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
821 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
822 #
823 # - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
824 # and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
825 #
826 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
827 # and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
828 # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
829 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
830 #
831 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
832 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
833 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
834
835 # From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):
836 # https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana
837 # says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
838 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
839 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
840 # this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
841 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
842 # Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their
843 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error. The intent
844 # was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
845
846 # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
847 # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
848 # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
849 # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
850
851 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
852 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
853 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
854 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
855 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
856 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
857 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
858 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
859 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
860 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
861 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
862 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
863 -5:00 - EST 1969
864 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
865 -5:00 - EST 2006
866 -5:00 US E%sT
867 #
868 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
869 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
870 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
871 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
872 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
873 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
874 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
875 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
876 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
877 -6:00 US C%sT 1951
878 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
879 -5:00 - EST 1969
880 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
881 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
882 -5:00 US E%sT 1976
883 -5:00 - EST 2006
884 -5:00 US E%sT
885 #
886 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
887 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
888 # in November 2007.
889 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
890 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
891 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
892 Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
893 Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
894 Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
895 Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
896 Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
897 Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
898 Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
899 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
900 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
901 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
902 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
903 -5:00 - EST 1969
904 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
905 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
906 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
907 -5:00 US E%sT
908 #
909 # Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
910 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
911 Rule Perry 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
912 Rule Perry 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
913 Rule Perry 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
914 Rule Perry 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
915 Rule Perry 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
916 Rule Perry 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
917 Rule Perry 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
918 Rule Perry 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
919 Rule Perry 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
920 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
921 Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
922 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
923 -6:00 Perry C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
924 -5:00 - EST 1969
925 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
926 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
927 -6:00 US C%sT
928 #
929 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
930 # then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
931 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
932 Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
933 Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
934 Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
935 Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
936 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
937 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
938 -6:00 US C%sT 1955
939 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
940 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
941 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
942 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
943 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
944 -5:00 US E%sT
945 #
946 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
947 # then switched back in 2006.
948 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
949 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
950 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
951 # 1991-10-27.
952 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
953 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
954 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
955 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
956 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
957 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
958 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
959 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
960 -6:00 US C%sT 1947
961 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
962 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
963 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
964 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
965 -6:00 US C%sT
966 #
967 # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
968 # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
969 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
970 Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
971 Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
972 Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
973 Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
974 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
975 Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
976 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
977 -6:00 Pulaski C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
978 -5:00 - EST 1969
979 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
980 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
981 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Mar 11 2:00
982 -5:00 US E%sT
983 #
984 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
985 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
986 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
987 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
988 -5:00 - EST 1969
989 -5:00 US E%sT 1973
990 -5:00 - EST 2006
991 -5:00 US E%sT
992
993 # From Paul Eggert (2018-03-20):
994 # The Louisville & Nashville Railroad's 1883-11-18 change occurred at
995 # 10:00 old local time; train were supposed to come to a standstill
996 # for precisely 18 minutes. See Bartky Fig. 1 (page 50). It is not
997 # clear how this matched civil time in Louisville, so for now continue
998 # to assume Louisville switched at noon new local time, like New York.
999 #
1000 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
1001 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
1002 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1003 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1004 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
1005 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1006 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1007 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
1008 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1009 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1010 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1011 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
1012 -6:00 US C%sT 1921
1013 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
1014 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
1015 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
1016 -5:00 - EST 1968
1017 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
1018 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
1019 -5:00 US E%sT
1020 #
1021 # Wayne County, Kentucky
1022 #
1023 # From Lake Cumberland LIFE
1024 # http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml
1025 # (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
1026 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
1027 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
1028 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
1029 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
1030 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
1031 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
1032 # location in the Central time zone.
1033 #
1034 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
1035 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
1036 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
1037 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
1038 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
1039 #
1040 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
1041 # The final rule was published in the
1042 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
1043 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2000-08-17/html/00-20854.htm
1044 #
1045 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
1046 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
1047 -6:00 - CST 1968
1048 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1049 -5:00 US E%sT
1050
1051
1052 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
1053 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
1054 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
1055 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
1056 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
1057 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
1058 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
1059 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
1060 #
1061 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
1062 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
1063 # so omit that change for now.
1064 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
1065 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
1066 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
1067 # 1999-10-31. See the
1068 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
1069 # https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1999-10-21/html/99-27240.htm
1070 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
1071 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
1072 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
1073
1074 # Michigan
1075 #
1076 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1077 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
1078 #
1079 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
1080 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
1081 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
1082 # that Detroit kept
1083 #
1084 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
1085 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
1086 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
1087 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
1088 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
1089 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
1090 # by city vote.
1091 #
1092 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
1093 #
1094 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
1095 # Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
1096 # one hour in 1914." This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
1097 # info, so omit this for now.
1098 #
1099 # From Paul Eggert (2017-07-26):
1100 # Although Shanks says Detroit observed DST in 1967 from 06-14 00:01
1101 # until 10-29 00:01, I now see multiple reports that this is incorrect.
1102 # For example, according to a 50-year anniversary report about the 1967
1103 # Detroit riots and a major-league doubleheader on 1967-07-23, "By the time
1104 # the last fly ball of the doubleheader settled into the glove of leftfielder
1105 # Lenny Green, it was after 7 p.m. Detroit did not observe daylight saving
1106 # time, so light was already starting to fail. Twilight was made even deeper
1107 # by billowing columns of smoke that ascended in an unbroken wall north of the
1108 # ballpark." See: Dow B. Detroit '67: As violence unfolded, Tigers played two
1109 # at home vs. Yankees. Detroit Free Press 2017-07-23.
1110 # https://www.freep.com/story/sports/mlb/tigers/2017/07/23/detroit-tigers-1967-riot-new-york-yankees/499951001/
1111 #
1112 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
1113 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1114 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1115 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1116 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1117 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
1118 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
1119 -5:00 - EST 1942
1120 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
1121 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
1122 -5:00 US E%sT 1975
1123 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
1124 -5:00 US E%sT
1125 #
1126 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
1127 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
1128 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
1129 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1130 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1131 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1132 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1133 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1134 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
1135 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
1136 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
1137 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
1138 -6:00 US C%sT
1139
1140 # Navassa
1141 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
1142 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
1143 # also claimed by Haiti
1144 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
1145 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
1146 # currently uninhabited
1147 # see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
1148 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
1149 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
1150
1151 ################################################################################
1152
1153
1154 # From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):
1155 #
1156 # Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
1157 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
1158 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
1159 # Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
1160 #
1161 # Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
1162 # for time zone data was the International Air Transport
1163 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1164 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
1165 # of the IATA's data after 1990. Except where otherwise noted,
1166 # IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
1167 #
1168 # Other sources occasionally used include:
1169 #
1170 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1171 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1172 # which I found in the UCLA library.
