1 /*
2 * Copyright (c) 1997, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
3 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
4 *
5 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
6 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
7 * published by the Free Software Foundation.
8 *
9 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
10 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
11 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
12 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
13 * accompanied this code).
14 *
15 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
16 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
17 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
18 *
19 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
20 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
21 * questions.
22 *
23 */
24
25 #include "precompiled.hpp"
26 #include "classfile/classLoader.hpp"
27 #include "classfile/classLoaderData.hpp"
28 #include "classfile/javaClasses.hpp"
29 #include "classfile/symbolTable.hpp"
30 #include "classfile/systemDictionary.hpp"
31 #include "classfile/vmSymbols.hpp"
32 #include "code/codeCache.hpp"
33 #include "code/dependencies.hpp"
34 #include "gc_interface/collectedHeap.inline.hpp"
35 #include "interpreter/interpreter.hpp"
36 #include "memory/cardTableModRefBS.hpp"
37 #include "memory/gcLocker.inline.hpp"
38 #include "memory/genCollectedHeap.hpp"
39 #include "memory/genRemSet.hpp"
40 #include "memory/generation.hpp"
41 #include "memory/metadataFactory.hpp"
42 #include "memory/metaspaceShared.hpp"
43 #include "memory/oopFactory.hpp"
44 #include "memory/space.hpp"
45 #include "memory/universe.hpp"
46 #include "memory/universe.inline.hpp"
47 #include "oops/constantPool.hpp"
48 #include "oops/instanceClassLoaderKlass.hpp"
49 #include "oops/instanceKlass.hpp"
50 #include "oops/instanceMirrorKlass.hpp"
51 #include "oops/instanceRefKlass.hpp"
52 #include "oops/oop.inline.hpp"
53 #include "oops/typeArrayKlass.hpp"
54 #include "prims/jvmtiRedefineClassesTrace.hpp"
55 #include "runtime/arguments.hpp"
56 #include "runtime/deoptimization.hpp"
57 #include "runtime/fprofiler.hpp"
58 #include "runtime/handles.inline.hpp"
59 #include "runtime/init.hpp"
60 #include "runtime/java.hpp"
61 #include "runtime/javaCalls.hpp"
62 #include "runtime/sharedRuntime.hpp"
63 #include "runtime/synchronizer.hpp"
64 #include "runtime/thread.inline.hpp"
65 #include "runtime/timer.hpp"
66 #include "runtime/vm_operations.hpp"
67 #include "services/memoryService.hpp"
68 #include "utilities/copy.hpp"
69 #include "utilities/events.hpp"
70 #include "utilities/hashtable.inline.hpp"
71 #include "utilities/preserveException.hpp"
72 #include "utilities/macros.hpp"
73 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
74 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/cmsAdaptiveSizePolicy.hpp"
75 #include "gc_implementation/concurrentMarkSweep/cmsCollectorPolicy.hpp"
76 #include "gc_implementation/g1/g1CollectedHeap.inline.hpp"
77 #include "gc_implementation/g1/g1CollectorPolicy.hpp"
78 #include "gc_implementation/parallelScavenge/parallelScavengeHeap.hpp"
79 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
80
81 // Known objects
82 Klass* Universe::_boolArrayKlassObj = NULL;
83 Klass* Universe::_byteArrayKlassObj = NULL;
84 Klass* Universe::_charArrayKlassObj = NULL;
85 Klass* Universe::_intArrayKlassObj = NULL;
86 Klass* Universe::_shortArrayKlassObj = NULL;
87 Klass* Universe::_longArrayKlassObj = NULL;
88 Klass* Universe::_singleArrayKlassObj = NULL;
89 Klass* Universe::_doubleArrayKlassObj = NULL;
90 Klass* Universe::_typeArrayKlassObjs[T_VOID+1] = { NULL /*, NULL...*/ };
91 Klass* Universe::_objectArrayKlassObj = NULL;
92 oop Universe::_int_mirror = NULL;
93 oop Universe::_float_mirror = NULL;
94 oop Universe::_double_mirror = NULL;
95 oop Universe::_byte_mirror = NULL;
96 oop Universe::_bool_mirror = NULL;
97 oop Universe::_char_mirror = NULL;
98 oop Universe::_long_mirror = NULL;
99 oop Universe::_short_mirror = NULL;
100 oop Universe::_void_mirror = NULL;
101 oop Universe::_mirrors[T_VOID+1] = { NULL /*, NULL...*/ };
102 oop Universe::_main_thread_group = NULL;
103 oop Universe::_system_thread_group = NULL;
104 objArrayOop Universe::_the_empty_class_klass_array = NULL;
105 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_array_interfaces_array = NULL;
106 oop Universe::_the_null_string = NULL;
107 oop Universe::_the_min_jint_string = NULL;
108 LatestMethodCache* Universe::_finalizer_register_cache = NULL;
109 LatestMethodCache* Universe::_loader_addClass_cache = NULL;
110 LatestMethodCache* Universe::_pd_implies_cache = NULL;
111 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap = NULL;
112 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace = NULL;
113 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace = NULL;
114 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size = NULL;
115 oop Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit = NULL;
116 objArrayOop Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = NULL;
117 volatile jint Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = 0;
118 bool Universe::_verify_in_progress = false;
119 oop Universe::_null_ptr_exception_instance = NULL;
120 oop Universe::_arithmetic_exception_instance = NULL;
121 oop Universe::_virtual_machine_error_instance = NULL;
122 oop Universe::_vm_exception = NULL;
123 Method* Universe::_throw_illegal_access_error = NULL;
124 Array<int>* Universe::_the_empty_int_array = NULL;
125 Array<u2>* Universe::_the_empty_short_array = NULL;
126 Array<Klass*>* Universe::_the_empty_klass_array = NULL;
127 Array<Method*>* Universe::_the_empty_method_array = NULL;
128
129 // These variables are guarded by FullGCALot_lock.
130 debug_only(objArrayOop Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_array = NULL;)
131 debug_only(int Universe::_fullgc_alot_dummy_next = 0;)
132
133 // Heap
134 int Universe::_verify_count = 0;
135
136 int Universe::_base_vtable_size = 0;
137 bool Universe::_bootstrapping = false;
138 bool Universe::_fully_initialized = false;
139
140 size_t Universe::_heap_capacity_at_last_gc;
141 size_t Universe::_heap_used_at_last_gc = 0;
142
143 CollectedHeap* Universe::_collectedHeap = NULL;
144
145 NarrowPtrStruct Universe::_narrow_oop = { NULL, 0, true };
146 NarrowPtrStruct Universe::_narrow_klass = { NULL, 0, true };
147 address Universe::_narrow_ptrs_base;
148
149 void Universe::basic_type_classes_do(void f(Klass*)) {
150 f(boolArrayKlassObj());
151 f(byteArrayKlassObj());
152 f(charArrayKlassObj());
153 f(intArrayKlassObj());
154 f(shortArrayKlassObj());
155 f(longArrayKlassObj());
156 f(singleArrayKlassObj());
157 f(doubleArrayKlassObj());
158 }
159
160 void Universe::oops_do(OopClosure* f, bool do_all) {
161
162 f->do_oop((oop*) &_int_mirror);
163 f->do_oop((oop*) &_float_mirror);
164 f->do_oop((oop*) &_double_mirror);
165 f->do_oop((oop*) &_byte_mirror);
166 f->do_oop((oop*) &_bool_mirror);
167 f->do_oop((oop*) &_char_mirror);
168 f->do_oop((oop*) &_long_mirror);
169 f->do_oop((oop*) &_short_mirror);
170 f->do_oop((oop*) &_void_mirror);
171
172 for (int i = T_BOOLEAN; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
173 f->do_oop((oop*) &_mirrors[i]);
174 }
175 assert(_mirrors[0] == NULL && _mirrors[T_BOOLEAN - 1] == NULL, "checking");
176
177 f->do_oop((oop*)&_the_empty_class_klass_array);
178 f->do_oop((oop*)&_the_null_string);
179 f->do_oop((oop*)&_the_min_jint_string);
180 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_java_heap);
181 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_metaspace);
182 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace);
183 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_array_size);
184 f->do_oop((oop*)&_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit);
185 f->do_oop((oop*)&_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array);
186 f->do_oop((oop*)&_null_ptr_exception_instance);
187 f->do_oop((oop*)&_arithmetic_exception_instance);
188 f->do_oop((oop*)&_virtual_machine_error_instance);
189 f->do_oop((oop*)&_main_thread_group);
190 f->do_oop((oop*)&_system_thread_group);
191 f->do_oop((oop*)&_vm_exception);
192 debug_only(f->do_oop((oop*)&_fullgc_alot_dummy_array);)
193 }
194
195 // Serialize metadata in and out of CDS archive, not oops.
