1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1997, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
   3  * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
   4  *
   5  * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
   6  * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
   7  * published by the Free Software Foundation.
   8  *
   9  * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
  10  * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
  11  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
  12  * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
  13  * accompanied this code).
  14  *
  15  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
  16  * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
  17  * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
  18  *
  19  * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
  20  * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
  21  * questions.
  22  *
  23  */
  24 
  25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
  26 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
  27 #include "classfile/javaAssertions.hpp"
  28 #include "classfile/stringTable.hpp"
  29 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
  30 #include "code/codeCacheExtensions.hpp"
  31 #include "compiler/compilerOracle.hpp"
  32 #include "gc/shared/cardTableRS.hpp"
  33 #include "gc/shared/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
  34 #include "gc/shared/referenceProcessor.hpp"
  35 #include "gc/shared/taskqueue.hpp"
  36 #include "memory/allocation.inline.hpp"
  37 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
  38 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
  39 #include "prims/jvmtiExport.hpp"
  40 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
  41 #include "runtime/arguments_ext.hpp"
  42 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagConstraintList.hpp"
  43 #include "runtime/commandLineFlagRangeList.hpp"
  44 #include "runtime/globals.hpp"
  45 #include "runtime/globals_extension.hpp"
  46 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
  47 #include "runtime/os.hpp"
  48 #include "runtime/vm_version.hpp"
  49 #include "services/management.hpp"
  50 #include "services/memTracker.hpp"
  51 #include "utilities/defaultStream.hpp"
  52 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
  53 #include "utilities/stringUtils.hpp"
  54 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  55 #include "gc/cms/compactibleFreeListSpace.hpp"
  56 #include "gc/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"
  57 #include "gc/parallel/parallelScavengeHeap.hpp"
  58 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
  59 
  60 // Note: This is a special bug reporting site for the JVM
  61 #define DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG "http://bugreport.java.com/bugreport/crash.jsp"
  62 #define DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER  "generic"
  63 
  64 #define UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(gc)                                     \
  65 do {                                                                  \
  66   if (gc) {                                                           \
  67     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(gc)) {                                        \
  68       warning(#gc " is not supported in this VM.  Using Serial GC."); \
  69     }                                                                 \
  70     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(gc, false);                                      \
  71   }                                                                   \
  72 } while(0)
  73 
  74 char** Arguments::_jvm_flags_array              = NULL;
  75 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_flags                = 0;
  76 char** Arguments::_jvm_args_array               = NULL;
  77 int    Arguments::_num_jvm_args                 = 0;
  78 char*  Arguments::_java_command                 = NULL;
  79 SystemProperty* Arguments::_system_properties   = NULL;
  80 const char*  Arguments::_gc_log_filename        = NULL;
  81 bool   Arguments::_has_profile                  = false;
  82 size_t Arguments::_conservative_max_heap_alignment = 0;
  83 size_t Arguments::_min_heap_size                = 0;
  84 Arguments::Mode Arguments::_mode                = _mixed;
  85 bool   Arguments::_java_compiler                = false;
  86 bool   Arguments::_xdebug_mode                  = false;
  87 const char*  Arguments::_java_vendor_url_bug    = DEFAULT_VENDOR_URL_BUG;
  88 const char*  Arguments::_sun_java_launcher      = DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER;
  89 int    Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_pid        = -1;
  90 bool   Arguments::_sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm  = false;
  91 
  92 // These parameters are reset in method parse_vm_init_args()
  93 bool   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods     = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
  94 bool   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement        = UseOnStackReplacement;
  95 bool   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation        = BackgroundCompilation;
  96 bool   Arguments::_ClipInlining                 = ClipInlining;
  97 intx   Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog     = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
  98 intx   Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold     = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
  99 
 100 char*  Arguments::SharedArchivePath             = NULL;
 101 
 102 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_libraryList;
 103 AgentLibraryList Arguments::_agentList;
 104 
 105 abort_hook_t     Arguments::_abort_hook         = NULL;
 106 exit_hook_t      Arguments::_exit_hook          = NULL;
 107 vfprintf_hook_t  Arguments::_vfprintf_hook      = NULL;
 108 
 109 
 110 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_library_path = NULL;
 111 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_library_path = NULL;
 112 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_home = NULL;
 113 SystemProperty *Arguments::_java_class_path = NULL;
 114 SystemProperty *Arguments::_sun_boot_class_path = NULL;
 115 
 116 char* Arguments::_ext_dirs = NULL;
 117 
 118 // Check if head of 'option' matches 'name', and sets 'tail' to the remaining
 119 // part of the option string.
 120 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name,
 121                          const char** tail) {
 122   int len = (int)strlen(name);
 123   if (strncmp(option->optionString, name, len) == 0) {
 124     *tail = option->optionString + len;
 125     return true;
 126   } else {
 127     return false;
 128   }
 129 }
 130 
 131 // Check if 'option' matches 'name'. No "tail" is allowed.
 132 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption *option, const char* name) {
 133   const char* tail = NULL;
 134   bool result = match_option(option, name, &tail);
 135   if (tail != NULL && *tail == '\0') {
 136     return result;
 137   } else {
 138     return false;
 139   }
 140 }
 141 
 142 // Return true if any of the strings in null-terminated array 'names' matches.
 143 // If tail_allowed is true, then the tail must begin with a colon; otherwise,
 144 // the option must match exactly.
 145 static bool match_option(const JavaVMOption* option, const char** names, const char** tail,
 146   bool tail_allowed) {
 147   for (/* empty */; *names != NULL; ++names) {
 148     if (match_option(option, *names, tail)) {
 149       if (**tail == '\0' || tail_allowed && **tail == ':') {
 150         return true;
 151       }
 152     }
 153   }
 154   return false;
 155 }
 156 
 157 static void logOption(const char* opt) {
 158   if (PrintVMOptions) {
 159     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "VM option '%s'\n", opt);
 160   }
 161 }
 162 
 163 // Process java launcher properties.
 164 void Arguments::process_sun_java_launcher_properties(JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
 165   // See if sun.java.launcher, sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm or
 166   // sun.java.launcher.pid is defined.
 167   // Must do this before setting up other system properties,
 168   // as some of them may depend on launcher type.
 169   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
 170     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
 171     const char* tail;
 172 
 173     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher=", &tail)) {
 174       process_java_launcher_argument(tail, option->extraInfo);
 175       continue;
 176     }
 177     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.is_altjvm=", &tail)) {
 178       if (strcmp(tail, "true") == 0) {
 179         _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm = true;
 180       }
 181       continue;
 182     }
 183     if (match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher.pid=", &tail)) {
 184       _sun_java_launcher_pid = atoi(tail);
 185       continue;
 186     }
 187   }
 188 }
 189 
 190 // Initialize system properties key and value.
 191 void Arguments::init_system_properties() {
 192   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.name",
 193                                                                  "Java Virtual Machine Specification",  false));
 194   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.version", VM_Version::vm_release(),  false));
 195   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.name", VM_Version::vm_name(),  false));
 196   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, new SystemProperty("java.vm.info", VM_Version::vm_info_string(),  true));
 197 
 198   // Following are JVMTI agent writable properties.
 199   // Properties values are set to NULL and they are
 200   // os specific they are initialized in os::init_system_properties_values().
 201   _sun_boot_library_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.library.path", NULL,  true);
 202   _java_library_path = new SystemProperty("java.library.path", NULL,  true);
 203   _java_home =  new SystemProperty("java.home", NULL,  true);
 204   _sun_boot_class_path = new SystemProperty("sun.boot.class.path", NULL,  true);
 205 
 206   _java_class_path = new SystemProperty("java.class.path", "",  true);
 207 
 208   // Add to System Property list.
 209   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_library_path);
 210   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_library_path);
 211   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_home);
 212   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _java_class_path);
 213   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, _sun_boot_class_path);
 214 
 215   // Set OS specific system properties values
 216   os::init_system_properties_values();
 217 }
 218 
 219 // Update/Initialize System properties after JDK version number is known
 220 void Arguments::init_version_specific_system_properties() {
 221   enum { bufsz = 16 };
 222   char buffer[bufsz];
 223   const char* spec_vendor = "Sun Microsystems Inc.";
 224   uint32_t spec_version = 0;
 225 
 226   spec_vendor = "Oracle Corporation";
 227   spec_version = JDK_Version::current().major_version();
 228   jio_snprintf(buffer, bufsz, "1." UINT32_FORMAT, spec_version);
 229 
 230   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 231       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.vendor",  spec_vendor, false));
 232   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 233       new SystemProperty("java.vm.specification.version", buffer, false));
 234   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties,
 235       new SystemProperty("java.vm.vendor", VM_Version::vm_vendor(),  false));
 236 }
 237 
 238 /**
 239  * Provide a slightly more user-friendly way of eliminating -XX flags.
 240  * When a flag is eliminated, it can be added to this list in order to
 241  * continue accepting this flag on the command-line, while issuing a warning
 242  * and ignoring the value.  Once the JDK version reaches the 'accept_until'
 243  * limit, we flatly refuse to admit the existence of the flag.  This allows
 244  * a flag to die correctly over JDK releases using HSX.
 245  * But now that HSX is no longer supported only options with a future
 246  * accept_until value need to be listed, and the list can be pruned
 247  * on each major release.
 248  */
 249 typedef struct {
 250   const char* name;
 251   JDK_Version obsoleted_in; // when the flag went away
 252   JDK_Version accept_until; // which version to start denying the existence
 253 } ObsoleteFlag;
 254 
 255 static ObsoleteFlag obsolete_jvm_flags[] = {
 256   { "UseOldInlining",                JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 257   { "SafepointPollOffset",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 258   { "UseBoundThreads",               JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 259   { "DefaultThreadPriority",         JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 260   { "NoYieldsInMicrolock",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 261   { "BackEdgeThreshold",             JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 262   { "UseNewReflection",              JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 263   { "ReflectionWrapResolutionErrors",JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 264   { "VerifyReflectionBytecodes",     JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 265   { "AutoShutdownNMT",               JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 266   { "NmethodSweepFraction",          JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 267   { "NmethodSweepCheckInterval",     JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 268   { "CodeCacheMinimumFreeSpace",     JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 269 #ifndef ZERO
 270   { "UseFastAccessorMethods",        JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 271   { "UseFastEmptyMethods",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 272 #endif // ZERO
 273   { "UseCompilerSafepoints",         JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 274   { "AdaptiveSizePausePolicy",       JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 275   { "ParallelGCRetainPLAB",          JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 276   { "ThreadSafetyMargin",            JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 277   { "LazyBootClassLoader",           JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 278   { "StarvationMonitorInterval",     JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 279   { "PreInflateSpin",                JDK_Version::jdk(9), JDK_Version::jdk(10) },
 280   { NULL, JDK_Version(0), JDK_Version(0) }
 281 };
 282 
 283 // Returns true if the flag is obsolete and fits into the range specified
 284 // for being ignored.  In the case that the flag is ignored, the 'version'
 285 // value is filled in with the version number when the flag became
 286 // obsolete so that that value can be displayed to the user.
 287 bool Arguments::is_newly_obsolete(const char *s, JDK_Version* version) {
 288   int i = 0;
 289   assert(version != NULL, "Must provide a version buffer");
 290   while (obsolete_jvm_flags[i].name != NULL) {
 291     const ObsoleteFlag& flag_status = obsolete_jvm_flags[i];
 292     // <flag>=xxx form
 293     // [-|+]<flag> form
 294     size_t len = strlen(flag_status.name);
 295     if ((strncmp(flag_status.name, s, len) == 0) &&
 296         (strlen(s) == len)){
 297       if (JDK_Version::current().compare(flag_status.accept_until) == -1) {
 298           *version = flag_status.obsoleted_in;
 299           return true;
 300       }
 301     }
 302     i++;
 303   }
 304   return false;
 305 }
 306 
 307 // Constructs the system class path (aka boot class path) from the following
 308 // components, in order:
 309 //
 310 //     prefix           // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 311 //     base             // from os::get_system_properties() or -Xbootclasspath=
 312 //     suffix           // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 313 //
 314 // This could be AllStatic, but it isn't needed after argument processing is
 315 // complete.
 316 class SysClassPath: public StackObj {
 317 public:
 318   SysClassPath(const char* base);
 319   ~SysClassPath();
 320 
 321   inline void set_base(const char* base);
 322   inline void add_prefix(const char* prefix);
 323   inline void add_suffix_to_prefix(const char* suffix);
 324   inline void add_suffix(const char* suffix);
 325   inline void reset_path(const char* base);
 326 
 327   inline const char* get_base()     const { return _items[_scp_base]; }
 328   inline const char* get_prefix()   const { return _items[_scp_prefix]; }
 329   inline const char* get_suffix()   const { return _items[_scp_suffix]; }
 330 
 331   // Combine all the components into a single c-heap-allocated string; caller
 332   // must free the string if/when no longer needed.
 333   char* combined_path();
 334 
 335 private:
 336   // Utility routines.
 337   static char* add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend);
 338   static char* add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory);
 339 
 340   inline void reset_item_at(int index);
 341 
 342   // Array indices for the items that make up the sysclasspath.  All except the
 343   // base are allocated in the C heap and freed by this class.
 344   enum {
 345     _scp_prefix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/p:...
 346     _scp_base,          // the default sysclasspath
 347     _scp_suffix,        // from -Xbootclasspath/a:...
 348     _scp_nitems         // the number of items, must be last.
 349   };
 350 
 351   const char* _items[_scp_nitems];
 352 };
 353 
 354 SysClassPath::SysClassPath(const char* base) {
 355   memset(_items, 0, sizeof(_items));
 356   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 357 }
 358 
 359 SysClassPath::~SysClassPath() {
 360   // Free everything except the base.
 361   for (int i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 362     if (i != _scp_base) reset_item_at(i);
 363   }
 364 }
 365 
 366 inline void SysClassPath::set_base(const char* base) {
 367   _items[_scp_base] = base;
 368 }
 369 
 370 inline void SysClassPath::add_prefix(const char* prefix) {
 371   _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], prefix, true);
 372 }
 373 
 374 inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix_to_prefix(const char* suffix) {
 375   _items[_scp_prefix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_prefix], suffix, false);
 376 }
 377 
 378 inline void SysClassPath::add_suffix(const char* suffix) {
 379   _items[_scp_suffix] = add_to_path(_items[_scp_suffix], suffix, false);
 380 }
 381 
 382 inline void SysClassPath::reset_item_at(int index) {
 383   assert(index < _scp_nitems && index != _scp_base, "just checking");
 384   if (_items[index] != NULL) {
 385     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, _items[index]);
 386     _items[index] = NULL;
 387   }
 388 }
 389 
 390 inline void SysClassPath::reset_path(const char* base) {
 391   // Clear the prefix and suffix.
 392   reset_item_at(_scp_prefix);
 393   reset_item_at(_scp_suffix);
 394   set_base(base);
 395 }
 396 
 397 //------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 398 
 399 
 400 // Combine the bootclasspath elements, some of which may be null, into a single
 401 // c-heap-allocated string.
 402 char* SysClassPath::combined_path() {
 403   assert(_items[_scp_base] != NULL, "empty default sysclasspath");
 404 
 405   size_t lengths[_scp_nitems];
 406   size_t total_len = 0;
 407 
 408   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 409 
 410   // Get the lengths.
 411   int i;
 412   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 413     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 414       lengths[i] = strlen(_items[i]);
 415       // Include space for the separator char (or a NULL for the last item).
 416       total_len += lengths[i] + 1;
 417     }
 418   }
 419   assert(total_len > 0, "empty sysclasspath not allowed");
 420 
 421   // Copy the _items to a single string.
 422   char* cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, total_len, mtInternal);
 423   char* cp_tmp = cp;
 424   for (i = 0; i < _scp_nitems; ++i) {
 425     if (_items[i] != NULL) {
 426       memcpy(cp_tmp, _items[i], lengths[i]);
 427       cp_tmp += lengths[i];
 428       *cp_tmp++ = separator;
 429     }
 430   }
 431   *--cp_tmp = '\0';     // Replace the extra separator.
 432   return cp;
 433 }
 434 
 435 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 436 char*
 437 SysClassPath::add_to_path(const char* path, const char* str, bool prepend) {
 438   char *cp;
 439 
 440   assert(str != NULL, "just checking");
 441   if (path == NULL) {
 442     size_t len = strlen(str) + 1;
 443     cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtInternal);
 444     memcpy(cp, str, len);                       // copy the trailing null
 445   } else {
 446     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
 447     size_t old_len = strlen(path);
 448     size_t str_len = strlen(str);
 449     size_t len = old_len + str_len + 2;
 450 
 451     if (prepend) {
 452       cp = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtInternal);
 453       char* cp_tmp = cp;
 454       memcpy(cp_tmp, str, str_len);
 455       cp_tmp += str_len;
 456       *cp_tmp = separator;
 457       memcpy(++cp_tmp, path, old_len + 1);      // copy the trailing null
 458       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path);
 459     } else {
 460       cp = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, path, len, mtInternal);
 461       char* cp_tmp = cp + old_len;
 462       *cp_tmp = separator;
 463       memcpy(++cp_tmp, str, str_len + 1);       // copy the trailing null
 464     }
 465   }
 466   return cp;
 467 }
 468 
 469 // Scan the directory and append any jar or zip files found to path.
 470 // Note:  path must be c-heap-allocated (or NULL); it is freed if non-null.
 471 char* SysClassPath::add_jars_to_path(char* path, const char* directory) {
 472   DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
 473   if (dir == NULL) return path;
 474 
 475   char dir_sep[2] = { '\0', '\0' };
 476   size_t directory_len = strlen(directory);
 477   const char fileSep = *os::file_separator();
 478   if (directory[directory_len - 1] != fileSep) dir_sep[0] = fileSep;
 479 
 480   /* Scan the directory for jars/zips, appending them to path. */
 481   struct dirent *entry;
 482   char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory), mtInternal);
 483   while ((entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
 484     const char* name = entry->d_name;
 485     const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
 486     bool isJarOrZip = ext > name &&
 487       (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0 ||
 488        os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".zip") == 0);
 489     if (isJarOrZip) {
 490       char* jarpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, directory_len + 2 + strlen(name), mtInternal);
 491       sprintf(jarpath, "%s%s%s", directory, dir_sep, name);
 492       path = add_to_path(path, jarpath, false);
 493       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, jarpath);
 494     }
 495   }
 496   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf);
 497   os::closedir(dir);
 498   return path;
 499 }
 500 
 501 // Parses a memory size specification string.