1173 #
1174 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1175 # <http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
1176 # [PDF] (1914-03)
1177 #
1178 # Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1179 # <https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1180 #
1181 # See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1182
1183 # Canada
1184
1185 # From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):
1186 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1187 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1188 #
1189 # UTC Standard time Daylight saving time
1190 # offset French English French English
1191 # -2:30 - - HAT NDT
1192 # -3 - - HAA ADT
1193 # -3:30 HNT NST - -
1194 # -4 HNA AST HAE EDT
1195 # -5 HNE EST HAC CDT
1196 # -6 HNC CST HAR MDT
1197 # -7 HNR MST HAP PDT
1198 # -8 HNP PST HAY YDT
1199 # -9 HNY YST - -
1200 #
1201 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
1202 # HA: Heure Avancée DT: Daylight saving Time
1203 #
1204 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
1205 # C: du Centre Central
1206 # E: de l'Est Eastern
1207 # M: Mountain
1208 # N: Newfoundland
1209 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
1210 # R: des Rocheuses
1211 # T: de Terre-Neuve
1212 # Y: du Yukon Yukon
1213 #
1214 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1215 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1216
1217 # Unless otherwise specified, the data entries for Canada are all from Shanks
1218 # & Pottenger.
1219
1220 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1221 # 2007-03-01):
1222 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1223 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1224 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1225 # https://archive.news.gov.bc.ca/releases/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1226 # ...
1227 # Nova Scotia
1228 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1229 # https://www.novascotia.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1230 #
1231 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1232 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1233 # https://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1234 # ...
1235 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1236 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1237 # https://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1238 # ...
1239 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1240 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1241 # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1242 # http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1243 # ...
1244 # P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1245 # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1246 # ...
1247 # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1248 # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1249 # ...
1250 # Yukon
1251 # https://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1252 # ...
1253 # N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
1254 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
1255 # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
1256 # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1257 # JavaScript.
1258 # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1259 # ...
1260 # Nunavut
1261 # An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1262 # http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1263
1264 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):
1265 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1266 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1267 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp
1268 # contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1269 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1270 #
1271 # National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.
1272 # https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
1273 # https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
1274 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1275
1276 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1277 # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1278 # new US DST rules,
1279
1280 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1281 # In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1282 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1283 # she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1284 # The quote includes these two statements:
1285 # 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1286 # '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1287 # These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1288 # that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918. This transition was
1289 # also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1290
1291 # In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1292 # Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1293 # than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1294
1295 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1296 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1297 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1298 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1299 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1300 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1301 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1302 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1303 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1304 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1305 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1306
1307
1308 # Newfoundland and Labrador
1309
1310 # From Paul Eggert (2017-10-14):
1311 # Legally Labrador should observe Newfoundland time; see:
1312 # McLeod J. Labrador time - legal or not? St. John's Telegram, 2017-10-07
1313 # http://www.thetelegram.com/news/local/labrador-time--legal-or-not-154860/
1314 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that the only part of Labrador
1315 # that follows the rules is the southeast corner, including Port Hope
1316 # Simpson and Mary's Harbour, but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1317
1318 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1319 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
1320 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
1321 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1322 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
1323 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
1324 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1325 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
1326 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
1327 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1328 # Pottenger.
1329 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
1330 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
1331 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
1332 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1333 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1334 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1335 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1336 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1337 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
1338 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1339 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1340 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1341 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1342 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1343 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1344
1345 # From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1346 # We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1347 # changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1348 # The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1349 # Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1350 # now occurs at 2:00AM.
1351 # ...
1352 # http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1353 # ...
1354 # MICHAEL PELLEY | Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1355 # Office of the Chief Information Officer
1356 # Executive Council
1357 # Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1358
1359 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1360 Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1361 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
1362 Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1363 Rule StJohns 2007 2011 - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
1364 Rule StJohns 2007 2010 - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
1365 #
1366 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1367 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1368 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
1369 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
1370 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1371 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
1372 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1373 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1374 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 2011 Nov
1375 -3:30 Canada N%sT
1376
1377 # most of east Labrador
1378
1379 # The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1380 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1381 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1382 -3:30:52 - NST 1918
1383 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1384 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
1385 -3:30 - NST 1936
1386 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1387 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1388 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
1389 -4:00 StJohns A%sT 2011 Nov
1390 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1391
1392
1393 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1394
1395 # From Brian Inglis (2015-07-20):
1396 # From the historical weather station records available at:
1397 # https://weatherspark.com/history/28351/1971/Sydney-Nova-Scotia-Canada
1398 # Sydney shares the same time history as Glace Bay, so was
1399 # likely to be the same across the island....
1400 # Sydney, as the capital and most populous location, or Cape Breton, would
1401 # have been better names for the zone had we known this in 1996.
1402
1403 # From Paul Eggert (2015-07-20):
1404 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1405 # Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1406 # the Cape Breton area, represented by Glace Bay, is the largest we know of
1407 # (Glace Bay was perhaps not the best name choice but no point changing now).
1408 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1409 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1410 # this is a typo.
1411
1412 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1413 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1414 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1415 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
1416 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
1417 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
1418 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1419 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1420 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1421 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1422 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1423 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
1424 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
1425 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1426 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1427 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1428 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1429 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
1430 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1431 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1432 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1433 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1434 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1435 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1436 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
1437 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1438 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
1439 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1440 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1441 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1442 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1443 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1444 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
1445 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1446 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1447 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1448 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1449 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1450 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1451 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1452 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1453 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1454 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1455 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1456 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
1457 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
1458 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1459 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1460 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1461 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1462 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1463 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
1464 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1465 -4:00 - AST 1972
1466 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1467 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1468
1469 # New Brunswick
1470
1471 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1472 # The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1473 # says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1474 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1475 # clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1476 # For now, assume it started in 1993.
1477
1478 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1479 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
1480 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
1481 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
1482 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
1483 Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
1484 Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
1485 Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
1486 Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
1487 Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1488 Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1489 Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1490 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1491 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1492 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1493 Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
1494 -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
1495 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
1496 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
1497 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1498 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
1499 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
1500 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
1501 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1502
1503 # Quebec
1504
1505 # From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24):
1506 # See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.
1507 #
1508 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1509 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1510 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1511 # The Quebec department of justice writes in
1512 # "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"
1513 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
1514 # that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
1515 # observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
1516 # https://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
1517 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1518 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1519 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1520
1521 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1522 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
1523 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
1524 -4:00 - AST
1525
1526 # Ontario
1527
1528 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1529 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1530 # Toronto.
