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+ <meta charset="utf-8"/>
+ <title>TIFF Metadata Format Specification and Usage Notes</title>
+</head>
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-Copyright (c) 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
+Copyright (c) 2015, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
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@@ -24,97 +27,78 @@
Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
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-->
-<title>TIFF Metadata Format Specification and Usage Notes</title>
-</head>
+<body>
-<body bgcolor="white">
+<h1>TIFF Metadata Format Specification and Usage Notes</h1>
-<center><h1>
-TIFF Metadata Format Specification and Usage Notes
-</h1></center>
-
- <p>
-<a href="#Reading">Reading Images</a><br/>
-<font size="-1">
+<a href="#Reading">Reading Images</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#ColorConversionRead">Color Conversion</a></li>
<li><a href="#ColorSpacesRead">Color Spaces</a></li>
<li><a href="#ICCProfilesRead">ICC Profiles</a></li>
<li><a href="#MetadataIssuesRead">Metadata Issues</a>
-<font size="-2">
<ul>
<li><a href="#MapNativeStandard">Native to Standard Metadata Mapping</a></li>
</ul>
-</font>
</li>
<li><a href="#ExifRead">Reading Exif Images</a>
-<font size="-2">
<ul>
<li><a href="#ExifReadTIFF">Reading Uncompressed Exif Images</a></li>
<li><a href="#ExifReadJPEG">Reading Compressed Exif Images</a></li>
</ul>
-</font>
</li>
</ul>
-</font>
<a href="#Writing">Writing Images</a><br/>
-<font size="-1">
<ul>
<li><a href="#Compression">Compression</a></li>
<li><a href="#ColorConversionWrite">Color Conversion</a></li>
<li><a href="#ICCProfilesWrite">ICC Profiles</a></li>
-<li><a href="#MetadataIssuesWrite">Metadata Issues</a></li>
-<font size="-2">
+<li><a href="#MetadataIssuesWrite">Metadata Issues</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#MapStandardNative">Standard to Native Metadata Mapping</a></li>
</ul>
-</font>
<li><a href="#ExifWrite">Writing Exif Images</a>
-<font size="-2">
<ul>
<li><a href="#ExifWriteTIFF">Writing Uncompressed Exif Images</a></li>
<li><a href="#ExifWriteJPEG">Writing Compressed Exif Images</a></li>
</ul>
-</font>
</li>
</ul>
-</font>
<a href="#StreamMetadata">Native Stream Metadata Format</a><br/>
<a href="#ImageMetadata">Native Image Metadata Format</a>
-</p>
-<h3><a name="Reading"/>Reading Images</h3>
+<h3><a id="Reading">Reading Images</a></h3>
TIFF images are read by an <a href="../../ImageReader.html">ImageReader</a>
which may be controlled by its public interface as well as via a supplied
<a href="../../plugins/tiff/TIFFImageReadParam.html">TIFFImageReadParam</a>.
<!-- <h4>Supported Image Types</h4> -->
<!-- Table? -->
-<h4><a name="ColorConversionRead"/>Color Conversion</h4>
+<h4><a id="ColorConversionRead">Color Conversion</a></h4>
<p>If the source image data
have photometric type CIE L*a*b* or YCbCr, and the destination color space
type is RGB, then the source image data will be automatically converted to
RGB using an internal color converter.</p>
-<h4><a name="ColorSpacesRead"/>Color Spaces</h4>
+<h4><a id="ColorSpacesRead">Color Spaces</a></h4>
The raw color space assigned by default, i.e., in the absence of a
user-supplied <a href="../../ImageTypeSpecifier.html">ImageTypeSpecifier</a>,
will be the first among the following which applies:
<ul>
<li>A color space created from the <a href="#ICCProfilesRead">ICC Profile</a>
metadata field if it is present and compatible with the image data
layout.</li>
-<a name="nonICCProfile"><li>sRGB if the image is monochrome/bilevel
+<li><a id="nonICCProfile"></a>sRGB if the image is monochrome/bilevel
(a two-level color map is created internally).</li>
<li>sRGB if the image is palette-color.</li>
<li>Linear RGB if the image has three samples per pixel, has photometric type
CIE L*a*b*, or has photometric type YCbCr and is <i>not</i>
JPEG-compressed.</li>
@@ -134,11 +118,11 @@
<li>A fabricated, <a href="#GenericCS">generic color space</a> if the image
has more than four samples per pixel regardless of the number of bits per
sample.</li>
</ul>
-<p><a name="DefaultCMYK"/>The normalized color coordinate transformations