 502 static bool atomull(const char *s, julong* result) {
 503   julong n = 0;
 504   int args_read = 0;
 505   bool is_hex = false;
 506   // Skip leading 0[xX] for hexadecimal
 507   if (*s =='0' && (*(s+1) == 'x' || *(s+1) == 'X')) {
 508     s += 2;
 509     is_hex = true;
 510     args_read = sscanf(s, JULONG_FORMAT_X, &n);
 511   } else {
 512     args_read = sscanf(s, JULONG_FORMAT, &n);
 513   }
 514   if (args_read != 1) {
 515     return false;
 516   }
 517   while (*s != '\0' && (isdigit(*s) || (is_hex && isxdigit(*s)))) {
 518     s++;
 519   }
 520   // 4705540: illegal if more characters are found after the first non-digit
 521   if (strlen(s) > 1) {
 522     return false;
 523   }
 524   switch (*s) {
 525     case 'T': case 't':
 526       *result = n * G * K;
 527       // Check for overflow.
 528       if (*result/((julong)G * K) != n) return false;
 529       return true;
 530     case 'G': case 'g':
 531       *result = n * G;
 532       if (*result/G != n) return false;
 533       return true;
 534     case 'M': case 'm':
 535       *result = n * M;
 536       if (*result/M != n) return false;
 537       return true;
 538     case 'K': case 'k':
 539       *result = n * K;
 540       if (*result/K != n) return false;
 541       return true;
 542     case '\0':
 543       *result = n;
 544       return true;
 545     default:
 546       return false;
 547   }
 548 }
 549 
 550 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::check_memory_size(julong size, julong min_size) {
 551   if (size < min_size) return arg_too_small;
 552   // Check that size will fit in a size_t (only relevant on 32-bit)
 553   if (size > max_uintx) return arg_too_big;
 554   return arg_in_range;
 555 }
 556 
 557 // Describe an argument out of range error
 558 void Arguments::describe_range_error(ArgsRange errcode) {
 559   switch(errcode) {
 560   case arg_too_big:
 561     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 562                 "The specified size exceeds the maximum "
 563                 "representable size.\n");
 564     break;
 565   case arg_too_small:
 566   case arg_unreadable:
 567   case arg_in_range:
 568     // do nothing for now
 569     break;
 570   default:
 571     ShouldNotReachHere();
 572   }
 573 }
 574 
 575 static bool set_bool_flag(char* name, bool value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 576   if (CommandLineFlags::boolAtPut(name, &value, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 577     return true;
 578   } else {
 579     return false;
 580   }
 581 }
 582 
 583 static bool set_fp_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 584   char* end;
 585   errno = 0;
 586   double v = strtod(value, &end);
 587   if (errno != 0 || *end != 0) {
 588     return false;
 589   }
 590 
 591   if (CommandLineFlags::doubleAtPut(name, &v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 592     return true;
 593   }
 594   return false;
 595 }
 596 
 597 static bool set_numeric_flag(char* name, char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 598   julong v;
 599   int int_v;
 600   intx intx_v;
 601   bool is_neg = false;
 602   // Check the sign first since atomull() parses only unsigned values.
 603   if (*value == '-') {
 604     if ((CommandLineFlags::intxAt(name, &intx_v) != Flag::SUCCESS) && (CommandLineFlags::intAt(name, &int_v) != Flag::SUCCESS)) {
 605       return false;
 606     }
 607     value++;
 608     is_neg = true;
 609   }
 610   if (!atomull(value, &v)) {
 611     return false;
 612   }
 613   int_v = (int) v;
 614   if (is_neg) {
 615     int_v = -int_v;
 616   }
 617   if (CommandLineFlags::intAtPut(name, &int_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 618     return true;
 619   }
 620   uint uint_v = (uint) v;
 621   if (!is_neg && CommandLineFlags::uintAtPut(name, &uint_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 622     return true;
 623   }
 624   intx_v = (intx) v;
 625   if (is_neg) {
 626     intx_v = -intx_v;
 627   }
 628   if (CommandLineFlags::intxAtPut(name, &intx_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
 629     return true;
 630   }
 631   uintx uintx_v = (uintx) v;
 632   if (!is_neg && (CommandLineFlags::uintxAtPut(name, &uintx_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS)) {
 633     return true;
 634   }
 635   uint64_t uint64_t_v = (uint64_t) v;
 636   if (!is_neg && (CommandLineFlags::uint64_tAtPut(name, &uint64_t_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS)) {
 637     return true;
 638   }
 639   size_t size_t_v = (size_t) v;
 640   if (!is_neg && (CommandLineFlags::size_tAtPut(name, &size_t_v, origin) == Flag::SUCCESS)) {
 641     return true;
 642   }
 643   return false;
 644 }
 645 
 646 static bool set_string_flag(char* name, const char* value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 647   if (CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin) != Flag::SUCCESS) return false;
 648   // Contract:  CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 649   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 650   return true;
 651 }
 652 
 653 static bool append_to_string_flag(char* name, const char* new_value, Flag::Flags origin) {
 654   const char* old_value = "";
 655   if (CommandLineFlags::ccstrAt(name, &old_value) != Flag::SUCCESS) return false;
 656   size_t old_len = old_value != NULL ? strlen(old_value) : 0;
 657   size_t new_len = strlen(new_value);
 658   const char* value;
 659   char* free_this_too = NULL;
 660   if (old_len == 0) {
 661     value = new_value;
 662   } else if (new_len == 0) {
 663     value = old_value;
 664   } else {
 665     char* buf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, old_len + 1 + new_len + 1, mtInternal);
 666     // each new setting adds another LINE to the switch:
 667     sprintf(buf, "%s\n%s", old_value, new_value);
 668     value = buf;
 669     free_this_too = buf;
 670   }
 671   (void) CommandLineFlags::ccstrAtPut(name, &value, origin);
 672   // CommandLineFlags always returns a pointer that needs freeing.
 673   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, value);
 674   if (free_this_too != NULL) {
 675     // CommandLineFlags made its own copy, so I must delete my own temp. buffer.
 676     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, free_this_too);
 677   }
 678   return true;
 679 }
 680 
 681 bool Arguments::parse_argument(const char* arg, Flag::Flags origin) {
 682 
 683   // range of acceptable characters spelled out for portability reasons
 684 #define NAME_RANGE  "[abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789_]"
 685 #define BUFLEN 255
 686   char name[BUFLEN+1];
 687   char dummy;
 688 
 689   if (sscanf(arg, "-%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 690     return set_bool_flag(name, false, origin);
 691   }
 692   if (sscanf(arg, "+%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &dummy) == 1) {
 693     return set_bool_flag(name, true, origin);
 694   }
 695 
 696   char punct;
 697   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 698     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 699     Flag* flag = Flag::find_flag(name, strlen(name));
 700     if (flag != NULL && flag->is_ccstr()) {
 701       if (flag->ccstr_accumulates()) {
 702         return append_to_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 703       } else {
 704         if (value[0] == '\0') {
 705           value = NULL;
 706         }
 707         return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 708       }
 709     }
 710   }
 711 
 712   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE ":%c", name, &punct) == 2 && punct == '=') {
 713     const char* value = strchr(arg, '=') + 1;
 714     // -XX:Foo:=xxx will reset the string flag to the given value.
 715     if (value[0] == '\0') {
 716       value = NULL;
 717     }
 718     return set_string_flag(name, value, origin);
 719   }
 720 
 721 #define SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "[-0123456789.eE+]"
 722 #define SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE    "[-0123456789]"
 723 #define        NUMBER_RANGE    "[0123456789eE+-]"
 724   char value[BUFLEN + 1];
 725   char value2[BUFLEN + 1];
 726   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_NUMBER_RANGE "." "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, value2, &dummy) == 3) {
 727     // Looks like a floating-point number -- try again with more lenient format string
 728     if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) SIGNED_FP_NUMBER_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 729       return set_fp_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 730     }
 731   }
 732 
 733 #define VALUE_RANGE "[-kmgtxKMGTX0123456789abcdefABCDEF]"
 734   if (sscanf(arg, "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) NAME_RANGE "=" "%" XSTR(BUFLEN) VALUE_RANGE "%c", name, value, &dummy) == 2) {
 735     return set_numeric_flag(name, value, origin);
 736   }
 737 
 738   return false;
 739 }
 740 
 741 void Arguments::add_string(char*** bldarray, int* count, const char* arg) {
 742   assert(bldarray != NULL, "illegal argument");
 743 
 744   if (arg == NULL) {
 745     return;
 746   }
 747 
 748   int new_count = *count + 1;
 749 
 750   // expand the array and add arg to the last element
 751   if (*bldarray == NULL) {
 752     *bldarray = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, new_count, mtInternal);
 753   } else {
 754     *bldarray = REALLOC_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char*, *bldarray, new_count, mtInternal);
 755   }
 756   (*bldarray)[*count] = os::strdup_check_oom(arg);
 757   *count = new_count;
 758 }
 759 
 760 void Arguments::build_jvm_args(const char* arg) {
 761   add_string(&_jvm_args_array, &_num_jvm_args, arg);
 762 }
 763 
 764 void Arguments::build_jvm_flags(const char* arg) {
 765   add_string(&_jvm_flags_array, &_num_jvm_flags, arg);
 766 }
 767 
 768 // utility function to return a string that concatenates all
 769 // strings in a given char** array
 770 const char* Arguments::build_resource_string(char** args, int count) {
 771   if (args == NULL || count == 0) {
 772     return NULL;
 773   }
 774   size_t length = strlen(args[0]) + 1; // add 1 for the null terminator
 775   for (int i = 1; i < count; i++) {
 776     length += strlen(args[i]) + 1; // add 1 for a space
 777   }
 778   char* s = NEW_RESOURCE_ARRAY(char, length);
 779   strcpy(s, args[0]);
 780   for (int j = 1; j < count; j++) {
 781     strcat(s, " ");
 782     strcat(s, args[j]);
 783   }
 784   return (const char*) s;
 785 }
 786 
 787 void Arguments::print_on(outputStream* st) {
 788   st->print_cr("VM Arguments:");
 789   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
 790     st->print("jvm_flags: "); print_jvm_flags_on(st);
 791     st->cr();
 792   }
 793   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
 794     st->print("jvm_args: "); print_jvm_args_on(st);
 795     st->cr();
 796   }
 797   st->print_cr("java_command: %s", java_command() ? java_command() : "<unknown>");
 798   if (_java_class_path != NULL) {
 799     char* path = _java_class_path->value();
 800     st->print_cr("java_class_path (initial): %s", strlen(path) == 0 ? "<not set>" : path );
 801   }
 802   st->print_cr("Launcher Type: %s", _sun_java_launcher);
 803 }
 804 
 805 void Arguments::print_summary_on(outputStream* st) {
 806   // Print the command line.  Environment variables that are helpful for
 807   // reproducing the problem are written later in the hs_err file.
 808   // flags are from setting file
 809   if (num_jvm_flags() > 0) {
 810     st->print_raw("Settings File: ");
 811     print_jvm_flags_on(st);
 812     st->cr();
 813   }
 814   // args are the command line and environment variable arguments.
 815   st->print_raw("Command Line: ");
 816   if (num_jvm_args() > 0) {
 817     print_jvm_args_on(st);
 818   }
 819   // this is the classfile and any arguments to the java program
 820   if (java_command() != NULL) {
 821     st->print("%s", java_command());
 822   }
 823   st->cr();
 824 }
 825 
 826 void Arguments::print_jvm_flags_on(outputStream* st) {
 827   if (_num_jvm_flags > 0) {
 828     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_flags; i++) {
 829       st->print("%s ", _jvm_flags_array[i]);
 830     }
 831   }
 832 }
 833 
 834 void Arguments::print_jvm_args_on(outputStream* st) {
 835   if (_num_jvm_args > 0) {
 836     for (int i=0; i < _num_jvm_args; i++) {
 837       st->print("%s ", _jvm_args_array[i]);
 838     }
 839   }
 840 }
 841 
 842 bool Arguments::process_argument(const char* arg,
 843     jboolean ignore_unrecognized, Flag::Flags origin) {
 844 
 845   JDK_Version since = JDK_Version();
 846 
 847   if (parse_argument(arg, origin) || ignore_unrecognized) {
 848     return true;
 849   }
 850 
 851   // Determine if the flag has '+', '-', or '=' characters.
 852   bool has_plus_minus = (*arg == '+' || *arg == '-');
 853   const char* const argname = has_plus_minus ? arg + 1 : arg;
 854 
 855   size_t arg_len;
 856   const char* equal_sign = strchr(argname, '=');
 857   if (equal_sign == NULL) {
 858     arg_len = strlen(argname);
 859   } else {
 860     arg_len = equal_sign - argname;
 861   }
 862 
 863   // Only make the obsolete check for valid arguments.
 864   if (arg_len <= BUFLEN) {
 865     // Construct a string which consists only of the argument name without '+', '-', or '='.
 866     char stripped_argname[BUFLEN+1];
 867     strncpy(stripped_argname, argname, arg_len);
 868     stripped_argname[arg_len] = '\0';  // strncpy may not null terminate.
 869 
 870     if (is_newly_obsolete(stripped_argname, &since)) {
 871       char version[256];
 872       since.to_string(version, sizeof(version));
 873       warning("ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", stripped_argname, version);
 874       return true;
 875     }
 876   }
 877 
 878   // For locked flags, report a custom error message if available.
 879   // Otherwise, report the standard unrecognized VM option.
 880   Flag* found_flag = Flag::find_flag((const char*)argname, arg_len, true, true);
 881   if (found_flag != NULL) {
 882     char locked_message_buf[BUFLEN];
 883     found_flag->get_locked_message(locked_message_buf, BUFLEN);
 884     if (strlen(locked_message_buf) == 0) {
 885       if (found_flag->is_bool() && !has_plus_minus) {
 886         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 887           "Missing +/- setting for VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 888       } else if (!found_flag->is_bool() && has_plus_minus) {
 889         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 890           "Unexpected +/- setting in VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 891       } else {
 892         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 893           "Improperly specified VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 894       }
 895     } else {
 896       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(), "%s", locked_message_buf);
 897     }
 898   } else {
 899     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 900                 "Unrecognized VM option '%s'\n", argname);
 901     Flag* fuzzy_matched = Flag::fuzzy_match((const char*)argname, arg_len, true);
 902     if (fuzzy_matched != NULL) {
 903       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 904                   "Did you mean '%s%s%s'? ",
 905                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "(+/-)" : "",
 906                   fuzzy_matched->_name,
 907                   (fuzzy_matched->is_bool()) ? "" : "=<value>");
 908     }
 909   }
 910 
 911   // allow for commandline "commenting out" options like -XX:#+Verbose
 912   return arg[0] == '#';
 913 }
 914 
 915 bool Arguments::process_settings_file(const char* file_name, bool should_exist, jboolean ignore_unrecognized) {
 916   FILE* stream = fopen(file_name, "rb");
 917   if (stream == NULL) {
 918     if (should_exist) {
 919       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
 920                   "Could not open settings file %s\n", file_name);
 921       return false;
 922     } else {
 923       return true;
 924     }
 925   }
 926 
 927   char token[1024];
 928   int  pos = 0;
 929 
 930   bool in_white_space = true;
 931   bool in_comment     = false;
 932   bool in_quote       = false;
 933   char quote_c        = 0;
 934   bool result         = true;
 935 
 936   int c = getc(stream);
 937   while(c != EOF && pos < (int)(sizeof(token)-1)) {
 938     if (in_white_space) {
 939       if (in_comment) {
 940         if (c == '\n') in_comment = false;
 941       } else {
 942         if (c == '#') in_comment = true;
 943         else if (!isspace(c)) {
 944           in_white_space = false;
 945           token[pos++] = c;
 946         }
 947       }
 948     } else {
 949       if (c == '\n' || (!in_quote && isspace(c))) {
 950         // token ends at newline, or at unquoted whitespace
 951         // this allows a way to include spaces in string-valued options
 952         token[pos] = '\0';
 953         logOption(token);
 954         result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
 955         build_jvm_flags(token);
 956         pos = 0;
 957         in_white_space = true;
 958         in_quote = false;
 959       } else if (!in_quote && (c == '\'' || c == '"')) {
 960         in_quote = true;
 961         quote_c = c;
 962       } else if (in_quote && (c == quote_c)) {
 963         in_quote = false;
 964       } else {
 965         token[pos++] = c;
 966       }
 967     }
 968     c = getc(stream);
 969   }
 970   if (pos > 0) {
 971     token[pos] = '\0';
 972     result &= process_argument(token, ignore_unrecognized, Flag::CONFIG_FILE);
 973     build_jvm_flags(token);
 974   }
 975   fclose(stream);
 976   return result;
 977 }
 978 
 979 //=============================================================================================================
 980 // Parsing of properties (-D)
 981 
 982 const char* Arguments::get_property(const char* key) {
 983   return PropertyList_get_value(system_properties(), key);
 984 }
 985 
 986 bool Arguments::add_property(const char* prop) {
 987   const char* eq = strchr(prop, '=');
 988   char* key;
 989   // ns must be static--its address may be stored in a SystemProperty object.
 990   const static char ns[1] = {0};
 991   char* value = (char *)ns;
 992 
 993   size_t key_len = (eq == NULL) ? strlen(prop) : (eq - prop);
 994   key = AllocateHeap(key_len + 1, mtInternal);
 995   strncpy(key, prop, key_len);
 996   key[key_len] = '\0';
 997 
 998   if (eq != NULL) {
 999     size_t value_len = strlen(prop) - key_len - 1;
1000     value = AllocateHeap(value_len + 1, mtInternal);
1001     strncpy(value, &prop[key_len + 1], value_len + 1);
1002   }
1003 
1004   if (strcmp(key, "java.compiler") == 0) {
1005     process_java_compiler_argument(value);
1006     FreeHeap(key);
1007     if (eq != NULL) {
1008       FreeHeap(value);
1009     }
1010     return true;
1011   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.command") == 0) {
1012     _java_command = value;
1013 
1014     // Record value in Arguments, but let it get passed to Java.
1015   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm") == 0 ||
1016              strcmp(key, "sun.java.launcher.pid") == 0) {
1017     // sun.java.launcher.is_altjvm and sun.java.launcher.pid property are
1018     // private and are processed in process_sun_java_launcher_properties();
1019     // the sun.java.launcher property is passed on to the java application
1020     FreeHeap(key);
1021     if (eq != NULL) {
1022       FreeHeap(value);
1023     }
1024     return true;
1025   } else if (strcmp(key, "java.vendor.url.bug") == 0) {
1026     // save it in _java_vendor_url_bug, so JVM fatal error handler can access
1027     // its value without going through the property list or making a Java call.
1028     _java_vendor_url_bug = value;
1029   } else if (strcmp(key, "sun.boot.library.path") == 0) {
1030     PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value, true);
1031     return true;
1032   }
1033   // Create new property and add at the end of the list
1034   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, key, value);
1035   return true;
1036 }
1037 
1038 //===========================================================================================================
1039 // Setting int/mixed/comp mode flags
1040 
1041 void Arguments::set_mode_flags(Mode mode) {
1042   // Set up default values for all flags.
1043   // If you add a flag to any of the branches below,
1044   // add a default value for it here.