1531 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1532 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1533 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1534 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1535
1536 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1537 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1538 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1539 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1540 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1541 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1542 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1543 # only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1544 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1545 # earlier in June).
1546 #
1547 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1548 #
1549 # From Paul Eggert (2017-07-08):
1550 # For more on Orillia, see: Daubs K. Bold attempt at daylight saving
1551 # time became a comic failure in Orillia. Toronto Star 2017-07-08.
1552 # https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2017/07/08/bold-attempt-at-daylight-saving-time-became-a-comic-failure-in-orillia.html
1553
1554 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1555 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1556 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1557 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1558 # He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1559 # http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html
1560 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1561 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1562 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1563 #
1564 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1565 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1566 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1567 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1568 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1569 #
1570 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1571 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1572 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1573 #
1574 # The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1575 # This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1576 # the other half on eastern time.
1577 #
1578 # For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1579 #
1580 # "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1581 # Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1582 # said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
1583 #
1584 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1585 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1586
1587 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1588 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1589 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1590 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1591 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
1592
1593 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1594 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1595 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1596 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
1597 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1598 # ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1599 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1600 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1601
1602 # From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1603 #
1604 # Currently the database has:
1605 #
1606 # # Ontario
1607 #
1608 # # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1609 # # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1610 # # Toronto.
1611 # # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1612 # # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1613 # # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1614 #
1615 # In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1616 # right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1617 # time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1618 #
1619 # The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1620 # except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1621 #
1622 # Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.
1623 #
1624 # I only came across this incidentally. I don't know if Windsor began
1625 # observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.
1626 #
1627 # By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1628 #
1629 # Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1630 # three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1631
1632 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1633 #
1634 # "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1635 # The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1636 # volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1637 # was available at
1638 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1639 #
1640 # It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1641 #
1642 # A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1643 # require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1644 # the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1645 # and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1646 # ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1647 # for the other provinces only approximate:
1648 #
1649 # Province Daylight saving time used
1650 # Prince Edward Island Not used.
1651 # Nova Scotia In Halifax only.
1652 # New Brunswick In St. John only.
1653 # Quebec In the following places:
1654 # Montreal Lachine
1655 # Quebec Mont-Royal
1656 # Lévis Iberville
1657 # St. Lambert Cap de la Madelèine
1658 # Verdun Loretteville
1659 # Westmount Richmond
1660 # Outremont St. Jérôme
1661 # Longueuil Greenfield Park
1662 # Arvida Waterloo
1663 # Chambly-Canton Beaulieu
1664 # Melbourne La Tuque
1665 # St. Théophile Buckingham
1666 # Ontario Used generally in the cities and towns along
1667 # the southerly part of the province. Not
1668 # used in the northwesterly part.
1669 # Manitoba Not used.
1670 # Saskatchewan In Regina only.
1671 # Alberta Not used.
1672 # British Columbia Not used.
1673 #
1674 # With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1675 # to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1676
1677 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1678 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1679 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1680 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1681 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1682 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1683 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1684 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1685 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1686 # was meant.
1687 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1688 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1689 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1690 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1691 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1692 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1693 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1694 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1695 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1696 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1697 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1698 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1699 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1700 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1701 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1702 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1703 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1704 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1705 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1706 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1707 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1708 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1709 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1710 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1711 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1712 # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1713 # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1714 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1715
1716 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1717 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1718 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1719 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1720 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1721
1722 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1723 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1724 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1725 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1726 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1727 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1728 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1729 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1730 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1731 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1732 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1733
1734 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1735 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1736 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1737 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1738 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1739 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1740 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1741 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1742 -6:00 - CST 1910
1743 -5:00 - EST 1942
1744 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1745 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1973
1746 -5:00 - EST 1974
1747 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1748 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1749 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1750 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1751 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1752 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
1753 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1754 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1755 -6:00 Canada C%sT
1756 Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
1757 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1758 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1759 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1760 -5:00 - EST
1761
1762
1763 # Manitoba
1764
1765 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1766 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1767 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1768 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1769 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1770 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1771 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1772 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had
1773 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1774 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1775 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1776 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1777 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1778
1779 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1780 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1781 # starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1782 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1783
1784 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1785 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1786 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1787 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1788 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1789 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1790 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1791 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1792 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1793 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1794 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1795 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1796 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1797 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1798 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1799 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1800 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1801 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1802 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1803 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1804 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1805 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1806 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
1807 Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1808 Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1809 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1810 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1811 -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
1812 -6:00 Canada C%sT
1813
1814
1815 # Saskatchewan
1816
1817 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1818 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1819 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1820 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1821 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1822 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1823 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1824 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1825 # time was noted.
1826
1827 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1828 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1829 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1830
1831 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1832 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1833 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1834 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1835 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1836 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1837
1838 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1839 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1840 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1841 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1842 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1843 #
1844 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1845 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1846 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1847 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1848 #
1849 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1850 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1851 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1852 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1853 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1854 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1855 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1856 #
1857 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1858 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1859 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1860 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1861 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1862 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1863
1864 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1865 # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1866 # long and rather painful to read.
1867 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1868
1869 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1870 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1871 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1872 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1873 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1874 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1875 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1876 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1877 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1878 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1879 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1880 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1881 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1882 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1883 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1884 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1885 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1886 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1887 #
1888 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1889 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1890 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1891 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1892 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1893 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1894 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1895 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1896 -6:00 - CST
1897 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1898 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1899 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1900 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1901 -6:00 - CST
1902
1903
1904 # Alberta
1905
1906 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1907 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1908 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1909 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1910 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1911 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1912 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1913 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1914 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1915 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1916 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1917 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1918 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1919 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1920 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1921 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1922 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1923 Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1924 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1925 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1926 -7:00 Edm M%sT 1987
1927 -7:00 Canada M%sT
1928
1929
1930 # British Columbia
1931
1932 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1933 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1934 # been like Vancouver.
1935 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1936 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1937
1938 # It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:
1939
1940 # From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
1941 # There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
1942 # that do not currently observe daylight saving:
1943 # a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
1944 # b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
1945 # (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
1946
1947 # Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
1948 # keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
1949 # manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
1950 # http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1951 # According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
1952 # i.e. Creston has been stuck on UT-7 for 93 years.
1953 # Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
1954
1955 # Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
1956 # unknown and will be difficult to ascertain. I e-mailed Tammy a few months
1957 # ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess. She said it was just
1958 # as plausible as any other date (in June). She also said that after writing
1959 # the article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the
1960 # subject of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
1961 # http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
1962
1963 # Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
1964 # 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
1965 # Exact date unknown
1966 # 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
1967 # Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
1968 # 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
1969 # Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
1970 # note 1:
1971 # On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
1972 # Creston did not change its clocks.