196 void Universe::serialize(SerializeClosure* f, bool do_all) {
197
198 f->do_ptr((void**)&_boolArrayKlassObj);
199 f->do_ptr((void**)&_byteArrayKlassObj);
200 f->do_ptr((void**)&_charArrayKlassObj);
201 f->do_ptr((void**)&_intArrayKlassObj);
202 f->do_ptr((void**)&_shortArrayKlassObj);
203 f->do_ptr((void**)&_longArrayKlassObj);
204 f->do_ptr((void**)&_singleArrayKlassObj);
205 f->do_ptr((void**)&_doubleArrayKlassObj);
206 f->do_ptr((void**)&_objectArrayKlassObj);
207
208 {
209 for (int i = 0; i < T_VOID+1; i++) {
210 if (_typeArrayKlassObjs[i] != NULL) {
211 assert(i >= T_BOOLEAN, "checking");
212 f->do_ptr((void**)&_typeArrayKlassObjs[i]);
213 } else if (do_all) {
214 f->do_ptr((void**)&_typeArrayKlassObjs[i]);
215 }
216 }
217 }
218
219 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_array_interfaces_array);
220 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_int_array);
221 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_short_array);
222 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_method_array);
223 f->do_ptr((void**)&_the_empty_klass_array);
224 _finalizer_register_cache->serialize(f);
225 _loader_addClass_cache->serialize(f);
226 _pd_implies_cache->serialize(f);
227 }
228
229 void Universe::check_alignment(uintx size, uintx alignment, const char* name) {
230 if (size < alignment || size % alignment != 0) {
231 vm_exit_during_initialization(
232 err_msg("Size of %s (" UINTX_FORMAT " bytes) must be aligned to " UINTX_FORMAT " bytes", name, size, alignment));
233 }
234 }
235
236 void initialize_basic_type_klass(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
237 Klass* ok = SystemDictionary::Object_klass();
238 if (UseSharedSpaces) {
239 assert(k->super() == ok, "u3");
240 k->restore_unshareable_info(CHECK);
241 } else {
242 k->initialize_supers(ok, CHECK);
243 }
244 k->append_to_sibling_list();
245 }
246
247 void Universe::genesis(TRAPS) {
248 ResourceMark rm;
249
250 { FlagSetting fs(_bootstrapping, true);
251
252 { MutexLocker mc(Compile_lock);
253
254 // determine base vtable size; without that we cannot create the array klasses
255 compute_base_vtable_size();
256
257 if (!UseSharedSpaces) {
258 _boolArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_BOOLEAN, sizeof(jboolean), CHECK);
259 _charArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_CHAR, sizeof(jchar), CHECK);
260 _singleArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_FLOAT, sizeof(jfloat), CHECK);
261 _doubleArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_DOUBLE, sizeof(jdouble), CHECK);
262 _byteArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_BYTE, sizeof(jbyte), CHECK);
263 _shortArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_SHORT, sizeof(jshort), CHECK);
264 _intArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_INT, sizeof(jint), CHECK);
265 _longArrayKlassObj = TypeArrayKlass::create_klass(T_LONG, sizeof(jlong), CHECK);
266
267 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_BOOLEAN] = _boolArrayKlassObj;
268 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_CHAR] = _charArrayKlassObj;
269 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_FLOAT] = _singleArrayKlassObj;
270 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_DOUBLE] = _doubleArrayKlassObj;
271 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_BYTE] = _byteArrayKlassObj;
272 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_SHORT] = _shortArrayKlassObj;
273 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_INT] = _intArrayKlassObj;
274 _typeArrayKlassObjs[T_LONG] = _longArrayKlassObj;
275
276 ClassLoaderData* null_cld = ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data();
277
278 _the_array_interfaces_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 2, NULL, CHECK);
279 _the_empty_int_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<int>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
280 _the_empty_short_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<u2>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
281 _the_empty_method_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Method*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
282 _the_empty_klass_array = MetadataFactory::new_array<Klass*>(null_cld, 0, CHECK);
283 }
284 }
285
286 vmSymbols::initialize(CHECK);
287
288 SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK);
289
290 Klass* ok = SystemDictionary::Object_klass();
291
292 _the_null_string = StringTable::intern("null", CHECK);
293 _the_min_jint_string = StringTable::intern("-2147483648", CHECK);
294
295 if (UseSharedSpaces) {
296 // Verify shared interfaces array.
297 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(0) ==
298 SystemDictionary::Cloneable_klass(), "u3");
299 assert(_the_array_interfaces_array->at(1) ==
300 SystemDictionary::Serializable_klass(), "u3");
301 } else {
302 // Set up shared interfaces array. (Do this before supers are set up.)
303 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(0, SystemDictionary::Cloneable_klass());
304 _the_array_interfaces_array->at_put(1, SystemDictionary::Serializable_klass());
305 }
306
307 initialize_basic_type_klass(boolArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
308 initialize_basic_type_klass(charArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
309 initialize_basic_type_klass(singleArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
310 initialize_basic_type_klass(doubleArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
311 initialize_basic_type_klass(byteArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
312 initialize_basic_type_klass(shortArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
313 initialize_basic_type_klass(intArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
314 initialize_basic_type_klass(longArrayKlassObj(), CHECK);
315 } // end of core bootstrapping
316
317 // Maybe this could be lifted up now that object array can be initialized
318 // during the bootstrapping.
319
320 // OLD
321 // Initialize _objectArrayKlass after core bootstraping to make
322 // sure the super class is set up properly for _objectArrayKlass.
323 // ---
324 // NEW
325 // Since some of the old system object arrays have been converted to
326 // ordinary object arrays, _objectArrayKlass will be loaded when
327 // SystemDictionary::initialize(CHECK); is run. See the extra check
328 // for Object_klass_loaded in objArrayKlassKlass::allocate_objArray_klass_impl.
329 _objectArrayKlassObj = InstanceKlass::
330 cast(SystemDictionary::Object_klass())->array_klass(1, CHECK);
331 // OLD
332 // Add the class to the class hierarchy manually to make sure that
333 // its vtable is initialized after core bootstrapping is completed.
334 // ---
335 // New
336 // Have already been initialized.
337 _objectArrayKlassObj->append_to_sibling_list();
338
339 // Compute is_jdk version flags.
340 // Only 1.3 or later has the java.lang.Shutdown class.
341 // Only 1.4 or later has the java.lang.CharSequence interface.
342 // Only 1.5 or later has the java.lang.management.MemoryUsage class.