+<p><a id="DefaultCMYK"></a>The normalized color coordinate transformations
used for the default CMYK color space are defined as follows:
<ul>
<li>CMYK to linear RGB
<pre>
@@ -158,22 +142,21 @@
C = M = Y = 0
}
</pre>
</li>
</ul>
-</p>
-<p><a name="GenericCS"/>The generic color space used when no other color space
+<p><a id="GenericCS"></a>The generic color space used when no other color space
can be inferred is provided merely to enable the data to be loaded. It is not
intended to provide accurate conversions of any kind.</p>
<p>If the data are known to be in a color space not correctly handled by the
foregoing, then an <code>ImageTypeSpecifier</code> should be
supplied to the reader and should be derived from a color space which is correct
for the data in question.</p>
-<h4><a name="ICCProfilesRead"/>ICC Profiles</h4>
+<h4><a id="ICCProfilesRead">ICC Profiles</a></h4>
If an ICC profile is contained in the image metadata
(<a href="../../plugins/tiff/BaselineTIFFTagSet.html">
BaselineTIFFTagSet</a>.TAG_ICC_PROFILE, tag number 34675),
an attempt will be made to use it to create the color space
@@ -201,22 +184,21 @@
<li>Create a compatible <a href="../../ImageReadParam.html">ImageReadParam</a>
and set the <code>ImageTypeSpecifier</code> using
<code>ImageReadParam.setDestinationType</code>.</li>
<li>Pass the parameter object to the appropriate <code>read</code> method.</li>
</ol>
-</p>
<p>If the inferred color space not based on the ICC Profile field is compatible
with the ICC profile-based color space, then a second
<code>ImageTypeSpecifier</code> derived from this inferred color
space will be included in the
<a href="../../../../java/util/Iterator.html">Iterator</a> returned by
<code>ImageReader.getImageTypes</code>. If the iterator contains
more than one type, the first one will be based on the ICC profile and the
second on the inferred color space.</p>
-<h4><a name="MetadataIssuesRead"/>Metadata Issues</h4>
+<h4><a id="MetadataIssuesRead">Metadata Issues</a></h4>
By default all recognized fields in the TIFF image file directory (IFD) are
loaded into the native image metadata object. Which fields are loaded may be
controlled by setting which TIFF tags the reader is allowed to recognize,
whether to read fields with unrecognized tags, and whether to ignore all
@@ -242,78 +224,77 @@
object may simplify gaining access to metadata values. An instance of
<code>TIFFDirectory</code> may be created from the <code>IIOMetadata</code>
object returned by the TIFF reader using the
<code>TIFFDirectory.createFromMetadata</code> method.</p>
-<h5><a name="MapNativeStandard"/>
+<h5><a id="MapNativeStandard"></a>
Mapping of TIFF Native Image Metadata to the Standard Metadata Format</h5>
The derivation of standard metadata format
<a href="standard_metadata.html">javax_imageio_1.0</a>
elements from <a href="#ImageMetadata">TIFF native image metadata</a> is given
in the following table.
-<p>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>Standard Metadata Element</th>
<th>Derivation from TIFF Fields</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>/Chroma/ColorSpaceType@name</td>
<td>PhotometricInterpretation: WhiteIsZero, BlackIsZero, TransparencyMask =
-"GRAY"; RGB, PaletteColor => "RGB"; CMYK => "CMYK";
-YCbCr => "YCbCr";
-CIELab, ICCLab => "Lab".</td>
+"GRAY"; RGB, PaletteColor => "RGB"; CMYK => "CMYK";
+YCbCr => "YCbCr";
+CIELab, ICCLab => "Lab".</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>/Chroma/NumChannels@value</td>
<td>SamplesPerPixel</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>/Chroma/BlackIsZero@value</td>
-<td>"TRUE" <=> PhotometricInterpretation => WhiteIsZero</td>
+<td>"TRUE" <=> PhotometricInterpretation => WhiteIsZero</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>/Chroma/Palette</td>
<td>ColorMap</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>/Compression/CompressionTypeName@value</td>
-<td>Compression: Uncompressed => "none"; CCITT 1D => "CCITT
+<td>Compression: Uncompressed => "none"; CCITT 1D => "CCITT
RLE";
-Group 3 Fax => "CCITT T.4"; Group 4 Fax => "CCITT T.6";
-LZW => "LZW";
-JPEG => "Old JPEG"; New JPEG => "JPEG"; Zlib =>> "ZLib"; PackBits =>