1973 # note 2:
1974 # During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
1975 # Creston did not oblige.
1976 # note 3:
1977 # There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
1978 # (UTC-7) forever.
1979 # The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
1980 # http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
1981
1982 # During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
1983 # In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
1984 # summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
1985 # the change. It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
1986 # period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
1987 # (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
1988
1989 # The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
1990
1991 # From Matt Johnson (2015-09-21):
1992 # Fort Nelson, BC, Canada will cancel DST this year. So while previously they
1993 # were aligned with America/Vancouver, they're now aligned with
1994 # America/Dawson_Creek.
1995 # http://www.northernrockies.ca/EN/meta/news/archives/2015/northern-rockies-time-change.html
1996 #
1997 # From Tim Parenti (2015-09-23):
1998 # This requires a new zone for the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality,
1999 # America/Fort_Nelson. The resolution of 2014-12-08 was reached following a
2000 # 2014-11-15 poll with nearly 75% support. Effectively, the municipality has
2001 # been on MST (-0700) like Dawson Creek since it advanced its clocks on
2002 # 2015-03-08.
2003 #
2004 # From Paul Eggert (2015-09-23):
2005 # Shanks says Fort Nelson did not observe DST in 1946, unlike Vancouver.
2006
2007 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2008 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
2009 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
2010 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
2011 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
2012 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2013 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2014 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
2015 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
2016 Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2017 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2018 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
2019 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
2020 -8:00 Canada P%sT
2021 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
2022 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
2023 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
2024 -7:00 - MST
2025 Zone America/Fort_Nelson -8:10:47 - LMT 1884
2026 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1946
2027 -8:00 - PST 1947
2028 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
2029 -8:00 Canada P%sT 2015 Mar 8 2:00
2030 -7:00 - MST
2031 Zone America/Creston -7:46:04 - LMT 1884
2032 -7:00 - MST 1916 Oct 1
2033 -8:00 - PST 1918 Jun 2
2034 -7:00 - MST
2035
2036 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
2037
2038 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2039 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
2040 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
2041 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
2042 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9....
2043 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
2044 # [https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-i-21/latest/rsc-1985-c-i-21.html]
2045 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
2046 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
2047 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
2048
2049 # From Brian Inglis (2015-04-14):
2050 #
2051 # I tried to trace the history of Yukon time and found the following
2052 # regulations, giving the reference title and URL if found, regulation name,
2053 # and relevant quote if available. Each regulation specifically revokes its
2054 # predecessor. The final reference is to the current Interpretation Act
2055 # authorizing and resulting from these regulatory changes.
2056 #
2057 # Only recent regulations were retrievable via Yukon government site search or
2058 # index, and only some via Canadian legal sources. Other sources used include
2059 # articles titled "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" from JRASC via ADS
2060 # Abstracts, cited by ADO for 1932 ..., and updated versions from 1958 and
2061 # 1970 quoted below; each article includes current extracts from provincial
2062 # and territorial ST and DST regulations at the end, summaries and details of
2063 # standard times and daylight saving time at many locations across Canada,
2064 # with time zone maps, tables and calculations for Canadian Sunrise, Sunset,
2065 # and LMST; they also cover many countries and global locations, with a chart
2066 # and table showing current Universal Time offsets, and may be useful as
2067 # another source of information for 1970 and earlier.
2068 #
2069 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; JRASC, Vol. 26,
2070 # pp.49-77; February 1932; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2071 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932JRASC..26...49S from p.75:
2072 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance
2073 # Yukon standard time is the local mean time at the one hundred and
2074 # thirty-fifth meridian.
2075 #
2076 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; Thomson, Malcolm M.;
2077 # JRASC, Vol. 52, pp.193-223; October 1958; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System
2078 # (ADS) http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1958JRASC..52..193S from pp.220-1:
2079 # Yukon Interpretation Ordinance, 1955, Chap. 16.
2080 #
2081 # (1) Subject to this section, standard time shall be reckoned as nine
2082 # hours behind Greenwich Time and called Yukon Standard Time.
2083 #
2084 # (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the Commissioner may make regulations
2085 # varying the manner of reckoning standard time.
2086 #
2087 # * Yukon Territory Commissioner's Order 1966-20 Interpretation Ordinance
2088 # http://? - no online source found
2089 #
2090 # * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Thomson, Malcolm M.; JRASC,
2091 # Vol. 64, pp.129-162; June 1970; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2092 # http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970JRASC..64..129T from p.156: Yukon
2093 # Territory Commissioner's Order 1967-59 Interpretation Ordinance ...
2094 #
2095 # 1. Commissioner's Order 1966-20 dated at Whitehorse in the Yukon
2096 # Territory on 27th January, 1966, is hereby revoked.
2097 #
2098 # 2. Yukon (East) Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the
2099 # Interpretation Ordinance from and after mid-night on the 28th day of May,
2100 # 1967 shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that
2101 # is to say, eight hours behind Greenwich Time in the area of the Yukon
2102 # Territory lying east of the 138th degree longitude west.
2103 #
2104 # 3. In the remainder of the Territory, lying west of the 138th degree
2105 # longitude west, Yukon (West) Standard Time shall be reckoned as nine
2106 # hours behind Greenwich Time.
2107 #
2108 # * Yukon Standard Time defined as Pacific Standard Time, YCO 1973/214
2109 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html
2110 # C.O. 1973/214 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2111 #
2112 # 1. Effective October 28, 1973 Commissioner's Order 1967/59 is hereby
2113 # revoked.
2114 #
2115 # 2. Yukon Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the Interpretation
2116 # Act from and after midnight on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1973
2117 # shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that is
2118 # to say eight hours behind Greenwich Time.
2119 #
2120 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 INTERPRETATION ACT
2121 # http://? - no online source found
2122 #
2123 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time, YOIC 1987/56
2124 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html
2125 # O.I.C. 1987/056 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2126 #
2127 # In every year between
2128 # (a) two o'clock in the morning in the first Sunday in April, and
2129 # (b) two o'clock in the morning in the last Sunday in October,
2130 # Standard Time shall be reckoned as seven hours behind Greenwich Time and
2131 # called Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2132 # ...
2133 # Dated ... 9th day of March, A.D., 1987.