343 if (JDK_Version::is_partially_initialized()) {
344 uint8_t jdk_version;
345 Klass* k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(
346 vmSymbols::java_lang_management_MemoryUsage(), THREAD);
347 CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION; // ignore exceptions
348 if (k == NULL) {
349 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(
350 vmSymbols::java_lang_CharSequence(), THREAD);
351 CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION; // ignore exceptions
352 if (k == NULL) {
353 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_null(
354 vmSymbols::java_lang_Shutdown(), THREAD);
355 CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION; // ignore exceptions
356 if (k == NULL) {
357 jdk_version = 2;
358 } else {
359 jdk_version = 3;
360 }
361 } else {
362 jdk_version = 4;
363 }
364 } else {
365 jdk_version = 5;
366 }
367 JDK_Version::fully_initialize(jdk_version);
368 }
369
370 #ifdef ASSERT
371 if (FullGCALot) {
372 // Allocate an array of dummy objects.
373 // We'd like these to be at the bottom of the old generation,
374 // so that when we free one and then collect,
375 // (almost) the whole heap moves
376 // and we find out if we actually update all the oops correctly.
377 // But we can't allocate directly in the old generation,
378 // so we allocate wherever, and hope that the first collection
379 // moves these objects to the bottom of the old generation.
380 // We can allocate directly in the permanent generation, so we do.
381 int size;
382 if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
383 warning("Using +FullGCALot with concurrent mark sweep gc "
384 "will not force all objects to relocate");
385 size = FullGCALotDummies;
386 } else {
387 size = FullGCALotDummies * 2;
388 }
389 objArrayOop naked_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Object_klass(), size, CHECK);
390 objArrayHandle dummy_array(THREAD, naked_array);
391 int i = 0;
392 while (i < size) {
393 // Allocate dummy in old generation
394 oop dummy = InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::Object_klass())->allocate_instance(CHECK);
395 dummy_array->obj_at_put(i++, dummy);
396 }
397 {
398 // Only modify the global variable inside the mutex.
399 // If we had a race to here, the other dummy_array instances
400 // and their elements just get dropped on the floor, which is fine.
401 MutexLocker ml(FullGCALot_lock);
402 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_array == NULL) {
403 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = dummy_array();
404 }
405 }
406 assert(i == _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->length(), "just checking");
407 }
408 #endif
409
410 // Initialize dependency array for null class loader
411 ClassLoaderData::the_null_class_loader_data()->init_dependencies(CHECK);
412
413 }
414
415 // CDS support for patching vtables in metadata in the shared archive.
416 // All types inherited from Metadata have vtables, but not types inherited
417 // from MetaspaceObj, because the latter does not have virtual functions.
418 // If the metadata type has a vtable, it cannot be shared in the read-only
419 // section of the CDS archive, because the vtable pointer is patched.
420 static inline void add_vtable(void** list, int* n, void* o, int count) {
421 guarantee((*n) < count, "vtable list too small");
422 void* vtable = dereference_vptr(o);
423 assert(*(void**)(vtable) != NULL, "invalid vtable");
424 list[(*n)++] = vtable;
425 }
426
427 void Universe::init_self_patching_vtbl_list(void** list, int count) {
428 int n = 0;
429 { InstanceKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
430 { InstanceClassLoaderKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
431 { InstanceMirrorKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
432 { InstanceRefKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
433 { TypeArrayKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
434 { ObjArrayKlass o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
435 { Method o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
436 { ConstantPool o; add_vtable(list, &n, &o, count); }
437 }
438
439 void Universe::initialize_basic_type_mirrors(TRAPS) {
440 assert(_int_mirror==NULL, "basic type mirrors already initialized");
441 _int_mirror =
442 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("int", T_INT, CHECK);
443 _float_mirror =
444 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("float", T_FLOAT, CHECK);
445 _double_mirror =
446 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("double", T_DOUBLE, CHECK);
447 _byte_mirror =
448 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("byte", T_BYTE, CHECK);
449 _bool_mirror =
450 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("boolean",T_BOOLEAN, CHECK);
451 _char_mirror =
452 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("char", T_CHAR, CHECK);
453 _long_mirror =
454 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("long", T_LONG, CHECK);
455 _short_mirror =
456 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("short", T_SHORT, CHECK);
457 _void_mirror =
458 java_lang_Class::create_basic_type_mirror("void", T_VOID, CHECK);
459
460 _mirrors[T_INT] = _int_mirror;
461 _mirrors[T_FLOAT] = _float_mirror;
462 _mirrors[T_DOUBLE] = _double_mirror;
463 _mirrors[T_BYTE] = _byte_mirror;
464 _mirrors[T_BOOLEAN] = _bool_mirror;
465 _mirrors[T_CHAR] = _char_mirror;
466 _mirrors[T_LONG] = _long_mirror;
467 _mirrors[T_SHORT] = _short_mirror;
468 _mirrors[T_VOID] = _void_mirror;
469 //_mirrors[T_OBJECT] = InstanceKlass::cast(_object_klass)->java_mirror();
470 //_mirrors[T_ARRAY] = InstanceKlass::cast(_object_klass)->java_mirror();
471 }
472
473 void Universe::fixup_mirrors(TRAPS) {
474 // Bootstrap problem: all classes gets a mirror (java.lang.Class instance) assigned eagerly,
475 // but we cannot do that for classes created before java.lang.Class is loaded. Here we simply
476 // walk over permanent objects created so far (mostly classes) and fixup their mirrors. Note
477 // that the number of objects allocated at this point is very small.
478 assert(SystemDictionary::Class_klass_loaded(), "java.lang.Class should be loaded");
479 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
480 // Cache the start of the static fields
481 InstanceMirrorKlass::init_offset_of_static_fields();
482
483 GrowableArray <Klass*>* list = java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
484 int list_length = list->length();
485 for (int i = 0; i < list_length; i++) {
486 Klass* k = list->at(i);
487 assert(k->is_klass(), "List should only hold classes");
488 EXCEPTION_MARK;
489 KlassHandle kh(THREAD, k);
490 java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror(kh, CATCH);
491 }
492 delete java_lang_Class::fixup_mirror_list();
493 java_lang_Class::set_fixup_mirror_list(NULL);
494 }
495
496 static bool has_run_finalizers_on_exit = false;
497
498 void Universe::run_finalizers_on_exit() {
499 if (has_run_finalizers_on_exit) return;
500 has_run_finalizers_on_exit = true;
501
502 // Called on VM exit. This ought to be run in a separate thread.
503 if (TraceReferenceGC) tty->print_cr("Callback to run finalizers on exit");
504 {
505 PRESERVE_EXCEPTION_MARK;
506 KlassHandle finalizer_klass(THREAD, SystemDictionary::Finalizer_klass());
507 JavaValue result(T_VOID);
508 JavaCalls::call_static(
509 &result,
510 finalizer_klass,
511 vmSymbols::run_finalizers_on_exit_name(),
512 vmSymbols::void_method_signature(),
513 THREAD
514 );
515 // Ignore any pending exceptions
516 CLEAR_PENDING_EXCEPTION;
517 }
518 }
519
520
521 // initialize_vtable could cause gc if
522 // 1) we specified true to initialize_vtable and
523 // 2) this ran after gc was enabled
524 // In case those ever change we use handles for oops
525 void Universe::reinitialize_vtable_of(KlassHandle k_h, TRAPS) {
526 // init vtable of k and all subclasses
527 Klass* ko = k_h();
528 klassVtable* vt = ko->vtable();
529 if (vt) vt->initialize_vtable(false, CHECK);
530 if (ko->oop_is_instance()) {
531 InstanceKlass* ik = (InstanceKlass*)ko;
532 for (KlassHandle s_h(THREAD, ik->subklass());
533 s_h() != NULL;
534 s_h = KlassHandle(THREAD, s_h()->next_sibling())) {
535 reinitialize_vtable_of(s_h, CHECK);
536 }
537 }
538 }
539
540
541 void initialize_itable_for_klass(Klass* k, TRAPS) {
542 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->itable()->initialize_itable(false, CHECK);
543 }
544
545
546 void Universe::reinitialize_itables(TRAPS) {
547 SystemDictionary::classes_do(initialize_itable_for_klass, CHECK);
548
549 }
550
551
552 bool Universe::on_page_boundary(void* addr) {
553 return ((uintptr_t) addr) % os::vm_page_size() == 0;
554 }
555
556
557 bool Universe::should_fill_in_stack_trace(Handle throwable) {
558 // never attempt to fill in the stack trace of preallocated errors that do not have
559 // backtrace. These errors are kept alive forever and may be "re-used" when all
560 // preallocated errors with backtrace have been consumed. Also need to avoid
561 // a potential loop which could happen if an out of memory occurs when attempting
562 // to allocate the backtrace.