+Group 3 Fax => "CCITT T.4"; Group 4 Fax => "CCITT T.6";
+LZW => "LZW";
+JPEG => "Old JPEG"; New JPEG => "JPEG"; Zlib =>> "ZLib"; PackBits =>
"PackBits";
-Deflate => "Deflate"; Exif JPEG => "JPEG".</td>
+Deflate => "Deflate"; Exif JPEG => "JPEG".</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>/Compression/Lossless@value</td>
-<td>Compression: JPEG or New JPEG => "FALSE"; otherwise "TRUE".</td>
+<td>Compression: JPEG or New JPEG => "FALSE"; otherwise "TRUE".</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>/Data/PlanarConfiguration@value</td>
-<td>Chunky => "PixelInterleaved"; Planar => "PlaneInterleaved".</td>
+<td>Chunky => "PixelInterleaved"; Planar => "PlaneInterleaved".</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>/Data/SampleFormat@value</td>
-<td>PhotometricInterpretation PaletteColor => "Index";
-SampleFormat unsigned integer data => "UnsignedIntegral";
-SampleFormat two's complement signed integer data => "SignedIntegral";
-SampleFormat IEEE floating point data => "Real";
+<td>PhotometricInterpretation PaletteColor => "Index";
+SampleFormat unsigned integer data => "UnsignedIntegral";
+SampleFormat two's complement signed integer data => "SignedIntegral";
+SampleFormat IEEE floating point data => "Real";
otherwise element not emitted.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>/Data/BitsPerSample@value</td>
<td>BitsPerSample as a space-separated list.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>/Data/SampleMSB@value</td>
-<td>FillOrder: left-to-right => space-separated list of BitsPerSample-1;
-right-to-left => space-separated list of 0s.</td>
+<td>FillOrder: left-to-right => space-separated list of BitsPerSample-1;
+right-to-left => space-separated list of 0s.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>/Dimension/PixelAspectRatio@value</td>
<td>(1/XResolution)/(1/YResolution)</td>
</tr>
@@ -341,13 +322,13 @@
<td>/Document/FormatVersion@value</td>
<td>6.0</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>/Document/SubimageInterpretation@value</td>
-<td>NewSubFileType: transparency => "TransparencyMask";
-reduced-resolution => "ReducedResolution";
-single page => "SinglePage".</td>
+<td>NewSubFileType: transparency => "TransparencyMask";
+reduced-resolution => "ReducedResolution";
+single page => "SinglePage".</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>/Document/ImageCreationTime@value</td>
<td>DateTime</td>
</tr>
@@ -355,28 +336,27 @@
<td>/Text/TextEntry</td>
<td>DocumentName, ImageDescription, Make, Model, PageName, Software,
Artist, HostComputer, InkNames, Copyright:
/Text/TextEntry@keyword = field name,
/Text/TextEntry@value = field value.<br>
-Example: TIFF Software field => /Text/TextEntry@keyword = "Software",
+Example: TIFF Software field => /Text/TextEntry@keyword = "Software",
/Text/TextEntry@value = Name and version number of the software package(s)
used to create the image.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>/Transparency/Alpha@value</td>
-<td>ExtraSamples: associated alpha => "premultiplied";
-unassociated alpha => "nonpremultiplied".</td>
+<td>ExtraSamples: associated alpha => "premultiplied";
+unassociated alpha => "nonpremultiplied".</td>
</tr>
</table>
-</p>
-<h4><a name="ExifRead"/>Reading Exif Images</h4>
+<h4><a id="ExifRead">Reading Exif Images</a></h4>
The TIFF reader may be used to read an uncompressed Exif image or the
-contents of the <tt>APP1</tt> marker segment of a compressed Exif image.
+contents of the <code>APP1</code> marker segment of a compressed Exif image.
-<h5><a name="ExifReadTIFF"/>Reading Uncompressed Exif Images</h5>
+<h5><a id="ExifReadTIFF">Reading Uncompressed Exif Images</a></h5>
An uncompressed Exif image is a one- or two-page uncompressed TIFF image
with a specific ordering of its IFD and image data content. Each pixel
has three 8-bit samples with photometric interpretation RGB or YCbCr.
The image stream must contain a single primary image and may contain a
@@ -404,29 +384,29 @@
Note that the Exif thumbnail is treated as a separate page in the TIFF
stream and not as a thumbnail, i.e.,
<code>tiffReader.hasThumbnails(0)</code> will return <code>false</code>.