2134 #
2135 # * Yukon Daylight Saving Time 2006, YOIC 2006/127
2136 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html
2137 # O.I.C. 2006/127 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2138 #
2139 # 1. In Yukon each year the time for general purposes shall be 7 hours
2140 # behind Greenwich mean time during the period commencing at two o'clock
2141 # in the forenoon on the second Sunday of March and ending at two o'clock
2142 # in the forenoon on the first Sunday of November and shall be called
2143 # Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2144 #
2145 # 2. Order-in-Council 1987/56 is revoked.
2146 #
2147 # 3. This order comes into force January 1, 2007.
2148 #
2149 # * Interpretation Act, RSY 2002, c 125
2150 # https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html
2151
2152 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
2153 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
2154 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
2155 # http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html
2156 #
2157 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
2158 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
2159 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
2160
2161 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2162 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
2163 # http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html
2164 # (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
2165 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
2166 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
2167
2168 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
2169 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
2170 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
2171 #
2172 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
2173 #
2174 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
2175 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
2176 #
2177 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
2178 #
2179 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
2180 #
2181 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
2182 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
2183 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
2184 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
2185 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
2186 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
2187 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
2188 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
2189 # the current state of affairs.
2190
2191 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
2192 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19):
2193 # http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html
2194 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
2195 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
2196 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
2197 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
2198
2199 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
2200 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
2201 # for these potential new Zones.
2202 #
2203 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
2204 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
2205 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
2206 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
2207 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
2208 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
2209 # required to use daylight savings.
2210
2211 # From <http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
2212 # Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
2213 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
2214 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
2215 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
2216 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
2217 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
2218 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
2219 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
2220 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
2221 # unified time zone in 1999.
2222 #
2223 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
2224 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
2225
2226 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2227 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
2228
2229 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
2230 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
2231 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
2232 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
2233 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
2234 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
2235 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
2236 # more.
2237 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
2238
2239 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
2240 # According to ...
2241 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
2242 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
2243 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
2244 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
2245 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
2246 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
2247 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
2248 #
2249 # From Paul Eggert (2014-10-17):
2250 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
2251 # daylight saving only during wartime. Gwillim Law's email also
2252 # mentioned maps now maintained by National Research Council Canada;
2253 # see above for an up-to-date link.
2254
2255 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
2256 # ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
2257 # Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
2258 # Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
2259 # daylight saving....
2260 # http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
2261
2262 # From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
2263 # Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
2264 # Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
2265 # the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2266 # decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2267 #
2268 # According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2269 # went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2270 #
2271 # On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2272 # 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2273 # talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2274 # to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2275 # explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2276 # (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2277 # i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2278 # had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2279 # so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2280 #
2281 # On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2282 # phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2283 # of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2284 # information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2285 # Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2286 # Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2287 # and worked in Resolute Bay...
2288 #
2289 # On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2290 # Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2291 # 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2292 # on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2293 # had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2294 # tell me when the practice had stopped.
2295 #
2296 # On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2297 # somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2298 # off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2299 # used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2300 # businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2301 # Aziz:
2302 # http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2303 #
2304 # I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2305 # Eastern Standard Time.
2306 #
2307 # Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2308 # 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2309 # of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2310 # the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2311 #
2312 # This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2313 #
2314 # I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2315 # responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2316 # may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2317 # search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2318 #
2319 # If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2320 # never have contacted her. I now believe that all the information I
2321 # obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2322 # I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2323
2324 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2325 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
2326 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
2327 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
2328 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
2329 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
2330 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
2331 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2332 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
2333 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2334 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2335 Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2336 Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2337 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2338 # aka Panniqtuuq
2339 Zone America/Pangnirtung 0 - -00 1921 # trading post est.
2340 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
2341 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2342 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2343 -5:00 Canada E%sT
2344 # formerly Frobisher Bay
2345 Zone America/Iqaluit 0 - -00 1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2346 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2347 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2348 -5:00 Canada E%sT
2349 # aka Qausuittuq
2350 Zone America/Resolute 0 - -00 1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2351 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2352 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2353 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2006 Oct 29 2:00
2354 -5:00 - EST 2007 Mar 11 3:00
2355 -6:00 Canada C%sT
2356 # aka Kangiqiniq
2357 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0 - -00 1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2358 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2359 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2360 -6:00 Canada C%sT
2361 # aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2362 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0 - -00 1920 # trading post est.?
2363 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
2364 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
2365 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
2366 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
2367 -7:00 Canada M%sT
2368 Zone America/Yellowknife 0 - -00 1935 # Yellowknife founded?
2369 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2370 -7:00 Canada M%sT
2371 Zone America/Inuvik 0 - -00 1953 # Inuvik founded
2372 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
2373 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
2374 -7:00 Canada M%sT
2375 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2376 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1967 May 28 0:00
2377 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2378 -8:00 Canada P%sT
2379 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
2380 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
2381 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
2382 -8:00 Canada P%sT
2383
2384
2385 ###############################################################################
2386
2387 # Mexico
2388
2389 # From Paul Eggert (2014-12-07):
2390 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2391 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2392 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2393 # http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/index.htm
2394 #
2395 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2396 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2397 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2398 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2399 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2400 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2401
2402 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2403 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2404 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2405 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2406 # the relevant documents.
2407
2408 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2409 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2410 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2411 #
2412 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2413 #
2414 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2415 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2416 #
2417 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2418 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2419 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2420 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2421 #
2422 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2423 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2424 # BajaNorte: GMT+7
2425 # BajaSur: GMT+6
2426 # General: GMT+5
2427 #
2428 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2429 # BajaNorte: GMT+8
2430 # BajaSur: GMT+7
2431 # General: GMT+6
2432 #
2433 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2434 #
2435 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2436 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2437 # For an English translation of the decree, see
2438 # "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
2439 # http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html
2440
2441 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2442 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2443 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2444
2445 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2446 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2447 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2448 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2449 # Arizona year round.
2450
2451 # From Jesper Nørgaard, translating
2452 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2453 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2454 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2455 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2456 # whole year.
2457
2458 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2459 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2460 # (translated):...
2461 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2462 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2463 # this year....
2464 # http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001
2465 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2466 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2467
2468 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2469 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2470 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2471 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2472 # ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2473 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2474 # the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish
2475 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2476
2477 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
2478 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre
2479 # (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2480 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).
2481
2482 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2483 #
2484 # http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html
2485 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2486 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2487 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that
2488 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2489 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2490 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2491 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2492 #
2493 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2494
2495 # From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):
2496 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2497 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2498 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2499 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2500 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2501 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2502 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2503 # September 30, 2001.
2504 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2505 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2506
2507 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2508 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2509 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2510 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2511 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2512 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2513 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2514 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2515
2516 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2517 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2518 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2519 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2520 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2521
2522 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2523 #
2524 # Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2525 # > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2526 # > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2527 # > the United States.