563 return ((throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap) &&
564 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace) &&
565 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace) &&
566 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size) &&
567 (throwable() != Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit));
568 }
569
570
571 oop Universe::gen_out_of_memory_error(oop default_err) {
572 // generate an out of memory error:
573 // - if there is a preallocated error with backtrace available then return it wth
574 // a filled in stack trace.
575 // - if there are no preallocated errors with backtrace available then return
576 // an error without backtrace.
577 int next;
578 if (_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count > 0) {
579 next = (int)Atomic::add(-1, &_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count);
580 assert(next < (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount, "avail count is corrupt");
581 } else {
582 next = -1;
583 }
584 if (next < 0) {
585 // all preallocated errors have been used.
586 // return default
587 return default_err;
588 } else {
589 // get the error object at the slot and set set it to NULL so that the
590 // array isn't keeping it alive anymore.
591 oop exc = preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at(next);
592 assert(exc != NULL, "slot has been used already");
593 preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at_put(next, NULL);
594
595 // use the message from the default error
596 oop msg = java_lang_Throwable::message(default_err);
597 assert(msg != NULL, "no message");
598 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(exc, msg);
599
600 // populate the stack trace and return it.
601 java_lang_Throwable::fill_in_stack_trace_of_preallocated_backtrace(exc);
602 return exc;
603 }
604 }
605
606 intptr_t Universe::_non_oop_bits = 0;
607
608 void* Universe::non_oop_word() {
609 // Neither the high bits nor the low bits of this value is allowed
610 // to look like (respectively) the high or low bits of a real oop.
611 //
612 // High and low are CPU-specific notions, but low always includes
613 // the low-order bit. Since oops are always aligned at least mod 4,
614 // setting the low-order bit will ensure that the low half of the
615 // word will never look like that of a real oop.
616 //
617 // Using the OS-supplied non-memory-address word (usually 0 or -1)
618 // will take care of the high bits, however many there are.
619
620 if (_non_oop_bits == 0) {
621 _non_oop_bits = (intptr_t)os::non_memory_address_word() | 1;
622 }
623
624 return (void*)_non_oop_bits;
625 }
626
627 jint universe_init() {
628 assert(!Universe::_fully_initialized, "called after initialize_vtables");
629 guarantee(1 << LogHeapWordSize == sizeof(HeapWord),
630 "LogHeapWordSize is incorrect.");
631 guarantee(sizeof(oop) >= sizeof(HeapWord), "HeapWord larger than oop?");
632 guarantee(sizeof(oop) % sizeof(HeapWord) == 0,
633 "oop size is not not a multiple of HeapWord size");
634 TraceTime timer("Genesis", TraceStartupTime);
635 GC_locker::lock(); // do not allow gc during bootstrapping
636 JavaClasses::compute_hard_coded_offsets();
637
638 jint status = Universe::initialize_heap();
639 if (status != JNI_OK) {
640 return status;
641 }
642
643 Metaspace::global_initialize();
644
645 // Create memory for metadata. Must be after initializing heap for
646 // DumpSharedSpaces.
647 ClassLoaderData::init_null_class_loader_data();
648
649 // We have a heap so create the Method* caches before
650 // Metaspace::initialize_shared_spaces() tries to populate them.
651 Universe::_finalizer_register_cache = new LatestMethodCache();
652 Universe::_loader_addClass_cache = new LatestMethodCache();
653 Universe::_pd_implies_cache = new LatestMethodCache();
654
655 if (UseSharedSpaces) {
656 // Read the data structures supporting the shared spaces (shared
657 // system dictionary, symbol table, etc.). After that, access to
658 // the file (other than the mapped regions) is no longer needed, and
659 // the file is closed. Closing the file does not affect the
660 // currently mapped regions.
661 MetaspaceShared::initialize_shared_spaces();
662 StringTable::create_table();
663 } else {
664 SymbolTable::create_table();
665 StringTable::create_table();
666 ClassLoader::create_package_info_table();
667 }
668
669 return JNI_OK;
670 }
671
672 // Choose the heap base address and oop encoding mode
673 // when compressed oops are used:
674 // Unscaled - Use 32-bits oops without encoding when
675 // NarrowOopHeapBaseMin + heap_size < 4Gb
676 // ZeroBased - Use zero based compressed oops with encoding when
677 // NarrowOopHeapBaseMin + heap_size < 32Gb
678 // HeapBased - Use compressed oops with heap base + encoding.
679
680 // 4Gb
681 static const uint64_t UnscaledOopHeapMax = (uint64_t(max_juint) + 1);
682 // 32Gb
683 // OopEncodingHeapMax == UnscaledOopHeapMax << LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes;
684
685 char* Universe::preferred_heap_base(size_t heap_size, size_t alignment, NARROW_OOP_MODE mode) {
686 assert(is_size_aligned((size_t)OopEncodingHeapMax, alignment), "Must be");
687 assert(is_size_aligned((size_t)UnscaledOopHeapMax, alignment), "Must be");
688 assert(is_size_aligned(heap_size, alignment), "Must be");
689
690 uintx heap_base_min_address_aligned = align_size_up(HeapBaseMinAddress, alignment);
691
692 size_t base = 0;
693 #ifdef _LP64
694 if (UseCompressedOops) {
695 assert(mode == UnscaledNarrowOop ||
696 mode == ZeroBasedNarrowOop ||
697 mode == HeapBasedNarrowOop, "mode is invalid");
698 const size_t total_size = heap_size + heap_base_min_address_aligned;
699 // Return specified base for the first request.
700 if (!FLAG_IS_DEFAULT(HeapBaseMinAddress) && (mode == UnscaledNarrowOop)) {
701 base = heap_base_min_address_aligned;
702
703 // If the total size is small enough to allow UnscaledNarrowOop then
704 // just use UnscaledNarrowOop.
705 } else if ((total_size <= OopEncodingHeapMax) && (mode != HeapBasedNarrowOop)) {
706 if ((total_size <= UnscaledOopHeapMax) && (mode == UnscaledNarrowOop) &&
707 (Universe::narrow_oop_shift() == 0)) {
708 // Use 32-bits oops without encoding and
709 // place heap's top on the 4Gb boundary
710 base = (UnscaledOopHeapMax - heap_size);
711 } else {
712 // Can't reserve with NarrowOopShift == 0
713 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes);
714
715 if (mode == UnscaledNarrowOop ||
716 mode == ZeroBasedNarrowOop && total_size <= UnscaledOopHeapMax) {
717
718 // Use zero based compressed oops with encoding and
719 // place heap's top on the 32Gb boundary in case
720 // total_size > 4Gb or failed to reserve below 4Gb.
721 uint64_t heap_top = OopEncodingHeapMax;
722
723 // For small heaps, save some space for compressed class pointer
724 // space so it can be decoded with no base.