-<h5><a name="ExifReadJPEG"/>Reading Compressed Exif Images</h5>
+<h5><a id="ExifReadJPEG">Reading Compressed Exif Images</a></h5>
A compressed Exif image is a 3-band ISO/IEC 10918-1 baseline DCT JPEG stream
-with an inserted <tt>APP1</tt> marker segment. The parameters of the marker
+with an inserted <code>APP1</code> marker segment. The parameters of the marker
segment after the length are the 6-byte sequence
-<code>{'E', 'x', 'i', 'f', 0x00, 0x00}</code></code>
+<code>{'E', 'x', 'i', 'f', 0x00, 0x00}</code>
followed by a complete TIFF stream. The embedded TIFF stream contains a primary
IFD describing the JPEG image optionally followed by a thumbnail IFD and
compressed or uncompressed thumbnail image data. Note that the embedded TIFF
stream does not contain any image data associated with the primary IFD
nor any descriptive fields which duplicate information found in the JPEG
stream itself.
-<p>The parameter content of the <tt>APP1</tt> marker segment may be obtained
+<p>The parameter content of the <code>APP1</code> marker segment may be obtained
from the user object of the associated <code>Node</code> in a
-<tt>javax_imageio_jpeg_image_1.0</tt> native image metadata tree extracted
+<code>javax_imageio_jpeg_image_1.0</code> native image metadata tree extracted
from the image metadata object returned by the JPEG reader. This APP1 Exif
node will be a child of the node named "markerSequence" and will
-have name <tt>unknown</tt> and an attribute named <tt>MarkerTag</tt> with
+have name <code>unknown</code> and an attribute named <code>MarkerTag</code> with
integral value <code>0xE1</code> (<code>String</code> value
<code>"225"</code>). The user object of this node will be a byte array
which starts with the six bytes <code>{'E', 'x', 'i', 'f', '0', '0'}</code>.
The primary IFD and the thumbnail IFD and image may be
read from the user object by the usual <code>ImageReader</code>
@@ -470,21 +450,20 @@
Note that <code>tiffReader.getNumImages(true)</code> returns the number of
IFDs in the embedded TIFF stream including those corresponding to empty
images. Calling <code>tiffReader.read(0, readParam)</code> will throw
an exception as the primary image in the embedded TIFF stream is always
empty; the primary image should be obtained using the JPEG reader itself.
-</p>
-<h3><a name="Writing"/>Writing Images</h3>
+<h3><a id="Writing">Writing Images</a></h3>
TIFF images are written by a <a href="../../ImageWriter.html">ImageWriter</a> which may be
controlled by its public interface as well as via a supplied
<a href="../../ImageWriteParam.html">ImageWriteParam</a>. For an <code>ImageWriteParam</code> returned
by the <code>getDefaultWriteParam()</code> method of the TIFF <code>ImageWriter</code>,
the <code>canWriteTiles()</code> and <code>canWriteCompressed()</code> methods
will return <code>true</code>; the <code>canOffsetTiles()</code> and
-<code>canWriteProgressive()</code> methods will return <code>false</code>.</p>
+<code>canWriteProgressive()</code> methods will return <code>false</code>.
The TIFF writer supports many optional capabilities including writing tiled
images, inserting images, writing or inserting empty images, and replacing image
data. Pixels may be replaced in either empty or non-empty images but if and
only if the data are not compressed.
@@ -500,11 +479,11 @@
<!-- <h4>Supported Image Types</h4> -->
<!-- Table? -->
-<h4><a name="Compression"/>Compression</h4>
+<h4><a id="Compression">Compression</a></h4>
The compression type may be set via the <code>setCompressionType()</code> method of
the <code>ImageWriteParam</code> after setting the compression mode to
<code>MODE_EXPLICIT</code>. The set of innately
supported compression types is listed in the following table:
@@ -592,134 +571,133 @@
replacement capability of the TIFF writer.
</p>
<p> If ZLib/Deflate or JPEG compression is used, the compression quality
may be set. For ZLib/Deflate the supplied floating point quality value is
-rescaled to the range <tt>[1, 9]</tt> and truncated to an integer
+rescaled to the range <code>[1, 9]</code> and truncated to an integer
to derive the Deflate compression level. For JPEG the floating point
quality value is passed directly to the JPEG writer plug-in which
interprets it in the usual way.</p>
-<h4><a name="ColorConversionWrite"/>Color Conversion</h4>
+<h4><a id="ColorConversionWrite">Color Conversion</a></h4>
<p>If the source image data
color space type is RGB, and the destination photometric type is CIE L*a*b* or
YCbCr, then the source image data will be automatically converted from
RGB using an internal color converter.</p>
-<h4><a name="ICCProfilesWrite"/>ICC Profiles</h4>
+<h4><a id="ICCProfilesWrite">ICC Profiles</a></h4>
-An <tt>ICC Profile</tt> field will be written if either:
+An <code>ICC Profile</code> field will be written if either:
<ul>
<li>one is present in the native image metadata
<a href="../IIOMetadata.html">IIOMetadata</a> instance supplied to the writer,
or</li>
<li>the <a href="../../../../java/awt/color/ColorSpace.html">ColorSpace</a>
of the destination <code>ImageTypeSpecifier</code> is an instance of
<code>ICC_ColorSpace</code> which is not one of the standard
-color spaces defined by the <tt>CS_*</tt> constants in the
+color spaces defined by the <code>CS_*</code> constants in the
<code>ColorSpace</code> class. The destination type is set via
<code>ImageWriteParam.setDestinationType(ImageTypeSpecifier)</code> and defaults
to the <code>ImageTypeSpecifier</code> of the image being written.