2528 # Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2529 # 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2530 # http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2531 # http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2532 # (Spanish)
2533 #
2534 # Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2535 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2536 # (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2537 #
2538 # There is also a list of the votes here:
2539 # http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2540 #
2541 # Our page:
2542 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2543
2544 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2545 # The page
2546 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2547 # includes this text:
2548 # En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2549 # Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2550 # Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2551 # Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2552 # desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2553 # horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2554 # En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2555 # fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2556 # internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2557 # kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2558 # interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2559 # efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2560 # las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2561
2562 # From Steffen Thorsen (2014-12-08), translated by Gwillim Law:
2563 # The Mexican state of Quintana Roo will likely change to EST in 2015.
2564 #
2565 # http://www.unioncancun.mx/articulo/2014/12/04/medio-ambiente/congreso-aprueba-una-hora-mas-de-sol-en-qroo
2566 # "With this change, the time conflict that has existed between the municipios
2567 # of Quintana Roo and the municipio of Felipe Carrillo Puerto may come to an
2568 # end. The latter declared itself in rebellion 15 years ago when a time change
2569 # was initiated in Mexico, and since then it has refused to change its time
2570 # zone along with the rest of the country."
2571 #
2572 # From Steffen Thorsen (2015-01-14), translated by Gwillim Law:
2573 # http://sipse.com/novedades/confirman-aplicacion-de-nueva-zona-horaria-para-quintana-roo-132331.html
2574 # "...the new time zone will come into effect at two o'clock on the first Sunday
2575 # of February, when we will have to advance the clock one hour from its current
2576 # time..."
2577 # Also, the new zone will not use DST.
2578 #
2579 # From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2015-02-02):
2580 # The decree that modifies the Mexican Hour System Law has finally
2581 # been published at the Diario Oficial de la Federación
2582 # http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5380123&fecha=31/01/2015
2583 # It establishes 5 zones for Mexico:
2584 # 1- Zona Centro (Central Zone): Corresponds to longitude 90 W,
2585 # includes most of Mexico, excluding what's mentioned below.
2586 # 2- Zona Pacífico (Pacific Zone): Longitude 105 W, includes the
2587 # states of Baja California Sur; Chihuahua; Nayarit (excluding Bahía
2588 # de Banderas which lies in Central Zone); Sinaloa and Sonora.
2589 # 3- Zona Noroeste (Northwest Zone): Longitude 120 W, includes the
2590 # state of Baja California.
2591 # 4- Zona Sureste (Southeast Zone): Longitude 75 W, includes the state
2592 # of Quintana Roo.
2593 # 5- The islands, reefs and keys shall take their timezone from the
2594 # longitude they are located at.
2595
2596 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2597 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
2598 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
2599 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
2600 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
2601 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
2602 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
2603 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
2604 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
2605 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2606 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2607 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2608 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
2609 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2610 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2611 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2612 # Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
2613 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
2614 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2615 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
2616 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2015 Feb 1 2:00
2617 -5:00 - EST
2618 # Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
2619 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
2620 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
2621 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
2622 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2623 # Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2624 # This includes the following municipalities:
2625 # in Coahuila: Ocampo, Acuña, Zaragoza, Jiménez, Piedras Negras, Nava,
2626 # Guerrero, Hidalgo.
2627 # in Nuevo León: Anáhuac, Los Aldama.
2628 # in Tamaulipas: Nuevo Laredo, Guerrero, Mier, Miguel Alemán, Camargo,
2629 # Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Reynosa, Río Bravo, Valle Hermoso, Matamoros.
2630 # See: Inicia mañana Horario de Verano en zona fronteriza, El Universal,
2631 # 2016-03-12
2632 # http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/estados/2016/03/12/inicia-manana-horario-de-verano-en-zona-fronteriza
2633 Zone America/Matamoros -6:40:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:20:00
2634 -6:00 - CST 1988
2635 -6:00 US C%sT 1989
2636 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2010
2637 -6:00 US C%sT
2638 # Durango; Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2639 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
2640 -6:00 - CST 1988
2641 -6:00 US C%sT 1989
2642 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2643 # Central Mexico
2644 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
2645 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2646 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2647 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2648 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2649 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2650 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 2:00
2651 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
2652 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2653 # Chihuahua (near US border)
2654 # This includes the municipalities of Janos, Ascensión, Juárez, Guadalupe,
2655 # Práxedis G Guerrero, Coyame del Sotol, Ojinaga, and Manuel Benavides.
2656 # (See the 2016-03-12 El Universal source mentioned above.)
2657 Zone America/Ojinaga -6:57:40 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:02:20
2658 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2659 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2660 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2661 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2662 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2663 -6:00 - CST 1996
2664 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2665 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2666 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010
2667 -7:00 US M%sT
2668 # Chihuahua (away from US border)
2669 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2670 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2671 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2672 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2673 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2674 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2675 -6:00 - CST 1996
2676 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2677 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2678 -7:00 Mexico M%sT
2679 # Sonora
2680 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2681 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2682 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2683 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2684 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2685 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2686 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2687 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2688 -8:00 - PST 1970
2689 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
2690 -7:00 - MST
2691
2692 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2693 # According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2694 # changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2695 # share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2696 #
2697 # (Spanish)
2698 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2699 # país, a partir de este domingo
2700 # http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2701 #
2702 # Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2703 # País
2704 # http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50
2705 #
2706 # (English)
2707 # Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2708 # http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2709 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2710 #
2711 # "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2712 # will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2713 # zone ..."
2714 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2715
2716 # From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2717 # Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2718
2719 # Mazatlán
2720 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2721 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2722 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2723 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2724 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2725 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2726 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2727 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2728 -8:00 - PST 1970
2729 -7:00 Mexico M%sT
2730
2731 # Bahía de Banderas
2732 Zone America/Bahia_Banderas -7:01:00 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:59:00
2733 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2734 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2735 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2736 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2737 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2738 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2739 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2740 -8:00 - PST 1970
2741 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 2010 Apr 4 2:00
2742 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
2743
2744 # Baja California
2745 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
2746 -7:00 - MST 1924
2747 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2748 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2749 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2750 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2751 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2752 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2753 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2754 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2755 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2756 -8:00 - PST 1954
2757 -8:00 CA P%sT 1961
2758 -8:00 - PST 1976
2759 -8:00 US P%sT 1996
2760 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2761 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2762 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2010
2763 -8:00 US P%sT
2764 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2765 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2766 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2767 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
2768 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
2769 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and
2770 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2771 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
2772 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2773 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2774 # name or contents should be.