725 if (UseCompressedClassPointers && !UseSharedSpaces &&
726 OopEncodingHeapMax <= 32*G) {
727
728 uint64_t class_space = align_size_up(CompressedClassSpaceSize, alignment);
729 assert(is_size_aligned((size_t)OopEncodingHeapMax-class_space,
730 alignment), "difference must be aligned too");
731 uint64_t new_top = OopEncodingHeapMax-class_space;
732
733 if (total_size <= new_top) {
734 heap_top = new_top;
735 }
736 }
737
738 // Align base to the adjusted top of the heap
739 base = heap_top - heap_size;
740 }
741 }
742 } else {
743 // UnscaledNarrowOop encoding didn't work, and no base was found for ZeroBasedOops or
744 // HeapBasedNarrowOop encoding was requested. So, can't reserve below 32Gb.
745 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes);
746 }
747
748 // Set narrow_oop_base and narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks
749 // used in ReservedHeapSpace() constructors.
750 // The final values will be set in initialize_heap() below.
751 if ((base != 0) && ((base + heap_size) <= OopEncodingHeapMax)) {
752 // Use zero based compressed oops
753 Universe::set_narrow_oop_base(NULL);
754 // Don't need guard page for implicit checks in indexed
755 // addressing mode with zero based Compressed Oops.
756 Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(true);
757 } else {
758 // Set to a non-NULL value so the ReservedSpace ctor computes
759 // the correct no-access prefix.
760 // The final value will be set in initialize_heap() below.
761 Universe::set_narrow_oop_base((address)UnscaledOopHeapMax);
762 #if defined(_WIN64) || defined(AIX)
763 if (UseLargePages) {
764 // Cannot allocate guard pages for implicit checks in indexed
765 // addressing mode when large pages are specified on windows.
766 Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(false);
767 }
768 #endif // _WIN64
769 }
770 }
771 #endif
772
773 assert(is_ptr_aligned((char*)base, alignment), "Must be");
774 return (char*)base; // also return NULL (don't care) for 32-bit VM
775 }
776
777 jint Universe::initialize_heap() {
778
779 if (UseParallelGC) {
780 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
781 Universe::_collectedHeap = new ParallelScavengeHeap();
782 #else // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
783 fatal("UseParallelGC not supported in this VM.");
784 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
785
786 } else if (UseG1GC) {
787 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
788 G1CollectorPolicy* g1p = new G1CollectorPolicy();
789 g1p->initialize_all();
790 G1CollectedHeap* g1h = new G1CollectedHeap(g1p);
791 Universe::_collectedHeap = g1h;
792 #else // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
793 fatal("UseG1GC not supported in java kernel vm.");
794 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
795
796 } else {
797 GenCollectorPolicy *gc_policy;
798
799 if (UseSerialGC) {
800 gc_policy = new MarkSweepPolicy();
801 } else if (UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
802 #if INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
803 if (UseAdaptiveSizePolicy) {
804 gc_policy = new ASConcurrentMarkSweepPolicy();
805 } else {
806 gc_policy = new ConcurrentMarkSweepPolicy();
807 }
808 #else // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
809 fatal("UseConcMarkSweepGC not supported in this VM.");
810 #endif // INCLUDE_ALL_GCS
811 } else { // default old generation
812 gc_policy = new MarkSweepPolicy();
813 }
814 gc_policy->initialize_all();
815
816 Universe::_collectedHeap = new GenCollectedHeap(gc_policy);
817 }
818
819 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::set_max_size(Universe::heap()->max_tlab_size());
820
821 jint status = Universe::heap()->initialize();
822 if (status != JNI_OK) {
823 return status;
824 }
825
826 #ifdef _LP64
827 if (UseCompressedOops) {
828 // Subtract a page because something can get allocated at heap base.
829 // This also makes implicit null checking work, because the
830 // memory+1 page below heap_base needs to cause a signal.
831 // See needs_explicit_null_check.
832 // Only set the heap base for compressed oops because it indicates
833 // compressed oops for pstack code.
834 bool verbose = PrintCompressedOopsMode || (PrintMiscellaneous && Verbose);
835 if (verbose) {
836 tty->cr();
837 tty->print("heap address: " PTR_FORMAT ", size: " SIZE_FORMAT " MB",
838 Universe::heap()->base(), Universe::heap()->reserved_region().byte_size()/M);
839 }
840 if (((uint64_t)Universe::heap()->reserved_region().end() > OopEncodingHeapMax)) {
841 // Can't reserve heap below 32Gb.
842 // keep the Universe::narrow_oop_base() set in Universe::reserve_heap()
843 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes);
844 #ifdef AIX
845 // There is no protected page before the heap. This assures all oops
846 // are decoded so that NULL is preserved, so this page will not be accessed.
847 Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(false);
848 #endif
849 if (verbose) {
850 tty->print(", %s: "PTR_FORMAT,
851 narrow_oop_mode_to_string(HeapBasedNarrowOop),
852 Universe::narrow_oop_base());
853 }
854 } else {
855 Universe::set_narrow_oop_base(0);
856 if (verbose) {
857 tty->print(", %s", narrow_oop_mode_to_string(ZeroBasedNarrowOop));
858 }
859 #ifdef _WIN64
860 if (!Universe::narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks()) {
861 // Don't need guard page for implicit checks in indexed addressing
862 // mode with zero based Compressed Oops.
863 Universe::set_narrow_oop_use_implicit_null_checks(true);
864 }
865 #endif // _WIN64
866 if((uint64_t)Universe::heap()->reserved_region().end() > UnscaledOopHeapMax) {
867 // Can't reserve heap below 4Gb.
868 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes);
869 } else {
870 Universe::set_narrow_oop_shift(0);
871 if (verbose) {
872 tty->print(", %s", narrow_oop_mode_to_string(UnscaledNarrowOop));
873 }
874 }
875 }
876
877 if (verbose) {
878 tty->cr();
879 tty->cr();
880 }
881 Universe::set_narrow_ptrs_base(Universe::narrow_oop_base());
882 }
883 // Universe::narrow_oop_base() is one page below the heap.
884 assert((intptr_t)Universe::narrow_oop_base() <= (intptr_t)(Universe::heap()->base() -
885 os::vm_page_size()) ||
886 Universe::narrow_oop_base() == NULL, "invalid value");
887 assert(Universe::narrow_oop_shift() == LogMinObjAlignmentInBytes ||
888 Universe::narrow_oop_shift() == 0, "invalid value");
889 #endif
890
891 // We will never reach the CATCH below since Exceptions::_throw will cause
892 // the VM to exit if an exception is thrown during initialization
893
894 if (UseTLAB) {
895 assert(Universe::heap()->supports_tlab_allocation(),
896 "Should support thread-local allocation buffers");
897 ThreadLocalAllocBuffer::startup_initialization();
898 }
899 return JNI_OK;
900 }
901
902
903 // Reserve the Java heap, which is now the same for all GCs.
904 ReservedSpace Universe::reserve_heap(size_t heap_size, size_t alignment) {
905 assert(alignment <= Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment(),
906 err_msg("actual alignment "SIZE_FORMAT" must be within maximum heap alignment "SIZE_FORMAT,
907 alignment, Arguments::conservative_max_heap_alignment()));
908 size_t total_reserved = align_size_up(heap_size, alignment);
909 assert(!UseCompressedOops || (total_reserved <= (OopEncodingHeapMax - os::vm_page_size())),
910 "heap size is too big for compressed oops");
911
912 bool use_large_pages = UseLargePages && is_size_aligned(alignment, os::large_page_size());
913 assert(!UseLargePages
914 || UseParallelGC
915 || use_large_pages, "Wrong alignment to use large pages");
916
917 char* addr = Universe::preferred_heap_base(total_reserved, alignment, Universe::UnscaledNarrowOop);
918
919 ReservedHeapSpace total_rs(total_reserved, alignment, use_large_pages, addr);
920
921 if (UseCompressedOops) {
922 if (addr != NULL && !total_rs.is_reserved()) {
923 // Failed to reserve at specified address - the requested memory
924 // region is taken already, for example, by 'java' launcher.
925 // Try again to reserver heap higher.
926 addr = Universe::preferred_heap_base(total_reserved, alignment, Universe::ZeroBasedNarrowOop);
927
928 ReservedHeapSpace total_rs0(total_reserved, alignment,
929 use_large_pages, addr);
930
931 if (addr != NULL && !total_rs0.is_reserved()) {
932 // Failed to reserve at specified address again - give up.
933 addr = Universe::preferred_heap_base(total_reserved, alignment, Universe::HeapBasedNarrowOop);
934 assert(addr == NULL, "");
935
936 ReservedHeapSpace total_rs1(total_reserved, alignment,
937 use_large_pages, addr);
938 total_rs = total_rs1;
939 } else {
940 total_rs = total_rs0;
941 }
942 }
943 }
944
945 if (!total_rs.is_reserved()) {
946 vm_exit_during_initialization(err_msg("Could not reserve enough space for " SIZE_FORMAT "KB object heap", total_reserved/K));
947 return total_rs;
948 }
949
950 if (UseCompressedOops) {
951 // Universe::initialize_heap() will reset this to NULL if unscaled
952 // or zero-based narrow oops are actually used.
953 address base = (address)(total_rs.base() - os::vm_page_size());
954 Universe::set_narrow_oop_base(base);
955 }
956 return total_rs;
957 }
958
959
960 // It's the caller's responsibility to ensure glitch-freedom
961 // (if required).
962 void Universe::update_heap_info_at_gc() {
963 _heap_capacity_at_last_gc = heap()->capacity();
964 _heap_used_at_last_gc = heap()->used();
965 }
966
967
968 const char* Universe::narrow_oop_mode_to_string(Universe::NARROW_OOP_MODE mode) {
969 switch (mode) {
970 case UnscaledNarrowOop:
971 return "32-bits Oops";
972 case ZeroBasedNarrowOop:
973 return "zero based Compressed Oops";
974 case HeapBasedNarrowOop:
975 return "Compressed Oops with base";
976 }
977
978 ShouldNotReachHere();
979 return "";
980 }
981
982
983 Universe::NARROW_OOP_MODE Universe::narrow_oop_mode() {
984 if (narrow_oop_base() != 0) {
985 return HeapBasedNarrowOop;
986 }
987
988 if (narrow_oop_shift() != 0) {
989 return ZeroBasedNarrowOop;
990 }
991
992 return UnscaledNarrowOop;
993 }
994
995
996 void universe2_init() {
997 EXCEPTION_MARK;
998 Universe::genesis(CATCH);
999 }
1000
1001
1002 // This function is defined in JVM.cpp
1003 extern void initialize_converter_functions();
1004
1005 bool universe_post_init() {
1006 assert(!is_init_completed(), "Error: initialization not yet completed!");
1007 Universe::_fully_initialized = true;
1008 EXCEPTION_MARK;
1009 { ResourceMark rm;
1010 Interpreter::initialize(); // needed for interpreter entry points
1011 if (!UseSharedSpaces) {
1012 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1013 KlassHandle ok_h(THREAD, SystemDictionary::Object_klass());
1014 Universe::reinitialize_vtable_of(ok_h, CHECK_false);
1015 Universe::reinitialize_itables(CHECK_false);
1016 }
1017 }
1018
1019 HandleMark hm(THREAD);
1020 Klass* k;
1021 instanceKlassHandle k_h;
1022 // Setup preallocated empty java.lang.Class array
1023 Universe::_the_empty_class_klass_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(SystemDictionary::Class_klass(), 0, CHECK_false);
1024
1025 // Setup preallocated OutOfMemoryError errors
1026 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError(), true, CHECK_false);
1027 k_h = instanceKlassHandle(THREAD, k);
1028 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1029 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1030 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1031 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1032 Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit =
1033 k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1034
1035 // Setup preallocated NullPointerException
1036 // (this is currently used for a cheap & dirty solution in compiler exception handling)
1037 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_NullPointerException(), true, CHECK_false);
1038 Universe::_null_ptr_exception_instance = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1039 // Setup preallocated ArithmeticException
1040 // (this is currently used for a cheap & dirty solution in compiler exception handling)
1041 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(vmSymbols::java_lang_ArithmeticException(), true, CHECK_false);
1042 Universe::_arithmetic_exception_instance = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1043 // Virtual Machine Error for when we get into a situation we can't resolve
1044 k = SystemDictionary::resolve_or_fail(
1045 vmSymbols::java_lang_VirtualMachineError(), true, CHECK_false);
1046 bool linked = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->link_class_or_fail(CHECK_false);
1047 if (!linked) {
1048 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify VirtualMachineError class");
1049 return false; // initialization failed
1050 }
1051 Universe::_virtual_machine_error_instance =
1052 InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1053
1054 Universe::_vm_exception = InstanceKlass::cast(k)->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1055
1056 if (!DumpSharedSpaces) {
1057 // These are the only Java fields that are currently set during shared space dumping.
1058 // We prefer to not handle this generally, so we always reinitialize these detail messages.
1059 Handle msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Java heap space", CHECK_false);
1060 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap, msg());
1061
1062 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Metaspace", CHECK_false);
1063 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_metaspace, msg());
1064 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Compressed class space", CHECK_false);
1065 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_class_metaspace, msg());
1066
1067 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("Requested array size exceeds VM limit", CHECK_false);
1068 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_array_size, msg());
1069
1070 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("GC overhead limit exceeded", CHECK_false);
1071 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_out_of_memory_error_gc_overhead_limit, msg());
1072
1073 msg = java_lang_String::create_from_str("/ by zero", CHECK_false);
1074 java_lang_Throwable::set_message(Universe::_arithmetic_exception_instance, msg());
1075
1076 // Setup the array of errors that have preallocated backtrace
1077 k = Universe::_out_of_memory_error_java_heap->klass();
1078 assert(k->name() == vmSymbols::java_lang_OutOfMemoryError(), "should be out of memory error");
1079 k_h = instanceKlassHandle(THREAD, k);
1080
1081 int len = (StackTraceInThrowable) ? (int)PreallocatedOutOfMemoryErrorCount : 0;
1082 Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_array = oopFactory::new_objArray(k_h(), len, CHECK_false);
1083 for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
1084 oop err = k_h->allocate_instance(CHECK_false);
1085 Handle err_h = Handle(THREAD, err);
1086 java_lang_Throwable::allocate_backtrace(err_h, CHECK_false);
1087 Universe::preallocated_out_of_memory_errors()->obj_at_put(i, err_h());
1088 }
1089 Universe::_preallocated_out_of_memory_error_avail_count = (jint)len;
1090 }
1091
1092
1093 // Setup static method for registering finalizers
1094 // The finalizer klass must be linked before looking up the method, in
1095 // case it needs to get rewritten.
1096 InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::Finalizer_klass())->link_class(CHECK_false);
1097 Method* m = InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::Finalizer_klass())->find_method(
1098 vmSymbols::register_method_name(),
1099 vmSymbols::register_method_signature());
1100 if (m == NULL || !m->is_static()) {
1101 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify Finalizer.register method");
1102 return false; // initialization failed (cannot throw exception yet)
1103 }
1104 Universe::_finalizer_register_cache->init(
1105 SystemDictionary::Finalizer_klass(), m);
1106
1107 InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::misc_Unsafe_klass())->link_class(CHECK_false);
1108 m = InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::misc_Unsafe_klass())->find_method(
1109 vmSymbols::throwIllegalAccessError_name(),
1110 vmSymbols::void_method_signature());
1111 if (m != NULL && !m->is_static()) {
1112 // Note null is okay; this method is used in itables, and if it is null,
1113 // then AbstractMethodError is thrown instead.
1114 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify Unsafe.throwIllegalAccessError method");
1115 return false; // initialization failed (cannot throw exception yet)
1116 }
1117 Universe::_throw_illegal_access_error = m;
1118
1119 // Setup method for registering loaded classes in class loader vector
1120 InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::ClassLoader_klass())->link_class(CHECK_false);
1121 m = InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::ClassLoader_klass())->find_method(vmSymbols::addClass_name(), vmSymbols::class_void_signature());
1122 if (m == NULL || m->is_static()) {
1123 tty->print_cr("Unable to link/verify ClassLoader.addClass method");
1124 return false; // initialization failed (cannot throw exception yet)
1125 }
1126 Universe::_loader_addClass_cache->init(
1127 SystemDictionary::ClassLoader_klass(), m);
1128
1129 // Setup method for checking protection domain
1130 InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::ProtectionDomain_klass())->link_class(CHECK_false);
1131 m = InstanceKlass::cast(SystemDictionary::ProtectionDomain_klass())->
1132 find_method(vmSymbols::impliesCreateAccessControlContext_name(),
1133 vmSymbols::void_boolean_signature());
1134 // Allow NULL which should only happen with bootstrapping.
1135 if (m != NULL) {
1136 if (m->is_static()) {
1137 // NoSuchMethodException doesn't actually work because it tries to run the
1138 // <init> function before java_lang_Class is linked. Print error and exit.
1139 tty->print_cr("ProtectionDomain.impliesCreateAccessControlContext() has the wrong linkage");
1140 return false; // initialization failed
1141 }
1142 Universe::_pd_implies_cache->init(
1143 SystemDictionary::ProtectionDomain_klass(), m);;
1144 }
1145
1146 // The following is initializing converter functions for serialization in
1147 // JVM.cpp. If we clean up the StrictMath code above we may want to find
1148 // a better solution for this as well.
1149 initialize_converter_functions();
1150
1151 // This needs to be done before the first scavenge/gc, since
1152 // it's an input to soft ref clearing policy.
1153 {
1154 MutexLocker x(Heap_lock);
1155 Universe::update_heap_info_at_gc();
1156 }
1157
1158 // ("weak") refs processing infrastructure initialization
1159 Universe::heap()->post_initialize();
1160
1161 // Initialize performance counters for metaspaces
1162 MetaspaceCounters::initialize_performance_counters();
1163 CompressedClassSpaceCounters::initialize_performance_counters();
1164
1165 MemoryService::add_metaspace_memory_pools();
1166
1167 GC_locker::unlock(); // allow gc after bootstrapping
1168
1169 MemoryService::set_universe_heap(Universe::_collectedHeap);
1170 return true;
1171 }
1172
1173
1174 void Universe::compute_base_vtable_size() {
1175 _base_vtable_size = ClassLoader::compute_Object_vtable();
1176 }
1177
1178
1179 // %%% The Universe::flush_foo methods belong in CodeCache.
1180
1181 // Flushes compiled methods dependent on dependee.
1182 void Universe::flush_dependents_on(instanceKlassHandle dependee) {
1183 assert_lock_strong(Compile_lock);
1184
1185 if (CodeCache::number_of_nmethods_with_dependencies() == 0) return;
1186
1187 // CodeCache can only be updated by a thread_in_VM and they will all be
1188 // stopped during the safepoint so CodeCache will be safe to update without
1189 // holding the CodeCache_lock.
1190
1191 KlassDepChange changes(dependee);
1192
1193 // Compute the dependent nmethods
1194 if (CodeCache::mark_for_deoptimization(changes) > 0) {
1195 // At least one nmethod has been marked for deoptimization
1196 VM_Deoptimize op;
1197 VMThread::execute(&op);
1198 }
1199 }
1200
1201 // Flushes compiled methods dependent on a particular CallSite
1202 // instance when its target is different than the given MethodHandle.
1203 void Universe::flush_dependents_on(Handle call_site, Handle method_handle) {
1204 assert_lock_strong(Compile_lock);
1205
1206 if (CodeCache::number_of_nmethods_with_dependencies() == 0) return;
1207
1208 // CodeCache can only be updated by a thread_in_VM and they will all be
1209 // stopped during the safepoint so CodeCache will be safe to update without
1210 // holding the CodeCache_lock.
1211
1212 CallSiteDepChange changes(call_site(), method_handle());
1213
1214 // Compute the dependent nmethods that have a reference to a
1215 // CallSite object. We use InstanceKlass::mark_dependent_nmethod
1216 // directly instead of CodeCache::mark_for_deoptimization because we
1217 // want dependents on the call site class only not all classes in
1218 // the ContextStream.
1219 int marked = 0;
1220 {
1221 MutexLockerEx mu(CodeCache_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1222 InstanceKlass* call_site_klass = InstanceKlass::cast(call_site->klass());
1223 marked = call_site_klass->mark_dependent_nmethods(changes);
1224 }
1225 if (marked > 0) {
1226 // At least one nmethod has been marked for deoptimization
1227 VM_Deoptimize op;
1228 VMThread::execute(&op);
1229 }
1230 }
1231
1232 #ifdef HOTSWAP
1233 // Flushes compiled methods dependent on dependee in the evolutionary sense
1234 void Universe::flush_evol_dependents_on(instanceKlassHandle ev_k_h) {
1235 // --- Compile_lock is not held. However we are at a safepoint.
1236 assert_locked_or_safepoint(Compile_lock);
1237 if (CodeCache::number_of_nmethods_with_dependencies() == 0) return;
1238
1239 // CodeCache can only be updated by a thread_in_VM and they will all be
1240 // stopped during the safepoint so CodeCache will be safe to update without
1241 // holding the CodeCache_lock.
1242
1243 // Compute the dependent nmethods
1244 if (CodeCache::mark_for_evol_deoptimization(ev_k_h) > 0) {
1245 // At least one nmethod has been marked for deoptimization
1246
1247 // All this already happens inside a VM_Operation, so we'll do all the work here.
1248 // Stuff copied from VM_Deoptimize and modified slightly.
1249
1250 // We do not want any GCs to happen while we are in the middle of this VM operation
1251 ResourceMark rm;
1252 DeoptimizationMarker dm;
1253
1254 // Deoptimize all activations depending on marked nmethods
1255 Deoptimization::deoptimize_dependents();
1256
1257 // Make the dependent methods not entrant (in VM_Deoptimize they are made zombies)
1258 CodeCache::make_marked_nmethods_not_entrant();
1259 }
1260 }
1261 #endif // HOTSWAP
1262
1263
1264 // Flushes compiled methods dependent on dependee
1265 void Universe::flush_dependents_on_method(methodHandle m_h) {
1266 // --- Compile_lock is not held. However we are at a safepoint.
1267 assert_locked_or_safepoint(Compile_lock);
1268
1269 // CodeCache can only be updated by a thread_in_VM and they will all be
1270 // stopped dring the safepoint so CodeCache will be safe to update without
1271 // holding the CodeCache_lock.
1272
1273 // Compute the dependent nmethods
1274 if (CodeCache::mark_for_deoptimization(m_h()) > 0) {
1275 // At least one nmethod has been marked for deoptimization
1276
1277 // All this already happens inside a VM_Operation, so we'll do all the work here.
1278 // Stuff copied from VM_Deoptimize and modified slightly.
1279
1280 // We do not want any GCs to happen while we are in the middle of this VM operation
1281 ResourceMark rm;
1282 DeoptimizationMarker dm;
1283
1284 // Deoptimize all activations depending on marked nmethods
1285 Deoptimization::deoptimize_dependents();
1286
1287 // Make the dependent methods not entrant (in VM_Deoptimize they are made zombies)
1288 CodeCache::make_marked_nmethods_not_entrant();
1289 }
1290 }
1291
1292 void Universe::print() {
1293 print_on(gclog_or_tty);
1294 }
1295
1296 void Universe::print_on(outputStream* st, bool extended) {
1297 st->print_cr("Heap");
1298 if (!extended) {
1299 heap()->print_on(st);
1300 } else {
1301 heap()->print_extended_on(st);
1302 }
1303 }
1304
1305 void Universe::print_heap_at_SIGBREAK() {
1306 if (PrintHeapAtSIGBREAK) {
1307 MutexLocker hl(Heap_lock);
1308 print_on(tty);
1309 tty->cr();
1310 tty->flush();
1311 }
1312 }
1313
1314 void Universe::print_heap_before_gc(outputStream* st, bool ignore_extended) {
1315 st->print_cr("{Heap before GC invocations=%u (full %u):",
1316 heap()->total_collections(),
1317 heap()->total_full_collections());
1318 if (!PrintHeapAtGCExtended || ignore_extended) {
1319 heap()->print_on(st);
1320 } else {
1321 heap()->print_extended_on(st);
1322 }
1323 }
1324
1325 void Universe::print_heap_after_gc(outputStream* st, bool ignore_extended) {
1326 st->print_cr("Heap after GC invocations=%u (full %u):",
1327 heap()->total_collections(),
1328 heap()->total_full_collections());
1329 if (!PrintHeapAtGCExtended || ignore_extended) {
1330 heap()->print_on(st);
1331 } else {
1332 heap()->print_extended_on(st);
1333 }
1334 st->print_cr("}");
1335 }
1336
1337 void Universe::verify(VerifyOption option, const char* prefix, bool silent) {
1338 // The use of _verify_in_progress is a temporary work around for
1339 // 6320749. Don't bother with a creating a class to set and clear
1340 // it since it is only used in this method and the control flow is
1341 // straight forward.
1342 _verify_in_progress = true;
1343
1344 COMPILER2_PRESENT(
1345 assert(!DerivedPointerTable::is_active(),
1346 "DPT should not be active during verification "
1347 "(of thread stacks below)");
1348 )
1349
1350 ResourceMark rm;
1351 HandleMark hm; // Handles created during verification can be zapped
1352 _verify_count++;
1353
1354 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print(prefix);
1355 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("[Verifying ");
1356 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("threads ");
1357 Threads::verify();
1358 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("heap ");
1359 heap()->verify(silent, option);
1360 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("syms ");
1361 SymbolTable::verify();
1362 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("strs ");
1363 StringTable::verify();
1364 {
1365 MutexLockerEx mu(CodeCache_lock, Mutex::_no_safepoint_check_flag);
1366 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("zone ");
1367 CodeCache::verify();
1368 }
1369 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("dict ");
1370 SystemDictionary::verify();
1371 #ifndef PRODUCT
1372 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("cldg ");
1373 ClassLoaderDataGraph::verify();
1374 #endif
1375 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("metaspace chunks ");
1376 MetaspaceAux::verify_free_chunks();
1377 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("hand ");
1378 JNIHandles::verify();
1379 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("C-heap ");
1380 os::check_heap();
1381 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print("code cache ");
1382 CodeCache::verify_oops();
1383 if (!silent) gclog_or_tty->print_cr("]");
1384
1385 _verify_in_progress = false;
1386 }
1387
1388 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
1389
1390 static uintptr_t _verify_oop_data[2] = {0, (uintptr_t)-1};
1391 static uintptr_t _verify_klass_data[2] = {0, (uintptr_t)-1};
1392
1393
1394 #ifndef PRODUCT
1395
1396 static void calculate_verify_data(uintptr_t verify_data[2],
1397 HeapWord* low_boundary,
1398 HeapWord* high_boundary) {
1399 assert(low_boundary < high_boundary, "bad interval");
1400
1401 // decide which low-order bits we require to be clear:
1402 size_t alignSize = MinObjAlignmentInBytes;
1403 size_t min_object_size = CollectedHeap::min_fill_size();
1404
1405 // make an inclusive limit:
1406 uintptr_t max = (uintptr_t)high_boundary - min_object_size*wordSize;
1407 uintptr_t min = (uintptr_t)low_boundary;
1408 assert(min < max, "bad interval");
1409 uintptr_t diff = max ^ min;
1410
1411 // throw away enough low-order bits to make the diff vanish
1412 uintptr_t mask = (uintptr_t)(-1);
1413 while ((mask & diff) != 0)
1414 mask <<= 1;
1415 uintptr_t bits = (min & mask);
1416 assert(bits == (max & mask), "correct mask");
1417 // check an intermediate value between min and max, just to make sure:
1418 assert(bits == ((min + (max-min)/2) & mask), "correct mask");
1419
1420 // require address alignment, too:
1421 mask |= (alignSize - 1);
1422
1423 if (!(verify_data[0] == 0 && verify_data[1] == (uintptr_t)-1)) {
1424 assert(verify_data[0] == mask && verify_data[1] == bits, "mask stability");
1425 }
1426 verify_data[0] = mask;
1427 verify_data[1] = bits;
1428 }
1429
1430 // Oop verification (see MacroAssembler::verify_oop)
1431
1432 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_mask() {
1433 MemRegion m = heap()->reserved_region();
1434 calculate_verify_data(_verify_oop_data,
1435 m.start(),
1436 m.end());
1437 return _verify_oop_data[0];
1438 }
1439
1440
1441
1442 uintptr_t Universe::verify_oop_bits() {
1443 verify_oop_mask();
1444 return _verify_oop_data[1];
1445 }
1446
1447 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_mask() {
1448 return markOopDesc::lock_mask_in_place;
1449 }
1450
1451 uintptr_t Universe::verify_mark_bits() {
1452 intptr_t mask = verify_mark_mask();
1453 intptr_t bits = (intptr_t)markOopDesc::prototype();
1454 assert((bits & ~mask) == 0, "no stray header bits");
1455 return bits;
1456 }
1457 #endif // PRODUCT
1458
1459
1460 void Universe::compute_verify_oop_data() {
1461 verify_oop_mask();
1462 verify_oop_bits();
1463 verify_mark_mask();
1464 verify_mark_bits();
1465 }
1466
1467
1468 void LatestMethodCache::init(Klass* k, Method* m) {
1469 if (!UseSharedSpaces) {
1470 _klass = k;
1471 }
1472 #ifndef PRODUCT
1473 else {
1474 // sharing initilization should have already set up _klass
1475 assert(_klass != NULL, "just checking");
1476 }
1477 #endif
1478
1479 _method_idnum = m->method_idnum();
1480 assert(_method_idnum >= 0, "sanity check");
1481 }
1482
1483
1484 Method* LatestMethodCache::get_method() {
1485 if (klass() == NULL) return NULL;
1486 InstanceKlass* ik = InstanceKlass::cast(klass());
1487 Method* m = ik->method_with_idnum(method_idnum());
1488 assert(m != NULL, "sanity check");
1489 return m;
1490 }
1491
1492
1493 #ifdef ASSERT
1494 // Release dummy object(s) at bottom of heap
1495 bool Universe::release_fullgc_alot_dummy() {
1496 MutexLocker ml(FullGCALot_lock);
1497 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_array != NULL) {
1498 if (_fullgc_alot_dummy_next >= _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->length()) {
1499 // No more dummies to release, release entire array instead
1500 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array = NULL;
1501 return false;
1502 }
1503 if (!UseConcMarkSweepGC) {
1504 // Release dummy at bottom of old generation
1505 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->obj_at_put(_fullgc_alot_dummy_next++, NULL);
1506 }
1507 // Release dummy at bottom of permanent generation
1508 _fullgc_alot_dummy_array->obj_at_put(_fullgc_alot_dummy_next++, NULL);
1509 }
1510 return true;
1511 }
1512
1513 #endif // ASSERT