</li>
</ul>
-<h4><a name="MetadataIssuesWrite"/>Metadata Issues</h4>
+<h4><a id="MetadataIssuesWrite">Metadata Issues</a></h4>
Some behavior of the writer is affected by or may affect the contents of
the image metadata which may be supplied by the user.
-<p>For bilevel images, the <tt>FillOrder</tt>, and <tt>T4Options</tt>
+<p>For bilevel images, the <code>FillOrder</code>, and <code>T4Options</code>
fields affect the output data. The data will be filled right-to-left if
-<tt>FillOrder</tt> is present with a value of 2
+<code>FillOrder</code> is present with a value of 2
(<code>BaselineTIFFTagSet.FILL_ORDER_RIGHT_TO_LEFT</code>)
-and will be filled left-to-right otherwise. The value of <tt>T4Options</tt>
+and will be filled left-to-right otherwise. The value of <code>T4Options</code>
specifies whether the data should be 1D- or 2D-encoded and whether EOL
padding should be used.</p>
-<p>For all images the value of the <tt>RowsPerStrip</tt> field is used
+<p>For all images the value of the <code>RowsPerStrip</code> field is used
to the set the number of rows per strip if the image is not tiled. The
default number of rows per strip is either 8 or the number of rows which
would fill no more than 8 kilobytes, whichever is larger.</p>
-<p>For all images the tile dimensions may be set using the <tt>TileWidth</tt>
-and <tt>TileLength</tt> field values if the tiling mode is
+<p>For all images the tile dimensions may be set using the <code>TileWidth</code>
+and <code>TileLength</code> field values if the tiling mode is
<code>ImageWriteParam.MODE_COPY_FROM_METADATA</code>. If this mode
is set but the fields are not, their respective default values are the image
width and height.</p>
-<p>When using JPEG-in-TIFF compression, a <tt>JPEGTables</tt> field will be
+<p>When using JPEG-in-TIFF compression, a <code>JPEGTables</code> field will be
written to the IFD and abbreviated JPEG streams to each strip or tile if and
-only if a <tt>JPEGTables</tt> field is contained in the metadata object
-provided to the writer. If the contents of the <tt>JPEGTables</tt> field is
+only if a <code>JPEGTables</code> field is contained in the metadata object
+provided to the writer. If the contents of the <code>JPEGTables</code> field is
a valid tables-only JPEG stream, then it will be used; otherwise the contents
of the field will be replaced with default visually lossless tables. If no
-such <tt>JPEGTables</tt> field is present in the metadata, then no
-<tt>JPEGTables</tt> field will be written to the output and each strip or
+such <code>JPEGTables</code> field is present in the metadata, then no
+<code>JPEGTables</code> field will be written to the output and each strip or
tile will be written as a separate, self-contained JPEG stream.</p>
<p>When using Deflate/ZLib or LZW compression, if the image has 8 bits per
sample, a horizontal differencing predictor will be used if the
-<tt>Predictor</tt> field is present with a value of 2
+<code>Predictor</code> field is present with a value of 2
(<code>BaselineTIFFTagSet.PREDICTOR_HORIZONTAL_DIFFERENCING</code>).
If prediction is so requested but the image does not have
8 bits per sample the field will be reset to have the value 1
(<code>BaselineTIFFTagSet.PREDICTOR_NONE</code>).