2775 #
2776 # From Paul Eggert (2015-10-08):
2777 # Formerly there was an America/Santa_Isabel zone, but this appears to
2778 # have come from a misreading of
2779 # http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2780 # It has been moved to the 'backward' file.
2781 #
2782 #
2783 # Revillagigedo Is
2784 # no information
2785
2786 ###############################################################################
2787
2788 # Anguilla
2789 # Antigua and Barbuda
2790 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
2791
2792 # Bahamas
2793 #
2794 # For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
2795 #
2796 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2797 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2798 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2799 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2800
2801 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2802 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2803 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2804 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2805 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:30 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2806 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
2807 -5:00 US E%sT
2808
2809 # Barbados
2810
2811 # For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
2812
2813 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2814 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
2815 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2816 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
2817 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2818 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
2819 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2820 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:29 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
2821 -3:58:29 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2822 -4:00 Barb A%sT
2823
2824 # Belize
2825 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2826 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2827 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 -0530
2828 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 CST
2829 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 CDT
2830 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 CST
2831 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 CDT
2832 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 CST
2833 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2834 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
2835 -6:00 Belize %s
2836
2837 # Bermuda
2838
2839 # For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2840 # Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.
2841
2842 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2843
2844 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2845 # in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
2846 # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2847 # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2848 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2849
2850 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2851 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:18 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
2852 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2853 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1976
2854 -4:00 US A%sT
2855
2856 # Cayman Is
2857 # See America/Panama.
2858
2859 # Costa Rica
2860
2861 # Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.
2862
2863 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2864 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2865 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2866 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2867 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2868 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2869 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
2870 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
2871 # There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
2872 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2873 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:13 - LMT 1890 # San José
2874 -5:36:13 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
2875 -6:00 CR C%sT
2876 # Coco
2877 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2878
2879 # Cuba
2880
2881 # From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2882 # Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
2883 # for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
2884 # For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
2885
2886 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2887 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2888 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2889 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2890 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2891 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2892 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2893 # sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2894 # to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have
2895 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2896
2897 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
2898 # DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
2899 # years before. The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
2900 # https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
2901
2902 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2903 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2904 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2905 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2906 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2907 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2908 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2909 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2910
2911 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2912 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2913 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
2914 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2915
2916 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2917 # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2918 # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2919 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2920 # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2921 # watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning
2922 # to the normal schedule....
2923
2924 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2925 # <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,
2926 # says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2927 # For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2928 # except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2929 #
2930 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
2931 # Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
2932 # earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
2933 #
2934 # He supplied these references:
2935 #
2936 # http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
2937 # http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
2938 #
2939 # From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):
2940 # Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
2941 #
2942 # Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre
2943 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
2944 #
2945 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
2946
2947 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
2948 # I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
2949 # Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
2950 # http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
2951 # a Cuban information station, and heard
2952 # the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
2953 # indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
2954
2955 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
2956 # It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
2957 # It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
2958 # http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
2959 #
2960 # Some more background information is posted here:
2961 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
2962 #
2963 # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
2964 # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
2965 # 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
2966 # observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
2967 # which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
2968 # change some historic records as well.
2969 #
2970 # One example:
2971 # http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
2972
2973 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
2974 # The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
2975 # web site, the Granma. Please check out
2976 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
2977 #
2978 # Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change
2979 # will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
2980
2981 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
2982 # Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
2983
2984 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
2985 # According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
2986 # midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
2987 # not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
2988 #
2989 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
2990 # (in Spanish)
2991
2992 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
2993 # I listened over the Internet to
2994 # http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
2995 # this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
2996 # the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating
2997 # that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
2998
2999 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
3000 # Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
3001 # this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
3002 # changed at all).
3003 #
3004 # Source:
3005 # http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
3006 #
3007 # Our info:
3008 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
3009 #
3010 # From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
3011 # Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
3012 # tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
3013 #
3014 # One source (Spanish)
3015 # http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
3016 #
3017 # Our page:
3018 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
3019 #
3020 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
3021 # According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
3022 # 31 and April 1.
3023 #
3024 # Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
3025 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
3026 #
3027 # Our info on it:
3028 # https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
3029
3030 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
3031 # Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
3032 # to standard time on 2012-11-04:
3033 # http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
3034 # From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
3035 # For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
3036
3037 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3038 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
3039 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
3040 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3041 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3042 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3043 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3044 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
3045 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
3046 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
3047 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
3048 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
3049 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
3050 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
3051 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
3052 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3053 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
3054 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3055 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
3056 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
3057 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
3058 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
3059 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
3060 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3061 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
3062 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
3063 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
3064 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
3065 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
3066 Rule Cuba 2000 2003 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
3067 Rule Cuba 2004 only - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
3068 Rule Cuba 2006 2010 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
3069 Rule Cuba 2007 only - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
3070 Rule Cuba 2008 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
3071 Rule Cuba 2009 2010 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
3072 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
3073 Rule Cuba 2011 only - Nov 13 0:00s 0 S
3074 Rule Cuba 2012 only - Apr 1 0:00s 1:00 D
3075 Rule Cuba 2012 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00s 0 S
3076 Rule Cuba 2013 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
3077
3078 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3079 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
3080 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
3081 -5:00 Cuba C%sT
3082
3083 # Dominica
3084 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3085
3086 # Dominican Republic
3087
3088 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
3089 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
3090 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
3091 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
3092
3093 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
3094 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
3095
3096 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
3097 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
3098 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
3099 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
3100 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
3101 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
3102 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
3103 # decided to revert.
3104
3105
3106 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3107 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 EDT
3108 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 EST
3109 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 -0430
3110 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 EST
3111 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 EST
3112 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 EST
3113 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3114 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
3115 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
3116 -5:00 DR %s 1974 Oct 27
3117 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 2:00
3118 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 1:00
3119 -4:00 - AST
3120
3121 # El Salvador
3122
3123 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3124 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3125 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3126 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
3127 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
3128 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3129 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
3130 -6:00 Salv C%sT
3131
3132 # Grenada
3133 # Guadeloupe
3134 # St Barthélemy
3135 # St Martin (French part)
3136 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3137
3138 # Guatemala
3139 #
3140 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
3141 # Diario Co Latino, at
3142 # <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,
3143 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
3144 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
3145 # impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
3146 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
3147 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
3148 # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
3149 # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
3150 # http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf
3151
3152 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3153 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
3154 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
3155 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
3156 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
3157 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
3158 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
3159 Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
3160 Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
3161 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3162 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
3163 -6:00 Guat C%sT
3164
3165 # Haiti
3166 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
3167 # Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
3168 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release
3169 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
3170 # <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>. Translated from French, it says:
3171 #
3172 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
3173 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
3174 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
3175 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
3176 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
3177 #
3178 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
3179 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
3180 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
3181 # October 2005.