1045   set_java_compiler(false);
1046   _mode                      = mode;
1047 
1048   // Ensure Agent_OnLoad has the correct initial values.
1049   // This may not be the final mode; mode may change later in onload phase.
1050   PropertyList_unique_add(&_system_properties, "java.vm.info",
1051                           (char*)VM_Version::vm_info_string(), false);
1052 
1053   UseInterpreter             = true;
1054   UseCompiler                = true;
1055   UseLoopCounter             = true;
1056 
1057   // Default values may be platform/compiler dependent -
1058   // use the saved values
1059   ClipInlining               = Arguments::_ClipInlining;
1060   AlwaysCompileLoopMethods   = Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
1061   UseOnStackReplacement      = Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement;
1062   BackgroundCompilation      = Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation;
1063   if (TieredCompilation) {
1064     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog)) {
1065       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
1066     }
1067     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(Tier4InvocationThreshold)) {
1068       Tier4InvocationThreshold = Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold;
1069     }
1070   }
1071 
1072   // Change from defaults based on mode
1073   switch (mode) {
1074   default:
1075     ShouldNotReachHere();
1076     break;
1077   case _int:
1078     UseCompiler              = false;
1079     UseLoopCounter           = false;
1080     AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = false;
1081     UseOnStackReplacement    = false;
1082     break;
1083   case _mixed:
1084     // same as default
1085     break;
1086   case _comp:
1087     UseInterpreter           = false;
1088     BackgroundCompilation    = false;
1089     ClipInlining             = false;
1090     // Be much more aggressive in tiered mode with -Xcomp and exercise C2 more.
1091     // We will first compile a level 3 version (C1 with full profiling), then do one invocation of it and
1092     // compile a level 4 (C2) and then continue executing it.
1093     if (TieredCompilation) {
1094       Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1095       Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1096     }
1097     break;
1098   }
1099 }
1100 
1101 #if defined(COMPILER2) || defined(_LP64) || !INCLUDE_CDS
1102 // Conflict: required to use shared spaces (-Xshare:on), but
1103 // incompatible command line options were chosen.
1104 
1105 static void no_shared_spaces(const char* message) {
1106   if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
1107     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1108       "Class data sharing is inconsistent with other specified options.\n");
1109     vm_exit_during_initialization("Unable to use shared archive.", message);
1110   } else {
1111     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
1112   }
1113 }
1114 #endif
1115 
1116 // Returns threshold scaled with the value of scale.
1117 // If scale < 0.0, threshold is returned without scaling.
1118 intx Arguments::scaled_compile_threshold(intx threshold, double scale) {
1119   if (scale == 1.0 || scale < 0.0) {
1120     return threshold;
1121   } else {
1122     return (intx)(threshold * scale);
1123   }
1124 }
1125 
1126 // Returns freq_log scaled with the value of scale.
1127 // Returned values are in the range of [0, InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits + 1].
1128 // If scale < 0.0, freq_log is returned without scaling.
1129 intx Arguments::scaled_freq_log(intx freq_log, double scale) {
1130   // Check if scaling is necessary or if negative value was specified.
1131   if (scale == 1.0 || scale < 0.0) {
1132     return freq_log;
1133   }
1134   // Check values to avoid calculating log2 of 0.
1135   if (scale == 0.0 || freq_log == 0) {
1136     return 0;
1137   }
1138   // Determine the maximum notification frequency value currently supported.
1139   // The largest mask value that the interpreter/C1 can handle is
1140   // of length InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits. Mask values are always
1141   // one bit shorter then the value of the notification frequency. Set
1142   // max_freq_bits accordingly.
1143   intx max_freq_bits = InvocationCounter::number_of_count_bits + 1;
1144   intx scaled_freq = scaled_compile_threshold((intx)1 << freq_log, scale);
1145   if (scaled_freq == 0) {
1146     // Return 0 right away to avoid calculating log2 of 0.
1147     return 0;
1148   } else if (scaled_freq > nth_bit(max_freq_bits)) {
1149     return max_freq_bits;
1150   } else {
1151     return log2_intptr(scaled_freq);
1152   }
1153 }
1154 
1155 void Arguments::set_tiered_flags() {
1156   // With tiered, set default policy to AdvancedThresholdPolicy, which is 3.
1157   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice)) {
1158     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(CompilationPolicyChoice, 3);
1159   }
1160   if (CompilationPolicyChoice < 2) {
1161     vm_exit_during_initialization(
1162       "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
1163   }
1164   // Increase the code cache size - tiered compiles a lot more.
1165   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1166     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize,
1167                   MIN2(CODE_CACHE_DEFAULT_LIMIT, ReservedCodeCacheSize * 5));
1168   }
1169   // Enable SegmentedCodeCache if TieredCompilation is enabled and ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240M
1170   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SegmentedCodeCache) && ReservedCodeCacheSize >= 240*M) {
1171     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, SegmentedCodeCache, true);
1172 
1173     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ReservedCodeCacheSize)) {
1174       // Multiply sizes by 5 but fix NonNMethodCodeHeapSize (distribute among non-profiled and profiled code heap)
1175       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ProfiledCodeHeapSize)) {
1176         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, ProfiledCodeHeapSize, ProfiledCodeHeapSize * 5 + NonNMethodCodeHeapSize * 2);
1177       }
1178       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NonProfiledCodeHeapSize)) {
1179         FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize * 5 + NonNMethodCodeHeapSize * 2);
1180       }
1181       // Check consistency of code heap sizes
1182       if ((NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize) != ReservedCodeCacheSize) {
1183         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1184                     "Invalid code heap sizes: NonNMethodCodeHeapSize(%dK) + ProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) = %dK. Must be equal to ReservedCodeCacheSize = %uK.\n",
1185                     NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K, ProfiledCodeHeapSize/K, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize/K,
1186                     (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize)/K, ReservedCodeCacheSize/K);
1187         vm_exit(1);
1188       }
1189     }
1190   }
1191   if (!UseInterpreter) { // -Xcomp
1192     Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = 0;
1193     Tier4InvocationThreshold = 0;
1194   }
1195 
1196   if (CompileThresholdScaling < 0) {
1197     vm_exit_during_initialization("Negative value specified for CompileThresholdScaling", NULL);
1198   }
1199 
1200   // Scale tiered compilation thresholds.
1201   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is equivalent to -Xint and leaves compilation thresholds unchanged.
1202   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling) && CompileThresholdScaling > 0.0) {
1203     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier0InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1204     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier0BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1205 
1206     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3InvocationThreshold));
1207     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3MinInvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3MinInvocationThreshold));
1208     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3CompileThreshold));
1209     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackEdgeThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier3BackEdgeThreshold));
1210 
1211     // Tier2{Invocation,MinInvocation,Compile,Backedge}Threshold should be scaled here
1212     // once these thresholds become supported.
1213 
1214     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier2InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1215     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier2BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1216 
1217     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog));
1218     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier3BackedgeNotifyFreqLog));
1219 
1220     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog, scaled_freq_log(Tier23InlineeNotifyFreqLog));
1221 
1222     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4InvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4InvocationThreshold));
1223     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4MinInvocationThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4MinInvocationThreshold));
1224     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4CompileThreshold));
1225     FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, Tier4BackEdgeThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(Tier4BackEdgeThreshold));
1226   }
1227 }
1228 
1229 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1230 static void disable_adaptive_size_policy(const char* collector_name) {
1231   if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
1232     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy)) {
1233       warning("disabling UseAdaptiveSizePolicy; it is incompatible with %s.",
1234               collector_name);
1235     }
1236     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseAdaptiveSizePolicy, false);
1237   }
1238 }
1239 
1240 void Arguments::set_parnew_gc_flags() {
1241   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC && !UseG1GC,
1242          "control point invariant");
1243   assert(UseConcMarkSweepGC, "CMS is expected to be on here");
1244   assert(UseParNewGC, "ParNew should always be used with CMS");
1245 
1246   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads)) {
1247     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1248     assert(ParallelGCThreads > 0, "We should always have at least one thread by default");
1249   } else if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1250     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1251         "The ParNew GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0\n");
1252     vm_exit(1);
1253   }
1254 
1255   // By default YoungPLABSize and OldPLABSize are set to 4096 and 1024 respectively,
1256   // these settings are default for Parallel Scavenger. For ParNew+Tenured configuration
1257   // we set them to 1024 and 1024.
1258   // See CR 6362902.
1259   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize)) {
1260     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(YoungPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1261   }
1262   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1263     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize, (intx)1024);
1264   }
1265 
1266   // When using compressed oops, we use local overflow stacks,
1267   // rather than using a global overflow list chained through
1268   // the klass word of the object's pre-image.
1269   if (UseCompressedOops && !ParGCUseLocalOverflow) {
1270     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow)) {
1271       warning("Forcing +ParGCUseLocalOverflow: needed if using compressed references");
1272     }
1273     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParGCUseLocalOverflow, true);
1274   }
1275   assert(ParGCUseLocalOverflow || !UseCompressedOops, "Error");
1276 }
1277 
1278 // Adjust some sizes to suit CMS and/or ParNew needs; these work well on
1279 // sparc/solaris for certain applications, but would gain from
1280 // further optimization and tuning efforts, and would almost
1281 // certainly gain from analysis of platform and environment.
1282 void Arguments::set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags() {
1283   assert(!UseSerialGC && !UseParallelOldGC && !UseParallelGC, "Error");
1284   assert(UseConcMarkSweepGC, "CMS is expected to be on here");
1285   assert(UseParNewGC, "ParNew should always be used with CMS");
1286 
1287   // Turn off AdaptiveSizePolicy by default for cms until it is complete.
1288   disable_adaptive_size_policy("UseConcMarkSweepGC");
1289 
1290   set_parnew_gc_flags();
1291 
1292   size_t max_heap = align_size_down(MaxHeapSize,
1293                                     CardTableRS::ct_max_alignment_constraint());
1294 
1295   // Now make adjustments for CMS
1296   intx   tenuring_default = (intx)6;
1297   size_t young_gen_per_worker = CMSYoungGenPerWorker;
1298 
1299   // Preferred young gen size for "short" pauses:
1300   // upper bound depends on # of threads and NewRatio.
1301   const size_t preferred_max_new_size_unaligned =
1302     MIN2(max_heap/(NewRatio+1), ScaleForWordSize(young_gen_per_worker * ParallelGCThreads));
1303   size_t preferred_max_new_size =
1304     align_size_up(preferred_max_new_size_unaligned, os::vm_page_size());
1305 
1306   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size young gen
1307   // for "short" pauses ~ CMSYoungGenPerWorker*ParallelGCThreads
1308 
1309   // If either MaxNewSize or NewRatio is set on the command line,
1310   // assume the user is trying to set the size of the young gen.
1311   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxNewSize) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewRatio)) {
1312 
1313     // Set MaxNewSize to our calculated preferred_max_new_size unless
1314     // NewSize was set on the command line and it is larger than
1315     // preferred_max_new_size.
1316     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {   // NewSize explicitly set at command-line
1317       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, MaxNewSize, MAX2(NewSize, preferred_max_new_size));
1318     } else {
1319       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, MaxNewSize, preferred_max_new_size);
1320     }
1321     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1322       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1323       tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set MaxNewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, MaxNewSize);
1324     }
1325 
1326     // Code along this path potentially sets NewSize and OldSize
1327     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1328       // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1329       tty->print_cr("CMS set min_heap_size: " SIZE_FORMAT
1330            " initial_heap_size:  " SIZE_FORMAT
1331            " max_heap: " SIZE_FORMAT,
1332            min_heap_size(), InitialHeapSize, max_heap);
1333     }
1334     size_t min_new = preferred_max_new_size;
1335     if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(NewSize)) {
1336       min_new = NewSize;
1337     }
1338     if (max_heap > min_new && min_heap_size() > min_new) {
1339       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, make young gen
1340       // at least min_new, and at most preferred_max_new_size.
1341       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
1342         FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, NewSize, MAX2(NewSize, min_new));
1343         FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, NewSize, MIN2(preferred_max_new_size, NewSize));
1344         if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1345           // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1346           tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set NewSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, NewSize);
1347         }
1348       }
1349       // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, size old gen
1350       // so it's NewRatio x of NewSize.
1351       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldSize)) {
1352         if (max_heap > NewSize) {
1353           FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, OldSize, MIN2(NewRatio*NewSize, max_heap - NewSize));
1354           if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1355             // Too early to use gclog_or_tty
1356             tty->print_cr("CMS ergo set OldSize: " SIZE_FORMAT, OldSize);
1357           }
1358         }
1359       }
1360     }
1361   }
1362   // Unless explicitly requested otherwise, definitely
1363   // promote all objects surviving "tenuring_default" scavenges.
1364   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxTenuringThreshold) &&
1365       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1366     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, tenuring_default);
1367   }
1368   // If we decided above (or user explicitly requested)
1369   // `promote all' (via MaxTenuringThreshold := 0),
1370   // prefer minuscule survivor spaces so as not to waste
1371   // space for (non-existent) survivors
1372   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio) && MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
1373     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, SurvivorRatio, MAX2((uintx)1024, SurvivorRatio));
1374   }
1375 
1376   // OldPLABSize is interpreted in CMS as not the size of the PLAB in words,
1377   // but rather the number of free blocks of a given size that are used when
1378   // replenishing the local per-worker free list caches.
1379   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize)) {
1380     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ResizeOldPLAB) && !ResizeOldPLAB) {
1381       // OldPLAB sizing manually turned off: Use a larger default setting,
1382       // unless it was manually specified. This is because a too-low value
1383       // will slow down scavenges.
1384       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, OldPLABSize, CFLS_LAB::_default_static_old_plab_size); // default value before 6631166
1385     } else {
1386       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize, CFLS_LAB::_default_dynamic_old_plab_size); // old CMSParPromoteBlocksToClaim default
1387     }
1388   }
1389 
1390   // If either of the static initialization defaults have changed, note this
1391   // modification.
1392   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABSize) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OldPLABWeight)) {
1393     CFLS_LAB::modify_initialization(OldPLABSize, OldPLABWeight);
1394   }
1395 
1396   if (!ClassUnloading) {
1397     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CMSClassUnloadingEnabled, false);
1398     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses, false);
1399   }
1400 
1401   if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1402     tty->print_cr("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk",
1403       (unsigned int) (MarkStackSize / K), (uint) (MarkStackSizeMax / K));
1404     tty->print_cr("ConcGCThreads: %u", ConcGCThreads);
1405   }
1406 }
1407 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1408 
1409 void set_object_alignment() {
1410   // Object alignment.
1411   assert(is_power_of_2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes), "ObjectAlignmentInBytes must be power of 2");
1412   MinObjAlignmentInBytes     = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1413   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes >= HeapWordsPerLong * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is too small");
1414   MinObjAlignment            = MinObjAlignmentInBytes / HeapWordSize;
1415   assert(MinObjAlignmentInBytes == MinObjAlignment * HeapWordSize, "ObjectAlignmentInBytes value is incorrect");
1416   MinObjAlignmentInBytesMask = MinObjAlignmentInBytes - 1;
1417 
1418   LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes  = exact_log2(ObjectAlignmentInBytes);
1419   LogMinObjAlignment         = LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes - LogHeapWordSize;
1420 
1421   // Oop encoding heap max
1422   OopEncodingHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1) << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1423 
1424   if (SurvivorAlignmentInBytes == 0) {
1425     SurvivorAlignmentInBytes = ObjectAlignmentInBytes;
1426   }
1427 
1428 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1429   // Set CMS global values
1430   CompactibleFreeListSpace::set_cms_values();
1431 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1432 }
1433 
1434 size_t Arguments::max_heap_for_compressed_oops() {
1435   // Avoid sign flip.
1436   assert(OopEncodingHeapMax > (uint64_t)os::vm_page_size(), "Unusual page size");
1437   // We need to fit both the NULL page and the heap into the memory budget, while
1438   // keeping alignment constraints of the heap. To guarantee the latter, as the
1439   // NULL page is located before the heap, we pad the NULL page to the conservative
1440   // maximum alignment that the GC may ever impose upon the heap.
1441   size_t displacement_due_to_null_page = align_size_up_(os::vm_page_size(),
1442                                                         _conservative_max_heap_alignment);
1443 
1444   LP64_ONLY(return OopEncodingHeapMax - displacement_due_to_null_page);
1445   NOT_LP64(ShouldNotReachHere(); return 0);
1446 }
1447 
1448 bool Arguments::should_auto_select_low_pause_collector() {
1449   if (UseAutoGCSelectPolicy &&
1450       !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxGCPauseMillis) &&
1451       (MaxGCPauseMillis <= AutoGCSelectPauseMillis)) {
1452     if (PrintGCDetails) {
1453       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1454       tty->print_cr("Automatic selection of the low pause collector"
1455        " based on pause goal of %d (ms)", (int) MaxGCPauseMillis);
1456     }
1457     return true;
1458   }
1459   return false;
1460 }
1461 
1462 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_oops() {
1463 #ifndef ZERO
1464 #ifdef _LP64
1465   // MaxHeapSize is not set up properly at this point, but
1466   // the only value that can override MaxHeapSize if we are
1467   // to use UseCompressedOops is InitialHeapSize.
1468   size_t max_heap_size = MAX2(MaxHeapSize, InitialHeapSize);
1469 
1470   if (max_heap_size <= max_heap_for_compressed_oops()) {
1471 #if !defined(COMPILER1) || defined(TIERED)
1472     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1473       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedOops, true);
1474     }
1475 #endif
1476   } else {
1477     if (UseCompressedOops && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops)) {
1478       warning("Max heap size too large for Compressed Oops");
1479       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false);
1480       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1481     }
1482   }
1483 #endif // _LP64
1484 #endif // ZERO
1485 }
1486 
1487 
1488 // NOTE: set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1489 // set_use_compressed_oops().
1490 void Arguments::set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() {
1491 #ifndef ZERO
1492 #ifdef _LP64
1493   // UseCompressedOops must be on for UseCompressedClassPointers to be on.
1494   if (!UseCompressedOops) {
1495     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1496       warning("UseCompressedClassPointers requires UseCompressedOops");
1497     }
1498     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1499   } else {
1500     // Turn on UseCompressedClassPointers too
1501     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers)) {
1502       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseCompressedClassPointers, true);
1503     }
1504     // Check the CompressedClassSpaceSize to make sure we use compressed klass ptrs.
1505     if (UseCompressedClassPointers) {
1506       if (CompressedClassSpaceSize > KlassEncodingMetaspaceMax) {
1507         warning("CompressedClassSpaceSize is too large for UseCompressedClassPointers");
1508         FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false);
1509       }
1510     }
1511   }
1512 #endif // _LP64
1513 #endif // !ZERO
1514 }
1515 
1516 void Arguments::set_conservative_max_heap_alignment() {
1517   // The conservative maximum required alignment for the heap is the maximum of
1518   // the alignments imposed by several sources: any requirements from the heap
1519   // itself, the collector policy and the maximum page size we may run the VM
1520   // with.
1521   size_t heap_alignment = GenCollectedHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1522 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1523   if (UseParallelGC) {
1524     heap_alignment = ParallelScavengeHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1525   } else if (UseG1GC) {
1526     heap_alignment = G1CollectedHeap::conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1527   }
1528 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1529   _conservative_max_heap_alignment = MAX4(heap_alignment,
1530                                           (size_t)os::vm_allocation_granularity(),
1531                                           os::max_page_size(),
1532                                           CollectorPolicy::compute_heap_alignment());
1533 }
1534 
1535 void Arguments::select_gc_ergonomically() {
1536   if (os::is_server_class_machine()) {
1537     if (should_auto_select_low_pause_collector()) {
1538       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true);
1539     } else {
1540 #if defined(JAVASE_EMBEDDED)
1541       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParallelGC, true);
1542 #else
1543       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseG1GC, true);
1544 #endif
1545     }
1546   } else {
1547     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseSerialGC, true);
1548   }
1549 }
1550 
1551 void Arguments::select_gc() {
1552   if (!gc_selected()) {
1553     select_gc_ergonomically();
1554     guarantee(gc_selected(), "No GC selected");
1555   }
1556 }
1557 
1558 void Arguments::set_ergonomics_flags() {
1559   select_gc();
1560 
1561 #ifdef COMPILER2
1562   // Shared spaces work fine with other GCs but causes bytecode rewriting
1563   // to be disabled, which hurts interpreter performance and decreases
1564   // server performance.  When -server is specified, keep the default off
1565   // unless it is asked for.  Future work: either add bytecode rewriting
1566   // at link time, or rewrite bytecodes in non-shared methods.
1567   if (!DumpSharedSpaces && !RequireSharedSpaces &&
1568       (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces) || !UseSharedSpaces)) {
1569     no_shared_spaces("COMPILER2 default: -Xshare:auto | off, have to manually setup to on.");
1570   }
1571 #endif
1572 
1573   set_conservative_max_heap_alignment();
1574 
1575 #ifndef ZERO
1576 #ifdef _LP64
1577   set_use_compressed_oops();
1578 
1579   // set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs() must be called after calling
1580   // set_use_compressed_oops().
1581   set_use_compressed_klass_ptrs();
1582 
1583   // Also checks that certain machines are slower with compressed oops
1584   // in vm_version initialization code.
1585 #endif // _LP64
1586 #endif // !ZERO
1587 
1588   // Set up runtime image flags.
1589   set_runtime_image_flags();
1590 
1591   CodeCacheExtensions::set_ergonomics_flags();
1592 }
1593 
1594 void Arguments::set_parallel_gc_flags() {
1595   assert(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC, "Error");
1596   // Enable ParallelOld unless it was explicitly disabled (cmd line or rc file).
1597   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC)) {
1598     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelOldGC, true);
1599   }
1600   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseParallelGC, true);
1601 
1602   // If no heap maximum was requested explicitly, use some reasonable fraction
1603   // of the physical memory, up to a maximum of 1GB.
1604   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
1605                    Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1606   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1607     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1608         "The Parallel GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0\n");
1609     vm_exit(1);
1610   }
1611 
1612   if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
1613     // We don't want to limit adaptive heap sizing's freedom to adjust the heap
1614     // unless the user actually sets these flags.
1615     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapFreeRatio)) {
1616       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapFreeRatio, 0);
1617     }
1618     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapFreeRatio)) {
1619       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxHeapFreeRatio, 100);
1620     }
1621   }
1622 
1623   // If InitialSurvivorRatio or MinSurvivorRatio were not specified, but the
1624   // SurvivorRatio has been set, reset their default values to SurvivorRatio +
1625   // 2.  By doing this we make SurvivorRatio also work for Parallel Scavenger.
1626   // See CR 6362902 for details.
1627   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(SurvivorRatio)) {
1628     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio)) {
1629        FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(InitialSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1630     }
1631     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio)) {
1632       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinSurvivorRatio, SurvivorRatio + 2);
1633     }
1634   }
1635 
1636   if (UseParallelOldGC) {
1637     // Par compact uses lower default values since they are treated as
1638     // minimums.  These are different defaults because of the different
1639     // interpretation and are not ergonomically set.
1640     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio)) {
1641       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkSweepDeadRatio, 1);
1642     }
1643   }
1644 }
1645 
1646 void Arguments::set_g1_gc_flags() {
1647   assert(UseG1GC, "Error");
1648 #ifdef COMPILER1
1649   FastTLABRefill = false;
1650 #endif
1651   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads, Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
1652   if (ParallelGCThreads == 0) {
1653     assert(!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads), "The default value for ParallelGCThreads should not be 0.");
1654     vm_exit_during_initialization("The flag -XX:+UseG1GC can not be combined with -XX:ParallelGCThreads=0", NULL);
1655   }
1656 
1657 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1658   if (G1ConcRefinementThreads == 0) {
1659     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(G1ConcRefinementThreads, ParallelGCThreads);
1660   }
1661 #endif
1662 
1663   // MarkStackSize will be set (if it hasn't been set by the user)
1664   // when concurrent marking is initialized.
1665   // Its value will be based upon the number of parallel marking threads.
1666   // But we do set the maximum mark stack size here.
1667   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkStackSizeMax)) {
1668     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MarkStackSizeMax, 128 * TASKQUEUE_SIZE);
1669   }
1670 
1671   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio) || GCTimeRatio == 0) {
1672     // In G1, we want the default GC overhead goal to be higher than
1673     // say in PS. So we set it here to 10%. Otherwise the heap might
1674     // be expanded more aggressively than we would like it to. In
1675     // fact, even 10% seems to not be high enough in some cases
1676     // (especially small GC stress tests that the main thing they do
1677     // is allocation). We might consider increase it further.
1678     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(GCTimeRatio, 9);
1679   }
1680 
1681   if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1682     tty->print_cr("MarkStackSize: %uk  MarkStackSizeMax: %uk",
1683       (unsigned int) (MarkStackSize / K), (uint) (MarkStackSizeMax / K));
1684     tty->print_cr("ConcGCThreads: %u", ConcGCThreads);
1685   }
1686 }
1687 
1688 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1689 #ifdef ASSERT
1690 static bool verify_serial_gc_flags() {
1691   return (UseSerialGC &&
1692         !(UseParNewGC || (UseConcMarkSweepGC) || UseG1GC ||
1693           UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC));
1694 }
1695 #endif // ASSERT
1696 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1697 
1698 void Arguments::set_gc_specific_flags() {
1699 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1700   // Set per-collector flags
1701   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
1702     set_parallel_gc_flags();
1703   } else if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
1704     set_cms_and_parnew_gc_flags();
1705   } else if (UseG1GC) {
1706     set_g1_gc_flags();
1707   }
1708   check_deprecated_gc_flags();
1709   if (AssumeMP && !UseSerialGC) {
1710     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads) && ParallelGCThreads == 1) {
1711       warning("If the number of processors is expected to increase from one, then"
1712               " you should configure the number of parallel GC threads appropriately"
1713               " using -XX:ParallelGCThreads=N");
1714     }
1715   }
1716   if (MinHeapFreeRatio == 100) {
1717     // Keeping the heap 100% free is hard ;-) so limit it to 99%.
1718     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, 99);
1719   }
1720 #else // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1721   assert(verify_serial_gc_flags(), "SerialGC unset");
1722 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
1723 }
1724 
1725 julong Arguments::limit_by_allocatable_memory(julong limit) {
1726   julong max_allocatable;
1727   julong result = limit;
1728   if (os::has_allocatable_memory_limit(&max_allocatable)) {
1729     result = MIN2(result, max_allocatable / MaxVirtMemFraction);
1730   }
1731   return result;
1732 }
1733 
1734 // Use static initialization to get the default before parsing
1735 static const size_t DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress = HeapBaseMinAddress;
1736 
1737 void Arguments::set_heap_size() {
1738   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DefaultMaxRAMFraction)) {
1739     // Deprecated flag
1740     FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxRAMFraction, DefaultMaxRAMFraction);
1741   }
1742 
1743   const julong phys_mem =
1744     FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxRAM) ? MIN2(os::physical_memory(), (julong)MaxRAM)
1745                             : (julong)MaxRAM;
1746 
1747   // If the maximum heap size has not been set with -Xmx,
1748   // then set it as fraction of the size of physical memory,
1749   // respecting the maximum and minimum sizes of the heap.
1750   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
1751     julong reasonable_max = phys_mem / MaxRAMFraction;
1752 
1753     if (phys_mem <= MaxHeapSize * MinRAMFraction) {
1754       // Small physical memory, so use a minimum fraction of it for the heap
1755       reasonable_max = phys_mem / MinRAMFraction;
1756     } else {
1757       // Not-small physical memory, so require a heap at least
1758       // as large as MaxHeapSize
1759       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1760     }
1761     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ErgoHeapSizeLimit) && ErgoHeapSizeLimit != 0) {
1762       // Limit the heap size to ErgoHeapSizeLimit
1763       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, (julong)ErgoHeapSizeLimit);
1764     }
1765     if (UseCompressedOops) {
1766       // Limit the heap size to the maximum possible when using compressed oops
1767       julong max_coop_heap = (julong)max_heap_for_compressed_oops();
1768 
1769       // HeapBaseMinAddress can be greater than default but not less than.
1770       if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress)) {
1771         if (HeapBaseMinAddress < DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress) {
1772           // matches compressed oops printing flags
1773           if (PrintCompressedOopsMode || (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose)) {
1774             jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
1775                         "HeapBaseMinAddress must be at least " SIZE_FORMAT
1776                         " (" SIZE_FORMAT "G) which is greater than value given "
1777                         SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
1778                         DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress,
1779                         DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress/G,
1780                         HeapBaseMinAddress);
1781           }
1782           FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, HeapBaseMinAddress, DefaultHeapBaseMinAddress);
1783         }
1784       }
1785 
1786       if (HeapBaseMinAddress + MaxHeapSize < max_coop_heap) {
1787         // Heap should be above HeapBaseMinAddress to get zero based compressed oops
1788         // but it should be not less than default MaxHeapSize.
1789         max_coop_heap -= HeapBaseMinAddress;
1790       }
1791       reasonable_max = MIN2(reasonable_max, max_coop_heap);
1792     }
1793     reasonable_max = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_max);
1794 
1795     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialHeapSize)) {
1796       // An initial heap size was specified on the command line,
1797       // so be sure that the maximum size is consistent.  Done
1798       // after call to limit_by_allocatable_memory because that
1799       // method might reduce the allocation size.
1800       reasonable_max = MAX2(reasonable_max, (julong)InitialHeapSize);
1801     }
1802 
1803     if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1804       // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1805       tty->print_cr("  Maximum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t) reasonable_max);
1806     }
1807     FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_max);
1808   }
1809 
1810   // If the minimum or initial heap_size have not been set or requested to be set
1811   // ergonomically, set them accordingly.
1812   if (InitialHeapSize == 0 || min_heap_size() == 0) {
1813     julong reasonable_minimum = (julong)(OldSize + NewSize);
1814 
1815     reasonable_minimum = MIN2(reasonable_minimum, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1816 
1817     reasonable_minimum = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_minimum);
1818 
1819     if (InitialHeapSize == 0) {
1820       julong reasonable_initial = phys_mem / InitialRAMFraction;
1821 
1822       reasonable_initial = MAX3(reasonable_initial, reasonable_minimum, (julong)min_heap_size());
1823       reasonable_initial = MIN2(reasonable_initial, (julong)MaxHeapSize);
1824 
1825       reasonable_initial = limit_by_allocatable_memory(reasonable_initial);
1826 
1827       if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1828         // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1829         tty->print_cr("  Initial heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1830       }
1831       FLAG_SET_ERGO(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)reasonable_initial);
1832     }
1833     // If the minimum heap size has not been set (via -Xms),
1834     // synchronize with InitialHeapSize to avoid errors with the default value.
1835     if (min_heap_size() == 0) {
1836       set_min_heap_size(MIN2((size_t)reasonable_minimum, InitialHeapSize));
1837       if (PrintGCDetails && Verbose) {
1838         // Cannot use gclog_or_tty yet.
1839         tty->print_cr("  Minimum heap size " SIZE_FORMAT, min_heap_size());
1840       }
1841     }
1842   }
1843 }
1844 
1845   // Set up runtime image flags
1846 void Arguments::set_runtime_image_flags() {
1847 #ifdef _LP64
1848   // Memory map image file by default on 64 bit machines.
1849   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MemoryMapImage)) {
1850     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, MemoryMapImage, true);
1851   }
1852 #endif
1853 }
1854 
1855 // This must be called after ergonomics.
1856 void Arguments::set_bytecode_flags() {
1857   if (!RewriteBytecodes) {
1858     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(RewriteFrequentPairs, false);
1859   }
1860 }
1861 
1862 // Aggressive optimization flags  -XX:+AggressiveOpts
1863 void Arguments::set_aggressive_opts_flags() {
1864 #ifdef COMPILER2
1865   if (AggressiveUnboxing) {
1866     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1867       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1868     } else if (!EliminateAutoBox) {
1869       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because EliminateAutoBox is disabled");
1870       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1871     }
1872     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis)) {
1873       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(DoEscapeAnalysis, true);
1874     } else if (!DoEscapeAnalysis) {
1875       // warning("AggressiveUnboxing is disabled because DoEscapeAnalysis is disabled");
1876       AggressiveUnboxing = false;
1877     }
1878   }
1879   if (AggressiveOpts || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1880     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox)) {
1881       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateAutoBox, true);
1882     }
1883     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax)) {
1884       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(AutoBoxCacheMax, 20000);
1885     }
1886 
1887     // Feed the cache size setting into the JDK
1888     char buffer[1024];
1889     sprintf(buffer, "java.lang.Integer.IntegerCache.high=" INTX_FORMAT, AutoBoxCacheMax);
1890     add_property(buffer);
1891   }
1892   if (AggressiveOpts && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay)) {
1893     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(BiasedLockingStartupDelay, 500);
1894   }
1895 #endif
1896 
1897   if (AggressiveOpts) {
1898 // Sample flag setting code
1899 //    if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing)) {
1900 //      FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(EliminateZeroing, true);
1901 //    }
1902   }
1903 }
1904 
1905 //===========================================================================================================
1906 // Parsing of java.compiler property
1907 
1908 void Arguments::process_java_compiler_argument(char* arg) {
1909   // For backwards compatibility, Djava.compiler=NONE or ""
1910   // causes us to switch to -Xint mode UNLESS -Xdebug
1911   // is also specified.
1912   if (strlen(arg) == 0 || strcasecmp(arg, "NONE") == 0) {
1913     set_java_compiler(true);    // "-Djava.compiler[=...]" most recently seen.
1914   }
1915 }
1916 
1917 void Arguments::process_java_launcher_argument(const char* launcher, void* extra_info) {
1918   _sun_java_launcher = os::strdup_check_oom(launcher);
1919 }
1920 
1921 bool Arguments::created_by_java_launcher() {
1922   assert(_sun_java_launcher != NULL, "property must have value");
1923   return strcmp(DEFAULT_JAVA_LAUNCHER, _sun_java_launcher) != 0;
1924 }
1925 
1926 bool Arguments::sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm() {
1927   return _sun_java_launcher_is_altjvm;
1928 }
1929 
1930 //===========================================================================================================
1931 // Parsing of main arguments
1932 
1933 // check if do gclog rotation
1934 // +UseGCLogFileRotation is a must,
1935 // no gc log rotation when log file not supplied or
1936 // NumberOfGCLogFiles is 0
1937 void check_gclog_consistency() {
1938   if (UseGCLogFileRotation) {
1939     if ((Arguments::gc_log_filename() == NULL) || (NumberOfGCLogFiles == 0)) {
1940       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
1941                   "To enable GC log rotation, use -Xloggc:<filename> -XX:+UseGCLogFileRotation -XX:NumberOfGCLogFiles=<num_of_files>\n"
1942                   "where num_of_file > 0\n"
1943                   "GC log rotation is turned off\n");
1944       UseGCLogFileRotation = false;
1945     }
1946   }
1947 
1948   if (UseGCLogFileRotation && (GCLogFileSize != 0) && (GCLogFileSize < 8*K)) {
1949     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, GCLogFileSize, 8*K) == Flag::SUCCESS) {
1950       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
1951                 "GCLogFileSize changed to minimum 8K\n");
1952     }
1953   }
1954 }
1955 
1956 // This function is called for -Xloggc:<filename>, it can be used
1957 // to check if a given file name(or string) conforms to the following
1958 // specification:
1959 // A valid string only contains "[A-Z][a-z][0-9].-_%[p|t]"
1960 // %p and %t only allowed once. We only limit usage of filename not path
1961 bool is_filename_valid(const char *file_name) {
1962   const char* p = file_name;
1963   char file_sep = os::file_separator()[0];
1964   const char* cp;
1965   // skip prefix path
1966   for (cp = file_name; *cp != '\0'; cp++) {
1967     if (*cp == '/' || *cp == file_sep) {
1968       p = cp + 1;
1969     }
1970   }
1971 
1972   int count_p = 0;
1973   int count_t = 0;
1974   while (*p != '\0') {
1975     if ((*p >= '0' && *p <= '9') ||
1976         (*p >= 'A' && *p <= 'Z') ||
1977         (*p >= 'a' && *p <= 'z') ||
1978          *p == '-'               ||
1979          *p == '_'               ||
1980          *p == '.') {
1981        p++;
1982        continue;
1983     }
1984     if (*p == '%') {
1985       if(*(p + 1) == 'p') {
1986         p += 2;
1987         count_p ++;
1988         continue;
1989       }
1990       if (*(p + 1) == 't') {
1991         p += 2;
1992         count_t ++;
1993         continue;
1994       }
1995     }
1996     return false;
1997   }
1998   return count_p < 2 && count_t < 2;
1999 }
2000 
2001 // Check consistency of GC selection
2002 bool Arguments::check_gc_consistency() {
2003   check_gclog_consistency();
2004   // Ensure that the user has not selected conflicting sets
2005   // of collectors.
2006   uint i = 0;
2007   if (UseSerialGC)                       i++;
2008   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC)                i++;
2009   if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) i++;
2010   if (UseG1GC)                           i++;
2011   if (i > 1) {
2012     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2013                 "Conflicting collector combinations in option list; "
2014                 "please refer to the release notes for the combinations "
2015                 "allowed\n");
2016     return false;
2017   }
2018 
2019   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && !UseParNewGC) {
2020     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2021         "It is not possible to combine the DefNew young collector with the CMS collector.\n");
2022     return false;
2023   }
2024 
2025   if (UseParNewGC && !UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
2026     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2027         "It is not possible to combine the ParNew young collector with any collector other than CMS.\n");
2028     return false;
2029   }
2030 
2031   return true;
2032 }
2033 
2034 void Arguments::check_deprecated_gc_flags() {
2035   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseParNewGC)) {
2036     warning("The UseParNewGC flag is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release");
2037   }
2038   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(MaxGCMinorPauseMillis)) {
2039     warning("Using MaxGCMinorPauseMillis as minor pause goal is deprecated"
2040             "and will likely be removed in future release");
2041   }
2042   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(DefaultMaxRAMFraction)) {
2043     warning("DefaultMaxRAMFraction is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release. "
2044         "Use MaxRAMFraction instead.");
2045   }
2046 }
2047 
2048 // Check the consistency of vm_init_args
2049 bool Arguments::check_vm_args_consistency() {
2050   // Method for adding checks for flag consistency.
2051   // The intent is to warn the user of all possible conflicts,
2052   // before returning an error.
2053   // Note: Needs platform-dependent factoring.
2054   bool status = true;
2055 
2056   if (TLABRefillWasteFraction == 0) {
2057     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2058                 "TLABRefillWasteFraction should be a denominator, "
2059                 "not " SIZE_FORMAT "\n",
2060                 TLABRefillWasteFraction);
2061     status = false;
2062   }
2063 
2064   if (FullGCALot && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount)) {
2065     MarkSweepAlwaysCompactCount = 1;  // Move objects every gc.
2066   }
2067 
2068   if (UseParallelOldGC && ParallelOldGCSplitALot) {
2069     // Settings to encourage splitting.
2070     if (!FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(NewRatio)) {
2071       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NewRatio, 2) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2072         status = false;
2073       }
2074     }
2075     if (!FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
2076       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2077         status = false;
2078       }
2079     }
2080   }
2081 
2082   if (!(UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC)) {
2083     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false);
2084   }
2085 
2086   if (GCTimeLimit == 100) {
2087     // Turn off gc-overhead-limit-exceeded checks
2088     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseGCOverheadLimit, false);
2089   }
2090 
2091   status = status && check_gc_consistency();
2092 
2093   // CMS space iteration, which FLSVerifyAllHeapreferences entails,
2094   // insists that we hold the requisite locks so that the iteration is
2095   // MT-safe. For the verification at start-up and shut-down, we don't
2096   // yet have a good way of acquiring and releasing these locks,
2097   // which are not visible at the CollectedHeap level. We want to
2098   // be able to acquire these locks and then do the iteration rather
2099   // than just disable the lock verification. This will be fixed under
2100   // bug 4788986.
2101   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences) {
2102     if (VerifyDuringStartup) {
2103       warning("Heap verification at start-up disabled "
2104               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2105       VerifyDuringStartup = false; // Disable verification at start-up
2106     }
2107 
2108     if (VerifyBeforeExit) {
2109       warning("Heap verification at shutdown disabled "
2110               "(due to current incompatibility with FLSVerifyAllHeapReferences)");
2111       VerifyBeforeExit = false; // Disable verification at shutdown
2112     }
2113   }
2114 
2115   // Note: only executed in non-PRODUCT mode
2116   if (!UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC &&
2117       (ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent ||
2118        ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrentAndUnloadsClasses)) {
2119     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2120                 "error: +ExplicitGCInvokesConcurrent[AndUnloadsClasses] conflicts"
2121                 " with -UseAsyncConcMarkSweepGC");
2122     status = false;
2123   }
2124 
2125   if (PrintNMTStatistics) {
2126 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2127     if (MemTracker::tracking_level() == NMT_off) {
2128 #endif // INCLUDE_NMT
2129       warning("PrintNMTStatistics is disabled, because native memory tracking is not enabled");
2130       PrintNMTStatistics = false;
2131 #if INCLUDE_NMT
2132     }
2133 #endif
2134   }
2135 
2136   // Check lower bounds of the code cache
2137   // Template Interpreter code is approximately 3X larger in debug builds.
2138   uint min_code_cache_size = CodeCacheMinimumUseSpace DEBUG_ONLY(* 3);
2139   if (InitialCodeCacheSize < (uintx)os::vm_page_size()) {
2140     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2141                 "Invalid InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %dK.\n", InitialCodeCacheSize/K,
2142                 os::vm_page_size()/K);
2143     status = false;
2144   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < InitialCodeCacheSize) {
2145     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2146                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize: %dK. Must be at least InitialCodeCacheSize=%dK.\n",
2147                 ReservedCodeCacheSize/K, InitialCodeCacheSize/K);
2148     status = false;
2149   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize < min_code_cache_size) {
2150     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2151                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/K,
2152                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2153     status = false;
2154   } else if (ReservedCodeCacheSize > CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT) {
2155     // Code cache size larger than CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT is not supported.
2156     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2157                 "Invalid ReservedCodeCacheSize=%dM. Must be at most %uM.\n", ReservedCodeCacheSize/M,
2158                 CODE_CACHE_SIZE_LIMIT/M);
2159     status = false;
2160   } else if (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize < min_code_cache_size){
2161     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2162                 "Invalid NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=%dK. Must be at least %uK.\n", NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K,
2163                 min_code_cache_size/K);
2164     status = false;
2165   } else if ((!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NonNMethodCodeHeapSize) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ProfiledCodeHeapSize) || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NonProfiledCodeHeapSize))
2166              && (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize) != ReservedCodeCacheSize) {
2167     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2168                 "Invalid code heap sizes: NonNMethodCodeHeapSize(%dK) + ProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize(%dK) = %dK. Must be equal to ReservedCodeCacheSize = %uK.\n",
2169                 NonNMethodCodeHeapSize/K, ProfiledCodeHeapSize/K, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize/K,
2170                 (NonNMethodCodeHeapSize + ProfiledCodeHeapSize + NonProfiledCodeHeapSize)/K, ReservedCodeCacheSize/K);
2171     status = false;
2172   }
2173 
2174   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCount) && !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CICompilerCountPerCPU) && CICompilerCountPerCPU) {
2175     warning("The VM option CICompilerCountPerCPU overrides CICompilerCount.");
2176   }
2177 
2178   return status;
2179 }
2180 
2181 bool Arguments::is_bad_option(const JavaVMOption* option, jboolean ignore,
2182   const char* option_type) {
2183   if (ignore) return false;
2184 
2185   const char* spacer = " ";
2186   if (option_type == NULL) {
2187     option_type = ++spacer; // Set both to the empty string.
2188   }
2189 
2190   if (os::obsolete_option(option)) {
2191     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2192                 "Obsolete %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2193       option->optionString);
2194     return false;
2195   } else {
2196     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2197                 "Unrecognized %s%soption: %s\n", option_type, spacer,
2198       option->optionString);
2199     return true;
2200   }
2201 }
2202 
2203 static const char* user_assertion_options[] = {
2204   "-da", "-ea", "-disableassertions", "-enableassertions", 0
2205 };
2206 
2207 static const char* system_assertion_options[] = {
2208   "-dsa", "-esa", "-disablesystemassertions", "-enablesystemassertions", 0
2209 };
2210 
2211 bool Arguments::parse_uintx(const char* value,
2212                             uintx* uintx_arg,
2213                             uintx min_size) {
2214 
2215   // Check the sign first since atomull() parses only unsigned values.
2216   bool value_is_positive = !(*value == '-');
2217 
2218   if (value_is_positive) {
2219     julong n;
2220     bool good_return = atomull(value, &n);
2221     if (good_return) {
2222       bool above_minimum = n >= min_size;
2223       bool value_is_too_large = n > max_uintx;
2224 
2225       if (above_minimum && !value_is_too_large) {
2226         *uintx_arg = n;
2227         return true;
2228       }
2229     }
2230   }
2231   return false;
2232 }
2233 
2234 Arguments::ArgsRange Arguments::parse_memory_size(const char* s,
2235                                                   julong* long_arg,
2236                                                   julong min_size) {
2237   if (!atomull(s, long_arg)) return arg_unreadable;
2238   return check_memory_size(*long_arg, min_size);
2239 }
2240 
2241 // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure
2242 
2243 jint Arguments::parse_vm_init_args(const JavaVMInitArgs *java_tool_options_args,
2244                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *java_options_args,
2245                                    const JavaVMInitArgs *cmd_line_args) {
2246   // For components of the system classpath.
2247   SysClassPath scp(Arguments::get_sysclasspath());
2248   bool scp_assembly_required = false;
2249 
2250   // Save default settings for some mode flags
2251   Arguments::_AlwaysCompileLoopMethods = AlwaysCompileLoopMethods;
2252   Arguments::_UseOnStackReplacement    = UseOnStackReplacement;
2253   Arguments::_ClipInlining             = ClipInlining;
2254   Arguments::_BackgroundCompilation    = BackgroundCompilation;
2255   if (TieredCompilation) {
2256     Arguments::_Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog = Tier3InvokeNotifyFreqLog;
2257     Arguments::_Tier4InvocationThreshold = Tier4InvocationThreshold;
2258   }
2259 
2260   // Setup flags for mixed which is the default
2261   set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2262 
2263   // Parse args structure generated from JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS environment
2264   // variable (if present).
2265   jint result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(
2266       java_tool_options_args, &scp, &scp_assembly_required, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2267   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2268     return result;
2269   }
2270 
2271   // Parse args structure generated from the command line flags.
2272   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(cmd_line_args, &scp, &scp_assembly_required,
2273                                   Flag::COMMAND_LINE);
2274   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2275     return result;
2276   }
2277 
2278   // Parse args structure generated from the _JAVA_OPTIONS environment
2279   // variable (if present) (mimics classic VM)
2280   result = parse_each_vm_init_arg(
2281       java_options_args, &scp, &scp_assembly_required, Flag::ENVIRON_VAR);
2282   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2283     return result;
2284   }
2285 
2286   // Do final processing now that all arguments have been parsed
2287   result = finalize_vm_init_args(&scp, scp_assembly_required);
2288   if (result != JNI_OK) {
2289     return result;
2290   }
2291 
2292   return JNI_OK;
2293 }
2294 
2295 // Checks if name in command-line argument -agent{lib,path}:name[=options]
2296 // represents a valid JDWP agent.  is_path==true denotes that we
2297 // are dealing with -agentpath (case where name is a path), otherwise with
2298 // -agentlib
2299 bool valid_jdwp_agent(char *name, bool is_path) {
2300   char *_name;
2301   const char *_jdwp = "jdwp";
2302   size_t _len_jdwp, _len_prefix;
2303 
2304   if (is_path) {
2305     if ((_name = strrchr(name, (int) *os::file_separator())) == NULL) {
2306       return false;
2307     }
2308 
2309     _name++;  // skip past last path separator
2310     _len_prefix = strlen(JNI_LIB_PREFIX);
2311 
2312     if (strncmp(_name, JNI_LIB_PREFIX, _len_prefix) != 0) {
2313       return false;
2314     }
2315 
2316     _name += _len_prefix;
2317     _len_jdwp = strlen(_jdwp);
2318 
2319     if (strncmp(_name, _jdwp, _len_jdwp) == 0) {
2320       _name += _len_jdwp;
2321     }
2322     else {
2323       return false;
2324     }
2325 
2326     if (strcmp(_name, JNI_LIB_SUFFIX) != 0) {
2327       return false;
2328     }
2329 
2330     return true;
2331   }
2332 
2333   if (strcmp(name, _jdwp) == 0) {
2334     return true;
2335   }
2336 
2337   return false;
2338 }
2339 
2340 jint Arguments::parse_each_vm_init_arg(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
2341                                        SysClassPath* scp_p,
2342                                        bool* scp_assembly_required_p,
2343                                        Flag::Flags origin) {
2344   // Remaining part of option string
2345   const char* tail;
2346 
2347   // iterate over arguments
2348   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
2349     bool is_absolute_path = false;  // for -agentpath vs -agentlib
2350 
2351     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
2352 
2353     if (!match_option(option, "-Djava.class.path", &tail) &&
2354         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.command", &tail) &&
2355         !match_option(option, "-Dsun.java.launcher", &tail)) {
2356 
2357         // add all jvm options to the jvm_args string. This string
2358         // is used later to set the java.vm.args PerfData string constant.
2359         // the -Djava.class.path and the -Dsun.java.command options are
2360         // omitted from jvm_args string as each have their own PerfData
2361         // string constant object.
2362         build_jvm_args(option->optionString);
2363     }
2364 
2365     // -verbose:[class/gc/jni]
2366     if (match_option(option, "-verbose", &tail)) {
2367       if (!strcmp(tail, ":class") || !strcmp(tail, "")) {
2368         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassLoading, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2369           return JNI_EINVAL;
2370         }
2371         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassUnloading, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2372           return JNI_EINVAL;
2373         }
2374       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":gc")) {
2375         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2376           return JNI_EINVAL;
2377         }
2378       } else if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2379         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintJNIResolving, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2380           return JNI_EINVAL;
2381         }
2382       }
2383     // -da / -ea / -disableassertions / -enableassertions
2384     // These accept an optional class/package name separated by a colon, e.g.,
2385     // -da:java.lang.Thread.
2386     } else if (match_option(option, user_assertion_options, &tail, true)) {
2387       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2388       if (*tail == '\0') {
2389         JavaAssertions::setUserClassDefault(enable);
2390       } else {
2391         assert(*tail == ':', "bogus match by match_option()");
2392         JavaAssertions::addOption(tail + 1, enable);
2393       }
2394     // -dsa / -esa / -disablesystemassertions / -enablesystemassertions
2395     } else if (match_option(option, system_assertion_options, &tail, false)) {
2396       bool enable = option->optionString[1] == 'e';     // char after '-' is 'e'
2397       JavaAssertions::setSystemClassDefault(enable);
2398     // -bootclasspath:
2399     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath:", &tail)) {
2400       scp_p->reset_path(tail);
2401       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2402     // -bootclasspath/a:
2403     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/a:", &tail)) {
2404       scp_p->add_suffix(tail);
2405       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2406     // -bootclasspath/p:
2407     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbootclasspath/p:", &tail)) {
2408       scp_p->add_prefix(tail);
2409       *scp_assembly_required_p = true;
2410     // -Xrun
2411     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrun", &tail)) {
2412       if (tail != NULL) {
2413         const char* pos = strchr(tail, ':');
2414         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2415         char* name = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtInternal), tail, len);
2416         name[len] = '\0';
2417 
2418         char *options = NULL;
2419         if(pos != NULL) {
2420           size_t len2 = strlen(pos+1) + 1; // options start after ':'.  Final zero must be copied.
2421           options = (char*)memcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len2, mtInternal), pos+1, len2);
2422         }
2423 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2424         if (strcmp(name, "jdwp") == 0) {
2425           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2426             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2427           return JNI_ERR;
2428         }
2429 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2430         add_init_library(name, options);
2431       }
2432     // -agentlib and -agentpath
2433     } else if (match_option(option, "-agentlib:", &tail) ||
2434           (is_absolute_path = match_option(option, "-agentpath:", &tail))) {
2435       if(tail != NULL) {
2436         const char* pos = strchr(tail, '=');
2437         size_t len = (pos == NULL) ? strlen(tail) : pos - tail;
2438         char* name = strncpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len + 1, mtInternal), tail, len);
2439         name[len] = '\0';
2440 
2441         char *options = NULL;
2442         if(pos != NULL) {
2443           options = os::strdup_check_oom(pos + 1, mtInternal);
2444         }
2445 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2446         if (valid_jdwp_agent(name, is_absolute_path)) {
2447           jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2448             "Debugging agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2449           return JNI_ERR;
2450         }
2451 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2452         add_init_agent(name, options, is_absolute_path);
2453       }
2454     // -javaagent
2455     } else if (match_option(option, "-javaagent:", &tail)) {
2456 #if !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2457       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2458         "Instrumentation agents are not supported in this VM\n");
2459       return JNI_ERR;
2460 #else
2461       if(tail != NULL) {
2462         char *options = strcpy(NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, strlen(tail) + 1, mtInternal), tail);
2463         add_init_agent("instrument", options, false);
2464       }
2465 #endif // !INCLUDE_JVMTI
2466     // -Xnoclassgc
2467     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoclassgc")) {
2468       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ClassUnloading, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2469         return JNI_EINVAL;
2470       }
2471     // -Xconcgc
2472     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcgc")) {
2473       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2474         return JNI_EINVAL;
2475       }
2476     // -Xnoconcgc
2477     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoconcgc")) {
2478       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseConcMarkSweepGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2479         return JNI_EINVAL;
2480       }
2481     // -Xbatch
2482     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xbatch")) {
2483       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2484         return JNI_EINVAL;
2485       }
2486     // -Xmn for compatibility with other JVM vendors
2487     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmn", &tail)) {
2488       julong long_initial_young_size = 0;
2489       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_young_size, 1);
2490       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2491         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2492                     "Invalid initial young generation size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2493         describe_range_error(errcode);
2494         return JNI_EINVAL;
2495       }
2496       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2497         return JNI_EINVAL;
2498       }
2499       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize, (size_t)long_initial_young_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2500         return JNI_EINVAL;
2501       }
2502     // -Xms
2503     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xms", &tail)) {
2504       julong long_initial_heap_size = 0;
2505       // an initial heap size of 0 means automatically determine
2506       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_initial_heap_size, 0);
2507       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2508         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2509                     "Invalid initial heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2510         describe_range_error(errcode);
2511         return JNI_EINVAL;
2512       }
2513       set_min_heap_size((size_t)long_initial_heap_size);
2514       // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2515       // Can be overridden with -XX:InitialHeapSize.
2516       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, (size_t)long_initial_heap_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2517         return JNI_EINVAL;
2518       }
2519     // -Xmx
2520     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmx", &tail) || match_option(option, "-XX:MaxHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2521       julong long_max_heap_size = 0;
2522       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_max_heap_size, 1);
2523       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2524         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2525                     "Invalid maximum heap size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2526         describe_range_error(errcode);
2527         return JNI_EINVAL;
2528       }
2529       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, (size_t)long_max_heap_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2530         return JNI_EINVAL;
2531       }
2532     // Xmaxf
2533     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxf", &tail)) {
2534       char* err;
2535       int maxf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2536       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2537         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2538                     "Bad max heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2539                     option->optionString);
2540         return JNI_EINVAL;
2541       } else {
2542         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxHeapFreeRatio, maxf) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2543             return JNI_EINVAL;
2544         }
2545       }
2546     // Xminf
2547     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xminf", &tail)) {
2548       char* err;
2549       int minf = (int)(strtod(tail, &err) * 100);
2550       if (*err != '\0' || *tail == '\0') {
2551         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2552                     "Bad min heap free percentage size: %s\n",
2553                     option->optionString);
2554         return JNI_EINVAL;
2555       } else {
2556         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MinHeapFreeRatio, minf) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2557           return JNI_EINVAL;
2558         }
2559       }
2560     // -Xss
2561     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xss", &tail)) {
2562       julong long_ThreadStackSize = 0;
2563       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ThreadStackSize, 1000);
2564       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2565         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2566                     "Invalid thread stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
2567         describe_range_error(errcode);
2568         return JNI_EINVAL;
2569       }
2570       // Internally track ThreadStackSize in units of 1024 bytes.
2571       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, ThreadStackSize,
2572                        round_to((int)long_ThreadStackSize, K) / K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2573         return JNI_EINVAL;
2574       }
2575     // -Xoss, -Xsqnopause, -Xoptimize, -Xboundthreads
2576     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xoss", &tail) ||
2577                match_option(option, "-Xsqnopause") ||
2578                match_option(option, "-Xoptimize") ||
2579                match_option(option, "-Xboundthreads")) {
2580       // All these options are deprecated in JDK 9 and will be removed in a future release
2581       char version[256];
2582       JDK_Version::jdk(9).to_string(version, sizeof(version));
2583       warning("ignoring option %s; support was removed in %s", option->optionString, version);
2584     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CodeCacheExpansionSize=", &tail)) {
2585       julong long_CodeCacheExpansionSize = 0;
2586       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_CodeCacheExpansionSize, os::vm_page_size());
2587       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2588         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2589                    "Invalid argument: %s. Must be at least %luK.\n", option->optionString,
2590                    os::vm_page_size()/K);
2591         return JNI_EINVAL;
2592       }
2593       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, CodeCacheExpansionSize, (uintx)long_CodeCacheExpansionSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2594         return JNI_EINVAL;
2595       }
2596     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmaxjitcodesize", &tail) ||
2597                match_option(option, "-XX:ReservedCodeCacheSize=", &tail)) {
2598       julong long_ReservedCodeCacheSize = 0;
2599 
2600       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ReservedCodeCacheSize, 1);
2601       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2602         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2603                     "Invalid maximum code cache size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2604         return JNI_EINVAL;
2605       }
2606       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ReservedCodeCacheSize, (uintx)long_ReservedCodeCacheSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2607         return JNI_EINVAL;
2608       }
2609       // -XX:NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=
2610     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:NonNMethodCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2611       julong long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize = 0;
2612 
2613       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize, 1);
2614       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2615         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2616                     "Invalid maximum non-nmethod code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2617         return JNI_EINVAL;
2618       }
2619       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NonNMethodCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_NonNMethodCodeHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2620         return JNI_EINVAL;
2621       }
2622       // -XX:ProfiledCodeHeapSize=
2623     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ProfiledCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2624       julong long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize = 0;
2625 
2626       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize, 1);
2627       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2628         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2629                     "Invalid maximum profiled code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2630         return JNI_EINVAL;
2631       }
2632       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ProfiledCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_ProfiledCodeHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2633         return JNI_EINVAL;
2634       }
2635       // -XX:NonProfiledCodeHeapSizee=
2636     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:NonProfiledCodeHeapSize=", &tail)) {
2637       julong long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize = 0;
2638 
2639       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, 1);
2640       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
2641         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2642                     "Invalid maximum non-profiled code heap size: %s.\n", option->optionString);
2643         return JNI_EINVAL;
2644       }
2645       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, NonProfiledCodeHeapSize, (uintx)long_NonProfiledCodeHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2646         return JNI_EINVAL;
2647       }
2648     // -green
2649     } else if (match_option(option, "-green")) {
2650       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2651                   "Green threads support not available\n");
2652           return JNI_EINVAL;
2653     // -native
2654     } else if (match_option(option, "-native")) {
2655           // HotSpot always uses native threads, ignore silently for compatibility
2656     // -Xrs
2657     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xrs")) {
2658           // Classic/EVM option, new functionality
2659       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ReduceSignalUsage, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2660         return JNI_EINVAL;
2661       }
2662     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xusealtsigs")) {
2663           // change default internal VM signals used - lower case for back compat
2664       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseAltSigs, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2665         return JNI_EINVAL;
2666       }
2667     // -Xprof
2668     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprof")) {
2669 #if INCLUDE_FPROF
2670       _has_profile = true;
2671 #else // INCLUDE_FPROF
2672       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2673         "Flat profiling is not supported in this VM.\n");
2674       return JNI_ERR;
2675 #endif // INCLUDE_FPROF
2676     // -Xconcurrentio
2677     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xconcurrentio")) {
2678       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseLWPSynchronization, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2679         return JNI_EINVAL;
2680       }
2681       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BackgroundCompilation, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2682         return JNI_EINVAL;
2683       }
2684       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(intx, DeferThrSuspendLoopCount, 1) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2685         return JNI_EINVAL;
2686       }
2687       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseTLAB, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2688         return JNI_EINVAL;
2689       }
2690       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSizeThreadIncrease, 16 * K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {  // 20Kb per thread added to new generation
2691         return JNI_EINVAL;
2692       }
2693 
2694       // -Xinternalversion
2695     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xinternalversion")) {
2696       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(), "%s\n",
2697                   VM_Version::internal_vm_info_string());
2698       vm_exit(0);
2699 #ifndef PRODUCT
2700     // -Xprintflags
2701     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xprintflags")) {
2702       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
2703       vm_exit(0);
2704 #endif
2705     // -D
2706     } else if (match_option(option, "-D", &tail)) {
2707       const char* value;
2708       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=", &value) &&
2709             *value!= '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2710         // abort if -Djava.endorsed.dirs is set
2711         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2712           "-Djava.endorsed.dirs=%s is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
2713           "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n", value);
2714         return JNI_EINVAL;
2715       }
2716       if (match_option(option, "-Djava.ext.dirs=", &value) &&
2717             *value != '\0' && strcmp(value, "\"\"") != 0) {
2718         // abort if -Djava.ext.dirs is set
2719         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2720           "-Djava.ext.dirs=%s is not supported.  Use -classpath instead.\n", value);
2721         return JNI_EINVAL;
2722       }
2723 
2724       if (!add_property(tail)) {
2725         return JNI_ENOMEM;
2726       }
2727       // Out of the box management support
2728       if (match_option(option, "-Dcom.sun.management", &tail)) {
2729 #if INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
2730         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ManagementServer, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2731           return JNI_EINVAL;
2732         }
2733 #else
2734         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2735           "-Dcom.sun.management is not supported in this VM.\n");
2736         return JNI_ERR;
2737 #endif
2738       }
2739     // -Xint
2740     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xint")) {
2741           set_mode_flags(_int);
2742     // -Xmixed
2743     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xmixed")) {
2744           set_mode_flags(_mixed);
2745     // -Xcomp
2746     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcomp")) {
2747       // for testing the compiler; turn off all flags that inhibit compilation
2748           set_mode_flags(_comp);
2749     // -Xshare:dump
2750     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:dump")) {
2751       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DumpSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2752         return JNI_EINVAL;
2753       }
2754       set_mode_flags(_int);     // Prevent compilation, which creates objects
2755     // -Xshare:on
2756     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:on")) {
2757       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2758         return JNI_EINVAL;
2759       }
2760       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2761         return JNI_EINVAL;
2762       }
2763     // -Xshare:auto
2764     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:auto")) {
2765       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2766         return JNI_EINVAL;
2767       }
2768       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2769         return JNI_EINVAL;
2770       }
2771     // -Xshare:off
2772     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xshare:off")) {
2773       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2774         return JNI_EINVAL;
2775       }
2776       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2777         return JNI_EINVAL;
2778       }
2779     // -Xverify
2780     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xverify", &tail)) {
2781       if (strcmp(tail, ":all") == 0 || strcmp(tail, "") == 0) {
2782         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2783           return JNI_EINVAL;
2784         }
2785         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2786           return JNI_EINVAL;
2787         }
2788       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":remote") == 0) {
2789         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2790           return JNI_EINVAL;
2791         }
2792         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2793           return JNI_EINVAL;
2794         }
2795       } else if (strcmp(tail, ":none") == 0) {
2796         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationLocal, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2797           return JNI_EINVAL;
2798         }
2799         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BytecodeVerificationRemote, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2800           return JNI_EINVAL;
2801         }
2802       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized, "verification")) {
2803         return JNI_EINVAL;
2804       }
2805     // -Xdebug
2806     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xdebug")) {
2807       // note this flag has been used, then ignore
2808       set_xdebug_mode(true);
2809     // -Xnoagent
2810     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xnoagent")) {
2811       // For compatibility with classic. HotSpot refuses to load the old style agent.dll.
2812     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xloggc:", &tail)) {
2813       // Redirect GC output to the file. -Xloggc:<filename>
2814       // ostream_init_log(), when called will use this filename
2815       // to initialize a fileStream.
2816       _gc_log_filename = os::strdup_check_oom(tail);
2817      if (!is_filename_valid(_gc_log_filename)) {
2818        jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
2819                   "Invalid file name for use with -Xloggc: Filename can only contain the "
2820                   "characters [A-Z][a-z][0-9]-_.%%[p|t] but it has been %s\n"
2821                   "Note %%p or %%t can only be used once\n", _gc_log_filename);
2822         return JNI_EINVAL;
2823       }
2824       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2825         return JNI_EINVAL;
2826       }
2827       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, PrintGCTimeStamps, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2828         return JNI_EINVAL;
2829       }
2830     // JNI hooks
2831     } else if (match_option(option, "-Xcheck", &tail)) {
2832       if (!strcmp(tail, ":jni")) {
2833 #if !INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
2834         warning("JNI CHECKING is not supported in this VM");
2835 #else
2836         CheckJNICalls = true;
2837 #endif // INCLUDE_JNI_CHECK
2838       } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized,
2839                                      "check")) {
2840         return JNI_EINVAL;
2841       }
2842     } else if (match_option(option, "vfprintf")) {
2843       _vfprintf_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(vfprintf_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2844     } else if (match_option(option, "exit")) {
2845       _exit_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(exit_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2846     } else if (match_option(option, "abort")) {
2847       _abort_hook = CAST_TO_FN_PTR(abort_hook_t, option->extraInfo);
2848     // -XX:+AggressiveHeap
2849     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AggressiveHeap")) {
2850 
2851       // This option inspects the machine and attempts to set various
2852       // parameters to be optimal for long-running, memory allocation
2853       // intensive jobs.  It is intended for machines with large
2854       // amounts of cpu and memory.
2855 
2856       // initHeapSize is needed since _initial_heap_size is 4 bytes on a 32 bit
2857       // VM, but we may not be able to represent the total physical memory
2858       // available (like having 8gb of memory on a box but using a 32bit VM).
2859       // Thus, we need to make sure we're using a julong for intermediate
2860       // calculations.
2861       julong initHeapSize;
2862       julong total_memory = os::physical_memory();
2863 
2864       if (total_memory < (julong)256*M) {
2865         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2866                     "You need at least 256mb of memory to use -XX:+AggressiveHeap\n");
2867         vm_exit(1);
2868       }
2869 
2870       // The heap size is half of available memory, or (at most)
2871       // all of possible memory less 160mb (leaving room for the OS
2872       // when using ISM).  This is the maximum; because adaptive sizing
2873       // is turned on below, the actual space used may be smaller.
2874 
2875       initHeapSize = MIN2(total_memory / (julong)2,
2876                           total_memory - (julong)160*M);
2877 
2878       initHeapSize = limit_by_allocatable_memory(initHeapSize);
2879 
2880       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxHeapSize)) {
2881          if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxHeapSize, initHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2882            return JNI_EINVAL;
2883          }
2884          if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, InitialHeapSize, initHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2885            return JNI_EINVAL;
2886          }
2887          // Currently the minimum size and the initial heap sizes are the same.
2888          set_min_heap_size(initHeapSize);
2889       }
2890       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(NewSize)) {
2891          // Make the young generation 3/8ths of the total heap.
2892          if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, NewSize,
2893                                 ((julong)MaxHeapSize / (julong)8) * (julong)3) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2894            return JNI_EINVAL;
2895          }
2896          if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxNewSize, NewSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2897            return JNI_EINVAL;
2898          }
2899       }
2900 
2901 #if !defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) && !defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
2902       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, true);
2903 #endif
2904 
2905       // Increase some data structure sizes for efficiency
2906       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, BaseFootPrintEstimate, MaxHeapSize) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2907         return JNI_EINVAL;
2908       }
2909       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ResizeTLAB, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2910         return JNI_EINVAL;
2911       }
2912       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, TLABSize, 256*K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2913         return JNI_EINVAL;
2914       }
2915 
2916       // See the OldPLABSize comment below, but replace 'after promotion'
2917       // with 'after copying'.  YoungPLABSize is the size of the survivor
2918       // space per-gc-thread buffers.  The default is 4kw.
2919       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, YoungPLABSize, 256*K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {      // Note: this is in words
2920         return JNI_EINVAL;
2921       }
2922 
2923       // OldPLABSize is the size of the buffers in the old gen that
2924       // UseParallelGC uses to promote live data that doesn't fit in the
2925       // survivor spaces.  At any given time, there's one for each gc thread.
2926       // The default size is 1kw. These buffers are rarely used, since the
2927       // survivor spaces are usually big enough.  For specjbb, however, there
2928       // are occasions when there's lots of live data in the young gen
2929       // and we end up promoting some of it.  We don't have a definite
2930       // explanation for why bumping OldPLABSize helps, but the theory
2931       // is that a bigger PLAB results in retaining something like the
2932       // original allocation order after promotion, which improves mutator
2933       // locality.  A minor effect may be that larger PLABs reduce the
2934       // number of PLAB allocation events during gc.  The value of 8kw
2935       // was arrived at by experimenting with specjbb.
2936       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, OldPLABSize, 8*K) != Flag::SUCCESS) {  // Note: this is in words
2937         return JNI_EINVAL;
2938       }
2939 
2940       // Enable parallel GC and adaptive generation sizing
2941       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseParallelGC, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2942         return JNI_EINVAL;
2943       }
2944       FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ParallelGCThreads,
2945                        Abstract_VM_Version::parallel_worker_threads());
2946 
2947       // Encourage steady state memory management
2948       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, ThresholdTolerance, 100) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2949         return JNI_EINVAL;
2950       }
2951 
2952       // This appears to improve mutator locality
2953       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2954         return JNI_EINVAL;
2955       }
2956 
2957       // Get around early Solaris scheduling bug
2958       // (affinity vs other jobs on system)
2959       // but disallow DR and offlining (5008695).
2960       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, BindGCTaskThreadsToCPUs, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2961         return JNI_EINVAL;
2962       }
2963 
2964     // Need to keep consistency of MaxTenuringThreshold and AlwaysTenure/NeverTenure;
2965     // and the last option wins.
2966     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+NeverTenure")) {
2967       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2968         return JNI_EINVAL;
2969       }
2970       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2971         return JNI_EINVAL;
2972       }
2973       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, markOopDesc::max_age + 1) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2974         return JNI_EINVAL;
2975       }
2976     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+AlwaysTenure")) {
2977       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2978         return JNI_EINVAL;
2979       }
2980       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2981         return JNI_EINVAL;
2982       }
2983       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, 0) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2984         return JNI_EINVAL;
2985       }
2986     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxTenuringThreshold=", &tail)) {
2987       uintx max_tenuring_thresh = 0;
2988       if (!parse_uintx(tail, &max_tenuring_thresh, 0)) {
2989         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
2990                     "Improperly specified VM option \'MaxTenuringThreshold=%s\'\n", tail);
2991         return JNI_EINVAL;
2992       }
2993 
2994       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uintx, MaxTenuringThreshold, max_tenuring_thresh) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
2995         return JNI_EINVAL;
2996       }
2997 
2998       if (MaxTenuringThreshold == 0) {
2999         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3000           return JNI_EINVAL;
3001         }
3002         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3003           return JNI_EINVAL;
3004         }
3005       } else {
3006         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, NeverTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3007           return JNI_EINVAL;
3008         }
3009         if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, AlwaysTenure, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3010           return JNI_EINVAL;
3011         }
3012       }
3013     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStderr")) {
3014       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3015         return JNI_EINVAL;
3016       }
3017       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3018         return JNI_EINVAL;
3019       }
3020     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+DisplayVMOutputToStdout")) {
3021       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStderr, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3022         return JNI_EINVAL;
3023       }
3024       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DisplayVMOutputToStdout, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3025         return JNI_EINVAL;
3026       }
3027     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ExtendedDTraceProbes")) {
3028 #if defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3029       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ExtendedDTraceProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3030         return JNI_EINVAL;
3031       }
3032       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMethodProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3033         return JNI_EINVAL;
3034       }
3035       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceAllocProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3036         return JNI_EINVAL;
3037       }
3038       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, DTraceMonitorProbes, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3039         return JNI_EINVAL;
3040       }
3041 #else // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3042       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3043                   "ExtendedDTraceProbes flag is not applicable for this configuration\n");
3044       return JNI_EINVAL;
3045 #endif // defined(DTRACE_ENABLED)
3046 #ifdef ASSERT
3047     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+FullGCALot")) {
3048       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, FullGCALot, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3049         return JNI_EINVAL;
3050       }
3051       // disable scavenge before parallel mark-compact
3052       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, ScavengeBeforeFullGC, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3053         return JNI_EINVAL;
3054       }
3055 #endif
3056     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSMarkStackSize=", &tail) ||
3057                match_option(option, "-XX:G1MarkStackSize=", &tail)) {
3058       julong stack_size = 0;
3059       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &stack_size, 1);
3060       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3061         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3062                     "Invalid mark stack size: %s\n", option->optionString);
3063         describe_range_error(errcode);
3064         return JNI_EINVAL;
3065       }
3066       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3067         "Please use -XX:MarkStackSize in place of "
3068         "-XX:CMSMarkStackSize or -XX:G1MarkStackSize in the future\n");
3069       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MarkStackSize, stack_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3070         return JNI_EINVAL;
3071       }
3072     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:CMSMarkStackSizeMax=", &tail)) {
3073       julong max_stack_size = 0;
3074       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &max_stack_size, 1);
3075       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3076         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3077                     "Invalid maximum mark stack size: %s\n",
3078                     option->optionString);
3079         describe_range_error(errcode);
3080         return JNI_EINVAL;
3081       }
3082       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3083          "Please use -XX:MarkStackSizeMax in place of "
3084          "-XX:CMSMarkStackSizeMax in the future\n");
3085       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MarkStackSizeMax, max_stack_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3086         return JNI_EINVAL;
3087       }
3088     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelMarkingThreads=", &tail) ||
3089                match_option(option, "-XX:ParallelCMSThreads=", &tail)) {
3090       uintx conc_threads = 0;
3091       if (!parse_uintx(tail, &conc_threads, 1)) {
3092         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3093                     "Invalid concurrent threads: %s\n", option->optionString);
3094         return JNI_EINVAL;
3095       }
3096       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3097         "Please use -XX:ConcGCThreads in place of "
3098         "-XX:ParallelMarkingThreads or -XX:ParallelCMSThreads in the future\n");
3099       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(uint, ConcGCThreads, conc_threads) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3100         return JNI_EINVAL;
3101       }
3102     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:MaxDirectMemorySize=", &tail)) {
3103       julong max_direct_memory_size = 0;
3104       ArgsRange errcode = parse_memory_size(tail, &max_direct_memory_size, 0);
3105       if (errcode != arg_in_range) {
3106         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3107                     "Invalid maximum direct memory size: %s\n",
3108                     option->optionString);
3109         describe_range_error(errcode);
3110         return JNI_EINVAL;
3111       }
3112       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(size_t, MaxDirectMemorySize, max_direct_memory_size) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3113         return JNI_EINVAL;
3114       }
3115 #if !INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3116     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+ManagementServer")) {
3117         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3118           "ManagementServer is not supported in this VM.\n");
3119         return JNI_ERR;
3120 #endif // INCLUDE_MANAGEMENT
3121     // CreateMinidumpOnCrash is removed, and replaced by CreateCoredumpOnCrash
3122     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:+CreateMinidumpOnCrash")) {
3123       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CreateCoredumpOnCrash, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3124         return JNI_EINVAL;
3125       }
3126       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3127           "CreateMinidumpOnCrash is replaced by CreateCoredumpOnCrash: CreateCoredumpOnCrash is on\n");
3128     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:-CreateMinidumpOnCrash")) {
3129       if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, CreateCoredumpOnCrash, false) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3130         return JNI_EINVAL;
3131       }
3132       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3133           "CreateMinidumpOnCrash is replaced by CreateCoredumpOnCrash: CreateCoredumpOnCrash is off\n");
3134     } else if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) { // -XX:xxxx
3135       // Skip -XX:Flags= since that case has already been handled
3136       if (strncmp(tail, "Flags=", strlen("Flags=")) != 0) {
3137         if (!process_argument(tail, args->ignoreUnrecognized, origin)) {
3138           return JNI_EINVAL;
3139         }
3140       }
3141     // Unknown option
3142     } else if (is_bad_option(option, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3143       return JNI_ERR;
3144     }
3145   }
3146 
3147   // PrintSharedArchiveAndExit will turn on
3148   //   -Xshare:on
3149   //   -XX:+TraceClassPaths
3150   if (PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
3151     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, UseSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3152       return JNI_EINVAL;
3153     }
3154     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, RequireSharedSpaces, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3155       return JNI_EINVAL;
3156     }
3157     if (FLAG_SET_CMDLINE(bool, TraceClassPaths, true) != Flag::SUCCESS) {
3158       return JNI_EINVAL;
3159     }
3160   }
3161 
3162   // Change the default value for flags  which have different default values
3163   // when working with older JDKs.
3164 #ifdef LINUX
3165  if (JDK_Version::current().compare_major(6) <= 0 &&
3166       FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks)) {
3167     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLinuxPosixThreadCPUClocks, false);
3168   }
3169 #endif // LINUX
3170   fix_appclasspath();
3171   return JNI_OK;
3172 }
3173 
3174 // Remove all empty paths from the app classpath (if IgnoreEmptyClassPaths is enabled)
3175 //
3176 // This is necessary because some apps like to specify classpath like -cp foo.jar:${XYZ}:bar.jar
3177 // in their start-up scripts. If XYZ is empty, the classpath will look like "-cp foo.jar::bar.jar".
3178 // Java treats such empty paths as if the user specified "-cp foo.jar:.:bar.jar". I.e., an empty
3179 // path is treated as the current directory.
3180 //
3181 // This causes problems with CDS, which requires that all directories specified in the classpath
3182 // must be empty. In most cases, applications do NOT want to load classes from the current
3183 // directory anyway. Adding -XX:+IgnoreEmptyClassPaths will make these applications' start-up
3184 // scripts compatible with CDS.
3185 void Arguments::fix_appclasspath() {
3186   if (IgnoreEmptyClassPaths) {
3187     const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3188     const char* src = _java_class_path->value();
3189 
3190     // skip over all the leading empty paths
3191     while (*src == separator) {
3192       src ++;
3193     }
3194 
3195     char* copy = os::strdup_check_oom(src, mtInternal);
3196 
3197     // trim all trailing empty paths
3198     for (char* tail = copy + strlen(copy) - 1; tail >= copy && *tail == separator; tail--) {
3199       *tail = '\0';
3200     }
3201 
3202     char from[3] = {separator, separator, '\0'};
3203     char to  [2] = {separator, '\0'};
3204     while (StringUtils::replace_no_expand(copy, from, to) > 0) {
3205       // Keep replacing "::" -> ":" until we have no more "::" (non-windows)
3206       // Keep replacing ";;" -> ";" until we have no more ";;" (windows)
3207     }
3208 
3209     _java_class_path->set_value(copy);
3210     FreeHeap(copy); // a copy was made by set_value, so don't need this anymore
3211   }
3212 
3213   if (!PrintSharedArchiveAndExit) {
3214     ClassLoader::trace_class_path("[classpath: ", _java_class_path->value());
3215   }
3216 }
3217 
3218 static bool has_jar_files(const char* directory) {
3219   DIR* dir = os::opendir(directory);
3220   if (dir == NULL) return false;
3221 
3222   struct dirent *entry;
3223   char *dbuf = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, os::readdir_buf_size(directory), mtInternal);
3224   bool hasJarFile = false;
3225   while (!hasJarFile && (entry = os::readdir(dir, (dirent *) dbuf)) != NULL) {
3226     const char* name = entry->d_name;
3227     const char* ext = name + strlen(name) - 4;
3228     hasJarFile = ext > name && (os::file_name_strcmp(ext, ".jar") == 0);
3229   }
3230   FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dbuf);
3231   os::closedir(dir);
3232   return hasJarFile ;
3233 }
3234 
3235 static int check_non_empty_dirs(const char* path) {
3236   const char separator = *os::path_separator();
3237   const char* const end = path + strlen(path);
3238   int nonEmptyDirs = 0;
3239   while (path < end) {
3240     const char* tmp_end = strchr(path, separator);
3241     if (tmp_end == NULL) {
3242       if (has_jar_files(path)) {
3243         nonEmptyDirs++;
3244         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3245           "Non-empty directory: %s\n", path);
3246       }
3247       path = end;
3248     } else {
3249       char* dirpath = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, tmp_end - path + 1, mtInternal);
3250       memcpy(dirpath, path, tmp_end - path);
3251       dirpath[tmp_end - path] = '\0';
3252       if (has_jar_files(dirpath)) {
3253         nonEmptyDirs++;
3254         jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3255           "Non-empty directory: %s\n", dirpath);
3256       }
3257       FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, dirpath);
3258       path = tmp_end + 1;
3259     }
3260   }
3261   return nonEmptyDirs;
3262 }
3263 
3264 jint Arguments::finalize_vm_init_args(SysClassPath* scp_p, bool scp_assembly_required) {
3265   // check if the default lib/endorsed directory exists; if so, error
3266   char path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3267   const char* fileSep = os::file_separator();
3268   sprintf(path, "%s%slib%sendorsed", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3269 
3270   if (CheckEndorsedAndExtDirs) {
3271     int nonEmptyDirs = 0;
3272     // check endorsed directory
3273     nonEmptyDirs += check_non_empty_dirs(path);
3274     // check the extension directories
3275     nonEmptyDirs += check_non_empty_dirs(Arguments::get_ext_dirs());
3276     if (nonEmptyDirs > 0) {
3277       return JNI_ERR;
3278     }
3279   }
3280 
3281   DIR* dir = os::opendir(path);
3282   if (dir != NULL) {
3283     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3284       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/endorsed is not supported. Endorsed standards and standalone APIs\n"
3285       "in modular form will be supported via the concept of upgradeable modules.\n");
3286     os::closedir(dir);
3287     return JNI_ERR;
3288   }
3289 
3290   sprintf(path, "%s%slib%sext", Arguments::get_java_home(), fileSep, fileSep);
3291   dir = os::opendir(path);
3292   if (dir != NULL) {
3293     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::output_stream(),
3294       "<JAVA_HOME>/lib/ext exists, extensions mechanism no longer supported; "
3295       "Use -classpath instead.\n.");
3296     os::closedir(dir);
3297     return JNI_ERR;
3298   }
3299 
3300   if (scp_assembly_required) {
3301     // Assemble the bootclasspath elements into the final path.
3302     char *combined_path = scp_p->combined_path();
3303     Arguments::set_sysclasspath(combined_path);
3304     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, combined_path);
3305   }
3306 
3307   // This must be done after all arguments have been processed.
3308   // java_compiler() true means set to "NONE" or empty.
3309   if (java_compiler() && !xdebug_mode()) {
3310     // For backwards compatibility, we switch to interpreted mode if
3311     // -Djava.compiler="NONE" or "" is specified AND "-Xdebug" was
3312     // not specified.
3313     set_mode_flags(_int);
3314   }
3315 
3316   // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is same as -Xint: Disable compilation (enable interpreter-only mode),
3317   // but like -Xint, leave compilation thresholds unaffected.
3318   // With tiered compilation disabled, setting CompileThreshold to 0 disables compilation as well.
3319   if ((CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0) || (!TieredCompilation && CompileThreshold == 0)) {
3320     set_mode_flags(_int);
3321   }
3322 
3323   // eventually fix up InitialTenuringThreshold if only MaxTenuringThreshold is set
3324   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(InitialTenuringThreshold) && (InitialTenuringThreshold > MaxTenuringThreshold)) {
3325     FLAG_SET_ERGO(uintx, InitialTenuringThreshold, MaxTenuringThreshold);
3326   }
3327 
3328 #ifndef COMPILER2
3329   // Don't degrade server performance for footprint
3330   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseLargePages) &&
3331       MaxHeapSize < LargePageHeapSizeThreshold) {
3332     // No need for large granularity pages w/small heaps.
3333     // Note that large pages are enabled/disabled for both the
3334     // Java heap and the code cache.
3335     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseLargePages, false);
3336   }
3337 
3338 #else
3339   if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(OptoLoopAlignment) && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad)) {
3340     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MaxLoopPad, OptoLoopAlignment-1);
3341   }
3342 #endif
3343 
3344 #ifndef TIERED
3345   // Tiered compilation is undefined.
3346   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(TieredCompilation, "TieredCompilation");
3347 #endif
3348 
3349   // If we are running in a headless jre, force java.awt.headless property
3350   // to be true unless the property has already been set.
3351   // Also allow the OS environment variable JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS to set headless state.
3352   if (os::is_headless_jre()) {
3353     const char* headless = Arguments::get_property("java.awt.headless");
3354     if (headless == NULL) {
3355       const char *headless_env = ::getenv("JAVA_AWT_HEADLESS");
3356       if (headless_env == NULL) {
3357         if (!add_property("java.awt.headless=true")) {
3358           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3359         }
3360       } else {
3361         char buffer[256];
3362         jio_snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer), "java.awt.headless=%s", headless_env);
3363         if (!add_property(buffer)) {
3364           return JNI_ENOMEM;
3365         }
3366       }
3367     }
3368   }
3369 
3370   if (UseConcMarkSweepGC && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseParNewGC) && !UseParNewGC) {
3371     // CMS can only be used with ParNew
3372     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseParNewGC, true);
3373   }
3374 
3375   if (!check_vm_args_consistency()) {
3376     return JNI_ERR;
3377   }
3378 
3379   return JNI_OK;
3380 }
3381 
3382 // Helper class for controlling the lifetime of JavaVMInitArgs
3383 // objects.  The contents of the JavaVMInitArgs are guaranteed to be
3384 // deleted on the destruction of the ScopedVMInitArgs object.
3385 class ScopedVMInitArgs : public StackObj {
3386  private:
3387   JavaVMInitArgs _args;
3388 
3389  public:
3390   ScopedVMInitArgs() {
3391     _args.version = JNI_VERSION_1_2;
3392     _args.nOptions = 0;
3393     _args.options = NULL;
3394     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = false;
3395   }
3396 
3397   // Populates the JavaVMInitArgs object represented by this
3398   // ScopedVMInitArgs object with the arguments in options.  The
3399   // allocated memory is deleted by the destructor.  If this method
3400   // returns anything other than JNI_OK, then this object is in a
3401   // partially constructed state, and should be abandoned.
3402   jint set_args(GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>* options) {
3403     JavaVMOption* options_arr = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY_RETURN_NULL(
3404         JavaVMOption, options->length(), mtInternal);
3405     if (options_arr == NULL) {
3406       return JNI_ENOMEM;
3407     }
3408     _args.options = options_arr;
3409 
3410     for (int i = 0; i < options->length(); i++) {
3411       options_arr[i] = options->at(i);
3412       options_arr[i].optionString = os::strdup(options_arr[i].optionString);
3413       if (options_arr[i].optionString == NULL) {
3414         // Rely on the destructor to do cleanup.
3415         _args.nOptions = i;
3416         return JNI_ENOMEM;
3417       }
3418     }
3419 
3420     _args.nOptions = options->length();
3421     _args.ignoreUnrecognized = IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions;
3422     return JNI_OK;
3423   }
3424 
3425   JavaVMInitArgs* get() { return &_args; }
3426 
3427   ~ScopedVMInitArgs() {
3428     if (_args.options == NULL) return;
3429     for (int i = 0; i < _args.nOptions; i++) {
3430       os::free(_args.options[i].optionString);
3431     }
3432     FREE_C_HEAP_ARRAY(JavaVMOption, _args.options);
3433   }
3434 };
3435 
3436 jint Arguments::parse_java_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3437   return parse_options_environment_variable("_JAVA_OPTIONS", args);
3438 }
3439 
3440 jint Arguments::parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(ScopedVMInitArgs* args) {
3441   return parse_options_environment_variable("JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS", args);
3442 }
3443 
3444 jint Arguments::parse_options_environment_variable(const char* name,
3445                                                    ScopedVMInitArgs* vm_args) {
3446   char *buffer = ::getenv(name);
3447 
3448   // Don't check this environment variable if user has special privileges
3449   // (e.g. unix su command).
3450   if (buffer == NULL || os::have_special_privileges()) {
3451     return JNI_OK;
3452   }
3453 
3454   if ((buffer = os::strdup(buffer)) == NULL) {
3455     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3456   }
3457 
3458   GrowableArray<JavaVMOption> *options = new (ResourceObj::C_HEAP, mtInternal) GrowableArray<JavaVMOption>(2, true);    // Construct option array
3459   jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3460               "Picked up %s: %s\n", name, buffer);
3461   char* rd = buffer;                        // pointer to the input string (rd)
3462   while (true) {                            // repeat for all options in the input string
3463     while (isspace(*rd)) rd++;              // skip whitespace
3464     if (*rd == 0) break;                    // we re done when the input string is read completely
3465 
3466     // The output, option string, overwrites the input string.
3467     // Because of quoting, the pointer to the option string (wrt) may lag the pointer to
3468     // input string (rd).
3469     char* wrt = rd;
3470 
3471     JavaVMOption option;
3472     option.optionString = wrt;
3473     options->append(option);                // Fill in option
3474     while (*rd != 0 && !isspace(*rd)) {     // unquoted strings terminate with a space or NULL
3475       if (*rd == '\'' || *rd == '"') {      // handle a quoted string
3476         int quote = *rd;                    // matching quote to look for
3477         rd++;                               // don't copy open quote
3478         while (*rd != quote) {              // include everything (even spaces) up until quote
3479           if (*rd == 0) {                   // string termination means unmatched string
3480             jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3481                         "Unmatched quote in %s\n", name);
3482             delete options;
3483             os::free(buffer);
3484             return JNI_ERR;
3485           }
3486           *wrt++ = *rd++;                   // copy to option string
3487         }
3488         rd++;                               // don't copy close quote
3489       } else {
3490         *wrt++ = *rd++;                     // copy to option string
3491       }
3492     }
3493     if (*rd != 0) {
3494       // In this case, the assignment to wrt below will make *rd nul,
3495       // which will interfere with the next loop iteration.
3496       rd++;
3497     }
3498     *wrt = 0;                               // Zero terminate option
3499   }
3500 
3501   // Fill out JavaVMInitArgs structure.
3502   jint status = vm_args->set_args(options);
3503 
3504   delete options;
3505   os::free(buffer);
3506   return status;
3507 }
3508 
3509 void Arguments::set_shared_spaces_flags() {
3510   if (DumpSharedSpaces) {
3511     if (RequireSharedSpaces) {
3512       warning("cannot dump shared archive while using shared archive");
3513     }
3514     UseSharedSpaces = false;
3515 #ifdef _LP64
3516     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3517       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3518         "Cannot dump shared archive when UseCompressedOops or UseCompressedClassPointers is off.", NULL);
3519     }
3520   } else {
3521     if (!UseCompressedOops || !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3522       no_shared_spaces("UseCompressedOops and UseCompressedClassPointers must be on for UseSharedSpaces.");
3523     }
3524 #endif
3525   }
3526 }
3527 
3528 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3529 static void force_serial_gc() {
3530   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSerialGC, true);
3531   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseG1GC);
3532   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParallelGC);
3533   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParallelOldGC);
3534   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseConcMarkSweepGC);
3535   UNSUPPORTED_GC_OPTION(UseParNewGC);
3536 }
3537 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3538 
3539 // Sharing support
3540 // Construct the path to the archive
3541 static char* get_shared_archive_path() {
3542   char *shared_archive_path;
3543   if (SharedArchiveFile == NULL) {
3544     char jvm_path[JVM_MAXPATHLEN];
3545     os::jvm_path(jvm_path, sizeof(jvm_path));
3546     char *end = strrchr(jvm_path, *os::file_separator());
3547     if (end != NULL) *end = '\0';
3548     size_t jvm_path_len = strlen(jvm_path);
3549     size_t file_sep_len = strlen(os::file_separator());
3550     const size_t len = jvm_path_len + file_sep_len + 20;
3551     shared_archive_path = NEW_C_HEAP_ARRAY(char, len, mtInternal);
3552     if (shared_archive_path != NULL) {
3553       jio_snprintf(shared_archive_path, len, "%s%sclasses.jsa",
3554         jvm_path, os::file_separator());
3555     }
3556   } else {
3557     shared_archive_path = os::strdup_check_oom(SharedArchiveFile, mtInternal);
3558   }
3559   return shared_archive_path;
3560 }
3561 
3562 #ifndef PRODUCT
3563 // Determine whether LogVMOutput should be implicitly turned on.
3564 static bool use_vm_log() {
3565   if (LogCompilation || !FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogFile) ||
3566       PrintCompilation || PrintInlining || PrintDependencies || PrintNativeNMethods ||
3567       PrintDebugInfo || PrintRelocations || PrintNMethods || PrintExceptionHandlers ||
3568       PrintAssembly || TraceDeoptimization || TraceDependencies ||
3569       (VerifyDependencies && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(VerifyDependencies))) {
3570     return true;
3571   }
3572 
3573 #ifdef COMPILER1
3574   if (PrintC1Statistics) {
3575     return true;
3576   }
3577 #endif // COMPILER1
3578 
3579 #ifdef COMPILER2
3580   if (PrintOptoAssembly || PrintOptoStatistics) {
3581     return true;
3582   }
3583 #endif // COMPILER2
3584 
3585   return false;
3586 }
3587 #endif // PRODUCT
3588 
3589 static jint match_special_option_and_act(const JavaVMInitArgs* args,
3590                                         char** flags_file) {
3591   // Remaining part of option string
3592   const char* tail;
3593 
3594   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3595     const JavaVMOption* option = args->options + index;
3596     if (ArgumentsExt::process_options(option)) {
3597       continue;
3598     }
3599     if (match_option(option, "-XX:Flags=", &tail)) {
3600       *flags_file = (char *) tail;
3601       continue;
3602     }
3603     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintVMOptions")) {
3604       PrintVMOptions = true;
3605       continue;
3606     }
3607     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-PrintVMOptions")) {
3608       PrintVMOptions = false;
3609       continue;
3610     }
3611     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3612       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = true;
3613       continue;
3614     }
3615     if (match_option(option, "-XX:-IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions")) {
3616       IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions = false;
3617       continue;
3618     }
3619     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsInitial")) {
3620       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, false);
3621       vm_exit(0);
3622     }
3623     if (match_option(option, "-XX:NativeMemoryTracking", &tail)) {
3624 #if INCLUDE_NMT
3625       // The launcher did not setup nmt environment variable properly.
3626       if (!MemTracker::check_launcher_nmt_support(tail)) {
3627         warning("Native Memory Tracking did not setup properly, using wrong launcher?");
3628       }
3629 
3630       // Verify if nmt option is valid.
3631       if (MemTracker::verify_nmt_option()) {
3632         // Late initialization, still in single-threaded mode.
3633         if (MemTracker::tracking_level() >= NMT_summary) {
3634           MemTracker::init();
3635         }
3636       } else {
3637         vm_exit_during_initialization("Syntax error, expecting -XX:NativeMemoryTracking=[off|summary|detail]", NULL);
3638       }
3639       continue;
3640 #else
3641       jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3642         "Native Memory Tracking is not supported in this VM\n");
3643       return JNI_ERR;
3644 #endif
3645     }
3646 
3647 #ifndef PRODUCT
3648     if (match_option(option, "-XX:+PrintFlagsWithComments")) {
3649       CommandLineFlags::printFlags(tty, true);
3650       vm_exit(0);
3651     }
3652 #endif
3653   }
3654   return JNI_OK;
3655 }
3656 
3657 static void print_options(const JavaVMInitArgs *args) {
3658   const char* tail;
3659   for (int index = 0; index < args->nOptions; index++) {
3660     const JavaVMOption *option = args->options + index;
3661     if (match_option(option, "-XX:", &tail)) {
3662       logOption(tail);
3663     }
3664   }
3665 }
3666 
3667 // Parse entry point called from JNI_CreateJavaVM
3668 
3669 jint Arguments::parse(const JavaVMInitArgs* args) {
3670 
3671   // Initialize ranges and constraints
3672   CommandLineFlagRangeList::init();
3673   CommandLineFlagConstraintList::init();
3674 
3675   // If flag "-XX:Flags=flags-file" is used it will be the first option to be processed.
3676   const char* hotspotrc = ".hotspotrc";
3677   char* flags_file = NULL;
3678   bool settings_file_specified = false;
3679   bool needs_hotspotrc_warning = false;
3680   ScopedVMInitArgs java_tool_options_args;
3681   ScopedVMInitArgs java_options_args;
3682 
3683   jint code =
3684       parse_java_tool_options_environment_variable(&java_tool_options_args);
3685   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3686     return code;
3687   }
3688 
3689   code = parse_java_options_environment_variable(&java_options_args);
3690   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3691     return code;
3692   }
3693 
3694   code =
3695       match_special_option_and_act(java_tool_options_args.get(), &flags_file);
3696   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3697     return code;
3698   }
3699 
3700   code = match_special_option_and_act(args, &flags_file);
3701   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3702     return code;
3703   }
3704 
3705   code = match_special_option_and_act(java_options_args.get(), &flags_file);
3706   if (code != JNI_OK) {
3707     return code;
3708   }
3709 
3710   settings_file_specified = (flags_file != NULL);
3711 
3712   if (IgnoreUnrecognizedVMOptions) {
3713     // uncast const to modify the flag args->ignoreUnrecognized
3714     *(jboolean*)(&args->ignoreUnrecognized) = true;
3715     java_tool_options_args.get()->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3716     java_options_args.get()->ignoreUnrecognized = true;
3717   }
3718 
3719   // Parse specified settings file
3720   if (settings_file_specified) {
3721     if (!process_settings_file(flags_file, true, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3722       return JNI_EINVAL;
3723     }
3724   } else {
3725 #ifdef ASSERT
3726     // Parse default .hotspotrc settings file
3727     if (!process_settings_file(".hotspotrc", false, args->ignoreUnrecognized)) {
3728       return JNI_EINVAL;
3729     }
3730 #else
3731     struct stat buf;
3732     if (os::stat(hotspotrc, &buf) == 0) {
3733       needs_hotspotrc_warning = true;
3734     }
3735 #endif
3736   }
3737 
3738   if (PrintVMOptions) {
3739     print_options(java_tool_options_args.get());
3740     print_options(args);
3741     print_options(java_options_args.get());
3742   }
3743 
3744   // Parse JavaVMInitArgs structure passed in, as well as JAVA_TOOL_OPTIONS and _JAVA_OPTIONS
3745   jint result = parse_vm_init_args(java_tool_options_args.get(),
3746                                    java_options_args.get(), args);
3747 
3748   if (result != JNI_OK) {
3749     return result;
3750   }
3751 
3752   // Call get_shared_archive_path() here, after possible SharedArchiveFile option got parsed.
3753   SharedArchivePath = get_shared_archive_path();
3754   if (SharedArchivePath == NULL) {
3755     return JNI_ENOMEM;
3756   }
3757 
3758   // Set up VerifySharedSpaces
3759   if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(VerifySharedSpaces) && SharedArchiveFile != NULL) {
3760     VerifySharedSpaces = true;
3761   }
3762 
3763   // Delay warning until here so that we've had a chance to process
3764   // the -XX:-PrintWarnings flag
3765   if (needs_hotspotrc_warning) {
3766     warning("%s file is present but has been ignored.  "
3767             "Run with -XX:Flags=%s to load the file.",
3768             hotspotrc, hotspotrc);
3769   }
3770 
3771 #if defined(_ALLBSD_SOURCE) || defined(AIX)  // UseLargePages is not yet supported on BSD and AIX.
3772   UNSUPPORTED_OPTION(UseLargePages, "-XX:+UseLargePages");
3773 #endif
3774 
3775   ArgumentsExt::report_unsupported_options();
3776 
3777 #ifndef PRODUCT
3778   if (TraceBytecodesAt != 0) {
3779     TraceBytecodes = true;
3780   }
3781   if (CountCompiledCalls) {
3782     if (UseCounterDecay) {
3783       warning("UseCounterDecay disabled because CountCalls is set");
3784       UseCounterDecay = false;
3785     }
3786   }
3787 #endif // PRODUCT
3788 
3789   if (ScavengeRootsInCode == 0) {
3790     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(ScavengeRootsInCode)) {
3791       warning("forcing ScavengeRootsInCode non-zero");
3792     }
3793     ScavengeRootsInCode = 1;
3794   }
3795 
3796   if (PrintGCDetails) {
3797     // Turn on -verbose:gc options as well
3798     PrintGC = true;
3799   }
3800 
3801   // Set object alignment values.
3802   set_object_alignment();
3803 
3804 #if !INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3805   force_serial_gc();
3806 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
3807 #if !INCLUDE_CDS
3808   if (DumpSharedSpaces || RequireSharedSpaces) {
3809     jio_fprintf(defaultStream::error_stream(),
3810       "Shared spaces are not supported in this VM\n");
3811     return JNI_ERR;
3812   }
3813   if ((UseSharedSpaces && FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseSharedSpaces)) || PrintSharedSpaces) {
3814     warning("Shared spaces are not supported in this VM");
3815     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseSharedSpaces, false);
3816     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(PrintSharedSpaces, false);
3817   }
3818   no_shared_spaces("CDS Disabled");
3819 #endif // INCLUDE_CDS
3820 
3821   return JNI_OK;
3822 }
3823 
3824 jint Arguments::apply_ergo() {
3825 
3826   // Set flags based on ergonomics.
3827   set_ergonomics_flags();
3828 
3829   set_shared_spaces_flags();
3830 
3831   // Check the GC selections again.
3832   if (!check_gc_consistency()) {
3833     return JNI_EINVAL;
3834   }
3835 
3836   if (TieredCompilation) {
3837     set_tiered_flags();
3838   } else {
3839     int max_compilation_policy_choice = 1;
3840 #ifdef COMPILER2
3841     max_compilation_policy_choice = 2;
3842 #endif
3843     // Check if the policy is valid.
3844     if (CompilationPolicyChoice >= max_compilation_policy_choice) {
3845       vm_exit_during_initialization(
3846         "Incompatible compilation policy selected", NULL);
3847     }
3848     // Scale CompileThreshold
3849     // CompileThresholdScaling == 0.0 is equivalent to -Xint and leaves CompileThreshold unchanged.
3850     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(CompileThresholdScaling) && CompileThresholdScaling > 0.0) {
3851       FLAG_SET_ERGO(intx, CompileThreshold, scaled_compile_threshold(CompileThreshold));
3852     }
3853   }
3854 
3855 #ifdef COMPILER2
3856 #ifndef PRODUCT
3857   if (PrintIdealGraphLevel > 0) {
3858     FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, PrintIdealGraph, true);
3859   }
3860 #endif
3861 #endif
3862 
3863   // Set heap size based on available physical memory
3864   set_heap_size();
3865 
3866   ArgumentsExt::set_gc_specific_flags();
3867 
3868   // Initialize Metaspace flags and alignments
3869   Metaspace::ergo_initialize();
3870 
3871   // Set bytecode rewriting flags
3872   set_bytecode_flags();
3873 
3874   // Set flags if Aggressive optimization flags (-XX:+AggressiveOpts) enabled
3875   set_aggressive_opts_flags();
3876 
3877   // Turn off biased locking for locking debug mode flags,
3878   // which are subtly different from each other but neither works with
3879   // biased locking
3880   if (UseHeavyMonitors
3881 #ifdef COMPILER1
3882       || !UseFastLocking
3883 #endif // COMPILER1
3884     ) {
3885     if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking) && UseBiasedLocking) {
3886       // flag set to true on command line; warn the user that they
3887       // can't enable biased locking here
3888       warning("Biased Locking is not supported with locking debug flags"
3889               "; ignoring UseBiasedLocking flag." );
3890     }
3891     UseBiasedLocking = false;
3892   }
3893 
3894 #ifdef ZERO
3895   // Clear flags not supported on zero.
3896   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(ProfileInterpreter, false);
3897   FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseBiasedLocking, false);
3898   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedOops, false));
3899   LP64_ONLY(FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(UseCompressedClassPointers, false));
3900 #endif // CC_INTERP
3901 
3902 #ifdef COMPILER2
3903   if (!EliminateLocks) {
3904     EliminateNestedLocks = false;
3905   }
3906   if (!Inline) {
3907     IncrementalInline = false;
3908   }
3909 #ifndef PRODUCT
3910   if (!IncrementalInline) {
3911     AlwaysIncrementalInline = false;
3912   }
3913 #endif
3914   if (!UseTypeSpeculation && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel)) {
3915     // nothing to use the profiling, turn if off
3916     FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(TypeProfileLevel, 0);
3917   }
3918 #endif
3919 
3920   if (PrintAssembly && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(DebugNonSafepoints)) {
3921     warning("PrintAssembly is enabled; turning on DebugNonSafepoints to gain additional output");
3922     DebugNonSafepoints = true;
3923   }
3924 
3925   if (FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(CompressedClassSpaceSize) && !UseCompressedClassPointers) {
3926     warning("Setting CompressedClassSpaceSize has no effect when compressed class pointers are not used");
3927   }
3928 
3929 #ifndef PRODUCT
3930   if (!LogVMOutput && FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(LogVMOutput)) {
3931     if (use_vm_log()) {
3932       LogVMOutput = true;
3933     }
3934   }
3935 #endif // PRODUCT
3936 
3937   if (PrintCommandLineFlags) {
3938     CommandLineFlags::printSetFlags(tty);
3939   }
3940 
3941   // Apply CPU specific policy for the BiasedLocking
3942   if (UseBiasedLocking) {
3943     if (!VM_Version::use_biased_locking() &&
3944         !(FLAG_IS_CMDLINE(UseBiasedLocking))) {
3945       UseBiasedLocking = false;
3946     }
3947   }
3948 #ifdef COMPILER2
3949   if (!UseBiasedLocking || EmitSync != 0) {
3950     UseOptoBiasInlining = false;
3951   }
3952 #endif
3953 
3954   return JNI_OK;
3955 }
3956 
3957 jint Arguments::adjust_after_os() {
3958   if (UseNUMA) {
3959     if (UseParallelGC || UseParallelOldGC) {
3960       if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes)) {
3961          FLAG_SET_DEFAULT(MinHeapDeltaBytes, 64*M);
3962       }
3963     }
3964     // UseNUMAInterleaving is set to ON for all collectors and
3965     // platforms when UseNUMA is set to ON. NUMA-aware collectors
3966     // such as the parallel collector for Linux and Solaris will
3967     // interleave old gen and survivor spaces on top of NUMA
3968     // allocation policy for the eden space.
3969     // Non NUMA-aware collectors such as CMS, G1 and Serial-GC on
3970     // all platforms and ParallelGC on Windows will interleave all
3971     // of the heap spaces across NUMA nodes.
3972     if (FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(UseNUMAInterleaving)) {
3973       FLAG_SET_ERGO(bool, UseNUMAInterleaving, true);
3974     }
3975   }
3976   return JNI_OK;
3977 }
3978 
3979 int Arguments::PropertyList_count(SystemProperty* pl) {
3980   int count = 0;
3981   while(pl != NULL) {
3982     count++;
3983     pl = pl->next();
3984   }
3985   return count;
3986 }
3987 
3988 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value(SystemProperty *pl, const char* key) {
3989   assert(key != NULL, "just checking");
3990   SystemProperty* prop;
3991   for (prop = pl; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
3992     if (strcmp(key, prop->key()) == 0) return prop->value();
3993   }
3994   return NULL;
3995 }
3996 
3997 const char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_key_at(SystemProperty *pl, int index) {
3998   int count = 0;
3999   const char* ret_val = NULL;
4000 
4001   while(pl != NULL) {
4002     if(count >= index) {
4003       ret_val = pl->key();
4004       break;
4005     }
4006     count++;
4007     pl = pl->next();
4008   }
4009 
4010   return ret_val;
4011 }
4012 
4013 char* Arguments::PropertyList_get_value_at(SystemProperty* pl, int index) {
4014   int count = 0;
4015   char* ret_val = NULL;
4016 
4017   while(pl != NULL) {
4018     if(count >= index) {
4019       ret_val = pl->value();
4020       break;
4021     }
4022     count++;
4023     pl = pl->next();
4024   }
4025 
4026   return ret_val;
4027 }
4028 
4029 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, SystemProperty *new_p) {
4030   SystemProperty* p = *plist;
4031   if (p == NULL) {
4032     *plist = new_p;
4033   } else {
4034     while (p->next() != NULL) {
4035       p = p->next();
4036     }
4037     p->set_next(new_p);
4038   }
4039 }
4040 
4041 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v) {
4042   if (plist == NULL)
4043     return;
4044 
4045   SystemProperty* new_p = new SystemProperty(k, v, true);
4046   PropertyList_add(plist, new_p);
4047 }
4048 
4049 void Arguments::PropertyList_add(SystemProperty *element) {
4050   PropertyList_add(&_system_properties, element);
4051 }
4052 
4053 // This add maintains unique property key in the list.
4054 void Arguments::PropertyList_unique_add(SystemProperty** plist, const char* k, char* v, jboolean append) {
4055   if (plist == NULL)
4056     return;
4057 
4058   // If property key exist then update with new value.
4059   SystemProperty* prop;
4060   for (prop = *plist; prop != NULL; prop = prop->next()) {
4061     if (strcmp(k, prop->key()) == 0) {
4062       if (append) {
4063         prop->append_value(v);
4064       } else {
4065         prop->set_value(v);
4066       }
4067       return;
4068     }
4069   }
4070 
4071   PropertyList_add(plist, k, v);
4072 }
4073 
4074 // Copies src into buf, replacing "%%" with "%" and "%p" with pid
4075 // Returns true if all of the source pointed by src has been copied over to
4076 // the destination buffer pointed by buf. Otherwise, returns false.
4077 // Notes:
4078 // 1. If the length (buflen) of the destination buffer excluding the
4079 // NULL terminator character is not long enough for holding the expanded
4080 // pid characters, it also returns false instead of returning the partially
4081 // expanded one.
4082 // 2. The passed in "buflen" should be large enough to hold the null terminator.
4083 bool Arguments::copy_expand_pid(const char* src, size_t srclen,
4084                                 char* buf, size_t buflen) {
4085   const char* p = src;
4086   char* b = buf;
4087   const char* src_end = &src[srclen];
4088   char* buf_end = &buf[buflen - 1];
4089 
4090   while (p < src_end && b < buf_end) {
4091     if (*p == '%') {
4092       switch (*(++p)) {
4093       case '%':         // "%%" ==> "%"
4094         *b++ = *p++;
4095         break;
4096       case 'p':  {       //  "%p" ==> current process id
4097         // buf_end points to the character before the last character so
4098         // that we could write '\0' to the end of the buffer.
4099         size_t buf_sz = buf_end - b + 1;
4100         int ret = jio_snprintf(b, buf_sz, "%d", os::current_process_id());
4101 
4102         // if jio_snprintf fails or the buffer is not long enough to hold
4103         // the expanded pid, returns false.
4104         if (ret < 0 || ret >= (int)buf_sz) {
4105           return false;
4106         } else {
4107           b += ret;
4108           assert(*b == '\0', "fail in copy_expand_pid");
4109           if (p == src_end && b == buf_end + 1) {
4110             // reach the end of the buffer.
4111             return true;
4112           }
4113         }
4114         p++;
4115         break;
4116       }
4117       default :
4118         *b++ = '%';
4119       }
4120     } else {
4121       *b++ = *p++;
4122     }
4123   }
4124   *b = '\0';
4125   return (p == src_end); // return false if not all of the source was copied
4126 }