</p>
<p>Some fields may be added or modified:
<ul>
-<li><tt>PhotometricInterpretation</tt> if not present.</li>
-<li><tt>PlanarConfiguration</tt> if this field is present with value
-<tt>Planar</tt> is is reset to <tt>Chunky</tt>.</li>
-<li><tt>Compression</tt> always.</li>
-<li><tt>BitsPerSample</tt> if the image is not bilevel.</li>
-<li><tt>SamplesPerPixel</tt> always.</li>
-<li><tt>ExtraSamples</tt> if an alpha channel is present.</li>
-<li><tt>SampleFormat</tt> if not present and the data are 16- or 32-bit
+<li><code>PhotometricInterpretation</code> if not present.</li>
+<li><code>PlanarConfiguration</code> if this field is present with value
+<code>Planar</code> is is reset to <code>Chunky</code>.</li>
+<li><code>Compression</code> always.</li>
+<li><code>BitsPerSample</code> if the image is not bilevel.</li>
+<li><code>SamplesPerPixel</code> always.</li>
+<li><code>ExtraSamples</code> if an alpha channel is present.</li>
+<li><code>SampleFormat</code> if not present and the data are 16- or 32-bit
integers or floating point.</li>
-<li><tt>ColorMap</tt> if the <tt>PhotometricInterpretation</tt> is
-<tt>RGBPalette</tt>.</li>
-<li><tt>ImageWidth</tt> and <tt>ImageLength</tt> always.</li>
-<li><tt>TileWidth</tt>, <tt>TileLength</tt>, <tt>TileOffsets</tt>, and
-<tt>TileByteCounts</tt> if a tiled image is being written.</li>
-<li><tt>RowsPerStrip</tt>, <tt>StripOffsets</tt>, and <tt>StripByteCounts</tt>
+<li><code>ColorMap</code> if the <code>PhotometricInterpretation</code> is
+<code>RGBPalette</code>.</li>
+<li><code>ImageWidth</code> and <code>ImageLength</code> always.</li>
+<li><code>TileWidth</code>, <code>TileLength</code>, <code>TileOffsets</code>, and
+<code>TileByteCounts</code> if a tiled image is being written.</li>
+<li><code>RowsPerStrip</code>, <code>StripOffsets</code>, and <code>StripByteCounts</code>
if a tiled image is <i>not</i> being written.</li>
-<li><tt>XResolution</tt>, <tt>YResolution</tt>, and <tt>ResolutionUnit</tt>
+<li><code>XResolution</code>, <code>YResolution</code>, and <code>ResolutionUnit</code>
if none of these is present.</li>
-<li><tt>YCbCrSubsampling</tt> and <tt>YCbCrPositioning</tt> if the
+<li><code>YCbCrSubsampling</code> and <code>YCbCrPositioning</code> if the
photometric interpretation is YCbCr and the compression type is not JPEG
(only [1, 1] subsampling and cosited positioning are supported for
non-JPEG YCbCr output).</li>
-<li><tt>YCbCrSubsampling</tt>, <tt>YCbCrPositioning</tt>, and
-<tt>ReferenceBlackWhite</tt>: if the compression type is JPEG and the color
+<li><code>YCbCrSubsampling</code>, <code>YCbCrPositioning</code>, and
+<code>ReferenceBlackWhite</code>: if the compression type is JPEG and the color
space is RGB these will be reset to [2, 2] centered subsampling with no
headroom/footroom (0:255,128:255,128:255).</li>
</ul>
<p>Some fields may be removed:
<ul>
-<li><tt>BitsPerSample</tt> if the image is bilevel.</li>
-<li><tt>ExtraSamples</tt> if the image does not have an alpha channel.</li>
-<li><tt>ColorMap</tt> if the photometric interpretation is not
-<tt>RGBPalette</tt>.</li>
-<li><tt>TileWidth</tt>, <tt>TileLength</tt>, <tt>TileOffsets</tt>, and
-<tt>TileByteCounts</tt> if tiling <i>is not</i> being used.</li>
-<li><tt>RowsPerStrip</tt>, <tt>StripOffsets</tt>, and <tt>StripByteCounts</tt>
+<li><code>BitsPerSample</code> if the image is bilevel.</li>
+<li><code>ExtraSamples</code> if the image does not have an alpha channel.</li>
+<li><code>ColorMap</code> if the photometric interpretation is not
+<code>RGBPalette</code>.</li>
+<li><code>TileWidth</code>, <code>TileLength</code>, <code>TileOffsets</code>, and
+<code>TileByteCounts</code> if tiling <i>is not</i> being used.</li>
+<li><code>RowsPerStrip</code>, <code>StripOffsets</code>, and <code>StripByteCounts</code>
if tiling <i>is</i> being used.</li>
-<li><tt>YCbCrSubsampling</tt>, <tt>YCbCrPositioning</tt>, and
-<tt>ReferenceBlackWhite</tt> if the compression type is JPEG and the
+<li><code>YCbCrSubsampling</code>, <code>YCbCrPositioning</code>, and
+<code>ReferenceBlackWhite</code> if the compression type is JPEG and the
color space is grayscale.</li>
-<li><tt>JPEGProc</tt>, <tt>JPEGInterchangeFormat</tt>,
-<tt>JPEGInterchangeFormatLength</tt>, <tt>JPEGRestartInterval</tt>,
-<tt>JPEGLosslessPredictors</tt>, <tt>JPEGPointTransforms</tt>,
-<tt>JPEGQTables</tt>, <tt>JPEGDCTables</tt>, and
-<tt>JPEGACTables</tt> if the compression type is JPEG.</li>
+<li><code>JPEGProc</code>, <code>JPEGInterchangeFormat</code>,
+<code>JPEGInterchangeFormatLength</code>, <code>JPEGRestartInterval</code>,
+<code>JPEGLosslessPredictors</code>, <code>JPEGPointTransforms</code>,
+<code>JPEGQTables</code>, <code>JPEGDCTables</code>, and
+<code>JPEGACTables</code> if the compression type is JPEG.</li>
</ul>
-</p>
<p>Other fields present in the supplied metadata are uninterpreted and will
be written as supplied.</p>
<p>If an Exif image is being written, the set of fields present and their
@@ -735,33 +713,32 @@
<code>IIOMetadata</code> object by invoking
<code>TIFFDirectory.getAsMetadata</code>. The
<code>IIOMetadata</code> object so obtained may then be passed to the TIFF
writer.</p>
-<h5><a name="MapStandardNative"/>
+<h5><a id="MapStandardNative"></a>
Mapping of the Standard Metadata Format to TIFF Native Image Metadata</h5>
The derivation of <a href="#ImageMetadata">TIFF native image metadata</a>
elements from the standard metadata format
<a href="standard_metadata.html">javax_imageio_1.0</a> is
given in the following table.
-<p>
<table border="1">
<tr>
<th>TIFF Field</th>
<th>Derivation from Standard Metadata Elements</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
PhotometricInterpretation
</td>
<td>/Chroma/ColorSpaceType@name: "GRAY" and /Chroma/BlackIsZero@value = "FALSE"
-=> WhiteIsZero; "GRAY" and /Document/SubimageInterpretation@value =
-"TransparencyMask" => TransparencyMask; "RGB" and /Chroma/Palette present =>
-PaletteColor; "GRAY" => BlackIsZero; "RGB" => RGB; "YCbCr" => YCbCr;
-"CMYK" => CMYK; "Lab" => CIELab.</td>
+=> WhiteIsZero; "GRAY" and /Document/SubimageInterpretation@value =
+"TransparencyMask" => TransparencyMask; "RGB" and /Chroma/Palette present =>
+PaletteColor; "GRAY" => BlackIsZero; "RGB" => RGB; "YCbCr" => YCbCr;
+"CMYK" => CMYK; "Lab" => CIELab.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SamplesPerPixel</td>
<td>/Chroma/NumChannels@value</td>
</tr>
@@ -769,35 +746,35 @@
<td>ColorMap</td>
<td>/Chroma/Palette</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Compression</td>
-<td>/Compression/CompressionTypeName@value: "none" => Uncompressed;
-"CCITT RLE" => CCITT 1D; "CCITT T.4" => Group 3 Fax; "CCITT T.6" => Group 4
-Fax; "LZW" => LZW; "Old JPEG" => JPEG; "JPEG" => New JPEG; "ZLib" => ZLib;
-"PackBits" => PackBits; "Deflate" => Deflate.</td>
+<td>/Compression/CompressionTypeName@value: "none" => Uncompressed;
+"CCITT RLE" => CCITT 1D; "CCITT T.4" => Group 3 Fax; "CCITT T.6" => Group 4
+Fax; "LZW" => LZW; "Old JPEG" => JPEG; "JPEG" => New JPEG; "ZLib" => ZLib;
+"PackBits" => PackBits; "Deflate" => Deflate.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>PlanarConfiguration</td>
-<td>/Data/PlanarConfiguration@value: "PixelInterleaved" => Chunky;
-"PlaneInterleaved" => Planar.</td>
+<td>/Data/PlanarConfiguration@value: "PixelInterleaved" => Chunky;
+"PlaneInterleaved" => Planar.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>SampleFormat</td>
-<td>/Data/SampleFormat@value: "SignedIntegral" => two's complement signed
-integer data; "UnsignedIntegral" => unsigned integer data; "Real" =>
-IEEE floating point data; "Index" => unsigned integer data.
+<td>/Data/SampleFormat@value: "SignedIntegral" => two's complement signed
+integer data; "UnsignedIntegral" => unsigned integer data; "Real" =>
+IEEE floating point data; "Index" => unsigned integer data.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>BitsPerSample</td>
<td>/Data/BitsPerSample@value: space-separated list parsed to char array.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>FillOrder</td>
-<td>/Data/SampleMSB@value: if all values in space-separated list are 0s =>
-right-to-left; otherwise => left-to-right.
+<td>/Data/SampleMSB@value: if all values in space-separated list are 0s =>
+right-to-left; otherwise => left-to-right.
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>XResolution</td>
<td>(10 / /Dimension/HorizontalPixelSize@value) or
@@ -826,13 +803,13 @@
<td>YPosition</td>
<td>/Dimension/VerticalPosition@value / 10</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>NewSubFileType</td>
-<td>/Document/SubimageInterpretation@value: "TransparencyMask" =>
-transparency mask; "ReducedResolution" => reduced-resolution;
-"SinglePage" => single page.</td>
+<td>/Document/SubimageInterpretation@value: "TransparencyMask" =>
+transparency mask; "ReducedResolution" => reduced-resolution;
+"SinglePage" => single page.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>DateTime</td>
<td>/Document/ImageCreationTime@value</td>
</tr>
@@ -843,33 +820,32 @@
TIFF Fields, e.g., "Software", then the field is added with content
/Text/TextEntry@value and count 1.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>ExtraSamples</td>
-<td>/Transparency/Alpha@value: "premultiplied" => associated alpha, count 1;
-"nonpremultiplied" => unassociated alpha, count 1.</td>
+<td>/Transparency/Alpha@value: "premultiplied" => associated alpha, count 1;
+"nonpremultiplied" => unassociated alpha, count 1.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>
-</p>
-<h4><a name="ExifWrite"/>Writing Exif Images</h4>
+<h4><a id="ExifWrite">Writing Exif Images</a></h4>
The TIFF writer may be used to write an uncompressed Exif image or the
-contents of the <tt>APP1</tt> marker segment of a compressed Exif image.
+contents of the <code>APP1</code> marker segment of a compressed Exif image.
-<h5><a name="ExifWriteTIFF"/>Writing Uncompressed Exif Images</h5>
+<h5><a id="ExifWriteTIFF">Writing Uncompressed Exif Images</a></h5>
When writing a sequence of images each image is normally recorded as
{IFD, IFD Value, Image Data}. The Exif specification requires
that an uncompressed Exif image be structured as follows:
+<a id="ExifStructure"></a>
<ol>
-<a name="ExifStructure"/>
<li>Image File Header</li>
<li>Primary IFD</li>
<li>Primary IFD Value</li>
<li>Thumbnail IFD</li>
<li>Thumbnail IFD Value</li>
@@ -925,13 +901,13 @@
new IIOImage(image, null, primaryIFD),
tiffWriteParam);
}
</code></pre>
-<h5><a name="ExifWriteJPEG"/>Writing Compressed Exif Images</h5>
+<h5><a id="ExifWriteJPEG">Writing Compressed Exif Images</a></h5>
-The structure of the embedded TIFF stream in the <tt>APP1</tt> segment of a
+The structure of the embedded TIFF stream in the <code>APP1</code> segment of a
compressed Exif image is identical to the <a href="#ExifStructure">
uncompressed Exif image structure</a> except that there are no primary
image data, i.e., the primary IFD does not refer to any image data.
<pre><code>
@@ -1013,11 +989,11 @@
jpegWriteParam);
String nativeFormat = jpegImageMetadata.getNativeMetadataFormatName();
Node tree = jpegImageMetadata.getAsTree(nativeFormat);
NodeList children = tree.getChildNodes();
int numChildren = children.getLength();
- for (int i = 0; i < numChildren; i++) {
+ for (int i = 0; i < numChildren; i++) {
Node child = children.item(i);
if (child.getNodeName().equals("markerSequence")) {
child.appendChild(app1Node);
break;
}
@@ -1032,11 +1008,11 @@
The <code>"unknown"</code> node created above would be appended to the
<code>"markerSequence"</code> node of the native JPEG image metadata
and written to the JPEG stream when the primary image is written using
the JPEG writer.
-<h3><a name="StreamMetadata"/>Stream Metadata</h3>
+<h3><a id="StreamMetadata">Stream Metadata</a></h3>
The DTD for the TIFF native stream metadata format is as follows:
<pre>
<!DOCTYPE "javax_imageio_tiff_stream_1.0" [
@@ -1049,11 +1025,11 @@
<!-- One of "BIG_ENDIAN" or "LITTLE_ENDIAN" -->
<!-- Data type: String -->
]>
</pre>
-<h3><a name="ImageMetadata"/>Image Metadata</h3>
+<h3><a id="ImageMetadata">Image Metadata</a></h3>
The DTD for the TIFF native image metadata format is as follows:
<pre>
<!DOCTYPE "javax_imageio_tiff_image_1.0" [
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