3182 #
3183 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
3184 #
3185 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
3186 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
3187 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
3188 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
3189 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
3190 #
3191 # I have found this article about it (in French):
3192 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
3193 #
3194 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
3195
3196 # From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
3197 # Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
3198
3199 # From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
3200 # According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
3201 # apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
3202 # So this means they have already changed their time.
3203 #
3204 # http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
3205 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
3206 #
3207 # From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
3208 # The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
3209 # 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
3210 # Assume a US-style fall back as well.
3211
3212 # From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
3213 # It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
3214 # as US/Canada. They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
3215 # are going to observe DST every year now...
3216 #
3217 # http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
3218 # http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
3219
3220 # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-12):
3221 # Jean Antoine, editor of www.haiti-reference.com informed us that Haiti
3222 # are not going on DST this year. Several other resources confirm this: ...
3223 # https://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html
3224 # https://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/
3225 # http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-lheure-nationale-ne-sera-ni-avancee-ni-reculee-cette-annee/
3226
3227 # From Steffen Thorsen (2017-03-12):
3228 # We have received 4 mails from different people telling that Haiti
3229 # has started DST again today, and this source seems to confirm that,
3230 # I have not been able to find a more authoritative source:
3231 # https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-20319-haiti-notices-time-change-in-haiti.html
3232
3233 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3234 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
3235 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
3236 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3237 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
3238 # Go with IATA.
3239 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
3240 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
3241 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3242 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
3243 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3244 Rule Haiti 2012 2015 - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3245 Rule Haiti 2017 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
3246 Rule Haiti 2017 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
3247 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3248 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
3249 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
3250 -5:00 Haiti E%sT
3251
3252 # Honduras
3253 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
3254
3255 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
3256 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
3257 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
3258 # months until September. La Tribuna reported today
3259 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
3260 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
3261
3262 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
3263 # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
3264 # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
3265 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
3266
3267 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
3268 # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08).
3269 # http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12
3270 # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
3271
3272 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
3273 # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
3274 # published, I have located this authoritative source:
3275 # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
3276
3277 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
3278 # http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
3279 # So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
3280
3281 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3282 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3283 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
3284 Rule Hond 2006 only - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
3285 Rule Hond 2006 only - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
3286 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3287 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
3288 -6:00 Hond C%sT
3289 #
3290 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
3291
3292 # Jamaica
3293 # Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
3294 # unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
3295 # island". Go with Milne. Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
3296 #
3297 # Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
3298 # Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
3299 # Assume Neita meant Jan 6 02:00, the same as the US. Neita also writes that
3300 # Manley's supporters associated this act with Manley's nickname "Joshua"
3301 # (recall that in the Bible the sun stood still at Joshua's request),
3302 # and with the Rod of Correction which Manley said he had received from
3303 # Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia. See:
3304 # Neita L. The politician in all of us. Jamaica Observer 2014-09-20
3305 # http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
3306 #
3307 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3308 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:10 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
3309 -5:07:10 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3310 -5:00 - EST 1974
3311 -5:00 US E%sT 1984
3312 -5:00 - EST
3313
3314 # Martinique
3315 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3316 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
3317 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
3318 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
3319 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
3320 -4:00 - AST
3321
3322 # Montserrat
3323 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3324
3325 # Nicaragua
3326 #
3327 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3328 #
3329 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3330 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3331 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3332 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
3333 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3334 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3335 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3336 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3337 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3338 #
3339 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3340 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3341 # assume that it is daylight saving....
3342 #
3343 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3344 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3345 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3346 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3347 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3348 # during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...
3349 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3350 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3351 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3352 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3353 #
3354 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3355 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3356 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3357 # (2005-09-26)
3358 #
3359 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3360 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3361 # (my informal translation)
3362 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua
3363 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3364 # morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.
3365 #
3366 # From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3367 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3368 # My informal translation runs:
3369 # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3370 # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3371 #
3372 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
3373 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
3374 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
3375 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
3376 Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
3377 Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
3378 Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
3379 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3380 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
3381 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3382 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
3383 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
3384 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
3385 -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
3386 -6:00 - CST 1993
3387 -5:00 - EST 1997
3388 -6:00 Nic C%sT
3389
3390 # Panama
3391 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3392 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
3393 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
3394 -5:00 - EST
3395 Link America/Panama America/Cayman
3396
3397 # Puerto Rico
3398 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3399 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3400 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3401 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
3402 -4:00 US A%sT 1946
3403 -4:00 - AST
3404
3405 # St Kitts-Nevis
3406 # St Lucia
3407 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3408
3409 # St Pierre and Miquelon
3410 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3411 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3412 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
3413 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
3414 -3:00 - -03 1987
3415 -3:00 Canada -03/-02
3416
3417 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
3418 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3419
3420 # Turks and Caicos
3421 #
3422 # From Chris Dunn in
3423 # https://bugs.debian.org/415007
3424 # (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3425 # daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3426 # the recent U.S. change of dates.
3427 #
3428 # From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
3429 # http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3430 # there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3431 # rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3432 # "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3433 # Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3434 # indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3435 #
3436 # From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):
3437 # The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UT -04 year-round. See:
3438 # http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm
3439 # Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...
3440 # From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):
3441 # ... the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to
3442 # "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....
3443 # http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm
3444 #
3445 # From the Turks & Caicos Cabinet (2017-07-20), heads-up from Steffen Thorsen:
3446 # ... agreed to the reintroduction in TCI of Daylight Saving Time (DST)
3447 # during the summer months and Standard Time, also known as Local
3448 # Time, during the winter months with effect from April 2018 ...
3449 # https://www.gov.uk/government/news/turks-and-caicos-post-cabinet-meeting-statement--3
3450 #
3451 # From Paul Eggert (2017-08-26):
3452 # The date of effect of the spring 2018 change appears to be March 11,
3453 # which makes more sense. See: Hamilton D. Time change back
3454 # by March 2018 for TCI. Magnetic Media. 2017-08-25.
3455 # http://magneticmediatv.com/2017/08/time-change-back-by-march-2018-for-tci/
3456 #
3457 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
3458 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
3459 -5:07:10 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3460 -5:00 - EST 1979
3461 -5:00 US E%sT 2015 Nov Sun>=1 2:00
3462 -4:00 - AST 2018 Mar 11 3:00
3463 -5:00 US E%sT
3464
3465 # British Virgin Is
3466 # Virgin Is
3467 # See America/Port_of_Spain.
3468
3469
3470 # Local Variables:
3471 # coding: utf-8
3472 # End: